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~ ut---~~:._·-~--oA.~ 7 ~ IJ~ ~o"r...... 4.~- .v ,--,---- ~ ~ ... - v,. ~~~~~~~r-~~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ••.k• l ~ ~ v.s. ~ ~ .(._ uA.-~- ~ ~ . ~ ""<: ~ ...... '1_.,_, ~'6J- Jo. ¥ ~Yv ./ Ref' . your M. 9 . I have discussed tho papc.r ~ oosely enclose ~
11i ~h l'lr . Turner and have told him that my views on tho subject of
UFOo , rrom a scientific intelligence point of vi , a~ as follows :
(a) The present establishment of DSTI ~ ~ been designed to ~eet the research demands arising f r om our 3tudie3 of defence science in countries in the Far East and South East Asia , and to keep abreast of major dovelopmento in defence science • i
L fo -/ ~~ ,A, /. ':1 I ~ (l..u '(--., i'~ ~ l'i::..:.. ;:/;E~ y~ / 3 a(\.A.< • V j I • /J.~ ,{)- '; ..z.. .fj~~ qf t ~ M . ~ / ~ :PRFI f+-Js ~, ~ ~ ~A:_.._ , .~ f ~~ -~ ~;_lt.L~ju.u{ - ~~ ~ J ~, -h. ~n ~ ~~ /k .f.T./. S. C t'~ ~) . ~. ,:) ~~ J'I . ~~ ~ ~ k/~ ( ~~i.,. ~~~,.. -'!~~) ~~~ ~ #~~ J ~ u~~ ~44...... ~ /~ A-y ~~ .A;t/~ . 3. .9 ~ ~ ~ /IPA' ~ ~ k> ~ ~ ~-k~~ •lo~~~r.J~ "1 ""'-- ~ ~ J !}s:r. U> ~ ~ ~ ~ . vw ~~ .J tV'vl<.- . ~ k --, c.4~ · +....,_ ~ /~ ~ 'l.->1 ~ ~ "'~ ~ a-.. . .•. ~ . ?' e--('~ ~~; o/~ r~· ..At'~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ..-< ...... < - ~~ f J77[C ~ ~4 .:-«-..~....,~ , ~ ~ ~-<....--- . cf ~.<-t. l~ ~ ( w .r~~) , ~ ..--. ~ -;. ec.. a...... c <.«.- .-...(.....-- 1-i ) '/ tt.· ~~ ?-...... -~-- . Mmutes to be wrrtten neatly in JIB (M) FILE MINUTE SHEET (FRONT) Ink or typewritten and to be dated ' M. 10 (contd) and s1gned by officers over their in the Soviet bloc. There is no surplus research capacity within the establishment pos1tion or rank. th ~ t could be diverted to problems such as the investigntion of UFO reports .
(b) _r am not convince~at ther~ is a suf!icient scientific intelligence component in the UFO pro~lam suc~~warrant ~y diversion of Australia ' s v ery limited resources for scianZ~~ intalligenc~ research. (c) It is evident; that there is still considerable controversy concerning UFOs and this will un- doubtedly QO~~e until the subject is fully examined by some competent authority. Such an examinatian..,_how..ave:c_, wottld require a considerable effort to collect information on UFO sightinga , to investigate repo~ts of such sightings and to examine all information in an objective , s cientific ~~~~r · , __~ Jt i- ~ ~ ~ 1:; ~~ h...t_ uy~ / Jj- -q~ ~ t~~J ~fo-<-K ~~-v/w '2....- ~ February 1970 ~1/rfk~~ l 'unu No. lU Introduced Ma)', 1966 I
,DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE FILE CLOSED
Subsequent correspondence ha~ been placed on File No: DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE JJIN'!' rm ... 1LI ... nc.. c. r,,_.._r ll MINUTE PAPER .. REFERENCE:
SUBJECT : SCIEUTIPIC AilD INTELLIGBUCE ASPECTS OF THE UPO PROBLE!~
b~ fl /
~~ ~ {~ Gt Tfi...t~.,J:; (Through D~ 0-/RA ·r-~ ~ "' . lC • ~·~~ ~A./.4 tN cWtA--<~ 1\M-'? jlv.J\ ~ \. ~~,~-<. ~ - The two documents attached are intended to focus on aspecto of the UFO problem that have tended to remain hidden. The report dealing with the US attitude has been compiled froc official r epor~s and statements made by the CIA , US Air Force , Congressional Hcaringo and Project Blue Book records . The second document dealo with evidence for weapon oystoma used by UFO ' s . Thia evidence has been culled from computerised records collected by Dr Vallee in collaboration with Dr liynek at North- Weotorn University and represents only a £ract~on o. orld- wide reports dealing with the same ~capon syswems . Australia has h~d its share of this kind of r eporting .
2 . Intelli Bence aspects include assessment of real from falao reporting, capabilitieo of propulsion methods and possible weapons used, mo tivetion of opcr6tions (barmfu! or no t , defensive , of:cnsive , scientific etc. ) for both short term and long- term and whether thoro are QOre effective ways to detect theae operations or defend them if necessary.
(O . H. TURNER) 27th May 197 1· Hd . Nuclear Branch 7! t ·- ... ·-·
SUNNA.RY
The ca.rly analyses of UFO repor-i,s by USAF intelligence indicated that real phenomena were being reported which had f l ight charact~~;stic~ ~o far in advance of U. S . aircraft that only an extra-i ~rr~sti~l orig)n coule be envisaged . A government agency~ which l&:t.:n- c·.·puts indicated to be the CIA Office of Scientific Intelligence (OSI) , studied the UFO rep~rt~ with the intention of det~rmim. ••6 t:l~ UFO propulsion methods . At that i.ime, OS! was r esponsiblo for intel l igence on foreign research and development in nuclear and missile matters .
2. Th e CIA b~came alarmed at the overloading of military communicRtions during t~e mass sigbtings of 1952 and considered the possibility that the USSR may take ad.,.o.ntage of such a situa~ic;u . As a result, OS! ~cting through the Robertson-panel meetir.g of mid-Januar.r 1953, persuaded the USAP to usc Project BLUE BOOK as a means cf rJu blicly 11 debu~. 3 . By erecting a facade of ridicule, the U. S . hoped to allay public alarm, reduce the possibility of the Soviet takin~ advanta~e of UFO mass sightings for either psychological or actual warfare purposes, and act as a cover for the real U.S. programme of devel~ping vehicles that emulate UPO ~erformances . The RAAF together with many other countries of the world give credence only to the USAF public facade and appear to have uncritically acce~ted the associated information . This information bas been widely discredited by r etiring U. S . service personnel formerly engaged on UFO investigations, as well as hy scientists and private citizens . 4 . The conclusions of the Condon report conflict ~ith its own c ontents and has been discredited by many reputable scientists i ncluding the UFO scientific consultant to the USAF . In accordance ~ 4 with the recommendations of the Condon report , Project BLUE BOOK was terminated, but presumably this would l1avc little effect on the main progr~r.~e . 5. It would appear wrong for Australia to remain ignorant ci the true situati~c . We lack an i ntelligence viewpoint th~t can assess the nature and possible consequenc es of the problem, a s cientific vieNpoint that could derive scientifically val)d data from the reports &nd a public relations viewpoint that can h onest ~y s ati sfy public interest. To overcome these deficiencies in t he Au stralian investigation of UFO's , it would seem that a str ong casG exis t s for the acceptance of the RAAF suggestion that another government department assume r espons ibi1ity for the investi gation and analy sis of UFO reports . .. . ., , U. S . OFFICIAL ATTITUDE TO U. F.0 1 s In June of 1947 the Air Technical Intelligence Centre (A TIC) ncar Dayton, Ohio , assumed a re•pcnsibility to investigate 1 1 the ini tia.l 1 ~pol·ts of flying saucers • Vi thin a month it was conside~ cd that. the phenomena we re real a!ld probably of Sovi et or1g1n. By thP end of the year, wh en ATIC was officially authorised to invesliigatc under the project code na.n.e of SIGN and with a high priority, most nf the investigators wer~ focussing on an inter planetary ra~her than a Soviet origin. These opinions were crysta:iliz ~d into a written estimate that was soot to the Pentagon in September 1948. When the interplanetary cone lusions were re.J .)c·~ed on th~ grounJs of insufficient bard evidence , a reaction set in at ATIC agains't trying to unravel t he UFO problem. 2 . In Febru ~ry 1949, ATIC personnel oc Project SIG~ were r eplaced witll ne\: personnel to form Project GRUDGE . A definite attempt was made during :!.9 · ~9 to use Project GRUDGE to destroy any acceptance of UPO's . Toe ruotives for this are not clear: possibly Ai r Force embarrassment at being incap ~ble of controlling the situation ltlld/ .• r a fear of national panic prompted USAF to try and remove the problem by denying its exis'tence . An other possibl e motive may have been to provide a breathing space for another " investigative agency" to reach some conclusion ; the agency had been assisting ATIC through 1948 and, contrary to official USAF policy, was maintaining a high level of i nterest during 1949. This governmental agency was not tho FBI , and had rcckct, nuclea~ and intelligence experts ; their purpose was to study UFO reports in an effort to gather design data ou i nterplanetary spaceships . In the light of later developments , this agency was almost certainly the CIA. 3. Project GRUDGE failed to eliminate the UFO problem. UFO r eports in 1949 actually exceeded the number in 1948, and several people ~bo had gained access to earlier official reports were able to contradict the USAF. Journalists generally felt that GRUDGE r eporting represented a cover to a more serious kno~ledge . Eventually, USAF intelligence decided that a fresh approach to the problem was necessary. Between September 1951 and the establishment of Project BLUE BOOK in Narch 1952, UFO investigation regained adequate financial and administrative support to once again analyse the collected data. Project BLUE BOOK vas able to process the daLa from 3 , 200 reports into a form suitable for their consultants to be able to use IBN card- 2 • • sorting machines . 4. The summer of 1952 saw a more than twenty-fold rise in the normal rate of reporting and inclu~ed the two extensive July sigh·tings i nv<'l ving 'fashington D. C. This marked incr ease in sightin!!s had diverse eff.ects . A component of USAF intcliigence considered that UFO ' s were i n te rpl a.neta~y spaceships which we re about to make closer c~utact . To prepare the public for this possibility, 41 previously classified reports were r elP.ased for publication between August 1952 e n~ February 1953 . These reports contradicted the earl ie~ official USAF policy of dismissing the reports as mis identificatinns etc . On the other hand, tho CIA regarded the su~~r UFO activity as a threat to national security mainly because the resulting crnwded communications and defence for ces involvement lessened the lPvcl of national alertness against possible enemy ~tt~ck . 5. A scienti~ic ponel c ha ired by B. P . Robertson was ~o nven ed b~r the Office of Scientific Intalligence c! ~ IA during mid- January 1953 for the purpose of r ecommending future action on the UFO problem. Briefings were n.a.de both by CIA and USil'. ATIG personnel showe(l t~\e then classified two movie films of UFO's and the early resul ts of statistical analysis of 3 , 200 reports . Bacause of the vital i ssues involv ~d , the panel felt re~tricted to recommending that the investigation be continued, but with i ncr eased personnel and equipment . The USAF r esponded promptly with an instrucLion to comply with these recommendations . 6 . The CB, however , in a report dated 16 February 1953 showed a prefer ence to publicly abandon the investigaLion whilst intensifying the collection of data. By September 1953 the CIA position had been l argely achieved wi t h Project BLUE BOOK reduced from a staff of ten qualified personnel operating at a top secret l evel to a virtually inactive project involving one airman. The i nvestigating component had been transferred to the 4602nd Air Inte~ligence Service Squadron vhich was trained in rapid intelligence procurement and reported to Ai r Def ence Command and USAF Intelligence Washington rather than BLUE BOOK . Direct access between the 4602nd AISS and all USAF units was authorized by AFR 200- 2 whereas previously this privilege had boon given to BLUE BOOK . Although only the airman ( first- c l ass ) remained in September 1943 , BLUE BOOK was laLer built up to one officer , one sergeant, one secr etary, and a pa.rL-time·consultant 'I · ·; 3 . @) ~ Dr J . Allen Hynek, staying at about this level until it was closed down in December 1969 . During this time BLUE BOOK served mainly as a means of supplying unclassified summaries of UFO identifications It o the public , and did not form a vital l ink in collection or ser ious analysis. 1 . Control of public awareness of the UFO si tuati0n was tightened by the issuing of JANAP 146 in 1953 which prohibited ser vice per sonnel from di~cussing UFO ' s by threatening defaulters with up to 10 years gaol and up to a $10,000 fine . When service per sonnel resigned or retired, howe~er , 1t was possible to reveal USAF attitude~ o- opinions even if actual dA.ta was still restricte~ . In this way many Intelligence _Offi~ers ~:~.ssoci~te-d-_with the UFO problem, inc l uding Major D. Fournet who was BLUE BOOK Project Officer at the Pen tagon until l ~te 1952, Captain E . Ruppelt who headed Project GRUDGE and Prt1j ect BLUE BOOK until September 1953 and Admiral Hil l enkoetter who directed CIA from its inception until October 1950, on retir ing from the services , all publicly stated that the U. S . Gover nment knc·"-' UFO' s were extra- tcrrestia l but was withholding this f act from the public . 8 . Wh en the National Investigation Committee on Aerial Phenom~na ( NI CAP) was formed in 1956 to counter the publicly suppressed US.~ investi gation of UFO's, the first Chairman was Admiral D. S. Fahrney wh o had directed the Navy's guided missile programme from its incepti on . Apart from Admiral Hillenltoetter , Hajor Keyhoe and Major FournE>t, other Directors have inc:lufled Rear Admi!'al H. B. Knowles, General A. Wedemeyer and Col J .J . 3ryan (who was a special assistant to the Secretary of the Air Force) . To reduce the effect of these a nd similar defections from official policy after retirement, the r evised J~~AP 146E, passed in 1960, made it an offence under the Espionage Act if data on UFO ' s were revealed. 9 . The change in style of USAF report1ng before and after the Robertson panel meeting is clearly indicated in the Project BLUE BOOK Special Report No . 14 . The body of the report prepared between March 1952 and early 1953, although biased in favour of a na~ural expl&nation for UFO' s , nevertheless sho"·ed mathematically that the evidence favoured an explanation that was scientifically unknown . This section of the 316 page report was not released to the public other than as a copy to be consulted, assuming the r eader knew of 4 . . ' ~ its existence . Public distribution was made, however , of a so- called "s ummary" which in fact did not SWTimarisc , nor scarcely allude to the 1947-52 data, but concentrated on 1953-55 reportin~ vhich was cle..~.rly designed to reduce the r esidual unlrnowns to an insignificant number , no matter how senseless the identification became . 10. Within the body of the difficul t-to-ob t.ain repo'rt there is an interesting diagram. The product of the est~matcd ob~ erv P. r reliability and ~he re~ort reliability became the s i ghting r e liability. The percentage of r eports that had to be registered as "unknown" (i . e . incapable of being t.ve~l approximat ely identifiod as a known object) i ncreased as the s ighting reliability impro•1ed. Conversely, t he per centage listed as "insufficient information" decreased with improving reli ability. eightiog No. of Unknown Insufficient Reliability Reports {%) Ini'ormation (%) Poor 435 16. 6 21.4 Doubtful 794 13 . 0 14. 0 Good 757 24 . 8 3 . 6 Excellent 213 33 . 3 4 . 2 11 . Throughout the years of the UFO phenomenon , there bas been a persistent form of official pronouncements which state that the percentage of unknowns would be reduced if more data '•ere a.vaila~le . The above table contradicts t ha t statement . Reports of excellent r eliability generally stem from astronomers , pilots , scientists , surveyors, meteorologists , radar operators etc . complete with instrumented val ues and accurately detailed accounts . The introduction of good reliable reporting pr~vcnts the ready prosaic interpretation . In all probability the overall average percentnge of unknowns (19 . 7%) would have been substantially increased if the deta had been more reliable . 12. Project BLUE BOOK consultants statis tically tested the unknown objec t population to determine tho likelihood that it was similar to the population of identified objects and found that the probability was less than one in 1028 ( i . e . using the American ·. 5. 4f system, the odds were ten thousand trillion trillion to one agnins t. the un1wowns being the same as the knowns) . Since the consultants had arbitrarily called all green fireballs and short duration (i . e . less than five seconds) n~ght-time sightings as known astronomical objects there was an undue preponderance in that catego~y . Hence , assuming that n~ n~ tronomical objects were left in the unknowns, the statistical tests were repeated with astronomical iJentifications removed. Tne odds were reduced to ~n trilliou ~ri llion to one . The analysts could not find a way to reduce tbos<:! odds sufficiently f urther to warrant additional t esting, and irrationally considered the results to be "inconclusive" . 13 . wnile PROJECT BLUE BOOK endeavoured to reduce the official number of unkr.owns - in 1957 they claimed only 14 out of 1,006 sigbtings r emained unidentified - tbe cover t programme expanded considerably. The government agency (al~ost certainly CIA) tha~ had been collecting data on UFO perf o rm~,ce and propulsion methods during 1948-52 presumably influenced U. S . governmental funding vf certain ~dvanced projects . One project was the Canadian Avro sau~er . A drawing of t.his saucer 1 eleased in Gctober 1955 , showed a typical flying disc a~ dec;cribed in many UFO reports . The Secretary of th•~ Air Force, D. A. Q~arles , appeared moderately confident that such a vehicle would be successfully developed by the U. S . 14. A more astounding decision on the part of the U. S . Government was to allocate considerable funds to investigate gravity and a means of controlling gravity. Despite the f act that science bud not atLained .1 l~vel of competence to df'al with either gravity or anti-gravity problems and the only theory that. might be applicabl e was Einstein's Unified Field Theory which was stlll incomplete at the time of his deaLh, the U. S . chose to support six universities and government agencies in an all- out drive to conquer the problem. It is significant that at this time the cu~rent theories on UFO propulsion were a mixture of gravity contr ol and electro-magnetic propulsion. 15. During 1955, because insufficient staff could be recruited for the project, recourse was made to an urgent appeal for theoretical phys)~ists and mathematicians from AERE Harwell, U. K. Th e six Gravity Research Centres being established were at the Institutefor Advanced Study (Princeton, N.J . ), Princeton University, University .. 6. G) ~ of Indiana, Purdue University Research Fo\mdation, University of No rth Carolina and the Nassachusetts Institute of 1'echnology through the (Roger Babson) Gravity Res~arch Ins titute (New Bost,n N. H. ) . The latter institute is a non - pr~fi~ organization foundvd in 1949 with George H. Rideout as Pres~dcnt . It was believed that to make a gravity motor , a gravity differential was required which necessitated the discovery of an i~8ul~tor , deflector or absorber of gravity. By 1955 , 485 essays had been written on this subject and awards totalling $10 , 800 made for c~iginal contributions . 16. The scientists involved incluuod Teller from Univer sity of California, Cppenheimer and F . J . Dyson cf the Institute of Ad vane ed Studies , J . A. Wheeler -aocl Richu.r d ·Arj'iowit't of Prine eton, Vaclay Hlavaty t:·f University of Indiana. {who had worked with Einstein in Prague) and Stanley Dcser. The objective was to control gravity. Durin& 1955 the follow1ug firms entered into gravity and/or electromagnetic programmes : Glenn L. Hartin Aviation Co . (specifically Dr B. Heirn from Goettingen University and Dr P . Jordan from H~uurg University) , Convair of San Diego, Be ll Airc raft of Buffalo, Sikorsky Division, Le ar Inc. of Santa Honica, Clarke Electronics of Pa.lm Springs , California, n.nrl Sperry Gyroscope Division of Great Neck, Long I sland, N. Y. 17. Such an intensive onslaught on the gravi ty enigma was entirely irrational from the standpoint of conventional science , and can only be rationalized within the context of a firm belief that UFO 1 s were real and that the intcllig~nces behin 18. During August of 1965 Project ELUE BOOK received 262 reports wh ich was about six times the average number for a month and was twice any previous month since November 1957 . On 1 I ·. 7 . 28 September 1965 Haj. Gen . LeBailly, Director of Information, formally requested the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board to r eview Project tlLUE DOOK . The r eview sugzested that the limited Project DLUE BOJK staff and the official investigating officer~ did not possess the technical competence ~o properly identify ine phenomena and tloat university teams should be appointed to i nvestigate selected sightings . This conclusion was suppor~ed b~r t he House Armed Services Committee which met on April 5th 1966 i n the shadow of a public furore consequent to the USAF id€nti~ying t he we ll-publicised Hichigan sightings as being swamp gas . The Colarado University was selected for the task and Dr Ed,~ard U. Condon appointed to lead the p~oject with an l n ~tial allocation of $313,000 l ater r aised to $525, 000. 19 . The Colorado project became discredited when Dr Condon stated publicly on 25th January 1967 tila"& "my attitude right now i s thot there's ~othing to it, but I ' m not supposed to reach a concl usion for another year" . The revecling of a memorandum outlining a method to trick the public , combined with a general dissatisfact~on at Condon's biassed a~titude , led to the dismissal and r esignation of most of the staff sftcr most of the i nvestigations had been made but not completely written up. The final report of 9€5 pages lacked coherence . Condon's conclusions were &t variance with indi vidual staff conclusions, although only Condon ' s conclusions were publicised. As a result of the Condon report, USAF closed down Project BLUE BOOK shortly befor e the American Association for the Advanceu.ent of Science held a special meet.ing to counter- act the effect of the Condon report. The Chairman of the Special 0ommitte~ , Dr Thornton Page, was one of the signatories to the Robertson report . 20. Dr J . Allen Hynek, scientific consul tant to Project Blue Book 1948- 69 , began his association with a conviction that all sightings could be conventionally explained. Even though doubts grew in his mind , be found himself obliged to support official USAF public policy. Since 1966, ho~ever , he bas become more outspoken against the USAF attitude and has assisted to convene both congressional hearings and scientific symposia on the subject . Although initially supporting the Condon Committee he became disillusioned and critical of it with the passag0 of time . It is quite clear that Dr Hynek along with many olhcr reputable scientists do not accept the USAF explanation of misidentification , hysteria or ho o.x . 8. RAAF ATTITUDE TO UFO ' s The Directorate of Air Fo r ce Intelligence is the compone~t of the RAAF that is responsible for the analysis of all official r eporting of Unidentified Flying Objects . At no stage has ther e been more than one part- time officer allocated to this task. Initial investigation of reports is often under taken by a part- time investigator from near- by air bases . The RAAP admits that its inter ests lie solnly i n the area of air defence and it lacks both interest and competence to consider the scientif ic aspects . A 1957 request for the Scientific I ntelligence secti~ n of J:B to ~ccept UFO r esponsibility was r ejected by JIB. In 1968, the Departrnen~ cf Air stat ed that it i ntended '' to take up further t he question of Commo nwealth departments , e . g . Defence, S up~ ly , Educati on and Science, Prime Hioister ' s Department etc . to see whether scme other Commonwealth Agency is better placed to assume r esponsibi lity for Unidentified Flying Objects . At t he same time ve wou l d maintain our interest in the matter and work with any other Commo n~~alth agency vho is considered to be more appropriate as a co- ordinating agency for the Commonweal~h as a whole" . There does not a}pear to have been any f ulfillment of this intent1on to seck Commonwealth assi stance . 2 . In support of the RAAF's admission of scientific disinterest, an i dentification list of all sightings made between 1960 and 1965 contains 15 i dentifications of Venus , not one of which i s va l i d . In every case Venus was in a totall y different part of the sl 3 . I n general , the RAAP attitude has been guided by the USAF publ i c rel eases which were aimed at al l aying public i nterest by denying the reality of UFO ' s . Consequently, most ~f the Au stralian r eports were given identifications without a great concern for r ational correlation. Most investigators and collectors regarded their UFO tasks as an intrusion into their more legitimate tasks . As a result, there has been a negligible scientific analysis of the data and most opinions expressed by DAFI have been lar gely a reflection of the USAF publ ic attitude . With the present reduced staff of DAPI ·. 9. it i s unlikely thut UFO reports will receive any treatment beyond filing . J ·. 4 . If Au ~tralia is to follow the U.S. lead, instead of " fol lowine the public USAF attitude , it would b~ prPferablc to follow the USAF/CI.A role of concentrating on gaining a knowledge of t he po~er sources involved. However, it may be preferable to act inuependenLly of the U.S. and initiate a programme that is scientific~lly sound and intellectually honest towards unravelling the UFO my~tery . In such a venture, it may be worthwhile working somewhat clo~er to the public than is usual in the U. S. and U. K . .: APPENDIX 11J\" CHRO~OLGGY OF U. S . IXVESTHiATION TNTO U. F. 0. PIIE~OHE'\A Ev<>nt 24. 6 . 47 Arnold sighting of nine "saucers" creates public iotere'>~ . 6 .47 I nve~tigntions iniL1ated by Air Technicnl Intelligencti CcnLre (A11C) of Air Material Command (A~C , Arm~ Air Forces) at Wri~hL-Pat.lerso n .dir Force Dase ncar DayLon, Oh1n . Initially Soviet ad~anced aircra!t were suspected. 26. 7 . 47 National Security Act creaLes both the USAF and CIA . 2J . 9 . 4 7 Lt Gen . T,,, i.ning ( A.NC) requested the Commande1· Army Air ..t<'orces to issue nn authority, priority and code name fer the investigation of "flying discs" . Preliminary conclusions by MIC were that the phenomon ...... 3re "rca 1 and noi. vis~onary or f ic:..lLious" , that the oujocLs were mostly disc-shaped about i,hc size of man- mace o.j -rcro.ft and •.:ere i n tollig~ n tl~· controllecl. Any U. S. attempt tc design 1\ircrafi. of s1mjlvr performance would be cosLly, time- consum1ng and dctrimectal to other proJects . Investiga.t irws by ANC '''o ~.;ld <'On tinue pendinR further advice . 30. 12 . 47 AuthorJ ty given to ANC to investigate the phenomena on a prior1ty 2A basis under the code- name Project Sign. Minimum classification was Rest ·icted , reports ~ere to be m&de quarterly and data exchang~o with interested parties . 15 . 1. 48 USAF officially a separ ate service . 22 . 1. 48 Project Sign starts officially. 24 . 1 . 4 8 Ncar-collision bet¥~ec DC3 and UFO prompt ATIC to write an Estimnte of the Situation. 9 . 48 The Tor Secret Estimate was forwarded Lo the Pentagon. The conclus ion that UFO's were of interplnnc!nry origin was not acceptable to the Air Force Chief of SLarf (Genel·al Vandenhc1·g) who insisted on d emonstrable pt·oof noL circumsta;J't.ial evidence . ATIC ,,•as unable to n·ovide UPO hard\v8.l' t! or de~ailcd photographs. · 13 . 12 .48 Dr J . E . Lipp of the Rand Cot·pora tion rcrl ied to the Director or Research and Development, USAF , that if the flying objects ¥ere inter-planetary they would most likely originate from Nars although intelligent life as we kno'-' it would "be more occupied ¥Jth survival than we are on EarLh'' . O~r preseut technology cannot conceive as Lo ho" an 1nter-stellar r ace could r each Earth, even thou~h it is conceded tho~ there is a high probo.bili ty that intelligent life does exist within say 16 light- years from Earth. 1. 49 USAF orders Project Si&n to become Project Grudge "'hich should tctminatc before the end of 194 9 . Pinal report of Project Sign (TR- 227~-IA of the Technical I n telligarco Division ANC) recommended Lhnt o~ly a min imum effort be devoted to reco1d1ng , ~ nalyzing and eval uaLing reports , but on the other ha.nd w~ere factual 2 . evidence such os photogra11hs , r o..do.r , physical evidence o.nd dnt.u. on size> and shnpc is illvolvc 11 . 2 . 49 Proj~ci. Sign officially becomes Project Grudge . Accor•'!.int;: to Rup_>cl t 1 Sign personnel c i Lher volun Leered. to leave a were compelleu to lc 8 . 49 Secret Technical Report ~o . 102 AC 49/15-100 "Unider:tifie 27. 12. 49 Depnrt1.10 nt of Defense news rele ... se stated that the Ah· Force's · flying saucer project had beer terminated . 3 . 50 PubJicat..ion of a report , r>rcvio;.:sly clcnrcd by the U. S . Army , d~scribing the tracking of a UFO by an of fi cj al tc!l!tl led by Comma.cdet· NcLa.ughhn n.t. the Vlut.e S~nds (mi ssile) provin~ ground . From the tracluug dat.a, it \o.'as co n c lude~ that the UFO required an cxtrnl.t>rrestial origin . 14 . 9 . 51 On lea.·ning that A'l'IC was not investigating UFO 1·eports, the USAF DlrccLor of Intelligftnre (General Cahill\ ordered Pr oject Grudge to be revital ized. This was acted upon at once . 27. 10. 51 Project Grudge no~ headed by Capt . Ruppelt . 3 . 52 Project Grudge 1enamed Project Blue Boolt . By thjs stage tha staff hnd built up to 10, alJ "'it.h Top ePcret cH!nrances.tlnd a highly qualified research group of consultants provided expertise . As part of Project SLork, this research group (RAND is a possibility) start«'d to transcribe data onto IBN ca1ds for future analysis . 29 . 4 . 52 Air Force Letter 200-5 ordered all USAF units to wire UFO reports direct to ATIC with a. copy Lo t.he Pentag..>n . Project Blue .Book vas permitted to cont.a.ct any U3AF unit liirectly; a l lowing rapid investigation. June-Aug . 52 During 1948- 51 the average monihly number of reports was 15 but dur·ing June, July and August of 1952, the average was 337 including 53b during July. The UF0 1 s were ~ot only seen in greater numbers, but there ~as a greater number of reliable witnesses . Several sensitive Atomic Energy Comm~ssion plants and defence units were subjected ~o close approaches . Defence cor:1munications "·ere bP1ng over Loaded and there \o.'t're fears that U. S . reaction time aca:inst. t'nemy action "'as being hindered . · 19/26 . 7 . 52 Two series of radar- visual sightings over Washington Xational airport, the Capitol and WhilL House clactrifi~d the nh~iun . As a result of the upsu1ge of interest. in scicntiiir and miliLnry circles , the inLerplanetary hypothesis gained ground despiLe official efforts to explain awny t.he sightings . . J . •21. 8 . 52 USAF slu.rted releasing ATIC rep<'rts t.o l.he UFO aut.l.or, Ha.jor 1.\cyhoe, rot· pt..blicntton . 'fh :.s "'as n compl dely unP-x}cci~d cl·au •~£· of r.cli<')' . The contcn.,s of these reports refui ul i he public pronounct~mcn.:; made hy the USAF . In adlljlion a USAF spokesman agreed that. the attempt to expJ uin l.he 't.·ashingion sirrht.ingl" al" flue to anomalous propngntion could not be upheld . 21. 11 . 52 CIA arranged four government. sci~ntists to meP.i At A~IC for three days as a prcl1minary review panel to d&cide ~n recommendations for a higher-level panel of six scier.tists . 14/17 . 1.53 The Office of Scientific lut.clligencc , C!A, convened i:: W ashin~ton D. C. , a panel of six scicnList.s , Drs li . P . Robertson (Chairman) , Luis Alvarez, Lloyd Berkn~r , Samuel A. Goudsmit, Thol'nton Page and one ol.hcr. After thr.:e days of evidence, a. t ,,·o-page secret rep.a·t that was pr c!1arod on the fourth day, concluded that there '-' US no di r oc 1. Lhreat Lo national securi. ty but that tl.ere '"£t:s an indir·cct threat to "the orclet·ly functionjng of the protactive or gans of the body politic" . lt was recommenden that natiora.l security agencies sh~ulc "strip the liPO's of tlle spec io 1 c;tntus t.he.} have been gi \' CD" and. to educ·ate l.he public accordingly. 16 . 2 . 53 CIA i~surd a larger but sti l l secret report on 1he mc~ting , summadsing the eight half-day sessions and outlining panel members' individual viewpoints . The lack of a.r~ifacts of c l ear ex.tra.- terrcstial origin "''a3 a strong argument agaii1S t. acc~ptance of th~ extra- terrestial hypothesis . lh~ panel agreed l·:i th CIA concern t.hu t en~my artifacts may be mi side~t.ified by U. S . defence personnel , that emergency r eporl.ing channels be overloaded al"d that the public may become vulnerable to ene ~y pfiycholog1cal warfurc . The public should be educated to recognise balloons, meteors etc . and a polic.} of "debunking" should be introduced in order to r educe J:Ublic interest. This "training a.nd debunking" progr amme wo uld be required for "a minimum cf one and one half to ·Lwo years" . "Some expansion of tho ATIC effort wo uld certainly be requi,;: ~ d t.o support. su~b a programme" . A professional stnff of 12 suppo1~ed by an administratir~ staff was suggested . . 53 Section III, Title 18 of the Joint Army , Kavy ond Air Force Publicntion (JANAP 146) legislated thaL service personnel talkinn about UFO sigbtings ~ere liable l.o 1- 10 years gaol and/o1 a fine of up to ~10 , 000 . 26 . 8 . 53 Air Force Regulation (AFR 200-2) rPmo~es investigation authori iy from 1'roject Blur· Book in favour of the Air Defence Command's 4602 Air Inl.clligcncc Service Squadron! a unit dispersed over aren commands, ond trained both for r apid access to remote areas and to interrogate enemy personnel . The Air Force requires immed1nte report1ng to evaluo tP the threat, and de t a iled 1cporting to assist technical analysis . All writlen rurort~ ore to bp sent to USAF Intelli~ c nce in Washingion, mainland reportH first going t.o Air Defense Commnnd for disl.rihut1on to "lnteeestctl i nvcs l.igai.i ve agencies" . Elec tl·ical reports arc addressed to both l.hcse headquarters and to ATIC . The public is to be inrormed of the results of indi,1dunl cases only when .. "the object is positively idenLifiod us a famiJinr object" • 4·. Headc]\tartcrs USAF will release sumnmries of evaluated data to the public . 9 . 53 Wher. the head of Projt•ct Blue Brol~ depnrtt•cl , the starr was reduced to JU~t one air~an (fir~t-clnss) . All instr.lmentallon plans bnd been ne('nled except for diffraction camer as which had bncn shown lo be usele&~ . 1.12 . 53 The d i.stribulion of 275 diffrnc Lion-grating ca;nerF~.s (200 to U.S . bases and 75 to ovrrseas bases) ~as G~m,let•d . 17 . 2 . 54 Airline pilots at a meeting at ~he Roosevelt Hotel, HoJ 1.)"'-'0od ~·er-:? coerced by military intelligence us j nt! JANAl' 146 to agree to noi informing the public of thd r sightings , and confine their re{lo riing to official cJt..J.DDP ls . 15 . 5 . 54 USAF Chief of Staff, General Nathan Twining , ~tated "The best urains in the Air Force are working on this pr~~J~m of Uni.dcnt.ificd Flying Objects , Lrying to solve 'this riddlv" . General Twining, •1as noL r eferring to Project Blue Book . 10 . 6 . 54 Deputy Commncdar of Int el ligen ~u at ATJC, Colon~l O'Nara, state-l that more than a thousand people were working on the problem. 2.2. 55 William P . Lear, Chairman of Lear Inc ., SaPta ~·ionic a stat~?d that because of flying saucers , serious efforts ':ere bei~g mad~ in the U. S . to proYe the c:x.1sLon~.:e of anti- gro.vita"!.ional f o1·ces . 23 . 8 . 55 Revealed that the U. S . Govcrnmc:rl L had talt.:en over the Canadian Avro 'flying saucer' projecL. This was a circular aerofoil poherPd by jets and designrd to tuhe-off and land vertically, hover , travel ai. 1500 mpl1 o.nd change direct1on r apidly. The design spccificnlions for performance and shape were clearly directly relaL~d to UFO reporting . The project ~as started in 1951-52 tmd in 1954 after 3400, 0CC had been spent, the Canadian Go' ernmrn t, ~· i thdre'" its financial hacking. \\'he:.1 t he U.S . assumed control over t~:a pro j~ct it imposed a high lc,cl of sccuriL~, preventing avec Canadinn official s from inspecting the premises . At the press release meeting on 25 October 1955 fer the Sp~cial Report No . 14, photographs of a drawing of the proposed version sho,,ed a typical flying disc . 25 . 10 . 55 Release of Project Blue Book Special Report No . 14 dated 5 Nay 1955. The report '"as originally compiled by Project Blue Book research consultants "'I!O .tna.lysccl 3,200 reports out of 4 , 0CO received by the end of 1952 . These resulls vere used to brief the Robertson panel in Jan . 1953 . To this basic 316 page report , a 3 p."lge so- called "summary" has beer. added dealing mainly with th~ 1953- 55 period and dismissing UFO' s as mainly mis idl 24. 12 . 59 Inspc:tor-Gcnernl of Air Force circulates classified "UFO ' ~ Sl)t'ious Business" in an effort. to stimulate and im~~o'le Lhe rcporl1ng of U~O's . Investigating offic~~s arc to br cqu1ppcd ~ith g~igrr counters as ~ell ns a cam~ 1 u , binoculars and sampling con t:.ai n•'rS . . 60 JAN\P l46C invokes espionage l aws Lo prevent t~e r e ~ anJihg of UFO datn. 28 . 9 . 65 Follo"ing Lhe August peah: of UFO activity, the USAF Office of Infotmati on r equests a review of Project Blue Boo~ 3 . 2 . 66 USAF Sc icntific Advisory Board Ad Hoc Commi ·ttce reviorcrl Project Blue Book. Al though the ~omm t ~tee consid~rcd most unidcntifieds '"ere due to inadcquL\lc nnttlysis, they ol~o acC'u scd Hlue 3ook of identi1'yu1g objcc ts "'·:hen t he Pvirlence collected ~·ns too meagre or Loo indefinile" . It ~.;a::; r ecommended tha t. University conlrncLs be made and t~at more scientifically trained inveztig3Lors b6 used . 5 . 4 . 66 U. S . Congrcs£ IIou=:c Committee on Arm e:d Services recommends that Project Blue Book repo1ts be investiga~ed by University contract . 6 . 6 . 66 Dr H e Donald reads Robertson (complete) report which had beeP dec lassificd under 12 year r•tl <:! . 20. 6 . 66 Rob ertson rcrort reclassified. Second sanit]aed version iSSl'Cd . 19 . 9 . 66 AFR 80-17 replaces APR 200-2 a.uJ. t ransf ers responsibiliLy from I ntelligence to Research and D~vcloFment . Para 12(L) states "Air Force eche l on!'i receiving suspec t co or nc h1nl UFO material '-'ill safeguard iL to lH·event ony defacing or al ternlions wtich m1gbt reduce ils value for intelligence examination and aDalys1s" . 6 . 10. 66 Contrac t signed with Colorado University. 29 . 7 . 68 U. S . Congress Hot1Se Cornmi tt(.!c on Sc icnce and Astronau l.ic s held n one- day symposium on TJFO ' s u L '"llich many prorri11ent scientists tes t:.ifiecl in favottt· of UFO ' s beiog real a11d r cquhing international inv~st.ignlion . 8 . 1. 69 Condon report published. Condon ' s conc lusions were not supported by the slaff conclusions . • 69 J . Allen Hynek ' s contract as Scientific Consultant on UFO ' s to the USAF Project Blue Book was not rene~ed (after 21 years) 17. 12. 69 Project Blue Book closed do~n . 26/31 . 12. 69 The American Association for the Advancement of Science met at noston to discuss uT-O's . One outcome ~as a resolu~ion appealing for Blue Book dntn to be released . APPENDIX "B" CHRONOLOGY OF RA.A.F HITOLVENEN'!' WI TH liFO's Event 17.1. 51 Firs t pro-forma f or UFO sightings issued. 18.5. 53 Lt Col George A. Uhrich, USAF Assistant Air A tt~che of the U. S. Embassy approached D/DAFI with a requesL f or UFO r e~orts to be sent to the U.S . 20.7. 53 Lt Col Uhrich stated that t~e U. S . is very intercst~d in UFO r eports from all over the world - (despite t~e official U. S . viewpoint that UFO's arC' the r~sult of m ;sidentific ~tions , hysteria or hoaxes) . Sightj n ~ detail s were requested to be s ignalled ~ith photos~ drawings etc . to follo" by mai.l . As a result, the RAA F produced a new pro-forma. 20. 11. 53 In a reply to a question in the House of Reprc::>entatives , the !ofinister for Air stated that "the RAAF makes detailed investigations of every such report it received" . 15.3.55 Deputy Chief of Air Staff would not permit th~ appcint ment of a full-time investigetor of UFO sightings . 2.11.55 Mi nute from A/ DAPI to D. Ops stating that the RA~F was no; undertaking detailed i f"v e~tigntions as had been indicated by the Minister in ~ovember 1953 , and that so~ e form of investigation s hould be made . 4 . 11. 55 On r eceiving Special Project Report No . 14 and its Summary from the U. S ., A/DAFI stated t haL " the general tone is that the USAF consider 11 Flyiog Saucers • do not exist" . Th e Special Repor t was laLer destroyed . 1. 4 . 57 DAFI for~ally requested JIB to accept the UFO commitmc~t as the n e~ ly formed Scientific Intelligence section wouln be more capable "than anyon 9 i n this Directora:f;e" . 4 . 66 RAAF publish a list of iden tifications of all UFO sightings from 1960 to 1965 . 3 . 6 . 68 Let t er from A Sec A to Minis t er for Air stated that the primary interest in UFO's was with Air Defence and the RAAF has not been concerned with the scientific nature of such sightings . 15 . 1. 70 In view of the termination of Project BLUE BOOK , DAFI ' c onsidered that the RAAF might reduce their effort. . ' ,. I IUTRO:DUCTIOIT The follo··in; data have been e;ctr~ct~d "ro!'l e. list o!' 1000 reporto o! l~ndin:o o:: near l~ndi~:j coo :led by Jacques Vallee, a phycicist en~u~~d in cooput~r =-search and r.or~inb with Pro.:'cosor :::,.·ne:: , the :JSA.F consultant on U!'O ' s , at :rorth ~eotern Univcroity, Illinois. The inforontion nuc...;ests the existence of th::ee """."T eapon 11 oyste:Js - (1) a device to interfere qith electrical circuits (2) n device to induce paralysis (3) a heat ray. There is circuoste.ntial evidence t h~t thcoe weapons e.re at times used delibe~ately , althouch oootly in a dcfenoive role. A number of =~?orts al:ege that e. lone car at ni?ht hno been follo.:ed, and after ":leing stop~H~d by a beat1 1 soce ;cind of inte:: actioo has develo?ed ~et:een the car occu?anto and landed craft occupant::~ . I n formation is included ~hich deale ~ith r esidual effects on the environocnt o~ the l~~ded cr~!'t . It io these residual ef!'ects r1hich of~e:: the greatt:!st potent ial ro71crd to scienti ~ic inv cotisat~on at t~is stage. Case No . Descri"ltion 102 After engine stall , strona li"'ht vioible in \'roods with eithor - sul~hur smell . Body prioklinss ~hen approac hinc li:;ht , :1ad to stop, lo t b..,l~.nce O"'Y 1::e.l tim~o , or:.::; 10 1 hum~noid ~t 10 ya::ds . La~o:: o~ho-e of liaht rose , pendulun suing , lu~inouo trail . 132 Car could not be started until c 45 ' die~ . di3c uith dome c.~"ld :=otatine lL.;hto had :eft the ground. Lart;c , bro7n ci~culer S?Ot left OD cr ~ oo . 207 Red nnd b:~e ci6ar diroctod an i n tanoo blue truc~~=ive:: . ==zine and h~ad : iahto di-d . 232 Encine end hendlighto of mil~ - t:uc: died . Dri •;a :: sec- =. licht above ~1~ . After li~~t crooood r oad , head:ig~to caoe on and t::uc~ could be rc- otarted . 234 ~lec~::ic o~oc~ as c - := headliGhtc die d . Thic~ cyli=d::iccl cr.ft 50 y~::~s ~~ay . 3 d~ar~~ . 3oth Ditneeses ?a=~:~o- : until cra:t left. 257 Red fi:=o~all fleu low over ccr ao encine and headli,hto died . , . '. 2 C se no • Deacri"ltion • 259 " Upoide- doqn plate" seen at oo.:::tc t i::1e o.s ootocycle stalled. 260 Object fleu over car aa hecdli~hta di ed. 273 Truck on~ine sl owed do~ n and d rive: felt par alysed , bro~n obj e ct 33 ' long , 8 ' high in f i alrl near r oad . 274 One of ~our objects about 1000 1 up , fell in dead- leaf motion 300 1 ~ ay, rritness !colo cl~ctr ic ohock as engine an d co.r lichts die . Car a t op~cd ca object touched ~ro~ n ~ . Paralyo-d. ~ar f . Headli~hts c~oe on by theose l ves ~ ~ d then cra:t took off. 294 Road ahe ~d blocked by an inv erted cone 6 Engine died . Paralysed. 299 L ar~c bull o~ f i r e flew near c ~r , violent ai r dioplnce::1ent , battor.y Jond , headlis hto burnt out . 300 llan and child felt painful pricklin sa like electric s~oc~s incrco.oin 0 as car vent on. Suddenly entiine died ~nd li~cts we nt off. 3linding strong red licht fron obj e ct ho ~ c ri~~ above road . ~11 no r :::tal "hen it dent . 306 3cc s~=ped object took off from side of road as ootor scooter encine died. 312 Orance cr ~ft , 20 ' diam. fle\1 over ao t r cctor engi~e died , lighto oqt, battery dead . 314 Two witnesses feel electric chock as bri6ht obj ect !lies over low : engine and lizhto co off. 317 Uotor cycle failed near elon;atod ob ject in pasture . 323 Li Ghts of a tractor go out eo 20 1 ov al object leaves the ground . E~tted light bri;ht =a ~older ' s t orch , oound o! s~c.r a of ·oecs. 333 blue disc caoe close to mo torcycle , and electrica! syotoo failed. ~itness felt pr ic ~ lin ~o in his hands dosoi tc Gloves , •. nd '·7=s unable t o mo ve 01: speak for fe·.v oinuter; . Jhcn blue light turned off , able to start again. 341 Ital y . :Sca.:n of r e d light ::mopt countryside for abo:.tt an hour, illuoinat~d t~o trnctoro , ~et rol one stalled, di~sel c ontinued. 393 Ao ooto~Jcle suddenly :ailed, =idcr sees 65 1 di~c ce~cen= with ooun~of ai= escaping ~ r o. a v nlve . d l ift dc=cen;~d froo b~oe a l~os t to bround c on tcinin~ :::tan qho invited rider in::~iae . 399 50 ' Qi~o . blc.ck bell chased by ci vi ~ic.n in car. z~~ine stalled ·.7i,cn 10 1 ar:ay. Unuc-·nc:.th loo:.. ed l i ke di:Jc ni th fino . Sound~d l ike helicoptc~ . C~r battery co mrl~taly dead. 3 • Case No . DescriT' tion zc ' ...l .,v( 410 Bricht object that lit countrysi c e ca~e to~rirou nd as true ~ stalled. 500 1 diam. and 1)0 1 deep with dome with lonG e.eri~ and r~d licht on top. 1 small beincs looked doiTn. 413 Indi an~ . Silver dish hov ered over t ractor ; enGine died ~~e dish roce . 414 Villas- 3oas. Petrol tractor engine died just a fter cx~ft had landed . 417 Oval object 16 1 long 10' high , ~roy green with lett ~ rin g on it, blockin~ road , flashed a beam of l ieht at c a r and e~erted strono enoueh pressure t o stDJ it 5 yards from craft. Witno~o esca!)es from haat wav e in cc.r as i ·t catches fire and is destroyed . Diesel sound c~ it eoes . 418 Flash of light from a 40 1 " su.bmc.rine" c oincided with failure of car headlichts . ''1~ -~i.. tJ .J ·-. 41 9 Ltany re!)orts of 200 ',~ object rrith bri cht light, int e rfer ~iig with car ignitions oncl crec!t.1.j a """ -'t of ).u.l. 1/,¢ t"~ '"~ I 425 dhen egg -s ha~e with humj ine sound l it ce.r , Aclock and a wristwatch stopped . 427 Egg- sha?e in a blue he.zion bee.chJ ~our car engines stalled . Two men left egg , asked questions , returned , took off and c ars c culc be started e.ge.in. 439 Car encino d i ed as car a pproached e. hovering 50 1 lonc object . Started aGain ~hen object left. 448 Briaht liJht like me r cur y lamp a~nce.red ahead : as crash see ed i mminent , car s lowed down by itself and stop~ed . Abo7e was a 50 ' di s c emitting a cu=rcnt of hot air and a hieh pitched sound . As object rose , car started by itself. 454 Laroe sh~'e with luminous pole by roadside : car at3llcd , lichto off . Two figures disa~peared , then object to o~ o~~ s p i nninc; . Car could then be otartod. Snow at site was me lted . 49 5 Bri~ht flyin:: object passed low over car , engine stalled. UFO l anded in den se wood out of eight . 524 The Barney ~ Betty Hi l ls a.f~a ir . 538 Engine f~iled when approa.c~ing 130 1 long 50 1 high cylin~er which had landed on the ro ~d . 2 men . 539 l.Iotorcycle engine faile d whe n tall being appeared. 571 Car otop,ed ~hen 20 yar 3s fro: object , a t sa~e time bcin~ blinded ~Y a li3ht a s br i ~ht a.c c. ~elder ' s torch. 607 Car could not be s t arted ~hile ~tructu=3less ball of fire (30" dian) ·trc.s within 2 or 3 y~rcs : f car. 4 Case Uo . Descri")tion 633 Cadillac engine failed , then sart a "mushroom or electric bulb" 80 1 tall , 25 ' wide , 4 ' above nround. Hoise like a vecuun cleaner, neto.llic grey, red- o:::.'o.n,,o light one side, blue on other. 673 HeadliGhts of t:::.'uc~ b linked and failed . Then 16 1 d ., 5 ' h oranae object landed 100 ' do~n the roa.d. Car c ooinc fro~ opposite direct ion ho.d to leave the road to avoid object 681 Hum:ning noise hear d , then 10 1 hiGh object rtith cho.nging coloured lights landed ahead of c a r blocking the ro o. d o.s c ar engine stalled. Object as wide as road . Three huoo.n occupants seen inside. 712 Engine , l i e hts and r adio suddenly cut - out before witness s o.rr 30 1 tall , 10 ' diameter "rocket " sitting on fins on the r oad ahea.d . Three odd creature s o.ftc r inspecting critnes= returned und e:::.' rocket and d i sa p~ ear c d into the intense l i ght ; ODj e ct rose s trai s ht up 400 yards ~it h ~ i G h - p it ched hum; car non normal automa tically (including encine start ing by itsel~) . 720 15 year old driving 2~st saw an object 30 yds ahead , 6 1 above road . En.;ine died , object glo:red red , >1itneos losit conscious:1e On au~eninn , t r uck was in di tch f ~ci ng East . 721 25 1 diem. craft , supporting a cone nith a flashing e rocn l i ght , hovere d juot above the road . En3ine could be r est art ed uhen obj ect left . Sulphur or r ottLn e cg s nell. 738 Trro rrocen zee object a pp roa c hin~ , engine and lishto ! oil , objec fl i o o ov ~ r cu.r and hove rs 40:J ;rdn c.:Iay. After 10 minutes , C('. r coulJ be started. Object g lo rr ~ d uith intense red light . 739 ~an d( rivin3 60 m:ph meets 23 1 lona d o.~ : c rey oval body ~ith r-J 30 lights around peripher y •.n d 3 ' above road on a hil ::. - t op. Obje ct leave s as car engine and l i J hts die . The lic ht bul~had t o be r epl aced. 746 Eneine died as gre en object rtider than roa d came ct hie~ speed with shrie!{ and heat uav e . 812 Truck engine s t alled. Inte nse lic ht seen to right e n ~ it noos got out to i~o pe ct . The l i ght c oco closer and landed on the roa d on a. tripod. It rras no~ s een to bc 80 ' in dia:ne t ei' ~nd 30 1 h i Gh · Some thinG lite an e ! c v ~ tor came d o ~n ~ith a ~an in blue coverall s . 832 Car stalled, lights ~ent out. 30 ' diame t e r object hov ering low ove r c a r , s ound of electi" ic ~ otor emitting s parks and a s me ll of sulphur a nd camphorated oil. ~ hen object to o ~ off, car r o c l~ed o.:1d :- ul led. Pers?irc.t i on and o ~ci n peelin:; occur::ed after 1 2 hours . 848 Vehiclec stalled i n vicinity of bril liant , tr ~ ns p ~r c nt cuchroom - shaped obj e ct hav ing occupantc tri t h c a t - like faces . :-. uad r ~nGul o. r protuberance undernec.th . 891 Ele ctric al syotem (ent;ino , ligh to , r .;.dio) bro!re d o~1 21 . Jt.lll object 3een 300 1 away. Rest o! journey in a trc.nce . I 5 Case ITo . Descrintion 893 Car failed , looked up litiht bean from 30 ' diameter mushroo~ . 11o recall of stopping or starting. I 896 Lights and radio blac~ed out , but n ot diesel engine , cs 10 1 lons egG seen 50 ' aday. J agu~:r :r ~ ~ opp. directio3 also stopped. Green l i ght f r o~ obj~ct,W:~itish do~e underneath . Hov ered 2 nins . then left . 54 cases NOTES Oli IG1ITTIO~T ?.\.ILU::tE 1 · Diesel v er~us ~etrol en~ i ne (a.) Case 341 Beam of r ed light ill uninatcd t~o tractors ; the petrol one stalled , and the diesel tractor con tinued . ( b) Case 896 Diesel t r uck . Li~hts , r_dio fail , but not the engine . These cases indicate that petrol engine :ailure may b~ due to the loss of ignition spark. 2 . Associatad bc<>.ms seen (a) Caoe 207 Intense blue light directe d a.t driver (b) II 232 Li;ht comin0 fron cbovc truck (nay or nay not oc associate d) (c) II 300 Blinded by a stronc ~ed light , turninG orcn;e . ( d) It 33 3 Started again "as soon a::; the blue light uas turned off. 11 (e ) II 341 Deal!l of red light .;wept countrysid e , illucinated tuo t ractors , one stalled. (r) II 417 lleam of light flcohcd at co.r , stallinc and stO)J:? ing it. Heat wave . (g) II 418 Flash o£ light :'roc object coincided ·.7i th car ignition failure . (h) II 4 25 Object ill uninc ted c~= , engine , clock ~n d rrr:st uatch stoJ>ped . (i) II 571 Blinded by stronc ~i~ht a.: car Guddenly sto?~ed . (j) II 893 Strong li::;ht ':Jo~ cined r.t C. riv9r. These caocs suc ~s st that craft occupatits deliberately s~t out to stop the vehicle and not merely thnt the vehicle entera a protective field . 6 3 · Associ.,t d elcct:=:ic s~ocks (a) Caoe 234 Shoe!= as lish t::; die . Cr~ft 50 m. aw ay. 'l·.-:o witnesses . (b) II 274 shock as ent;ine and l:.t;hts die . Craf t 100 m. auay. One wi tncs::J . (c) II 314 Shock as engine and li ~ ht s die. Craft flyinG low ov erhe:\d. Two pe~pl o . These throe c~scs ind icate t hat an eloc t =ic field capable o~ being felt :;ithin ~cond uctor rras as~ocic.tod ;;ith the engine failu=c . \Thy only t hr"e cc:::cs? ".7ere these people ::10rc susceptible? Hc.ve others failed to :=:cport this effect? 4 . Damaged elcct:=:ic a.l system (a) Case 299 Batte ry flatte ned, liGhts burnt out when ba ll of fire fl err cl ooo onour,h to car to ca.u::Je violent air dis?lccoccnt. (b) II 312 Tractor b a tte:=: y flattened by orange cra ft f l~~ n over. (c) II 399 Dayti~e chase of 50 ' black bell ended ~ith a stall 10 1 off. Batter~ ~lat . (d) II 139 Car at 60 mph nenrl y col lides ui t h object. Bulbs burnt out . These cases sujcest that rrhen to o close ~ approach is ::lade , the otrenat h o! tho field can flat~cn the b~t~~ry and burn out the bulbs if litihto rro~c in the circuit . T~io in turn ougcests th~~ the interf e rin ~ bcac or field cay induce a.n o~~oo in u e . m. f . in t he b~tt~:=:~ 5 . Onerati on of crnft during " att c!:" (a) Caeca ~he~ c=aft ap:;Jc r.= to 300, 333 , j,l3 , 414 ' 425 , deli bc:..-ate ly 11 buzz 11 vehicle( 0) ~ 448 , 738 , 832. (b) Caoco uhcn craft may hove e.ccid- ~ 23 2 ' 257 , 260, 299 , 312 , enta.:O.y 'bu~~cd ' ( 9) 314 , 341 , 495 , 746 . (c) Ce.oco ~henc r a ft la.nded durinc ~27 4 , 393 , 410, 414 , 495 , 6 o= after the stall (9) GO l , 738 , 812 . (d) Cc~c~ ~he~ cr aft ~ait~d in 0. p99 , B9 , 721 , 739 , 39!, hovc::inc code (7) 893 , 096 (e) Caoes ole~ craft ::ai tcd ncc.r ~234 , 27 3 , 306 , 317 , 323 , t he roa.d·::ey (9) 418 , 427 , 454 , 633· ( r) C~"Jes ..-:hc!l craft '.'Tai ted on the ~ 2Q.1 ' n 1 , 530, 571 , 71 2 , r o::.d :o::: victi::::t (6) 720 . ( g ) Ca.oos •::he~ craft l anded on (673 , 681 , 812 . r o:'..d in front of s t alling ( vehicle (3) ( 7 The overall icp=onsion gained :ro~ thonc canes is that the occupants o: the c=~.:t ::Jon:;ly cut tho ic;nition :::y:::te!:l:; deli.b~::::-."; c >· and the failure ic ~ot ::Je=ely a ~receutionary o~~s~re due to the inadvertent clooe a pproach of a vehicle to a cra:t ~hile it io ~oi~c; about its rorocl buoiness. The ovidenceio :::t:::on~ that the phenoceno is not ~crely a aide- effect of some propulsion syateo, althoush thi::: possibility may oxiat for ve ry c l ose o.p!,)ro aches and high power trJ;:o off ( see Case 413 ) . 6. Ranse of opcr:'.tion of isnition cuttin1 device The evidence so far av aila":lle 3U~ ,..c sts th~t this 11 rTeepon" is used at r cn;co o: up to 100 oetres . 7. Significant C"3CS (a) Cace 418 . l.lil itary and civilio.n rritne.Jaes re9ortod a. subm ~. rino ohaped object at ground level with a figure nearby . ~hen a car stopped in the vicinity, a. flesh of licht froo the ob ject co- incided ~ i th tho sudden f ailure of the headlights . (CoOIJent : If report and inferences are correct , t his is a clear caseof occup~nto deliberately int~r:arin~ with the ~anition system of a vehicle by the use of a bea.o . ) t ~ ~ 1; ,. ~ (b) Case 607 : A " ball of fire nithout structure" , 2 1 6 11 dia:::ete prevent ed a vehicle from sta.rti ne ,; ~ ~ ~hile it remained within 2 or 3 yds of the car for more t han 5 minutes • • ( Comoent : ~nlcss this bo.ll of fire wao equi~ped with an ' iGnition ~ea.pon ', it 30uld appear that in ttis case , icnition loos could bo a. ~ide - ef:cct of the po~e r susta.inin ~ the ball of fire . ) (c) Case 673 . After puttinG out a truck ' s headliGhts , an objec dived to.:·_::Js the trud: md sto~.::~ed on the road 30 o . . ·~ · 8 RADIO/':'V I:.":'3i1F.::~.::::cz Cp.se Uo . Descri uti on 11 71 Object foll in fro nt of car c.s radio "bl ocked • Braked, object v ani shes . us 432 Radio rocoption blocked while pale yellow sphere hovered over hill 4 ko a'.7a.y . One uavelen~th , however, had a powerfu~ no~ulated signal (not oorse code) Canada 457 Radio interference associated with dome emitting a narrov light beam Austral 568 Radio wac blocked by at mospheri cs after saucer had left. Sth Afr 605 Fi e r y object at low altitude appare~tly interfere d wi th police radio . us 615 TV inter:'crence associ ated with 11 flying top 11 at t r ee top heisht. us 643 Radio interference noted in vicinity of f lyina object. us 647 Radio interference noted in v icinity of object hove1inc in field . A.ustro.l 684 Radio interference noted in vicinity of double saucer ·t lo;·, altitude , "beep" h ... ard us 727 Radio interf e rence noted in vicinity of oval with dooc , 10 1 from car. us 730 nadio transoitter did not wor~ ~hile huge dish was near (came within 80 ft once) us 741 Oval object caoe close to car; pulsatine sound seeoeJ to co~e froc oar r.dio us 763 TV reception blurred while plate-shaped object manoeuvred nearby. us 791 Radio interference in areas whore object hovered (o~soile teams) us 793 TV set boca.me blurred; two witnesses go out to see spinninc light froo object hovering nearby. us 884 Radio ir.terference , pulsa.tin£ sound , froo hoverinG object Jit~ crce~ glow . Canc.da , PARALYSIS/HYPUOSIS DEVICES Case No Descri'1tion 51 us ~an ~oints a device from onen ~ind ovs tha t stunned feoale ui tnesses by "dis sol ;in,:: consciousne ss'i cloyin~ smell. 61 Brazil ~a n points tube at Higgins , but no reported e!fect . 82 Denmark 50 :n . from object , uitness po.ralysod (also birds and cow Four handsome men wit h broiTn skin emerge vith trans lucent helmets . 95 Italy ~itness recei ves " a kind of electric shock as a c r aen ray hit him". He could only look up 11 ith di fficulty. 144 France '.7hen Dewilde attemp ted to intercept two dwarfs , a stronc oranse light ITas emi tted fro~ object on rail tr~cks about 20 1 a\7ay. Lorenzen•o account says light as po~;-~ :::- ful as a :.:g §lase from a sq_uarv opening. Jewilde lost u of speech and legs until boac •:ras ovi tched off. 147 France aidinG a bicycle , wit ness felt a prickling or itchins sensation over whole body like electric shocks . On alightinG , prickling continued as ~ell as a paralysis. Very s~all man then came and touched hi:n on s~~ulder , then left in nearby cr~ft , whereupon paralysis le ft . 16 2 France Cr~ft 50o. away; 3 fitiU:::'es ecerge fro~ the li~ht as witness felt paralysed, then lost consciousness. 165 France ~itness , already under partial hypn osis , a_?p r oaches nan in overalls and helmet , uho is holding a metal rod and has a lisht ; rejector on hio cheat. The man had ap~oare suddenly at 30 ft . distance ncar a floati ng docre . "Jitnes fel t pa~alysed , as also 7 others . Man , and soon a fter the craft vanished. Paraly:;:is loaves . ":ii tnes:;:: hnd . insomnia, h2adaches , loss of appetite for about e>. rree.k . 171 France I!an and dog paralysed ao object diveo torrard them a nd c licrb s again. 197 France 7Then near o"!:lject , employees felt "!lricklings and a sort of paralysis" . Object fle11 off. 199 :;'ranee Object &??rOaching , ~ben 150 m ar.ay, stranGe semation and paralysis. ~itrobenz!nc soell . 201 France Soldier a:?:~roaches 2 1 8 11 hi~~ torpedo , becaoe para:ysed. 208 :?ranee "Jit~ess sees 8 1 diam. object and feels paralysed, also z r as,inti for air. 221 France Riding bicycle , rritness stop:~ed as figure in divinJ su~t with bri6ht eyes and hairy chest aiced a do~ble bea~ of lieht from two vertical headliehts on front of s uit, Paralysed. ~e ITo . De§cri otion 234 France 3 dwarfs by cr~..ft 50m a·.7ay . Small , reddish point of light . Both ·.1i tnesses paralysed until craft left . I gni ti6n failur~ . 249 II ITitness r eached 20m. fron dish ~ith 4' being in diving suit before bei3G ?~ra.lysed . As craft took off, witness thr oun to ground . 272 II Hor se lifted 10 ' by 5 ' dian. object and i7ac paralysed 10 nts. Man at side of horse felt nothi nG • 273 II Eng ine slo-:r dorrn and par alysi s . Object in field near the road . (33 1 x s •). 274 II Electric shoc t felt as car engine and liGhts die . Paralysis while 4 ' bei ng mo v ed around (lOOm away? ) . 279 II Do g partially paralysed rrhen approached two helmeted figu=e s near do me . 294 II Ro ad blocl:ed by inve rte d cone; engine di es and witness i s paralysed. 295 Ital y 4 ' 3" fbeinft by tree aimed a f lashlicht bean, paralysing witness . ~ction of clenchinG fist on keys freed him allo~inc him t o utta.c:; the intruder who flc·,7 array l'rith a soft \7hir on a snall conical device . 297 II ~hil e approaching strange craft as 'ilot in diving sui t emerges , cra::t emitting bronze- green ray, witness was para lysed. .,... 333 France Blue dish came clo::Je to motocycle ; pri ckling felt i ::J. ha3d , engine nos and unable to :nove o= apeak . ·.7hen blue light turned off, all o. k . 337 II Craft too~~ off while pricklings , pc.ralysia and car s lo;v down occurred. 33 9 Italy 3 dwarfs s t ealing rc.bbits from caee. Fa~ner aims rifle ~ hich fails t o :ire ~nd t hen has to be dro.,ed . 356 ilenez uela ditne8s cnme ~c roso 6 little men lo~dinc boulders i~to hov er ing dish - _s ~-:e sta~·ted to run c.ney , one of the creatu=Gs pointed sonethina at him rrhich cnv~ o:f o violet- coloured licht and ~a=alyse d him . 358 France Approachint:; r ed oval 50m array, b~ccmc unable to move fo r a. while . 'Jhen cole, he renaway, returninc l7ith "i tne :::;:;~s , to see cra::t t~e off. 378 us Bell - shape cc.oe close to patrol c~r ; men inside felt arns and legs go "dead" and their clotheo a.ppcarod to burn theo ( prick linGs ? ) • 398 .'l.r centina Dish lands . Air ?o=ce man unable drarr gun from h olster. Voice in S?nnish f r om craft . 400 Braz i l hlan f ell par alysed . Co mpan ions see dish v ith dome top and bottom 50o o:r:o.y . Three 5 ' 7" men ga.tht.:r oar:tples . 1 1 r e !To . · Descri uti on y 402 Australia Tuo t eenaee s i:::unersed in a red licht cho.r..aing to green , becoming ~~r t ~a~alysed . No fear, no object seen. 408 Fiji Ficure in object hovering 20-25 1 above i7atcr , aimed a beam at four peo~le so bright th~t they felt u~ak . 424 u.s. :7itness ua::.-D.lysed t7hi:!.e l7atching eloncc.ted 11 balloon11 come to ground level and go . Helicopter oound . 480 UK Fiery object lands 100~ away. Blue haze forms . 3 figures . Jitness paralysed until craft left. 558 Ital y Approached object in village square, was paralysed when 10m away. Domed disc. 580 Brazil When 10 1 beinc made a motion, 11 year old boy picked up a stone , but '17.:.s unable to use it as 11 spc.ceman 11 looked straight into his eyes . (supposed t o b~ one- eyed in forehead0 Boys vere no longer afraid. llan carried box emitting flashes . 613 US Tried to a~pro~ch one foot diam. object , mild electri c shock and unable to move for.:ard . 642 Arcentina ~itneso par.:.lys e d during landinc of egc and during emergenc of 3 men rrho S?Ol:e slouly. 650 ?::ance As Uasse approached t i70 men soaller than 4 1 , one of theo took a s~all tube from its container attached to his belt and poil!t~d it at I1as3e ( .bout 10 1 aua.y) and paralysed hi~ for trrenty ~ inutcs - long after the craft had left. Folloued by d ro~sine ss for several l7ec~o . 823 US Light seen 100 m above ground . :7itn~=ces stop and are then paralysed , also ignition inte:fercnce noted . Took 20 mts . to recover muscular coordination. 902 us Paralys ad by beam from underneath 20 1 l ong object . Reveale by hypnosis as no conscious memory reoaino . ,... 905 us Cigar flew lou over car - car lamest sto)ped , brief paralysis . 912 ll.rccntina Vivid light dazzled and paralysed uitneos . Strength eb ~e d array, .:ell unconscious. 916 .i::.-t;entina HorDe and dos (but not l7itneos ?) ~aralysed for several minutes . 920 Brazil Suddenly sc71 cigar, :igu:-e with fla.::.int:; :;ea.pon like electric c::.-ill i:;mobilised i"litness. PRICILLTGS us Afte r encine stall , approachinc li~ht in :;oods , ~ricklin ~ s throughout body, had to stop wall:in.:; :o::nard, lost b ~la:1ce several tines ao he returned to car. 120 l'iorr:ay Object sto:pcd ahead of them above a round . ~itness stoppe their car, felt pricklinc s until c~cft left . Paint of car turned brieh t green • .I( " 12 ~ o.de l~o . Tiescriotion 147 France (see pa::.-o.lycis section) . Pricklinco lil:c electric shoc~s preceded paralysis. Pricklinc s rrhilc ·.7itness was on bicycle , paralysis after alighting. I 197 France (see paralysis sectioh) . ~7i tness felt "pricklint: s a.nd a sort of pa.::-a.lysis" . 300 F=~nce Uan in c=r felt painful pricklinJ s ; 4 year old child started crying. Increasing pain as car ~ent on , ~hen engine diad a.nd lights vent off. 329 France Three stra.nbc men in field . One held a. box which emitted a 10 ' long beam. The other t wo held 11 :7eapons" . One \7itnes fled and felt ; ricklincs on his face as he ran. 333 France (see paralysis section) . · Pricklinc,s when on his motcrbike . Ignition failure. Paralysis. 337 France (see paralysis section) . Pricklinss then paralysis. Car slowed do~n but did not stall . 524 us The Hill case. '.7hen the 11 beepin,z " noise filled the car , a strange tingli:1g or prickling sensation ·.:as felt , producing a drorrsiness . ~hen th~ c~ stopped, one of the men pointed a snell device like a pencil , at ~s . Hill. Tvto hours and 35 ::~iles later, furthe= "beeping" brought back conscious:1ess . 1 · Relation between innition ~~t e rfsr e nce and - a = =lzoic/o ~ic~ling etc. (a) Caoe 102 Car stalls , :7i tness wle.ks""' tO i7arC. s licht , prickling begins . (b) Case 300 Pricklingo begi n , become more?ainful , car stalls. This reversible sequenc e SQGG ~sts different cauocs . r~merous cases r euort loss of ignition, but n o pricklin G~ or parnlJ:::io . Probably, there ere diff rent causes for loss of i gnition ~nd pric~lin ~ n/paralysis , a lthouch they are often coincident . Apparently tho iGnition inte rferin8 beo.c. can produce an electric shock or discharee , \'theroa.o the po.ralysine beao. is o.o:=e related to producinG a prickling or tin.:; lihg sensation of nunS!rous s:J:all electric shoe!:::; . 2 . 0-iain of pric kl inn/~ aralysis (a) Hand - held device - va=i . usly described as a s ::~ all ~e tal tube , flashlight , or elec~~ic drill , and in one ca. ~ e as a 60 em long , 10 em diam tube . I t is usually pointed at th~ victim and sene times a light is s een eoanating :rom it , but o:ten no light is reported ( l o.s3r - ~cti o n?) . O,erati!l ~ di s tance J ~O ~ bly U? tO ten metres . Victio i~ .:; iven a "chart;;e" by o n~ opc::-ation (Case 6 50) . 13 f (b) Bean on craft - a be~ directed froo the creft nee~s to be effective over at least lOOm . Victim i s ?n=alysed only qbile beao is on, and usually does not a~pear to receive a cha=&e (e . G• casco 144 , 333) . (c) General field ? It is )Ossiblo that at a certain distance from craft an intruder would automatically receive this effect . 3· St=cnGth of the effect The evidence point~ to the sequence of ev ents b~ing p ricklin gs (tinclinc or itching) , )arelysis , loss of consciousness as the atrenath of the effect increaseo. •' THIS PAGE IS REPRODUCED FROM A BADLY FADED OR ILLEGIBLE SOURC~ SCANNING THIS ITEM AT A HIGHER RESOLUTION WILL NOT IMPROVE ITS LEGIBILITY. 3092/2 @ ocroto.rv B Further ~o our di cuaaion on tho quostion ot invastigntion of UGtrnlinn r ~nrts on unid ntifiod f l y inc objects , I vould su nriz ~ attitude an follows : (n) Ihor ppo s to bo ufficicnt videnc from ru and t!i r porto of invosti tion of tJii'O ighti.ngs to ind::lcc.to tlmt omo 1 ort c ot ro dily b plnin d by no.tur pho o ~- de c.ctivit ico. borough invosti of s lcct d ustralinn r port of UFO si s ee to wrrcnt d., but the effort hol4ld be r strict d to tbos ocourrcnc a t.'lnt co.nnot ail) be oxpl inod. (b) Th pnrt cnt of up ly ho.s ersonn 1 ith n ppropric.to ran e of io tific ch.:J.ic 1 oxpertiso nnd 1 or tory field f cilitio thnt could suitably b eoployed on UFO invootiga ion • (c) I su at that rtmont of ofonc should co si or pa i r osponaibility for inv tigat·on of uatrc.lia.n UPO ei htin fro he to tho D pn.rtmcnt ot Supply und r t.l:lo :follovinc genorc.l conditions: (i) tho.t o. limit numb r ot sol ctcd report , n y s i x per y nr, be thorou hly i vesti ted by cpart t of up l.y; (ii) that o.t th nd of two or roo rs (or earlier it 01 go ~cd by th in ostis~t or s) th results of upply st~ ion be cxacinod by in crest a parti s , e.g . Defonco, Ri C.Dd Upply 1 vi th iOV to t rmining vbethor thor 1 dcfonc inter st in UFO ichtin s th t could ju tify fur invo tign.tion. (d) I bolieve 'tha.t, although D t o should h ;y g<. u~ro.l oversight and brolld diroction of tho U 0 invo tigo.tlon, ignifico.nt JIO ro ourcos should not bo d vot d to this until it co.n cloo.rly shcnm 1'r om the r csultn ot the inTGeti tion thnt a strategic intolliacnce int-croot xi s • r:v 'then , the matter would haTo to be rcl ted to oth r priorities; there nrc onny tbi11gu Lhnt i-t would be do irn 1 f or ua to do but ~ich cannot be t okled bocnuse ot high e~ prioritioe. ~ ,, t 27th ~S o.y 1971 (R. w. 'urlonger) Joint Intelligence Or gc.nimtion Diroctor ...,., .. • MINUTE PAPER . (\\rite "" lhh .. ide onl)) coo. ;-. SUBJECT· U?O UNESTIG TIOHS I N !US'ffi.ALIA D/D (CIV) JIO 1. Furthqr to teletalk Mr Uc1uchael/flg Cdr T.W. Murphy on Tbursdoy 8 Jan 70, copy of the USAF news release on UFO I nvestigation i ~ t1ched. 2. In view of this oonc!usion and decioion by the USAF , we are investi ting the possibi~ity of reducing the RAAF effort in investigating OFO reports in Aus~ralia . =--~~-; ·ro . -~ .. - ft.,nar* ·· ------• ...... ··-··············· .. -... ~- /3 tJ tiFO I NVES'I'IOA'l'IONS I :r1 AUSTRALIA I D/D (CIV) J!O 1. Further to to otcJ..k !lr Uc1~chael/17g Cdr T. ';1 . l!urpby on 'l'hurodo.y 8 J an 70, a oo 7 or tho USAF nan r eloaae on U?O Invootiaation ia nttaohQd. 2. In vi ow or thia opnclWJion and dooiai on by tho USt.F , wo aro inveotigat ing the poeoib~li of r educing tno RAAF effort in inveot i gat ing UFO r oporte in Austr ali a . \ \Y{f_ Cdr 15 J an 70 AfDKFI \ I I . ( .... /3~ s-s-"1-!'/ ~ CJ {4V ~) Security Classii'ic~tion : t ~.J..- D~t. q<.J.ojr:v Rei': FROM: RAAF Intelligence Representative r:ASF!TI~GTON OC ' TO : ~ecto~ate of Air Force Intelligence Department of Air Russell Offices CANBERRA Arfr The following Intelligence Haterial is forwarded her ewith by Safahand Air/S"'e'. Mail:- I CONTROL This docw.ent contains classified info1·mation of U S origin and i .. subject to the ~p.;cial. ru!es llhich have boe:1 issued for the treatr:cnt of such documents. In p::trt.icular, it must not be passed to or discussed vli'th ~ ny agency outside the Australian Defence Services, or other nation, unless specifically cleared by the United States for release . CLEARED FOR : • •... • •/ ••• •••• , ...... 7 '...... enol : •) I IMMEDIATE RELEASE December 17 , 1969 NO. 1077- 69 OXford 7-5131 (Info.) OXford 7 - 3189 (Copies~AtJ ' ~ AIR FORCE TO TERX!NATE . 7. J ~~~AA~;t pROJECT II BLuE B0 0 K II L;/'v'i--1 VVI./\-""~ \JV Secretary of the Air Foree Robert C. Sea~a~s~nnounee~~ --~ today the termination of Project Blue Book, the Air Force program~ for the investigation of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) . ~~ In a memorandum to Air Force Chief of Staff General John D . Ryan, Secretary Seamans stated that "the continuation of Project Blue Book cannot be justified either on the ground of national security or in the interest of science," and concluded that the project does not merit future expenditures of resources. The decision to discontinue UFO investigations was based on : - An evaluation of a report prepared by the University of Colorado entitled , "Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects ." - A review of the University of Colorado's report by the National Academy of Sciences . - Past UFO studies . - Air Force experience investigating UFO reports during the past two decades . • Under the direction of Dr. Edward U. Condon, the University of Colorado completed an 18-month contracted study of UFOs and its report was released to the public in January, 1969 . The report concluded that little if anything has come from the study of UFOs in the past 21 years that has added to scientific knowledge, and that further extensive study of UFO sightings is not justified in the expectation that science will be advanced. The University of Colo-rado report also states that, "It seems that only so much attention to the subject (UFOs) should be give as the Departmen t of Defense deems to be necessary strictly from a defense point of view .... It is our impression that the defense function could be performed within the framework established for intelligence and sur veillance operations without the continuance of a special unit such as Project Blue Book , but this is a question for defense s ec ialists rather than research scientists . " A panel of the National Academy of Sciences made an independent assessment of the scope , methodology, and findings of the University of MORE l j .-· - .tr. -2- Colorado study . The panel concurred in the University of Colorado's recommendation that "no high priority in UFO investigations is warranted by data of the past two decades." It co:1cluded by stating that , "On the basis of present knowledge, the lease likely explanation ofbeings." UFOs is the hypothesis of extraterrestrial visitations by intelligent Past UFO studies include one conducted by a Scientific Advisory Panel of UFOs in January , 1953 (Robertson Panel); and, a review of Project Blue Book by the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board Ad Roc Committee, February- March , 1966 (Dr . Brian O'Brien, Chairman) . These studies concluded that no evidence has been found that any of the UFO reports reflect a threat to our national security . As a result of investigating UFO reports since 1948, the conclusions of Project Blue Book are : (1) no UFO reported, investi gated, and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security; (2) there has been no evidence submitted or discovered by the Air Force that sightings categorized as "unidentified" represent technological developcients or principles beyond the range of present-day scientific knowledge ; and (3) there has been no evidence indicating that sightings categorized as ''unidenti f i ed " are extratert"estrial vehicles . Project Blue Book records will be retir~d to the USAF Archives , Maxwell Air Force Base , Alabama. Requests for information will continue to be handled by the Secretary of the Air Force , Office of Information (SAFOI) , Washington, D.C . 20330 . END . .. THIS PAGE IS REPRODUCED FROM A BADLY FADED OR ILLEGIBLE SOURC~ SCANNING THIS ITEM AT A HIGHER RESOLUTION WILL NOT IMPROVE ITS LEGIBILITY. ....- 1.2.. /1 "'op:.!:...-:::c.::: 0-' nu.:.om~ l'c- I \riJ.l uo no~·~ 7:!-~Ci'..l"!. i .:' yo t conlll ~lolp co ~:r.:. "!':h co""'o :i.n:"· x... n~lo.1: COlle ~ • O"U...;.' O:i;~-u\.1:..:0 ..0~ - ::'0 :"1.:J 0~ uniC!C:lt.:__ C cr.::__ OOjCC ... ~ (U~ 0) ~ ... ;; t.t:.~ co·..mtr, ·• .10 ::.:.n o.: lll - ~..:o :c~ l . ;lvo :.1 ~ C::'O ....<.)CO tiliC:: ~"- llOt ~Gily c..:J. ~ no"'i ~.!v~ bo :l.aa~·.. i!'ioJ co •.:...\ .. l....: co:.vcn.i: .::cl. o:m.!\; !J (o • .• co:::::10 •• cL - or~~'to 11 oo •• , · •llo'->. c, cntc::!.:l. .. o c c . ) . o tci:o :::~ oo.::ic1" ::·<:r" :;ou I ·.1.. 11 ~u. be • 0 •• crm r~i'cr uircct to .. o r. We!.' . I£ yoa l~o i ' o.,.. vi r.n bo l;.clpful to cy tlocu. onttl~:!.on i:? ··ou u .lld oo~d clon.:; ·.;oo . 1 c) Do ro o::-to o'!? U ~ m"!".l.vo to you o C~"' tuo • ui:.• .;to_ ..,:; oo::c Ou.... c:- r..•rti .'il'.,:~y (in ·~IJ:I.r. ..:=.-.co , plc~ ~o :f'Ol'\'J:lru -:;_:. lc li'tOl: c:.· .;;th. ,.o t.. o -~ o r.nu c.ut.::xoo)? b) lu:o ·~; .o:•c CJ"J;J cnoc:lnl oec-::1c:1 \:.:·~:.i 1 ·~b. Dopo.. :... :o•• :. O- .ctJ.o::c.l lC!1C covotc .... ~:> t~o l!!:mcllin"" c t.tc.ao ::c J_... ~o? 2 • ~we tilito.:-.7 co)..,c'JJ.:l...; : .o •• ~c t'l.!l.Y o cci:ll o:'•. o:~..J to ::'0:.'\~ ..:::- .a l'C;>Ol.'tG o~ Uf,Oo ~o yo~ ~ .a /o~ ~o ~a initicl i vooti~ iono? 3 ~r;: you o::=- no_o l':~ c 470;;'21- i51 ~l·:l.)v-.!.::r:: S. :on!) ( <:""u ":o:ln) 5 . 100 01 ' !' lc:!ln ~ •• • I J. '· 8 rr/1- CLO 00 S/3; P. CLO 006:1 .30 n 3004t~ 1 Z Ftl JI ( C> -.!El:-- TO JIB 0~ FOR JIB REP FROM DIRECTOR. TODAY 1 3 MELBOURNE SUN REPO!n'S TEE SIGHTr.;G OF TWELVE FLYING OBJECTS, WHICH LEFT A WIIITE TRAIL OF b'TREAMERS WHICH FLOATED TO THE GROUND . THE REPORT WENT ON TO SAY THAT THE RMF WOULD t1AKE A REPORT ON THE INCIDENT TO THE DEPARTHENT OF AIR . WOULD YOU PLEAS!!: ASK DAFI IF TREY WOULD PROVIDE US WITH A COPY OF THIS REPORT . THIS PAGE IS REPRODUCED FROM A BADLY FADED OR ILLEGIBLE SOURCE. SCANNING THIS ITEM AT A HIGHER RESOLUTION WILL NOT IMPROVE ITS LEGIBILilY. l • ' I I" . I W 111wu.- IMI I ..1.1.a.(JI) ,,.,. 1 a • .,...., -3 APR 1S5S • .. t I I It • , COlQI'D?EitfUJ. J3003/2/AOOO ~~,4 Pl!:mJIIID'W> [IJII!! ~ Attaobed 1a a 00P7 ot a report b7 Captain J .l .D. Far~ ot s.s. •vo= a• oa the obMI"'fttlaD ot a ~ object. It 1a requ..ted that a GOP7 be paaeed to J . I . B. (Loadoo} t or 1Dt'OJW.ticm. OONliDMJti. ,•osa' '\.ddrcss-G.P.O.. Box <4 317 COMMONWEALTH OF A USTRALIA Te le a ra~' ''l c Add ress Telephon-M8 oss .n~ : P•• IN REPLY PLEASE QUOTE- REG IONAL OFFICE. v. 54/3~~ MARINE BRANCH . 7th larch, 1958 . 'l'' e Director ~ Joint Intelli co Bureau, Victorln arracks , St. Kilda Road 11ELBOTinNE . .C. 1_ . Obuerv tion of Hieh Speed . rial Ob,'ect -----. / . tt ched hereto is an ori inal report rhich has been for r e by Cn tain J • . • D. ~orsyth, of s . s . II! mmru II. Captain Fore'!yth is anxious that it shall be pa red t the authority 'rhich fill be most interesLed ·n the observ Lion. ny communlcationz intended for Captain Forsyth m· y be for :mrded to his ship, C/o Huddar t Parlter Ltd. , ox 265C , G• • •• , elboarne. ;t.~ Deputy --... ctor , Lighthouses nd Uavir. tion, Victoria. --- LJ.bnu"7 ~0 ----- } J . A. D,Forsyth. \ 1 Pa.ss~ee Port Lincoln To llelbo~ Via. Ba.ck tni rs PaSSfl e . Report on observation of phenomenon Observers :- B. Noble. Second Officer. Position. L t . 36- 35 S. K. O' Connell Chief Engineer. Long. l:SS- 54 E. I . clrath. Fith. Engineer. Course. 142 True . Speed. 9 . 5 Knoto . Weather. ind. South . Force 2 . Bar. 29- 98" Air. Tern . 78 . Sea. Temp . 64 . Rer~action Abnormal . Clo ~1d , Alto Cumulus 2/8. Hatght . 10, 000 feet . Viqibility . Plus Thirty miles. At 1400 hr • B.S..T. 8th. February 1958 whilst in the above pos1 t.i on a con trail was ob Th contrail appeared to origin te fro~ some fast moving body nd •he hei~ht was esti~ t ed at plue 50 , 000 feet . The contrail remained visible for sol!le thirty !linutea gradually dispersing ith the e~luxion of time, it as white in colour. The second officer likened the contrail to the trails left by V . 2 . rockets >7hen launched havi ng ob served such launchings from the ·orth sea during 1944 . 1 Abnormal refraction was noted at the time of observation, the s . s . " L3.ke Eyre " bound on an o:pposite course '17as first observed 'lell below the horizon nd the ima.se of this vessel was seen to be inver ted. L~ter as two imaees ,eradually fading as the vessel came hull up on the horizon...... - ~o • ~a.1'•1"uac .,.,~ fk-n»- C>.~ l.f~ ~ ~ b''"'tPirf'IU'O Al" cr; s ? A().c;..rt' t_. • ~.._T, ------~~~ ------= ~ ...... J309.3/2/AOOO JOII! II!ILLIGKICK IIISAU 1 /l.f6 ••••• 1. A~~ae~e4 l• a oop,r ef a aeao t7ea Dop&ftaeat el !oftl~orio• oa \Jae npo... e4 aiala~ha of a falltac ob~oo~ b tu teftl~•l'7 et ra,.. aa4 In G111aea. 1~ Ia ...... ~- , .., a Octp7 be paa8e4 '• O.I.A. ler la~o.-atloe. a. tu Depan•••' of ten-l~on• II&• beea bfonet ~-t. boa tlae De~.... pobt ol ?lev, ~•r t.Y••~ll•'loa vea14 •o' l». ~·•$ifie4. (D. '• Por•J'h) '''''' plr••tor J)093/2/AOOO JOIIT IITILLlGIICI BttaiAV, JIB(K) aepreaeatatlTe, LOIDOie VIIDIITIFISD FLJIIQ OB{ICT /~ 1. At\&olae4 1• a oon of a •••• froa •••••• Dopartaoat of !orrlt.orloa oa tbe nponod al1bt.la1 of a falllas objoot. la tbo Torrlt.orr of Papua aa4 lov O.laoa. It. la H!ll••to4 that a oop7 bo paaao4 t.o J.I.B. (Loa4oa) tor latoraat.loa. 2. Tbo Dopart.aoat of To~rltorloa ba• boM lafono4 that, troa tbo DofMoo polat of Tlov, turtbor laToatll&tloa vould not be 3••tltlo4. (D. '· rora7\b) Attkc Dlnotor DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE 128.1.21 MINUTE PAPER ••• Attached are three copies of a memorandum No . 58/26 of 3rd February, 1958, from the Department of Territories, on the above subject. It would be appreciated if you would pass a copy to each of Joint r1\ Intelligence Bureau, London 7 and Central Intelligence --~ ' 1 It Agency, Washington, f or the1r information. a!::J 2. The Department of Territories has been informed that from the Defence point of view, a search would not be justified. f-J ,...... _, /t..c. -L-.A lr- "' ~ -..Af~ . J . r _, ,~ ControllerU - ~ JOINT SERVICE ORGANISATIONS .... /2/1958 128.1. 21 Department of Territories, CANBERRA 3rd February, 1958. 58/26 The Secretary, Department of Defence, Victoria Barracks, ~ffiLBOURNE· S.E. l. fiEPOBTED SIGH!I NQ OF fALLING OBJEQT - TfiRRIT ORY OF PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA Advice was recently received from the Administrator of Papua and New Guinea that Corporals J. McCulloch and B. Blyth, R.A.E. stationed at Vanimo on on the north-west coast of New GU1nea,7 reported the sighting of an object in the sky. The following quotation is from a written report by Corporal McCulloch :- " The object was sighted at exactly 9 . 30p .m. on Friday 6th December. It appeared as a bright, white light, a little above the crest of the ranges to the south-west and fell from sight behind the horizon. Although out of sight a bright glow remained and lasted for about five seconds. Soon after the glow disappeared a muffled impact was heard as though a heavy object had hit the ground at some distance . A compass bearing on the position •••••• was found to be 243 degrees (magnetic) ••••••• true within 2 degrees either side. The bearing was taken from the exact position from where the object was sighted. Both Corporal Blyth and myself •••••• agree with the above details.n 2. The Administration reports that the District Officer of the area considers it probable that the object fell beside the coastal range in an area believed uninhabited and on the Australian side of the New Guinea Border. The Administrator reported that for him to follow up the report any further would be expensive in time and money and he does not, at this stage, propose to take any further action in the matter. 3. I am referring the information to you as being of possible interest and would appreciate hearing from you, in due course, whether you consider it is worth investigation. I have similarly informed the Department of National Development and c.s.I.R.o. (Sgd.) (C . R. Lambert) Sect·etary v ]l7 !1/ 2. . ~ · RESTRICTED RESTRICTED COPY NO . ~..... JOINT I lTELLIGF.NCE CO:·tHI'M'EE AGENDUM NO . ?l/1952 ItNESTIGATIONS HITO REPORT.§_O? UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECrS ... Attached is a copy of a memorandum from the Director of Air Force Intelligence to Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau on the above matter . In referring the matter to Controlleri Joint Service Organisations the Director, Joint Inte ligence Bureau said, 11 It \o~ould appear that the reports in question cover a number of subjects - including those in the aeronautical field - and hence would be an appropriate study for the Scientific and Technical Intelligence Sub-Committee, when formed . I doubt whether Scientific Intelligence Branch would have the time or facilities (certainly not L~ i~s early days) to devote much study to these reports. The Branch could, however, probably serve as a coordinator for any investigations if required. 11 2. Director, Joint Intelligence Bureau suggested that the subject should be brought forward for Joint Intelligence Committee discussion when tho Scientific and Technical Intelligence Sub-Committee ho.d been formed and was in operation. Submission 3. The matter will be listed for consideration by the Joint Intelligence Committee o.t an early date . Joint~lA1 Secretary-v ~---- 18/10/1957 DISTRIBUTION : List 'A' Mr . White . s.T.r.s.c. RESTRICTE.Q • . ""''. • COPY : Department of Air MELBOURNE, C. 1 . 1st April 1957 Director Joint Inielligcnce Bureau, Victoria Barracks, St . Kilda Road, MELBOUR@ . INVESTIGATIONS IriTO REPORTS OF IDTIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS This Department frequently receives reports direct from civilians, or passed on by other departments, of unidentified flying objects . We also receive requests for assistance .:md advice from v~ious "Flying Saucer Research Societies". 2 . l-1any of these reports presumably cover such mundane things as meteorological and astronomical phenomena; others appear to be inexplicable . Most of them are outside the aeronautical field . 3. As your branch has now established a Scientifi c Intelligence Secti on, it would appear that these reports could best be investigated and evaluated by one of your Scientific Research Officers, \lrho will have a broader background of knowledge of this type of phenomena than anyone in this Directorate. 4. If you agree th~t you can accept this commitment , I will be glad to make available all the po.per s which "'e have acquired, to date, on this subject. ( sgd . ) P.W. Dawson~ w.c. (A.D. HENDEHSON) Group Captain DIRECTOR OF AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE RESTRICTED JOift DTELLlG CE BtJR.EAU DlVESTIGATIOJS mTO REPORTS OF UI1IDEliTIFIED FLYING OBJ EC'l'S ~9 APR 1951 Co.ntrollor, Joint Sorvico Oreani•ationa Ill 1. I would approolate your o4vloo on th p~l containod 1n tho attached copy or D. A.F. I .'s 114/~~~:): ot let April 1957. 2. It woul d appear that tho report a in question cover an r ot cubjocta - including thoae in the oro nautical fi lCI - and hence would b c.n a ppropriate atudy for the S.!.l •• c., ~n tor.med . 1 doubt Whether Sc1ent1t1c lntelliconce Branch woul d ha?e the tice or tacilitiea (cortaiDly not in ita onrly dnya) to devote z:n1c:h atudy to t.heae roporta. 'l'ho Branch could. b_oweYer . prDbably aer:vo ea a eo- ord1n tor tor any 1mro aticat1ons requireC!. z. I would suggest that uk D. &. F. I . to cont1.nuo to hold tho p pore they haTe cquirod nnd to br ing the subject ton-ard again, prefer ably tor J . I . C. dlawadon. 'riho.n the S . T. I . S.C. a boon formed end in oporatian. (D. 'f. Forayth) Actine Di.roctor RES'l'niCTED COMMONWEALTH OF A USTRALIA DEPARTMENT OF AIR, THUIA.J.P ioli C J. DD~ GS S• "AIIlFORC' Jo\ H I OURH'" MELBO URNE, C. 1 ,,...... ouon.114/ 1/ 201 ( 2 3A) Director, . Joint Int ell i gence :Bureau, Victoria Barracks, St . Kilda Road, MELBOURNE. INVESTIGATI ONS INTO REPORTS OF UNIDENTIFIED FLYING o~JECTS This Department frequent ly receive s reports direct from civilians, or passed on by other departments, of u.nidezxtified flying objects. We also receive requests for assistance and advice from various "Flying Saucer Research Societies". 2. Many of these r eports presumably cover such mundane things as met eorological and astronomical phenomena; other s appear to be inexplicable. Most of them are outside the aeronaut ical f i eld. 3 . As your branch has now established a Scientific Intelligence Section, it would appear t hat these reports could best be investigated and evaluated by one of your Scientific Research Officers, who will have a broader back ground of knowledge of this type of phenomena than anyone in this Dir ectorate. 4. If you agree that you can a coept this commit- ment , I will be glad to make available all the paper s which we have acquired, to date, on t his subject. -.1#- . t ' ' .--7 ~...... "'":: I (A . D. HENDERSON) f<'5l Group Captain DIRE~ClR OF AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE