DOCSLIB.ORG

2020 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2020 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement 2020 ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT ON UNITED NATIONS PROCUREMENT 2020 ANNUAL STATISTICAL REPORT ON UNITED NATIONS PROCUREMENT Copyright © 2021 UNOPS, Marmorvej 51, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of UNOPS. Cover photo: Sudan © UNOPS/Atsushi Shibuya TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 22 HIGHLIGHT STORY: UN Women - Vulnerable women receive food and hygiene packages in response to COVID-19 3 OVERVIEW Total United Nations procurement in 2020 23 WHO SUPPLIED THE UNITED NATIONS IN 2020? Procurement by region of supplier 5 WHO DOES PROCUREMENT WITHIN THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM? Major countries of supply Procurement by organizations of the United Procurement from developing countries, Nations system countries with economies in transition and least developed countries 9 HIGHLIGHT STORY: UNDP - Electric tricycles to reduce climate change impact of passenger 31 HIGHLIGHT STORY: UNHCR - Solar powered transport electrical mini-grids for refugees in Bangladesh 10 WHAT DID THE UNITED NATIONS PROCURE 32 HOW DOES THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM DO IN 2020? PROCUREMENT? Procurement by sectors of goods and services Collaborative procurement Procurement by UNSPSC segment Sustainable procurement 15 HIGHLIGHT STORY: WHO - Emergency health kits to provide immediate and effective support 38 FIND OUT MORE 16 HOW HAS UNITED NATIONS PROCUREMENT 40 APPENDIX SUPPORTED THE COVID-19 RESPONSE? Methodology COVID-19 procurement in the UN system COVID-19 procurement by organization COVID-19 procurement by category COVID-19 procurement by supplier country INTRODUCTION Thailand © WHO/Ploy Phutpheng 2020 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement 2 INTRODUCTION The Annual Statistical Report on United Nations on collaboration within the UN system, and Procurement (ASR) provides an overview of organizations’ efforts to integrate sustainability the procurement of the United Nations (UN) considerations into their procurement processes, system in support of its operations, projects and in the context of the UN’s continued focus on programmes. sustainable development. In the 39th session of the General Assembly in The COVID-19 pandemic has served to underline the 1984,1 UN procurement activities were presented challenges presented by the interdependent world for the first time, in a report prepared by the Inter- we live in today and UN procurement activities Agency Procurement Services Office (IAPSO) of the were certainly also affected. A section in this United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). year’s report has been dedicated to analyzing this A need for continued reporting on these types of impact. In addition, highlight stories showcasing UN activities was established later that year by the procurement in a variety of projects and settings General Assembly.2 The report has been compiled are featured in the report, and have been provided on behalf of the UN system by the United Nations by UNDP, World Health Organization (WHO), Office for Project Services (UNOPS) since 2008. United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women) and the From being a section in the ‘Operational Activities Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for of the UN System’ report, the ASR has evolved Refugees (UNHCR). An example of collaboration in into comprehensive reporting on procurement procurement at the country level in Geneva, is also by nearly 40 organizations. In 2015, online provided this year, by the Common Procurement statistics were introduced in collaboration with Activities Group (CPAG). the United Nations Global Marketplace (UNGM) to supplement the report, and the online dashboards UNOPS is grateful to participating UN organizations were further enhanced in 2019. for their continued support and contributions that make this publication possible, as well as their This 37th edition of the report presents an combined efforts to improve data quality and analysis of key trends in UN procurement and comparability of the information each year. is complemented by the full statistics published online. The ASR includes a breakdown of FOR MORE DETAILED STATISTICS, INTERACTIVE procurement by UN organization, by sectors of DASHBOARDS AND PREVIOUS REPORTS, VISIT categories of goods and services procured, and WWW.UNGM.ORG/ASR. by supplier countries. It also contains information 1. A/39/417 Saint Lucia © UNOPS/ Elise Laker 2. A/RES/39/220 OVERVIEW Gambia © UNOPS/Jason Florio 2020 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement 4 TOTAL UNITED NATIONS PROCUREMENT IN 2020 UN organizations reported a total procurement three organizations – United Nations Children’s Fund volume by 26.0 per cent ($4.6 billion) since 2016. Despite volume of $22.3 billion in 2020. This was the highest (UNICEF), WHO and UNDP, in order of volume increase. the overall growth, most organizations experienced procurement volume recorded to date, with an a decrease in volume. Only 16 organizations had increase of $2.4 billion (12.3 per cent) compared Most of the increase in 2020 was related to the increases in volume in 2020 compared to 2019. The to the previous year. The increase was driven procurement of goods, which increased by $2.3 billion three with the largest increases were WHO, UNICEF and mainly by two categories linked to the UN system (24.1 per cent), while services had a less pronounced UNDP in order of increase, which recorded a combined response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Medical increase of $160 million (1.5 per cent). Figure 1 illustrates increase of $1.9 billion. WHO, which almost doubled its equipment and Laboratory and testing equipment. these trends in procurement over the last 10 years. procurement volume, was responsible for one-third of Increased procurement in those segments totalled the overall increase. $1.9 billion, accounting for 79.1 per cent of the total The same 39 organizations reported in 2020 as in 2019, increase, $1.4 billion of which was attributed to and have increased their combined procurement Figure 1. Total procurement of goods and services, and number of reporting organization, 2011–2020 $ millions 40 39 39 39 39 36 22,338 35 33 33 19,895 10,600 30 18,628 18,788 17,575 17,723 17,237 10,440 16,083 15,372 9,826 9,730 8,955 9,004 14,276 8,713 8,450 8,564 7,210 11,738 9,455 8,801 9,059 8,525 8,620 8,719 7,634 7,066 6,808 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Reporting organizations Services Goods WHO DOES PROCUREMENT WITHIN THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM? Gambia © UNOPS/Jason Florio 2020 Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement 6 PROCUREMENT BY ORGANIZATIONS Table 1. Procurement by UN organization, 2020 OF THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM Organization Total 2020 Total change Share of procurement from developing ($ millions) 2019-2020 (%) countries, countries with economies in transition and LDCs 2020 (%) A variety of organizations – from specialized agencies, UNICEF 4,468.0 16.8% 59.6% funds and programmes to research and training entities WFP 3,981.1 9.5% 75.2% – make up the UN system. Only organizations and units UNDP 2,565.3 23.1% 65.1% UNPD 2,330.8 -7.2% 64.0% with a clear procurement component are represented WHO 1,717.8 92.3% 53.4% in this report. While some have predictable and stable UNHCR 1,383.4 21.5% 61.0% procurement volumes, categories and global footprints UNOPS 1,271.5 16.1% 60.7% linked to their mandate, others are project-based or PAHO 1,150.5 14.3% 40.4% IOM 777.3 -19.0% 76.5% are more sensitive to global events and therefore have UNFPA 473.3 17.1% 44.1% variable volumes, categories and supplier countries. FAO 458.2 17.9% 74.0% UNRWA 225.6 -14.6% 85.1% The procurement volume for each organization (as well ILO 219.8 -16.3% 63.1% IAEA 191.5 2.5% 8.5% as respective shares of procurement from developing UNIDO 155.1 2.2% 55.7% countries, countries with economies in transition and UNOG 141.1 -5.3% 1.0% least developed countries (LDCs)) is shown in Table 1. UN Women 133.9 -7.8% 62.8% WIPO 131.1 4.5% 9.3% UNESCO 119.0 -3.1% 52.2% The largest increase in procurement volume was UNOV 89.3 -24.6% 72.4% seen by WHO, growing from $893 million in 2019 UNON 61.6 -2.6% 75.5% to $1.7 billion in 2020. This was driven largely by IFAD 53.4 0.9% 16.5% procurement related to the COVID-19 response, which UNAIDS 35.9 13.3% 53.6% OPCW 24.6 9.8% 2.1% made up 43.7 per cent of its total procurement for the ITC 20.7 -23.5% 44.5% year. Although WHO had an increase in 18 segments, IMO 19.4 -9.5% 13.2% the total increase of $825 million (92.3 per cent) ITU 18.8 -61.1% 4.3% was experienced mainly in three categories: UNECA 17.3 -27.1% 53.3% UN-ICTY/MICT 15.7 -20.5% 15.4% Medical equipment, with an increase of $275 million ESCAP 13.2 -38.9% 71.9% (245 per cent); Management and administrative services, UNFCCC 13.0 -41.8% 2.9% with an increase of $235 million (306 per cent); and WMO 12.9 -18.6% 2.5% Laboratory and testing equipment, with an increase UPU 11.6 -14.6% 16.8% UNU 9.5 -6.6% 13.9% of $207 million (543 per cent). WHO increased its ECLAC 9.3 -24.1% 70.6% procurement primarily from suppliers in China (from UNV 9.1 26.6% 3.0% $8.9 million to $250 million), Denmark (from $75 million ESCWA 6.0 -28.0% 73.8% to $170 million) and the United States of America (from UNWTO 1.6 -35.6% 0.2% $45 million to $94 million).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Integrating the Accounts Payable and Procurement Functions
    PERSPECTIVE Driving excellence together: Integrating the accounts payable and procurement functions Abstract The accounts payable (AP) and procurement functions are two sides of the same coin. A key factor toward making these functions deliver outstanding results is the integration of their transactional and strategic activities. This paper provides a perspective on the approach to be followed while setting up an integrated procure- to-pay function (P2P). Background While recent trends across the world continues to maintain its relevance. ended up being just a cosmetic exercise in are heavily tilted towards automation in Although this need is felt all around, many renaming department names as ‘procure-to- accounts payable, the need for a well- organizations have failed on the execution pay’, ‘requisition-to-pay’, or ‘procure-to-settle’. integrated procure-to-pay (P2P) function that front. More often than not, an enterprise’s While the intent was good, the results have can drive accounts payable (AP) performance drive towards an integrated P2P function has not always been impressive. Tying the procurement and accounts payable functions together The AP and procurement functions hold The key focus areas of these two functions are detailed in the table below. great potential to unleash the synergies in their key objectives, focus areas, and Key Focus Area Procurement Accounts Payable challenges. Let us look at these briefly. Faster procurement of goods or services Yes – The key objective of a procurement team Procure at best possible price Yes – is to procure goods and services within Obtain invoices on time Indirect Yes stipulated timelines at the best available Process invoices in timely fashion – Yes price, whereas that of an AP team is to Pay invoices on time Yes Yes process and pay invoices on time.
    [Show full text]
  • RFP for Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) RFP Title: Procurement
    RFP Number: RFP # IS18-14 RFP for Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP) RFP Title: Procurement Submittal Deadline Deadline November 17, 2017 @ 4:00 PM PST Name Patricia Garcia, Buyer Submittal Form VIA EMAIL ONLY Email [email protected] RFP TIME LINE: The anticipated schedule for this RFP is as follows: Activity Date/Time RFP Issue Date October 4, 2017 Pre-Proposal Conference Call October 13, 2017, 10:00 AM – 11:00 PM PST Final Written Questions Due October 20, 2017, 4:00 PM PST Final Addenda Posted October 27, 2017 Proposal Submission Deadline November 17, 2017, 4:00 PM PST Shortlist Notification December 15, 2017 Onsite Demonstrations January 2018 Recommendation to Council March 2018 Purchasing Division 300 West Third Street Oxnard, CA 93030 (805) 385-7538 www.oxnard.org September 27, 2017 Ladies and Gentlemen: The City of Oxnard invites proposals from qualified vendors to provide all or part of an Enterprise Resource Planning solution for the City. The City will consider solutions that are Software-as-a- Service (Saas) or On-Premises systems; preference will be given to the systems where functionality is superior. Vendor’s proposals will be preferred if they are providing most, if not all, components of a complete solution, even if they are partnering with other vendors to complete their solution. This request for proposal is made up of the following sections: A. RFP Narrative, which includes the City’s General Terms and Conditions and two (2) Attachments, a sample Consulting Services Agreement and insurance requirements, B. Functional Requirements, and C. Proposal Response Forms. For your bid, you are required to return B and C in their native format as provided and completed by your firm.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Procurement Professionals Should Be Engaged in Supply Chain
    business solutions for a sustainable world WBCSD Future Leaders Team (FLT) 2011 Why procurement professionals should be engaged in supply chain sustainability “The Future Leaders Team is an unparalleled of common challenges – across sectors – and learning experience for young managers of WBCSD shared best practices. Above all, they experienced member companies. They have the opportunity to what is recommended here: engaging people in understand the benefits of why sustainability matters sustainability. I am convinced that they brought back to business and to develop a solid international valuable knowledge and information to their jobs.“ and professional network. Sustainability is complex subject is some cases, and it is therefore crucial for Congratulations to Eugenia Ceballos, John Zhao, multinational companies to enrich their work with Baptiste Raymond, and to all participants of the other companies’ experiences through collaboration. Future Leaders Team 2011! FLT 2011’s theme was sustainability in the supply chain, which is increasingly considered as an area of direct responsibility for companies. The following report reflects FLTs’ peer learning experience and team work. This is not the work of experts or consultants. Rather, the three managers from DuPont China, Holcim and Lafarge, took this opportunity Kareen Rispal, to engage with key people across functions and Lafarge Senior Vice President, geographies within their companies. In doing Sustainable Development so, they have deepened their understanding and Public Affairs I. Why procurement functions all stakeholders involved in bringing products and services to market. should be engaged in sustainability for their We believe that a sustainable supply chain can drive supply chain: competition and profit, and is a great opportunity to make a difference to companies, communities 1.
    [Show full text]
  • REQUEST for INFORMATION for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Software, and Implementation and Integration Services
    City of Rockville RFI 08-18 RFI for ERP Software and Services City of Rockville Rockville, Maryland REQUEST FOR INFORMATION For Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Software, and Implementation and Integration Services Responses Due by 2:00 P.M. Eastern Time, Friday, September 8, 2017 ISSUED BY: Jessie J. Woods, Senior Buyer Procurement Division City of Rockville, City Hall 111 Maryland Avenue Rockville, Maryland 20850 Phone: (240) 314‐8430 Fax: (240) 314‐8439 Any individual with a disability who would like to receive the information in this publication in another form may contact the ADA Coordinator at 240‐314‐8100, TDD 240‐314‐8137 MFD Outreach Program It is the intent of the City of Rockville to increase opportunities for minority, female and disabled (MFD) owned businesses to compete effectively at supplying goods, equipment, and services to the City, within the constraints of statutory purchasing requirements, departmental needs, availability, and sound economical considerations. Suggested changes and MFD enhancements to this solicitation’s requirements for possible consideration and/or inclusion in future solicitations are encouraged. Page i City of Rockville RFI 08-18 RFI for ERP Software and Services Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Intent of RFI ................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2
    [Show full text]
  • Next Generation Procurement Achieving Growth and Creating Sustainable Value 2 | Procurement Advisory Procurement Advisory | 3 Table of Contents
    Procurement Advisory Next generation procurement Achieving growth and creating sustainable value 2 | Procurement Advisory Procurement Advisory | 3 Table of Contents The Future of Procurement 04 Our View of Procurement in ASEAN 06 Driving Procurement Excellence 08 Bringing Benefits to You 10 Offerings that can Promote Excellence 12 and Innovation 4 | Procurement Advisory The Future of Procurement The role of Procurement functions must be bold, vigilant and The changing role of Procurement collaborative. They must move will see an increasing demand for is fast changing to keep beyond the traditional role of a buyer employees with strong analytical and pace with business and deliver more strategic value. strategic thinking skills, able to more This new strategic role will require effectively manage business and demands. Best-in-class Procurement’s increased collaboration vendor relationships against a backdrop Procurement functions with both business and suppliers. of a limited talent pool. are evolving to become …internally To attract and retain talent, it business partners, Collaboration with internal business is essential to develop a talent units alone is insufficient against management plan. This should shifting their focus to the backdrop of a global drive for be implemented through ongoing strategic and sustainable productivity and continuous savings. investment in Procurement training There is a need for organizations to academies and certification programs. value creation and take on a cross functional sourcing Such initiatives should also articulate preservation - to deliver approach entailing close collaboration clear retention strategies and robust bankable dollars. with key stakeholders across Business, career pathways for both existing and Finance and other areas. new Procurement professionals.
    [Show full text]
  • E-Procurement in Accounting
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Clute Institute: Journals The Review Of Business Information Systems Volume 7, Number 1 E-Procurement In Accounting: A Macro Perspective Of Selection Techniques Saravanan Muthaiyah (E-Mail: saravanan.muthaiyah @ mmu.edu.my), Multimedia University, Malaysia Murali Raman (E-mail: murali.raman @ mmu.edu.my), Multimedia University, Malaysia Larry Lombard, Ph.D. (E-mail: [email protected]), Metropolitan State College of Denver Abstract Selecting an E-procurement accounting package is a complex process because of rapidly chang- ing technology and the variety of options proposed by software providers. There are many e- procurement packages available in the market, but most of these packages simply automate the ordering process. Using an integrated system to place orders over the Internet can save time, re- duce postage and paper cost. But without integrating e-procurement packages within a compa- ny’s finance and accounting systems, one of the largest opportunities for savings is missed out. To achieve full advantage of e-procurement, the procurement system must be integrated not only within the financial system but also with vendors and customers. There are two main categories of e-procurement solutions: 1) buy-side and 2) marketplace. While the full range of benefits might be better secured with buy-side procurement solutions, application costs make marketplace solutions more affordable. For smaller companies, costs of development of buy-side solutions will most often outweigh benefits and therefore marketplace solutions will be more suitable. For large businesses that choose buy-side solutions, careful evaluation is required in selecting the best software that can best suit the company requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • Section 6: Procurement and Accounts Payable Bus Area: Fiscal Year
    Internal Control Assessment Agency: Section 6: Procurement and Accounts Payable Bus Area: Fiscal Year: Question Yes No NA Comments Purchasing Overview 1 Are all state purchases made in accordance with state and federal laws and regulations, including directives of DFA, ITS, SPB, and PSCRB? 2 Are purchasing officers knowledgeable in federal and state purchasing laws and regulations? 3 Are the Executive Director and all purchasing officers aware of penalties associated with improper and fraudulent purchases? 4 Are purchasing officers encouraged to participate in the MS Association of Government Purchasing and Property Agents training? 5 Is procurement centralized within the agency, to the extent possible? 6 Are all employees aware of the Ethics in Public Contracting section of the DFA Office of Purchasing and Travel Procurement Manual? 7 Does the agency have procedures in place to prevent splitting of purchase orders to avoid solicitation of bids or advertising for bids? 8 Is documentation maintained to support compliance with state procurement regulations? 9 Are the duties of solicitations and evaluations of bids from contract awards segregated? Internal Control Assessment Agency: Section 6: Procurement and Accounts Payable Bus Area: Fiscal Year: Question Yes No NA Comments 10 Does sole source procurement documentation support the determination of sole source and the reasonableness of price? 11 Does management approve all sole source procurements? 12 Are vendors/sub recipients who are paid with federal funds cleared against the federal
    [Show full text]
  • Government Procurement: Market Access, Transparency, and Multilateral Trade Rules*
    Government Procurement: Market Access, Transparency, and Multilateral Trade Rules* Simon J. Evenett World Trade Institute and CEPR Hallerstrasse 6, 3012 Berne, Switzerland [email protected] and Bernard M. Hoekman World Bank and CEPR 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433, USA [email protected] Revised October 2002 Abstract: The effects on national welfare and market access of two important public procurement practices (discrimination and non-transparency) are analyzed with an eye to the ongoing international discussions on procurement reform in the Doha Round as well as regional integration agreements. The analysis suggests that the welfare payoffs of adopting mechanisms that foster domestic competition and transparency are likely to be greater than the return to efforts to ban international discrimination. However, improved transparency is unlikely to result in significant enhancements in market access, which in turn raises questions about the likely enforceability of a WTO transparency agreement. Keywords: Government procurement, public purchasing, WTO, transparency, corruption, Doha Round JEL classification: F13, H57 * We are grateful to Richard Baldwin, Fernando Branco, Aaditya Mattoo, Marcelo Olarreaga, Garry Pursell, David Tarr and participants in seminars and workshops at the World Bank, CEPR, and the Brookings Institution for helpful comments and discussions on earlier versions of this paper. The views expressed are personal and should not be attributed to the World Bank. Government Procurement: Market Access, Transparency, and Multilateral Trade Rules Simon J. Evenett and Bernard M. Hoekman Introduction With the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), multilateral disciplines applying to all WTO members were established in many areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Procurement & Supply Chain Management
    Procurement & Supply Chain Management chemeketa.edu | Education: Your Key to Success Whether you would like to attain your first job in supply chain management, Procurement and Supply Chain Management associate degree improve your chances for promotion and higher pay or develop the talents (two-year program) of your employees, Chemeketa’s Procurement & Supply Chain Management program will benefit you. • Includes all of the certificate skills and knowledge • Uses ethical standards for business decisions Build your skills in business through convenient online • Provides understanding of transportation and logistics factors impacting courses efficient delivery of goods and services and inventory control • Procurement for state and local government • Practice of negotiation techniques and recognition of negotiation strategies • Contract, supply chain and project management • Connects project management tools and techniques with procurement • Business communications, math, ethics and law projects • Transportation and logistics Tuition Reimbursement • Spreadsheet applications Check with your current employer to find out about the potential for tuition • Business negotiations reimbursement for procurement management classes at Chemeketa. Earn your degree or certificate completely online For more information, please contact— Procurement Management certificate (one-year program) Karen Edwards • Complements your procurement experience E-mail [email protected] • Provides a basic understanding of procurement principles and practices Phone 503.399.3996 • Develops math and computer skills to meet professional expectations • Teaches sourcing methods for locating supplies or services through market research • Gives you tools and methods to manage suppliers and contracts successfully Chemeketa Community College is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and educational institution. To request this publication in an alternative format, please call 503.399.5192..
    [Show full text]
  • How Best in Class Companies Embrace Operational Excellence to Drive Procurement and Supply Chain Performance
    RESEARCH BRIEF MAY 2015 How Best in Class Companies Embrace Operational Excellence to Drive Procurement and Supply Chain Performance Sponsored by On behalf of RESEARCH REPORT How Best in Class Companies Embrace Operational Excellence to Drive Procurement and Supply Chain Performance Introduction Enterprises today are under enormous pressures. They must keep supply chain costs low, innovate with new products and services, and respond to rapid changes in how products are marketed and sold, while executing their operations within an increasingly volatile, complex world. Responding to all these pressures and executing well in these volatile times makes operational excellence imperative. Many leading companies have adopted Operational Excellence programs that establish a framework for supply chain performance improvement. While there are many definitions of Operational Excellence and various approaches to excellence programs, at its core, Operational Excellence is about creating value for the enterprise on a continuous, measurable basis. Value can be derived from lower procurement costs, a more resilient, risk tolerant supply chain, and improvements in customer service. As the world becomes more e-commerce driven, value also is created by excelling at logistics and fulfillment, being first to market with new products, and by rapidly capturing new channel opportunities. Operational Excellence and Procurement Excellence programs vary by company, but they might span all these areas of value creation and more. While reducing the cost of purchased materials is a high priority for most companies, Procurement Excellence programs might also address priorities such as supply chain risk and resiliency, supplier management, and leveraging partnership agility to capitalize on new markets, or corporate sustainability objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Procurement in International Trade
    DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES OF THE UNION DIRECTORATE B POLICY DEPARTMENT STUDY PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE Abstract Ensuring that public procurement markets are transparent and open to international competition is one of the most challenging aspects of trade policy. Countries may have statutory or de jure preferences for national companies or more likely, purchasing entities exercise de facto discrimination in favour of local suppliers. The Single Market Programme has resulted in public procurement in the EU become relatively transparent and thanks to liberal investment policies foreign suppliers can freely established in the EU to serve procurement markets. The EU has also made commitments under the Government Purchasing Agreement (GPA) that are more or less in line with the coverage of the EU Directives. As a consequence it has sought to persuade other WTO members to make equivalent commitments, but with only partial success. Some progress has been made at the plurilateral level in the shape of greater coverage by existing signatories to the GPA. The EU has also managed to negotiate the inclusion of public procurement in recent free trade agreements (FTAs), but access to major emerging markets such as India, China and Brazil remains an issue. After a good deal of debate the Commission has proposed the draft Regulation with the aim of harmonising the treatment of third country suppliers by EU purchasing entities and enhancing the EU’s leverage in negotiations. The Regulation will serve the purpose of enhancing EU leverage, but experience with previous efforts to open markets suggests that genuine competitive procurement markets requires ‘buy in’ on the part of key economic and political interests in the country concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategic Collaboration in Procurement
    Operations POINT OF VIEW STRATEGIC COLLABORATION IN PROCUREMENT MOVING FROM A TRANSACTIONAL RELATIONSHIP TOWARDS A BUSINESS PARTNER RELATIONSHIP Copyright © 2017 Oliver Wyman TABLE OF CONTENTS PROCUREMENT: FROM A TRANSACTIONAL TO A STRATEGIC FUNCTION 4 A TRANSFORMATIONAL JOURNEY 6 GENESIS PHASE: EARLY DEVELOPMENT AND “PUSH” MODEL 6 DEVELOPMENT PHASE: INFLECTION POINT AND TRANSITION TO THE “PULL” MODEL 7 AGILITY PHASE: SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATION INTO THE BUSINESS AND “EMBEDDED” MODEL 8 A CRITICAL FIRST STEP 10 HOW TO GET STARTED 13 CASE STUDY ONE OF THE LARGEST NEWS AND MARKET DATA PROVIDERS 14 PROCUREMENT: FROM A TRANSACTIONAL TO A STRATEGIC FUNCTION The Procurement function has evolved tremendously over the past four decades. From fulfilling a simple “buyer” function in the 1980s, to now playing a key strategic role in today’s leading organizations. Procurement has come a long way over time and continues to grow increasingly sophisticated. This evolution from a transactional to a strategic role has taken place progressively: 1. In the 1980s, Procurement divisions started becoming more common in organizations. The automotive sector and other manufacturing industries were at the forefront of this change as they started to track Procurement in a more systematic fashion 2. Procurement divisions became increasingly structured and professional in the 1990s, as new technologies were being introduced into the workplace. In the early 2000s, Procurement steered away from its “cost-cutting” image through the emergence of strategic sourcing and the recognized need for well-educated sourcing professionals who possess solid project management skills as well as true Procurement expertise 3. Today, Procurement continues to undergo significant changes and leading organizations have already integrated the function at the core of strategic considerations, understanding that it will play a central role in transforming the value chain.
    [Show full text]