1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 811

By :rtir. WARNOCK: Petition of J. M. Baldwin and 137 others, propriation be made for the improvement of Cape Fear River in for amendment of the pension laws-to the Committee on Invalid that State; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. Pensions. He also presented a petition of the Produce Exchange of Wil­ Also, papers to accompany House bill granting an increase of mington, N. C., praying for the adoption of certain amendments pension to Thomas Reed__..:_to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the bankruptcy law; which was referred to the Committee on Also, papers to accompany House bill granting a pension to the Judiciary. JesseS. Bower-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. He also presented the petition of J. M. Fox and 229 other citi­ By Mr. WEEKS: Petition of J. T. Curley and other citizens of zens of North Carolina, praying for the adoption of an amend­ Michigan, for the retention of duty on raw sugar-to the Com- ment to the Constitution to prohibit polygamy; which was mittea on Ways and Means. · referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, petition of Chicago Clearing House Association, urging He also presented a petition of Amalgamated Wood Workers' the repeal of the special tax on capital and surplus of banks, etc.­ Union No. 93, American Federation of Labor, of Winston-Salem, to the Committee on Ways and Means. N.C., praying for the enactment of legislation authorizing the Also petition of Associated Fraternities of America, praying construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; for t·elief from the ruling of the Post-Office Department exclud­ which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. ing fraternity publications from the mails as second-class mat­ Mr. SCOTT presented a petition of sundry citizens of West ter-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Virginia, praying for the adoption of an amendment to the Con­ Also, resolution of St. Clair County Farmers' Institute, Michi­ stitution to prohibit polygamy; which was referred to the Com­ gan, for the retention of the present tariff on sugar-to the Com­ mittee on the Judiciary. mittee on Ways and Means. Mr. WELLINGTON presented a petition of 50 citizens of Bal­ By Mr. WILLIAMS of illinois: Paper relating to the case of timore, Md. praying that raw sugar be restored to the free list; William Martin v. Cynthia A. Martin-to the Committee on In­ which was referred to the Committee on Finance. valid Pensions. He also presented a petition of the Shoe and Leather Board of By l'rlr. WOODS: Resolution of the California State Board of Trade, of Baltimore, Md., praying for the repeal of the duty on Trade and the Sacramento Chamber of Commerce, in oppo ition hides; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. to the proposed reduction of the present tariff rates on Cuban He also presented a petition of the Tri-State Medical Association sugar and tobacco-to the Committee on Ways and Means. of Western Maryland and West Virginia, praying for the estab­ Also, resolution of Manufacturers and Producers' Association lishment of a psycho-physical laboratory in the Department of the of California, for the maintenance of a hatchery for the propaga­ Interior; which was referred to the Committee on Education and tion of cod and the cod-fisheries industry in Alaskan waters-to Labor. · the Committee on the Merchant Marine and Fisheries. He also presented a petition of Monumental Council, No. 13, Also, resolutions of the Chamber of Commerce of San Fran­ Daughters of Liberty. of Baltimore, Md., and a petition of Local cisco, Cal., urging the creation of a department of commerce and Union No. 635, United Mine Workers of America, of Vale Sum­ industries--to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ mit, Md., praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion merce. law; which were referred to the Committee on Immigrat1on. Also, resolution of the Board of Trade of San Francisco, Cal., He also presented petitions of United Brotherhood of Carpen­ favoring change in the bankruptcy law-to the Committee on the ters and Joiners' Union No. 29, of Baltimore; of Wood Workers' Judiciary. Union No.6, of Baltimore; of Iron Molders' Union No. 24,ofBalti­ Also, resolution of the Chamber of Commerce of San Francisco, more, and of Iron Molders' Union No. 211, of Baltimore, all of Cal., against reciprocal trade relations with Cuba-to the Com­ the American Federation of Labor, in the State of Maryland, mittee on Ways and Means. praying for the enactment of legislation authorizing the construc­ By Mr. YOUNG: Resolution of Philadelphia Leaf Tobacco tion of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; which were Board of Trade, protesting against any change in the existing referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. rates of duty on tobacco or cigars-to the Committee on Ways He also presented a petition of Independent Council, No. 2, and Means. Order of United American Mechanics, of St. Louis, Mo., pray­ Also, resolutions of the Chicago Clearing Honse Association, ing for the enactment of legislation to suppress anarchy; which urging the repeal of the special tax on capital and surplus of was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. banks, etc.-to the Committee on Ways and Means. He also presented a petition of the United States Brewers' As­ Also, petition of W. J. Whitthorne and others, of Columbia, sociation of New York, praying for the repeal of the remainder Tenn., in behalf of the claim for the destruction of Jackson Col­ of the additional war tax superimposed upon the old war tax upon lege by Federal troops-to the Committee on War Claims. malt liquors; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. Also, petition of W. W. Lawrence, of Pittsburg, Pa., in relation Mr. WETMORE presented a petition of Rhode Island Lodge, to the extension of patents Nos. 273773 and 266198-to the Com­ No. 147, International Association of Machinists, of Providence, mittee on Patents. R.I., and a petition of Local Union No. 217, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and J oiners of America, of Westerly, R.I., praying SENATE. for the enactment of legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; which were .referred TUESDAY, Janua'ry 21, 1~02. to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Mr. QUARLES presented a petition of the International Typo· Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. M!LBUR..."'f, D. D. graphical Union of Kenosha, Wis., praying for the reenactment The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro­ of the Chinese-exclusion act; which was referred to the Commit~ ceedings, when, on request of Mr. PRITCHARD, and by unanimous tee on Immigration. consent, the further reading was dispensed with. He also presented a petition of the Milwaukee Association of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the Jour­ Credit Men of Wisconsin, praying for the adoption of certain nal will stand approved. amendments to the bankruptcy law; which was refen·ed to the LEASING OF L~IAN LANDS. Committee on the Judiciary. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ He also presented a petition of Local Lodge No. 474, Inter­ munication from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, in national Association of Machinists, of South Kaukauna, Wis., response to a resolution of the 7th instant, a report from the Com­ praying that an appropriation be made to supply a deficiency in missioner of Indian Affairs, containing information relative to the the ordnance fund of the Navy; which was referred to the Com­ leasing of large quantities of Indian reservations for mining, mittee on Naval Affairs. grazing, and other purposes, as shown by the records of his office, He also presented a petition of the Federated Trades Council etc.; which, with the accompanying paper, was referred to the of Madison, Wis., praying for the enactment of legislation author­ Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. izing the construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the TOPOGRAPHIC WORK OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. country; which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a communi­ Mr. FAIRBANKS presented the petition of M . L. Essick and cation from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, in response sundry other citizens of Rochester, Ind., praying for the estab­ to a resolution of the 13th instant, a letter from the Director of the lishment of reciprocal trade relations with Cuba; which was Geological Survey, together with an abstract of reports, letters, referred to the Committee on Relations with Cuba. clippings, indorsements, resolutions, and petitions indicating the He also presented petitions of Cigar Makers' Union No. 31, of demand for topographic work of the Geological Survey; which, Connersville; of the Central Labor Union of Clinton, and of Rock with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on City Union, No. 242, International Association of Machinists, of the Geological Survey, and ordered to be printed. Wabash, all of the American Federation of Labor, in the State ot Indian~, praying for the enactment of legislation authorizing the PETITIONS .AND MEMORIALS. construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; · Mr. PRITCHARD presented a petition of the Young Men's which were referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Business Association of Greensboro, N. C., praying that an ap- Mr. GAMBLE presented the petition of J. A. Fuller and 113 812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21, other citizens of· Milbank, S.Dak., and the petition of Mrs. Della He also presented a petition of Mount Vernon Council, No.190, 0. Fuller and 18 other citizens of Milbank, S. Dak., praying for Junior Order United American Mechanics, of Mon.nt Vernon, Md . , the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution to prohibit praying for the enactment of legislation to suppress anarchy; polygamy; which were referred to the Committee on the Ju- which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. diciary. Mr. FORAKER presented petitions of 105 citizens of College Mr. BLACKBURN presented petitions of sn.ndry dtizens of Hill, of 31 citizens of Macedonia, of 79 citizens of Northfield, of Lexington and Louisville·, in the State of Kentucky, praying for 38 citizens of Cincinnati, of 7 citizens of Bedford, of 2 citizens of the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution to prohibit Boston, of 117 citizens of St. Marys, of sundry citizens of Can­ polygamy; which were referred to the Committee on t_he Judiciary. nonsburg, of sundry citizens of Cleveland, and of 25 members of Mr. HEITFELD presented a petition of the Lewiston Com- the Woman's Missionary Society of the United Presbyterian mercia! Club, of Lewiston, Idaho, praying that an appropriation Church, of Jamestown, all in the State of Ohio, praying for the be made for the removal of obstructions in the Columbia River . adoption of an amendment to the Constitution to prohibit polyg­ at The Dalles and Celilo, in that State; which was referred to the amy; which were referred to-the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on Commerce. He also presented petitions of the Bricklayers' International Mr. COCKRELL presented the petition of S. H. Carn, of Union No. 10, of East Liverpool; of Press Assistants' Union No. Cameron, Mo., praying for the establishment of reciprocal trade 17, of Cincinnati; of the Press Feeders' Union No. 10, of Zanes­ relations with Cuba; which was referred to the Committee on ville; of Typographical Union No. 69, of Newark, and of the Relations with Cuba. Trades Union and Labor Council, of Newark, all in the State of He also presented the petitions of J. T. Outen, of West Plains: Ohio, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law~ of W. F. Spottswood, of Kansas City; of John K. Lord, jr., of wpj.ch were referred to the Committee on Immigration. St. Louis, and of John Garnett, of Ewing, all in the State of He also presented petitions of Local Lodge No.148, of Spring­ Missouri, praying for a reduction in the tariff duties on imports field, and of Local Lodge No. 200, of Youngstown, all of the In­ from Cuba; which were referred to the Committee on Finance. ternational Association of Machinists, in the State of Ohio, pray- He also presented a petition of the Cotton Exchange of St. ing that an appropriation be made to supply a deficiency in the Louis, Mo., and a petition of the Business Men's League of St. ordnance fund of the Navy; which were referred to the Commit­ Louis, Mo., praying that an adequate appropriation be made for tee on Naval Affairs. the improvement of the rivers and harbors of the country; which He also presented a petition of the Farmers' Institute of Gays- were referred to the Committee on Commerce. port, Ohio, praying for the passage of the so-called Grout bill to He also presented apetition of sundry citizens of Fleming, Mo., regulate the manufacture and sale of oleomargarine; which was praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which referred to the Committee on Agliculture and Forestry. was referred to the Committee on Immigration. He also presented petitionsof 63 members of Lucy Webb Hayes. He also presented a petition of the Credit Men's Association of Council, No.5, Daughters of Liberty, of East Liverpool; 98 mem­ St. Louis, Mo., praying for the adoption of certain amendments bers of Our Pride Connell, No. 15, Daughters of Liberty, of Bel­ to the bankruptcy law; which was referred to the Committee on laire, and of Banner Council, No. 24, Daughters of Liberty, of the Judiciary. Dayton, all in the State of Ohio, praying for the reenactment of He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of St. Joseph, the Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred to the Committee Mo., praying for the adoption of an amendment to the Constitu- on Immigration. tion to prohibit polygamy; which was referred to the Committee He also presented petitions of Potters' Union No.4, Kilndraw- on the Judiciary. ers' Local Union No. 17, National Brotherhood of Operative Pot- He also presented petitions of the Creamery Company of Drexel; ters; Kilnmen's Local Union No. 9, National Brotherhood of Op­ of the Retail Grocers' Association of St. Joseph; of the Creamery erative Potters; Dishwashers' Union No. 29, and Potters' Local Company of Centerview; of the Creamery Company of Cleveland; Union No. 12, National Brotherhood of Operative Potters, all of of the Creamery Company of Leeton; of the Creamery Company East Liverpool; of the Central Labor Union of Canton; of Ship of Strasburg; of the State Board of Agriculture, of Columbia; of Carpenters' Union No. 6976, of Toledo; of Hod Carriers and Tend­ the Brady-Meriden Creamery Company, of Kansas City; of James ers' Union No. 8931, of Chillicothe; of Blast Furnace Workers' Orchard, of West Plains; of A. J. Hamby, of Ava; of J. L. Union No. 8872, of Girard; of Iron Molders' Union No. 61, of :Maynard, of Columbia, and of J. G. Weinhold, of Wittenburg, Salem; of Carpenters and Joiners' Union No. 294, of East Pales­ all in the State of Missouri, praying for the passage of the so- tine; of Roisters and Engineers' Union No~ 132, of Cleveland; of called Grout bill, to regulate the manufacture and sale of oleo- Nut Makers' Protective Union No. 9251, of Cleveland; of Tin margarine; which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture Plate Workers' Union No. 23, of Lisbon; of United Garment and Forestry. Workers' Union No. 121, of Cincmnati; of Directory Workers' Mr. CLARK of Montana presented a petition of Mineral Hill Union No. 9014, of Cincinnati; of the Cigar Makers' Union No. Lodge, No. 130, Brotherhood of Boiler Makers and Shipbuilders, 137, bf Massillon; of Plumbers and Steamfitters' Union No. 252, American Federation of Labor, of Butte, Mont., praying for the of Massillon; of Painters and Paper Hangers' Union No. 318, of enactment of legislation authorizing the construction of war ves- Massillon; of Team Drivers' Union No. 25, of Youngstown; of sels in the navy-yards of the country; which was referred to the Springdale Local Union No. 30, of Youngstown; of Neilson Union Committee on Naval Affairs. No. 38, of Youngstown, arid of the Pattern Makers' Union of Mr. HOAR presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Haver- Youngstown, all of the American Federation of Labor, in the hill, Mass., praying for the adoption of certain changes in the State of Ohio, praying for the enactment of legislation authoriz­ preference clause in the bankruptcy law; which was referred t.o ing the construction.of war vessels in the navy-yards of the conn- the Committee on the Judiciary. try; which were referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. He also presented a petition of the Pressmen's Local Union No. 102, of Brockton, Mass., praying for the reenactment of the Chi- REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. nese-exclusion law; which was referred to the Committee on Im- Mr. PRITCHARD, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom migration. . was referred the bill (S. 511) granting a pension to Jennie A. He also presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce of Kerr, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report Sacramento, Cal., praying for the establishment of reciprocal thereon. trade relations with Cuba; which was refened to the Committee He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the on Finance. bill (S. 1355) granting a pension to Lura B. Rogers, reported it He also presented a petition of the Board of Trade of Haverhill, with an amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Mass., praying that an appropriation be made for the improve- He also, from the same committee, to whom were referred the ment of the channel of the Merrimack River, in that State; which following bills, reported them severally with amendments, and was referred to the Committee on Commerce. submitted reports thereon: Mr. McCO:?!IAS presented a petition of sundry substitute letter A bill (S. 1164) granting an increase of pension to Lewis W. carriers of Baltimore, Md., praying for the enactment of legisla- Moore; and tion increasing the compensation of substitute letter carriers; A bill (S. 2303) grantinganincreaseofpension toNoahF. Chafee. which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post- Mr. SCOTT, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom Roads. was referred the bill (S. 560) to correct the military record of He also presented the petition of John T. Mason, of Baltimore, John Shelton, reported it without amendment. Md., administrator of the estate of Archibald McLachland, de- Mr. CLARKofWyoming,fromtheCommitteeonPublicLands, ceased, praying that certain relief be granted him under. the to whom was referred the bill (S. 310) granting to the State of French spoliation claims; which was referred to the Com.rmttee Wyoming 50,000 acres of land to aid in the continuation, enlarge­ on Claims. ment, and maintenance of the Wyoming State Soldiers and Sailors' He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Germantown Home, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report and Darnestown, in the State of Maryland, praying for the adop- thereon. tion of an amendment to the Constitution to prohibit polygamy; Mr. GAMBLE, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. was referred the bill (S. 2866) for the relief of bona fide settlers 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 813

in forest reserves, reported it without amendment, and submitted Mr. McMILLAN introduced a bill (S. 3069) to provide for a a. report thereon. bureau of identification of criminals, under the control of the Mr. McCUMBER, from the Committee on Public Buildings and Commissioners of the District of Columbia; which was read twice Grounds, to whom was referred the bill (S. 331) for enlarging by its title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the the public building at Hartford, Conn., reported it without amend­ Committee on the District of Columbia. ment, and submitted a. report thereon. Mr. LODGE introduced a. bill (S. 3070) to pay the findings of Mr. McMILLAN, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to the Court of Claims in certain French spoliation claims; which was whom was referred the bill (S. 1111) to amend an act entitled ".An read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. act to amend section 3719 of the Revised Statutes, relative to Mr. GAMBLE introduced a bill (S. 3071) to amend an act rela­ guarantees on proposals for naval supplies" reported it without tive to homestead entries; which was read twice by its title, and amendment, and submitted a. report thereon. referred to the Committee on Public Lands. EMPLOYMENT OF MESSENGER. Mr. DILL.INGHAM introduced a bill (S. 3072) granting a pen­ sion to Oliver Gisborne; which was read twice by its title, and Mr. QUAY, from the Committee on Organization, Conduct, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Expenditures of the Executive Departments, reported the follow­ Mr. CLAPP introduced a. bill (S. 3073) granting a pension to ing resolution; which was referred to the Committee to Audit Abbie Webster; which was read twice by its title, and referred to and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate: the Committee on Pensions. - Resolved, That the Committee on Organization, Conduct, and Expenditures of the Executive Departments be, and it hereby is, authorized to employ a He also introduced a bill (S. 3074) for the relief of Edwin Bell; messenger, to be paid from the contin~ent fund of the Senate, at the rate of which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee $1,440 per annum, untll otherwise proVlded for by law. . on Patents. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION INTRODUCED. He also introduced a bill (S. 3075) to authorize the erection of Mr. TELLER introduced a bill (S. 3053) granting an increase a monument at Lundys Lane to the memory-of Capt. Abraham of pension toW. A. Gunn; which was read twice by its title, and F. Hall; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the referred to the Committee on Pensions. Committee on the Library. He also introduced a. bill (S. 3054) granting an increase of pen­ Mr. SCOTT introduced a. bill (S. 3076) to amend section 6 of an sion to Alice De K. Shattuck; which was read twice by its title, act entitled ".An act defining butter, also imposing a tax upon and and referred to the Committee on Pensions. regulating the manufacture, sale, importation, and exportation of Mr. WELLINGTON introduced a. bill (S. 3055) for the relief oleomargarine," approved August 2, 1886; which was read twice of Mason G. Ellzey, executor of William W. Ellzey, deceased; by its title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. . on Claims.- He also introduced a bill (S. 3077) to amend section 41 of an Mr. ·HANSBROUGH introduced a. bill (S. 3056) for the relief act entitled ''.An act to reduce the revenue and equalize duties on of Abram Gravelstein; which was read twice by its title, and re­ imports, and for other purposes," approved October 1, 1890; ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying He also introduced a. bill (S. 3057) appropriating the receipts paper, referred to the Committee on Finance. from the sale and disposal of public lands in certain States and Mr. MORGAN introduced a bill (S. 3078) to provide · for the Territories to the construction of irrigation works for the recla­ appointment of James Longstreet, of Georgia., on the retired list mation of arid lands; which was read twice by its title. of the Army of the United States with the rank and retired pay Mr. HANSBROUGH. Mr. President, this is a. bill which was of a major; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the unanimously agreed upon at a. conference consisting of the Sen­ Committee on Military Affairs. - ators and Representatives from thirteen States and the Delegates Mr. MASON introduced a bill (S. 3079) granting an increase of from three Territories. It is in nearly all respects identical with pension to Lemon Hill Wiley; which was read twice by its title, the bill which I had the honor to introduce at the last session of and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Congress and which was reported unanimously from the Com­ Mr. McCOMAS introduced a bill (S. 3080) to provide for the mittee on Public Lands. I was directed by the conference to opening of Elm street north from Fifth street to Seventh street, introduce the bill and to move that it be referred to the Commit­ and for the opening of Wilson street north from Fifth to Seventh tee on Public Lands. I make that motion. street, and for the opening of Sixth street north from Spruce street The motion was agreed to. to Pomeroy street; which was read twice by its title, and referred Mr. FOSTER of Louisiana introduced a. bill (S. 3058) for re­ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. lief of the heirs of Laura Delahoussaye; which was read twice by He also introduced a bill (S. 3081) granting an increase of pen­ its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. sion to Leonard A. Norton; which was read twice by its title,· Mr. PRITCHARD introduced a bill (S. 3059) to provide for a and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on clerk of the district and circuit courts of the United States held Pensions. in Charlotte, N.C.; which was read twice by its title, and re­ He also introduced a. bill (S. 3082) granting a pension to Henry ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. C. Burgan; which was read twice by its title, and, with the ac­ He _also introduced a bill (S. 3060) appropriating $5,000 to in­ companying paper, referred to the Committee on Pensions. close and beautify the monument on the Moores Creek battle­ Mr. CULLOM introduced a bill (S. 3083) providing for the ad­ field, North Carolina· which was read twice by its title, and, with judication of certain claims by the Court of Claims; which was the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on the read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. Library. _ . Mr. FRYE introduced a bill (S. 3084) granting a pension to He also introduced a bill (S. 3061) to correct the military rec­ John Holland; which was read twice by its title, and, with the ord of Willis Hicks; which was read twice by its title, andre­ accompanying papers, referred to the Conunittee on Pensions. ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also introduced a bill (S. 3085) granting an increase of pen­ He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 3062) for the relief of sion to Margaret Holland; which was read twice by its title, and James M. Howard, administrator of Thomas S. Howard, deceased; referred to the Committee on Pensions. which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Mr. MONEY introduced the following bills; wh,ich were sever­ Claims. ally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on He also introduced the following bills; which were severally Claims: read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Pen­ A bill (S. 3086) for the relief of the estate of Purify Tingle, sions: decea-sed; · A bill (S. 3063) granting an increase of pension to H. J. Edge; A bill (S. 3087) for the relief of Mary Ann Jackson; A bill (S. 3064) granting an increase of pension to Emma. Sophia A bill (S. 3088) for the relief of Julia A. Thomas, administratrix Harper Cilley (with an accompanying paper); of the estate of I. S. 0. G. Greer, deceased; and A bill (S. 3065) granting an increase of pension to John R. Savage A bill (S. 3089) for the relief of Jefferson J. Birdsong. (with an accompanying paper); and Mr. PETTUS introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 42) provid­ A bill (S. 3066) granting an increase of pension to James N. ing for the introduction of testimony in behalf of the defendant Morgan (with an accompanying paper). ih all preliminary hearings of a criminal nature; which was read Mr. GALLINGER introduced a bill (S. 3067) granting an ap­ twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on the Judi?iary. propriation to the trustees of the Woman's National Industrial Exhibit of the City of Washington, D. C.; which was read twice· AMEND~ TO URGENT DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATION BILL. by its title, and referred to the Select Committee on Industrial Mr. TURNER submitted an amendment proposing to appro­ Expositions. priate $412,572.70 to repay to the Government of Mexico money He also (by request) introduced a. bill (S. 3068) for the regula­ erroneously claimed by and paid to the United States on account tion of scientific experimentation upon human beings and animals of awards adjudged to have been fraudulently made in the La in the District of Columbia; which was read twice by its title, Abra. and Weil claims, intended to be proposed by him to the and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on urgent deficiency appropriation bill; which was referred to the the District of Columbia, Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be printed. 814 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-8ENATE. JANUARY 21,

Mr. F AIRB.ANKS snbmitted an amendment proposing to a}>­ Mr. CULBERSON. That will be atisfactory Mr.. President. propriate 131!515.81 and $689,146.29 to reimburse the States of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution will be indefi­ Maine and Pennsylvania respectiv"8ly, for expenses inC111Ted in nitely postponed, in the absence of objection. raising volunteer , and al o providing for the reopening of claims Mr. NELSON. I ask unanimous consent to call up for consid­ of like character heretofore disallowed by the accounting officers eration the bill (S. 569) toe tablish the department of commerce. of the·Treasury Department, intended to be propo ed by him to Mr. CULBERSON. Before that is done, I desire to a k the the urgent deficiency appropriation bill; which was referred to Senator from Massachusetts if he has the statements and criticisms the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. and correspondence with reference to the customs tariff in the STEPHEN BffiD. Philippines now ready to be printed as a document? Mr. LODGE. I understand they are all here. I have the com­ Mr. COCKRELL submitted the following resolution; which parison of the old Spanish tariff, the tariff as first made by the was referred to the Committee on Claims: Commission, the correspondence with the War Department over Resolved, Thn.t the bill (S. 2973) entitled ".A. bill for the relief of Stephen Bird, executor of John Bird, decea ed," now pending in the Senate, together the changes proposed by the War Department, and the tariff as with all the acc~mpa~ying papers, ~< and t~~ same is hereb~ 1 .referred to finally agreed on by the Commission after its return. Here is a . the Court of Clarms, m pursuance of me proV1S1ons of a.n act entitiied ".A.n act memorandum of the changes made by the Division of Insnlar to provide for the bringing of suits against the Government of the United States," approved March 3,1887 . .A.nd the said court shall proceed with the Affairs, with the approval of the Secretary of War, with the tariff same in accordance with the pro\isions of such act, and report to the Senate law of 1901, as propo ed by the United States Philippine Com­ in a.ccordance therewith. mission, with a statement of the reasons for every change. I EMPLOYMENT OF STE~OGRAPHER. understood from Colonel Edwards that everything had been sent Mr. PENROSE submitted the following resolution; which was in relating to the tariff. referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The inquiry of the Senator Expen es of the Senate: from Texas was whether or not the Senator from Massachusetts Resolved, That the Committee on Immigration be authorized to employ a had asked that it be printed as a document. stenographer to report hearings before said committee on bills referred to it, Mr. LODGE. I have not yet done so, I was going to make the expenses thereof to be paid·1rom the contingent fund of the Senate. that request. THE TRANSPORT SERVICE. Mr. CULBERSON. It seems to me that on the statement of Mr. MITCHELL ·submitted -the following resolution; which the Senator from Massachusetts, the matter he has in hand is not was considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: a full answer to the resolution. We want the correspondence Resolved, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, directed to between persons and corporations which may have been had with transmit to the Senate, at his earliest convenience, the followmg infortna.­ the War Department as the basis of the action of that Depart­ tion: ment in making certain recommendations to the Philippine Com­ Fir t. The number and name and tonnage of Government transports now owned by the United States, with the dates of the purchase thereof, respec­ mi sion. We understand from the report <>f the Secretary of tively and from what person, firm, or corporation purchased, and the price War that certain changes were recommended by the Secretary for each, and terms of payment. and adopted by the Philippine Commission, but the inquiry (}OV­ Second. The number, name, and tonnage, respectively, of Government transports now held by the United States or the War Department, if any, ered by the resolution is to obtain the correspondence between under lease., and the dat~s, respectively, of each of such leases, and the dura­ the War Department and persons or corporations in this country tion and terms thereof. with reference to the advisability and the expediency of the Third. The amounts paid by the Government for repairs on each of the transports hereinbefore referred to since the purchase or lease thereof, re­ changes made by the Secretary of War. spectively, and to what person. firm, or corporation paid. Now, unless the Senator from Ma sachnsetts will state that Fourth. The number of trips made by each Government transport between that correspondence is here and will be printed as a document, I any port of the United States and the port of Manila, Philippme Archipel­ ago, inca January 1,1901, and by what transports and from what port in the must insist upon the consideration at this time of the resolution United tates did each of such transports sail; also the number of trips made introduced by me yesterday. during the same period by Government transports from the J>Ort of Manila, Mr. LODGE. I do not know how much of that is given here Philippine Archipelago, to any port or ports of the United States, and by what transports and to what ports, respectively, in the United States were or whether all of it is given. I supposed from the statement such arrivals. made to me that

! Mr. NELSON. I move to proceed to the consideration of the Nebr., approved February 13, 1891, and amended by an act ap­ bill (S. 569) to establish the department of commerce. proved January 28, 1893, and by an act approved April21, 1898, I The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Minnesota and to autp.orize the Omaha Bridge and Terminal Railway Com­ move to proceed to the consideration of the bill, notwithstanding pany, successor to the Interstate Bridge and Street Railway Com­ the objection of the Senator from Alabama. pany, to complete, reconstruct, and change a bridge for railway Mr. HOAR. I do not mean to interfere with my friend from and street railway purposes over the Missouri River near Council Minnesota, but I should like to suggest that there are a great many Bluffs Iowa, and Omaha, Nebr., was considered as in Committee cases on the Calendar not of much public importance, but each of the Whole. · ' one of them probably affects the comfort and happiness of some The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with life or family. These are pension bills and a few other bills for amendments. relief, one particularly that I have in mind for a constituent of The first amendment was, on page 3, line 22, section 1, after the mine. When we get launched on the long legislative matters word" assigns," to insert: , which are before us we may not get at the Calendar again for a And be approved from time to time by the Secretary of War, and in case' of any litigation concer~ any alleged obstruction to the free navigation of month or two. I will not interfere now with my friend's request, said river on account of said bridge, the ca1189 may be tried before the cit•• but I hope that at some early day after this bill is passed we may cuit court of the United States in whose jurisdiction any portion of s:lid ob­ give two or three hours to the Calendar and clear it off as far as struction or bridge is located. pos ible. So as to read: Mr. BERRY. I -hope the Senator from Minnesota will let us &id bridge shall be constructed to provide for the passage of milwav trains; street-railway cars and motor cars at such reasonable rates of toll go on with the Calendar for an hour or so. There are four or five and under such reasonable rules and regulations as may be prescribed b bridge bills on the Calendar which I have reported, and the par­ said corporation, its successors and assigns, and be approved from time tO ties are pressing me and say it is very important that they should time by the Secretary of War, etc. be passed. I trust the Senator will let us run on with the Calen­ The amendment was agteed to. dar for an hour, and then his bill can come up. The next amendment was, on page 4, line 22, section 2, after Mr. NELSON. In view of the request of the Senator from the word "company," to insert" its successors or assigns;" in Arkansas, I will withdraw my motion. line 25, after the word "river," to strike out "beyond what is nec­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Minnesota essary to carry into effect the rights and privileges hereby withdraws his motion, and the Senate will proceed to the consid­ granted;" on page 5, line 2, after the wm·d "corporation,'' to eration of the Calendar in regular order. insert "its successors or assigns; " and in line 4, before the word Mr. COCKRELL. That is right. "drawings," to insert the word" and;" so as to read: .AMENDMENT OF DISTRICT CODE. Any change in the construction or any alteration of said bridge that may be ditected at any time by Congress or the Secretary of War, shall be made The bill (S. 493) to amend an act entitled "An act to establish at the cost and expense of the Omaha Bridge and Terminal Railway Com­ a code of law for the District of Columbia" was announced as pany, its successors or assigns. The said bridge shall be constructed with­ out interference with the security and convenience of navigation of said first in order on the Calendar. river, and in order to secure that object the said corporation, ita successors Mr. COCKRELL. The Senator reporting that bill is not pres~ or assigns, shall submit to the Secret.ary of War, for his examination and ent. Let it be passed over without losing its place. approval, a design of and drawings for said bridgeJ and a map of the proposed location giving, for the st>ace of 1 mile above and 1 mile below such proposed The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will go over without location, the high and low water lines upon the banks of the river, the direc­ prejudice. tion and strength of the currents at all stages of the water, with soundings Mr. COCKRELL. Without prejudice. accurately showing the bed of the stream and the location of any other bridge or bridges, such maps to be sufficiently in detail to enable the Secre­ ISTIDfiA.N CANAL. tary of War to judge of the proper location of said bridge, and shall furnish such other information as may be required for a full understanding of the The bill (S. 451) to provide for acquiring the rights necessary subject; and until any changes in the plan of the bridge are approved by the for the construction of a canal connecting the waters of the A~ Secretary of War the construction of said bridge shalf not be commenced. lantic and Pacific oceans was announced as the next in order. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. COCKRELL. Let that bill take the same course. The next amendment was, on page 5, line 21, section B, after the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will go over without word" be," to strike out "maintained" and insert" built; " in line prejudice. 24, after the word "selected," to strike out "and the" and insert TRANSFER OF CEl~SUS RECORDS. "The;" in line 25, after the word" under," to strike out" such" The bill (S. 1833) providing for the transfer of census records and insert" all," and in the same line, after the word" spans," and volumes to the Census Office, and for other purposes~ was to insert" measured to the lowest point of the superstructure;" announced as next in order. on page 6, line 2, after the word" line./' to insert" for bridges;" Mr. COCKRELL. Let that bill be passed over for the present. in line 3, after the word " Commission,'' to 'strike out ''in 1889 The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be passed over and now in force;" and in line 6, after the word "river," to for the present. insert "as n.ear as may be;" so as to read: WELL~GTON D. CURTIS. That said bridge shall be constructed as a pivot drawbridge, with two draw spans, each of which shall afford two clear openings of not less than 200 The bill (S. 1029) granting an increase of pension to Welling­ feet each, one of which draw spans shall be built over the main channel of ton D. Curtis was cOnsidered as in Committee of the Whole. It the river at an accessible and na'Vigable point, and with such fixed span or spans as may be necessary to span the waterway at the crossing selected. proposes to place on the pension roll the name of Wellington D. The headroom under all spans measurM to the lowest point of the super­ Curtis, late of Company D; Twenty-third Regiment Maine Vol­ structure shall not be le than 10 feet above the standard hi~h-water grade unteer Infantry, and to pay him a pension of $30 per month in line for bridges established by. the Missouri River CoiilllllSSion, and the piers of said bridge shall be parallel with, and the briuge itself at right angles lieu of that he is now receiving. to, the current of the river as near as may be. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The amendment was agreed to. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The next amendment was, on page 6, line 6, to strike out the TEMPY FRENCH. following words: The bill (S. 2485) granting an increase of pension to Tempy Provided also, That one of said draws shall be opened promptly by said French was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes company, upon reasonable security, for the passage of boats and rafts. to place on the pension roll the name of Tempy French, widow of And in lieu thereof to insert: John L. French, late of Company E, First Regiment New Hamp­ Provided also, That said draw sy_ans shall each be provided with an shire Volunteer Heavy Artillery, and to pay her a pension of $15 efficient mechanical motor for rap1d operation, and that at all times the motor controlling the draw over the existing steamboat channel shall be in a per month in lieu of that she is now receiving. condition to operate, a.nd shall promptly open the draw for the passage of The bill was reporte~ to the ~enate without ~me:J?-dmentz. ordered boats or rafts upon reasonable signal. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, ana passed. The amendment was agreed to. NELLIE M. EMERY. The next amendment was, in section 3, on page 6, line 14, to The bill (S. 2390) granting a pension to Nellie M. Emery was strike out the words " said company or corporation" and insert considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place "the owners of said bridge;" and in line 15 to strike out" its" on the pension roll the name of Nellie M. Emery, widow of and insert " their." George W. Emery, late of Company H, Sixth and Eleventh Regi­ The amendment was agreed to. ments New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, and to pay her a pen­ The next amendment was, in section 3, page 6, line 19, after the sion of $8 per month. word" Company," to insert" its successors or assigns;" in line The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered 20, after the word "maintain," to strike ont " under the direc­ to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. tion and supervision of the Secretary of War;" in line 21, after the word" such," to insert" guide piers, dikes, booms;" in line MISSOURI RIVER BRIDGE .A.T OMAHA. 22, after the word "dams," to strike out "and booms·" in the The bill (S. 1295) to amend an act authorizing the construction same line, after the word "other," to strike out "wo;ks" and of a railway, street railway, motor, wagon, and pedestrian bridge insert "structures as may be;" in line 23, before the word "chan­ over the Missouri River near Council Bluffs, Iowa, and Omaha, nel," to strike out " the " and insert " a navigable;;, and after 816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY. 21, the word" channel," to strike out " within" and insert "through the words " over the," to strike out " said bridge " and insert one of;" in line 24, after the word "bridge," to strike out" and "draw span;" and in line 18) after the word" boats," to strike shall at their own expense maintain" and insert "having;" on out '' whose construction shall not be such as to admit of their page 7, line 1, to strike out the words "through one of said draw passage under the draw of said bridge when closed;" so as to spans;" before the words "not less t~an that," and after the make the section read: words "not less than that," to strike out the word ''now;" in line SEa. 3. That if said bridge shall be made with unbroken and continuous 2, after the word" existing," to strike out the words" as shown spans it shall not be of less elevation in an-y case than 50 feet above high­ water mark, as understood a.t point of locatiOn, to the lowest member of the by the report of the War Department at the point where said bridge superstructure, and shall have a.t least one channel span of not less bridge is located; and" and insert "in the channel above and than 400 feet clear channel way, all other spans over the waterway to have a below said bridge; and that such structures or works shall be clear channel way of not less than ROO feet, and the piers of said bridge shall be parallel with the current of said river, and the bridge itself a.t right an­ satisfactory to and subject to the approval of the Secretary of gles thereto as near as may be: Provided, That if said brid~e be constructed War; and if;" in line 7, after the word" Company," to insert" its as a. drawbridge, it shall be constructed as a pivot dra.wbndge, with a. draw successors or assigns," and in line 12, after the word" Company," over the main channel of the river at a.n accessible and the best navigable point, and with spans of not less than 200 feet in length in the clear on each at the end of the section, to insert" its successors or assigns;" so side of the central or pivot pier of the draw; and sara spans shall not be less as to read: than 10 feet above extreme high-water markJ measuring to the lowest mem­ Provided further, That the said Omaha. Bridge and Terminal Railway ber of the bridge superstructure: And proviaed also, That said draw shall be Company, its successors or assigns, shall, a.t its own expense, build and opened promptly upon reasonable signal\ except when trains are passing maintain such guide piers, dikes, booms, wing dams or other structures over the draw span, for the passage of the ooats; but in no case shall unnec­ a.s may be necessary to maintain a. navigable channel through one of the essary delay occur in opening the said draw after the ya.ssa.ge of trains; and draw spans of said bridge, having a. depth of wat0r not less than that nor­ the said company or corporation shall maintain, at 1t.B own expense, from mally existing in the channel above and below said bridge, and that such sunset to sunrise~.such lights or other signals on said bridge as the Light­ structures or works shall be satisfactory to and subject to the approval of House Board shall prescribe. the Secretary of War; and if said Omaha Bridge and Terminal Railway Com­ - The amendment was agreed to. pany, its successors or assi~ shall fail to maintain such channel as a.fore­ sai~ then the Secretary of VV a.r may cause said channel to be opened and The next amendment was, on page 5, section 5, line 5, after the maintained at proper dE~pth for navigation through one of said spans at the word" construction1" to insert" or after completion;" in line 7, expense of said Omaha Bridge and Terminal Railway Company, it.B succes­ before the word "sa1d," to strike out "if;" in the same line, after sors or assigns. the word "bridge," to strike out "is not commenced within two The amendment was agreed to. years and completed within four years from the passage of this The next amendment was, on page 8, line 17, section 6, after the act, the rights and privileges hereby granted shall be null and word" Company," to insert" its successors or assigns;" and after void" and insert " shall be changed at the cost of the owners the word "parties," line 23, to add " and equal privileges in the thereof, from time to time, as the Secretary of War may' direct, so use of said bridge shall be granted to all telegraph and telephone as to preserve the free and convenient navigation of said river;" companies.'' so as to make the section read: · The amendment was agreed to. SEO. 5. That any bridge authorized to be constructed under this act shall The next amendment was, on page 9, line 4, section 7, after the be built and located under and subject to such regulations for the security word " Company," to insert "its successors or assigns;" and at of navigation of said river as the Secretary of War shall prescribe; and to secure that object the said company or corporation shall submit to the Secre­ the end of the section, after the word" Company," to insert "its tar¥ of War, for his examination and approval, a design and drawings of the successors or assigns.'' · bridge, and a. map of the location, givmg, for the space of one mile above The amendments were agreed to. and one mile below the proposed location, the topo~phy of the banks of the river, the shore lines a.t high and low water, the direction and strength of The next amendment was, on page 9, line 18, section 8, before the current a.t all sta~es, and the soundings accurately showing the ood of the word' • dikes,'' to strike out '' or,'' and, after the word'' dikes,'' the stream the location of any other bridge or bridges, and shall furnish to insert "or other structures;" after the word " required," at such other information1 as may be required for a full and satisfactory under­ standing of the subject; and until the said plan and location of the bridge are the end of the line, to strike out" by the Secretary of War;" and approved by the Secretary of War the bndge shall not be built; and should in line 22, after the word "built," to insert "upon plans approved any change be made in the plan of said bridge during the progress of con­ by the Secretary of War;" so as to make the proViso read: struction, or after completion, such change shall be subject to the approval of the Secretary of War; and said bridge shall be changed a.t the cost of the · P1·ovided, Th.8.t the navigation of the Missouri River shall not be obstructed owners thereof, from time to time, as the Secretary of War may direct, so as by false works during the construction of the bridge: And provided further, to preserve the free and convenient navigation of said river. · That such guide piers, dikes, or other structures as may be required for the maintenance of a safe channel through the draw spaces as they are arranged, The amendment was agreed to. pending the construction of the permanent bridge.,. shall be at once built, The next amendment was, on page 5, section 6, line 14, after upon plans approved by the Secretary of War, ana maintained until they shall be no longer necessary. the word " reserved," to strike out: And the right to require any changes in said structure or it.B entire re­ The amendments were agreed to. moval, at the expense of the owners thereof, whenever Congress shall decide The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- that the public interest requires it, is also expressly reserved; ments were' concurred in. • · So as to make the section read: The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read SEa. 6. That the right to alter, amend, or repeal this act is hereby expressly the third time, and passed. reserved. The preamble was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. MISSOURI RIVER BRIDGE AT ST. JOSEPH, MO. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill (S. 1165) to authorize the construction of a bridge over ments were concurred in. the Missouri River at or near the city of St. Joseph, Mo., was con­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read sidered as in Committee of the Whole. the third time, -and passed. The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with MISSOURI RIVER BRIDGE AT OACOMA, S. D.A.K. amendments. The bill (S. 911) authorizing the Federal Railroad Company to The first amendment was, on page 1, section 1, line 8, after the construct a combined railroad, wagon, and foot-passenger bridge word "Missouri," to strike out "said bridge when built shall not across the Missouri River at or near the village of Oacoma, Lyman be located less than one-third of 1 mile from any other bridge County, S. Dak., was announced as next in order on the Calendar. across· said river then built or in process of construction;'' so as The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair calls the attention to make the section read: of the Senator from South Dakota [Mr. GAMBLE] to this bill. That the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Company, a. corpora­ Mr. GAMBLE. I ask that the consideration of the bill be de­ tion existing under the laws of the States of illinois and Iowa., be, and is ferred for the present. hereby, authorized to construct operate, and maintain a. bridge over the Missouri River a.t or near the mty1 of St. Joseph, in said State of Missouri. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator desire the Said bridge shall be constructed to provide for the passage of railway trains, bill to go over without prejudice? and, at the option of the persons by whom it may be built, may be used for Mr. GAMBLE. Yes, sir. the passage of wagons and vehicles of all kinds, for the transit of animals and for foot passengers, for such reasonable rates of toll as may be approved The PRESIDENT pro tempore. That order will be made. from time to time by the Secretary of War; and in case of any litigation con­ .ARKANSAS RIVER BRIDGE. cerning any alleged obstruction to the free navigation of said river on account of said bridge the cause may be tried before the circuit court of the United The bill (S. 1838) authorizing the Memphis, Helena and Louisi­ States in whose jurisdiction any portion ot said obstruction or bridge is ana Railway Company to construct and maintain a bridge across located. the Arkansas River, in the State of Arkansas, was considered as The amendment was agreed to. in Committee of the Whole. The next amendment was, on page 2, section 3, line 24, after the The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with word " superstructure," to strike out "nor shall the spans of said amendments, on page 4, section 5, line 11, after the word "loca­ bridge over the main channel of said river be less than 350 feet in tion," to strike out "prepared with reference to a known datum length" and insert" and shall have at least one channel span of plane, upon prescribed scale, furnished by the engineer officer not less than 400 feet clear channel way, all other sp~ns over the having supervision of said river, and;" and in line 22, after the waterway to have a clear channel way of not less than 300 feet;" word 'construction," to iru!ert "or after completion;" so as to on page 3, in line 7, after the word" thereto," to insert" as near make the section read: as may be;" in line 14, before the word "mark," to st~e out SEc. 5. That the bridge authorized to be constructed under this act s.aa.ll "low water " and insert " extreme high water;" in line 17, after be built and }(~ca. ted under and su~ect to such regulations for the security of 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 8i7 navigation of said river as the Secretary of War shall prescribe, and to secure The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered· that object the said company or corporation shall submit to. the Secretary of War, for his examination and approval, a design and drawings of said brioge to be engrossed for a third reading, r~d the third time, and passed. and a map of the location, giving for the space of 1 mile above and 1 mile be­ GEORGE F ARNE. low the proposed location of the bridge the topography of the banks of the river, Wlth shore lines at high and low water, and shall furnish such other in­ The bill (S. 2262) granting an increase of pension to George formation as may be required for a full and satisfactory understanding of Fame was considered as in Committee of the Whole. the subject; and until the said J?laru! and location of the bridge are approved The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with by the Secretary of War the bndge shall not be built, and should any change be made in the plans of the said bridge durina the process of construction or amendments, in line 7, before the word " Volunteer," to strike after completion such change shall be subject to the approval of the Secretary out" Veteran;" and in line 8, before the word " dollars," to strike of War, and .said structure shall be changed at the cost and expense of the out "thirty" and insert "twelve;" so as to make the bill read: owners thereof from time to time as the Secretary of War may direct, so as to preserve the free and convenient navigation-of said river. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to J?lace on the pension roll, subject to the provisions The amendments were agreed to. and limitations of the peD.SJ.on laws the name of George Farne, late second The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ lieutenant Company G, Forty-eight1 Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer In­ ments were concurred in. fantry, and pay him a. pension at the rate of $12 per month in lieu of that he The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read is now receiving. The amendments were agreed to. the third time, and passed. The bjll was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ WHITE RIVER BRIDGE, ARKANSAS. ments were concurred in. The bill (S. 1889) authorizing the Memphis, Helena and Louisi­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read ana Railway Company to construct and maintain a bridge across the third time, and passed. the White River, in the State of .Arkansas, was considered as in CL.A.R.A. .A.. PENROSE. Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with The bill (S. 2267) granting an increase of pension to Clara A. amendments, on page 4, section 5, line 12, after the word "loca­ Penrose was considered as in Committee of the Whole. tion," to strike out" prepared with reference to a known datum The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with plane, upon prescribed scale, furnished by the engineer officer an amendment, in line 9, before the word "dollars," to strike having supervision of said river, and;" and in line 23, after the out "seventy-five," and insert "thirty-five;" so as to make the word "construction," to insert" or after completion;" so as to bill read: Be it enacted, etc., That the Secreta.ry of the Interior be, and he is hereby, make the section read: authorized and directed to ;place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions SEc. 5. That the bridge authorized to bs constructed under this act shall and limitations of the peDSlon laws, the name of Clara A . Penrose, widow of be built and located under and subject to such regulations for the security of Charles B. Penrose, late major and commissary of subsistence, United States navigation of said river as the Secretary of War shall prescribe, and to secure Army and pay her a J?ension at the rate of S35 dollars per month in lieu of that object the said company or corporation shall submit to the Secretary of that she is now receivmg. War, for his examination and approval, a design and drawings of said bridge and a map of the location, givmg for the space of 1 mile above and 1 mile The amendment was agreed to. below the proposed location of the bridge the topography of the banks of the The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ river, with shore lines at high and low watar, and shall furnish such other ment was concurred in. information as may be required for a full and satisfactory understanding of be the subject; and until the said :(~laDS and location of the bridge are approved The bill was ordered to engrossed for a third reading, read by the Secretary of War the br1dge shall not be built, and should any change the third til:D.e, and passed. be made in the plans of the said bridge during the process of construction or after completion such change shall be subject to the approval of the Sec­ HENRY FISHER. retary of War, and said atructure shall be changed at the cost and ~ense The bill (S. 568) granting an increase of pension to Henry Fisher of the owners thereof from time to time, as the Secretary of War may direct, so as to preserve the free and convenient navigation of said river. was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place on the pension roll the name of Henry Fisher, late of Com­ The amendments were agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- pany F, Second Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and to ments were concurred in. · pay him a pension of $50 per month in lieu of that he is now receiving. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment ordered the third time, and passed. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and pa...c.sed. WHITE RIVER RAILWAY COXP.A.NY. FRED F. B. COFFIN. The bill (S. 650) granting to the White River Railway Com­ pany the right to construct, maintain, and operate a single.:track The bill (S. 1923) granting an increase of pension to Fred F. B. railway across the lands of the United States in the south half of Coffin was considered as in Committee of the Whole. . . the southwest quarter of section 22, township 14 north, range 8 The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with west of the fifth principal meridian, in the county of Indepen­ amendments, in line 6, after the word "capt~in," to strike out dence, in the State of .Arkansas, reserved for use in connection "of;" and in line 8, before the word "dollars," to strike out wiJ.h the construction of Lock No.3, Upper White River, Arkan­ "fifty" and insert "thirty;" so as to make the bill read: Be it e-nacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, sas, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. authorized and directed to :place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions The bill was reported from the Committee on Commerce with and limitations of the pensiOn laws, the name of Fred F. B. Coffin, late cap­ an amendment, on page 3, section 2, line 14, after the word tain Company K, Sixty-second Regiment United States Colored Volunteer Inf:mtry, aad pay him a pension at the rate of SOO per month in lieu of that " trains," to insert: he is now rece1ving. And the said White River Railway Company shall permit the United Stat.as to enter upon its right of way adjacent to the Government reserve for The amendments were agreed to. the purpose of so doing: Provid.ed, That the United States in exercising its The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ ri15ht to excavate under the aforesaid trestle will not be responsible to the ments were concurred in. sa1d railway company, its employees, passengers, patrons, or the public for any delay or injury caused by said excavation. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read So as to make the section read: the third time, and passed. SEO. 2. That there is hereby specui.lly reserved to the United Stares the CATHARINE F. EDMUNDS. right to erect chutes or other structures over and under said trestle, in such The bill (S. 1172) granting a pension to Catharine F. Edmunds manner as not to interfere with the movement of trains; to load or unload cars while on the main track of said railway in the vicinity of Lock No. S, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. provided regularly scheduled trains shall not be thereby delayed; and to The bill was repor+!i8d from the Committee on Pensions with an build temporary warehouses and other structures, not only along said rail­ amendment, to strike out all after the enacting clause and insert: way trestle, but also along the railway track adjacent to said reservation for Lock No.3, on each side thereof, and as close thereto as can be done without That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and interfering with the safe movement and operation of trains, and the said directed to _place on the pens~on roll, subject to the provisions and limitations White River Railway Company shall permit the United States to enter upon of the peDSlon laws, the name of Cath::rrme F. Edmunds, widow of Frank H. its right of way adjacent to the Government reserve for the purpose of so Edmunds, lat.e major, First Rcgim~nt United States Infant-ry, and pay her a. doing: Provided, That the United States in exercising its right to excavate pension at the rat~ C?f $35 per month i:1lieu of tJ:at she !s now receiving, and under the aforesaid trestle will not be responsible to the said railway com­ $2 per month . additional on account of the IDlDOr child of said Frank H. FS~Y, its employee~, passeng~rs, patrons, or the public for any delay or Edmunds until she reache3 the ago of l !J years. lDJury caused by sa1d excavatiOn. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ ment was concurred in. ment was concurred in. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. the third time, and passed. The title was amended so as to read: "A bill granting an in­ BAYOU BARTHOLOMEW BRIDGE, ARKANSAS. crease of pension to Catharine F. Edmunds." The bill (S. 651) extending the time within which the Missis­ The preamble was rejected. sippi River, Hamburg and Western Railway Company is author­ SCHOOL OF FORESTRY IN NORTH DAKOTA. ized to construct a bridge across the Bayou Bartholomew in The bill (S. 597) granting to the State of North Dakota 30 000 Arkansas was considered as in Committee of the Whole. acres of land to aid in the maintenance of a school of fore~try

XXXV-5~ 818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. JANUARY 21, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to tain Company D~ 9ne hundred and fifteenth ~_egiment Dlinois Volunteer In­ ~ntry, and. P!=LY nim a pension at the rate of $50 per month in lieu of that he· grant to the State of North Dakota 30,000 acres of the unappro­ IS now recenrmg. priated public lands within that State to aid in the maintenance of a school of forestry, and provides that in case of the discon­ The amendment was agreed to. tfunance of the said school the lands so selected shall revert to The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ the United States. ment was concurred in. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, rearl. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. the third time, and passed. MARGARET J. VERBISKEY. ENOCH A. WHITE. The bill (S. 1616) granting a pension to Enoch A. White was The bill (S. 2386) granting a pension to Margaret J. Verbiskey considered as in Committee of the Whole. was considered as in Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with amendment, in line 8, after the word ''month,'' to insert ''in lien an amendment in line 5, after the words "name of," to strike out" Margarett" and insert" Margaret;" so as to make the bill of that he is now receiving;" so as to make the bill read: read: Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the P.rovisions authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions and limita.tions of the pension l.:J.ws, the name of ·Enoch A. White, late of and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Margaret J. Verbiske'X, widow Company K, Twenty-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and pay of Joseph Verbiskey, late of Company I, Second Regiment United States In­ him a pension at the rate of $00 per month in lieu of that he is now receivmg. fantry, and pay her a pension at the rate of $12 per month. The amendment was agreed to. The amendment was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- ment was concurred in. ment was concurred in. - · The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was ordered to be engrossed fbr a third reading, read the third time, and passed. the third time, and passed. The title was amended so as to read: "A bill granting an in­ The title was amended so as to read: "A bill granting a pension crease of pension to Enoch A. White.'' to Margaret J. Verbiskey." CHARLES WEITFLE. SUSAN F. COID.Tr. · The bill (S. 1615) granting a pension to Charles Weitfie was The bill (S. 1267) granting an increase of pension to Susan F. considered as in Committee of the Whole. Connit was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro­ The bill was reported fmm the Committee on Pensions. with poses to place on the pension roll the name of Susan F. Connit, an amendinent, in line 7, before the word '' dollars,'' to strike out widow of Horace E. Connit, late major Twenty-ninth Regiment ''twenty" and insert" twelve;" so as to make the bill read: Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, and to pay her a pension of $30per Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, month in lien of that she is now receiving. authoriZed and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Charles Weitfle, late of the The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered United States Navy, and pay him a pension at the rate of $12 per month. to be engrossed for a third 1·eading, read the third tinie, and passed. The amendment was agreed to. . CHARLES H. HAWLEY. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill (S. 336) to grant an honorable discharge from the mili­ ment was concurred in. tary service to Charles H. Hawley was considered as in Commit­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read tee of the Whole. It directs the Secretary of War to revoke the the third time, and passed. order dismissing Charles H. Hawley from the service as a second OSCAR REED. lieutenant of the Sixteenth Regiment of Connecticut Volunteer The bill (S. 2334) granting an increase of pension to Oscar Infantry, and to issue a certificate of honorable discharge for him, Reed was considered as in Committee of the Whole. to date from the 25th of January 1863, and provides that no pay, The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable by vir­ amendment, in line 7, after the word" and," to strike out" of;" tue of this act. so as to make the bill read: The bill was 1·eported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provis­ ions and limitations of the pension laws, the nama of Oscar Reed, late of WILLIAM T. GODWIN. Company A, Eleventh Regiment West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, and Company E, Tenth Regiment West Virginia. Volunteer Infantry, and pay The bill (S. 619) to authorize the President to revoke the order him a pension at the rate of $00 a month in lieu of that he is now receivmg. dismissing William T. Godwin, late first lieutenant, Tenth In­ The amendment was agreed to. fantry, United States Army, and to place the said William T. Mr. GALLINGER. In line 9, after the word "dollars," I Godwin on the retired list with the rank of first lieutenant, was move to strike out the article" a" and to insert the word" per;" considered as in Committee of the Whole. It authorizes the so as to read '' $30 per month.'' President of the United States to revoke the order dated Septem­ The amendment was agreed to. ber 13, 1862, dismissing William T. Godwin, late first lieutenant The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ Company G, Tenth Regiment United States Infantry, from the ments were concurred in. United States Army, and to appoint him a first lieutenant in the The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read Army and to place him on the retii·ed list with that rank; and the third time, and passed. · provides that no pay and allowances shall be paid him from the CORNELIUS SPRINGER. 13th of September, 1862, until the date of the passage of this act. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The bill (S. 2460) granting an increase of pension to Cornelius to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Springer was considered as in Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with SARAH K. M'LEAN. an amendment in line 8, before the word "dollars," to strike The bill (S. 908) for the relief of Sarah K. McLean was oon­ out "thirty" and insert "twenty-four;" so as to make the bill sidered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to pay to read: Sarah K. McLean, widow of Lieut. Col. Nathaniel H. McLean. Be it enacted, etc., That the See1·etary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, all back pay and emoluments that would have been due and pay~ authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions able to him as major from July 23, 1864, to the date of his rein­ and limitations of the peilSlon laws, the name of Cornelius Springer, late of Company H, Eighteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and pay him a statement, March 3, 1875. . pens10n at the rate of "4 per month in lieu of that he is now receiving. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The amendment was agreed to. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ GOVERNMENTAL USE OF INVENTIONS BY N.A.VAL OFFICERS. ment was concurred in. The bill (S. 1104) providing for the use by the United States of The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read devices invented by its naval officers while engaged in its service the third time, and passed. and covered by letters patent was announced as the next bill in SAMUEL HYMER. order on the Calendar. The bill (S. 2359) granting an increase of pension to Samuel Mr. COCKRELL._ I ask that the bill may be passed by with­ Hymer was considered as in Committee of the Whole. out losing its place on the Calendar. The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will go over without an amendment in line 6, after the word u captain," to strike out prejudice. "of; " so as to make the bill read: PUBLIC BUILDING .A.T MUNCIE, Th~. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions The bill (S. 717) to provide for the purchase of a site and the and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Samuel Hymer, late cap- erection of a building thereon at Muncie, in the State of Indiana, 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-SEN.A.TE. 819

was considered a in Committee of the Whole. It authorizes the EDWA.RD BYR~E. Secretary of the Treasury to acquh·e a site and cause to be erected The bill (S. 139) for the relief of Edward Byrne was considered thereon a suitable building for the ru;e of the Government offices as in Committee of the Whole. It authot'izes the President to in the city of Muncie, Ind., the cost not to exceed $150,000. nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered appoint Edward Byrne, late a captain in the Tenth Regiment of to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Cavalry and late a lieutenant-colonel of the Eighteenth Regiment PUBLIC BUILDP-IG . AT ANDERSON, Th""D . of Veteran Cavalry Volunteers, State of New York, a captain of The bill (S. 716) to provide for the purchase of a site and the cavalry in the Army of the United States, with his original rank erection of a building thereon at Anderson, in the State of In­ and date of commission, and that he be placed upon the retired list diana. was·considered as in Committee of the Whole. It author­ of the Army with the rank of captain. izes the Secretary of the Treasury to acquire a site and cause to be The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered erected thereon a suitable building for the use of the Government to be engrossed for a thixd reading, read the third time, and passed. offices in the city of Anderson, Ind., the cost not to exceed $150,000. EUNICE TRIPLER. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The bill (S. 2055) for the relief of Eunice Tripier, widow of to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Charles S. Tripier, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. RICHARD KING. It proposes to pay to Mrs. Eunice Tripier, widow of Surgeon The bill (S. 2282) for the relief of Richard King was considered Charles S. Tripier, Unit-ed States Army, 3,000, for services by as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to pay to Richard King Charles S. Tripier in preparing, superintending, and directing the $5,000 in full for expenses incuTI"ed and permanent injury sru;­ publication of a manual for the medical officers of the United tained by him by reason of being shot by the gross carelessness States. and neglect of a soldier of the United States Army. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Mr. HAWLEY. I notice, on looking more closely into the to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and matter, that while the bill provides for $5,000, that General passed. Schofield, in reviewing the ca&e, approved the bill, but recom­ NORTHERN BRANCH OF SOLDIERS' HOXE. mends the striking out of '' five '' and the insertion in lieu thereof The bill (S. 593) for the establishment, control, operation,. and of tfie word "three;" so as to read "three thousand dollars." I maintenance of the Northern Branch of the National Home for ask that the bill lie over without prejudice. Disabled Volunteer Soldiers at Hot Springs, in the Stat-e of South The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will lie over with­ Dakota, was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It ap­ out prejudice. propriates $150,000 for the erection of the Northern Branch of-the Mr. HAWLEY subsequently said: Mr. President, I ask the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers at Hot Springs, Senate to resume the consideration of the bill fo1· the relief of in the State of South Dakota. Richard King. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered There being no objection, the Senate as in Committee of the to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and Whole resumed the consideration of the bill. passed. Mr. HAWLEY. I asked to have the bill go over because the WILLIAM H. HUGO. original amount was $5,000 as compensation to the wounded man, and I found in reading the 1·eport from theWar Department that The bill (S. 75) for the 1·elief of William H. Hugo was con­ General Schofield said the bill was all right, but he recommended sidered as in Committee of the Whole. It authorizes the Presi­ striking out" five" and inserting in lieu thereof the word" three." dent to nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the · As we submitted that as a part of our report, I suppose we ought Senate, to appoint William H. Hugo, of Fort Bayard, N.Mex., a to make the change, and I move that amendment. first lieutenant of cavalry in tl}e United States Army, and there­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Connecticut upon to place him on the retired list of the Army of the United States, with the pay and emoluments of a retired officer~ with the moves an amendment which will be stated. rank of a first lieutenant, without regard and in addition to the The SECRETARY. In line 6, before the word "thoru;and" it is retired list now authorized by law. proposed to strike out" five n and insert "three;, so as to read: "The sum of $3,000." The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The amendment was agreed to. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ JOHN W. TIFFA.l~. ment was concurred in. The bill (S. 691) granting an honorable discharge to John W. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read Tiffany was considered as in.Committee of the Whole. It author­ the third time, and passed. izes the Secretary of War to revoke general orders approving and FRANCIS S. DA. VIDSON. confirming the proceedings, findings, and sentence in the case of · The bill (S. 1115) for the relief of Francis S. Davidson, late first Second Lieut. John W. Tiffany, of Company H, Twenty-seventh lieut-enant, Ninth United States Cavalry, was considered as in Regiment Michigan Volunteers, and to disapprove the proceedings, Committee of the Whole. findings, and sentence, and to issue to Tiffany an honorable dis­ Mr. COCKRELL. I move to strike out all after the enacting charge as of date July 13, 1865. , clause and inse1·t as a substitute what I send to the desk, which Mr. COCKRELL. I move to add at the end of the bill the is a copy of the bill passed at the last session of the Senate. I sub­ words: PrO'Vided, That no pay, bounty, or emoluments shall accrue on account of mit it as a substitute for what was reported by mistake. the passage of this act. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment proposed by the Senator from ::hfissouri will be stated. The amendment was agreed to. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The SECRETARY. It is proposed to strike out all after the en­ ment was concurred in. a~ting clause and insert: The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read That the President be, and he is het-eby, auth01rized to revoke and annul General Court-Martial Orders, No. 93, War Department, Adjutant-General's the third time7 and passed. Office, Wrn~hington, November 15, 1815, approving and confirming the pro­ Dll.TIL W. LIGHT. ceedings.J...finding~ and sentence of the general court-martial, which convened at Fort .tSrown Tex., September 1 , 1875, dismissing First Lieut. Francis S. The bill (8. 1134) for the relief of Daniel W. Light was consid­ Davidson, Ninth Cavalry, and to issue to him a certificate of discharge of that ered as in Committee of the Whole. It directs the Secretary of date: Provided, That no pay, bounty, or allowance shall be paid to him by reawn of this act. War to review and disapprove general orders approving the find­ The amendment was agreed to. ing and confirming the sentence in the case of Daniel W. Light, Mr. HOAR. Is it not the purpose of the committee to author­ a private of Company M, Fifth Regiment Ohio Cavalry, and to ize the restoration of Lieutenant Davidson by the President? . issue to him an honorable discharge as of date October 10, 1863. Mr. COCKRELL. No. That was expressly excluded by the Mr. HARRIS. I move to insert at the end of the bill the fol­ repoJt made at the last session. lowing proviso: Provided, That no pay, bounty, or other emoluments shall accrue on ac­ Mr. HOAR. What was the decision of the committee at the count of the passage of this act. present session? Mr. COCKRELL. The decision of the committee was the same The amendment was agreed to. that it was at the last session-to make the same report, and the The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ same report was made; but by mistake the original bill, which ment was concurred in. had been rejected at the last session, was submitted with the report. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ the third time, and passed. ment was concurred in. ELIAS B. BELL. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read The bill (S. 218) to remove the charge of desertion from the the third time, and passed. - record of Elias B. Bell was considered as in Committee of the 820 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21,

Whole. It directs the Secretary of War to remove the charge of jamin F. Dowell, late pack master, Major Drew's command, Ore­ desertion now borne on the records of the War Department against gon Volunteers, and to pay her a pension of $8 per month. the name of Elias B. Bell, formerly a member of Company E, The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Fourth Regiment West Virginia Volunteers. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered VINCENT DE FRIETAS. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill (S. 932) granting a pension to Vincent de Fliet(as was MATILDA .ARMSTRONG. considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place The bill (S. 2107) granting a pension to Matilda Armstrong on the pension roll the name of Vincent de Frietas, late officers' was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to steward U.S. S. Vincennes, United States Navy, and to pay him place on the pension roll the name of Matilda Armstrong, de­ a pension of $12 per month. pendent mother of William A. Armstrong, late of Company E, · The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment ordered Fifty-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and to pay her to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. a pension of $12 per month. PUBLIC BUILDING AT BLUEFIELD, W.VA. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The bill (S. 299) to provide for the purchase of a site and the to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. erection of a building thereon at Bluefield in the State of West REBECCA DOBBlNS. Virginia, was considdered as in Committee of the Whole. It di­ The bill (S. 700) granting a pension to Rebecca Dobbins was rects the Secretary of the Treasury to acquire a site and cause to· considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place be erected thereon a suitable building for the use of the Govern­ on the pension roll the name of Rebecca Dobbins, widow of Fran­ ment offices in the city of Bluefield, W.Va., the cost not to exceed cis Dobbins, late of Company E, Sixty-eighth Regiment Kentucky $70,000. Enrolled Militia, and to pay her a pension of $12 per month. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment ordered The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time~ and passed. BENJ.AMIN F. BURGESS. Mr. COCKRELL subsequently said: I enter a motion to recon­ The bill (S. 1019) to relieve Benjamin F. Burgess of the charge sider .the vote by whlch the bill (S. 700) granting a pension to of desertion was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It Rebecca Dobbins was passed. The report and bill are not, in my authorizes the Secretary of War to remove from the record of judgment, in accordance with the rules of the Senate Committee Benjamin F. Burgess, a private of Company C,·First Battalion· on Pensions whfch reported it. Maine Infantry Volunteers, the charge of desertion and to issue Mr. GALLINGER. I hope that will be done. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator wish any­ to him a discharge as of the date June 17 1865. thing more to enter under the motion? . The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Mr. COCKRELL. I should like tohaveitenteredand the vote to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. reconsidered. JOHN EMERSON. Mr. GALLINGER. I trust that it will be reconsidered, and I The bill (S. 1020) for the relief of John Emerson was considered will say to the Senator that the case will be carefully looked into. as in Committee of the Whole. It directs the Secretary of War The Senat.Qr has called my attention to it. to amend the military record of John Emerson, late a private in Mr. COCKRE.LL. That is all right. Company I, Nineteenth Maine Infantry by removing the charge The PRESIDENT pro tempore. _ If there be no objection, the of desertion from said record and granting him an honorable dis­ vote by which the bill was ordered to be engrossed, read the third charge. time, and passed, will be reconsidered, and the bill will be re­ Mr. COCKRELL. I move to insert at the end of the bill the stored to its place on the Calendar. words: Mr. COCKRELL. That is right. Provided, That no pa.y, bounty, or other emoluments shall accrue by The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection? The Chair virtue of the p!l.SSage of this act. · · · hears none, and it is so ordered. The amendment was agreed to. CHARLOTTE H. RACE. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend.. ment was concun-ed in. The bill (S. 1086) granting a pension to Charlotte H. Race was The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place the third time, and passed. on the pension roll the name of Charlotte H. Race dependent mother of Ashley P . Hawkins, late of Company E, Eighth Regi­ GEORGE K. BOWE.:.~. ment New York Volunteer Heavy Artillery, and to pay her a pen­ The bill (S. 608) for the relief of George ;K. Bowen was con­ sion of 12 per month. sidered as in Committee of the Whole. It empowers the Presi­ The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered dent to revoke and set aside ·certain orders dismissing George K. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Bowen lieutenant-colonel One hundred and eighty-eighth Regi­ ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, and to can...~ to be issued CAROLINE MISCHLER. to him an honorable discharge as of date :March 27, 1865. The bill (S. 1913) granting an increase of pension to Caroline The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Mischler was considered as in Committee of the Whole. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with amendments in line 7, before the word " Illinois," to insert H. A. WHITE. "Re!riment; " and in line 8, before the word "dollars," to strike The bill (S. 554) to correct the military record of H. A. White out "fifteen" and insert "twelve; " so as to make the bill read: was considered as in Committee of tl;le Whole. It provides that H. A. White shall be held and considered to have been mustered Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is herl:\by, authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provisions into the military service of the United States as a captain of the and limitations of the pens1on law the name of Caroline Mischler, widow of Third Regiment of North Carolina Mounted Infantry on the 15th Wendell Mischler, late musician, Forty-thirdRegiment lllinois Volunteer In­ day of October, 1864, and to have been mustered out of that serv­ fantry, and pay her a pension at the rate of $12 per month in lieu of that she is now receiving. ice on the 8th day of August, 1865; and the Secretary of War iS The amendments were agreed to. authorized to issue a certificate of honorable discharge for the The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ said White as of date la t named. ments were concurred in. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment ordered · The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. the third time, and pas ed. JOHN M'GR.A.TH. ETTA SCOTT MITCHELL. The bill (S. 526) granting an increase of pension to John Mc­ Grath was considered as in Committea of the Whole. The bill (S. 1931) granting an increase of pension to Etta Scott The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an Mitchell was announced as the next business in order on the Cal­ amendment, in line 7, after the word "p3nsion," to insert "at the endar. rate· " so as to make the bill read: Mr. TALIAFERRO. Let the bill go over, please. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without prejudice? authorized and directed to ;place on the pension r olll subJect to the provisions Mr. TALIAFERRO. Without prejudice. anu limitations of the p eD.S.J.on laws, the name of Jonn McGrath, late of Com­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will go over without pany C, Seventh Regiment United State Ca>al:'y, and pay him a pension at the rate of $12 per month in lieu of that he is now receiving. prejudice. · The amendment was agreed to. NANCY A. DOWELL. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill (S. 936) g1·anting a pension to Nancy A. Dowell was ment was concun-ed in. considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to pla~e The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read on the pension roll the name of Nancy A. Dowell, widow of Ben- the third time, and passed. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 821

C.A.THERINE MEADE. widow of Carroll Wilkins, late of Company C, Fourth Regiment The bill (S. 1782) granting a pension to Catherine Meade was Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, and to pay her a pension of $12 considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place per month in lieu of that she is now receiving. on the pension roll the name of Catherine Meade, widow of Wil­ The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered liam Meade, late of the Hospital Corps, United States Army, and to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third timd, and passed. to pay her a pension of $8 per month and 2 per month additional JOHN E. FARRELL. on account of the minor child of said William Meade until she The bill (S. 2389) granting a pension to John E. Farrell was reaches the age of 16 years. considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place The bill was reported to the Senate-without amendment, ordered on the pension roll the name of John E. Farrell, late of Thirtieth to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Unassigned Company, Maine Volunteer Infantry, and to pay him HENRY B. SCHROEDER. a pension of $12 per month. The bill (S. 1783) granting an increase of pension to Henry B. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Schroeder was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro­ to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and pa.ssed. poses to place on the pension roll the name of Henry B. Schroeder, N.A.NNIE S. WHITE. late first lieutenant and captain, Third Regiment United States The bill (S. 1636) granting an increase of pension to NannieS. Infantry, war with Mexico, and to pay him a pension of $24 per White was considered as in Committee of the Whole. month in lieu of that he is now receiving. The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered amendment, to strike out all after the enacting clause and insert: to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and di­ MOSES SMITH. rected to place on the pension ro!!, subject to the provisions and limitations . of the pension laws, the name of .N annie S. White\ widow of Grant A. White, The bill (S. 1330) granting an increase of pension to Moses late first lieutenant Company M, Thirty-third Regiment United States Volun­ Smith was considered as in Committee of the Whole. teer Infantry, war with Spain, and pay her a pension at the rate of $25 per month in lieu of that she IS now receiving, and $2 per month additional on The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an account of the minor child of said Grant A. White until she reaches the age amendment, in line 8, before the word "dollars," to strike out of16years. "seventy-two" and insert" forty;" so as to make the bill read: The amendment was agreed to. Be i t enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ authorized and directed to :place on the pension ro!;l; subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of m.oses Smith, late chaplain ment was concurred in. Eighth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, and :{l&Y him a pension at The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the rate of $4.0 per month in lieu of that he is now receivmg. the third time, and passed. The amendment was agreed to. MARY M'L.A.UGHLIN. _ The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill (S. 456) granting a pension to Mary McLaughlin was ment was concurred in. considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read on the pension roll the name of Mary McLaughlin, foster mother the third time, and passed. of Thomas McLaughlin, late of Company I, First Regiment Flor­ MARY R. MILLER. ida Volunteer Infantry, war with Spain, and to pay her a pension The bill (S. 1337) granting a pension to Mary R. Miller was of 12 per month. considered as in Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with an to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. amendment, in line 8, after the word "month," to insert "in lieu PENELOPE E. RUSS. of that she is now receiving;" so a.s to make the bill read: The bill (S. 457) granting a pension to Penelope E. Russ was Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the provi­ considered as in Committee of the Whole. It proposes to place sions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Mary R . Miller widow on the pension roll the name of Penelope E. Russ, widow of of William E. Miller , late colonel Twenty-eighth Regiment Iowa Voiunteer Thomas F. Russ, late of Captain Daniel's company, Florida Vol­ Infantry, and pay her a. pension at the rate of $00 per month in lieu of that she is now receivmg. unteers, Florida Indian war, and to pay her a pension of $8 per The amendment was agreed to. month. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered ment was concurred in. to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the .ANNIE A. NEARY. third time, and passed. · The bill (S. 1637) granting an increase of pension to Annie A. , The title was amended so as to read: "A bill granting an in­ Neary was considered as in Committee of the Whole. crease of pension to Mary R. Miller." The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with GEORGE W. BL.A.CIL an amendment, to strike out all after the enacting clause and in- - The bill (S. 1329) granting an increase of pension to George W. sert: That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and di­ Black was considered as in Committee of the Whole. rected to place on the pension roll, subject to the :provisions and limitationS · The bill was reported from the Committee on Pensions with of the pension laws, the name of Annie A. Neary, Widow of William C. Neary, amendmentB, in line 7, after the word "Volunteer," to strike out late first lieutenant, Fourth Regiment United States Infantry, and pay her a pension at the rate of $25 per month in lieu of that she is now receiving, "Infantry" and insert "Cavalry;" and in line 8, before the word and $2 per month additional on account of the minor child of said William C. "dollars," to strike out "thirty" and insert" twenty-four;" so Neary until she reaches the age of 16 years. as to make the bill read: The amendment was agreed to. Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of the Interior be.. and he is hereby, The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend- authorized and directed to place on the pension roll, subject to the_])rovisions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of George W. Black, late ment was concurred in. · sergeant-major, Twelfth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, and pay him The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read a pension at the rate of $24 per month in lieu of that he is now receiving. the third time, and passed. · The amendments were agreed to. · The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ ETTA. ADAIR ANDERSON. ments were concurred in. The bill (S. 2036) granting an increase of pension to Etta Adair The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read Anderson was considered as in Committee of the Whole. It the third time, and passed. - proposes to place on the pension roll the name of Etta Adair An-· derson, widow of J. Patton Anderson, late lieutenant-colonel ELMER L. STEVENS. _ Battalion Mississippi Rifles, war with Mexico, and to pay her a The bill (S. 2392) granting an increase of pension to Elmer L. pension of $12 per month in lieu of that she is now receiving. Stevens was considered as. in Committee of the Whole. It pro­ The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered poses to place on the pension roll the name of Elmer L. Stevens, to be engrossed for a third 1·eading, read the third time, and passed. late of Company G, Tenth Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry, MEDALS FOR OFFICERS AND CREWS. and to pay him a pension of $30 per month in lieu of that he is now receiving. The bill (S. 1971) to provide suitable medals for the survivors The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered of the officers and crew of the U.S. sloop of war Cumberland to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. was considered as in Committee of the Whole. The bill was reported from the Committee on Naval Affairs ELVIRA. L. WILKINS. with amendments. The bill (S. 2391) granting an increase of pension to Elvira L. The first amendment was, on page 1, section 1, line 3, after the Wilkins wa-s considered as in Committee of the Whole. It pro­ words " of the," to strike out " Treasury" and insert " Navy;" poses to place on the pension roll the name of Elvira L. Wilkins, in line 5, after the word" and," to s~e out" crew" and insert 822' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. JANUARY 21,

"crews;" in line 6, before the word " Cumbe:rland," to strike out Mr. COCKRELL. In line 4, after the word "directed," it "sloop of war" and insert "vessels of war;" in line 7, before the reads "to ascertain: the number and names of the officers and word "who," to insert " Congress, and Minnesota;" in the same crews now surviving." I rather believe that the words' and the line, after the word "said," to strike out "sloop" and insert heirs of those deceased '' should be added there. "vessels;" in line 8 before the word" was," to strike out "she" Mr. GALLINGER. I have been absent from the Chamber. I and insert "the Cum,berland; in line 11, after the word "and," reported this bill. I wish to ask the Senator from Missouri if he to strike out" crew" and insert" crews;" on page 2, line 1, be­ proposes to give a medal to all the heirs of the deceased persons? fore the word'' medal,'' to strike out ' gold'' and insert'' bronze;'' Mr. COCKRELL. It will be a medal in the name of the de­ and in the same line after the word" design," to strike out" not ceased. to exceed in price $50 for each of such medals;" so as to make the 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Precisely. That is probably very proper. section read: On hearing the amendment read it simply struck me that the That the Secretary of the Navv be, and he is hereby, authorized and di­ proposition was to give a medal to each heir. rected to ascertain the number ana names of the officers and crews now sur­ Mr. COCKRELL. On, no; it goes to the heirs of the deceased. viving of the United States vessels of war Cumberlarld, Congres and Minne­ sota who were on board of said vessels a.t the time the Cumberland was sunk :Mr. GALLINGER. I have no objection to that. by: the Confederate ram Merrimac in Hampton Roads, Virginia., and to pro­ The SECRETARY. In line 5, after the word" surviving," insert nde, out of any moneys not otherwise approyriated a. sufficient sum to pro­ " and the heirs of those deceased." vide each of sru.d officers and crews now surnving Wlth1 a bronze medal, with proper superscription a.nd design. :Mr. COCKRELL. That would mclude the heirs of the de­ ceased, and it goes in the name of the deceased. The amendment was agreed to. Mr. GALLINGER. I trust there may not be any unseemly The next amendment was, on page 2, section 2, line 4, before the contention on the part of the heirs as to where the medal will be word' is," to strike out 'Treasury" and insert" Navy;" and in lodged. But I have no objection to the amendment. I presume line 6, after the word" and," to strike out "crew" and insert the heirs will find some place to store it. "crews;" so as to make the section read: Mr. COCKRELL. They will all enjoy it, if it is granted. That the Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized to see that such The amendment was agreed to. medals a.re properly distributed to said surviving officers and crews. Mr. SPOONER. It does not seem to me that the bill is quite The amendment was ·agreed to. right yet. The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the Mr. COCKRELL. I think not. amendments were concurred in. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will require another The bill wa.a ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read amendment at the end of section 2. The Secretary will read sec­ the third time, and passed. tion 2 as it has been amended. The title was amended so as to read: "A bill to provide suitable The Secretary read as follows: medals for the survivors of the officers and crews of the United SEc. 2. That the Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized to see that States vessels of war Cumberland, Congress, and Minnesota." such medals are properly distributed to said surviving officers and crews. Mr. COCKRELL. I should like to ask the Senator from Mas­ Mr. COCKRELL. Add'' and the heirs of those deceased.'' sachusetts [Mr. LoDGE] who introduced the bill just passed au­ The SECRETARY. Add the words" and the heirs of those de- thorizing the granting of medals, why he limited it to the sur­ ceased.'' vivors. Are not the heirs or de cendants of the sailors as much Mr. COCKRELL. Yes; that is right. entitled to this mark of honor as the survivors? The amendment was agreed to. Mr. LODGE. I see no objection to that, I will say to the Sena­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Are there further amend­ to:t: from Missouri. The bill was handed to me by those inter­ ments? If not, the bill will be reported to the Senate. ested in it. I had introduced it several times before. I see no The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ reason why a medal should not be given to the heirs of those who ments were concurred in. have died. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read Mr. SPOONER. Is there not every reason why it should be the third time, and passed. given to them? The title was amended so as to read: ''A bill to provide suitable :Mr. LODGE. It seems to me proper. medals for the officers and crews of the United States vessels of l\.1r. COCKRELL. I move to reconsider the votes by which the war Cumbe:rland, Congress, and Minnesota.'' bill was ordered to a third reading and passed, so that we may make the amendment I have suggested. PUBLIC BUILDING AT WHEELING, W. VA. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the vote The bill (S. 300) to provide for the purchase of a site and for by which the bill was pas ed will be regarded as reconsidered and the erection of a public building thereon at the city of Wheeling, the vote by which the bill wa ordered to be engrossed for a third State of West Virginia, was considered as in Committee of the reading, and read the third time, will be reconsidered. The bill 'Whole. It directs the Secretary of the Treasury to acquire, by is before the Senate. purchase condemnation, or otherwise, a site and cause to be Mr. COCKRELL. I move to amend by inserting "and the erected thereon a suitable building, including fireproof vaults, heirs of those deceased,'' so that the medals will go to the sur­ heating and ventilating apparatus, elevators, and approaches, for vivors and the heir" of the deceased. the use and accommodation of the United States court, post­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Missouri office, and other Government offices, in the city of Wheeling, offers an amendment, which will be read. State of West Virginia, the cost of such site and building, in­ The SECRETARY. Insert, where proper, the words "and the cluding the vaults, heating and ventilating apparatus, elevators, heirs of those deceased.'' and approaches, complete, not to exceed $400,000. Mr. SPOONER. How will that particular part of the bill read The bill .:was reported from the Committee on Public Buildings when amended? and Grounds with an amendment, on page 3, after line 6, to add: Mr. LODGE. How will it read? The building shall be unexposed to danger from fire by an open space of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will read as re­ a.t l~st 4.{) feet on each side, including streets and alleys. quested. The amendment wa agreed to. The SECRETARY. After the word "surviving," at the bottom The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ of page 1, insert " and the heirs of those deceased; " so that it will ment was concurred in. read as follows: The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read And to provide, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise. appro­ the third time, and passed. priated, a sufficient sum to provide each of said officers a.nd crews now sur­ PHILIPPINE TARIFF BILL. viving and the heirs of those deceased with a. bronoo medal, with propar su­ perscription and design. Mr. LODGE. Mr. President- The amendment wa.a agreed to. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The hour of 2 o'clock has lli. COCKRELL. lam inclined to think that the word" heirs" arrived. ought to be inserted at another place. Let the Secretary read the Mr. LODGE. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera­ bill as it now stands. tion of the bill (H. R. 5833) temporarily to provide revenue for The Secretary read as follows: the Philippine Islands, and for other purpo es. , The motion was agreed to; and the Senate, a in Committee of That the Secretary of the Navy be, and be is hereby, authorized and di­ rected to ascertain the number and names of the officers and crews now sur­ the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill, which had been re­ viving of the United States vessels of war Cumberland, Congress, and Minne­ ported from the Committee on the Philippines with amendments. sota who were on board of said vessels at the time the Cumberland was sunk Mr. LODGE. The bill, I believe, has been read. by: the Confederate ram Merrimac in Hampton Roads, Virginia, and to pro­ VIde, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, a suffi­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It was read yesterday. cient sum to provide each of said officers a.nd crews now surviving a.nd the Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, in what I havetosayin regard to heirs of the deceased with a bronze medal, with proper superscription and this bill I do not propose to enter into any discussion of the dis­ design. SEc. 2. That the Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized to see that puted points of the history of the last three years in regard to our such medals a.re properly distributed to said surviving officers and crews. acquisition of the Phllippine Islands or of our rights in those 1902. CONGRESSION-AL RECORD- SENATE. 823 islands. I take those rights to be settled, and I have no desire at In regard to the general question of a tariff upon articles im­ this time and in connection with this bill to enter into questions ported into the Philippine Islands, assuming that all ru.·e agreed which have been very much discussed hitherto in the Senate and that if there is to be a tariff now that of the Commission must.be which will be undoubtedly very much discussed in the future. accepted, on that general question I say there arises differences of My purpose this afternoon is simply to state as briefly as possible opinion. It has been suggested that in the duties imposed in the the reasons for this bill and the m·gent character of the legislation Philippine Islands upon articles imported there a discrimination which it em bodies. should be made in favor of articles the growth and product of the As is well known to the Senate, those islands have been governed United States. The objection to that seemed to your committee by rns through officers appointed by the Pre ident of the United and seems to me to be fatal and conclusive. States; first, by officers of the .A:rmyin the exercise of the war power, If we discriminate in our own fa-vor upon articles entering the later by civif officers and under the provisions of what was Jmown Philippine Islands from the United States, we, in the first place, as the Spooner amendment, adopted at-the last session of Congress. seriously diminish the principal source of revenue of those islands. Since that time the Supreme Court has rendered certain deci­ In the second place, we must, under Article IV of the treaty of sions, familiar to all Senators, in regard to our constitutional re­ Paris, give Spain the same discrimination that we give to om· lations to those islands. Under those decisions, which hold the selves, which would lead, as anyone w.i1l readily appreciate, to very islands to be domestic territory of the United States, the tariff great and serious complications. duties imposed by the United States up to this time upon articles But the third objection, Mr. President, is far broader and more coming from thQSe islands have fallen. There are at this moment fatal than either of those I have mentioned, although both are no duties, under the decisions of the Supreme Court, to be col­ serious. If we discriminate in the Philippine tariff in favor of lected on the products of the Philippine Islands. our own pl'Oducts, we at once break down the policy of " the open There is also some well-founded doubt as to whether the tariff door." "The open door," as I understand it, is a tariff which adopted in the islands themselves will stand without further leg­ treats ,all nations without discrimination. We stood forward in islation by Congress. There is no question about the power of China in the late troubles mthat country, and in the negotiations Congress under the decisions of the Supreme Court to legislate which followed, as advocates of the principle of" the open door" for those islands as it may deem best, but whether the tariff im­ to the markets of that great country. We. took the ground that, posed there for the purposes of revenue would stand without fur­ while it was the undoubted privilege and right of the Chinese to ther action by Congress is a point, I think, still doubtful. apply any duties upon foreign imports which they saw fit, those Also, under the decision of the Supreme Court in what is known duties should be the same toward all nations. By our firm.riess, as the Porto Rican pilotage case, the coastwise laws of th-e United and by a diplomacy which I think has seldom, if ever been sur­ States are applicable and now apply not only to our commerce passed in our history, we succeeded in securing that principle for with the Philippi.ru} Islands but to the interisland commerce a.s the present at least, and I hope for many years to come. well. At this moment there are no -vessels engaged in that trade, Now the market of China is of very great im ortance to all sec­ either between the Philippines and the United. States or between tions of this counh-y as the largest and most promising field in the different islands, which can lawfully engage in coastwise the East for our exports. The strength of om· position at Pekin traffic of the United States. If some provision is not made by and in the negotiations was that we could point to our own east­ Congress, at any moment the -entire traffic of those islands among ern possessions and say that there we maintained the same prin­ themselves and with the United States may oo closed. Under ciple which we demanded in China. If now we discriminate in these circumstances, which create a chaotic condition there, the our own favor upon articles the growth and product of the need of immediate legislation is very apparent. United States, we at once abandon that position which we have Acting upon these views, the House of Repre enta.tives passed so strongly advocated and which has given us such an advantage. the bill which is now before us, and sent it to the Senate before the Personally I believe that the market of the Philippines is go­ holiday recess of Congress. The Committee on the Philippines ing to be, within a comparatively short time, one of great value has had the House bill under consideration since that time, and to the people of the United States, but under no possible increase yesterday authorized me to report it with certain amendments, could it. be equal in value to the market of China and to other which are printed in the copies of the bill now before the Senate. markets in the Orient, where it is for om· interest to maintain The first section of the House bill has been reported to the Sen­ ''the open door'' and the nondiscriminating system. Therefore, ate without change. That section provides for confirming and Mr. President, it seems to me, looking at this question in the giving legal authority and force to the tariff upon goods imported broadest way, in the interest of American commerce and Ameri­ into the Philippines from any ·country, including the United can industry, that the maintenance of a nondiscriminating tariff. States, which has been established by the Philippine Commission. in the Philippine I2la.nds upon all articles entering those islands When we took possession of the Philippine Islands we found the is essential. people there living under the Spani"Sh tariff. Modifications were The other proposition is that made by the minority, to remove made in that tariff during the military government of the islands, the tariff entirely. If that is done as to all nations, the principle and thus was made what may be called the military tariff. That of "the open door" is, of course, maintained, but if we overthrow has been superseded in turn by the tariff now in force. the tariff of the Philippine Islands we wipe out their revenue en­ The present tariff has been made with very great care. Several tirely. The principle of "the open door," I repeat, is maintained, months were passed in the work by the Commission, who held of course, if we give free trade to all of the world. If we do not 'l public hearings to which were adrrritted inhabitants of the islands give free trade to all the world, however, the principle of "the and persons engaged in trade and industry there; and after full open door '' is destroyed, and this applies to the proposition of the and thorough hearing, such as a committee of the Senate or the minority, as I understand it, which gives free entry to the Phil­ House would give in the revision of the tariff here, a tariff was ippines only to articles the growth and product of the United agreed upon. States. The tariff was then sent to this country. The War Department Mr. PETTUS. Will the Senator allow me to ask him a ques­ had it printed, gave it wide -circulation, called attention to it ti£m at that point for information? through the newspaper press, received a great many letters and Mr. LODGE. With great pleasure. suggestions in regard to the provisions from persons in this coun­ Mr. PETTUS. It is a.s to "the open-door" policy. Does the try connected with the Philippine Islands and interested in its SenatoT understand that " the open door" applies to a nation trade, proposed certain changes, and sent it back with those dealing with its own territory? · changes to the Philippine Commission. The Philippine Commis­ Mr. LODGE. I will answer the Senator by saying that I under­ iion adopted the changes proposed by the War Department, made st-and that, if desirable, as I believe it to be eminently desirable some further slight supplemental changes itself, and then enacted in this case, it can certainly be applied by the country in posses­ the tariff and put it into force in the islands. sion. If we adopt free trade for articles from the United States, So far as I am aware or can learn, the tariff has been prepared as I understand it is proposed by the report of the minority, we with the utmost care, has been well received, and works well. introduce a broad discrimination in our own favor. If, in order It was obvious to the Committee on Ways and Means of the to have free trade between the islands and the United States and House, as it was obvious to the Committee on the Philippines of yet preserve "the open-door" policy, we give free trade to aJl the Senate, that we could not hope to improve upon this tariff or the world and impose no duties on any articles, we then destroy enter upon a revision of it without involving a very long delay, nearly all the revenue of the islands. which would be extremely pTejudicial to the islands while the law Those islands have been accustomed fur many years to raising there remained in its present unsettled condition. Both the com­ the bulk of their revenue byimportdutiesA It is hardly necessary mittees of the House and Senate therefore adopted the tariff of fo1· me to enlarge upon the proposition that nothing is calculated the Commission as it stood, recognizing in the title -of the bill that to make more trouble and to cause more dissatisfaction and ill the act was temporary and that the tariff thus established was feeling than suddenly to alter the habitual system of taxation for of course open to change and amendment on the J)art of the Con­ raising the revenue in any community. If we sweep away the gress of the United States whenever reasons should be shown that revenue derived from customs tai'iffs in the Philippines, we shall changes were necessary. be obliged to replace it by direct taxation in those islands., and 824 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. __ J .ANU.A.RY 21, ~ ·

that, I think, is an experiment which we ought not to enter upon; no matter in what form the relief was given, it was only fair to certainly not at this time. Therefore it seems to me that in order give a similar relief to those who grew hemp or indigo or copra. to continue to the Philippines their necessary revenue, raised in Therefore we have provided in this amendment that articles en­ the manner to which they are accustomed, and to maintain "the tering the United States and now admitted to the United States open door" in the East which we have advocated in China, we free of duty shall be exempt from export duties levied in the Phil­ ought to maintain the tariff as it now stands and make it the same ippines. to all nations of the earl~, including ourselves. That was the It is to be remembered in dealing with these export duties that view of the House of Representatives, and in that view the Senate we now impose those export duties as well as those rates which committee has concurred by reporting the House provision with­ we impose at the ports of entry in the United States. If there­ out change. moval of the export duties affected the principle of." the open The second section of the Honse bill provided for the reestab­ door," I for one should be disposed to oppose it, but of course it lishment of the Dingley rates, which had been swept away by the has no bearing on that at all, because "the open door" applies -decision of the Supreme Court. The Honse reestablished those only to the nondiscriminating tariff on goods imported. rates without any reduction or diminution in any way. Your It also is not touched by our treaty agreements with Spain. committee felt, after giving most careful consideration to the We agreed with Spain that her ships and her merchandi e should subject, that some reduction in those duties to the people of the be admitted on the same terms as our own to the Philippine Philippine Islands was both just and wise. The Philippine Com­ Islands. The export duties are left wholly at our disposition. mission had recommended a reduction of 50 per cent. Your com­ The amount of the reduction upon those export duties in the rev­ mittee felt that 25 per cent, in view of the experimental character enue of the Philippine Islands can be found by looking at the of the bill and of our present tariff relations with the islands, amount raised on those exported to the United States.. The ex­ was as far as it was wise or safe to go at the present time. They port duties on indigo or copra are trifling, but the export duty increased the reduction somewhat, as I shall presently explain, collected on hemp is very large. by deducting the export duties from the reduced Dingley rates, The total export duties collected in the Philippine Islands in but they were of the opinion that 25 per cent, as an absolute reduc­ the last fiscal year were 671,000, and the total revenue derived tion in the rates, was enough. The case is different from that of from customs was about nine and a half millions which included Porto Rico, because there we received their markets in return the export duty. The amount of export duty collected on hemp for our own; but no discrimination of any kind is given to ns or was in that year $483,000 of the 671,000. Of that amount, 0,000 asked by us in the Philippines. was collected on hemp exported to the United States. Therefore, It is well also to remember in this connection that almost all by relieving the hemp growers of the Philippine Islands of the the duties collected in this country upon Philippine products are export duty on hemp exported to the United States we take collected on sugar. The reduction, therefore, goes almost en­ away $80,000 of the revenue which they now have in the treasury tirely to the benefit of a single industry in the islands, whereas of th~ Philippine Islands. But it is to be remembered that we whatever we retain of the duties collected here at our Pacific or return to them now, for the first time, all the duties collected in other ports is paid into the Philippine treasury and goes back to this country on articles coming from the Philippines, which, theislands forthebenefitnotmerelyof those engagedin.the sugar judging from past years, will be about $400,000. So, if we take industry, but of all the people of all the islands. $80,000 out of their revenue in the islands, we return to them I now 'come to the export duties. It has been the practice, I four times as much from the duties collected in the United States think, in all countries governed by Spain, Spanish-Ame1ican coun­ on Philippine products. tries and elsewhere, instead of imposing a direct tax upon land That this change will be to the advantage of the hemp growers for·the support of the General Government, to be distinguished, of the Philippine Islands can not be doubted; that it will be to of course, from local taxation-it has been the custom, I say, to the advantage of the people of the United States seems to me to raise that money by imposing the tax upon the product of.the land be equally beyond question. The policy of the United States has at the time of exportation. That had been the long-established been to admit manila hemp free into its ports, because it is the practice in the Philippine Islands, but when this present tariff best hemp in the world and is largely used in cordage of all kinds, was made the-export duties were revised, as were the import du­ including binding twine, which has so great a consumption among ties. The number of articles subject to export tax was reduced the agricultural population of the United States. This, of course, and the export duties imposed were retained on others, and in some would bring manila hemp into the United States at a lower price cases increased. The articles subject to export tax in the Philip- than it has ever come before. It would also bring it on a level •pines to-day under the Commission's tariff are abaca-i. e., with the Tampico and other grasses and fibers included in the hemp-indigo, indigo employed for dyeing, rice, sugar, cocoanuts, same schedule in the tariff; whereas if we leave the export duties fresh and dried (copra), and tobacco, which bears a different which we ourselves impose on this article coming into the United rate of export duty according to its place of origin in the islands. States, we put the hemp grown in our own territory at a disad­ Some of these articles pay a duty on entering the United States vantage with the fibers and grasses used for similar purposes and and others come in free. grown in other countries. The hemp is classified upon importation into the United States The whole purpose of the reduction of the export duty, and the under the head of "Fibers and grasses," and comes in under main argument to my mind, was that we ought to put the Philip­ that head as "manila" free of duty. Both kinds of ihdigo come pine products on a parity, to begin with, ·with similar articles in free; copra comes in free. Rice, sugar, and tobacco, which imported from foreign countries. We do this by deducting the are subject to the export duties, all pay duties. The Senate com­ export duty from the rates of duty here. We do not do it in re­ mittee amendment provides that the rates of duty which are gard to hemp, which is their greatest product, if we leave the ex­ levied and collected in the ports of the United States on the prod­ port duty on. Of course all Philippine articles get the reduction ucts of the Philippines shall be less any duty or tax levied, col­ of 25 per cent; but apart from that, I think they are all entitled lected, or paid thereon upon the exportation thereof from the to come in on a parity with similar articles from other countries. Philippine Archipelago; that is, the growers of rice, sugar, and Mr. SPOONER. Will it disturb the Senator if I ask him a tobacco are relieved from their export duty by having it deducted question? from the duties imposed at the ports of the United States. Mr. LODGE. Not at all. Rice, I may say, is not a subject of exportation from the Philip­ Mr. SPOONER. As I understand it, the export tax on hemp pines. On the contrary, they do not grow enough there for their under the local Philippine tariff is 7.50 a ton. own consumption, but import large quantities, chiefly from Mr. LODGE. I understand it makes about 7.50 a long ton. China. Sugar and tobacco are the two articles dutiable here and Mr. SPOONER. Under this bill as amended that tax of 7.50 paying an export duty there which will benefit by the deduction will be imposed upon all hemp exported from the Philippine of the export duty from the reduced Dingley rates. That would Archipelago to any other country than the United States. . raise the reduction on sugar, the principal import, to the neigh­ Mr. LODGE. Undoubtedly. borhood of 35 per cent. It is not easy to calculate the exact Mr. SPOONER. There is no tax imposed upon it when it reduction on sugar, owing to the different grades of test under comes from the Philippines into the United States? which the duties on sugar are collected; but it is near enough to 1\fr. LODGE. No. say that it i~ in the neighborhood of 35 per cent-that is, that the Mr. SPOONER. Will that not have the effect of bringing all 25 per cent deduction, pins the deduction of the export duty, that Philippine hemp to the United States, and therefore de­ makes the total reduction on sugar about 35 per cent. prive the Philippine government of practically the entire export There then remain the articles paying export duties which come tax on hemp? into this country free. They can not be relieved of the export Mr. LODGE. The committee, I will say to the Senator from duty by ma:k:ing a; reduction in the duties here, because there are Wisconsin, considered that question, which is a very important none. Your committee was at first disposed to leave it in that way, one. The removal of the exporl duty is limited to hemp exported but there seemed to be no escape from the argument that it was to the United States for use and consumption in the United not fair to relieve one class of exporters and not another; that if States. we took off the export duty from the raisers of sugar and tobacco, Mr. SPOONER. Certainly. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 825

Mr. LODGE. And that of course must be guarded by rnles the imports increa-sed in 1899 to $40,\W,!XX> and in 1900 to $55,500,(XX) Mexican and the exports to $38,500J.(XX) and $53,iOO,!XX>, respectively. Military SUJ>plies and regulations prescribed by the Treasury Dep~rtme~t. It ma_y are not included in these ngures. . : . . . be possible that we can add a clause here whiCh will guard It The detailed statistics show that Stmnish .trade With. these islands IS ra:p~dly sufficiently, but it seemed to me that it was better to leave ~mat­ diminishing, while commercial relations With the Umted States are gammg. For German interests it is essential to know whether imports from the ter like that as we usually do leave matters of that sort m the United States will receive preferential treatment. Spain ga.ve h~r products tariff to the 'rnles and regulatiom of the Treasury Department. on importation into her colonies preferential rates. The Umted States SPOONER. If the Senator will permit me, what I had in hitherto has abstained from following this _precedent. It is noteworth~ that Mr: the tariff schedule proposed by the United States Commission in Manila re­ mind was whether the estimate of the Senator or of the commit­ tains the present feature of equal rates on all importations, whether from the tee that this change in the bill eliminating the export tax on hemp United States or other countries. which came from the Philippines into the United States would That is embodied in a report from our deputy consul-general not result in a loss of local revenue of more than $80,000. In at Frankfort, and I shall ask to have it printed with my remarks. other words will not the fact that hemp exported from the Phil­ I think it shows that our economic policy in the Philippine ippines to a~y other country than the United States will be sub­ Islands has so far been successful, and, laying aside other ques­ ject to this tax of $7.50 a ton, while it is subject to no tax if it tions, much mooted questions, that in making these reductions comes to this country, lead to such an exportation of hemp to the on articles coming from the Philippines into the United Sta~s United States as to practically deprive the Philippine government we are stimulating the trade with the United States at the pomt of this export tax? where stimulation is needed; that we are already gaining in im- ~ ~: Mr. LODGE. That was the point I was trying to meet, for I ports into the Philippine Islands, and we are ready to lay aside · thought I understood what the Senator's point was. He thinks the hope of monopolizing the trade of the islands themselves, there is a danger of defl€cting all the hemp for all the world to because we are anxious to maintain the larger policy of the open the United States and that it would come in here practically free door. and then be reex-ported; that is, that portion which we did not The third section of this bill relates to tonnage and coastwise use would be reexported to other countries. traffic. As I said at the opening, under the Porto Rican pilotage Mr. SPOONER. Ought not that to be guarded against? case, the Philippine Islands being domestic territory t the. coast­ Mr. LODGE. That is what I said I thought the amendment did wise laws apply. But there are no vessels operating m the guard against, but if it does not, I would be only too happy to ac­ islands or between the islands and the United States which cept any suggestions which would do so, because it would be a can lawfully engage in the coastwise traffic. It therefore became very unfortunate thing if it had that effect. absolutely necessary, by a temporary enactment, to relieve those. Mr. FORAKER. Would not that same danger arise as tq every islands from the coastwise laws of the United States. Otherwise other export from the Philippine Islands as to which the export we should simply paralyze all trade among the iBlands and all duty is taken off by this provision? There would certainly be just trade between the islands and the United States. the same liability to send to this country, if that would be a suffi­ .Also it became necessary' if we were going to open the trade-­ cient reason for deflecting it, all the tobacco and all the sngar and . Mr. BACON. Will the Senator from Massachusetts permit me everything else from which the export duty would be taken. to ask him a question? Mr. LODGE. Yes; it would apply, I suppose. Mr. LODGE. Certainly. Mr. SPOONER. How about indigo? . Mr. BACON. Under what authority are vessels not now nnde1' Mr. LODGE. Indigo is a very_small matter. I mean it is not American registry used in the prosecution of that trade? a practical question. Mr. LODGE. They are under no authority. All trade that is Mr. FORAKER. In other words, it is merely a matter of specu­ going on there to-day, conducted by foreign "!essela, iB ~f n~cessity lation. unlawful, if anybody chooses to ralSe the pomt and brmg It to an Mr. LODGE. I do not see how it could be deflected if the law issue. · is properly enforced. As to the details of enforcing it, I think Mr. BACON. There has, however, been a formal order from that would have to be left to the regulations of the Treasury, but the authorities of the War Department authorizing it, has there if any clause can be devised by the Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. not? SPOONERl or by the Senator from Iowa [Mr. ALLISON], who has Mr. LODGE. Of that I am not informed. perhaps had a larger experience in tariff bills than anybody else, Mr. BACON. Has not the Senator seen the statement in the I should be only too glad to have it added to the bill. public prints that the War Department has issued an order au­ Mr. HALE. Was it not in the contemplation of the committee thorizing those vessels not under American registry to engage in which discussed the very question raised by the Senator from that trade? Wisconsin that when there was embodied the phrase" for con­ Mr. LODGE. The Senator is right. Yes; I have seen it. Ire­ sumption in the United States," the ample powers of the Treas­ member it now. I did not remember it at the time the Senator ury Department in the way of regulation would at once be suffi­ asked the question. cient to protect this product from the Philippine Islands from Mr. BACON. I should like to hear from the Senator, who is being sent here and in a roundabout way going to another conn­ chairman of the committee, what he thinks as to the authority try; that the phrase "for consninption in the United States" and power of the War Department to issue any such order. . leaves all else to the Treasury Department by regulation, so that Mr. LODGE. I think this: Here was an exigency where, if, we should not be an intermediate point? I think that was the under the decision of the Supreme Court, they had rigidly enforced understanding of the committee. the law they would have stopped all trade between those islands; Mr. LODGE. That was the understanding of the committee, they w~uld have absolutely wrecked all business and stopped an certainly. commerce between the islands. No greater blow could have been Now, Mr. President, only a word in conclusion on these two inflicted. It would have been sufficiently trying and embarrassing sections in regard to the general state of trade. The imports of to stop the trade between the Philippines and the United States, the United States into-the Philippine Islands have been increasing, but to stop all that local interisland commerc~, when the. Depart­ showing that certainly the tariff imposed there, which we bear in ment was well informed that Congress, as rapidly as possible, was common with other countries, has not been operating unfavorably trying to meet the exigency, it seems to me would have been a to us. Exports to this country from the Philippines have been cruel and useless thing to do. Undoubtedly the Department, decreasing somewhat, and all of the reductions made by the com­ knowing perfectly well that it was going beyond the law, took mittee tend to improve exportations to this country from the Phil­ the responsibility wisely and bravely, _and trusted that 9<>ngress ippine Islands, and, I think, are very wise on that account as well in its wisdom and good sense would giVe them support, if neces­ as on others which I have tried to describe. sary for what had been done and would affirm their act. The state of trade in the Philippine Islands is prosperous. I will Mi-. BACON. If the Senator will permit me, I do not wish to not, in support of that statement, draw any evidence from any enter into any discussion of the question he raises as to the pro­ American source, but I will ask to have printed, after reading, a priety of the action. I simply asked as to t~e auiJ?.ori~. But if circular which has been sent out to the German press and business he will pardon me I should ~e to make this 3:pplication: If the circles by the German Government. In that circular the German exigency as it has heretofore ensted warranted It, the continuance Government says: of the exigency will also warrant it, and the great emergencY: to Although the pacification of the Philippine Archipelago has not as yet been which the Senator alluded in his opening remarks does not enst. fully established, the account<:! of its economic development are s~ favora:ble Mr. LODGE. I think it does exist, and for the very reason that that it can not be too strongly urged upon GE>rman exporters to give particu­ lar attention to this group of islands. From July, l!ro, to March, 1001, the the Secretary has been obliged and the Philippine Commiss~on exports have increased by 34 per ~nt and the imJX?rts by 52 per cent, a~ com­ have been obliged to accede to the conduct of commerce whic~ pared with those of the same period of the prec.edin~ year. The testimony they know to be going on illegally. It is not a ~h?lesome condi­ can not be withheld that the American administratiOn of the affairs of the Philipi>ines has, as far as the economical betterment of the country is con­ tion. I do not see how anyone can suggest that It 1S a wholesome cerned, already achieved extraordinary success. condition. We have to get ready-- In 18~ which was the last year of ~ceful condition while under Spanish Mr. MITCHELL. Will the Senator from Massachusetts allow rule, the Philippine imports reached $28,500,!XX> and the exports $33,100,!XX> Mexican in value. me? Under American rule, in spite of the continued insurrection of the natives, Mr. LODGE. Certainly. 826 ~CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE JANUARY 21, - f Mr. MITCHELL. At the date of the decision of the Supreme we mean; which convey i10 assurance to anyone as to what the Court there were all along the Pacific coast any number of for­ future will really bring. eign vessels loaded, ready to depart, and the Department simply I believe this bill to be a wise and sensible method of dealing permitted them to clear until such time as the matter could be with the existing question. If the next six months shall produce remedied here. to us a wiser and better, I shall be happy to join in it. But what­ Mr. BACON. Of course; we understand that. ever we do, whether we give them free trade, as the minority pro­ Mr. LODGE. The Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE] suggests pose, or a tariff such as we propo e, let us give it to them without to me that in Porto Rico the same thing was done. I believe that a promise; let us do what we have to do as we stand, and not is true. But opening our Philippine trade to foreign commerce attempt to put mortgages upon an unknown future. it became necessary, of course, to impose the same tonnage dues Mr. RAWLINS. Mr. President, the measure approved by the which are now imposed on all fm·eign vessels coming into the majority of the Committee on the Philippines is supposed to be United States. That has been done by the first clause in the bill. rendered necessary by the recent decisions of the Supreme Court, All that the Senate has done is to extend the House provision for holding that by the treaty with Spain the Philippines became part raising tonnage dues on foreign vessels trading between the Phil­ of the United States and ceased to be foreign territory, and that ippines and the United States to foreign ves els engaged in inter­ goods imported therefrom into the United States, or entering the island commerce. That is, it puts them all on the same plane, islands from the United States, are not subject to the payment of and of course it necessarily gives to any American vessels enter­ tariff duties until Congress should otherwise provide, and that it ing the trade an advantage which they ought to have, for it is is competent for Congress to make any disposition of the islands greatly to our interest to have the interisland trade pass into which it may deem proper. American hands at the earliest moment. I am told there are now The bill proposed by the majority in its first section reenacts on the way to the-Philippine Islands, intending to take part in or continues in force the tariff act, so called, passed by the Phil­ that trade, 19 small vessels built in the United States. ippine Commission, fixing certain duties to be collected upon The remaining sections of the bill provide for making draw­ goods entering the Philippine Archipelago. At present such backs of the internal-revenue taxes, or of duties levied on any goods from other countries are subject to the payment of the du­ materials which are in articles sent to the Philippine Islands. ties prescribed by our general tariff act, generally known as the That is, it is relieving our. own producer from paying internal­ Dingley tariff law, unless the tariff act of the Taft Commission revenue taxes on an article of export to the Philippine Islands, is held to supersede it. where he is met by a tariff. As I say, the remaining sections Whereas now, under the decision of the Supreme Court, no provide for that, and they also provide the necessary administra­ duties can be collected upon goods entering the islands from the tive sections for carrying out these provisions in regard to draw­ United States or entering the United States from the islands, the backs which have been suggested by the Treasury Department of second section of the bill proposed by the majority provides that the United States. the same tariffs, customs, and duties (less 25 per cent) shall be Now, Mr. President, that is the bill. It is intended, as its title. paid upon all articles, the growth of the islands, coming into the declares, for the temporary establishment of these new tariffs. United States from the islands which are required to be paid upon We shall then have abundant time to gather information as to articles imported from foreign countries. any changes that may be needed and to adapt the navigation laws These two provisions proceed upon the theory that in respect of to new circumstances as new circumstances may arise. That tariff taxation it is unsafe to treat the islands otherwise than as seems to me to be the only wise way to deal with the existing foreign territory. situation, and beyond the existing situation I have no desire to go. This measure is not necessary to provide revenue for the islands. The minority of the committee have offered a substitute for As already pointed out by the chairman of the Committee on the the House bill which the majority of the committee has reported Philippines, the proportion of the trade of the United States with with amendments. The minority substitute thunders loudly in the islands in comparison with that of the total trade of the the index about granting independence and treating the Philip­ islands is i.D.significant, and the revenue derived from that trade pine Islands as a foreign country, but when we turn the page we will not exceed $400,000 per annum. We are informed by the find that the solution of the Philippine question is all subordi­ report of the Taft Commission that they have an abundance of nated to the hard fact that the United States must continue to revenue at present, and that there is a surplus in the treasury of occupy and govern that archipelago for the present, at least, and more than $5,000,000. So there is no urgency in respect to the until a stable government is formed-a very vague date. passage of this measure as proposed by the majority of the com­ Now, the minority and the majority agree that we must deal mittee, so far as concerns providing revenues to defray the ex­ with the islands for the present, at least. The minority propose penses of the government in the Philippine Islands. to sweep away all tariffs between the islands and the United Section 3 of the proposed bill denies to the islands the benefit States and to encourage them to leave us by promising that when of any of the statutory laws of the United States relating to they do leave us we shall reimpose all the duties that we can shipping, and in that respect treats the islands as foreign territory. against their products-a strange inducement to offer for sepa­ These provisions put the islands outside the domain of general ration. The minority also make large promises as to the future. national legislation, as they have also been denied the benefits or Mr. President, I hold an entirely open mind as to what we protection of our Constitution. shall do in the Philippines next year or next month. I hold an Section 4 directs as to the disposition of the moneys derived from entirely open mind not only as to our legislative arrangements in tariff taxation under the preceding clauses. It will thus be seen those islands and the provisions we shall make for the govern­ that the majority of the committee deem it unsafe in any respect ment of them while that government rests in our hands, but as to treat the islands or their people as if an integral part of the to tl+e relations which we shall maintain with them in the pres­ United States. They fear that free trade and intercourse with ent, in the immediate futm·e, or ultimately. But there is one the islands and the competition of their industries will be de­ thing to which I will never willingly give my vote if I can possi­ structive of the welfare of the people of this country. They bly avoid it. I will never put into a bill for the Philippine recognize that, as to the government of the islands, a total de­ Islands a legislative promise, vague, uncertain, perhaps impossi­ parture must be made from the policy of the Government which ble of fulfillment. I will never take part in raising hopes in the has hitherto prevailed. The majority, however, cling to the idea breasts of any people which they can easily misinterpret and that we must retain the islands, exact allegiance of their people, which it might be impossible for us to fu.lfi11. and coerce their submission to our authorityhwhile we deny to There seems to me but one fair and intelligent way of dealing them the protection of our Constitution and t e equal benefit of with the islands, and that is to deal with them as they are now; our laws; tax them without representation; dispose of the moneys to deal with all questions as they arise. When they are ready to thus derived without regard to their wishes, and govern them by take the government of the islands into their own hands, we shall methods of despotism, against their protest and without their con­ know it, and we can then turn the islands over to them. But let us sent. That is the purpose of the measure which is now presented keep clear of vague words and still vaguer promises. Let us do to the Senate for its consideration. all that we can to advance the prosperity of the Filipinos- to ed­ It must be plain to the reasonable mind that the measure pro­ ucate them, to improve them, and to uplift them; but do not let posed by the majority will not tend to promote peace and the re­ us make promises to them about a future as to which neither we establishment of order in the archipelago. These people, when nor they can tell. they understand the purport of this measure, will find in these Let us deal with the questions of the day as they arise, one after provisions a realization of their worst fears, that they were to be another. Then, indeed, it will be difficult enough, trying to the made the subjects of despotic rule and the victims of remorseless utmost the best statesmanship and the most honest purposes that tyranny. this country can produce. · But do not let us enter upon a plan It is not difficult to foresee the results of the policy proposed by of offering to them fine words and loose language and specious the majority. The tragic struggle in the islands will continue. promises, which deceive them and deceive us and deceive the There will be war, insurrection, brigandage, robbery, and assassi­ whole world; which may be what we mean or may not be what nation. Except where under the perfect protection of military 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 827

power there will be no safety to life or security for property. ment discloses the increased cost of the military establishment by Industry and trade will be paralyzed. Without otl?-er weapons, reaso~ of the retention of the islands. the people there, in their deep resentment and desrre to wreak Amounts in­ revenge, may resort to stealth and t~eachery. The people of Number of volved in ac­ offending localities may be, as according to reports they have Fiscal year. accounts counts set- been, rounded up for extermination. The '!aste. of blood. and settled. tled. treasure will continue. The horror of the Situation, now mde- scribable, will, if possible, grow more aggravated. . 1897------5,155 $Z3, 700, 853. 3l It may be observed that we have embark~d on a du~. if not 1898------·------·------5,200 00, 025, 510. 38 1899------10,376 85,668,444.18 inconsistent form of despotic rule to be apphed to the Islands­ 19CX)- ---·------·------18,097 87,211,249.46 one a milita~y rule, the other the irr~sponsible! ~utocratic rule of 1901.------16,481 IID,001,378.57 the Philippine Commission. There IS no definition of the bound­ ary between the two. Perhaps the one is designed to hold the The annual expenditure during the year of the Spa~h war people in submission while their exploitation is conducted by the was, in round numbers, $85,000,000. The annual expendi~e for other. . hr · d · f the fiscal year ending July 1, 1901, was $12.0,900,000, ~ultiplymg It will doubtless be contended that our philant opic esll'e.. or the ordinary expenditures upon a peace footing five times from the welfare of the islands is displayed in section 4. The Philip­ 1897 to the end of the fiscal year 1901. pine Commission desire to hav~ at t~e~ dispos:lilarge sums of It must be evident that our army in the Philippines is inade money for expenditure. There IS no.limit to therr power of mul­ quate for the protection of life and property. By force we .have tiplying offices and employments, fixing the y,enure of ~.e offices, compelled many of the inhabitants to take the oath of allegmnce and the amount of the salaries, compensation, perqUl.Sites, and·. to the United States, and the Philippine Commission would un incidentals. They are far removed from the critical and. censur­ dertak:e to impose upon some of these the responsibilities of gov ing gaze of the free American people. They owe no duty and ernment. have no responsibility to the helpless people among whom they So great is the ill will of these people tow~rd us that th~se who operate. have declared their adherence to the Umted States, bemg re None of the swarms of officers or emissaries whom we send garded by the patriots as traitors, are marked for punishment hither from the highest to the lowest, expect permanently to Many of these " friends" have been assassinated, others have establlsh their homes there. Their sojourn is to be temporary. been buried alive, our army being inadequate to afford them Their chief interest or center of desire is their return with replen­ protection. ished fortunes to live in the affiuence derived from foreign This army has been assigned to the performance of cer~ du exploitation. Such has been the history of like rule at all times, ties in the islands and has performed them, no doubt, With the and amonO' all classes and races of people. It is one of the neces­ highest degree of energy and efficiency, bll:t rep_orts .from the sary results of carrying out an imperial programme. islands reveal what seems to me an appalling Situation. The Look at the conduct of our agents in Cuba, stealing the trust almost universal sentiment among the native inhabitants is in funds committed to their care. Examine the proceedings of even favor of their independence. For various reasons they feel e~ our judges, marshals! and other officials ~ far distm;t Al~sk!l'. treme hostility to the Government of the United States. In their It seems impossible to administe:r: an. Indian rese~ation Within own estimation they are patriots and struggling in a holy cause our borders with honesty. ConsprraCies to comrmt a larceny of It is most natural that all the inhabitants feel in sympathy with their wealth even there seem to become predominant. . their compatriots in arms. Their every honest impulse would be The policy outlined by the majority proposes the permanent m­ to render aid in this cause. stitution of the practice of tyranny. The Senator from Massa­ Those in command of the army found that ordinary methods of chusetts [Mr. LoDGE] has said that ~s measure is but ~mpo­ carrying on the warfare were without result. Accordingly they rary, but he de

At the same time he issued an order to the station commanders us or look upon us as friends. We may coerce them to submis­ that the people inhabiting barrios and country in the provinces of sion for a time. They will nurse their wrath, however, and lay Batangas and Laguna should, by the 25th of the same month, be by for a favorable opportunity to wreak revenge. If we make a gathered into the garrisoned towns. In the same order he em­ brief retrospect of our dealings with them, this will be made mani­ ployed this language: fest to every reasonable mind. Commanding officers will also see that orders are at once given and dis­ From the point of view of the native inhabitants. what have tributed to all the inhabitants within the jurisdiction of towns over which they exercise supervision, informing them of the danger of remaining out­ we done? They once looked at our history as an example of what side of these limits, and that unless they move by December 25 from outlying may be achieved by a people determined to be free. When the barrios and districts, with all their movable food supplies, including rice.l war with Spain came we hunted up their fugitive leaders. By palay, chickens, live stock, etc., to within the limits of the zone establishea them we were assured of the aid of their people on the basis of at their own or nearest town, their pro~rty (found outside of said zone at said date) will become liable to confisca.tion or destruction. gaining their independence under our protection. With the Think of it! A people peacefully pursuing their avocations in knowledge of this aspiration of the Philippine people and of their their own country, upon their own land, compelled, within a firm belief that such would be the result of their cooperation with period which would seem to render it impossible to comply with us, we invited and accepted their aid. It involved the highest the order, to do this under penalty of being subjected to the de­ sacrifice a people can make-their peace, their fortunes, their struction or confiscation of their property. lives. For months we permitted them to nurse this sweet delu­ sion while they poured out their blood, as they believed, in con­ The people- secration of their native soil to liberty and independence. Mark this gracious provision in this orde:r­ When, with their aid, we had triumphed-when Manila had The people will be permitted to move houses- fallen-we denied them any share in the glory of the victory. after they get this notice and before the 25th day of December­ We shut the gates of their own city against them. We cast them from outlying districts., should they desire to do so, or to construct tempo­ aside. Across their native soil, moistened by the blood spilled by rary shelter for themselves on any vacant land without compensation to the them in our service, we marked dead lines. We dared them to owner; and no owner will be permitted to deprive them of the privilege of doing so. cross under penalty of death. Then we sent commissioners to Those who, within the short time elapsing from the 8th until try still further to delude them with canting phrase and hypocrit­ the 25th of December, after receiving information of the order, ical pretense. This, to the Filipino mind, was but the cowardly failed to comply with it were to be dealt with as traitors or spies culmination of our career of perfidy. and their property confiscated or destroyed. Four Filipinos left a blockhouse to walk toward Manila. They I next read some words which ought to have a familiar sound were called to halt by an American sentry. It is said they did not in this Chamber and which once moved this body to heroic action: heed the command. Two of their nnmber were shot. The others returned to the blockhouse, and the firing began. The next day All the country people in the four western provinces~. a bout 400,00> in num- the American commander sent the message: '' The firing, having ber, remaining outside the fortified toWilB when Wey1er's order was made begun, must continue to the gnm' end." . were driven into these towns, and these are the reconcentrados. They were the peasantry, many of them farmers, some landowners, others rentin~ lands Unfortunately, he proved a true prophet, and his dismal fore­ and owning more or less stock. others working on estates and cultivating cast has been more than realized. What is still in store for us in ita· small patches-and even a small patch in that fruitful clime will support a further fnl:fillment is not difficult to foresee, if the policy outlined family. It is but fair to say that the normal condition of these people was very dif- by the majority is to prevail. It is said one-sixth of the native ferent from what prevails in this country. Their standard of comfort and inhabitants of Luzon have perished. Devastation has swept that prosperity was not hi~h, measured by ours; but according to their standards land. Every hou. sehold is doubtless filled with sorrow. With and requirements the:tr conditions of life were satisfactory. They lived mostly in cabins made of palms, or in wooden houses. Some of their vision resting upon desolated homes and bereaved families, them had houses of stone, the blackened walls of which are all that remain to is it possible that there can be anyone having so little knowledge show the country was ever inhabited. f h tur to bell f · ta t th t th 1 will The first clause of Wayler's order reads as follows: o nman na e as eve or an ms n a ese peop e "L Order and conunand.-First. All the inhabitants of the country or out- ever in their lives look with real friendly feeling toward the Gov­ side of the line of fortifications of the towns shall1 within the period of eight ernment which has brought upon them such sorrow and min? days, concentrate themselves in the towns occupied by the troops. .A:ny in- Of •t to 1 to k d 4-~ dividua.l who, after the expiration of this period, is found in the uninhabited course we owe 1 ourse ves ma e recompense an IAJ parts, will be considered a rebel and tried as sucn." atone as far as we can for the wrongs which we have committed.' The other three sections forbid the transportation of provisions from one It is not yet too late to fulfill our pledge to accord to them their town to another without permission of the military authority; direct the independence,· it is not yet too late to allow them some outlet for owners of cattle to bring them into the towns, prescrfbe that the eight days shall be counted from the publication of the proclamation in the head towu their products and an opportunity to live; it is not yet too late of the municipal district, and state that if news is furnished of the enemy for us to stay the hand of the carpetbagger and remove from which can be made use of, it will serve as a "recommendation." them the peril of future exploitation;. it is not yet too late for us And that, too, is taken as the pattern for some instructions to take the yoke of autocratic and military despotism from their which General Bell promulgated to the station commanders in necks, and, better than all, while we do this we best subserve the Batangas. Many, doubtless, didnotlearnof this order. I wonder interests of the people of the United States. how many in Batangas learned of Bell's order. They can not read No one can be deceived, in view of the official reports and other the English language. . Very few know the Spanish language. information coming to us, into the belief that the islands afford How many ever saw it before the 25th day of December, when it any opportunity for the employment of American labor. Toil was to be carried into execution? to the white man in that climate is an impossibility. So far as Many, doubtless, did not learn of this order. Others failed to grasp its ter- the native inhabitants are concerned, there is not much danger of rible meaning. Its execution was left largely to the guerrillas to drive in all the serious competition of the products of their industry with the that had not obeyed, and I was informed that in many cases the torch was products of Amen'can labor upon this continent. BT'It the pos · _ applied to their homes with no notice, and the inmates fled with such cloth- ... 81 ing as they might. have on, their stock and other belongings being a.ppropri- bilities of the future of those islands, in the production of sugar a~d by the guerrillas. When they reached the towns they_ w~re allowed to and other tropical products with an adequate supply of cheap buildhutsofpalmleavesmthesuburbsandvacantplacesWlthinthetrochas, · adil' f d d d · h C · and left to live, if they could. .labor, which may be re y oun an procure m t e hina.- Their huts are about 10 by 15 feet in size, and for want of space are usually man, do constitute a future menace to American industry. m;owded together very closely. The-y: have no !loor bu~ the ground, no fm;- If we retain the islands it will be but to one end. That is ex- mture, and, after a year's wear, but little clothing except such stray substi- . . ' , · d· b · · · ·' tutes as they can extemporize; and with large families, or more than one, in plmtation. They can only be exp1.01te Y gigantic co~bmations. t~ little space, ~he co~on~t sanitary provisions are ~possible .. Condi- The islands will not be the poor man's country. It IS the trust t10ns are ~ent10nable m this respect. Torn from thell' homes, With foul that will go there. It is the trust that will own and control the earth foul all', foul water, and foul food or none, what wonder that one-half l tati th timbe d th · a1 h t have died and one-quarter of the living are so diseased that they can not be sugar p an on, e r, an e. mmer resources, w a ever saved? A form of dropsy is a common disorder resulting from these condi- they may be. It is the trust that will demand cheap labor and, tions.. Little children are still walking about with ar~ and chest terriply through its domination in the affairs of our Government at home, emacmte~ , _eyes swollen, and abdomen bloated to three times the natural siZe. adil ee that ·twill procure an arrangement by which The phySICians say these cases are hopeless. _ we.can re Y s. 1 . . . . Deaths in the streets have not been uncommon. I was told by one of our Chinese labor will be admitted free mto the islands. The China­ consuls that they have been ~ound dead about the ~a.rkets in the morning, man in his own country renders faithful and diligent work at the where they had crawled, hopmg to get some stray bits of food from the early f 1 ha th Wh t nld th beet d hucksters and that there had been cases where they had dropped dead mside rate o ess t n 2 per mon . a wo e an cane the mark~t surrounded by f

with this duty removed there will remain but a single buyer and icy we may take, we have the consolation of knowing that it can consumer of Cuban raw sugar, namely, the American Sugar Re­ not be made worse. The people over there have been demanding fining Company. It will fix absolutely the price to be paid to the and fighting for their independence. The proposition of the Cuban for his raw sugar, and when the trust has obtained the minority would accord this to them. In so far as we have had sugar at its own price and refined it it will fix the price at which any expression from those people, we learn that they desire to it will sell the refined article to the American people. The trust have the shackles taken from their trade. The minority proposes has no other competitor than that of the Louisiana and beet sugar that so long as we continue in poss~ssion of the islands there refiners. This agitation for free raw sugar from Cuba is simply shall be freedom of trade between tham and the United States. -an effort of the sugar trust to acquire a weapon with which to Having destroyed the government, it is our duty, of course, to the beat down and destroy its only competitors. When the Philip­ world to remain in the islands long enough until the people there pines become thus trust infested we can readily forecast what will can establish an orderly government. be the result. Of course, when the United States withdraws from the islands, The Democratic proposition is that tariff should be imposed for and they assume in all respects the attitude of a foreign country, revenue, the duties to be so adjusted as to operate equally through­ in that category they will be subject to the provisions of our gen­ out the country and not to discriminate between class or section. eral laws relating to tariff taxation, the same as other foreign We are not in favor of imposing or maintaining any duty for the countries. The declaration in the amendment offered by the benefit or encouragement of monopoly. Neither are we in favor minority, that goods then entering the United States shall be sub­ of taking off any duty for the special aid of any such monopoly. ject to the like duties which are or may be prescribed for goods These trusts, without exception, want free trade in all they have entered from other countries, does not imply that we of the mi­ to buy and protective duties to the point of prohibition upon all nority believe in the tariff legislation now in force. We think, in they have to sell. the interest of our welfare, the duties ought to be readjusted in When we read the report of the Taft Commission and its recom­ such a way as not to encourage trusts, foster monopoly, and add mendations, we find there the declaration that the Philippine to the burdens of our own people. The proposition is that the Islands are no place for the small capitalist or the small land islands be relinquished, and then that we deal with them as we owner. .It follows, therefore, that it is no pla~e for the American would deal with other foreign countries, having due regard for people. Whatever line of reasoning we may follow, whatever the interests of our own people. These interests, of course, in view of the facts we may take, they all lead logically and neces­ our opinion, demand a modification of existing tariff laws. sarily to one conclusion-that it is to the interest of this Govern­ We have coerced the aid and allegiance to us of certain of the ment that the islands be relinquished. inhabitants of the islands. We can not, of course, leave the is­ We can not set up any system of temporary government in the lands without obtaining sufficient guaranties for their protection. nature of a tutelage to those people with the ultimate end of ad­ We have incurred a treaty obligation with Spain that she shall mitting them into a participation in the affairs of this nation. A have the same privileges of trade with the islands as the United monarchy, an empire, may possibly hold together with hetero­ States for ten years. We must arrange that this obligation be geneous races and divergent interests. If a republic is to survive fulfilled. We relinquish sovereignty. We remain until peace has it must be a homogeneous united nation, with all its people stand­ come to the islands and orderly government has been set up, and ing upon an equal footing, with equal privileges under the safe­ every obligation of honor and duty on our part has been fulfilled. guards of a constitution and the operation of equal and just laws. Then we withdraw, leaving the people whom we rescued from The Philippines can never be admitted into the select and sacred Spanish tyranny to work out their own destiny in their own way. circle constituting the sisterhood of the Republic. Every consid­ Can anyone doubt the magic influence the enactment of this eration of our interest forbids it. If we regard their welfare measure proposed by the minority would have in 'the islands in alone, it is an impossibility. We can not and will not rule them the way of restoring peace and bringing order out of chaos? justly or to their advantage. We will destroy them without be­ Why not take this step? Some answer that other nations would ing their successo-r, but only to give place to another race suited to laugh at us. This Government ought to be strong enough not to that climate. Contact with them will be destructive to them and care either for their sneers or their threats. Some say that no injurious to us. Trade in their products will of course remain nation of our race ever gives up any territory which it may open to us, as to the rest of the world. Its advantages, whatever acquire. These people evidently have not read history. Great they may be, will be greater if we relinquish the islands than if Britain once had Cuba and gave it up. She once had t:Q.e Mosquito we retain them. The majority substantially admit this. They coast and gave it up. She once had thirteen American colonies intend to place the people of the United States upon the same and_gave them up. She once had South Africa, gave it up, and footing with all other nations in respect of the commerce of the is now making a wretched attempt to reclaim it. islands. If we retain them and rule them despotically outside No nation whose affairs are administered with foresight and the Constitution, a-s a sort of freebooting and exploiting enter­ intelligence would ever acquire territory or attempt to hold ter­ prise, it will redound to our eternal shame and disgrace. It will ritory which it feels will be a burden, dangeroUB to the integrity bring to us neither gold nor glory. of its institutions and the welfare of its people. Every lover of the Republic with a reflective mind must be Let the Ishmaelite go; otherwise the burden of our difficulties conscious that our present trend is in the direction of disaster. will grow. Our means of national defense will be weakened. Our island possessions will prove a worse curse to us than they Taxes, like the old man of the sea, will hang upon our backs, and proved to Spain. Her commissioners at Paris were forced to con­ in the end the gory head of the Republic may be raised upon a fess that Spain had held the Philippines for three hundred years pike as a terrible warning to any who would struggle to be free. to the detriment of her welfare. Spain bore the burden as a sort Mr. BACON. Mr. President, I do not rise for the purpose of of cross for the propagation of religion. The same influence which debating this bill, but I wish to add a few words to what I said led _her to subject and hold these islands established the inquisi­ in a colloquy with the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LODGE] tion and waged a destructive war against the people of the N eth­ when he was upon the floor. I refrained from doing so at that erlands. The Government of the United States has not for its time because I did not wish to unduly interrupt him. object either the propagation or suppression of religion. This The Senate will remember that the Senator from Massachusetts Government holds no sword of Mahomet. As to this Government, gave as one reason why there was urgency in the present situation one religion is just as g<1od as another, whether it found its origin requiring immediate action upon this bill, that there were no ships in India, in Arabia, or Europe, or the islands of the sea. Those engaged in the trade between the Philippine Islands and the ministers and religious teachers of the people who advocate ex­ United States which were authorized under the law to engage in pansion in order that the conquest of their respective creeds may that trade since the decision of the Supreme Court had determined keep pace with the desolating power of our armies, mistake the that the Philippine Islands constituted a part of our domestic ter­ end and genius of our institutions. True religion, like mercy, is ritory, and that therefore it was important that this bill should be not strained. It droppeth like the gentle rain from heaven upon passed·immediately, or at a very early date, because it contained a the place beneath. We can not engender love by injustice or provision which authorized ships not under American registry to propagate religion by force or prosecution. It is no part of the continue in that trade. business of this Government to lay taxes, 1-aise armies, and pro­ I asked the distinguished and learned Senator under what vide navies that Methodism, Catholicism, or Mormonism may find authority the ships now engaged in that trade not under Ameri­ a foothold in the East. can registry were so engaged, and he replied that he was not in­ The proposition which the minority submits, if adopted, will formed. I then asked him if he did not know, if he had not seen prove a simple and effective remedy for the troubles which affiict in the public prints, the statement that from the War Depart­ us. It ought to be a~cepted. It is in line with the history and ment there had been an order issued authorizing vessels not traditions of the Republic. It proposes to relinquish the islands. under American registry to continue in that trade, and the Sena­ We have destroyed the government which the people there had tor then recalled the fact that he did so remember, and immedi­ set up and under which life and property were secure. We have ately proceeded to defend the act of the War Department for brought about a condition of anarchy. The situation now is such having issued such an order. He urged that, if it had not been that, whatever we do, whatever departure from the present pol- done, there could have been no trade continued by vessels to and 830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 21, from the Philippines, from the fact that there were no vessels Mr. President, it has come to pass that all the departments of there authorized under the law to engage in such trade, and con­ this Government are engaged in legislation-not only the legisla­ sequently there would have been an immediate cessation of the tive department but the executive department and the judicial trade. department. I do not say that in any offensive sense. I say it My distinguished friend from Oregon [Mr. MITCHELL] sug­ has come to be recognized and to be talked about in the news­ gested that at the time of the rendition of this decision there papers as a correct thing for the judiciary department to engage in were a large number of vessels upon the Pacific coast loaded and legislation-not simply statute legislation, but in amending the ready to proceed to those islands which had to stop, and wmch Constitution of the United States. only proceeded by virtue of the fact, a8 I understood him, that I saw printed in the Washington Post-I 'Wish. I had it here to they were permitted by the authorities to do so in violation of law. read it-an editorial article from one of the prominent Republican Mr. President, the reply of the Senator from Massa~husett is newspapers-and I have seen similar articles in the New York no reason why the War Department ha.s. any power or authority and other newspapers-in which the country was congratulated or privilege to violate the law. I will read the law. I can not on the fact that we have an elastic Constitution, and that that read it all, but I will read enough of it to show what it is. It is elasticity could be taken advantage of by the judiciary of the section 4311 of the Revised Statutes, which is in these words: country to so amend it by judicial exposition as to adapt it to the SEc. 4311. Vessels of 20 tons and upward, em·olled in pursuance of this title, changing needs of the country. and having a license in force, or vessels of less than 20 tons., which, although not enrolled, have a license in force, as required by this title, and no others, Mr. :MITCHELL. May I interrupt the Senator again? shall be deemed ves....<>els of the United States entitled to the privileges of ves­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Georgia sels employed in the coasting trade or fisheries. yield? There is the law of the United States in as simple, as plain, as 1\fr. BACON. If it is for an inquiry I will yield, but not for unambiguous, and as peremptory language as words could enable an argument. . it to be framed, and yet the position of the learned and distin­ Mr. MITCHELL. For a question. guished and honorable Senator from l\fassachusetts is that if an Mr. BACON. I yield for a question. emergency arises by which trade will be stopped an officer of this Mr. 1\fiTCHELL. Do I understand from the Senator from Government can take the responsibility to annul the law by an Georgia that if he had been Secretary of the Treasury or Secre­ order and to declare that it may be violated 'With impunity. · tary of War at the date of the decision of the Supreme Couri of Mr. President, one of the great evils of this miserable business the United States-! am assuming for ·the sake of argument that upon which we have ent~red is that it brings us face to face fre­ there were no American vessels, or none flying the American flag quently with situations where it is very important-I will not say or bearing an American registry, on the ocean between the United ''very important,'' but where there is an urgent need for the vio­ States and our outlying posses ions, and as a matter of fact there lation of law in order that there may not be greater evils, perhaps. were but very few-he would have stopped the commerce of that And yet it was not the contemplation of the framers of this Gov­ whole country? That he would have refused to allow a foreign ernment that when a law was upon the statute book, if it would ve el to clear, and held up the commerce of the Pacific Ocean? work evil any department of this Government should have the Mr. BACON. I do- not understana, in the first place, that there right to violate it because it would work evil. was any such order by the Secretary of the Treasury, and I am 1\Ir. MITCHELL. May I ask the Senator a question? not addressing myself to any supposititious case. I am address­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Georgia ing myself to the actual fact, as statvad in the public pres, that yield to the Senator from Oregon? the Secretary of War issued an order permitting and authorizing Mr. BACON. Yes, sir. certain vessels to engage in trade, which, under our navigation MI·. MITCHELL. Would the Senator from Georgia, in the case laws, those vessels are directly and positively prolu'bited from to which he has just referred, arraign the Secretary of the Treas­ engaging in. ury-for it was the Secretary of the Treasury, I believe, in pur­ 1\Ir. MITCHELL. It would have been all the same in the case suance of an order of the Secretary of War, who did it-for per­ of the Secretary of War? mitting certain foreign vessels to clear to our outlying possessions Mr. BACON. The Senator asked me that question before. under the peculiar circumstances surrounding the case and sur­ Mr. MITCHELL. The Senator would have allowed commerce rounding our· commerce at that time, in view of the recent deci­ to be brought to a standstill? sion of the Supreme Court? Does the Sep.ator see no distinction Mr. BACON. Yes; if that answer will suit the Senator. in the act of the Secretary of the Treasury or the Secretary of Mr. MITCHELL. That is what I want to know. War in a case of that lri,nd from an act had he permitted a for­ Mr. BACON. I am coming to that, and will make it a little eign vessel to clear from the port of Portland, Oreg., to the port more elaborate than I have done by the simple word' yes;" but of San Francisco, Cal., or :fJ:om any other port on the mainland of I use·the word "yes" in order that the Senator may be satisfied the United State,s to any other port on the mainland? Does the for the present. Senator not draw a distinction? Can not he see, under the cir­ The law does not say that an officer shall execute the law ex­ cumstances, a difference, especially in view of the fact that the cept in cases of emergency, and that then he may violate it. The Philippine Archipelago is admittedly under military rule? law does not give him the right to judge when he shall violate it. Mr. BACON. Before I get through I will answer the Senator. The law says that he shall not violate it under any circumstances, I am speaking now of an order of the War Department authoriz­ and he swears that he will not. No man, be he official or private ing vessels not under American registry to engage in a trade that citizen, is above the law. the statute of the United States says they shall not engage in, and,. But, Mr. President, the Senator interrupted me on a different as I shall endeavor to show before I get through, it was an unnec­ line, and I will, with his permission, resume what I was sayirig essary order. at that time. I repeat that I do not speak of judicial legislation Mr. 1\IITCHELL. The Senator woul

J :I 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 831 occasion hereafter- to again ref& to this subject, I shall bring such authority in theWar Department, snch as that suggested by some of these extracts in here and read them to the Senate. the Senator from Oregon [Mr. MITCHELL], and that consequently But :Mr. President, as I stated, this unauthorized legislation is there must be legislation by Congress. not limited to the judiciary. We are having the Executive De­ I repeat that there has never been a day from the first meeting partments undertaking to determine when an exigency arises of the present session of Congress until to-day when on that pal·­ which will authorize a departmental officer to legislate, and Sen­ ticular day there could not have been a joint resolution passed ators like the Senator from Oregon [Mr. MITCHELL] stand in the through both the Senate and House which would have given the Senate of the United States to defend it. The Senator asked me, authority in this particular that is sought to be conferred by this as if it were a monstrous proposition to deny ~he power, whether bill; and, sir, I will state-and I think with no impropriety-that in case obedience to law would stop a ship, the Secretary of the the suggestion was communicated to Senators upon the other side Treasury has a right to violate the law in m·de:r that the ship may of the Chamber, after consultation by Senators on this side of the proceed? Who gave to any citizen of the United States when Chamber, that if such an emergency existed, if it were true that clothed with a little brief authority the right to violate the law? there were no vessels which could enter into this coastwise trade What gives him the right to make law any more than a private by reason of the statute which I have read, we were ready to citizen has that right? One who annuls a law is as much of a waive all else and have that joint resolution enacted immediately. lawmaker as is the one who enacts law; and one who suspends a So I submit to the judgment of the Senate that the reply of the statute and says it shall not operate for two months is as much of distinguished Senator, that an emergency existed, in the first place, a lawmaker as one who finally repeals that statute. can not be accepted as an excuse for the violation of any law, espe­ Mr. Pl·esident, I did not expect to say this much, and would not cially by a civil officer. I do not know that I shall even make have done so if the honorable Senator had not asked questions any" especially" about it-I shall say by anybody. And in the which indicate that, in his opinion, I was presenting a very out­ second place, that if the law as it stood was such as to work hard­ rageous proposition here in contending that this thing ought not ship to the commerce of the country, it was perfectly competent, to have been done. In my opinion, it ought not to have been even if Congress were not in session, to bring it in session, while done~ but unfortunately we have gotten accustomed to the viola­ in this particular case the fact is Congress was in session so im­ tion of law. mediately thereafter that the intervening time was inconsiderable. In the last Congress we ca.lled attention to the fact that the law Mr. HOAR. May I ask the Senator to make that statement was being violated down in Cuba. Sections of these statutes with a little more amplitude? What was the precise thing which were read, saying peremptorily and without qualification that an the Senator notified gentlemen on this side of the Chamber that all officer of the United States Army should only receive a certain the Senators on the other side of the Chamber were willing to do? amount of money_.:.that is prescribed in the statute-and that he Mr. BACON. The Senator makes the statement a little more should have no other from any other source. But the fact was broadly than I did. disclosed here that dowrl in Cuba, and with the knowledge and lrir. HOAR. Perhaps the Senator-will make it exact. consent and approval of those in power, that law was being vio­ Mr. BACON. I ·.will make it again with pleasure. I said I lated, and some officers on duty ther~ were receiving double pay. presumed I could state, without impropriety, that the communi­ Mr. President, if I should stop here to enumerate all the cases cation had been made by Senators on this side of the Chamber in which I think law has been violated, and if other Senators here to Senators on the other side, that after consultation-not with should endeavor to narrate the instances in which they: think the all the Senators, as the Senator from Massachusetts suggests, but law has been violated, we would find use for very much more with a nmnber of Senators on this side-there had been a general time than I expect to consume to-day. agreement that if the Senators in charge of legislation desired to There has been no necessity for any stoppage of the commerce have a joint resolution put through promptly and without debate, of the United States on account of the decision of the Supreme conferring upon vessels not under the American registry the Court, certainly far any material length of time. If there had power and right and privilege of trading with the Philippine been such necessity that would have been no excuse for the viola­ Islands, it could be done. tion of law. If it was a matter of sufficient importance to Now, Mr. President, I did not expect to go into this matter at require that the law should be changed, even if Congress were the present time! because really I feel reluctance in taking part not in session, the President of the United States had the power so early in anything connected with this debate, but the single to call it in session. But it so happened in this case that this de­ suggestion on the part of the distinguished junior Senator from cision was pronounced immediately preceding the convening of Massachusetts looking to the nece sity for any immediate urgent Congress, and there has never been a day from the first day that action in the conside1·ation and passage of this bill is this par­ Congress met until this good h

.• the Senator is diligent in looking after all such things. It is who I know know a good deal about the Philippine Islands~ffi­ simply an illustration of the enormity of the proposition that we cers who are now in this country-but the typewritten report of should be rushed into the consideration of th.is bill. the Commission was in this country for two months and was Mr. HANSBROUGH. Will the Senator from Georgia allow me? never printed and generally distributed to Congress. Mr. BACON. Certainly. · Now, I do protest, Mr. President, that this hot haste. this whip Mr. HANSBROUGH. I desire to say to the Senator from and spur, this utter denial of the opportunity of Senators to in­ Georgia that I obtained from the document room over a week form themselves through the legitimate avenues of information, ago a copy of the document to which he refers. is not according to the usages of the Senate. Mr. BACON. Well, the Senator from North Dakota, being one Mr. President, I did not rise for the purpose of such extended of the elect, on the inside, probably had information that those remarks. I have been led into them largely by the questions of us not so fortunate were denied. I was on the point this morn­ which Senators have propounded to me. I rose simply to protest ing of going to the distinguished junior Senator from Massa­ that no department officer has the right to violate law upon the chusetts and asking him where we could get it. If it was here ground that he may think that the emergency exists, and that in before, I did not know it. this case the emergency did not exist, because Congress met im­ Mr. LODGE. It has been here a good while, I will say to the mediately after the decision of the Supreme Court, and there never Senator. He had but to ask for it. That is what I did. was a day when a joint resolution could not have been passed Mr. BACON. Is that the way legislation is done here? Is not which would have relieved the necessity for any such violation each table here every day covered with reports that relate to legis­ of law, or any need for it, for there never was any neces ity. lation? Are they not distributed around? Are we to imagine Mr. STEWART. Mr. :!;>resident, the position of the Senator and conjecture and divine that such papers exist? from Georgia that the consequences of the construction of any But, Mr. President, here is a remarkable proposition. Here is statute or any constitution shall not be taken into consideration the Philippine tariff bill, which enacts bodily, simply by refer­ to influence that construction is in contravention of the history ence, another tariff bill, and says it shall be the law. It is a de­ of the jurisprudence of England and America. tailed tariff bill as to imports and exports into and from the Phil­ Mr. BACON. And the Senator from Georgia has not said any ippine Islands. It is not set out in the pending bill~ and I repeat suc.h thing. that not only myself, but such a diligent Senator as the Senator Mr. STEWART. I decline to be interrupted. from Colorado did not know there was such a thing in existence, Mr. BACON. All right. and it was printed and this morning for the first time has been Mr. STEWART. I return the compliment. laid upon our desks. Mr. BACON. I accept it. Mr. TELLER. The report was printed only yesterday. Mr. STEWART. The Senator from Georgia yielded to every­ Mr. BACON. I suppose there must be still further advantages body but me, and now he proposes to interrupt me. which the Senator from North Dakota enjoys, .and that there is a Mr. BACON. I beg the Senator's pardon. He will allow me special edition printed for the elect, which is denied to the bal­ to interrupt him to that extent. ance of us. Mr. STEWART. I do no.t want any pardon. [Laughter.] Mr. TELLER. May I say a word? Take the English constitution. Every student of that constitu­ Mr. BACON. Certainly. tion and of English law knows that the English reports abound in Mr. TELLER. I have on my desk this morning the annual decisions in which the courts have held that Parliament could not reports of the War Department for the fiscal year ending June have intended such a construction, because it would be injurious 30, 1901; report of the Philippine Commission, in two parts; to or destructive of the rights of the people. part 1. What I was talking about is the report which accom­ In view of what the Supreme Court has done under graver cir­ panies Calendar No. 200, which was published yesterday. To-day cumstances it seems extraordinary that a point should be made on is the 21st. It contains the Philippine tariff. Now, I say that the Department for allowing commerce to go on after the decision has not been laid on my table, and I was not aware that there was of the Supreme Court, and that commerce was not broken up­ such a document. commerce which has harmed nobody and which has done great Mr. LODGE. The Philippine tariff was published in full in good. the House report last December, and anybody could have it for For eighteen years the miners of the West made their own laws, the asking. I imagine it wa-s laid on every desk. The House rules, and regulations for the government of their mining claims published it in full over a month ago. and for the government of mines, and the courts enforced them. Mr. TELLER. I will say to the Senator from Massachusetts There was no other title but the title of possession. The statute that it was not laid on my desk, and it was not laid on the desks denounced the possessors as trespassers. They were criminals of those who sit near me. under a literal construction of the statute. The case came before Mr. LODGE. A matter that is a House docm::D.ent certainly the Supreme Court of the United States, and is found in 3d Wal­ can not be said to be concealed. lace. Mr. O'Connor was on one side and I happened to be on the Mr. BACON. Mr. President, there is another remarkable fact other. I did not make any argument;but I stated the facts. At which happens to be within my personal knowledge. I have that time a million and a half people were holding property in ex­ alluded to the fact that the appeal which has been made by Sena­ press violation of the statute. Mr. 0 Connor made a similar tors, that before we go into this legislation we should have such speech-that everybody had to obey the law; that they were all information as Governor Taft could give us, has been denied to trespassers; that they could have no rights. us, and that Senators insist that we shall proceed in the absence It required a thousand dollars at that time to give the Supreme of that information which we are entitled to have from the gov­ Court jurisdiction of the ca-se, and he contended that those people ernor. But there is a more remarkable fact, ;:md one within my could have no property rights, as they were trespassers. personal knowledge. There was a good deal of excitement over it. The Supreme How many Senators here have tried to get the full report of the Court decided that those trespassers did have property rights, Taft Commission? From whom has it been obtained? Through notwithstanding the statute, notwithstanding that all their rights the courtesy of the junior Senator from Massachusetts, after hav­ were in violation of the statute. The court say in that case that ing inquired through all the document rooms and elsewhere, I they will not shut their eyes to the history of the country and do found that I could get a part of it from the War Department, a great outrageous wrong; that to declare that they had no rights and last week I sent there and got the first part. Then the distin­ after these great interests had been developed and States admit­ guished Senator from Massachusetts, after I had reported to him ted would be destructive. that I could get· only the first part. said I could get the second The decision of the courts of the United States and of Great part in his room; and, I should add at the same time, when I got Britain are full of cases where the courts look to the consequences the first part from the War Department, he also kindly sent me and would not commit a great wrong. There is in all history no another copy of the first part. · great judge whose name is revered, whose opinions do not dwell But the remarkable fact to which I wish to call attention is as much upon the consequences of the construction and the conse­ this: Of all things that both Senate and House were entitled to quences of the law as he lays it down as upon the statute. The before we should be called upon to consider anything in the way statute must yield to great emergencies. That has been the rule of legislation relative to the Philippine Islands was the report of of American and English jurisprudence from the beginning. the Taft Commission. Now. the fact I know is this, and I a-sk That is the way our law grows up. The great body of the law is the attention of the Senator from Massachusetts to it: I know it not made by statute, but it grows out of the circumstances and as a fact that the report of the Taft Commission came over in the necessity of cases; and the man who sticks in the bark and November, because I came across the Pacific on the ship with does not see the great equities of the case will never be heard of the man who had it and who brought it as a special messenger. as a judge or a statesman. It has been here two months. It could have been printed any It is trivial to talk about it being violation of law to let this day, and yet it has been withheld from us, and we are called upon coiD.Ip.erce proceed. It would have been a crime against the peo­ to 9nter upon this important legisla@on not only denied the oppor­ ple engaged in it for the Department to have taken advantage of tunity t.o examine Governor Taft and others whom I could name, this technical rule and to have stopped the commerce of that 1902. OONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SEN ATE 833 --··- . country. It would have been an outrage which no civilized peo­ CONFIRMATIONS. ple would have permitted. No administrative officer in our coun­ Executive nominations confirmed by t"fl,e Senate Jamw.!Y 21,1902. try or in Great Britain would have been guilty of such conduct. So I am astonished that any American Senator should contend ASSOCIA.TE JUSTICE. that it is the duty of judges in all cases to construe the law liter­ Fletcher M. Doan, of Arizona Territory, to be associate justice ally where it would work a great wrong. It never has been done of the supreme court of the Territory of Arizona. and never will be done where enlightened jurisprudence prevails. CIRCUIT JUDGES. Mr. LODGE. . A number of Senators desire an executive session. William K. Townsend, of Connecticut, to be United States cir­ Therefore I will not undertake-- cuit judge for the second judicial circuit. Mr. TELLER. Will the Senator allow me to say just a word? Francis E. Baker, of Indiana, to be United States cirouit judge Mr. LODGE. In a moment. I will not undertake to review the for the seventh judicial circuit. many grievances of ~he Senator from Georgia, but I think I can relieve his mind on one point. So long as he is in his present ad­ DISTRICT CORONER. mirable and vigorous health no bill to which he is opposed is going J. Ramsey Nevitt, of the District of Columbia, to be coroner to pass the Senate in hot haste. I shall move an executive session for the District of Columbia. when the Senator from Colorado has concluded. ~~ INSPECTOR. Mr. TELLER. I wish to say to the Senator from Massachu­ Charles F. Nesler, of Newark, N.J., to bean Indian inspector. setts that I have not been complaining at all of any secrecy in this matter. I have never seen this tariff. I did not know it had RECEIVER OF PUBLIC MONEYS. been printed by the House. When the Senator from Georgia was Isaiah T. Montgomery, of Mississippi, to be receiver of public complaining, I said this document had not yet been printed. I moneys at Jackson, Miss. heard the Senator yesterday present it. It has not been put on COLLECTORS OF CUSTOMS. my desk. I understand from the young man that it did not come James H. Cooper, of New York, to be collector of customs for down to the Senate Chamber until after we convened, and there­ the district of Oswego, in the State of New York. fore it was not distributed to all the desks. I was not entering C. Wesley Thomas, of Pennsylvania, to be collector of customs any complaint. for the district of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania. Mr. LODGE. I knew the Senator was not. UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS. Mr. TELLER. That is all I care to say now. Mack A. Montgomery, of Mississippi, to be United States at­ EXECUTIVE SESSION. torney for the northern district of Mississippi. 1\Ir. LODGE. I move that the Senate proceed to the consider- Charles A. Wilson, of Rhode Island, to be United States attor­ ation of executive business. · ney for the district of Rhode Island;- The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the con­ Thomas Lee Moore, of Virginia, to be United States attorney sideration of executive business. After one hour and fifteen min­ for the western district of Virginia. utes spent in executive session the doors were reopened, and (at David Patterson Dyer, of Missouri, to be United States attorney 5 o'clock and 50 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to­ for the eastern district of Missouri. morrow, Wednesday, January 22, 1902, at 12 o'clock m. MARSHALS. NOMINATIONS. B. F. Daniels, of Arizona, to be United States marshal for the Territory of Arizona. Executive nomination~ received by the Senate January 21, 1902. John E. Haggart, of North Dakota, to be United States marshal CONSULTING ENGINEER. for the district of North Dakota. W. W. Follett) of Colorado, to be consulting engineer of the B. H. Colbert, of the Indian Territory, to be United States mar­ United States on the International Boundary Commission pro­ shal for the southern district of the Indian Territory. vided for in the convention with Mexico of March 1, 1889, vice John Grant, of Texas, to be United States marshal for the east­ Paul D. Cunningham, deceased. ern district of Texas. PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY, PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. Cavalry A·rm. Lieut. (Junior Grade) Ernest L. Bennett, to be a lieutenant in First Lieut. Henry B. Dixon, Eighth Cavalry, to be captain, the Navy, from the 5th day of October, 1901. November 12, 1901, vice Powell, Ninth Cavalry, retired from ac- Lieut. (Junior Grade) William P. Scott, to be a lieutenant in tive service. . . the Navy from the 9th day of October, 1901. First Lieut. George B. Pritchard,jr.,Ninth Cavalry, to be cap­ Lieut. (Junior Grade) Joseph l\1. Reeves, to be a lieutenant in tain, December 6, 1901, vice Gale, Fifth Cavalry, promoted. the Navy, from the 9th day of October, 1901. First Lieut. Alvord Van P. Anderson, Sixth Cavalry, to be cap­ Lieut. (Junior Grade) Roscoe C. Moody, to be a lieutenant in tain, December 9, 1901, vice Pitcher, First Cavalry, promoted. the Navy from the 9th day of October, 1901. First Lieut. Herman A. Sievert, Fourth Cavalry, to be captain, Lieut. (Junior Grade) Leland F. James, to be a lieutenant in January 17, 1902, vice Humphrey, Ninth Cavalry, retired from the Navy, from the 26th day of October, 1901. active service. Lieut. (Junior Grade) Lewis B. Jones, to be a lieutenant in the CHIEF OF BUREAU OF MEDICINE .AND SURGERY. Navy, from the 28th day of September, 1901. Medical Inspector Presley M. Rixey, United States Navy, to be Asst. Naval Constructor Horatio G. Gillmor, to be a naval con~ Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery in the Department structor in the Navy, from the 1st day of July, 1901. of the Navy with the rank of rear-admiral Asst. Naval Constructor Henry G. Smith, to be a naval con­ st111ctor in the Navy, from the 1st day of July, 1901. PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. Assistant Naval Constructor Richard M. Watt, to be a naval Commander Albert R. Couden, to be a captain in theNavy, from constructor in the Navy, from: the 1st day of July, 1901. the 15th day of January, H)02, vice Capt. Louis J. Allen, retired. Lieut. Commander Carlos G. Calkins, to be a commander in the APPOINTMENT IN THE NAVY. Navy, from the 15th day of January, 1902, vice Commander Al- Mr. CharlesM. Oman, a citizen of Pennsylvania, to be an assist­ bert R. Couden, promoted. · · ant surgeon in the Navy, from the 18th day of December, 1901. Corpl. Alonzo C. Baker, United States Marine Corps, to be a APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. second lieutenant in the Marine Corps, to fill a vacancy existing Artillery Corps. in that Corps. SURVEYOR-GENERAL. · Nathan Jordan Shelton, at large, late second lieutenant, Thirty­ ninth Infantry, United States Volunteers, to be second lieuten­ Morgan 0. Llewellyn, of Lascruces, N.Mex., to be surveyor­ ant, August 1, 1901. general of New Mexico, vice Quinby Vance, term expired. Samuel Creed Cardwell, of Kentucky, late sergeant, Company RECEIVER OF PUBLIC MONEYS. L, Fourth Kentucky Volunteers, to be second lieutenant, August Henry D. Bowman, of New Mexico, to be receiver of public 1, 1901. moneys at Lascruces, N.Mex., his term having expired. (Re­ Lewis Foerster, at large, late first lieuten::tnt, Eleventh Cavalry, appointm,ent.) United States Volunteers. REGISTERS OF LAND OFFICES. Nathan P. Batchelder, of California, late captain and assistant Manuel R. Otero, of New Mexico, to be register of the land office quartermaster, United States Volunteers. at SantaFe,N. Mex., his term having expired. (Reappointment.) Rev. Joseph Clemens, of Pennsylvania, to be a chaplain in the Howard Leland, of New Mexico, to be register of the land office Army, from February 2, 1901. at Roswell, N.Mex., his term having expired. (Reappointment.) POSTMASTERS. Nicholas Galles, of Hillsboro, N.Mex., to be register of the land Lewis M. Moore, to be postmaster at Greenwood, in the county office at Lascruces, N. 1\Iex., vice Emil Solignac, resigned. of Greenwood and State of South Carolina. XXXV-53 834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. JANUARY 21,

Alice Pardue, to be postmaster at Sheffield, in the county of Charles H. Putnam, to be postmaster at Deposit, in the county Colbert and State of .Alabama. of Broome and State of New York. Henry P. Farrow, to be postmaster at Gainesville, in the county David M. Anderson, to be postmaster at Gloucester City, in the of Hall and State of Georgia. county of Camden and State of New Jersey. Orville T. Putnam, to be postmaster at Langdon (late Path­ Frederick G. Shafer, to be postmaster at Cape Vincent, in the finder), in the county of Washington and District of Columbia. county of Jefferson and State of New York. Frank W. Swanton, to be postmaster at Nome, in the Territory R. Burchard Hults, to be postmaster at Port Washington, in of .Alaska. the county of Nassau and State of New York. Kate Tuttle, to be postmaster at Safford, in the county of Gra­ Stephen D. Boyce, to be postmaster at Port Jervis, in the county ham and Territory of Arizona. of Orange and State of New York. George McClellan Allison, to be postmaster at Globe, in the Frank J. Enz, to be postmaster at Ithaca, in the county of county of Gila and Territory of Arizona. Tompkins and State of New York. Ed F. Winn, to be postmaster at Idaho Falls, in the county of Clara Doughty, to be postmas_ter at Garden City, in the county Bingham and State of Idaho. of Nassau and State of New York. David L. Moomaw, to be postmaster at Baker City, in the county John D. Nicholson, to be postmaster at Elizabethtown, in the of Baker and State of Oregon. county of Essex and State of New York. Thomas W. Riches, to bepostmaste1· at Silverton, in the county John J . Mahoney, to be postmaster at Willard, in the county of of Marion and State of Oregon. Seneca and State ofNew York. James A. White, to be postmaster at Murphysboro, in the county John C. Davis, to be postmaster at Saugerties, in the county of of Jackson and State of Illinois. Ulster and State of New York. William H. Kraper, to be postmaster at Metropolis (late Metrop­ John-F . Wilkin, to be postmaster at Montgomery, in the county olis City) , in the county of Massac and State of Illinois. of Orange and State of New York. Arthur Merrill, to be postmaster at A von, in the county of Ful­ Robert W. Hopkins, to be postmaster at .Albuquerque, in the ton and State of Illinois. county of Bernalillo and Tenitory of New Mexico. William H. Heald, to be postmaster at Wilmington, in the John N. Bayless, to be postmaster at Sapulpa, in the Creek Na­ county of Newcastle and State of Delaware. tion and Indian Territory. George C. Burns, to be postmaster at Montrose, in the county Art Asbell, to be postmaster at Checotah, in the Creek Nation of Susquehanna and State of Pennsylvania. . and Indian Territory. James R. Smith, to be postmaster at Taylorville, in the county George B. Roderick, to be postmaster at Holdenville, Creek of Christian and State of Illinois. Nation, Indian Territory. William H. Baker, to be postmaster at Ridgway, in the county Benjamin L. Robertson, to be postmaster at Purcell, Chicka­ of Elk and State of Pennsylvania. saw Nation, Indian Territory. George E. Smith, to be postmaster at Laurel, in the county of John R. Guyer, to be postmaster at Clayton, in the county of Sussex and State of Delaware. Union and Territory of New Mexico. Thomas L. Mason, to be postmaster at Clayton, in the county Stephen J . Rich, to be postmaster at East Providence, in the of Kent and State of Delaware. county of Providence and State of Rhode Island. William T. Lucas, to be postmaster at Lihue, Kauai Island, John C. Belt, to be postmaster at Eufaula, in the Creek Nation, Hawaii. Indian Territory. . J. Frank Reybold, to be postmaster at Delaware City, in the Elmer S. Bessey, to be postmaster at Claremore, in the Chero­ county of Newcastle and State of Delaware. kee Nation, Indian Territory. Warren F. Simrell, to be postmaster at Hallstead,in the county William Pugh, to be postmaster at Evanston, in the county of of Susquehanna and State of Pennsylvania. Vmta and State of Wyoming. Edward S. Hance, to be postmaster at Port Oram, in the county Moise Meunier, to be postmaster at Arctic, in the county of of Morris and State of New Jersey. Kent and State of Rhode Island. George L. Clarke, to be postmaster at Morristown, in the county Clinton D. Sellew, to be postmaster at Providence, in the county of Morris and State of New Jersey. of Providence and State of Rhode Island. Vetle A. Vetlesen, to be postmaster at Wailuku, Maui Islimd, Henry P. Kraus, to be postmaster at Reno, in the county of Hawaii. Washoe and State of Nevada. John Thompson, to be postmaster at Woodbridge, in the county Almon K. Goodwin, to be postmaster at Pawtucket, in the of Middlesex and State of New Jersey. county of Providence and State of Rhode Island. Herbert C. VanArsdale, to be postmaster at Spring Lake Beach, Dwight M. Thayer, to be postmaster at Rock Springs, in the in the county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. county of Sweetwater and State of Wyoming. Edward C. Tuttle, to be postmaster at Sussex (late Deckertown), Ezekiel A. Sample, to be postmaster at Fredericktown, in the in the county of Sus ex and State of New Jersey. • county of Madison and State of Missouri. William H. Larison, to be postmaster at Madison, in the county Horace .E. Christmas, to be postmaster at Kemmerer, in the of Mon'is and State of New Jersey. county of Uinta and State of Wyoming. John T. Lovett, to be postmaster at Little Silver, in the county Perry L. Smith, to be postmaster at Rawlins, in the county of of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. . Carbon and State of Wyoming. Robinson J . M. Chase, to be postmaster at Nutley, in the county H. B. Gilstrap, to be postmaster at Chandler, in the county of of Essex and State of New Jersey. Lincoln and Territory of Oklahoma. William H. Hamilton, to be postmaster at Ocean Grove, in the Michael J. Mulvihill, to be postmaster at Vicksburg, in the county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. county of Warren and State of Mississippi. John L. Derby, to be postmaster at Cranford, in the county of Mrs. N annie S. Neilson, to be postmaster at Greenville, in the Union and State of New Jersey. county of Washington and State of Mississippi. George M. MacDonald, to be postmaster at Springfield, in the Luzerne P. Harper, to be postmaster at Suffolk, in the county county of Union and State of New Jersey. of Nansemond and State of Virginia. Maurice B. Rudderow, to be postmaster at Merchantville, in the Mervain L. Thomas, to be postmaster at Pondcreek, in the county of Camden and State of New Jersey. county of Grant and Territory of Oklahoma. George Ripperger, to be postmaster at Long Island City, in the Oscar M. Lancaster, to be postmaster at Pawnee, in the county county of Queens and State of New York. of Pawnee and Territory of Oklahoma. Verner W. Forgie, to be postmaster at Belleville, in the county Christian N. Johnson, to be postmaster at Merrill, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey. of Lincoln and State of Wisconsin. Henry B. Whitney, to be postmaster at Phelps, in the county of Samuel S. Fifield, to be postmaster at Ashland, in the county of Ontario and State of New York. Ashland and State of Wisconsin. Melvin J. Stearns, to be postmaster at Massena, in the county James Craig, to be postmaster at Waynesboro, in the county of of St. LaWl·ence and State of New York. Augusta and State of Virginia. George W. Heath, to be postmaster at Bloomfield, in the county Alfred W. Trevitt, to be a postmaster at Wausau, in the county of E sex and State of New Jersey. of Marathon and State-of Wisconsin. Theodore Elixman, to be postmaster at Corinth, in the county George Graham, to be postmaster at Tomah, in the county of of Saratoga and State of New York. - Monroe and State of Wisconsin. ' James C. McCarty, to be postmaster at Rhinebeck, in the county Benjamin R. Evans, to be postmaster at Phillips, in the county of Dutchess and State of New York. of Price and State of Wisconsin. Richard W. Box, to be postmaster at Pulaski, in the county of James W. Hughes, to be postmaster at Birmingham, in the Oawego and State of New York. county of Jefferson and State of Alabama. Samuel D. Willard, to be postmaster at Geneva, in the county Kate C. Warner, to be postmaster at Dayton, in the county of of Ontario and State of New York. Webster and State of Iowa. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 835

Charles A. Warner, to be postmaster at Geneva, in the cotmty Jasper L. Rewey, to be postmaster at Wisner, in the county of of Fillmore and State of Nebraska. Cuming and State of Nebraska. Horatio E. Smith, to be postmaster at Dows, in the county of Richard C. Perkins, to be postmaster at St. Paul, in the county Wright and State of Iowa. of Howard and State of Nebraska. Homer H. Grafton, to be postmaster at Manitou, in the county Charles Wille, to be postmaster at Neligh, in the county of An­ of El Paso and State of Colorado. telope and State of Nebraska. BroughP. Quaintance, to be postmaster at Golden, in the county John N. Davis, to be postmaster at Woodstock, in the county of of Jefferson and State of Colorado. Shenandoah and State of Virginia. James L. Berry, to be postmaster at Humeston, in the county William T. Miller, to be postmaster at Shenandoah, in the of Wayne and State of Iowa. . county of Page and State of Virginia. Joseph Mallison, to be postmaster at Fonda, in the county of Rarry S. Oliver, to be postmaster at Lisbon, in the county of Pocahontas and State of Iowa. Ransom and State of North Dakota. L. H. Mayne, to be postmaster at Emmetsburg, in the county Daniel V. Sevier, jr., to be postmaster at Russellville, in the of Palo Alto and State of Iowa. county of Franklin and State of Alabama. John Ledgerwood, to be postmaster at Leon, in the county of Oscar F. Nowlan, to be postmaster at Janesville, in the county Decatur and State of Iowa. of Rock and State of Wisconsin. Luther Conklin, to be postmaster at Kingsley, in the county of Chalmers Ingersoll, to be postmaster at Beloit, in the county of Plymouth and State of Iowa. Rock and State of Wisconsin. Gerald L. Whinery, to be postmaster at Iowa Falls, in the George W. Dafoe, to be postmaster at Brown City, in the county of Hardin and State of Iowa. county of Sanilac and State of Michigan. J. C. Stewart, to be postmaster at Sheldon, in the county of Lewis Gifford, to be postmaster at Davison, in the county of O'Brien and State of Iowa. Genesee and State of Michigan. James H. Morrison, to be postmaster at Seymour, in the county Walter D. Sharp, to be postmaster at Litchfield, in the county of Wayne and State of Iowa. of Hillsdale and State of Michigan. . Francis A. Lewis, to be postmaster at Marcus, in the county of James M. Cubbison, to be postmaster at Minnewaukan, in the Cherokee and State of Iowa. county of Benson and State of North Dakota. John Ballentine, to be postmaster at Bad Axe, in the county of Frederick Johnson to be postmaster at Leeds, in the county of Huron and State of Michigan. Benson and State of North Dakota. William H. Tyrrell, to be postmaster at Waverly, in the county Charles H. Snider, to be postmaster at Tilden, in the county of of Bremer and State of Iowa. Madison and State of Nebraska. Thomas Walpole, to be postmaster at Storm Lake, in the county R. G. Dalton, to be postmaster at La Junta, in the county of of Buena Vista and State of Iowa. Otero and State of Colorado. • John R. Johnson, to be postmaster at East Grand Forks, in the Hansford Anderson, to be postmaster at Westpoint, in the county of Polk and State of Minnesota. county of King William and State of ViTginia. Edwin D. Holmes, to be postmaster at Detroit City, in the Gilbert Helgeland, to be postmaster at Towner, in the county county of Becker and State of Minnesota. of McHenry and State of North Dakota. James V. Campbell to be postmaster at Ada, in the county of Mark G. Woodruff, to be postmaster at Amethyst, in the Norman and State of Minnesota. county of Mineral and State of Colorado. Alexander N. Thomas, to be postmaster at Aurora, in the Oliver Hinman, to be postmaster at Ellensburg, in the county county of Hamilton and State of Nebraska. of Kittitas and State of Washington. Charles C. Eastman, to be postmaster at Wadena, in the county Frederick A. McVicar, to be postm:tster at Grand Rapids, in of Wadena and State of Minnesota. the county of Itasca and State of Minnesota. W. M. Fuller, to be postmaster at Little Falls, in the county John W. Hance, to be postmaster at Mount Pleasant, in the of Morrison and State of Minnesota. county of Isabella and State of Michigan. John F. Reid, to be postmaster at Elk Point, in the county of Frederick J. Meech, to be postmaster at Charlevoix, in the Union and State of South Dakota. county of Charlevoix and State of Michigan. William C. Douglass, to be postmaster at Alva, in the county Joseph E. Humphrey, to be postmaster at Nickerson, in the of Woods and Territory of Oklahoma. county of Reno and State of KallEas. . Tillie C. Buckley, to be postmaster at Stromsburg, in the county John Reich, to be postmaster at Scotland, in the county of of Polk and State of Nebraska. Bonhomme and State of South Dakota. John B. Kimberly, to be postmaster at Fortress Monroe, in the Frank L. Mease, to be postmaster at Madison, in the county of county of Elizabeth City and State of Virginia. Lake and State of South Dakota. Joseph W. Waddy, to be postmaster at Buena Vista, in the Aaron R. Wheeler, to be postmaster at St. Louis, in the county county of Rockbridge and State of Virginia. of Gratiot and State of Michigan. John A. Stanley, to be postmaster at Hot Springs, in the county Harold A. Foster, to be po tmaster at North Brookfield, in the of Fall River and State of South Dakota. county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts. Jay M. Jackson, to be postmaster at Lorimor, in the county of W. L. Erwin, to be postmaste1· at Harpers Ferry, in the county Union and State of Iowa. ' of Jefferson and State of West Virginia. Emilus S. Goodell, to be postmaster at Viroqua, in the county John C. McMillan, to be postmaster at Sturgis, in the county of Vernon and State of Wisconsin. of Meade and State of South Dakota. Thomas W. Carter, to be postmaster at Orange, in the county of Orange and State of Virginia. Joseph L. Skipper, to be postmaster at Lakeland, in the county of Polk and State of Florida. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Gerard B. Reynolds, to be postmaster at Tampa, in the county of Hillsboro-and State of Florida. , TUESDAY, January 21, 1902. David H. Barrows, to be postmaster at Armada, in the county The House met at 12 o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. of Macomb and State of Michigan. HEmtYN. COUDEN, D. D. Harvey Ingham, to be postmaster at Algona, in the county of The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. Kossuth and State of Iowa. URGENT DEFICIENCY BILL. Jer?me E. Poche, to bepos~asterat Washington, in the county of Wilkes and State of Georg1a. Mr. CANNON. I move that the House resolve itself into Com­ Edward D. Smythe to be postmaster at Augusta, in the county mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the further of Richmond and State of Georgia. consideration of House bill 9315, the urgent deficiency bill. Benjamin B. Gorman, to be postmaster at Coldwater, in the The motion was ag1·eed to. county of Branch and State of Michigan. The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Frank L. Irwin, to be postmaster at Albion, in the county of Whole (Mr. SHERMAN in the chair) and resumed the consider­ Calhoun and State of Michigan. ation of the bill (H. R. 9315) making appropriations to supply Thomas D. Long, to be postmaster at :M:anson, in the county of uTgent deficiencies in the appropriations for the fiscal year end­ Calhoun and State of Iowa. ing June 30, 1902, and for prior years, and for other purposes. R. W. Montgomery, to be postmaster at Alliance, in the county Mr. SIBLEY Mr. Chairman, whoever has made even the most of Boxbutte and State of Nebraska. cursory survey of the magnitude of our arid lands, or has witnessed Francis E. Marsh, jr., to be postmaster at Quincy, in the county practical tests C?f ~heir irrig~tion, realizes t;o some extent their won­ of Branch and State of Michigan. derful productiVIty and ultimate econonnc value. No citizen of Seymour Foster, to be postmaster at Lansing, in the county of the Republic who glories in her past or looks forward with faith to Ingham and State of Michigan. her more resplendent future, when multiplied millions shall find 836 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. · JANUARY 21, ·

homes of prosperity and peace within her borders, denies the end­ of government it was drowned in the babel and din of noise of less train of blessings which must follow a comprehensive and others, who loudly clamored for advantage. To the wide world wise system of irrigation of our arid lands which shall cause them went the message which you and I heard sung by the schoo1 chil­ to abound with fruits of corn, of vine, and of olives. Practical dren thirty-five years or more ago, "Uncle Sam is rich enough. tests have demonstrated that in richness and productivity they to give us all a farm." will rival the most favored lands of ancient Egypt. Whether he was rich enough or not he did so, and this, along I have traveled over that portion of the country which when a with other contributing causes, well understood by the student of boy at school was designated upon the map of my geography as political economy, which causes are now happily removed, lessened "the Great American Desert," and upon that desert have found year by year the prices of his products and the value of his pos­ populous towns and homes of contentment and prosperity situated sessions. If it were to be announced to-morrow that the Govern­ in the nndst of acres of cultivated land, producing the highest ment would give each man in the nation a well-stocked grocery quality of the fruits of the tree, the vine, and the field. Hardly or a well-equipped tannery for making leather, or a factory for· an acre of that great desert, upon which it is impossible to convey making shoes, what a chorus of protests would arise from every water through irrigating ditches, but has a wealth of harvests in grocer, every tanner, and every shoemaker in America. its bosom for gladdening the generations yet unborn. One acre Yet in effect this was precisely what happened to the American of this arid land under irrigation is capable of producing as much farmer. Go through New England and see the deserted farms. as 6 acres of average land in the States of the rich Middle West. Within the sound of the statehouse bell in the capital city of New Under a comprehensive system of irrigation the arid lands of the Hampshire I have seen houses better than the average American • United States are capable, in my judgment, of feeding a much farmhouse, where once lived those who tilled the soil and reaped larger population than to-day dwells within our national borders. the fruits of the field; found capadous barns which once bulged Realizing, as everyone must, the capabilities of these desert with harvests so surrounded with underbrush, growing up to lands, the wealth which they shall yield our populace, realizing, their eaves, that 50 feet distant one would not suspect there might as all must, the obligations which will rest upon the nation to have been a farmhouse in the township. Hundreds of millions of develop upon a stupendous scale the storage of the waters for their acres of land were opened up in competition with these lands, and fructification, nevertheless it seems to me that this is a question the tale of those farmers was told. to absorb the attention and enlist the energies of another and You now propose to open up in advance of demand hundreds of later generation; and that every member of this House repre­ millions of acres more to place in competition against the over­ senting wholly or in part an agricultural constituency should by burdened farmer. Give the farmer and farmer's boy some oppor­ every honorable method at his command oppose any measure tunity to share in the general prosperity now enjoyed by the peo­ which involves in the near future the expenditure of untold mil­ ple. Theirs is the most ancient and honorable of all callings. lions of money, to be taken in the form of taxation from all, for Comprising nearly one-half of our population, they cost the nation the accomplishment of a project not demanded by the needs of but a tithe to govern. They do not fill our jails and prisons, and the present age, and whose bep.efits can be enjoyed by but a we propose, through the defeat of this measure, to insure that favored few. they shall not fill our almshouses. So long as we have a large We are the trustees, the guardians, of the children yet unborn, exportable surplus of agricultural products, let the farmer meet, whose heritage we may not squander, and whose lands we may as others must, private, but not governmental, competition. He not alienate. As a sacred trust for those who follow us, we asks few favors, but is entitled to some rights, and in his person should so act that such lands as are still reserved by the Govern­ and in his property may justly claim that equal consideration ac­ ment should not become the spoil of the speculator or minister to corded to all other classes of society. For twenty-five years the the schemes of the adventurous town-site boomer. farmers have been in the valley of humiliation, and have but just There are other reasons which come to me why it is a plain commenced to climb the hills on the other side. Their faces have duty to oppose this measure, reasons formed, perhaps, upon a just begun to kindle with hope of the brighter day now dawning. narrower, a lower, and a more selfish plane, and yet sufficiently As advocates of the protective tariff we have prea.ched the cogent to prompt my earnest efforts to defeat any measure looking glories of the home market. This was true doctrine. So now, to the present undertaking in the effort of this reclamation. when the industrial development of the nation grows by leaps and The farmer who thirty years ago was of all Americans the botmds, until with our increased population twenty-five years most independent sovereign has during the last generation wit­ from to-day we will no longer be exporters of breadstuffs, but nessed a decline in the value of his farm lands equivalent in the rather consumers; now, when all other classes are basking in the Eastern, Middle, and Southern States to at least 50 per cent, with sunshine of prosperity, let us give the farmers who alt·eady have a corresponding decline in the value of all the products of his farms a chance to pay off their mortgages and to improve the old skill. He labors on his farm sixteen hours a day, and hardly un­ homestead, hallowed with a thousand sacred memories. What derstands why we legislate for an eight-hour day, with four weeks' justification can we urge to those farmers who already bear so vacation and four weeks' sick leave each year with pay, for all great a burden of taxation when we invite still further competi­ engaged in the Government service, and yet seldom propose legis­ tion against them and compel them to pay their proportionate lation which will lighten his burdens in life or add to the sum of burden of the cost of inaugurating that competition? his happiness. Let us wait until the price of the products of his skill, the fruits When some measure is pending directly for his protection from of his labor, are fixed by the demands of the' home rather than a frauds and counterfeits upon his products, such as the oleomar­ foreign market. Let us wait until the whole product shall deter­ garine bill, his friends must move heaven and earth in his behalf mine the price of the fruits of his toil rather than that their value or go down to defeat. He has been the hewer of wood and drawer be determined by the surplus of those products. Let us wait un.:. of water for his brethren, and with all his labors too often looks til our increased population shall so expand that these lands shall in vain for his just portion of what he has added to the general be needed to meet the demand for a greater food sup:ply. Let a storehouse. For twenty-five years he has seen, almost uninter­ later generation perform this labor and the burden of cost bear ruptedly, a decline year by year in the value of the old homestead, upon the shoulders of those who shall receive the blessing. Let and year by year a decline in the value of the things grown upon this great work be done, when it is done, not as a menace to the his farm. · welfare of any, but let it be so timed that when these great canals Unrequited effort has chilled his hopes and caused him to are dug; when the last reservoir is finished and the capstone is set dread that Markham's "Man with the hoe" may be the dismal in its place, all men with universal shout and glad acclaim shall future from which he can not escape. During the last four years, bid it hearty welcome. for the first time in a generation, he has had the relaxation neces­ Hold these lands for the actual settlers, your children and mine,' sary for him to unbend his back and look about him with some­ Hold them for that generation whose trustees we are. Hold them what of his old-time cheerfulness . . For the first time in twenty­ until a quarter of a century hence 150,000,000 of people shall share five years he finds substantial recompense for his toil and some the cost of the work they then need, rather than that 75,000,000 release from his drudgery. For the first time in a quarter of a shall be taxed for work more wisely done twenty, thirty, or fifty century, having paid off in whole or in part the mortgage upon years later. his farm, he looks again with hope and faith toward the future. Mr. NEWL.ANDS. Will the gentleman permit an interrup- He has seen a great Government give to every citizen who would tion? · enter the lists of competition against him a farm of 160 acres of Mr. SIBLEY. I should prefer to close my remarks. the richest land the sun ever shone upon. Mr. NEWL.ANDS. Just a question. He has seen under that competition his broad acres pinch and Mr. SIBLEY. Yes. narrow and the comforts of his fireside diminish. He has seen Mr. NEWLANDS. The gentleman is a Representative of the competition in his calling so stimulated that the low-priced sur­ great State of Pennsylvania, one of the thirteen original States. plus of products of agriculture has determined the value of the Those States at the very commencement of our Government were entire p1·oduct. He has seen the mortgage slowly but surely eat­ in the possession of the great Northwest Territory, out of which ing up his farm and has voiced no protest, or voiced that protest five States were carved. I ask him what he would think of the in such faint and feeble tones that by the time it reached the seat wisdom of that generation if the people of his State had insisted 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 837

that the public lands of Ohio and the States of the great North­ remained for this session of the Honse of Representatives to pass west Territory should not be opened to entry? the first bill looking toward its immediate construction. Even Later on, the States having been increased to eighteen, we ac­ when this measure shall have run the gauntlet of hostility in the quired a vast territory by the great Louisiana purchase. I ask the Senate and shall have received Executive approval, ten years or gentleman what he would think of the wisdom of that generation more must elapse before the mingling of the waters of the two if they had refused to allow the public lands of Iowa, of Illinois, of great oceans. For the accomplishment of this mighty project the Missouri, of Michigan, of Wisconsin, of Minnesota, of Nebraska, shadow marks the point upon the dial which indicates that the of Kansas, the Dakotas, and all the other glorious States which time of its incubation has passed, and that the demand of the have grown up out of that purchase to be opened up for settlement? present houris not for discussion, but for action. The gentleman speaks of the competition that will now be in­ We can not doubt that the ripening and fruitage of irrigation volved in opening up the arid region, where only sixty or seventy­ will come in its own appointed time. You cite the recommenda­ five million acres of land are capable of ultimate reclamation in tions of the President. We agree with the President~ that the a period of fifty years, and when our population, already grown nation has a duty to perform, a task of stupendous magnitude to to 80,000,000 people, is pressing the line of settlement farther undertake. What citizen of the Republic but honors the Presi­ and farther to the West. I ask him what he would have thought dent, and rejoices that in the hour of our national crisis Provi­ of the small population of the few States of that period if, pur­ dence overruled the conspiracies hatched by the forces of evil suing the line of selfish interest suggested by the gentleman, they and gave us, ready to take the helm, one possessed of clearness of had declined to open up to settlement the millions and hundreds vision intensity of purpose, and dauntlessness in courage, to safely of millions of acres in the West, now constituting the most mag­ guide the great Ship of State to harbors of prosperity and peace, nificent and prosperous States of the Union? one whose mental powers and whose moral powers are compre­ Mr. SIBLEY. Mr. Chairman, I hardly know how to attempt hensive and limpid. In his message to the Congress he has given to answer the gentleman who is so well and properly recognized us, with thQ accuracy of the historian and the foresight of the as the Chesterfield of this House, because I think he has made a prophet, pictures of our present and visions of our more glorious very good speech from his side of the question, in the propound­ destiny. Those who quote him should read again, for to all ing of his interrogatory. I have no criticism to make of the wis­ truth seekers added wisdom will come from added investigation. dom of those who have preceded us. I have, however, deemed it He says: wise to make some argument upon and invite some inspection of It would be unwise to begin by doing too much, for a great deal will doubt­ the present measure. less be learned both as to what can and what can not be safely attempted. * * * A careful study should be made, both by the nation and by States, I would wait until the digging of these ditches, the completion of irrigation laws and conditions here and abroad. Ultimately it will proba­ of these reservoirs, and the erection of the last dam in its place bly be necessary for the nation to COO.Pera.te with the several arid States in would come not as a menace to any portion of this nation; but the proportion as these States by their legislation and administration show them­ completion of these canals, dams, and reservoirs shall be so timed selves fit to receive it. that every class and condition can, when the last capstone is set With the proper interpretation of his message I am in a~cord. in its place, bid it hearty welcome. I would wait until this work Let us make the most careful study at home and abroad of the is needed to meet the food supply of a later generation, instead of whole subject, and ultimately, after the most careful and scien­ asking 75,000,000 people to perform a task that is not demanded tific research; ultimately, after the most patient and exhaustive by the needs of the present age. Wait until a hundred and fifty study and consideration of plans; ultimately, when under the millions of people of another generation can join in the perform­ providence of God the reclamation and fructification of these ance of that work, and the cost of that burden bear upon the lands shall come as a blessing to all His children, and not as a shoulders of those who shall receive the benefits. threat to any of them, the vision of the desert blossoming as a Mr. NEWLANDS. May I ask the gentleman another question? rose shall be seen and hailed with satisfaction by all men. Mr. SIBLEY. My friend, if you want to ask a question I shall To my mind the present proposition for the immediate reclama­ be very glad to yield; but I shall not agree to yield to another tion of these arid lands is the pressing of the poisoned chalice to speech. the lips of the farming classes in this nation, which, if it kill Mr. NEWLANDS. I will ask a simple question. them not, will at least for another generation leave them in either Mr. SIBLEY. I will attempt to answer a question. torpor or misery. I am sure that no member of this body, no Mr. NEWLANDS. Do I understand the gentleman tosaythat man who loves his party, his fellow-men, or his country, would it is proposed in any irrigation scheme presented by the Western willingly inflict injury upon any class of citizenship, much less members that the cost of these irrigation works in the West shall upon that sturdy, industrious, honest, God-fearing class who live be imposed upon the General Treasury, or upon the general tax­ upon American farms and have contributed their more than loyal payers of the country? Is that the gentleman's position? share to our national progress and development. [Applause.] Mr. SIBLEY. That is a question whose answer is involved in Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, on yesterday I doubt. I do not know what you now propose or may propose in called attention to an item in this deficiency appropriation bill appropriating these millions; but when you legislate to give all that emphasizes a feature of the civil service of the Government the lands held by this great United States Government for the that stands greatly in need of reform. The item itself is unob­ a.ccomplishment of this purpose, I do not know what difference jectionable, as it provides only for the vacation properly due to a it would make whether you take $150,000,000 out of the vaults of very deserving and meritorious class of employees in the Govern­ the Treasury or keep $150,000,000 of money which might arise ment Printing Office, and who get no sick leave as do the clerks from a Government sale of land. and employees in the Executive Departments here. This appro­ Mr. NEWLANDS. Will the gentleman permit me to state priation of $60,000, made necessary to enable the employees there briefly what the objects are? to receive their proper vacation, is but the one-fifth part needed Mr. SIBLEY. I would reply to my friend from Nevada that I for the entire year for that purpose. On this subject the gentle­ have no doubt in the wide latitude allowed in the debate on this man from Illinois [Mr. CANNON] on yesterday said: bill he will have ample opportunity to express his views. The Mr. CANNON. The expense of paying leaves of absence to employees in the Government Printing Office, under the law gi~· them thirty days' gentleman has frequently spoken on the subject of irrigation and leave of absence with full pay, is, in round numbers, ,!XXJ a year. Now, made most eloquent presentations of its merits. I have always my friend asks whether any allowance is made for sic leave in addition. I listened with great pleasure to my friend from Nevada. He has understand not. exhausted about the entire stock of argument in favor of the And the gentleman from Tennessee said: project, so far as his side is concerned, on the floor of this House. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. No; there is no allowance for sick leave in I am not attempting on this occasion to make much of an argu­ the Governm~nt Printing Office. ment; but as the committee are considering a measure for the This is important now only as furnishing a basis for calculation irrigation of arid lands and propose to submit it to this body, I as to the amount it costs the Government for the "sick leave" of desire to advance my reasons in opposition to that scheme. thirty days with pay which is allowed under the law as it at As a farmer myself, as one who loves the soil, as one who tries present stands, and as to the necessity for the reform in the to keep in touch with the warm and honest hearts that have in service. this great country contributed so much to its industrial and I was pleased to note that the chairman of the Appropriations moral life, let me urge you before you cast your votes on such a Committee [Mr. CANNON] was of the opinion that the sick-leave measure to consider your obligations to them. Therefore, in ad­ privilege granted to the employees of the Government at Wash­ vance of the introduction of that measure to this body, I merely ington exclusively should be withdrawn. want to arrest the attention of those who represent agricultural I am pleased to quote his language of yesterday again, as he districts. answered a question proposed by me: We commenced to talk about the Nicaraguan Canal more than Mr. C.A..NNON. I will answer that question by saying that I do not believe fifty A half ad~tio~lleave for Government. employees s!:10nld be allowed, and the only years ago. century has rolled around since we nego­ legislation that ought to be had IS to give thirty days leave of absence with tiat-ed the Clayton-Bulwer treaty as the preliminary to this work. full pay and amend the law taking away the sick l~ve from employees who From that time to this successive Presidents in their messages to now have it. Congress have presented the value of that undertaking, but it has I have stood upon this floor many times under the leadership of 838 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

the gentleman from illinois. I have seen the members on this cacy of the repeal of the pending law there will be no difficulty side of the House, almost to a man, warmly espousing the cause in securing action upon it. You will then secure equal justice to of reform in expenditure by him advocated, and many times when the employees of the Government who are in the service outside he was but feebly supported on the other side, and I felicitate my­ of the city of Washington, and not make a discrimination in favor self that I am now to serve unde1· the leadership of the distin­ of those who are employed here. The rural free-delivery carriers guished gentleman in a reform that involves nearly $3,000,000 to are entitled to fifteen days' vacation-the First As istant Post­ the people and the taxpayers of our Government. master-General in his report recommends it-and all of the other The law on the subject of vacations and "sick leave" stands as employees outside of the Executive Departments are entitled to the follows: Thirty days vacation each year is given to the employees same; and I ask why this additional time should be given to the of the Executive Departments, in Washington only, with pay. In employees here which is not given to them? addition to that the thirty-d.ay annual "sick-leave,, privilege is The figures submitted by the Department in 1897, when this · granted with pay. Something like two years ago the employees question was under consideration, and brought to our attention in the Agricultural Department a ked, and fairly so, that they be by an appropriation b~ show that in Washington, as stated by granted fifteen days annual vacation, and this House in its wis­ the gentleman fl'Om Missouri [Mr. CLARK] on ye terday that a dom granted that to the .employees of that Department outside of tenure of office tended to produce great sickness without appre­ the city of Washington. ciably endangering a. long life. I ask, gentlemen, if that is not This House within a year in its wisdom has granted to the em­ an alarming condition of affairs. These employees are simply ployees of the ar enals fifteen days vacation with pay; it has encouraged in their sickness by the law as it stands. It takes to­ granted a like amount to the navy-yard employees of the Govern­ day a large and expensive machinery of the Government to keep ment in and outside of the city of Wa-shington. To-day the print­ track of illness in the various departments, including physicians, ers and employees of the printing department of Washington are to examine, and the keeping of records, and to keep track gener­ denied the thirty days' sick leave with pay, although they secure ally of the employees who are taking advantage of this privilege the thirty days' vacation. The "sick leave" is granted to the no allowed them under the law of " si-ck leave." Now, if they were more deserving employees of the Executive Departments in W a.sh­ cut off from this additional thirty days' "sick leave" allowed ington. ThiB special privilege of a "sick leave of thirty days them, the Government would save this amount of service, and I each year with pay" is nowhere else granted to any Government am satisfied that the service would be just as efficient as it is now, employees save in the departments in Washington. The gentle­ a~d less delay in the handling of the business of the departments. man said that it costs 300,000 annually to provide for the thirty­ You have given them a sufficient leave of absence for recupera­ day vacation leaves granted to the employees of the printing de­ tion and rest under all circumstan-ces that surround them, and if partment alone. There are something like 15,000 Government the other is withdrawn the Government will be enabled to extend employees who may avail themselves of this exclusively Washing­ to the employees outside of the city of Washington, as it should ton privilege, and so long as the law stands it may be counted on in justice d-o, not thirty days' but, as we ask, fifteen days' vaca­ with confidence that very many will avail themselves of its pro­ tion leave. visions. The careful and -conscientious Government employee will not Now, if the law must stand to grant them thirty days' leave of object to the amendment of the law in th~ interest of justice and absence with pay each year, and in addition to that thirty days' equality.

leave called "sick leave" with pay1 and as it was demonstrated Scores of them will delight in the withdrawal of this special by the tables of figures of the departments presented by the gen­ privilege from those who unnecessarily and unreasonably avail tleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. BINGH..A.M] in 1897, that nearly 50 themselves of it. per cent of the executive employees at Washington availed them­ If there are such as feel that they should have a law for their selves of this sick-leave privilege, and each of whom taking about special protection and emolument to the exclusion of others one-half the time allowed, we find that if it takes $300,000 to pro­ equally deserving, I think it will be those of whose services the vide vacation leave for the printing employees it will take some­ Government can well dispense and permit their places to be filled thing like $3,000,000 to provide the '' sick leave '' for the Executive by conscientious people, willing to aid their fellows in the service Department employees in Washington. - of the country to the extent of equal privileges of vacation and The gentleman from lllinois [)tfr. CANNON] said the national tax " sick leave." per capita of the people was not $12, as stated by the gentleman The unreasonableness of a demand for the retention of the from 1\fissouri [M.r. CLARK]; but the gentleman from lllinois did "sick leave,'' the reason for withdrawing it, is found in the safety not say what it was. In the last year it cost every man, and every and security of employment secm·ed by the civil-service laws, so woman, and every child, by taxation for national purposes, 10 per recently reenforced by the President, who demands a strict en­ capita. Here we have a. reform proposed, not radical, not drastic, forcement; it is found in the short hours of from seven to eight and not unjust. By taking away the "sick-leave" privilege, that worked each day; it is found in the reasonable and liberal pay the has been abused and too generally availed of in Washington by Government gives to the employees in the Executive Departments, the employees to whom it is accorded, we have a means of justly and if further reason is needed it is found in the justice due to -and properly saving money sufficient to add an item for a. just ap­ the Government and in economical a-dministration due to the propriation for fifteen days' vacation privileges to those Govern­ people. ment employees not thus benefited to~.day. Mr. Chairman, in behalf of justice to all of the employees of the Who is it that is benefited by the" sick-leave" privilege in the Government and in opposition to the special privileges granted to 15,000 executive-department employees in the city of Washing­ some in the Executive Departments here in Washington: in jus­ ton? Your constituents and mine who are employees of the Gov­ tice to the navy-yards of the country, to the arsenals, to the vari­ ernment outside of Washington are not accorded these privileges; ous employees who are denied this privilege in all parts of the but we find in the city of Washington, where the employees are country, I ask the Honse, and I ask the distinguished chairman near the members of Congre s, that they have this special privi­ of the great Committee on Appropriations to pass the bill which I lege-this uncalled-for privilege-of thirty days' sick leave at the introduced a. short time ago and which is heca verba the present great expense to the Treasury I have named before. law, omitting the "sick leave," which corrects this inequality In 1897 and 1898 on the executive, judicial, and legislative ap­ and endeavors to place all of the Go•ernment employees mea-sur­ propriation bill, an amendment was made to the law as it for­ ably upon an equal plane, no matter where they may be stationed merly existed. Theretofore they had been granted thirty days' or in what part of the country their services are needed. It is

vacation with pay1 and also thirty days' sick leave with pay, and time to take the matter in hand. in addition to that, in a meritorious case, thirty days' additional I stated the other day that we had a Treasury that was full to "sick leave" with pay, making in a year one-quarter of that time overflowing, but at the same time many enterprises demand appro­ of which they could avail themselves by claiming sick and vaca­ priations from it, and many of which should justly be provided tion leave with pay. for liberally by tbe General Government. With that condition of This is a time, I think, when the Appropriations Committee, affair prevailing, with the opportunity of retrenchment and bet­ under the able leader hip of its distinguished chairman, and his terment of the service, I ask that this Committee on Appropria­ equally distinguished colleague from Pennsylvania, General tions take action upon thi matter. BINGHAM, who advocated the other reform proposition that I hope the distinguished chairman of the committee-and he pas ed the House in 1897 and 1898, should stand for retrenchment eloquently said that he was in favor of repealing thi thirty days' and reform in this branch of the civil service of the Govm·nment. sick leave, "which is granted only to the employees of Washing­ There is no justification for this special privilege; there is no rea­ ton "-I hope the distinguished chairman, with his energy and son why the employees in Washington should be treated differently ability, will insist, before his committee, upon new legislation from the employees generally throughout the country. The Ap­ tending to remove this inequality permanently, and thus, without propriation Committee is all-powerful, and the gentleman from additional charge or bm·den to the Treasury, we will be able to Tilinois is all-powerful and an able legislator, and has shown him­ give leave of absence in a proper time to all of the employees of self ready at all times to stand for retrenchment. The committee the Government, whether in Wa£hington or elsewhere; or that has the power to do this, and if you gentlemen will ~tand in advo- he will aid in the presentation to the lionse of t~e bill which I 1902. CONGRESSION.A.L RECORD-HOUSE. 839

introduced and urge its consideration and adoption. In this way he velopment wo-uld mean the p1·osperity and the glory of the conn­ will favor the adoption of a bill doing away with inequality and try, and so they promoted by a liberal policy the settlement of injustice; a law which will tend to secure justice to all the em­ Ohio, Kentucky, -and other great States. ployees of the Government alike, with special privileges to none. And what-did we do when we acquired the great territory of [Applause.] · · the :Mississippi Valley under the Louisiana purchase, out of which Mr. NEWLANDS. Mr. Chairman, the gent1eman from Penn­ so many magnificent States have been created-all of them public­ sylvania [Mr. SIBLEY] has sounded "a note of warning" regard­ land States, all of them embracing an area of public land capable ing the demand of the West tbat appropriate legislation should of .cultivation, many times greater than the acreage which, under be adopted by Congress promoting the settlement of public lands the most fav.orable conditions, can be reclaimed in the arid West? in that region. Strange to say, the gentleman sounded this note Why, sir, the policy there·was to promote settlement and de­ upon a bill providing for the urgent deficiencies of the Govern­ velopment. The homestead became the law of the country. The ment; a bill which attests the growing extravagances of the Gov­ lands were given to settlers. Public lands were not then regarded, ernment; a bill which provides a large appropriation for perma­ as the gentleman from Pennsylvania would have you regard nent fortifications in the Philippine Islands; a bill supplementing them, as a pecuniary asset of the Government out of which every appropriations involving expenditures of at least $100,000,000 an­ dollar should be wrung for the public Treasury. On the con­ nually in the subjugation of those islands and the maintenance trary, th~y were regarded .as a great trust, to be administered for there of American supremacy; appropriations which the gentle­ the present and future generations. And so they determined to man supports as a part of our external policy, a policy which, ac­ promote home building, .and they made-- cording to the recommendation of the Secretary of War, will in­ :Air. HEPBURN. Is it not true that the States that are now volve the expenditure of at least $5,000,000 in the purchase of asking the reclamation of their arid lands were .peculiarly the lands from the religious orders and their distribution amongst States that were beneficiaries under the homestead law? As a the Philippine people. matter-of fact, the homestead a.ct was passed in 1862. The Gov­ And upon this bill, attesting the liberality, the generosity, and ernment has parted with nearly all of its lands-I say nearly the extravagance of the country in other directions, and which ail-in ,the State of lowa, for example. And it was a very remote contains not a word on the subject of Western irrigation, the benefit, a very minor benefit, that came to the people of that State gentleman sounds, I repeat, a note-of warning, raises the cry of through the homestead law. Even as to the land grants for rail­ ''economy'' in governmental expenditures, insists that our inter­ ways, alternate sections were given to the 1·ailway, and we had nal policy should be cramped and contracted so as to impair the to pay double the minimum price for the remaining a.cres which development of the West, whose competition he fears in the rais­ were pm·chasea from the Government. ing of farm products, and with vivid imagination pictures a Mr. SHAFROTH; So did the people in theWestern States. Western raid upon the National Treasury and the consequent Mr. HEPBURN~ ()h, no. There were bnt few entries in Ne­ imposition of additional burdens upon the taxpayers of the coun­ braska, in Xansas, in Colorado prior to 1862; so that the home­ try. Reckless concerning extravagant expenditures abroad, he stead law became-operative at once for the benefitofyourpeople, is concerned about reasonable development at home. He would but not for the benefit of-the somewhat older .States. at great expense expand our external ·empire whilst he would Mr. SHAFROTH. But the railroads were constructed under dwarf the Republic whose Western States form a part of that the provisions of the laws of the United States. great Louisiana purchase the development of whiCh has been the Mr. HEPBURN. That was only a small poTtion of the aggre-­ glory of the Republic and the crowning achievement of the cen­ gate. tury. Since the gentleman thus challenges Western sentiment Mr. SHAFROTH. The great mass of the lands w-ere commuted, and Western development, it becomes me as a Western man to by which the Treasury got money by not insistingnpon five years' accept the challenge. residence, but by granting the lands after fourteen months. What, then, is the demand of the West? · It is that the West 1Ir. NEWLANDS. It is true, as the gentleman says, that should be enabled to reclaim itself, without taxing the Federal early in om· land history these lands were sold, but they were

1 Treasury and Without inflicting any burden upon the general sold at such reasonable prices as not to involve any burden upon taxpayer, by appropriate legislation dedicating the proceeds of the settlers. ..And finally the policy was evolved of dedicating the the sales of the public lands in the arid region to the reclamation entire region to homesteads. A man by living u:pon the land for of arid lands, thus making the snow waters of that region, now five years and cultivating it -and making it his home conld obtain :running to waste, available for use by settlers under :the home­ title without payment, and he could secure a commutation of stead law, following the uniform policy of the country in the the homestead, as it was called, by the payment of $1.25 an acre dedication of its ;public domain to the creators of homes, the set­ at the end of fourteen months. tl~rs 1·estoring to the reclamation fund the cost of the Govern­ Now, the policy of -the Government has been to administer this ment works m the price of their lands, thus creating a revolving domain as a great trust for the settlement and development of ftmd from the sales of public lands in that region which can be this conntry. The gentleman's State, which, I believe, comprises

nsed over and over again in the construction of irrigation works more than 20,000,000 acres of land1 was settled in this way. I ask nntil all the waters now running to waste are beneficially utilized. the gentleman what is the acreage of his State? Such is the bill which is recommended by the Western Senators Mr. HEPBURN. About 35,000,000 acres. representing 13 States and 3 Territories, a bill which guards Mr. NEWLANDS. About 35,000,000 acres; more acres of land against improvident expenditure by declaring that no contmct than can by any possibility be reclaimed in the arid West in thirty for irrigation works shall be let until the moneys required for years; and yet the great State of Iowa, with 35,000,000 acres, payment are in the fund, thus making the fund itse-lf the limit of eqnal to .one-half of the total area which can by any possibility be expenditure; a bill which guards against land monopoly by pro­ reclaimed, was opened up to settlement in competition with the viding that the lands capable of i.rrigation shall be subject to en­ other States. I repeat that 35,000,000 acres is one--half of the total try only under the homestead law and limiting each entry to a area which can by any possibility be reclaimed in the arid West, tract not exceeding 160 acres or less than 40 acres, leaving it to for, while there are 600,000:000 acres of public lands in the arid the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, taking into consid­ region, the calculation of all the experienced and scientific men eration the climate and the fertility and productiveness of the soil, who have investigated the subject is that there is no water avail­ to _prescribe as an entry such a,rea of land as will reasonably sup­ able for more than 70,000,000 .acres, and that it will take genera­ port a family. tions to ·accomplish the work of ['eclaiming this area., thus gradu­ So this measure does not involve a raid upon the Federal Treas­ ating the settlement to the pressing needs of ever~incl'easing ury. It does not impose a burden upon the general taxpayers of poJ)ulation. · the country. It simply involves the dedication of the lands of The gentleman'sState, then, comprises one-half of the entire re­ the West to the development of the West, and that has been the claimable area of the arid region, and it is watered from the uniform policy of the country in the administration of its public heavens. This land was opened up to settlement in competition domain. with the thirteen original States, in competition with the five States Now, what have been the public-land States of the Union? that were carved out of the Northwest Territory, in competition Why, all the States except the original 13. Those States were, in with sister States in the South and West, and yet complaint is the early days of the Republic, in possession of the great North­ made because we ask this country to inaugurate an automatic w-est Territory, out of which five additional States were subse­ system which will lead to the ultimate reclamation of only double quently carved. What was the policy of the people at that time? the number of acres in Iowa in a period of fifty- perhaps one hun- Was it to prevent settlement of the Northwest Territory, to pre-­ dred~years. 1 - vent entry of the public lands, to prevent the -development of And if the acreage in Iowa had no disastrous competitive effect those States? No; it wa-s to promote settlement and development. upon the country, but if, as we all agree, on the contrary,its de­ . The farmers of that time did not raise the cry of ''-competition." velopment led to the growth and prosperity of the ·cauntry, I will They were proud of their country-anxious for its deT"-elo:pment. ask you what the acreage of Missollri, lllinois, Kansas, Nebraska, They knew that this great northwest country would furnish the two Dakotas, and the acreage lately entered in Oklahoma homes for their children and their children's children, and its de- means in competition? Why, gentlemen, you have opened up in 840 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HO-USE.- JANUARY 21,

Oklahoma within the last few years more land capable of being new farms is very great. You all know what happened in O:kla­ watered from the heavens than can by any possibility under this loma, where millions of acres of land were opened. Public notices bill be reclaimed in the arid region in many years. were given, and people desirous of securing homes rushed to the Mr. ROBERTSON of Louisiana. Will the gentleman yield for boundary line in order to avail themselves of the benefit of the act; a question? and Mr. Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture, said a while ago in a Mr. NEWLANDS. Yes. speech: "You need have no fear that these arid lands will not be Mr. ROBERTSON of Louisiana. I understand that the propo­ settled if water is made available. The farmers' sons of Iowa, who sition agreed upon by your committee was to give to all the States are now going to the British Dominion for the purpose of securing interested-that is, the Western States having arid lands-the pro­ farms from the public domain, will go out into that region and ceeds-of the public lands of the United States located in those settle it up." So that this involves no question of the Federal States. What I desire to say to the gentleman is this, and then I Treasury, no taxing of the general taxpayers, but simply pursues will ask him a question: the general policy of the Government in making this land avail­ · My recollection is that the Morrill bill provided for appropria­ able for the homes of the great ma-sses of tli.e people. tions for agricultural and mechanical colleges from the proceeds Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I would like to that were to be derived from these lands in those States. If that a-sk a question of the gentleman, who has made a careful study is so, what effect will this proposed legislation have upon those of this which has come to be a burning question. Why would appropriations in the future? it not be better that you should formulate a plan by which the Mr. NEWLANDS. The gentleman correctly states that the General Government surrender to the States the public lands Morrill bill provided an appropriation of about twenty or twenty­ within their respective domains, and then let the State legislatures five thousand dollars, I believe, for each agricultural college in the provide for this general system of irrigation, without the United country, payable out of the proceeds of public lands. As a matter States being a party to it? of fact, howver, Congress has gone on and appropriated those mon­ Mr. NEWLANDS. The reason why we have not shaped the eys out of the General Treasury; but in this bill we have provided bill on the lines of cession to the States of the lands within their that the dedication of the proceeds of the sales of public lands in boundaries is because the sentiment of the country has formulated that region to the work of reclamation shall not affect the beneficial itself against -it, and that sentiment of the country finds its ex­ operation of that act; that the proceeds of the public lands outside pression in both the Democratic and Republican national plat­ of these 16 arid and semiarid States and Territories shall be ap­ forms, both of which declare for a national system of reclama­ propriated for that ptrrpose, and that if there is not sufficient, then tion and for the preservation of these lands for homes of actual the annual appropriations to those institutions shall be a charge settlers. And another reason-- upon the General Treasury. Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. Will the gentleman permit me to I can not inform the gentleman to what extent the proceeds of ask him a question? the sale of public lands outside of these 16 States and Territories Mr. NEWLANDS. Certainly. .. will be sufficient to meet the wants of these institutions, but I Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. Does that statement imply that think they will largely contribute to them. At all events, the irrigation is to be taken out of the field of private enterprise? purpose of thiB bill is to preserve to those institutions their pres­ Mr. NEWLANDS. No. - ent annual appropriation. Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. Howmuchbroaderinterpretation Mr. BARTLETT. May I call the gentleman's attention to a is there given? fact with reference to that? Mr. NEWLANDS. Let me explain the nature of the Govern­ Mr. NEWLANDS. Yes. ment work. The Government's work is to prevent the flood wa­ Mr. BARTLETT. When what was known as the "free-homes ters of these streams from being wasted. As it is, the water of bill" was passed in the last Congress, there was an amendment to that region is entirely supplied by the snow, which falls in the that law which provided that in the event that the proceeds from winter and melts suddenly in April, May, or June, precipitating the sale of the public lands should not be sufficient to keep up a torrent in the streams. If the river happens to be tributary to the appropriation made by the Morrill bill to these agricultural a navigable stream, those waters rush down and increase the flow colleges, or if that fund should be diverted, then the colleges in the navigable streams;- and that is one of the causes of the should be paid their proportion out of the General Treasury. great floods in the Missouri and Mississippi rivers. Mr. NEWLANDS. Out of the General Treasury? You will protect the banks of these rivers as much by storage Mr. BARTLETT. That is the legislation as it now exists. of these waters in the mountains as you will by building these Mr. NEWLANDS. So that our bill merely perpetuates the immense levees to protect the adjoining lands from overflow. If legislation which exists now~ which was passed on the Oklahoma the rivers are not tributary to the great navigable streams, but bill, and which is ample to protect all the agricultural colleges of find their outlet in the great lakes, such as Salt Lake, in the sink · thecountry. · of the desert, they there make great inland seas that serve no pur­ Now, gentlemen, let me explain the provisions of the bill which pose except to satisfy the thirst of the sun. We propose that these has been agreed upon by the Senators and Representatives from waters shall be put to a beneficial use by indissolubly joining the these 16 States and Territories, aggregating between 50 and 60 in water and the land, and we insist that the Government as the number. They have agreed that the proceeds of the sales of pub- owner of the land has the right and power and it is its duty to . lie lands in these States-in the arid and semiarid States-shall be make these waters so available as to facilitate the settlers in mak­ put into a special fund in the Treasury, to be called the ''arid land ing actual reclamation. · reclamation fund." Mr. WM. ALDEN. SMITH. IB it your proposition to take the They then give the Secretary of the Interior the power to go on surplus water from these streams? and construct irrigation works and to permit entries under the Mr. NEWLANDS. As a rule, throughout that entire region homestead law of lands that can be irrigated from those works. there exist State laws for the appropriations of water; but the It prevents him, however, from entering into any contract unless settler must not consider simply the condition of the stream the money for its payment is in the fund. No indebtedness what­ from which he gets his water supply, in the months of April and ever can be contracted and no obligations can be assumed which May, but must consider what it will be in the month of July, will inanywaythreaten the Federal Treasury. Then it provides when the river is a mere thread and when water is most needed; that settlers can enter upon these lands and occupy them in areas so that the limitation of production is not the condition of the not exceeding 160 acres and not less than 40 acres, thus securing river in the torrential season, but at the period of least flow. It and dedicating that entire region to homes for the people; not for should be the purpose of the Government to conserve the flood the people who now live there, but for your people-people in the waters of the mountain tributaries of the Missouri and Mis issippi East, people in the Middle West, people in Nebraska, Iowa, Kan­ rivers, as well a-s the flood waters of the nonnavigable streams sas, illinois, and other States who want to go farther west. which empty into these great inland lakes in the lowe t part of These lands are not appropriated for the benefit of the people the desert, and hold them in suspense in reservoirs in the moun­ there, except so far as each individual can avail himself of the tains, so that they can be let down during the period of scarcity act and secure a home; nor do the proceeds go to the States. The and thus render a large area capable of cultivation. proceeds of the sales of public lands in those States are dedicated Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. Does the gentleman from Nevada and appropriated as a special fund in the Treasury for all time to think that we have a right to divert the streams? do this work. The trust is to be administered as a national trust, Mr. NEWLANDS. Undoubtedly. The United States Govern­ by the National Government, and the public domain is to be re­ ment has every right that any proprietor of land has, and the garded as a unit regardless of State lines. Each large watershed right is unquestioned in that region, for the doctrine of riparian is to be regarded as a unit regardless of State lines, and the pur­ rights does not prevail there. The right is unquestioned to ap.; pose of the Government, as the owner of the public lands, is propdate water and to put it to a beneficial use, that beneficial simply to do such work as will render the waters available for use being the measure limit and basis of his right; but if the ap­ the lands that can be reclaimed. propriator of water neglects the beneficial use of that water, the Now, recollect the area of settlement is rapidly diminishing. abandoned water goes back to the general stream for the use of The pressure of the population in the West for new homes and those who do wish to put it to a beneficial use. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 841

Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. It seems to me this should be condition of the rivers, with the torrential flow in the spring and done with the cooperation of the State. the scanty flow in the summer months, it was possible for him to Mr. NEWLANDS. Well, if State cooperation is desired or get his supply for the entire period of cultivation. . needed, it will be forthcoming; because the people throughout But each additional entry of land and appropriation of water that entire region realize that it is a matter that the State can would diminish the capacity of the stream at the period of lowest not efficiently undertake, because of the limits of the State bound­ flow, and when the capacity of the stream at its period of lowest aries. Take the tributaries of the Missouri River; it has its flow-not highest-was exhausted, that meant a limitation upon sources in three or four different States, and treatment of the the area of development, and it was necessary then to enter upon river and its watershed must be under one control. the work of storing these flood waters, holding them on tap in The snows that fall and supply the water may be in one State the mountains, the mountains perhaps of another State, moun- and the flat lands that can be reclaimed may be in an adjoining tains far distant. · State through which the waters flow. The State, therefore, can Now, who is the owner of these unsettled and unoccupied not operate outside of its own boundaries, and it will be impossi­ lands? The people of those States? No. The settlers in those ble for it to treat the river as a unit and develop every one of its States? No . . The Government is the owner of 600,000,000 acres tributaries for the purpose of preventing the torrential floods, cre­ of land there, of which only 70,000,000 are capable of reclama­ ating a constant flow, and securing thus the highest beneficial tion. The existing water settlers have exhausted the water at use of the water. the period of lowest flow, and the question is now how to main­ Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. The point I make is that the tain these rivers in an equal and sustained flow, and that can only National Government, if it invades a State and diverts the flow be done scientifically, economically, and with the best results by of the river, must have the consent of the State to do it. I won­ the Government of the United States. der if that will be forthcoming. Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. Does the gentleman state it as Mr. NEWLANDS. That will be done by every State that his fixed opinion that it is beyond the power of the States to re­ hopes to avail itself of Government work. We simply enact into claim those lands by the process of irrigation when they are re­ law the recognized doctrine of that entire region, that beneficial enforced by grants of the lands within their boundaries by the use shall be the basis measure and limit of the right to water. General Government? · The United States Government, like any individual or corpora­ Mr. NEWLANDS. I mean to saythatthere.would not be such tion under the laws of the State, can make appropriations of a development of that region as is required by the future of this water and lead it off into reservoirs or through ditches to the lands country and the pressing demand of the people and the pressure to be reclaimed. of population; that it would be the abandonment of a trust if the Now, I wish to show that this bill does not propose that the Government of the United States should surrender to each state Federal Government shall itself reclaim the lands. All that the this work. bill provides for is that the Government shall make the waters Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana. Have not millions of money been available, so that the settlers, either individually or by coopera­ invested in those enterprises successfully? .Are not the securities tion, can get at them, lead them over the lands, and upon them of the companies engaged in these enterprises eagerly sought? will be devolved the labor and cost of actual reclamation. That Are not California and Colorado to-day Gardens of Eden by rea­ labor and cost itself is very large. So that the cost to the settler son of irrigation, which has followed the expenditure of millions is not only the moneys he must expend in making the ditches and and millions of money by the States? subditches on his own land and for the ditch connecting with the Mr. NEWLANDS. That is true in some localities, but not high-line ditch or the reservoir constructed by the Government, many. On the contrary, the SanJoaquin Valley, in California, has but he is to pay, in at least ten annual installments, back to the long since reached the limits of the capacity of its rivers at the reclamation fund his proportionate part of the cost of the Gov­ period of lowest flow, and there are thousands of acres in that ernment work, and no title to the land entered vests in him until region that are becoming worthless because they can not get a his proportionate part is paid as the price of the land. sufficient supply of water to perfect their crops. . So this fund is kept as a revolving fund, and the moneys in it Mr. PALMER. Is it not true that nine-tenths of the private are being constantly applied to the construction of new irrigation irrigation companies have gone into bankruptcy? . works. Mr. NEWLANDS. Very many have, and I will state one rea­ Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. If it does not interrupt the gentle­ son for that. Yon can never make an irrigation enterprise profit­ man, I would like to ask another question. able unless you tie the land and water together and enable the Mr. NEWLANDS. Certainly. corporation to apply its water to its land; and to carry that on Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. Passing through Arizona and New successfully there must be a very large area of land. The reser­ Mexico recently, I observed that large tracts of land were being voir may be 150 miles from the point where the water will ulti­ made available for cultivation and for grazing by private enter­ mately be used. The river is simply the medium of communica­ prise. tion, the channel through which the stored water is carried. Mr. NEWLANDS. Yes. Now, no irrigation company would be justified in going into Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. I know that for a considerable these irrigation schemes without getting the control of large time we passed through a very rich portion of country, and I areas of land. And what does that mean? It means that the inquired who was the owner of that large tract of land which Government must grant such corporations large tracts of land. seemed to be fenced off and prosperous, and some one told me it It means land monopoly. It means the concentration of these was the Maxwell grant, which has been watered entirely by pri­ large areas of land in the hands of corporations or individual vate enterprise. What I desire to know is, in accordance with the owners. It means all the expenses of promotion schemes, of dis­ demands of the country and the necessity for the cultivation of count upon bonds and stocks and interest charges, and it involves these lands, whether or not private enterprise will not be equal to the effort to secure a large profit ultimately for the promoters. the occasion and give us these lands whenever a necessity calls Besides that, it opens up the machinery oy which these lands will for it? be concentrated into large holdings. We have suffered in that Mr. NEWLANDS. That condition of things is fully met by the region from the monopoly of the lands. President of the United States in his message. He states there, The State of the gentleman from Iowa has not suffered because if my recollection is right, unequivocally, that the limitation of that State was entered up in tracts of 160 acres. But California private enterprise has been nearly reached, and that the impor­ was the victim of the land-grant system of Mexico. Grants were tant question of to-day is the preservation of the forests and the made there which were recognized as valid by the Federal Gov­ conservation of the flood waters, and that that can efficiently be ernment involving 50,000 and 100,000 acres. There is not a man done by the Government alone. in California who does not know how the ownership of those Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH. I do not wish to be misunderstood large tracts has steadily retarded the progress and development in what I have said, but I dQ not want to see any part of the of the State. It would be a mistake for our country to follow the country neglected by private enterprise, and I do not want it to example of Mexico in making large grants of land. Our policy be neglected by the Government if it is the better opinion that should be to promote home building by actual settlers. the Government should develop it. It seems to me private enter­ Mr. MOODY of Massachusetts. As I understand, no bill has prise is taking hold of Arizona and New Mexico and has done yet been reported by any committee on this subject? much which will result to the advantage of the country. Mr. NEWLANDS. No. Mr. NEWLANDS. There is no question but that private en­ Mr. MOODY of Massachusetts. Does the gentleman expect terprise is taking hold of this thing to the extent of its ability. that a bill satisfactory to the representatives of the arid lands will There is no doubt that upon streams where there was no settle­ be reported during this session? ment, where the river was bank full, where there was no gorge Mr. NEWLANDS. I hope so. I expect so. to prevent the taking out the water and carrying it over the land, Mr. MOODY of Massachusetts. I should like to ask the gentle­ where the proposition was easy and simple, the settler could man whether, in case such a bill is reported and ample opportu­ make a ditch, take the water upon his land, and in the original nity for its consideration and discussion should be given in the 842 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

House, he will abide by the result of the action of the House and fore the American people, to wit, the deyelopment and settlement not undertake later on '00 :fight this question upon· appropriation of the great arid portion of our country. bills? The gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. SIBLEY] this morning, Mr. NEWLANDS. We11, I do not propose to give any assur­ without, in my opinion, having considered the question carefully,. ances regarding my legislative course in this body. I shall meet certainly without a careful consideration of the provisions of the each question as it arises. I will- say that my indvi.dual view is bill which is proposed, suggests that the measure as presented to that if both the political parties repudiate the pledges giYBn to the the Honse will have the effect of immediately opening up to set­ West in their platforms, if the Republican party proposes to deny tlement and cultivation vas.t areas of land, the products of which the reasonable suggestions made by the President o.f the United would be brought into dll·ect competition with the products of States, all of which are in line with the sentiment of the West other portions of the country. That, as I understand it, is prac­ and the proper development of the country, I think the men rep­ tically the position taken by the gentleman. Now, Mr. Chair­ resenting that section would be justified in taking any course they man, there have been several five-year periods in the history of may deem advisab1e in. order to force upon Congress the consid­ our country since the enactment of the homestead law when eration of the subject and appropriate legislation. more lands have come under the plow than could possibly be And, furthermore, Mr. C.ha.il~man, I wish to say to the gentleman bTought under cultivation by means of this bill, if it be enacted that this discussion was not precipitated by membel·s from the into. law, and by individual enterprise in irrigation reclamation Western region. We had proposed to go along in an orderly way within the next twenty or thirty years. and p1·esent our matter before the committee having jurisdiction, Fmihermore, the arid region does not produce generally and to allow them to make their report afte1· full consideration, and a very considerable extent the great staple products of the coun­ then ask the consideration of the reported bill by the House. We try. It does not and never will pl'oduce a.ny great amount of have been compelled heretofore to practice a kind of guerrilla corn. It does not and, in my opinion, never will produce enough warfare in the House for the purpose of getting a hearing before wheat to supply the wants of the region itself. The products of the coUiltry. But our disposition, now that we have a full op­ that region will be, in the north, largely grasses, to bring the portunity to proceed in an Gl'derly way, is to get a report from steers of the adjacent ranges to that condition where they can be the proper committee and obtain consideration in the House in shipped to the great corn-raising States to be fattened for the the usual way. We believe that when this is done there will be market. In the south these lands will produce tropical and semi­ no difficulty in the way of securing legislation. tropical fruits and other products, which} instead of coming into But, ~Ir. Ch.airman, the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. competition with other portions of our country, will supply many SIBLEY] proceeded to discuss the question this morning before articles which we now import and for which we pay large sums any presentation of our case to the House, and in remarks whlch of money to fm·eigners. were likely to induce the members of the House to prejudge the I will not trespass upon the time of the House further to go into case and in that speech, if I may be permitted to say so, he pre­ a discussion of the question of irrigation. I believe that the sented a prejudiced and distorted statement of the case, a state­ American people are inclined at this time to listen to the argu­ ment appealing to the prejudices of the House and appealing to ments which we will have ro make. I believe when thls measure the interests of other sections as against the West rather than to is presented to this Congress the House will give the question high patriotism and proper regard to the development of the en­ fair consideration, and I am confident that the measure which we tire country, both West and East. will present will comniend itself to this Congress: and I ask this Now, I ask the members of this House not to permit themselves side of the House at least to reserve its judgment until the great to form a premature judgment on this great question or to allow questions inv~lved shall have been presented to it i,n the ordinary themselves to be affected by casual statements intended to arouse course of busmess. sectional opposition. It will come up for discussion in the House Mr. KERN. Mr. Chairman, in the course of his eloquent and upon the bill which will be properly presented by a committee, able remarks, delivered on this floor yesterday~ the chairman of the and I hope that every man here will come with an open and un­ Committee on .A.pp1·opriations of this House my esteemed col­ prejudiced mind to its consideration; and if that be the case I can le~oue .from illinois..,. made what seemed to me the surprising state­ not doubt the result of the calm and thoughtful deliberation of ment that tbe army which this country has in the Philippine the Congress of the United States. [Applause.] Islands at this time is there for the purpose of protecting life and Mr. MONDEL.L, Mr. Chairman, forthepastthirtydaysacom­ property. If that be true gur army is entitled to the respect, the mittee, consisting of one member of Congress from each of the admiration, and the applause of all mankind. Unless it were arid and semial'id States of the Union, has been considering and fighting for the preservation of human liberty itself no army on preparing a bill, the object of which is to invoke Federal aid in the the earth ever carried arms in a holier cause nor fol' a worthier irrigation of some of our arid and semiarid lands in the West. object. Human life should he held sac1·ed everywhere. The Last evening that committee reported t-o the full membership rights of property involve the holiest rights of man. from the Wes.t the result of their labo.Ts and investigations in the But, in my opinion, m-y esteemed colleague has inadvertently form of a bill, wb.ich was introduced this morning in both Houses, misconceived and misstated the facts as they really exist in this and in due course of time we nope that bill may be 1·eported to the ca e. Our army, it seems to me, is in the Philippine Islands for House for its consideration and action. a directly contrary purpose to that alleged by the gentleman Now, it occurs to me that this is not the time to discuss the from IllinoiB. It is there primarily not. to protect human life, questions which that bill presents, but I hope and trust that some but to take it, It is there not to p1·otect property, but to destroy time in the no distant future the Committee on Rules of this it. It is there to shed blood, It is the1·e to strike down men. House may see fit to give us an opportunity to present the bill There is no use in mincing wo1·ds about this matter. It is there which may be rep01ied from the committee to the House; and at to kill. It is there to tear down, to lay waste, to devastate, and that time it is expected that the provisions of the bill will be fully to burn houses and barns, and factories and mills, and court­ explained and discussed. At that time, Mr. Chairman, it is ex­ houses, and st-ate houses and churches, if it becomes necessary in pected that an opportunity for a full and free debate on this sub­ the prosecution of its work. By what standard of right, by what ject will be given to all of the members of the House-an oppol'­ recognized authority, in what well-defined cause is this work of tunity commensurate with the importance of the question which human slaughter and destruction of propeliy carried on? is presented, and for one, I have full confidence, so far as this What have the inhabitants of those islands done to kindle the side of the House is concerned, that the pledge of the Republican mighty flames of our consuming wrath? What unpardonable party in its last national platform would be fulfilled, and the crime have they been guilty of in their relations with us, distant suggestion of the President of the United States in reference to neighbors which they have always been, of no kith and of no kin this matter in his annual message will be carefully considered to us, living there tnousands of miles from our shores, almost and adopted by the House. total strangers in their intercourse with us? As I stated a few moments ago, I do not believe this is a proper If history speaks the truth-if our own official records tell the time to enter into a discussion of the merits of the measure we truth-the inhabitants of the Philippine Islands have never asked propose to bring to the attention of Congress. But I wish to ap­ the people of this corm try nor the people of any other country for peal to gentlemen, on this side of the House at 1east, not to pre­ anything but the recognition of their right to be independent judge the case. and free, and to be let alone in the peaceful and undisturbed I wish to appeal to my Republican colleagues to reserve. their enjoyment of their independence and their liberty. [Applause.) judgment with refeTence to this matter until the bill has been Holier war for holier cause was never waged in the history of properly presented to the House, and I hop,e, Mr. Chairman, in our race than the war which this country waged against the the meantime, that each and every one of them will examine that country of Spain. That war was the indignant protest of the free bill and all of its provisions carefully. We believe that the bill men of the nineteenth century, hurled into the face of surviving as drawn ~afeguards the interests of the country and-of the people, monarchy in its last gasps in Europe, and it was notice duly and at the same time its enactment into a law will settle, at least served on monarchical institutions that its days on earth are num­ to .a very considerable extent, one o.f the great questions now be- bered. It was a war for liberty. It was a :fight for the rights of 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 843 man. It was a battle against tyranny. It was a successful strug­ killing and wanton destruction. But American manhood and gle .against oppression. It was a command uttered in thunder American v.alor and unconquerable American resolution will issue tones for the robber to halt and stop the unholy work of despoil­ the command to the land-grabbing., .greedy., despoiling nations of ing the people. And in this war~ and until the word victory had the earth to leave hands off, and none will dare to take them nor been inscribed. .on our triumphant banners, and until the smoke of to crook a single hair on any Filipino's head. That argument re­ the last gun fired in the name of liberty and justice and the solv..es itself in plain words into the coward's wincing wail It rights of man had cleared away, the men on these islands w.ere is a pure fabrication, a cringing .subterfuge, a false prophecy~ willing to fight side by side with the gallant soldiers of our Re­ America would not permit tbat thing to be done which it is pre­ public in the same holy cause; and they did fight side by side with dicted would be done by :the other nations. One resolute word them until the laurels were won, and their women and their little from the city of Washington, coming from the right quarters, children cheered them on, and they cheered our boys on as they would prevent it forever and prevent it effectually. The com­ fought for freedom, justice, and for right. [Applause.] mand " Thou shalt not " would go forth, and it would be heeded They never asked Spain anything but the right to be independ­ now and in the futm·e, as it has been heeded on .several note­ ent and free. They begged Spain to quit robbing them. They worthy occasions before. implored their mother country for the right to construct and We have made a mistake with respect to the seizing and the manage a government for themselves. They asked for freedom attempted subjugation of these islands, and we ought to have the to think, freedom to speak, and freedom to print, liberty nf con­ honor, and the manhood, and the courage, and the candor, and science, personal liberty, the right to stand p.p with their heads the principle to correct that fatal mistake. Instead of the Amer­ erect-in short, the right to be men. [Applause.] ican nation entering on a career of detestable oppre sion the They are making the same demands on us which they made on American heart .should find a permanent abiding place wherever old Spain. We are answering them in the same words and the on this earth a people yearns for liberty and nerves its arm to same spirit in which old Spain answered them. Wrapped in the strike brave blows in its defense. It is never too late to mend. cloak of a hypocritical and unreal civilization, untrue to every We should call this business off, and we should call our bo}'s tradition of om· great Republic, actuated by the base motives of home. In the language of the silent commander, '' Let us have selfishness and cupidity, utterly disregardful of our own direct peace." [Applause.] and tacit promises, we arrogate to ourselves the right to take their One more subject has been injected into this deba-te, on wbich lives, destroy their property, and lay waste their country unless I ask the indulgence of this House. It is the subject of sending they consent to bend and bow to the dictation of onr imperial, special envoys, a delegation of men from this country to attend arbitrary, conquering will. the coronatiOn ceremonies of England's new King. I have no ob­ We are wrong in our war in the Philippine Islands. We might jection to England's crowning this man as her King, if the English as well be candid and admit that melancholy fact. The world nation sees fit to do so. But! will say that it is wrong to tax the knows it anyhow. We know it. We are clearly conscious of our American people to pay the expenses of any crowd of official fa­ guilt, for the voice of our conscience, try we ever so hard, we vorites chosen to go there to be present and to represent the can neither stifle nor suppress. It will speak out. It will tell the American people at this "blow-out." That is the concern of this truth in spite of ourselves and forbid all .self-deception. The two House, and this House should proudly and manfully refuse to greatest nations of the earth to-day are engaged in fighting the appropriate one dollar of the American people's money for this two unholiest wars of all history. They pretend to be the freest. unnecessary and ignoble purpose. A self-respecting American, T They are the proudest. Let them beware that they sow not the take it, does not want to shine at such a function. No other kind seeds of national disintegration. Let them beware of the day of of Ammican should be permitted to do so as the accredited repre­ reckoning that must be sure to follow in its train and mark the sentative of this cormtry at the expense of the American people. end of such a mistaken course. ~ If he wants to go there on his own hook and pay iris own bills We are told that we have assumed obligations in the Philippine like a man, let him go, and I bid him Godspeed on the voyage Islands, by the signing of the Spanish treaty, which make it our and wish him a glorious good time during the course of the entire duty to stay in th~ islands .and to subjugate the inhabitants by gigantic spree. force of arms. A free republic can assume no obligation to op­ The American people are not admirers of the personality of press. When it assumes the rOle of tyrant and of taskmaster, England's King. American mothers do not ask their sons to that moment it ceases to be a republic in all but name. Fidelity emulate his unenviable life conduct. 'They do not admire his to the principles of the equal liberty of men and the equal rights example. They do not regard bis character as a fit model for of men must be the guiding -star of a free people in a republic. imitation. But I have no desire to pry any deeper jnto this un­ Those who ass1lffi9 the right to make that kind of treaties for a savory phase of the subject. I want to say that the system of republic are recreant to their trust .as rep1·esent.ative.s of the peo­ government which he represents and of which he is the embodi­ ple, and they are false to its principles, and in the eyes of the ment, the American people, taken as a whole, much as they re­ honest and right-thinking patriot and of the really free man the spect and love the common people of England, despise and detest; contract is not worth the paper it is written on. the idea of kingcraft, of monarchy, of rule by assumed divine We are furthermore told that those humble people are not com­ right, of princes, of a titled nobility, of gilded crowns on empcy petent to govern themselves. No other just form of government heads. The idea is entirely repugnant to their idea of government. than a form of self-government is possible on earth. But assuming, The American people esteem trne worth, laurels won by b-rave for the sake of argument, that they are not competent to govern fighting in fields of useful and elevating activity. According to themselves, and I deny the proposition that they are not, then their humble notion, the humblest citizen is better than a king where and when did we acquire the skill .and experience so essen­ so long as he leads an honorable and useful life., and does not try tial in governing distant peoples: thousands of miles away from to encroach on the liberties of others, and every American woman our shores, of a different race and breed. of different habits and is better than any queen that eveT wore a jeweled diadem, and standards of life, of different history and traditions, speaking an before whom fawning courtiers have .stooped to kiss the earth, alien and to us unintelligible language? We are only just em­ and gold bespangled panderers have buried their bcnded knees in barking on that sort of enterprises, and we can not be said to have dust. [Applause.] I despise the very name of king in what that made a howling success of it so far as we have gone. Our great term implies in a monarchy, and in the same sense the word queen captains of statesmanship have all taught us that it oould not is hatefnl tame. It stands not for h'berty, for virtue., for nobil­ possibly be done. Their common verdict is that no man is good ity of character, but the accidents of birth do win the kingly and enough to govern another man; that all just government rests the queenly crown. primarily and ultimately upon consent and not upon force, and We hear a great deal of talk on this fiool' about mother country. that all nations have an inalienable right to be independent and If England ever was our mother country she was a brutal and free. inhuman stepmother, indeed. She held us by the tluoat and They tell us that if we withdraw our troops from the islands throttled us until we threw her off with scorn and indignation and permit those people to realize their high ideal in their passion­ at the month of thundering cannon and at the sword's keen point. ate yearning and fond desire for freedom and independent self­ The great majority of our people are neither English nor of Eng­ government, and give them our solemn benediction to the sweet lish extraction, and those who Jtre have no sympathy with English music of falling fetters, that some othfrr nation will assume the monarchical rule. They are Irish, German, French, Italian, Rus­ r6le which we are playing now and will gobble the islands up, ex­ sian, yea African, and they are 1)f Il:ish, Ge1'1nan, French, Italian, tend the hand of despotism over them, and despoil their people. Russian and African ex:tr.actio ns. These other countries are our If that were tnw, then the guilt at least for the atrocious c1ime mother countries, too, and eac1 and every one of them has been is not on our heads. Then, at least, we have washed our hands kinder to us in dealing mth us than old England ever was. They clean of this bloody business. We will keep our treasures at talk of common language common literature, common art., and home, to be expended for useful purposes, and we will keep our common customs. We are the heirs of all the good and great boys at home with their families and at theh· firesides. We will who have Wl'Orrght anything in art and literatm·e in all the coWl­ cease in honor, as far .as we are concerned, the work .of dastardly tries of this earth. ·844 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANU.ARY· 21, -

We owe nothing to the kings and nobles of any country. We our soldiers in those distant islands-in that wretched, sickly owe all we are and hope to be to the efforts of the plain and com­ clime-appropriate it, expend it and welcome, but we refuse to mon people. [Applause.] England's King is this day at the consent that it shall be for a permanent military establishment. head of the Government which is engaged in murdering republi­ The soldiers are ours; men who enlisted to fight for freedom, not canism and liberty in South Africa. He is at the head of the sys­ for conquest, butt being enlisted, mustobeyordersfrom their supe­ tem that is vainly trying to destroy the brave Boers whose highest riors. They are not responsible if wrong is done by their agency. ambition in life is to establish in South Africa a government They are in the islands and must be cared for. modeled after the Government of Washington and Jefferson and But if they are not sooner or later withdrawn the Administra­ Lincoln. The dastardly work which he is carrying on there in tion in power will have imperiled their lives in a service fraught the wholesale slaughter of the innocents should be enough to de­ with wrong to the islanders and danger to our own country. But ter this Government from participating officially in the corona­ "the flag is there forever," and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. tion ceremonies of King Edward, aside from all other reasons. CANNON] repeatedly declared these are to be "permanent" mill-· That work alone should furnish us with good and sufficient reason tary posts. Before the treaty of Paris was ratified no one in this to refuse to participate through the agency of special envoys as House would admit for the Republican party an intention of per­ a Government in the hollow mockery of that ceremony. [Loud manently occupying the Philippines. I for one never for a moment applause:] doubted their purpose to do so, but they were not candid enough to assert it. In vain did we try to get some assurance from them. [Mr. GAINES of Tennessee addressed the· committee. See At that time they did not dare to confront the people with the Appendix.] assertion that they intended to hold those islanders against their Mr. DINSMORE. Mr. Chairman, it is with diffidence and with­ will under a perpetual colonial government; under the :flag for out hope of results here and now that I ask indulgence to speak military purposes, without the Constitution for purposes of taxa­ upon the subject to which I shall address myself and which is pre­ tion and local government. I have a distinct remembrance of sented by the pending deficiency bill. I shall confine myself to the members on this side in those discussions repeatedly endeavoring item making an appropriation of $500.000 to establish a military to elicit from our opponents what their purpose was, but always post in the Philippine Islands. I am well aware that the subject of with failure. They were always met by the general assertion our relations with the Philippines has been thoroughly and re­ that the Republican party could be relied upon, when the responsi­ peatedly discussed before Congress and throughout the country and bility was imposed upon it, to do that which was proper and that the policy of government has at last been definitely made right. known. Iknowthatisubjectmyselftothesamecriticismthatwas Mr. Chairman, once more let me speak a word in behalf of the made on yesterday of the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. DEAR­ principles of government which throughout our past history were MOND] when he was told that all of this had been thrashed out in the recognized as just and those that should obtain. Once more I Presidential campaign by the advocates of the Democratic party desire to lift my voice for the Declaration of Independence, for and was decided adversely to them at the polls by the people of constitutional government as it was recognized for more than a the United States. Nevertheless, I desire to be l;leard briefly. The hundred years. party of the Administration in power has gone too far already to It avails not to tell us that the people have decided against us reverse its course even if it could be convinced of error-a course on the issues involved in a campaign. A campaign does not that in my judgment is wrong and unjustifiable. Nevertheless, I settle issues for all time. The people sometimes err and after­ must avail myself of the opportunity to enter one more protest in wards correct their error. The question of imperialism was no behalf of the Republic and safe and just government; a protest more settled by the campaign of 1900 than was the doctrine of against wrong and injustice; against imperiling our own libertres protection by the campaign of 1892, when, on that issue, the by assailing the liberties of others. · Republican party was displaced and Democracy installed in We listened yesterday to gentlemen on the other side of the power. Fortunately, under American institutions, the people Chamber, and with especial interest to the very able chairman of have the right to speak as they believe at all times, and to declare the Committee on Appropriations [Mr. CA.ID!ON], while they convictions as to what the honor of the country and the welfare spoke upon this item of the bill. The gentleman from illinois of the people demand. [Mr. CANNoN], with the enthusiastic earnestness which invariably The distinguished gentleman from illinois [Mr. CilTNON] has characterizes his utterances, made the assertion that the flag of spoken in terms of the highest consideration of the different the United States was planted in the Philippines to float there peoples with whom we are in treaty relation in the world, and forever, and even for a day longer than forever, and he asserted pathetically about our duty to the Filipinos. He affectionately a doctrine which has long been stoutly denied by his colleagues­ gathers them within the arms of the Constitution; but it remains that the Constitution is there with the flag. It is maintained that a cold and cruel fact that under a Republican government, which the Constitution is there for some purposes and absent for others. for more than a century has asserted that all governments derive When the Constitution can be so construed as to justify the am­ their just powers from the consent of the governed, we are now bitious schemes of the Republican party, it is there. It is not engaged in establishing a military despotism over an unwilling there when it palpably stands in the way of those schemes. But people, who fought and bled with our soldiers in the common cause the gentleman seemed almost overcome by the fervor of tender of liberty, denying to them the constitutional privileges that philanthropy while tremulous and agitated and with tearful voice everybody who claims the protection of the American :flag has a he described how the glorious Constitution would enfold in its right to a-sk for himself. protecting arms the islanders-a people incapable of self-control­ The people of America have no cause to be infatuated with and give them the benign blessing of American protection and colonial government and perpetuate it. It was in resi tance of guidance and so much of self-government as they are capable of those who sought to impose it that we had our national birth. It exercising. He even gave expression to the hope that at some was in resistance of the idea that any people could usurp to them­ time in the distant nebulous future, with the building of churches selves superiority over us and claim that they had a better under­ and schoolhouses, the education by American teachers-and by standing of what was good for us than we had for ourselves, and his leave I add the payment of American taxes-they may reach the right to impose upon us discriminating burdens which their a point where they may govern themselves. own people did not have to share in, that the most glorious revo­ But in the meantime the Army must be maintained to enforce lution of all history was fought, and the one most fruitful of . upon them the inestimable privilege of our unselfish protection. beneficent results that bore the fruit of a great Republic which We are asked now to take the money of the people to establish has distanced all other nations in the rapidity of its advance to permanent military posts in the Philippines, and I can not, with­ the fullness of prosperity~ greatness, and power. We to-day are out comment and protest, see the Government take this step, doing to the people of the Philippine Islands exactly what England which commits us to the policy of holding the Philippines per­ proposed to do for us, and which our fathers prevented her from manently as a colony, to be governed by military power with­ doing by the most devoted patriotic sacrifices that any people had out the consent of the inhabitants, contrary to the spirit of our ever endured for liberty up to that time. own institutions, and against the wish of a very large part of the Proud memory of our national past should stay our hand. people of the United States. [Applause.] On a former occasion, When we look at what has resulted from colonial government when legislation was pending for the annexation of Hawaii and under European monarchies, we have that which should deter us it was insisted by the majority that possession of those islands from entering upon it for ourselves. Let us but glance at Ire­ was necessary for a military outpost to secure and guard our land, which to-day is but a colony of Britain and is denied home trade, I myself predicted that it was but the beginning and that rule; Ireland, whose people have furnished to civilization bright ere long we would be asked to take and hold the Philippines also, examples of magnificent manhood. Only a day or two ago-! and to keep a standing Army the:r:e. There were none so bold as believe it was night before last-! was reading from the utter­ to admit it then. J:n,deed, if we could have persuaded the opposi­ ances of Michael Davitt before the Irish National Society at Glas­ tion to make a declaration on the subject it would probably have gow, Scotland, with reference to the conditions in his mother been an indignant denial. But to-day we see it has come to pass. country. In the face of British subjects and before Englishmen If money is necessary to provide for the comfort and health of he brought his indictment against England. Ireland to-day, 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.

under imperialism, differing from the proud States around her, We needed not to extend our military power beyond the con­ which, although small in area, have gradually grown and doubled fines of the continent, and there is yet time to withdraw it. their population, increased their wealth, and diminished their Ah, Mr. Chairman, if we had continued in the course so long burdens of taxation, Ireland since 1801 has lost 50 per cent of her pursued, there would have been no need of fear from any power population; insanity and poverty have increased; the sturdy viril­ on earth. The combined powers of the world could not have ity of the population has been diminished by emigration of the prevailed against us. I think I am justified in making that state­ fittest to other countries in order that they might escape oppress­ ment, though it may be considered by some a vainglorious boast. ive government. Behold the heroes of the Transvaal; a little band of Dutch pa­ Under an Irish parliament two millions of taxes were borne by triots are contending still against the combined military and the Irish people; under the British Parliament to-day, with the financial power of the greatest empire on earth. What is yet to population not greater than then, Ireland bears a burden of twelve be their destiny God knows. Whether indomitable manhood, millions of taxes, an increase of 600 per cent. Of the whole indus­ unfaltering courage, reckless devotion, and sublime faith in God trial production one-half goes to tax gatherers and landlords. are yet to save them from oppression, we may not now know. These are the blessings of imperialistic government, if you please. We can only hope that the flame of liberty shall not be quenched. Ireland deserves a better fate-Ireland that has thrilled us with If two weak republics, without resources, with but a few squad­ her eloquence and entranced us with her songs; that furnished to rons can thus hold at. bay the mighty empire of Britain, Ame1ica the world a Burke, a Philips, an Erskine, a Goldsfuith. a Campbell, would be secure against the world. and a Moore! Yet the decay of a century has, under the blighting Mr. Chairman, I would not be considered unfriendly to Eng­ power of imperialism, brought her low. With independence she land or her people. I am sensible of the ties which bind us to might have been of the proudest and greatest of Euro_pean States. them. They are our cousins, " bone of our bone and flesh of our Who knows? flesh." We have greater affinity with them than with any other Canada is more fortunate-is practically independent. Ireland. monarchy. I am condemning in England that which deserves is almost within cannon shot of England, but Canada is within condemnation. I have condemned her for those things only hand shake of the United States, while a large per cent of the which I am denouncing here at home in our own Government. population there is ready and desirous of becoming a part of us. I love to think of the British in connection with the great charter What is to be hoped for from colonization of the Philippines? and Runnymede; I love to hold that charter side by side with the The inhabitants have exhibited courage, fortitude, pride, and Declaration of Independence, our great charter; and I would to love of country. Do gentlemen in good faith expect ever to see God that neither of these great Governments had ever departed pacific conditions there under our dominion? Will the stubbo:rn from the principles contained in those two great instruments. inhabitants of more than a thousand islands, inaccessible to our What is to come? Shall we for gain overturn all our historic arms, smarting under blasted hopes, be easily brought into sub­ traditions? I do not underestimate the importance of trade. I jection? I fear it will be long before the price in blood and life know it is necessary for nations to maintain cordial relations of and treasure is fully paid for our possession. Gentlemen assure amity with other powers for purposes of mutual trade. What I them that they shall enjoy as full a measure of liberty as they are protest against is the putting of trade-commercialism, greed­ capable of. I might refer to those words of Lincoln, the greatest above other and holier things. Republican, who pointed out that those people who would pre­ As I remarked a moment ago there is no danger of lack of suc­ scribe limitations to the capability of other people of governing cess in the field of commerce and trade. Have we not grown? . themselves might have just cause to fear the loss of their own Have we not forged to the forefront? Did we not in the begin­ liberty. . ning of the war with Spain stand in the very front rank of nations But, Mr. Chairman, why have we incurred all the dangers and in trade and profitable commerce? Yet all this had been acquired embarrassments of the present policy? I have no patience with without the means which gentlemen seem to think are so essential the insincere cant we so often hear about Providence having im­ to our further progress. posed upon us an obligation to the islanders themselves and the If I had time to refer to figures they would bear me out in the rest of the world. The gentleman from Illinois was moved with statement that the course upon which we have entered is not wise, a most admirable affection for all the earth. He declared his even from considerations of trade. Our trade has increased love for the Germans, the French, but especially for the Brit­ everywhere except where we have sought to establish it by force; ish. He commended the sending of a commission to attend the there other countries have outstripped us. Under the open door coronation of England's King. He is proud that he is Anglo­ policy which we have wisely and judiciously adopted, as I main­ Saxon and that he speaks the English tongue, and so are we all, tain, in the Orient, what do we gain in commerce. Do we not I suppose. He loves the English people. But why? Because to-day stand in fair competition with the world for our trade? they are our kith and kin? Because we derive from them in a large And was not that the case before? Have we then assumed the measure our system of laws? Because of a common literature and burden of a great standing army in the Philippines, a permanent a common civilization? Because of the similarity of our institu­ military post there, which brings us naught but danger, responsi­ tions? Because out of a mass of British ore was refined the pure bility, and expense? So it seems to me that good results to none gold of American republican institutions? Perhaps these things by our unwarranted action. may all affect his mind; but he betrayed another and a more cogent Mr. Chairman, I believe that integrity between nations is just reason to the Republican mind of to-day. The real secret of his as essential as integrity among individuals, and that moral obli­ devotion lies in a matter of gain, of trade, of opportunity for gations are equally binding. There was a time when we recog­ trade, of the accumulation of profit. This it is that animates nized this troth and kept a national conscience void of offenses. the party to which he belongs at all times upon all questions. Our first century I fear must be ever our most glorious. It will It is that Great Britian purchases one-half of the things that we for all time furnish to the world-an illustrious example of what have to sell. It is in a commercial spirit that he was in love with may be attained by a people living true to the principles of a just Great Britain. and real republic. It is replete with noble deeds of national great­ Unfortunately, we have reached a time when money seems to ness, deeds which have never been surpassed and will never be be the central idea of government, as well as in the transa~tions eclipsed by the luster of achievements yet to _pome. of private life. I believe, sir, that there is a better and a higher Why shall we retrograde? Why fall back from this proud vocation than money getting. I believe that there are higher and stand and place ourselves among the contending powers of holier considerations that should enter into our hearts when we Europe in the field of militarism and colonialism, ever vying come to dispose of the great questions of state. But, even as a with each other for advantage, ever in the constant dread of money proposition, I am convinced that our Philippine venture greedy aggression, ever exposed to the danger of attack. If these is a mistake. It will furnish opportunity to the already rich to things are necessary to make of us a world power, I would have increase their fortunes, but at a heavy cost to the people. Even none of it. if it were a success, I assert that morally we have no right to I would that our country might live in harmony with the his­ turn our backs on every sacred tradition of the Republic and all tory of the past. Glorious as that has been, our history is yet the ideas we have valued in the past-principles that, as some of incomplete; there must be added to it the record of recent and of us believe, are more vitally important to us and our welfare future events. The letters will be burned deep in the tablet for than anything that may be computed in dollars and cents. future generations to read. There it will be seen that the nation There are better things than the acquisition of money, Mr. which, for a hundred years, stood for free, independent govern­ Chairman. A competency with security is more to be desired ment of its people, and asserted that principle in behalf of every than affiuence with uncertain tenure. Is there anybody who people, reached at last a time when, yielding to the seductions of doubts the capability of the American people to take care of them­ greed and rapacity, it broke faith, it violated its national obliga­ selves after our past history-to successfully compete in trade, to tions, it forgot national integrity, and plunged itself into a car­ add new luster to our fame, new strength to our constitutional nival of oppression, military vanity, and rapacious aggression. fabric, new prosperity to our people, adhering all the while to the Gentlemen ever invoke the flag. Sir, appeal to sentiment, well-recognized theories that have been at the foundation of this apostrophe to the flag, does not avail. They are not relevant. great and successful Republic? We are confronted by practical questions, involving our own CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

safety and happiness. After all, the flag is only dear to us be­ conquest of weaker nations and inferior races. You are doing it canse of its 888ociations, because of the deeds that were achieved because of your love for them. Likewise George III loved his UD.der it as the emblem of noble purpose in the hearts of the peo­ colonies, taxed them without their consent, and refused them ple. It is dear to us because it has stood for national honor and self-government. You are doing it because you have a mission integrity, for liberty and the rights of men here and elsewhere. in the world. You say they are unable to govern themselves, and Apart from that it bee mes a mere patchwork of red, white, and so you have taken a contract to do it for them. Whether they blue bunting. consent or not; whether you have any real right to do so or not; I hope, Mr. Chairman-it seems like hoping against hope-that whether the business of governing othe1· people without their we may be saved from what I consider will almost inevitably consent ia a duty imposed by divine commission or a function come to us from this great wrong. It will be advertised in the usurped for profit and partisan advantage, are questions which future history of which I spoke that the American Republic, you dare not open for discussion. These poor people beyond the acting avowedly from the spirit of humanity, inaugurated a war seas are unable to defend themselves against this great and power­ in the name of liberty and ended it by striking her to the earth-a ful nation. We have freed them from Spain, and now you seek war to give freedom to one people and deny it to another; to to rivet upon them the yoke of bondage to us. Shame upon you! set Cuba free and transfer the enslavement of the Filipinos from We went to war for a noble purpose. You have turned that war conquered Spain to ourselves. We declared solemnly by the into a base and brutal tyranny. Now be honest about it and tell resolution of the Congress that the war which we waged was a us why. You have told us because you love those benighted war in the interests of humanity and not for the sake of con­ people you are going to shoot them down. Don't try to deceive quest. We declared that the people of Cuba were and of right yourselves any longer. Be honest and tell the troth. It is not should be free and independent. And yet in the treaty of peace because you love them nor because you love your own country. we required cession of the Philippines to ourselves, to make of a It is because you lust after the fat offices which this business of people who had given us their aid to win the victory, and were governing people always provides, especially governing people as much entitled under heaven to freedom as the Cubans, our against their will. colonial subjects against their will. These are the stern facts, I beg you be honest with yourselves and with the country. You and thus will history be recorded. talk glibly about our responsibility for the government of those Mr. Chairman, I hope that Providence, whom we have reason to islands. Who imposed that responsibility upon us? You have believe has guided us throughout the past, may yet save us from a sumed it not because of any sense of duty. Thank God, duty what I believe will be a calamitous end if the policy inaugurated is a simple and primal sense of obligation. It does not require shall be persisted in. I tl"USt that the people, who have always elaborate analysis in the laboratory of politics. It is the simple been supreme in this country, will yet enforce a reversal, and de­ and sublime sense of obligation between man and man. Now, mand of their public servants a return to the simple methods of look into the faces of those people you are shooting down and the Republic. I hope that that counsel may prevail which will jus­ say whether you honestly feel that it is yolir individual duty to tify us ever in love for the flag and pride in our institutions and the go on with the shooting-down process in order to thrust your continued belief that the Republic is persistent for the preserva­ ideas upon them and force them to accept your form of govern­ tion of the liberties and happiness of the people, and that we ment. Your excuse you know is a baseless fabrication. You shall have no military post, 6ither permanent or temporary, be­ don't believe it. It is a monstrous falsehood. Furthermore, you yond our continental borders. [Prolonged applause.] have not even the flimsy, glittering excuse of national glory, for .Mr. PALMER. Mr. Chairman, I desire to say only a few words it is no glory to a giant to kick a child into the gutter. And you from the text which I now propose to quote: · have not the sordid excuse of national gain, for it has cost us Should a wise man utter vain knowledge and fill his belly with the east more than $300,000,000 and will never bring us back the three wind? Should he reason with unprofitable talk? or with speeches, where­ hundredth part of it. . with he can do no good? No. If you will be honest and frank with us you will admit Mr. Chairman! I could not well say all I wish to say in the few that you have but two reasons, and they are partisan and mer­ minutes at my disposal, and will only ask unanimous consent to cenary. You think the jingo sentiment of the country has not extend my remarks in the RECORD. yet cooled down and the doctrine of expansion is the keynote of The CH.AJRM.AN. The gentleman asks unanimous consent to commercialism, while the business of governing distant colonies extend his remarks in the RECORD. is profitable to the party in power. The pati·onage is immense, Is there objection? and you are not willing to give it up. The great Government There was no objection. contracts to furnish ships and armor and gnns and supplies for Mr. VANDIVER. 1\Ir. Chairman, on page 17 of the pending the Army and the Navy, amounting to a hundred millions a year, bill I find this item: enable you to reward your friends at the public expense, and the HILITARY POST. great fat offices furnish resting places for Administration's pets of For the establishment in the vicinity of Manila, P. I., of a military vost, high and low degree. including the construction of barracks, quarters for officers, hospital, store­ But I pass by the fat jobs in the Army and the Navy, and con­ houses, and other bnildi.n.gs, as well as w~~:ter supply, li~hting,~ sewe~!;\e, an~ drainage, necessary for the accommodation of a garrlSOn m; two f~ regi­ tent myself with pointing out a few of these soft places already ments of infantry 1 .~wo squadrons of cavalry, and two battenes of artillery, provided for civil administration. to be available until expended, $500,000. Mr. Chairman, only a short time ago the Congressional party, This seems to be the first glimpse of light that we have had on returning from the Philippines, brought us this list of salaries of the subject of the" developing policy" and the gradually unfold­ our colonial satraps, who govern the country by authority of one · ing purpose of the Republican Administration in respect to the man and fix their own salaries: domination of the United States in the Philippine Islands. Governor Taft, president of the Commission.. _____ .--·------···--··- $00,000 Mr. Chairman, it appears from this paragraph of the bill that Each of four commissoners ------·------·- 15,000 we are to have a permanent military establishment located over ~hi~~T~ti~.~~;~j~~~-:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~:~ there, military barracks and offices, costing, to begin with, a half million dollars. How much it will cost before it is finished no No wonder the gentleman from California [Mr. KAHN] was man can tell. How much before peace is fully established and able to quote this afternoon the approval of the Filipino chief our authority fully accepted, no man can measure. justice, because, drawing a salary of $7,500a year from the United Mr. Chairman, we have heard much of the Government's States Government, it is not to be supposed that he would want policy in the Philippines, which bears a striking resemblance to the job to come to an end very soon. the policy of George III in the American colonies. It is not a Six justices, two of them Filipinos------·------·-·----·------···-- $7,000 pel'IDanent policy based on established principles. It is not ru~~~::.-.-: :::_-.-::::_-.-::::.-.-::: :.-.-:::::.-:::.-.-.-:::::.-:::.-.-.-:::::::::::::: ~: ~ founded on those eternal laws of justice which our forefathers Collector of customs______------~--·------6,000 discovered and affirmed for themselves and their posterity. It is Head of department of posts ______------·------·------6, 000 merely a tentative, hesitating, and uncertain mode of procedure Chief of bureau of education ______------·------6,000 from day to day, from week to week, and year to year, not guided Right here, Mr. Chairman, I want to call attention to the fact, by any great precepts of wisdom or forethought, but only by the which seems to me to be a significant one, and by comparison, at insane desire for more power, more patronage, more land, more least, a shameful fact for us to have to face, that the commissioner gold, and more of that ephemeral and illusive phantom, the glory of education for the Philippine Islands draws a salary from this of nations. And therefore it is that gentlemen on the other side Government of $6,000 a year, while the distinguished educator of the Chamber are never willing to discuss the question and face who presides over the Bureau of Education for this great country the responsibility as statesmen should do. of ours, a man who has given his life work to the cause of educa­ Aye, gentlemen, you run away from the issue. You cover it tion and whose distinction in his profession is recognized in every up with honeyed phrases; you exalt it to the skies and hang it civilized country in the world, draws a salary only halt as large. upon the rainbow. Then, when we ask you to define it and de­ Up to September 1last Governor Taft was receiving a. salary of fend it you take refuge in those very same metaphors of mist and $12,000 a year with $15 per diem for incidental expenses, I suppose. doubt with which kings and tyrants in all ages have justified their Mr. SHAFROTH. Subsistence. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. 847

Mr. VANDIVER. Subsistence, I presume, as my friend from they have undertaken to conquer, I place the words of Henry Colorado has suggested, and what perquisites besides that I am Clay. On this very point Henry Clay once said: unable to discover from the report; but at any rate at that date It is the doctrine of thrones that man is too ignorant to govern hlmself. his salary was fixed at $5,000 as a commissioner and $15,000 addi- Their partisans assert his incapacity in reference to all nations; if they can tional as the head of a bureau. not command universal assent to the proposition, it is then demanded to · · d $15 000 particular nations; and our pride and our presumption, too, often make con- Think of it, gentlemen, 5,000 as a commiSsloner an , verts of us. I contend that 1t is to arraign the disposition of Providence him- additional as the head of a bureau! "A bureau chief" fixing his self to suppose that He has created beings incapable of governing themselves own salarv! Accordingly, he is now receiving a salary of $20,000 and to be trampled on by kings. Self-government is the natural govern- a year. " ment of man. His other colleagues on the Commission also receive salaries of But these people are not ignorant. You falsify the record $5,000 a year each as members of the Commission and $10,000 aB when you say so. The1·e is a smaller per cent of illiteracy in the heads of bureaus. Their compensation, therefore, amounts to a island of Luzon than in some of the States of this Union. total of $15,000 annually. George III charged the American colonists with being ignorant Not a great while ago a number of members of this House, frontiersmen when Patrick Henry thundered defiance at his members on both sides of the Chamber, visited the Philippine throne, and so it has ever been. Islands, and came back, and some of them have given us S?me The whole history of the world teaches us that colonial govern­ valuable information. I desire to refer to one or two things ment has always been in the end and finally not fo1· the benefit of which have leaked out. the governed, but for the benefit of the governors. You hav-e not gone into the business of governing because you want to confer a While Governor Taft is recognized as a man of ability no one special benefit upon the people you are subjugating to your au- will attempt to justify the policy of allowing him and his col- th ·ty b t be th · fit· th b · Th b · lea~es to fix their own salaries. He is doubtless able and indus- on ' u cause ere 18 pro m e usmess. e usmess ·., , ~. · g soft of governing the world has largely for the last century, dev-olved trious, b u this co lle agues on that Co mmlOOLOn are occupym G B ·ta· d I ll tte ti t th f t th t to- laces-mere sinecures. But even if they were the ablest and best upon reat n m; an ca your a n on e ac a p day Great Britain's government in India is °a government of men in the country they should not be allowed to vote money out tyranny and robbery from beginning to end. . of the general Treasury, nor out of the revenues of the islands for English landlords, speculators, and bondholders and Govern- their own salaries. ment appointees to-day draw 8150,000,000 a year from India. Talk Mr. Worcester, of the Commission, is said to be drawing his to me about English rule fostering intelligence as a vindication of salary (815,00) chiefly for writing about bugs. the colonial system in India! I point you to the fact that there Writing about bugs~ ~e Philippines on a salary of $5,000,_ as are 70,000,000 people in India who can neither read nor write; a United States Conumss10ner, and .10,000 more as a bugologiSt, the taxes of India are swallowed up in Government official sala­ making books which will probably still further increase his ries and the payment of interest to English bondholders, while revenues. only 3 pence per child is distributed for education. I point you Mr. Moses is the nominal head of the educational bureau but the man who to the further fact that while India has year after year continued does the work is F. M. Atkinson, formerly of Boston, and Sllperintendent of to suffer more from famine and oppression English landlords have education, at $6,

No; our mouths are closed as a nation because we are engaged and the board sent its vaccinators to all outlying towns and villages for the purpose of vaccinating every inhabitant. · in the same kind of business; and this is the reason why this Con­ Records of these vaccinations were not returned except from the town of gress is not allowed to offer the assistance nor even the sympathy Malabon . After the dispersion of the Filipino army, as the country became of our Government to the struggling patriots in that unhappy opened up, the military surgeons in every district, under the direction of the chief surgeon's office, began the va-ccination of the inhabitants, and the out­ land. No, gentlemen, you must blot out the whole history of put of "the vaccine farm had to be largely increased, as is shown in the at­ colonization before you can defend the course you have entered tached table. This increase was made with little additional expense and upon. [Applause on Democratic side.] every demand for vaccine virus was prom~tly met. When the present wet season is over, and this subject of vaccination in the provinces is vigorously [Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania addressed the committee. See taken hold of and carried on until every person in these islands has been vac­ cinated and revaccinated, the vaccine station will be prepared to furnish the Appendix.] necessary amount of virus. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Mr. Chairman, I ask, for the in­ LEPROSY. formation of the House, unanimous consent to print in the REC­ Leprosy was introduced here in 16&J. The Emperor of Japan sent a ship with 150 lepers as a present to be cared for by the Catholic priests. These ORD the report of the surgeon in charge of health of Manila city. lepers were allowed to land, and as no practical methods were ever adopted I have been asked a great deal about it. . to eradicate the disease or prevent its spread, it steadily increased, until now, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unan­ according to the estimates of the Franciscan Fathers, there are not less than 00,00> lep(l~ in the archipelago, the larger number being in the Visayas. imous consent to print in the RECORD the report of the surgeon Under the Spanish regime the order of the Franciscans had charge of the at Manila. Is that the gentleman's request? charity work among the lepers. Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Yes, sir. Several hospitals and asylums were built, the largest of w hich San Lazaro Hospital, is located in Manila and has a capacity for 400 patients.1 When a Mr. CANNON. How long is it? house-to-house inspection was irumgurated last January more than 100 lepers Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. Well, the particular table is very were found concealed in houses, and were sent to San Lazaro Hospital. Many short. The report covers about three pages of this small book. others escaped into the surrounding country. The necessity of the segrega­ tion and isolation of the lepers on one of the islands was early recognized and The CHAIRMAN. The report to cover not to exceed three agitated by the board of health. As soon as the conditions _permitted, the printed pages? authorities appointed a commission to select a suitable island or islands for Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I did not say that. This covers this purpose, and to present plans and estimates of buildings and to formu­ about three pages. late the necessary regulations. This commission is now engaged in this work, The CHAIRMAN. What does the gentleman desire? BUBONIC PLAGUE. :Mr. GAINES of Tennessee. I desire to print the entire report, The·first case of plague in this city of which we have any knowledge oc­ curred in No. U, Calle Legaspi, Intramuros. On December 29, 1899, there which covers about three pages, and this table covering another was a death in this house, the diagnosis on the death certificate being typhoid page. fever. Two days later, December 31, a second death was reported from the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani­ same house, with a similar diagnosis. These two -cases died without medical attendance, and the diagnosis was made by the municipal physician after mous consent to print as indicated in the RECORD. Is there ob­ death. On January 2 a. boy was removed from this house to the San Juan jection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. de Dios Hospital, having been taken sick the day ~revious, and the notifica­ The report is as follows: tion required in cases of infectious diseases reached this office on the 2d, the HEADQUARTERS PROVOST-MARSHAL-GENERAL, diagnosis being typhoid fever. OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH, Assistant Surgeon Calvert and myself visited this boy at the hospital and Manila, P. I., Julv 31, 11JOO. found him pre~Jenting the clinical aspect of plague. The inflamed gland was in the left femoral group; it was about the size of a pigeon's egg and ve~ The ACTING ADJUT.lliT-GENERAL, PROVOST-MARSHAL-GENERAL, tender to the tQuch. The boy was at once removed to the pest hospita Manila, P. I. which, in anticipation of an increase of smallpox, had been constructed o Sm: In obedience to your letter of July 26, I have the honor to make the tents, as the authorities had decided that the state of the public funds did not following re~ort on the work of the board of health of the city of Manila. justify the expenditure necessary to erect a. pest hospital. On January 3 two My duties With the board of health were pursuant to the following orders: cases were discovered at No. 8 Calle Legaspi, on the 6th one case at No.6 Special Orders, N o.181, paragraJ.>h 10, Headquarters Department of the Pacific Legaspi; on the 13th, two more cases at No.8 Legaspi. The accompanying and Eighth Army Corps, Mamla, P. I., July 5, 1899, and Special Orders, No. map shows in detail the sequence of plague cases and the streets and d.i.& 142, para.graph 5, Headq_uarters Provost-.Marshal-General. Manila, P. I., July tricts in which the-:y occurred. Bacteriological examinations and culture 31, 1899. Before receivmg the first order I was taken aown with typhoid growths were made m nearly all cases . . A report of this work, with a descrip­ fever, and had a relapse a few days after complying with the second, so that tion of the clinical features of the plague as 1t appears here, will be made by my duties with the board of health really bega.n on August 26, 1899. Assistant Surgeon Calvert. . The medical personnel of the board for the past year has been as follows: The methods adopted to control and to eradicate the disease were: Lieut. William J. Calvert, assistant surgeon, U.S. A., in addition to his (1) The prompt detection and isolation of plague cases. other duties as regimental surgeon, Sixth United States Artillery, and at­ (2) Removal of persons who had been in close communication with an tending surgeon to the prisoners of war, was assigned to duty on the board infected case to the suspect wards at the hospital. . of health J ul:y 31, 1899. He was relieved from his other duties January 7, 1900, (3) Removal of all other inmates in the infected houses to the detention and besides directing the bacteriological department of the municipallabora.­ wards at the hospital, or quarantining such inmates in the house for fourteen tory has had charge of the plague hospital. Capt. Charles Lynch, assistant surgeoD:t U.S. A., reported for duty with daffj Thorough disinfection and redisinfection of the house, its contents, and the board December 24, 1899; Maj. Ira C. Brown, surgeon, U.S. V., January inmates; clothing and bedding disinfected by steam. All articles that could 9, 1900; Acting Asst. Surg. Julius C. Le Hardy, U.S. A., Januari 26, and Act­ not be thoroughly disinfected were burned. ing Asst. Surg. Harry L. Gilchrist, June 16, 1!Ul, the latter relieving Major 5 ) The inspection of all dead bodies of Chinese. Brown, who had been ordered for temporary duty with the transport Han­ 6) The distribution of rat poison in all houses by the inspectors themselves. rock. During the temporary absence of Assistant Surgeon Calvert in Japan 7) The disposition of the dead. Cremation principally. Onaccountof the in March and April, Acting Asst. Surg. Joseph J. Curry U.S. A., conducted religious~ preJudices of the Chinese, their dead, the coffins filled with disin­ the bacteriological department, made all autopsies, and rendered valuable fectants and quicklime, were buried in the "plague -plot." service in other ways. To carry out the first provision, a house-to-house inspection was inau~­ Dr. C. H. Pardo-Tavera and Dr. Ariston Bautista Lim, both of Manila, have rated at once. This is still continued in certain sections of the city. W1th been honorary members of the board of health since its organization in Sep­ the assistance of Major Tiernan, chief of police, a corps of 100 ~tors was tember, 1898. organized within thirty-six hours. These inspectors were Filipmos, for the As originally organized, the city had ten districts, with eight municipal most part medical students. It was im_possible toobtain soldiers for inspect­ midwives, and for each district a native physician, whose duties are to attend ors. The cicy was divided into 10 diStricts and each district into 3 sub­ the indigent sick, report unsanitary conditions and infectious diseases, and districts, a.nd mstructions and regulations, written in Spanish, were furnished investigate and give certificates of death to all cases that have died without each inspector. Ambulances and carts for carrying disinfectants were pro­ medical attendance. By the extension of the city limits to Pandacan and vided. Santa Ana a new district was created, which was provided with a physician, This force, on January 9,1900, was turned over to Maj. Ira C. Brown, sur­ a native of the district. geon, United States Volunteers, and under the direction of that energetic Besides the general functions belonging to a board of health in supervis­ and efficient officer did excellent service, much better than we had hoped ing all works and conditions affecting the public health, the board had gen­ for. No one who has not been in close touch with an Eastern city and the eral supervision over the charitable institutions, prisons, and venereal hos­ mode of life of its inhabitants can realize what a sanitarian has to wrestle pital, and the direct control of the vaccine farm, municipal-laboratories with in this country. The density of population and the consequent over­ (bacteriological-chemical, which the board organized), free dispensary, hos­ crowding in the city is a~palling, and if it continues is sure to bring disaster. pitals for leprosy, smallpox, and bubonic plague, and much other work that Major Brown, in connection with his sanitary inspectors, utilized the fire de­ the individual members were from time to time called upon to do. partment to clean a la1·gepartof the city. All drams were opened and flushed, REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS, MARRIA.GES, AND DEATHS. the interiors and rears of houses were cleaned and whitewashed, and an im­ mense amount of other work was accomplished by this officer. At the same The department of registration of births, marriages, and deaths in former time the regular sanitary department was doing its usual g-ood work. times was in charge of parochial priests. The board has endeavored t() keep For the prompt detection of plague cases among the Chinese and the pre­ these records, but it only ~retends to accuracy in the record of deaths. It vention of concealed cases much is due to the Chinese consul and Mr. Palanca. also required the registration of physicians, pharmacists, and dentist~ prac­ ticing in their professions. It was with some difficulty that the supermtend­ The latter is espec~lly influential amon~ his coun~en from Amoy. At ents of the parochial cemeteries could be prevented from interrmg bodies his insta.nce the Chinese merchants furnished from their own numb-3r 40 m­ without a burial permit and make the weekly return of burials required. spectors, who made daily house-to-house inspections in the Chinese districts, After a clear understanding of the necessity of these requirements the regu­ and I do not believe that any case of sickness escaped them. This work was continued for nearly two months at their own expense. The Chinese also bu1lt lations were complied with. a pest hospital for the care of their own people, and have paid all its running A municipal dispensary, where the indigent sick can obtain medicines free ex:pen..c:es. Acting Assistant Surgeon Le Hardy, a very energetic and capa­ of cost~ has been in opera. tion since December, 1899; nevertheless, the majority ble young officer, was assigned to duty in the Chinese district, and every of birtns and deaths occur without medicines or medical attendance. Chinaman dead of any disea.se was inspected by him. The disease bas been VACCINATION AND SMALLPOX. confined almost entirely to the native and Chinese populations. Only two The board continued the work of vaccination and revaccination begun by white men have contracted the disease. These were teamsters in the quar­ Major Bourne. The result of this work is shown in the table of mortality t.Qrmaster's corral. statistics. For the nine months from October\ 1899, to July, 1900, there were The first of these cases was re~orted on the night of May 20 from one of 7 deaths in this city from smallpox; whereas m tP-e month of March alone, the military hospitals as a suspicious case and was removed to the pest hos­ in 1899 there were 75 deaths from this disease. The ad,.ioined table shows pital, where he died the next day, May 21. The autopsy and culture growths the nillnber of vaccinations by months. This work was done under difficul­ proved it to be a case of plaJrie. The second case occurred i];l the bunk house ties, as the authorities thought it a.!fvisable J?.Ot to permit forcible~aec:ina.­ of the corral on May '.ri. This case recovered. There were more than 400 em· tion. Many cases of smallpox came mto the City from the country distncts, ployees in a.nd a. bout this corral. Two hundred a.nd forty of them slept in 1902: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 849 one bunk house, made of nipa and bamboo. Few of them paid any attention .Amount of vaccine virus furnished by board of health of Manila, etc.-Cont'd. to personal hygiene, and their surroundings were miserable. Every condi­ tion, except famine, favorable to an outbreak of disease among these people Armyand Natives. Total by was present. Month. Navy. months. That no outbreak did occur is due to the prompt and efficient methods I adopted, which were carried out under the personal supervision and direction of Assistant Surgeon Lynch, who, here as elsewhere, proved himself to be a. 1900. willing and capable officer. No infection occurred in our forces handling January------_------____ ------21,700 5, 800 27,500 cases of plague, either in or out of the hospital. The opinion I have formed February------:______24,020 36,900 60,920 <;>fplague from the experience of the past six months is that little difficulty March ______------_------16,590 129,140 145,700 will be experienced in controlling it in any intelligent community with mod­ April ____ ------8,200 137,910 146,140 ern sanitary conditions. The board made early application to the govern­ May------8,310 102,000 ll0,410 ment laboratories in Bombay for Ha.ffkin's vaccme .material. Some was also June------6,180 73,660 79,840 obtained from the marine-hospital surgeon, who has a~o recently received ~------1 ------11 ------some Yersin serum. It is almost impossible without force to use the Haffkin Total units. __ ------______ll5,450 506,580 622,000 vaccination on Chinese or natives. A thorough test has not been given either the Haffkin or the Yersin serum, but we have not been favorably im_pressed with either. Dr. Calvert at a later date will make a full report on this sub­ Report of the nmnbe1· of vaccinations in Manila and suburbs, .Presidio, Bilibid, ject, also on his own work in this line. and Malabon, fmm July 1, 1899, to June SO, 1900. I can not speak in too high terms of the absolute fearlessness energy, and cheerful cooperation of every medical officer associated witn1 me in this Manila work and of the faithful and efficient services of Acting Hospital Steward Month. and Presidio. Billbid. Malabon. Total, by Thomas MeL. Van WyckandPrivateJames F. Behan, Hospital Corps, Unit;?-1. suburbs. months. States Army, who have been on duty with the board of health. Very resp3Ctfully, GUY L. EDIE, 1899. Major and Surgeon, U. 8. V., President Board of Health. 9,148 4,167 13,315 i~kt·~===~~~======.15,023 15,023 September ______8,297 8,297 .Amount of vaccine virus fttritished by the board of health of Manila, P. L, to October. ______------6,159 6 159 the .Army and Navy of the United States and to the native inhabitants of the 6'371 archipelago outside of the city of Manila, fmm July 1, 1899, to June 30, 1900. November------­ 5,588 December------4,628 5:146 Army and Total by Month. Navy. Natives. months. 1900. January------5,084 ------5,084 February------!,~ ------3,04£ 7,501 1899. March ______---- 7 , U\kJ ------_ ----- _ ------5,143 12,148 July------6,520 700 7,2ro ApriL______16,036 ------5,576 21,612 August ____ ---- ______---- ____ ------___ _ 3,00 3,720 6,870 May------8,437 ------8,4.37 5,200 3,ll0 8,340 June------.--- 5,561 ------·------5,551 ~~~:;.~~=~~ ~:======~=====~ ======-- ==== 6, 720 4,310 ll,OO TotaL ... ______l ---96-,-621- :~----31-8- l----7-83-! ---17-,-932- ll ·--ll-4,-654- November------______------2,830 7,070 9,900 December------5,900 2,200 8,100

Record of mortality by months, October, 1899-Jttne, 1900. [Population estimated from 350,000 to 666,000 ]

>d ~ ~ ~ ~ Number of deaths from- t ...... . ttl Remarks. Q) ~ mo '0 a~ otil ~I» 0 Q) ~~ J-td ~ OQ) ~ m 0~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ J-t.~ $ g;: .Q ~ ... 2 ci! Q) ~ ;!:::..., ;!::: 111 ;a .g @ 111 !:~ 5;a ~ a ~ (I) ::sA A A 8 ~ ~ o 8 ~ ~ A ~ 8 rn ...:1 ~ ~ 1899. ,-----1------1------

)ctober _____ 942 242 1,184 224 900 450 65 551 29 72 60 4 0 8 0 0 72 Chinese not borne on record; carried as without medical at­ tendance. November__ 1,000 145 1,~ 'liJ7 1,028 515 100 100 34 136 100 2 1 6 0 0 78 Chine e not borne on record; carried as without medical at­ tendance. Oecember __ 1,092 70 1,162 232 502 ll5 143 36 157 72 0 13 0 0 62 Chinese not borne on record; carried as without medical at­ tendance. 1900. January ____ 1,055 0 1,055 ~ 720 396 126 121 56 126 75 2 3 7 2 21 Chinese regularly borne on rec-- ord from January 15, 15. February ___ 884 0 884 315 569 344 ll9 71 46 131 83 6 2 4 1 (/) Chinese, 80. March------887 0 887 002 585 371 128 38 43 1.00 68 5 1 3 1 61 Chinese, 72. ~riL ______805 0 805 262 542 354 126 ?:/ 00 ll9 61 6 0 1 0 4:2 Chinese, 63. 724 0 724 ~ 486 344 119 17 00 100 66 8 0 2 0 14 Chinese, 34. J~e-::=:==== 599 0 599 181 418 lm 91 10 34 102 45 4 0 2 0 12 Chinese, 35. ------;------46 4 180 TotaL 8,

Mr. CANNON. Mr. Chairman, I move that the committee do tinning order after the disposition of the urgent deficiency bill now rise. until disposed of, not to interfere with bills from the Committee The motion was agreed to. on Appropriations, Ways and Means, or conference reports. Is The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re­ there objection? sumed the chair, Mr. SHERMAN, Chairman of the Committee of Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I think we had better not the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported that that do that at present. I shall object to it at present. committee had had under consideration the bill H. R. 9315, and The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman object? had come to no resolution thereon. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I do, at present. WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee objects. By unanimous consent, leave was granted to Mr. CANNON to ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. withdraw from the files of the House, without leaving copies, Mr. WACHTER, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported the papers in the case of Robert M. Gardner, Fifty-sixth Con­ that they had examined and found truly enrolled bill of the fol­ gress, no adverse report having been made thereon. lowing title; when the Speaker signed the same: FREE HOMESTEADS. H. R. 3239. An act providing- for the free transportation of all mail matter sent by Mrs. Ida S. McKinley. Mr. JONES of Washington. :Mr. Speaker, I desire to ask unanimous consent that the bill (H. R. 159) providing for free HAMILTON H. BLUNT. homesteads on the public lands for actual and bona-fide settlers Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I submit the following privileged in the north one-half of the Colville Indian Reservation, State of report from 'the Committee on Military Affairs. Washington, and reserving the public lands for that purpose, be The SPEAKER. The ·gentleman from Iowa submits the fol­ made q, continuing order after the conclusion of the consideration of lowing privileged report, which the Clerk will read. the urgent deficiency bill, and continue until disposed of, reserv­ The Clerk read as follows: ing the consideration of appropriation bills and privileged matters. Resolved, That the Secretary of War oo, and he is hereby, directed to trans­ mit t;o the H~~ a copy _of all records and papers bearmg upon the court­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Washington asks unani­ martial and nnlitaryserv1cesof Hamilton H. Blunt, late captain, Forty-ninth mous consent that the bill (H. R. 159) be made a special and con- United States Volunteer Infantry. XXXV-54 850 CON.GRESSIONAL REC(JRD-HOUSE. JANUARY 21,

The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred House resolu­ tion No. 89, report the same back to the House with the recommendation that A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims. trans­ it do lay on thetable. You-r committee, afte-r carefully considering the afore­ mitting a copy of the findings filed by the court in the 'case of said resolution, can not see any reason why the SecretaryQf Wa1· should be E. S. Ripley, administrator of estate of DavidS. Ripley, against directed to transfer to the House a copy of all records and papers bearing the United States-to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered upon a military court-martial. If a. bill should come before this committee touching upon this com·t-martia.l, the Secretary of War would be called upon to be printed. for such information as he could furnish. A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ Mr. HULL. Mr. Speaker, I ask for a vote~ mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the Frenoh The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the report of spoliation cases relatingtothe schooner Mary, Tilley Wentworth, the committee to lay the resolution on the table. master, against the United States-to the Committee on War Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I would like Claims, and ordered to be printed. to ask the gentleman who intJ.·oduced the resolution? A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a Mr. HULL. It was introduced by the gentleman from Maine copy of a communication from the Secretary of War submitting [Mr. ALLEN], I think. It is a resolution the like of which has an estimate of appropriation for reconstruction of Fort Hamilton, never been passed by the House. If the Committee on Military New York Harbor-to the Committee on Appropriations, and Affairs should have a bill before the committee demanding an in­ ordered to be printed. vestigation of the record of this man, it could call for and secure A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ full information. mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French The question was taken; and the motion was agreed to. spoliation cases relating to-the schooner Esther, William Hooker, On motion of Mr. HULL, a motion to reconsider the vote by master, against the United States-to the Committee on War which the resolution was laid on the table was laid on the table. Claims, and ordered to be printed. A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ URGENT DEFICIENCY BILL. mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all spoliation cases relating to the schooner Clarissa, Benjamin general debate may close on the urgent deficiency bill in the Com­ Raynes, master, against the United States-to the Committee on mittee of the Whole at 1 o'clock to-morrow. · War Claims, and ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois asks unanimous A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ consent that all general debate on the urgent deficiency bill be mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French closed at 1 o'clock to-morrow. spoliation cases relating to the brig Sabatus, Samuel :Moulston, Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, before that master, against the United States-to the Committee on War consent is given, I will ask the gentleman how he will divide the Claims, and ordered to be printed. remainder of the time? A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims trans­ Mr. CANNON. That side of the House has had three-quarters mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French of the time and there is a gentleman on this side of the House spoliation cases relating to the schooner Good Intent, Hagard who desires an hour. Powers, master, against the United States-to the Committee on Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. That will mean simply Claims, and ordered to be printed. giving the gentleman one hour to close, and then we would not A letter from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ have any time to reply. I do not know what the gentleman de­ mitting a copy of the conclusions of fact and law in the French sires to talk about. spoliation cases relating to the ship Governor Bowdoin, Daniel Mr. CANNON. I do not think there is a desire for further de­ Oliver, master, against the United States-to the Committee on bate, from what.the chairman of the committee indicated to me. Claims, and ordered to be printed. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I donot want ordinarily to make an objection except there be some reason for it, but I would REPORTS OF COMMITTE.ES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND not like to yield and allow some gentleman to have the close, and RESOLUTIONS. take the floor for an hour and give us no possible time for reply. Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, bills and resolutions were severally I do not know what he is going to talk about. He may be going reported from committees, delivered to the Clerk, and referred to to make some partisan or political speech, and therefore I shall the several Calendars therein named, as follows: have to object. Mr. CORLISS, from the Committee on Election of President, Mr. STEELE. It is my colleague from Indiana [Mr. WATSON]. Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress, to which was Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I have no objection to referred the House joint resolution (H. J. Res. 41) proposing an making it 2 o'clock and give us an hour. amendment to the Constitution providing for the election of Sena­ :Mr. CANNON. I have no objection to further debate. If any­ tors of the United States, reported the same with amendments, one desires additional time, I would be inclined to meet the de­ accompanied by a report (No. 125); which said bill and report mand. were referred to the House Calendar. · Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I do not object to you tak­ Mr. SHERMAN, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign ing an hour~ but we ought to have an hour on this side, if de­ Commerce, to_which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. sired, and I suggested that the gentleman make it 2 o clock to 8761) to declare the international railway bridge over the St. close debate instead of 1. Lawrence River near Hogansbm·g, N. Y., a lawful structure, Mr. CANNON. I expect it had better go over until to-mon-ow, reported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report and then we will see if it is desired. I move that the House do (No. 126); which said bill and report were referred to the House now adjourn. Calendar. The motion was agreed to; and accordingly (at 5 o'clock and Mr. SHACKLEFORD, from the Comrillttee on Interstate and 10 minutes p. m.) the House adjourned. Foreign Commerce, to which was refened the bill of the Senate (S. 74) to authorize the Southern Missomi and Arkansas Railroad EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. Company to build a b1idge across the Current River in Arkansas, Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, the following executiye com­ reported the same without amendment, accompanied by a report munications were taken from the Speaker's table and referred as (No. 127); which said bill and report were referred to the House follows: - Calendar. A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy Mr. FLETCHER, from the Committee on Interstate and For­ of a·communication from the Secretary of Agriculture submit­ eign Commerce, to which was referred the bill of the House ting an estimate of deficiency appropriation for Department of (H. R. 6300) to provide for the erection of a dwelling for the Agriculture-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered keeper of the light-house at Kewaunee, Wis., reported the same to be printed. . with amendment, accompanied by a report (No.128); which said A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy bill and report were referred to the Committee of the Whole House of a communication from the Secretary of the Navy submitting on the state· of the Union. an estimate of deficiency appropriation for "Contingent, Ma1·ine ~fr. JENKINS, from the Committee on the District of Colum­ Corps "-to the Committee on Appropriations, and or(lered to be bia, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 8336) to printed. amend section 3 of chapter 480 of the laws of the United States, A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy approved June 23,1874, reported the same without amendment, of a communication from the Secretary of the Interior submit­ accompanied by a report (No. 132); which said bill and report ting an estimate of deficiency appropriation for Geological Sur­ were referred to the House Calendar. vey-to the Committee on Appropriatiom, and ordered to be Mr. NORTON, from the Committee on the District of Colum­ printed. bia, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 8759) to A letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a copy require cases of typhoid fever occurring in the District of Colum­ of a communication from the Secretary of War submitting an bia to be reported to the health department of said District, re­ estimate of deficiency appropriation for shooting galleries and ported the same with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. ranges-to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be 129); which said bill and report were refen-ed to the House printed. Calendar. 1902 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 851

Mr. TOMPKINS of Ohio, from the Committee on Interstate He also, from the same committee, to which was referred the and Foreign Commerce, to which was referred the bill of the bill of the House (H. R. 6684) granting an increase of pension to 'Senate (S. 646) for the purchase or construction of a launch for Marshall Bachelder reported the same with amendment, accom­ the customs service at and in the vicinity of Astoria, Oreg., re­ panied by a report (No. 117); which said bill and report were re­ ported the same with amendment! accompanied by a report (No. ferred to the Private Calendar. 130); which said bill and report were referred to the Committee Mr. SAMUEL W. SMITH, from the Committee on Invalid of the Whole House on the state of the Union. Pensions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 1939) MI·. KEHOE, from the Committee on War Claims, to which granting an increase of pension to Penrose W. Reagan, reported was refeiTed the House joint resolution (H. J. Res. 96) in rela­ the same with amendments, accompanied by a report (No. 118); tion to the claim of the State of Kentuc1..-ry against the Govern­ which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. ment of the United States, reported the same without amend­ Mr. APLIN, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to which ment, accompanied by a report (No. 121); which said bill and was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 5753) granting a pen­ report were refArred to the Committee of the Whole House on sion to Emil Frank, reported the same with amendments, accom­ the state of the Union. panied· by a report (No. 119); which said bill and report were re­ ferred to the Private Calendar. Mr. C.ALDERHEAD, from the Committ~e on Invalid Pensions, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 6720) granting RESOLUTIONS. an increase of pension to George Patterson, rep01·ted the same Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, private bills and resolutions were with amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 120); which severally reported from committees, delivered to the Clerk, and said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. refened to the Committee of the Whole House, as follows: Mr. MIERS of Indiana, from the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Mr. HAUGEN, from the Comri:tittee on War Claims, to which sions, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 6465) was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2672) for the relief of granting an increase of pension to Samuel Briscoe, reported the B. F. Moody & Co., or their legal representatives, reported the same with amendments, accompanied by a report (No. 121); same without amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 104); which said bill and re:ROrt were referred to the Private Calendar. which said bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. Mr. NORTON, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to .· Mr. CALDWELL, from the Committee on War Clai.IrLs, to which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 5315) granting a which was referred House bill 9380, reported in lieu thereof a pension to Orrin J. Wells. reported the same with amendments, ac­ resolution (H. Res. 100) referring to the Court of Clai.IrLs the pa­ companied by a report (No. 122); which said bill and report were pers in the case of Sarah GriBson, accompanied by a report (No. referred to the Private Calendar. 105); which said resolution and report were referred to the Private Mr. CALDERHEAD, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, Calendar. to which was referred'the bill of the House (H. R. 5259) granting Mr. KEHOE, from the Committee on War Claims, to which an increa-se of pension to Gustave Schwartz. report~d the same was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 288) for the relief · of with amendment, accompanied by a report (No.123); which said the Christian Church of Henderson, Ky., reported the same with bill and report were referred to the Private Calendar. amendments, accompanied by a report (No. 106); which said bill Mr. CROWLEY, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to and report were referred to the Private Calendar. which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 5860) granting Mr. MIERS of Indiana, from the Committee on Invalid Pen­ an increase of pension to Edward B. Scott, reported the same with sions~ to which was referred the bill of the Senate (S. 1199) grant­ amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 124); which said bill ing a pension to Mary A. Lamb, reported the same without and report were referred to the Private Calendar. amendment, accompanied by a report (No. 107); which said bill and report were refeiTed to the Private Calendar. CHANGE OF REFERENCE. Mr. GIBSON, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, committees were discharged from which was referred the bill of the House (H. R. 2628) granting a the consideration of the following bills; which were thereupon pension to Andrew Mulholland, reported the same with amend- referred as follows: ment, accompanied by a report (No. 108); which said bill and re- ·A bill (H. R. ) granting an increase of pension to Kate port were referred to the Private Calendar. 9312 Mr. DARRAGH, rrom the Committee on Invalid Pensions, to Virginia Dewey Cushing-Committee on Invalid Pensions dis- which was I'eferred the bill of the House (H. R. 2617) granting an charged, and referred to the Committee on l>ensions. increase ofpensiontoJohnRapple,reportedthesamewithamend- .A bill (H.. R. 6018) gra:r:ting a.pensi?n to Lue Emma McJun­ ment, accompanied by a report (No. 109); which said bill and kin-Conu~nttee on Inv~lid Pensions discharged, and referred to report were refe1Ted to the Private Calendar. the C

Also, a bill (H. R. 9733) increasing the pension of Samuel J. Also, a bill (H. R. 9776) granting an increase of pension to Stone--to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Alice A. Fitch-ro the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9734) increasing the pension of John P. Also, a bill (H. R. 9777) for the relief of Helen F. Lasher-ro Peterman-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the Committ-ee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a "Qill (H. R. 9735) increasing the pension of Francis H. Also, a bill (H. R. 9778) for the relief of PeterS. Burke--ro the Churchill-to the Committee on Pensions. Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. HOOKER: A bill (H. R. 9736) for the relief of Mary Also, a bill (H. R. 9779) for the relief of Mrs. MargaretHayes­ Ann Jackson-to the Committee on War Claims. ro the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. IRWIN: A bill (H. R. 9737) granting an increase of pen­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9780) for the relief of Lucy M. Cleveland- sion to Michael McCarty-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ro the Committee on Pensions. _ By Mr. JOY: A bill (H. R. 9738) granting an increase of pension Also, a bill (H. R. 9781) to remove the charge of desertion from to Sister Mary Vincent-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the military record of Benjamin L. Gorsuch-to the Committee By 1\fr. KAHN: A bill (H. R. 9739) granting a pension to Wil­ on Military Affairs. liam Cassidy-to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9782) to remove charge of desertion from the Also, a bill (H. R. 9740) granting an increase of pension to Dr. military record of Charles Williams-to the Committee on Military George B. Tolman-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Affairs. By Mr. KYLE: A bill (H. R. 9741) granting an increase of Also, a bill (H. R. 9783) to remove charge of desertion from the pension to Henry C. Worley-to the Commitee on Invalid Pensions. military record of John O'Mara-to the Committee on Military . By Mr. McLACHLAN: A bill (H. R. 9742) granting a pension Affairs. to Edwin R. Fox-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9784) to remove the charge of desertion now Also, a bill (H. R. 9743) granting a pension to Dr. H. H. May­ standing against Phillip Hahn-to the Committee on Military nard-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9744) granting a pension to Harriet E. Carr Also, a bill (H. R. 9785) to pay John H. Lillie six months' in­ -to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. terest coupons, and so forth-to the Committee on Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 9745) granting an increase of pension to Dr. Also, a bill (H. R. 9786) authorizing restoration of Edward M. John McCoy-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. McCook to United States Army as first lieutenant of cavalry-to Also, a bill (H. R. 9746) granting a pension to Reuben Barn­ the Committee on Military Affairs. hart-to the Committee. on Invalid Pensions . . Also, a bill (H. R. 9787) to authorize the payment of moneys Also, a bill (H. R. 9747) granting a pension to William A. P. due John J. Gosper-to the Committee on Claims. Fellows-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MANN: A bill (H. R. 9788) granting a pension to Mrs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9748) granting a pension to Eliza C. Lay­ Alice Asbury AbbOtt-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. cock-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MAYNARD: A bill (H. R. 9789) for the relief of Also, a bill (H. R. 9749) granting a pension to John Kirk, alias James A. Johnston-to the Committee on Claims. Charles Byrne-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MIERS of Indiana: A bill (H. R. 9790) granting an in­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9750) granting a pension to Mary E. Dean-=. crease of pension to Mathias T. Hamilton-to the Committee on to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9751) granting a pension to Charles E. Col­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9791) granting an increase of pension to ton-to the Committee on Pensions. John Reep-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9752) granting a pension to Henry Hinck­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9792) granting an increase of pension to ley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Charles McCarty-ro the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9753) granting a pension to Lucie Place--to By Mr. MOODY of North Carolina: A bill (H. R. 9793) granting the Committee on Invalid Pensions. a pension to James F. Mace--to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. U754) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 1)794) granting a pension to Zebulon A. Ship­ Jonas Olmstead-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. man-to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9755) granting an increase of pension to Capt. Also, a bill (H. R. 9795) granting an increase of pension to Lemuel Rossiter-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Hiram Rice-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9756) granting an increase of pension to Mary Also, a bill (H. R. 9796) for the relief of William I. Penland­ M. Price-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9757) granting an increase of pension to Mrs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9797) to correct the military record of James S. A. Rickey-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. A. Stewart-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9758) granting an increase of pension to By Mr. MORRE.LL: A bill (H. R. 9798) granting a pension to George H. Phar-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Louisa Baumgard-to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9759) grantinganincreaseofpension to James Also, a bill (H. R. 9799) granting a pension to Mary Murphy­ H. Prettyman-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9760) granting an increase of pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 9800) granting an increase of pension to J. M. Kiehl-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Robert B. Paul-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9761) granting an increase of pension to Hen­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9801) removing the charge of desertion from rietta J. Hazel-to the Committee on Invalid Peru;ions. the military record of Jhles Remmlein-to the Committee on Also, a bill (H. R. 9762) granting an increase of pension to Military Affairs. Charles W. De Motte--to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. POWERS of Maine: A bill (H. R. 9802) granting an Also, a bill (H. R. 9763) granting an increase of pension to Annie increase of pension to George F. Jewett-to the Committee on C. Fletcher-to the Committee on Pensions. Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9764) granting an increase of pension to James By Mr. REEDER: A bill (H. R. 9803) to remove the charge of Wesley Brooks-to the Committee on Pensions. desertion standing against Sylvester S. Van Sickel-to the Com­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9765) granting an increase of pension to Sam­ mittee on Military Affairs. uel W. Brymiiig-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9804) to remove the charge of desertion Also, a bill (H. R. 9766) granting an increase of pension to Wil­ standing against Thomas Keating-to the Committee on Military liam Hall-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Affairs. _ Also, a bill (H. R. 9767) granting an increase of pension to Adam By Mr. RIXEY: A bill (H. R. 9805) for the relief of the estate L. Bourquin-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of Maria Gibson, deceased, late of Culpeper County, Va.-to the Also, a bill (H. R. 9768) granting an increase of pension to Committee on War Claims. Daniel M. Shepherd-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9806) for the relief of the legal representa­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9769) granting an increase of pension ro tives of Eli Tavenner, deceased-to the Committee on War Claims. H. L. Carpenter-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. RUMPLE: A bill (H. R. 9807) granting an increase of Also, a bill (H. R. 9770) granting an increase of pension to pension ro Hiram J anes-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Stephen B. Yeo man-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. SHERMAN: A bill (H. R. 9808) granting a pension to Also, a bill (H. R. 9771) granting an increase of pension to Nelson F. Hunt, idiotic and permanently disabled son of George James Green-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. F. Hunt-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9772) granting an increase of pension ro By Mr. SELBY: A bill (H. R. 9809) granting an increase of Robert Hendry-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. pension to Augustine E. Shibley-to the Committee on Invalid Also, a bill (H. R. 9773) granting an increase of pension to Wil­ Pensions. · liam Lomsbeny-to the Committee on Invalid ~ensions. By Mr. SHACKLEFORD: A bill (H. R. 9810) toamendandcor­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9774) granting an increase of pension to rect the record of Company E, Hickory County Battalion, attached Charles H. Edmonds-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to Osage County (Missouri) Home Guards, by including the name .Also, a bill (H. R. 9775) granting an increase of pension ro of.Calvin C. Young therein, with the dates of his enlistment and Lucy W. Smith-to the Committee on Pensions. discharge-to the Committee on Military Affairs. 854 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. J .A.NU.ARY 21,

Also, a bill (H. R. 9811) to amend and correct the records of Com­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9851) granting a pension to Samuel Laird­ pany D, Seventh Regiment Provisional Enrolled :Missouri Militia, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. by including the name of Valentine Fraker therein, with dates of Also, a bill (H. R. 9852) to remove the charge of desertion from his enlistment and discharge-to the Committee on Military the record of Emanuel Smith-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9812) for the relief of John W. Watkins, of By Mr. CALDWELL, from the Committee on War Claims: A Dallas County, Mo.-to the Committee on War Claims. resolution (H. Res. 100) in lieu of H. R. 9380, for the relief of By Mr. SIBLEY: A bill (H. R. 9813) for relief of Frank E. Sarah Grissom-to the Private Calendar. Foster-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. HENRY C. SMITH: A bill (H. R. 9814) granting an increase of pension to Mary Williams, Monroe, Mich.-to the PETITIONS, ETC. Committee on Invalid Pensions. Under clause 1 of Rnle XXII, the following petitions and papers Also, a bill (H. R. 9815) granting an increase of pension to were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: Edmund Beach, Flat Rock, Mich.-to the Committee on Invalid By the SPEAKER: Petition of Newport Post, No. 229, Grand Pensions. Army of the Republic, Department of Nebraska, for investigation By Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH: A bill (H. R. 9816) granting a of the administration of the Bureau of Pensions-to the Com­ pension to Abraham Geiser-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ mittee on Rnles. sions. By Mr. BALL: Paper to accompany House bill granting a11 in­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9817) granting a pension to Anna E. War­ crease of pension to James H. Joseph, of Georgetown, Del-to den-to the Committee on Pensions. the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. TATE (by request): A bill (H. R. 9818) to increase the Also, petitions of E. H. Klair, A. Dennison, and others, of the pension of Lucius C. Fletcher, of Habersham County, Ga.-to the State of Delaware, favoring an amendment to the Constitution Committ-ee on Invalid Pensions. · defining legal marriage to be monogamic-to the Committee on By Mr. TAYLER of Ohio: A bill (H. R. 9819) gra~ting an in­ the J udiqiary. crease of pension to Robert A. Pinn-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. BOWEN: Petition of S R. Bell and S. H. Green, execu­ Pensions. tors of James H. Bell, deceased, of the State of Alabama, praying Also, a bill (H. R. 9820) granting an increase of pension to reference of war claim to Court of Claims-to the Committee on Joseph C. Flickinger-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 9821) granting an increase of pension to Also (by request), petition of E. J. Boynton and others, of John W. Moore-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Fruithurst, Ala., to restore raw sugar to the n:ee list, with reason­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9822) granting an increase of pension to able protection to beet, cane, and refining interests-to the Com­ Jeremiah Myers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. mittee on Ways and Means. Also, a bill (H. R. 9823) granting an honorable discharge to By Mr. CANNON: Papers to accompany House bill g1·anting an Phillip Kurtz-to the Committee on Military Affairs. increase of pension to Francis M. Richardson-to the Committee Also, a bill (H. R. 9824) granting an honorable discharge to on Invalid Pensions. John Schlittler-to the Committee on Military Affairs. . By Mr. CALDERHEAD: Petition of S. R. Haynes, of Atchison, Also, a bill (H. R. 9825) granting an honorable discharge to Kans., for the passage of the bill for the reclassification of Rail­ James H. Davis-to the Committee on Military Affairs. way Mail Service-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post­ By Mr. THO:rtiAS of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 9826) granting an in­ Roads. crease of pension to B. L. Tower-to the Committee on Invalid Also, resolutions adopted by the Sacramento Cha.mber of Com­ Pensions. merce, of Sa~ramento, Cal., protesting against the passage of a By Mr. WARNOCK: A bill (H. R. 9827) for the relief of Jere­ measure to admit free of duty into the United States sugar grown miah Cain, Eighth Battery Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery-to in Cuba-to the Committee on Ways and Means. the Committee on War Claims. Also, resolutions adopted by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, By Mr. YOUNG: A bill (H. R. 9828) gJ.'anting· an increase of Atlanta, Ga., requesting the appointment of a commission to pension to William C. McEuen-to the Committee on Invalid study and report upon the commercial and industrial condition Pensions. of China and Japan-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 9829) granting an increase of pension to Also petitions of Chr. Elisa ser, of Industry, and 0. B. Hart, of Joseph Moses, alias Joseph Martin-to the Committee on Invalid Moonlight, Kans., favoring the passage of the oleomargarine bill­ Pensions. to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, a bill (H. R. 9830) granting an inCI·ease of pension to Also, petition of William H. Decker, in relation to the removal Moses B. Gist-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of the duty on teas-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also, a bill (H. R. 9831) granting an increase of pension to By M]:. CASSINGHAM: Papers to accompany House bill for Joseph Dunn-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the relief of George W. Mathews-to the Committee on Invalid Also, a bill (H. R. 9832) g1·anting an increase of pension to Levi Pension. Peters-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of A. Shupe and other citizens of Wooster, Ohio, Also, a bill (H. R. 9833) granting an increase of pension to Mar­ for amendment of Constitution to prohibit and punish polygamy garet McCuen, widow of Alexander McCuen-to the Committee and defining legal mania.ge-to the Committee on the Judiciary. on InYalid Pensions. Also, petition of Z. D. Hills H. Zinn, and 20 other citizens of Also, a bill (H. R. 9834) granting a pension to Elizabeth L. Licking County, Ohio, for the passage of the Grout bill-to the Morse-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on Agriculture. By l\Ir. APLIN: A bill (H. R. 9835) granting relief to Robert By Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin: Resolutions of Lodge of Good B. Tubbs-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Templars, of Milton, Wis., favoring the exclusion of intoxicants By Mr. BOWIE: A bill (H. R. 9836) for the relief of S. R. Bell from all countries inhabited chiefly by native races-to the Com­ and S. H. Green-to the Committee on War Claims. mittee on Alcoholic Liquor Traffic. By Mr. FLYNN: A bill (H. R. 9837) granting pension to By Mr. DRAPER: Petition of Joseph Reilly and other citizens H. Myers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. of Troy, N.Y., praying for the enactment of a law against polyg­ Also, a bill {H. R. 9838) granting an increase of pension to Amos amy-to the Committee on the Judiciary. W. Polley-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. FOERDERER: Resolution of Philadelphia Lager Beer By Mr. HAMILTON: A bill (H. R. 9839) granting a pension Brewers' Association, for the repeal of the war-revenue tax on to Austin J. Loomis-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. malt liquors-to the Committee on Ways and Means. By Mr. HULL: A bill (H. R. 9840) granting a pension to Mary Also, resolution of Philadelphia Leaf Tobacco Board of Trade, J. Lerew, now Weaver-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. protesting against any change in the exi ting rates of duty on By Mr. McCULLOCH: A bill (H. R. 9845) for the relief of tobacco or cigars-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Mary Johnson-to the Committee on War Claims. · By Mr. GORDON: Petitions of citizens of the Fourth Con­ Also, a bill (H. R. 9846) for the relief of the estate of Andrew gressional district of Ohio, favoring the passage of the McCleary C. Kerr, deceased-to the Committee on War Claims. oleomargarine bill-t<> the Committee on Agriculture. By Mr. STEELE: A bill (H. R. 9847) granting an increase of By Mr. GRAHAM: Petition of Encampment No.6, Union Vet­ pension to Zachariah R. Sanders-to the Committee on Invalid eran Legion, of Allegheny, Pa., favoring a bill providing pensions Pensions. · to certain officers and men in the Army and Navy of the United Also, a. bill (H. R. 9848) granting an increase of pension to States when 50 years of age and over,andincreasing widows' pen­ Joseph Cowgill-to the-Committee on Invalid Pensions. sions to $12 per month-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 9849) to remove the charge of desertion from By Mr. HAY: Papers to accompany House bill relating to the the records of the War Department against Madison A. Thomas­ claim of Mrs. M. C. Garnett-to the Committee on War Claims. to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. HEATWOLE: Petition of James L. Scofield and others, By Mr. WILLIAMS of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 9850) granting of Cannon Falls, Minn., for the suppression of polygamy-to the a pension to Henry Swain-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Committee on the Judiciary. 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 855

By .Mr. HEMENW.A Y: Resolution of Grand .Army of theRe­ of Liberty, of Yonkers, N. Y., for the reenaQtment of the Chinese­ public Post No. 72, of Washington, Ind., against theRixey amend­ exclusion law; for more restrictive immigration laws; for fixing a ment and Lovering bill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. severe penalty for attempt on life of President, Vice-President, By Mr. HULL: Resolutions of Iowa Park and Forestry Asso­ and members of Cabinet, and for the suppression of anarchy­ ciation, favoring a national park at the headwaters of the M"lSSis­ to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. lrippi River-to the Committee on the Public Lands. .Also, resolution of the National Live Stock Association, protest­ By Mr. JOY: Papers to accompany Honse bill granting an in­ ing against the removal of the tariff on hides and wool-to the crease of pension to Ann A. Botsford-to the Committee on In­ Committee on Ways and Means. valid Pensions. Also, resolutions of the National Live Srock Association, in By Mr. KAHN: Resolution of the California State Board of favor of the admission of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma Trade and the Sacramento Chamber of Commerce, in opposition as States-to the Committee on the Territories. to -the proposed reduction of the present -tariff rates on Cuban Also, resolutions of the National Live Stock Association, con­ sugar and tobacco-to the Committee on Ways and Means. demning the so-called Grout bill and approving the Wadsworth Also, petition of residenis of the Fourth and Fifth Congres­ substitute-to the Committee on Agriculture, sional districts of California, asking for an amendment to the Con­ Also, resolution of National Live Stock Association, urging ap­ stitution defining legal marriage-to the Committee on the Judi­ propriations for storage reservoirs-to the Committee on Irriga­ ciary. tion of Arid Lands. By 1\Ir. LINDSAY: Petition of Liberty ~ell Council, No. 22, By Mr. RIXEY: P.aper of W. W. Giles, asking for correction Daughters of Liberty, of Brooklyn, N.Y., in favor of the reen­ of his military record-to the Committee on Military Affairs. actment of the Chinese-exclusion act--cto the Committee on For­ By Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana: :Petition of Je.ssie Hamilton eign Affairs. and 128 other citizens of Fort W aYIJ.e, Ind., in fa-vor of an amend­ By Mr. MANN: Petition of J. F. Mackie, regarding reciprocity ment to the Constitution prohibiting the practice of polygamy­ with Cuba-to th-e Committee on Ways and Means. to the Committee on the J ndiciary. .Also, papers to accompany House bill 9438, granting a pension By Mr. SHACKLEFORD: Paper~ to accompany Honse bill for to G. MacG. Breadalbane-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ the relief oi John .H. W .atkins-to the Committee on War sions. Claims. Also, papers to accompany House bill9431, granting a pension Also., petition of Valentine Fraker, of Dallas County, Mo., ask­ to Col. E. A. Calkins-to the CoiDlllittee on Invalid Pensiollfl. ing that his name be placed on the pension roll-to the Commit­ Also, papers to accompany Honse bill 9433, for the relief of tee on Military .Affairs. William H. Lessig-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. .By Mr. SHAFROTH: Protest of farmers of northern Colorado, Also, petition of Chicago Clearing House Association, urging on the proposed tariff reduction on Cuban and foreign sugars-to the repeal of the special tax on capital and surplus of banks, etc.­ the Committee on Ways and Means. to the Committee on Ways and Means.- By Mr. WM. ALDEN SMITH: Resolution of Credit Men's As­ .Also, petition of Associated Fraternities of .America, praying sociation of Grand Rapids, Mich., favoring amendments to the for relief from the ruling of the Post-Office Department excluding national bankruptcy law-to the Committee on the Judiciary. fraternity publicationB from the mails as second-class matter-to Also, petition of Cyrus C. Eaton and other carriers on rural­ thil Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. delivery routes in Saginaw County, Mich., asking for increase of .Also, resolution of the Board of Trade of Chicago, ill., asking salary-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads . for a review of the record of the court as to the conduct of Admiral Also, papers to accompany House bill5511, granting an increase Schley in the battle of Santiago-to the Committee on Naval of pension to Cyrus V. Gorrell-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ Affairs . sions. .Also, petition of William H. necker, relative to the duty on By Mr. STEELE: Papers to accompany House bill granting an tea-to the Committee on Ways and Means. increase of _peD.Bion to .Z. R. Sanders-to the Committee on Inva-­ By Mr. McCALL: Petition of John A. McLean and other citi­ lid Pensions. zens of the Eighth Congressional district of Massachusetts, for an .Also, papers to accompany Honse bill for the relief of Madison amendment to the National Constitution defining legal marriage A. Thomas-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. to be monogamic-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, papers to accompany House bill for the relief of Jo!*lph By Mr. McLACHLAN: Petition of Harriet E. Carr, widow of Cowgill-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. John P. Carr, for a pension-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petition of dairymen and sions. farmers of Fan'ba.ult and Martin counties, Minn., favoring the .Also, synopsis of the civil and military service of Gen. Ed. M. passage of the oleomargarine bill-to the Committee on Agricul­ McCook-to the Committee on Military Affairs. ture. By Mr. MORRELL: Petition of the Philadelphia Leaf Tobooco Also, resolution of Western Labor Union, coneern.ing the Chi­ Board of Trade, protesting against any change in the existing nese-€xclusion act-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. rates of duty on tobacco and cigars-to the Committee on Ways .Also, petition of Electrical Workers' Union No. 23, of St. Paul, and :Means. Minn., American Federation of Labor, favoring the construction Also, papers to accompany bill granting a pension to Mrs. Louisa of naval vessels at Government navy-yards-to the Committee on Baumgard-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Naval Affairs . .Also, petition of the Philadelphia Lager Beer Brewers' Associa­ "By Mr. SULZER: Resolutions of the Sacramento (Cal.) Cham­ tion, for the remission of the war-revenue tax on malt liquors­ ber of Commerce, in opposition to the Cummings bill and the to the Committee on Ways and Means. Cuban reciprocity bill-to the Committee on Ways and Means . .Also, papers to accompany Honse bill for removal of charge of By Mr. THOMAS of Iowa: Papers to accompany House bill desertion from the military record of Francis Remmlein-to the granting an increase of pension to B. L. Lower-to the Committee Committee on 1\fili.tary Affairs. . on In-valid PensioD.B. Also, resolutions of the Trades League of Philadelphia, favoring By 1\Ir. WARNOCK: Petition of Jeremiah Cain for relief, to the creation of a department of commerce and industries-to the accompany Honse bill for pay and allowance due him-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Committee on Military Affairs. · .Also,,resolutions of the Maritime Association of New York, Also, papers to accompany House bill granting an increase of favoring the construction of the breakwate1· at Point Judith, pension to Thomas Reed-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Rhode Island-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. By Mr. WEEKS: Petition of C. T. Hahn and other citizens of .Also, resolutions of Sacramento Chamber of Commerce, urging Huron County, Mich., for the retention of the present tariff on the defeat of the Cummings bill and the Cuban reciprocity bill­ sugar-to the Committee on Ways and Means. to the Committee on Ways and Means. By 1\Ir. WILLIAMS of lllinois: Paper to accompany Honse bill By Mr. PEARRE: Petition of Garrett Council, No. 35, Junior to correct the military record of Emanuel Smith-to the Commit­ Order United Ame1ican Mechanics, of Maryland, in favor of more tee on Military Affairs. stringent immigration laws, etc.-to the Committee on Immigra­ By Mr. WOODS: Petition of the California Club, of San Fran­ tion and Naturalization. cisco, Cal., for the purchase of Calaveras grove of Sequoias for a By Mr. PUGSLEY: Resolutions of the Credit Men's Associa­ national park-to the Committee on the Public Lands. tion of RochesteT, N. Y., in regard to the Ray bankruptcy bill-to Also, resolution of board of supervisors of Sacramento County, the Committee on the Judiciary. Cal., for the retention of duty on raw sugar and citrus fruits .Also, resolutions of Carriage Builders' National Association of grown in Cuba-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Cincinnati, Ohio, urging the removal of the duty on hides-to the By Mr. YOUNG: Resolutions of the Philadelphia Lager Beer Committee on Ways and Means. Brewers' .Association, .for the removal of the war tax on malt Also, resolution of Western Labor Union, urging the reenact­ liquors-to the Committee on Ways and Means. ment of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the Committee on Foreign .Also, resolutions of Sacramento (Cal.) Chamber of Commerce, A.fiairs. against reduction of tariff on raw sugar-to the Committee on Also, resolutions of Lady Harrison Council, No. 14, Daughters Ways and Mea.ns. 856 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. J .ANU.A.RY 22,

Also, papers to accompany House bill granting an increase of Pacific Islands and Porto Rico, and ordered to be printed in the pension to James McEntyre-to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ RECORD, as follows: sions. A memorial to the Senate and House of Representatives of the Congress of Also, papers to accompany House bill granting an increase of the United States. Whereas by the provisions of Article VITI of the treaty of Paris signed . pension to William C. McEuen-to the Committee on Invalid D~eJ?.ber 10,1898, Spain ceded to the Uni~d States, in Porto Rico,' all the Pensions. !Juildingsi wharves, barz:a.c~, forts, str:uctuJ:es, public highways, and other Also, petition of L. A. Salade, L. Y. Graham, and other citizens l..!lliDOva.I? e property which, m conforrmty With the law, belonged to the pub­ li~ 9-o~m, ~nd as. such belonged to th!'l ili9wn of Spain, but particularly pro­ of Philadelphia, Pa., urging an amendment. to the Constitution VIding m sa1d .Article VITI that the relinquishment or cession therein referred prohibiting polygamy-to the Committee on the Judiciary. to could not in any reSJ?eCt impair the property or rights which by law belon~ 0 the ~ful ~sseSSlon of /i:bJ::rlY of all kinds, of provinces, municipali­ ties, public. ot: pnva~ estab eJ!.ts, eccl~stical or civic bodies, or any othe.r a.ssomation havmg lega.lcapac1ty to a.cqmre and possess Jlroperty in the SENATE. territory ceded; and Whereas upon th~ f?rmal surrender of the sovereignty of Porto Rico, Oc­ WEDNESDAY, January 22, 1902. tober 18, 1898 all _:buildings wharves, ~rrac~, forts, structures, public high­ wa-y:s, and other :unmovable a::?&:i~Y.· mcluding lands and lots, then in pos­ Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. session of or ~o.ntrolled or a . .jreq by officers of the Spanish army or The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro­ navy or by mvil representatives of Spam, were turned over by the Spanish Commission to the United States Commission, appoint-ed to receive the same, ceedings, when, on request of Mr. QUAY, and by unanimous con­ and subsequ~ntly ~Y said United States Commission t? the military govern­ sent, the further reading was dispensed with. . m~J?-t established m Porto Rico by 9~er of the President, and by the said military government held and administered as the property of the United The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The J onrnal, without objec- States and continued in possession of thE(military authorities stationed in tion, will stand approved. · ' Porto Rico, except as conditionally turned over to the civil government by ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. order of the honorable Secretary of War. Whereas the records of titles to property, files of royal decrees and orders, A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. C. R. and accounts of e~enditures of public funds prove either a legal title in or a strong equitable nght to the poesession of numerous buildings, parcels, and McKE..~, the enrolling clerk of the House, announced that the lots of land transferred and held as aforesaid by the people of Porto Rico and Speaker of the House had. signed the enrolled bill (H. R. 3239) by the several municipal corporations; and providing for the free transportation of aJl mail matter sent by vyherea.s the city of SanJuan, by reason of it having been for centuries and Mrs. Ida S. McKinley, and it was thereupon signed by the Presi- until a very fe~years ago walled m, is, except on lands reserved for military use, solidly built up, leaving no space for the location of public buildin~, for dent pro tempore. . which there is great need, :particularly for the administrative departments and for schools, and the residence sections are congested, poor tenants being COLORED SOLDIERS' BOUNTY FUND. crowded into small, illy ventilated, foul, and filthy quarters, which constitute The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair lays before the a. standing menace to the health of the community; the only ho11e of relief from the dire inconveniences su1fered by the public and educational interests, Senate a communication from the Secretary of War, transmitting and the dangers to public health lies in the opportunity by the insular gov­ a copy of a letter from the disbursing clerk of the War Depart­ ernment to dispose of the considersble tract of land adjoining the city on the ment relative to the so-called retained bounty fund derived from east and constituting the remaining portion of a small island, on which San Juan is situated: Therefore, be it State bounties of colored soldiers enlisted in Virginia and North Resolved by the legislative assembly of Porto Rico, That the Congress of the Carolina in 1864 and 1865. The Chair is uncertain what refer­ United States is hereby memori&lized and most earnestly solicited to speedily ence to make of the communication. If there be no objection, the enact such measures as will forever settle the questions of the title to and permit the enjoyment by the people of Porto Rico and by such municipal cor­ communication and accompanying paper will be referred to the porations as may hold title to or may show that they are entitled to the build­ Committee on Military Affairs and ordered printed. mgs, lots, and so-called public land herein referred to; and be it Further resolved, That in aid of the certain and early settlement of claims LIST OF JUDGMENTS. and causes for contention, the Congress is respectfully requested to send a special committee or a subcommittee of the msular comn:iittees to Porto The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ Rico to inquire into the status of the question here presented and to make munication from the Attorney-General, transmitting a list of such recommendation for the division and allotment of the buildings, lots, judgments rendered against the Government by the circuit and and lands involved as may aP-pear to be just and equitable. And your memorialists will ever pray. district courts of the United States under the act of March 3, 1887, CHARLES HARTZELL, for which an appropriation should be made; which, with the ac­ President Executive Council. companying papers, was referred to the Committee on Appropria­ MAN. F. ROSSY, Speaker House of Delegatu. tions, and ordered to be printed. Approved January 14:, 1002. FRENCH SPOLIATION CLAIMS. WILLI.A.M H. HUNT, Governor. SECRETARY'S OFFICE, PORTO RICO. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com­ I hereby certify the foregoing to be a. true copy of a memorial to the Sen· munication from the assistant clerk of the Court of Claims, trans­ ate and the House of Representatives of the Congress of the United States mitting the conclusions of fact and of law and of the opinion of passed by the legislative assembly of Porto Rico and approved by the gov~ ernor on January H, 1902, the original of which is on file m this office. the court, under the act of January 20,1885, in the French spolia­ In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at San Juan, Porto Rico, tion claims set out in the findings by the court relative to the and caused to be a.ffi.x:ed the great seal of Porto Rico this H:th day of January,.. vessel, ship Governor Bowdoin, Daniel Oliver, inaster; which, A. D.l002. . · with the accompanying papers, was referred to the Committee on [SEAL.] ARTHUR E. PARKE, Claims, and ordered to be printed. .Assistant Secretary. He also laid before the Senate a communication from the assist­ Mr. LODGE. I present a petition froni. the Boston Chamber ant clerk of the Court of Claims, transmitting the conclusions of Commerce, praying for the negotiation of a reciprocal trade of fact and of law and of the opinion of the court under the act agreement with the Dominion of Canada. I ask that the names of January 20, 1885, in the French spoliation claims set out in of the different cities and towns of the State of Massachusetts the findings by the court relative to the vessel, schooner Good printed on the outside of the petition, whose business men in­ Intent, Hazard Powers, master; which, with the accompanying dorse the petition, be printed in the RECORD. I suppose the peti.. papers, was referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to tion will be referred to the Committee on Relations with Canada. be printed. ·The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The rule of the Senate provides He also laid before the Senate a communication from the assist­ that only the body of a petition shall he printed in the RECORD. ant clerk of the Court of Claims, transmitting the conclusions of Mr. LODGE. It is not the names that I am asking to have fact and of law and of the opinion of the court, under the-act of printed, but simply the sources of the petition. January 20, 1885, in the French spoliation claims, set out in the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to · the re­ quest of the Senator from Massachusetts? The Chair hears none, findings by the court relative to the vessel ship Caroline~ Ben­ jamin Glazier, master; which, with the accompanying papers, and it is so ordered. · was referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be The petition was referred to the Committee on Relations with printed. · Canada. as follows: He also laid before the Senate a communication from-the a£sist­ A petition praying for the negotiation of a reciprocal trade ant clerk of the Court of Claims, transmitting the conclusions of agreement with the Dominion of Canada, from the Boston Chamber fact and of law and of the opinion of the court, under the act of of Commerce, containing the signatures of business men of Boston, January 20,1885 in the French spoliation claims, set ·out in the Worcester, Lowell, Lawrence, Haverhill, Chicopee, Cambridge, findings by the court relative to the vessel brig Ranger, John Lynn! Salem, Fitchburg, Framingham, Greenfield, Marblehead, Flagg, master; which, with the accompanying papers, was re­ Peabody, Amesbury, Melrose, Everett, Somerville, Stoneham, ferred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. Abington, Rockland, Waltham, Newburyport, Woburn, George- town, Medford, Malden, Leominster, West:field, Danvers, Nor· PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. wood, Middleboro, Clinton, Shelburne Falls, Turners Falls, The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented a petition of the legis­ Chelmsford, Merrimac, and Ware, in the State of Massachusetts. lative assembly of Porto Rico, praying for the enactment of Mr. NELSON presented a petition of the Commercial Club, of legislation to settle the questions of the title to, and permit the Minneapolis, Minn., praying for the enactment of legislation pro­ enjoymRnt by those who shall have the title of, certain buildings, viding a change in the postal regulations so as to permit the mail­ lots, and public lands; which was referred to the Committee on ing of large quantities of catalogues, etc., at regular third-class