Activity–Pacific Northwest Tectonic Block Model
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Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, and Forest Carbon in the Oregon Coast Range
Portland State University PDXScholar Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations Environmental Science and Management 3-2016 Bioenergy Harvest, Climate Change, and Forest Carbon in the Oregon Coast Range Megan K. Creutzburg Portland State University, [email protected] Robert M. Scheller Portland State University, [email protected] Melissa S. Lucash Portland State University, [email protected] Louisa B. Evers Bureau of Land Management Stephen D. LeDuc United States Environmental Protection Agency See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/esm_fac Part of the Forest Biology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Citation Details Creutzburg, M. K., Scheller, R. M., Lucash, M. S., Evers, L. B., LeDuc, S. D., & Johnson, M. G. (2015). Bioenergy harvest, climate change, and forest carbon in the Oregon Coast Range. GCB Bioenergy. This Article is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Authors Megan K. Creutzburg, Robert M. Scheller, Melissa S. Lucash, Louisa B. Evers, Stephen D. LeDuc, and Mark G. Johnson This article is available at PDXScholar: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/esm_fac/118 GCB Bioenergy (2016) 8, 357–370, doi: 10.1111/gcbb.12255 Bioenergy harvest, climate change, and forest carbon in the Oregon Coast Range MEGAN K. CREUTZBURG1 , ROBERT M. SCHELLER1 , MELISSA S. LUCASH1 , LOUISA B. EVERS2 , STEPHEN D. LEDUC3 and MARK G. -
"Juan De Fuca Plate Comparison Task JFP-2." W/Five Oversize
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The Oregon Coast Range- Considerations for Ecological Restoration Joe Means Tom Spies Shu-Huei Chen Jane Kertis Pete Teensma
Forests of the Oregon Coast Range- Considerations for Ecological Restoration Joe Means Tom Spies Shu-huei Chen Jane Kertis Pete Teensma The Oregon Coast Range supports some of the most dense Ocean, so they are warm and often highly productive, com- and productive forests in North America. In the pre-harvest- pared to the Cascade Range and central Oregon forests. ing period these forests arose as a result of large fires-the Isaac's (1949) site index map shows much more site class I largest covering 330,000 ha (Teensma and others 1991). and I1 land in the Coast Range than in the Cascades. In the These fires occurred mostly at intervals of 150 to 300 years. summers, humid maritime air creates a moisture gradient The natural disturbance regime supported a diverse fauna from the coastal western hemlock-Sitka spruce (Tsuga and large populations of anadromous salmonids (salmon heterophylla-Piceasitchensis) zone with periodic fog extend- and related fish). In contrast, the present disturbance re- ing 4 to 10 km inland, through Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga gime is dominated by patch clearcuts of about 10-30 ha menziesii var. rnenziesii)-western hemlock forests in the superimposed on most of the forest land with agriculture on central zone to the drier interior-valley foothill zone of the flats near rivers. Ages of most managed forests are less Douglas-fir, bigleaf maple (Acer rnacrophyllum)and Oregon than 60 years. This logging has coincided with significant oak (Quercus garryana). declines in suitable habitat and populations of some fish and wildlife species. Some of these species have been nearly extirpated. -
Kinematic Reconstruction of the Caribbean Region Since the Early Jurassic
Earth-Science Reviews 138 (2014) 102–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth-Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Kinematic reconstruction of the Caribbean region since the Early Jurassic Lydian M. Boschman a,⁎, Douwe J.J. van Hinsbergen a, Trond H. Torsvik b,c,d, Wim Spakman a,b, James L. Pindell e,f a Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands b Center for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED), University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 24, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway c Center for Geodynamics, Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), Leiv Eirikssons vei 39, 7491 Trondheim, Norway d School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa e Tectonic Analysis Ltd., Chestnut House, Duncton, West Sussex, GU28 OLH, England, UK f School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3YE, UK article info abstract Article history: The Caribbean oceanic crust was formed west of the North and South American continents, probably from Late Received 4 December 2013 Jurassic through Early Cretaceous time. Its subsequent evolution has resulted from a complex tectonic history Accepted 9 August 2014 governed by the interplay of the North American, South American and (Paleo-)Pacific plates. During its entire Available online 23 August 2014 tectonic evolution, the Caribbean plate was largely surrounded by subduction and transform boundaries, and the oceanic crust has been overlain by the Caribbean Large Igneous Province (CLIP) since ~90 Ma. The consequent Keywords: absence of passive margins and measurable marine magnetic anomalies hampers a quantitative integration into GPlates Apparent Polar Wander Path the global circuit of plate motions. -
Great Lakes Pine Barrens
Rapid Assessment Reference Condition Model The Rapid Assessment is a component of the LANDFIRE project. Reference condition models for the Rapid Assessment were created through a series of expert workshops and a peer-review process in 2004 and 2005. For more information, please visit www.landfire.gov. Please direct questions to [email protected]. Potential Natural Vegetation Group (PNVG) R6JAPIop Great Lakes Pine Barrens General Information Contributors (additional contributors may be listed under "Model Evolution and Comments") Modelers Reviewers Joshua Cohen [email protected] Vegetation Type General Model Sources Rapid AssessmentModel Zones Woodland Literature California Pacific Northwest Local Data Great Basin South Central Dominant Species* Expert Estimate Great Lakes Southeast Northeast S. Appalachians PIBA2 VAAN LANDFIRE Mapping Zones ANGE Northern Plains Southwest CAPE6 51 40 PIRE N-Cent.Rockies QUEL 50 SCSC 41 Geographic Range System occurs in northern Lower Michigan, northern Wisconsin, northern Minnesota, and eastern Ontario, north of the climatic tension zone (Curtis 1959 and is concentrated in the High Plains Subsection in northern Lower Michigan and in central Wisconsin (Vora 1993). Also occurs in several locations in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and is associated with the upper Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers in Minnesota and Wisconsin (Comer 1996). Biophysical Site Description The Great Lakes pine barrens system is endemic to very dry, nutrient-impoverished landscape ecosystems. These ecosystems occur in landforms deposited by high-energy glacial melt waters, principally outwash plains and glacial lakebeds, underlain by well-sorted, coarse-textured sandy soils with low water retaining capacity. They also occur in bedrock-controlled landforms with shallow soils of limited moisture storage capacity (Cleland et al. -
Shape of the Subducted Rivera and Cocos Plates in Southern Mexico
JOURNALOF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 100, NO. B7, PAGES 12,357-12,373, JULY 10, 1995 Shapeof the subductedRivera and Cocosplates in southern Mexico: Seismic and tectonicimplications Mario Pardo and Germdo Sufirez Insfitutode Geoffsica,Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de M6xico Abstract.The geometry of thesubducted Rivera and Cocos plates beneath the North American platein southernMexico was determined based on the accurately located hypocenters oflocal and te!eseismicearthquakes. The hypocenters ofthe teleseisms were relocated, and the focal depths of 21 eventswere constrainedusing a bodywave inversion scheme. The suductionin southern Mexicomay be approximated asa subhorizontalslabbounded atthe edges by the steep subduction geometryof theCocos plate beneath the Caribbean plate to the east and of theRivera plate beneath NorthAmerica to thewest. The dip of theinterplate contact geometry is constantto a depthof 30 kin,and lateral changes in thedip of thesubducted plate are only observed once it isdecoupled fromthe overriding plate. On thebasis of theseismicity, the focal mechanisms, and the geometry ofthe downgoing slab, southern Mexico may be segmented into four regions ß(1) theJalisco regionto thewest, where the Rivera plate subducts at a steepangle that resembles the geometry of theCocos plate beneath the Caribbean plate in CentralAmerica; (2) theMichoacan region, where thedip angleof theCocos plate decreases gradually toward the southeast, (3) theGuerrero-Oaxac.a region,bounded approximately by theonshore projection of theOrozco and O'Gorman -
How Vulnerable Is the City of Port Angeles to Tsunamis?
U NDERSTANDING T S U N A M I H AZARDS IN THE S T A T E O F W ASHINGTON How Vulnerable is the City of Port Angeles to Tsunamis? The Tsunami Hazard Port Angeles faces two types of tsunami hazard: Tsunamis from distant earthquakes on the Pacific rim, such as the 2011 magnitude 9.0 earthquake near Japan. This type is the most common. Because the waves arrive hours after the quake, they are less likely to cause loss of life, but may inflict damage. Local tsunamis caused by a M8.0 (or greater) earthquake on the Cascadia subduction zone. This type poses the greatest danger: catastrophic waves, much larger than those from a distant quake, will strike the coast within 25–30 minutes, causing loss of life and widespread damage to property. Much has been done to improve our understanding of Resources Natural of Department State Image: Washington tsunami hazards, develop warning systems, and Figure 1. Aerial view of the community of Port Angeles educate the public. If coastal communities are to and its harbor on Washington’s north coast. The tsunami reduce the impacts of future tsunamis, they need to hazard zone is shaded in yellow; highways are marked by know how tsunamis will affect their people, property, solid red lines. economy, and infrastructure. Port Angeles’ Vulnerability WHAT IS THE CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE? About 100 miles off Washington’s outer coast, the To support local tsunami planning efforts, the U.S. Juan de Fuca plate is being pushed beneath the Geological Survey and the Washington Military North American plate. -
Plate Tectonics Review from Valerie Nulisch Some Questions (C) 2017 by TEKS Resource System
Plate Tectonics Review from Valerie Nulisch Some questions (c) 2017 by TEKS Resource System. Some questions (c) 2017 by Region 10 Educational Service Center. Some questions (c) 2017 by Progress Testing. Page 2 GO ON A student wanted to make a model of the Earth. The student decided to cut a giant Styrofoam ball in half and paint the layers on it to show their thickness. 1 Which model below best represents the layers of the Earth? A B C D Page 3 GO ON 2 A student is building a model of the layers of the Earth. Which material would best represent the crust? F Grouping of magnetic balls G Styrofoam packing pellets H Bag of shredded paper J Thin layer of graham crackers 3 Your teacher has asked you to make a model of the interior of the Earth. In your model, how do the thicknesses of the lithosphere and crust compare? A The lithosphere is thinner than the crust. B The lithosphere is exactly the same thickness as the crust. C The lithosphere is thicker than the crust. D The lithosphere is thicker than the oceanic crust, but thinner than the continental crust. 4 Sequence the layers of the Earth in order from the exterior surface to the interior center. F Lithosphere, mantle, inner core, outer core, crust, asthenosphere G Inner core, outer core, mantle, asthenosphere, lithosphere, crust H Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core, asthenosphere, lithosphere J Crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core Page 4 GO ON 5 The tectonic plate labeled A in the diagram is the A Eurasian Plate B Indo-Australian Plate C Pacific Plate D African Plate Page 5 GO ON 6 The tectonic plate labeled B in the diagram is the — F Eurasian Plate G Indo-Australian Plate H Pacific Plate J North American Plate Page 6 GO ON Directions: The map below shows Earth's tectonic plates; six of them are numbered. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Robin Hardy, Ph.D. Department of History and Philosophy 2-155 Wilson Hall Montana State University Bozeman, Montana 59717 [email protected] Special Interests Atlantic studies (Europe/Africa) Colonialism and post-colonialism in Africa: social justice, politics, economy, religion, culture Western presence/influence in Africa Jihād in the Sahel West African ethnic culture Diplomacy / Conflict Resolution Education Ph. D. – Modern European History. Montana State University - Bozeman, Montana. Focus: French colonialism in West Africa. Political/cultural contact zone. M.A. – European History (Diplomacy). University California at Santa Cruz – Santa Cruz, California. B.A. – Political Science (International Relations). University California at Los Angeles – Los Angeles, California. Professional Experience Faculty Lecturer/Instructor: Department of History and Philosophy - Montana State University. Bozeman, Montana (2010-Present). Courses: Modern Africa, HSTR 483 Colonial Africa, HSTR 491 History of Morocco: From antiquity to post-colonization (in-country), HSTR 492 Robin Hardy Curriculum Vitae - 2 Identity in North Africa, HSTR 492 Post-colonial Sudan and the problems of the refugee diaspora, HSTR 492 Nineteenth century Europe, HSTR 322 European intellectual history, HSTR 423 Twentieth century Europe, HSTR 324 Origins of European anarchism, HSTR 492 European language and culture in the Middle Ages, HSTR 492 Western Civilization I, HSTR 101IH Western Civilization II, HSTR 102IH Knowledge and Community, CLS 101 Papers, Publications, Professional Leadership Conference paper: “The Future of Militant Islam in the Western Sahel,” Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa, Washington D.C., October 21, 2017. Moderator/Discussant: Progress and Problems in Post-Colonial Sub-Saharan Africa, Association for the Study of the Middle East and Africa, Washington D.C., October 20, 2017. -
Mill Creek Watershed Assessment
Yamhill Basin Council Mill Watershed Assessment December 30, 1999 Funding for the Mill Assessment was provided by the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board and Resource Assistance for Rural Environments. Mill Assessment Project Manager: Robert J. Bower, Principal Author Co-authors: Chris Lupoli, Linfield College intern, for Riparian section and assisted with Wetlands Conditions section. Tamara Quandt, Linfield College intern, for Sensitive Species section. Editors: Melissa Leoni, Yamhill Basin Council, McMinnville, OR Alison Bower, Forest Ecologist, Corvallis, OR Contributors: Bill Ferber, Salem, Water Resources Department (WRD) Chester Novak, Salem, Bureau Land Management (BLM) Dan Upton, Dallas, Willamette Industries David Anderson, Monmouth, Boise Cascade Dean Anderson, Dallas, Polk County Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Dennis Ades, Salem, Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) Gary Galovich, Corvallis, Oregon Department Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Mark Koski, Salem, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Patrick Hawe, Salem, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Rob Tracey, McMinnville, Natural Resource and Conservation Service (NRCS) Stan Christensen, McMinnville, Yamhill Soil Water Conservation District Susan Maleki, Corvallis, Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) Warren Tausch, Tillamook Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Special Thanks: ! John Cruickshank, Gooseneck Creek resident for his assistance with the Historical, and Channel Modification sections and in the gathering of historical photographs. ! Gooseneck Creek Watershed Group for their support and guidance. ! John Caputo, Yamhill County GIS. ! BLM and Polk County GIS for providing some of the GIS base layers used to create the maps in this assessment. ! USDA Service Center, Natural Resource Conservation Service, McMinnville, for copying and office support. ! Polk and Yamhill Soil and Water Conservation Districts. ! Nick Varnum, PNG Environmental Inc., Tigard, for assisting with the Hydrology and Channel Habitat Typing sections. -
Cascades Volcano Observatory Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes
Cascades Volcano Observatory Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/cvo/cvo_monitoring.html About CVO Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes Volcano Updates Volcano eruption forecasting relies on several disciplines of volcanology. Hazards Active volcanoes are complex natural systems, Monitoring and understanding a volcano's behaviors requires the attention of specialists from many science Seismicity disciplines. It demands a combination of current Deformation knowledge about magma systems, tectonic plate motion, volcano deformation, earthquakes, gases, Volcanic Gas chemistry, volcano histories, processes, and Lahar Detection hazards. Hydrothermal No single tool or technique can adequately monitor or predict volcanic behaviors. Therefore, Innovative Techniques volcanologists rely on an assortment of instruments and techniques to monitor volcanic unrest. This CVO Education requires placement of monitoring instruments both Prepare close to and far away from the primary source of eruptive activity (e.g. in a crater, on the crater rim, Multimedia and on the volcano's flanks). By placing sensitive monitoring instruments at hazardous volcanoes in Regional Volcanism Helicopter dropping off monitoring equipment at Mount St. advance of the unrest, the USGS CVO helps to Helens, Washington. ensure that communities at risk can be forewarned with sufficient time to prepare and implement response plans and mitigation measures. Recommendations for the numbers and types of ground-based sensors were made by an interdisciplinary team of scientists as part of planning for the National Volcano Early Warning System. CVO uses these recommendations to plan monitoring improvements throughout the Cascades. You can watch interviews with volcano scientists (Web Shorts) about their research and monitoring efforts and videos about volcano monitoring techniques in the Multimedia section of this website. -
Geology 111 • Discovering Planet Earth • Steven Earle • 2010
H1) Earthquakes The plates that make up the earth's lithosphere are constantly in motion. The rate of motion is a few centimetres per year, or approximately 0.1 mm per day (about as fast as your fingernails grow). This does not mean, however, that the rocks present at the places where plates meet (e.g., convergent boundaries and transform faults) are constantly sliding past each other. Under some circumstances they do, but in most cases, particularly in the upper part of the crust, the friction between rocks at a boundary is great enough so that the two plates are locked together. As the plates themselves continue to move, deformation takes place in the rocks close to the locked boundary and strain builds up in the deformed rocks. This strain, or elastic deformation, represents potential energy stored within the rocks in the vicinity of the boundary between two plates. Eventually the strain will become so great that the friction and rock-strength that is preventing movement between the plates will be overcome, the rocks will break and the plates will suddenly slide past each other - producing an earthquake [see Fig. 10.4]. A huge amount of energy will suddenly be released, and will radiate away from the location of the earthquake in the form of deformation waves within the surrounding rock. S-waves (shear waves), and P-waves (compression waves) are known as body waves as they travel through the rock. As soon as this happens, much of the strain that had built up along the fault zone will be released1.