Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority Annual Report 2014–15

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority Annual Report 2014–15 Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority Annual Report 2014–15 Authorised and published by Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority Level 1, 2 Lonsdale Street Melbourne VIC 3000 ISSN 2204-0498 (Print) ISSN 2204-0501 (Online) © Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority 2015 No part of this publication may be reproduced except as specified under the Copyright Act 1968 or by permission from the VCAA. For more information go to: www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/Pages/aboutus/policies/policy-copyright.aspx The VCAA provides the only official, up-to-date versions of VCAA publications. Details of updates can be found on the VCAA website: www.vcaa.vic.edu.au This publication may contain copyright material belonging to a third party. Every effort has been made to contact all copyright owners. If you believe that material in this publication is an infringement of your copyright, please email the Copyright Officer: [email protected] Copyright in materials appearing at any sites linked to this document rests with the copyright owner/s of those materials. The VCAA recommends you refer to copyright statements at linked sites before using such materials. The VCAA logo is a registered trade mark of the Victorian Curriculum Assessment Authority. This document is printed by On Demand, Port Melbourne, on Revive Laser, a 100 per cent FSC-certified recycled paper certified carbon neutral by the Department of Environment under the National Carbon Offset Standard. Made in Australia by an ISO 14001 certified mill. No chlorine bleaching occurs in the recycling process. October 2015 The Hon. James Merlino MP Deputy Premier and Minister for Education 1 Treasury Place East Melbourne Victoria 3002 Dear Minister In accordance with the Education and Training Reform Act 2006 and the Financial Management Act 1994, I am pleased to present the Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority Annual Report for the year ending 30 June 2015. Yours sincerely Chris Wardlaw Chair Contents Report of operations—year in review 1 Report of the Chair 1 Report of the Chief Executive Officer 3 Objectives and functions 7 Vision 7 Mission 7 Values 7 Outcomes for learners 7 Outcomes for educators 8 Key achievements 8 Working with the community 10 International programs 12 Early Years and Foundation–10 13 Senior Secondary 17 Future plans and challenges 22 Summary of financial results 24 Report of operations—governance and organisational structure 25 Ministers 25 VCAA Board 25 Senior executives 30 Committees of the VCAA Board 32 Organisational structure (as of 30 June 2015) 34 Report of operations—workforce data 35 Occupational health and safety 35 Industrial relations 36 Workforce data 36 Report of operations—other disclosures and attestations 38 Victorian Industry Participation Policy 38 Consultancy expenditure 38 Freedom of Information 38 Compliance with the Building Act 1993 39 National Competition Policy 39 Compliance with the Protected Disclosure Act 2012 (formerly Whistleblowers Protection Act 2001) 39 Additional information available on request 41 Risk attestation compliance statement 42 Financial statements 43 Notes to the financial statements 51 Appendices 92 Report of operations—year in review Report of the Chair What students learn, understanding how they learn, and knowing what students have learned is central to the development of Victoria as the Education State. The curriculum and assessment functions of the VCAA play a crucial role in realising the vision of creating lifelong learners as a result of their learning and development experiences as children and young people. This year, the VCAA has taken on many new challenges and has introduced exciting new initiatives that will ensure all Victorians have access to world-class curriculum and assessment programs. It is my privilege to outline some of these initiatives and to highlight the VCAA’s outstanding achievements in 2014–15. The VCAA continues to provide curriculum and assessment resources to support educators and learners from the early years through to senior secondary level. The VCAA is committed to supporting the foundational learning and development of children in the early years. This is a time when engagement and exploration of their capabilities is crucial. The VCAA has developed new resources to support the professional development of staff in the Early Childhood sector, including offering professional development programs and workshops. The VCAA also convened an Assessment for Learning Early Years Advisory Group to guide professional development programs and to evaluate the Assessment for Learning—Supporting Early Years Networks Training Manual. The VCAA also delivered many professional development programs for AusVELS to assist schools with whole-of-school curriculum planning. The AusVELS Curriculum Planning Resource website attracted nearly 30,000 users in 2014–15. We also conducted a school-readiness trial for the implementation of the new Digital Technologies curriculum. VCE offerings are under continuous improvement to ensure our curriculum meets contemporary and emerging needs. The VCAA appoints expert panels to review VCE study designs and ensure that students have access to relevant resources that will enable them to become active and responsible global citizens, with pathways into rapidly evolving and international industries. In 2015, the VCE studies for Art, Studio Arts, Music, Texts and Traditions, Religion and Society, Business Management, Economics, Food and Technology, Physical Education and Global Politics are all being reviewed with this end in mind. Two new study designs were implemented in 2015: VCE Algorithmics, a Higher Education Scored Study, and Units 1 and 2 of Chin Hakha, a language of Myanmar. The development of a Northern Hemisphere Timetable (NHT) VCE is a great example of the VCAA’s commitment to innovation and educational advancement. The NHT VCE will begin with Units 1 and 2 offered in September 2015, and the first end-of-school NHT VCE examinations will be held in June 2017. It will encourage partnerships between Victorian and international schools, and offer more flexibility and choice for Victorian schools and students locally and abroad. The introduction of the NHT will certainly reinforce the VCAA as a world leader in education and at the same time gain great feedback on our curriculum from students studying in different contexts. The VCAA has maintained its outstanding reputation for assessment and reporting. The task of coordinating the annual VCE examinations is extraordinary. In 2014, the VCAA administered VCE examinations to more than 82,000 students across Victoria. The VCAA issued an astonishing 258,811 study scores to more than 76,300 students. Senior secondary completion rates were also impressive in 2014. During the annual end-of-year results release, the VCAA recorded 48,809 VCE completions and 12,770 VCAL completions. The VCE (Baccalaureate), an additional achievement recognition Report of operations—year in review 1 for students studying another language and mathematics, was issued to 3828 students for the first time in 2014. In 2014, National Assessment Program—Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) tests were administered to more than 250,000 students in Victoria, and by mid-June 2015 the VCAA had completed the marking of more than 275,000 NAPLAN tests, including the NAPLAN writing tests administered in Tasmania. The 2014 NAPLAN reports for parents were delivered to schools two weeks earlier than the previous year. This is a clear demonstration of the VCAA’s commitment to improving efficiency in test marking. The success of VCAA curriculum and assessment programs is evident in the various events organised to celebrate student achievement. The VCE Season of Excellence is an impressive showcase of student achievement in VCE and VCE VET that provides us all with a glimpse of the future of technology, design and the visual and performing arts. The high level of attendance at the VCE Season of Excellence events and exhibitions demonstrates our community’s willingness and enthusiasm for engaging in arts, design and technology education. The Season of Excellence allows our students to exhibit their talents in Melbourne’s most iconic arts and cultural venues. The Board was deeply impressed by the 152 works displayed in Top Screen, Top Designs, and StArt Up: Top Arts. To show our appreciation, we established the VCAA Board Appreciation Award. This new award recognises the hard work, talent and dedication of these young artists, who each have incredibly bright futures in their chosen fields. The VCAL Achievement Awards honoured many remarkable VCAL students, teachers and providers. The stories of students who have undertaken the VCAL were truly inspiring, reminding us all of the importance of a senior secondary qualification that allows students to explore learning pathways that meet their various learning styles. The transition to a new State Government in December 2014 has led to many changes in the education portfolio. The VCAA will continue to work closely with the new Minister for Education, the Hon. James Merlino MP, and the Department of Education and Training to develop and implement the Education State vision. The year ahead is sure to be full of important developments across the entire sector and the VCAA will play its central part. My thanks to all VCAA Board members for their strong leadership; their commitment, creativity and professionalism speak volumes of their calibre. I also wish to acknowledge the outgoing Board members, Richard
Recommended publications
  • A Framework for Measuring Australian Higher
    A FRAMEWORK FOR MEASURING EQUITY PERFORMANCE IN AUSTRALIAN HIGHER EDUCATION Draft Framework Document V1.6 Tim Pitman and Paul Koshy, November 2014 Make tomorrow better. ncsehe.edu.au A Framework for Measuring Equity Performance in Australian Higher Education – Draft Framework Document Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 8 2. Overview of the Equity Performance Framework for Australian Higher Education ........ 10 Tier 1: Context (Pre-higher education) ............................................................................................ 11 Tier 2: Performance (Higher education) .......................................................................................... 12 Tier 3: Outcome (Post-higher education) ....................................................................................... 12 Comparisons by State and Territory ................................................................................................ 13 Comparisons with the General
    [Show full text]
  • The Evaluation of the Adult Migrant English Program (AMEP) “New Business Model”
    AUSTRALIAN COUNCIL OF TESOL ASSOCIATIONS SUBMISSION TO The Evaluation of the Adult Migrant English Program (AMEP) “new business model” March-April 2019 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 RECOMMENDATIONS 9 Introduction 13 1. The goals of the Adult Migrant English Program (AMEP) 14 2. The goals of the Skills for Employment and Education (SEE) Program 16 3. Where does the AMEP belong? 18 4. Targeted Tuition Streams (requirement 1a) 20 4.1 Rationale 20 4.2 Overlap between the AMEP pre-employment stream and the SEE Program 23 4.3 ACTA Recommendations on streaming in the AMEP 23 5. Extra tuition hours - the Special Preparatory Program (SPP) and AMEP Extend (requirements 1b & c) 23 5.1 The SPP 23 5.2 AMEP Extend 26 6. Assessment – use of the Australian Core Skills Framework (ACSF) as a benchmark and to align the AMEP and SEE Program (requirements 1e and 4) 28 6.1 The stated rationale for mandating the ACSF 28 6.2 The ACIL Allen recommendation 29 6.3 The ACSF as “a tool for measuring language proficiency” 31 6.3.1 The ACSF: is it reliable? Implications for its role as the basis for a KPI 32 6.3.2 The ACSF: is it a valid tool for assessing English language proficiency and progress? 34 6.4 The ISLPR 38 6.5 The ACSF – facilitating greater [sic] pathways between the AMEP and other training programs and the tertiary education sector 41 6.6 Use of the ACSF in aligning the AMEP and SEE Program 43 7. Performance management (requirement 1f) 46 7.1 Engagement 47 7.1.1 Continuous enrolment/rolling intakes 47 7.1.2 Monitoring attendance and accounting for absences.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Territory Department of Education Submission
    DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Northern Territory Department of Education Submission Inquiry into the Education of Students in Remote and Complex Environments The Northern Territory (NT) Department of Education seeks to provide a submission to the inquiry into the education of students in remote and complex environments, commissioned by the Standing Committee on Employment, Education and Training. The submission aims to highlight the unique circumstances experienced by students in NT remote and very remote communities and how the department is adapting its service delivery, using innovative approaches, to meet their needs. The NT Government recognises the critical role of culture, family, community and country in delivering better outcomes, particularly for Aboriginal people. There are a number of initiatives underway that target these core factors while balancing the complexities of delivering government services in remote and very remote communities. Remote and very remote Territory context The NT is the most remote jurisdiction in Australia, with approximately 245 000 people spread across one sixth of Australia’s land mass. Over 40 per cent of the population is considered to live in remote or very remote areas. The overwhelming majority of residents living in remote communities are Aboriginal Territorians, with a much younger population on average than other parts of Australia. Unemployment is high and there are significant health issues. Fifty-four per cent of remote households and 12 per cent of very remote communities speak English in the home. Most children attending school in remote or very remote communities only speak English at school, not in their community or in their home. The transitional nature of community life, and movement of families between communities can be disruptive to a child’s education, particularly when this movement occurs across multiple jurisdictions, such as the NT, Western Australia and South Australia borders.
    [Show full text]
  • Constructing the Australian School History Curriculum: Ideology, High Politics and the History Wars in the Howard Years
    Chapter 2 Constructing the Australian School History Curriculum: Ideology, High Politics and the History Wars in the Howard Years Tony Taylor This chapter is a substantially revised and expanded version of a keynote address “Disputed Territory: Who Owns History in Schools?” given at the Australian National University Research School of Social Sciences’ conference “Governing by looking back” 12–14 December (2007). The relevant official government papers for the summit, including an edited transcript of proceedings, have been archived on the Department of Employment Education and Workplace Relations website at http://www.dest.gov.au/sectors/school_education/ policy_initiatives_reviews/key_issues/Australian_History/ (as at July 2009) 2.1 Background to Policy and History Curriculum In 1996, a Liberal/National conservative coalition was victorious in the Australian March general election and coalition leader, John Howard, became the nation’s 25th prime minister. Howard’s accession, bolstered by a large majority, came following his own long and difficult political apprenticeship and after 13 years of Labour federal government. Although focused throughout his next three administrations on the big political issue including race relations, immigration policy, Middle East conflict, privatisation and industrial relations, Howard still kept time for history, which, after small beginnings, began to loom increasingly large in the prime minister’s con- sciousness. This incipient public attention to history began in 1996 in his Sir Thomas Playford memorial speech where he accused “cultural dieticians in our midst” of attempting to “rewrite Australian history in the service of a partisan political cause.”1 His comments were aimed at academics and others who favoured what had already been referred to by conservatively inclined historian Geoffrey Blainey as the “black armband” view of Australia’s past.
    [Show full text]
  • International Comparative Study: the Australian Curriculum and the Singapore Curriculum
    INTERNATIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY: THE AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM AND THE SINGAPORE CURRICULUM © Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) 2018 This work is copyright. You may only download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal non-commercial educational use or non-commercial educational use within your organisation. All other rights are reserved. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to: ACARA Copyright Administration Level 10 255 Pitt Street Sydney NSW 2000 [email protected] 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................4 1 PROGRAM OF RESEARCH .............................................................8 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 8 2 CONTEXTUAL DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS ........................... 14 2.1 Preamble ......................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Demographic comparison: Australia and Singapore ........................................................ 15 2.3 Curriculum design principles and purpose ....................................................................... 31 2.3.1 Education Policy ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Navitas Submission
    Submission: Draft National Strategy for International Education About Navitas Navitas Ltd is an Australian global education partner providing pre-university and university programs, English language courses, migrant education and settlement services, creative media education, student recruitment, professional development and corporate training services to more than 80,000 students across a network of over 120 colleges and campuses in 27 countries. Navitas listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) in 2004 and is now an S&P/ASX Top 100 Company, employing more than 5,800 staff globally. General comments Navitas commends the Government for: Responding positively to, and adopting, all the recommendations of the report of the International Education Advisory Council, chaired by Michael Chaney AO, Australia – Educating Globally. Recognising the critical importance of international education to Australia, developing a national vision, strategy and approach, and establishing ‘a ministerially led coordinating council for international education’. Developing a 10-year market development strategy, Australia International Education 2025, to inform, support and focus investment and actions in delivering on the national strategy. Consulting with the international education sector, business and industry, and communities on the development of the strategies and their implementation. Navitas welcomes the support given by various levels of government to international and transnational education, and the recognition by governments of the contribution the international education sector makes to economies and societies, both in Australia and globally. In the Strategic Actions we endorse the progress that is being made on a whole of government effort, including current reviews and consultations into the student visa framework, ESOS Act and National Code, all of which are integral to an integrated regulatory and support framework for the sector.
    [Show full text]
  • Deciding to Implement the International Baccalaureate (Ib) Primary Years Programme: a Case Study
    DECIDING TO IMPLEMENT THE INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE (IB) PRIMARY YEARS PROGRAMME: A CASE STUDY Sanjay Lalwani Bachelor of Education (Primary) (Queensland University of Technology) Master of Educational Leadership (Leading Learning) (Australian Catholic University) A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophy School of Education Faculty of Education & Arts Australian Catholic University 11 November 2019 Deciding to implement the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years Programme: A case study. i STATEMENT OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP This thesis contains no material that has been extracted in whole or in part from a thesis that I have submitted towards the award of any other degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution. No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgment in the main text of the thesis. All research procedures reported in the thesis received the approval of the relevant Ethics/Safety Committees (where required). Signed: Sanjay Lalwani Date: 11 November 2019 Deciding to implement the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years Programme: A case study. ii STATEMENT OF APPRECIATION The completion of this thesis has taken a few years. As I near the end, I have the opportunity to acknowledge the generosity of a number of people who have helped, supported and encouraged me. First, my appreciation goes to my supervisory team – Professor Brendan Bartlett and Associate Professor Lauren Stephenson (both formerly of the Australian Catholic University). The enriching conversations, valuable insights, effective critiques and guidance you have offered me have been invaluable. My particular thanks go to Associate Professor Janeen Lamb for assisting me in conceptualising the findings of the study and for assisting me to get this thesis ready for submission.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Change and Teachers' Responses: a NSW Case Study
    Curriculum change and teachers’ responses: a NSW case study Linda Merewyn Lorenza A thesis submitted for fulfillment requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The Sydney School of Education and Social Work Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences The University of Sydney 2018 i Statement of originality This is to certify that to the best of my knowledge, the content of this thesis is my own work. This thesis has not been submitted for any degree or other purposes. I certify that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work and that all the assistance received in preparing this thesis and sources have been acknowledged. Linda Merewyn Lorenza ii Abstract This thesis reports on the findings of a study into NSW Arts teachers’ perceptions of curriculum change in the Arts in the Australian context. From 2015 Australian schools began to engage with a national curriculum in the Arts. There are considerable implications for both practice and policy. Teachers’ willingness to adopt a new curriculum and adapt to change is a mitigating factor. This research focussed on NSW drama, music and visual arts teachers’ perceptions of curriculum change from the state curriculum they currently teach, to the incoming Australian arts curriculum. Research was qualitative and employed a case study approach (G. Thomas, 2010) including the use of in-depth interview and document analysis. The opinions of the case study participants in this particular study reflect some and oppose other views expressed in consultation reports, which reflect the wide consultation conducted by the Australian Curriculum Assessment Reporting Authority (ACARA) during the development of the Australian arts curriculum.
    [Show full text]
  • P O Stgradu Ate Gu Id E 20 20
    Contact us Postgraduate guide 2020 1800 SYD UNI (1800 793 864) Teaching and Professional Education +61 2 8627 1444 (outside Australia) sydney.edu.au/ask We acknowledge the tradition of custodianship and law of the Country on which the University of Sydney campuses stand. We pay our respects to those who have cared and continue to care for Country. Forest Stewardship Council (FSC®) is a globally recognised certification overseeing all fibre sourcing standards. This provides guarantees for the consumer that products are made of woodchips from well-managed forests and other controlled sources with strict environmental, economical and social standards. Join us Where will postgraduate study lead you? ....... 2 Teaching Master of Teaching ..............................................4 Master of Teaching (Early Childhood) ............. 5 Master of Teaching (Primary) ............................6 Master of Teaching (Health and Physical Education) ....................... 7 Master of Teaching (Secondary) ....................... 8 Postgraduate guide 2020 and Education Professional Teaching Professional education Master of Education .......................................... 10 Master of Education (Digital Technologies) ...12 Master of Education (Educational Management and Leadership) .........................13 Master of Education (Educational Psychology) ................................. 14 Master of Education (International Education) ..................................15 Master of Education (Leadership in Aboriginal Education)..............16
    [Show full text]
  • Performance Reporting and Public Accountability
    PM59 Information for CIP Buckingham, Jennifer CIS Policy Monograph 59 Sydney: The Centre for Independent Studies About the Author Jennifer Buckingham is a policy analyst at The Centre for Independent Studies. About the Paper There is very little information available to parents or the general public about the performance of government and non-government schools in Australia. In this monograph Jennifer Buckingham calls for a consistent, fair and meaningful system of reporting and publishing this material which will enable parents to make informed choices about which school is best for their child. It will also serve to keep schools not only accountable to the government (which is currently the case), but also to the public whose taxes sustain the public education system. Critics of school reporting argue that it would create unhealthy competition between schools and disadvantage lower performing schools. However, a school that is identified as performing badly should be recognised and given assistance accordingly, for the benefit of teachers, and ultimately the students in improving their level of education. Buckingham outlines the current schools performance testing measures in all states in Australia from primary to secondary school. She explores the principles of school reporting and factors which need to be considered: the appropriate academic (numeracy and literacy) indicators to be used; a school’s ‘value-added’ analysis (how much a school improves on students performance); socioeconomic differences between schools; including ‘uncertainty intervals’ (calculating a range of scores within which a school can fall); and measuring the overall performance of a school, not only academic, but also physical and social provisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Navitas Limited Full Year 2018 Financial Results
    Navitas Limited Full Year 2018 Financial Results Incorporating the requirements of Appendix 4E Navitas Limited Annual Report 2018 0 ASX APPENDIX 4E Results for announcement to the market Report for the full year ended 30 June 2018 $m Revenues from ordinary activities 931.0 down 2.5% Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT*) 1.1 down 99% Loss after tax from ordinary activities attributable to members (55.8) down n/a Dividend Information Amount Franked amount per share per share (cents) (cents) Interim 2018 dividend (paid 15 March 2018) 9.4 9.4 Final 2018 dividend (to be paid 17 September 2018) 8.0 5.6 Important dates for shareholders Ex-dividend date 31 August 2018 Record date 3 September 2018 Payment date 17 September 2018 The Company’s dividend reinvestment plan (DRP) will apply for the final dividend. The DRP will be offered at no discount to market. The last date for receipt of an election notice to participate in the DRP is by 5.00pm (AEST) on 4 September 2018. 30 June 2018 30 June 2017 Net tangible asset backing per ordinary security (103.8 cents) (70.6 cents) Additional Appendix 4E disclosure requirements can be found in the directors’ report and the 30 June 2018 financial statements and accompanying notes. This report is based on the consolidated financial statements which have been audited. This document comprises the information required by ASX Listing Rule 4.3A and is Navitas Limited’s preliminary final report including its 2018 Full Year Financial Results. All comparisons are with the reported results for the full year ended 30 June 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Alice Springs (Mparntwe) Education Declaration DECEMBER 2019 Mparntwe (Pronounced M-Ban Tua) Is the Arrernte Name for Alice Springs
    Alice Springs (Mparntwe) Education Declaration DECEMBER 2019 Mparntwe (pronounced M-ban tua) is the Arrernte name for Alice Springs. The Aboriginal Arrernte (pronounced arrunda) peoples are the traditional custodians of Alice Springs and the surrounding region. This Declaration is made by all Australian Education Ministers: Ms Yvette Berry MLA Minister for Education and Early Childhood Development (Australian Capital Territory) The Hon Dan Tehan MP Minister for Education (Australian Government) Chair, Ministerial Council on Education The Hon Sarah Mitchell MLC Minister for Education and Early Childhood Learning (New South Wales) The Hon Selena Uibo MLA Minister for Education (Northern Territory) The Hon Grace Grace MP Minister for Education (Queensland) The Hon John Gardner MP Minister for Education (South Australia) The Hon Jeremy Rockliff MP Minister for Education and Training (Tasmania) The Hon James Merlino MP Minister for Education (Victoria) The Hon Suzanne Ellery MLC Minister for Education and Training (Western Australia) Contents Story Preamble 2 Ceremony, Karrinyarra by Nerine Tilmouth represents Water Dreaming (also called Kapi, The Education Goals for Young Australians 4 or Ngapa Tjukurrpa), from Karrinyarra and Central Mt Wedge, north of Goal 1: The Australian education system promotes Papunya in Central Australia. The circles excellence and equity 5 represent water holes, and this site is Goal 2: All young Australians become confident and strongly associated with rain making creative individuals, successful lifelong learners, ceremonies. Karrinyarra represents an and active and informed members of the community 6 important cultural point of intersection, where people come together to share in access to the resources, and to take A Commitment to Action 9 responsibility for the Country and its Law.
    [Show full text]