Traffic Analysis and Alternative Solution

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Pavankumar P N1, Vinaykumar S N2, Basavaraj Chandrashekar Reddy3, A Brahma Prakash Sah4

1,2Asst.prof, Dept of Civil Engineering, City Engineering College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 3,4Student, City Engineering College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India ------***------Abstract - Road junctions are designed at place where  To conduct the classified volume studies and turning movements. vehicular traffic can move in different direction in a systematic way. The traffic at road junction is controlled  To provide best proposal at reduced land and resumed in a systematic way to produce further in their acquisition. respective direction with the help of traffic signals. Study on  To arrive with a best proposal to reduce traffic Road junction is a crucial subject and is very important so as congestion, delay and queue length. to propose a suitable road junction design and it involves  To provide higher level of service. understanding the nature of traffic, kind of area, density of 3. BACKGROUND population, rectifying the present problems, finding alternatives, etc. so we have taken initiation to study and 3.1 STUDY AREA MAP: analysis the traffic and provide solution i.e. study area is near Konanakunte junction which is located about 8.5km away from Banashankari, bengaluru. It is four legged intersection with arms leading towards Banashankari road side, kanakaupra road side, Electronic city side, kengeri road side and it has a lot of delay and queue length during office hours.

Keywords: Traffic, Junction, Density, Population, Intersection.

1. INTRODUCTION

Bangalore is the capital city of Karnataka and is the fifth largest city in the country and it is growing at a higher rate than other cities. Due to the growth in economic activities, it is attracting more migrants and it requires developed roads, grade separators, subways, mass transit system etc. Figure 1 Study area map ( Konanakunte cross) In Bangalore on an average, 2 major and 2 minor junctions are there per kilometer of road length, due to which 3.2 PCU Equivalents as Per IRC increase in travel time and frequent bottlenecks and break downs occur and also delay and congestion beyond Vehicle Type PCU tolerable limits. Equivalency Factor A traffic study is a detailed examination and analysis of a transportation system supported by data collection. Passenger Car 1.00 Transportation studies serve to quantify the extent of a transportation problem or to provide an analysis of a Motor Cycle or Scooter 0.50 proposed transportation solution. Tractor, Light 1.50 2. OBJECTIVE Commercial Vehicles

 To identify the various proposals to reduce travel Truck or Bus 3.00 time and queue length. Truck Trailer, Tractor- 4.50  To conduct speed studies. Trailer

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Cycle 0.50 The major problems at konanakunte junctions are as follows, Cycle Rickshaw 2.00  High traffic volume during peak time Horse Drawn Vehicle 4.00  Increased vehicle loads on road network  No proper measure on pedestrian safety Bullock Cart 8.00

4. PROBLEM STATEMENT 4.1 STUDY AREA

Figure 3 Traffic congestion at konankunte junction

Figure 4 No Zebra Crossing at konankunte Junction

5. METHODOLOGY 5.1 TRAFFIC DATA COLLECTION

Traffic data collection and projection thereof traffic volumes are basic requirements for planning of road development and management schemes. Traffic data forms an integral part in the science of descriptive national economics and such knowledge is essential in drawing up a rotational transport policy for movement of passenger and goods by both government and the private Figure 2 Problem statement of the study area sector.

Konanakunte is a main junction in which traffic flows here Traffic volume studies, spot speed studies, speed and from four sides, two sides of hundred feet ring road and delay studies, O&D studies, Parking studies, Accident two sides of Kanakapura road. Every time the signal halts studies. a stop, vehicles pile up within seconds for few 100m long.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

5.2 TRAFFIC DATA ANALYSIS 6.1.2 TOWARDS KENGRI

Traffic engineering studies are carried out to analyse the BUS TRACTOR CYCLE TWO traffic characteristic and their movements along the 4% 1% 0% WHEELER identified roads. The results of these studies are used for 29% the design of geometric features and traffic controls AUTO 16% measures for safe and efficient traffic movements. The LCV analyses of results of these studies are also useful for 22% assessing the need of the proposed road project.

5.3 PASSENGER CAR UNITS (PCU) PASSENGE R CAR Capacity is expressed in ‘Passenger Car Units (PCU) per 28% hour. If the addition of one vehicle per hour in a traffic stream reduces the average speed of the vehicles by the Figure 7 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours same amount as the addition of ‘x’ cars per hr, then the towards Kengri (Morning) vehicle of that type is considered to be equivalent to x PCUs. BUS TRACTOR CYCLE 6. DATA COLLECTION AUTO 16% 6% 1% 0% TWO WHEELER 6.1 TRAFFIC VOLUME COUNT LCV 41% 3% 6.1.1 TOWARDS ELECTRONIC CITY CAR 33% TWO

5% 0% WHEELER 13% 31% 2% CYCLE 0% TRACTOR BUS Figure 8 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours 1% 5% CAR towards Kengri (Evening) 27% AUTO LCV 13% 3% 6.1.3 TOWARDS BANASHANKRI

Figure 5 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours BUS TRACTO CYCLE towards Electronic city (Morning) AUTO 8% R 0% TWO 21% 1% WHEELE R BUS TRACTOR CYCLE 39% 6% 1% 0% AUTO TWO 23% WHEELER PASSEN 39% LCV 3% GER CAR 28% CAR 27% LCV Figure 9 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours 4% towards Banashankari (Morning)

Figure 6 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours towards Electronic city (Evening)

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

TRACTOR CYCLE BUS 9% 1% 0% TWO 7. DATA ANALYSIS WHEELER 7.1 DATA ANALYSIS ON HOURLY BASIS AUTO 43% 7.1.1 TOWARDS ELECTRONIC CITY 23% CAR 21% LCV 3000 3% 2000 2806.5 1979.6 1000 1806.3

Figure 10 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours 0 towards Banashankari (Evening) 8 AM to 9AM to 10AM to 9AM 10AM 11AM

Figure 13 PCU Graph towards Electronic City 6.1.4 TOWARDS KANAKAPURA ROAD (Morning)

TRACTOR CYCLE BUS 1% 0% 11% 3000 AUTO TWO 2500 15% WHEELER 34% 2000 LCV 1500 2577 2143.6 2209.6 4% 1000 PASSENG 500 ER CAR 0 35% 4PM TO 5PM 5PM TO 6PM 6PM TO 7PM

Figure 14 PCU Graph towards Electronic city (Evening) Figure 11 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours towards Kanakapura road (Morning)

CYCLE 5000 BUS TRACTOR 0% 4000 7% 1% TWO 3000 WHEELER 4814.3 2000 3422.8 36% 2506.1 AUTO 1000 21% 0 8AM to 9AM to 10AM to CAR 9AM 10AM 11AM LCV 32% 3% Figure 15 PCU Graph towards Kengeri (Morning)

Figure 12 Pie Chart for Vehicular Count in Peak Hours towards Kanakapura (Evening) 7.1.2 TOWARDS KENGERI

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

2500

2000 4000 1500 2499.1 2065.2 2174.5 3000 1000 500 2000 3557.5 2677.6 2410.5 0 1000 4PM TO 5PM TO 6PM TO 5PM 6PM 7PM 0 8AM to 9AM to 10AM to 9AM 10AM 11AM Figure 16 PCU Graph Towards Kengeri (Evening) Figure 19 PCU Graph Towards Kanakapura (Morning) 7.1.3 TOWARDS BANSHANKARI 7.1.4 TOWARDS KANAKAPURA

3500

3000 5000 2500 4000 2000 3275.9 3000 1500 2518.6 4183.9 2145 2000 1000 3005.7 2138.7 500 1000 0 0 8AM to 9AM to 10AM to 4PM TO 5PM TO 6PM TO 9AM 10AM 11AM 5PM 6PM 7PM

Figure 17 PCU Graph Towards Banashankari (Morning) Figure 20 PCU Graph Towards Kanakapura (Evening) 8. DEVELOPMENT SUGGESTION

3000 SL. Type of Total design services volume 2500 carriageway 2000 NO. Sub- Collector 1500 2859.9 Arterial arterial 2120.7 2203.7 1000 1 2-Lane One- 2400 1900 1400 500 Way 0 4PM TO 5PM TO 6PM TO 2 2-Lane Two- 1500 1200 900 5PM 6PM 7PM Way

3 3-Lane One- 3600 2900 2200 Way Figure 18 PCU Graph towards Banashankari (Evening) 4 4-Lane 3000 2400 1800 Undivided

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

5 4-Lane 3600 2900 -  Bus stop has to be provided 75 meters after the Divided junction.  Turning lane for kengeri road as to be provided. 6 6-Lane 4800 3800 - Undivided ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

7 6-Lane 5400 4300 - We extend our sincerest gratitude to our guides Prof. Divided Pavankumar P N, Prof. Vinaykumar S N and our well wishers who had constantly encouraged us and helped us 8 8-Lane 7200 - - in all situations whenever needed. Divided REFERENCES - - - - -

[1] Guideline for capacity of urban roads by IRC: 106:1990.  According to IS-106-1990 code the recommended design service volume of 2- [2] Bharath H Aithal, Vinay S and Ramachandra T V, 2103. lane two-way should be 1200 for sub- Modeling and simulation of urbanization in greater arterial,4-lane divided is 2900 for sub-arterial bangalore, India, Proc. Of national spatial data and 6-lane divided is 5400 for arterial. infrastructure 2013 conference, IIT Bombay,  But when we see the data collected for the November 29-30,2013 selected junction, we have 1 road of 2-lane [3] Manuj Darbari Sanjay Medhavi and Abhay Kumar two-way sub-arterial, another road 4-lane Srivastava.“Development of effective Urban Road divided sub-arterial and 2 roads of 6-lane Traffic Management using workflow techniques for divided arterial. upcoming metro cities(India)”,International Journal of  The volume towards the electronic city road Hybrid Information Technology, Vol.1, NO. 3, pp. 99- in the morning peak hours the data is 108, July, 2008. obtained as 2806.5 and in the evening peak [4] HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL-2000 hour it is 2577.Which is almost to the [5] Dr.L.R.Kadiyali.”TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND recommended design service volume of 2900. TRANSPORT PLANNING”, Hanna publishers.Edition-  Even for other road of 2-lane two-way 2010,2011 kengeri road, the volume is 4814.3 in the morning peak hour and 2499.1 in the evening [6] Khanna and Justo.”Highway Engineering”,New Chand peak hour which is again exceeding the and Bros,Civil lines,Roorkee. Edition-2010 service volume of 1200. [7] Indian Roads Congress, “Manual for survey,  Then for other 2 roads of 6-lane divided the investigation and preparation of roads” recommended design service volume should [8] PCU equivalents in India Prof S L Dhingra at be 5400 for arterial. civil.iitb.ernet.in sun  For both the roads of kanakapura and banashankari as the collected data volume is not crossing above the recommended service BIOGRAPHIES volume, there is no problem from these two roads PAVANKUMAR P N, Asst.Professor Dept of Civil engineering in City 9. CONCLUSION Engineering College, B’lore.

 Electronic city road has to be widened in future.  Kengeri road has to be widened as it is exceeding twice the volume of recommended traffic volume.  Road widening at the critical part of the junction. VINAYKUMAR S N, Asst.Professor  Proper road marking has to be done. Dept of Civil engineering in City  By providing rotary, the accidents and collision Engineering College, B’lore. can be reduced.  Proper sign boards and zebra crossing.  Proper footpaths has to be given for the drainage and easy accessibility of pedestrians.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

BASAVARAJ CHANDRASHEKAR REDDY, Final year Student, BE Civil Engineering , City Engineering College, B’lore.

A BRAHMA PRAKASH SAH, Final year Student, BE Civil Engineering , City Engineering College, B’lore.