The Pragmatic Maxim and the Proof of Pragmatism (3): Habits and Interpretants
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And Peirce's Synechism
Elective Metaphysical Affi nities: Emerson’s “Natural History of Intellect” and Peirce’s Synechism Afi nidades Eletivas Metafísicas: A “História Natural do Intelecto” de Emerson e o Sinequismo de Peirce David A. Dilworth Philosophy Department State University of New York at Stony Brook – USA [email protected] Abstract: The paper suggests that Peirce’s late-phase metaphysical system af- termathed Emerson’s basic philosophical ideas elaborated over four decades before him. Peirce, with characteristic brilliance, transformed Emerson’s own luminous ideas into his categorial elaborations of abduction, cosmogonic synechism, universal semiosis, and the like. To illustrate this process of transformation, the paper provides a running synopsis of Emerson’s last signifi cant writing, “The Natural History of Intellect” (1870), which was ori- ginally part of a team-taught lecture series at Harvard that Emerson shared with six others, one of whom was the young C. S. Peirce. The synopsis evidences that virtually all of Peirce’s major metaphysical tenets had their precedent in Emerson. Among other places, Peirce acknowledged Emerson’s infl uence (together with that of Schelling) in his 1892 essay, “The Law of Mind.” Even before that, he referenced Emerson’s poem “The Sphinx” in his “A Guess at the Riddle” of 1887-88, the turning-point in Peirce’s career towarde metaphysical speculation. Peirce’s conscious awareness of Emerson’s philososphy and poetry traces back to many sources (including Emerson’s long friendship with his father, Benjamin Peirce). The elective affi nity be- tween his and Emerson’s views allows us to appreciate that the two authors forged a central strain of idealistic-cum-realistic metaphysical thinking that framed the later Pragmatisms of James and Dewey, among others. -
European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy, VIII-2 | 2016 “I Have to Confess I Cannot Read History So,” 2
European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy VIII-2 | 2016 Pragmatism and the Writing of History “I Have To Confess I Cannot Read History So,” On the Origins and Development of Peirce’s Philosophy of History Alessandro Topa Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/ejpap/628 DOI: 10.4000/ejpap.628 ISSN: 2036-4091 Publisher Associazione Pragma Electronic reference Alessandro Topa, « “I Have To Confess I Cannot Read History So,” », European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy [Online], VIII-2 | 2016, Online since 16 January 2017, connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ejpap/628 ; DOI : 10.4000/ejpap.628 This text was automatically generated on 19 April 2019. Author retains copyright and grants the European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. “I Have To Confess I Cannot Read History So,” 1 “I Have To Confess I Cannot Read History So,” On the Origins and Development of Peirce’s Philosophy of History Alessandro Topa AUTHOR'S NOTE I am indebted to the two anonymous referees, the editors and Emily Smith for suggestions that improved this paper. “The science of knowledge is to be a pragmatic history of the human mind.” Fichte, 1794 “Nature’s highest goal, to become wholly an object to herself, is achieved only through the last and highest order of reflection, which is none other than man; or, more generally, it is what we call reason, whereby nature first completely returns into herself, and by which it becomes apparent that nature is identical from the first with what we recognize in ourselves as the intelligent and the conscious.” Schelling, 1800 “Our physical science, whatever extravagant historicists may say, seems to have sprung up uncaused except by man’s intelligence and nature’s intelligibility, which never could before be operative because it was not studied minutely. -
The Semiotics of Images Photographic Conventions in Advertising NEDELJKOVIC Uros, Mag
The semiotics of Images Photographic conventions in advertising NEDELJKOVIC Uros, Mag. F. Arts – PUSKAREVIC Irma, MSc University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad Serbia 1. INTRODUCTION 3. PHOTOGRAPHY IN ADVERTISING This presentation explores semiotic power of photography in advertising. > popular for distributing propaganda messages The photographic image has become the most preferable visual tool of the mass culture on the account of its correlation with reality and, conse- > has ability to attract and hold attention quently, its ability to visually transfer cultural and social conventions. > commercial photographers use well known and popular forms ENABLE EASIER codes&forms RECEPTION BY In the world of advertising where there is tendency to minimize the noise THE VIEWER between the meaning that sender is transmitting and the meaning that the receiver might understand, the sender predicts the visual and verbal resources that a typical receiver holds and uses them to compose the 4. PRODUCTION OF MEANING THROUGH message. This composition is made possible with conventions, estab- PHOTOGRAPHIC GENRE lished principles and norms by which meaning is formed. In our investi- gation we use photography as a carrier of these visual resources with an > connection of photographic content with specific conventions of the genre overview of social dimension within advertising discourse. > selection of genre triggers connotations that the viewer holds > photography in advertising employs various genres to direct the message 2. PHOTOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS FOR EXAMPLE > if advertiser wants to call upon the truth and sincerity, he borrows the characteristics of the documentary photography genre. SOCIALLY 1. derived from art history & ESTABLISHED cultural heritage NORMS 2. -
Donna E. West Myrdene Anderson Editors Before and Beyond Consciousness
Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics Donna E. West Myrdene Anderson Editors Consensus on Peirce’s Concept of Habit Before and Beyond Consciousness Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics Volume 31 Series editor Lorenzo Magnani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Atocha Aliseda Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacan, Mexico Giuseppe Longo Centre Cavaillès, CNRS—Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France Chris Sinha Lund University, Lund, Sweden Paul Thagard Waterloo University, Waterloo, ON, Canada John Woods University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada About this Series Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics (SAPERE) publishes new developments and advances in all the fields of philosophy, epistemology, and ethics, bringing them together with a cluster of scientific disciplines and technological outcomes: from computer science to life sciences, from economics, law, and education to engineering, logic, and mathematics, from medicine to physics, human sciences, and politics. It aims at covering all the challenging philosophical and ethical themes of contemporary society, making them appropriately applicable to contemporary theoretical, methodological, and practical problems, impasses, controversies, and conflicts. The series includes monographs, lecture notes, selected contributions from specialized conferences and workshops as well as selected Ph.D. theses. Advisory Board A. Abe, Chiba, Japan A. Pereira, São Paulo, Brazil H. Andersen, Copenhagen, Denmark L.M. Pereira, Caparica, Portugal O. Bueno, Coral Gables, USA A.-V. Pietarinen, Helsinki, Finland S. Chandrasekharan, Mumbai, India D. Portides, Nicosia, Cyprus M. Dascal, Tel Aviv, Israel D. Provijn, Ghent, Belgium G.D. Crnkovic, Västerås, Sweden J. Queiroz, Juiz de Fora, Brazil M. -
Third Wave Feminism's Unhappy Marriage of Poststructuralism and Intersectionality Theory
Journal of Feminist Scholarship Volume 4 Issue 4 Spring 2013 Article 5 Spring 2013 Third Wave Feminism's Unhappy Marriage of Poststructuralism and Intersectionality Theory Susan Archer Mann University of New Orleans Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/jfs Part of the Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Law and Gender Commons, and the Women's History Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. Recommended Citation Mann, Susan A.. 2018. "Third Wave Feminism's Unhappy Marriage of Poststructuralism and Intersectionality Theory." Journal of Feminist Scholarship 4 (Spring): 54-73. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/jfs/vol4/iss4/5 This Viewpoint is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Feminist Scholarship by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Third Wave Feminism's Unhappy Marriage of Poststructuralism and Intersectionality Theory Cover Page Footnote The author wishes to thank Oxford University Press for giving her permission to draw from Chapters 1, 5, 6, 7, and the Conclusion of Doing Feminist Theory: From Modernity to Postmodernity (2012). This viewpoint is available in Journal of Feminist Scholarship: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/jfs/vol4/iss4/5 Mann: Third Wave Feminism's Unhappy Marriage VIEWPOINT Third Wave Feminism’s Unhappy Marriage of Poststructuralism and Intersectionality Theory Susan Archer Mann, University of New Orleans Abstract: This article first traces the history of unhappy marriages of disparate theoretical perspectives in US feminism. In recent decades, US third-wave authors have arranged their own unhappy marriage in that their major publications reflect an attempt to wed poststructuralism with intersectionality theory. -
Qualia NICHOLAS HARKNESS Harvard University, USA
Qualia NICHOLAS HARKNESS Harvard University, USA Qualia (singular, quale) are cultural emergents that manifest phenomenally as sensuous features or qualities. The anthropological challenge presented by qualia is to theorize elements of experience that are semiotically generated but apperceived as non-signs. Qualia are not reducible to a psychology of individual perceptions of sensory data, to a cultural ontology of “materiality,” or to philosophical intuitions about the subjective properties of consciousness. The analytical solution to the challenge of qualia is to con- sider tone in relation to the familiar linguistic anthropological categories of token and type. This solution has been made methodologically practical by conceptualizing qualia, in Peircean terms, as “facts of firstness” or firstness “under its form of secondness.” Inthephilosophyofmind,theterm“qualia”hasbeenusedtodescribetheineffable, intrinsic, private, and directly or immediately apprehensible experiences of “the way things seem,” which have been taken to constitute the atomic subjective properties of consciousness. This concept was challenged in an influential paper by Daniel Dennett, who argued that qualia “is a philosophers’ term which fosters nothing but confusion, and refers in the end to no properties or features at all” (Dennett 1988, 387). Dennett concluded, correctly, that these diverse elements of feeling, made sensuously present atvariouslevelsofattention,wereactuallyidiosyncraticresponsestoapperceptions of “public, relational” qualities. Qualia were, in effect, -
Conversational Maxim View of Politeness: Focus on Politeness Implicatures Raised in Performing Persian Offers and Invitations
ISSN 1799-2591 Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 52-58, January 2016 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0601.07 Conversational Maxim View of Politeness: Focus on Politeness Implicatures Raised in Performing Persian Offers and Invitations Mojde Yaqubi Malay Language, Translation and Interpreting Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Karwan Mustafa Saeed School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Mahta Khaksari Islamic Azad University, Baft Branch, Baft, Iran Abstract—This study reviewed the criticisms against Brown and Levinson’s (1987) claim about necessity of violation of cooperative principles (CP) in giving rise to politeness implicatures. To support these critiques, evidences from Persian offers and invitations were provided from the texts of 10 Iranian movies. As no alternative framework for analysing the content of these implicatures has been proposed so far, the researchers adopted two politeness principles namely ‘tact’ and ‘generosity’ maxims as well as the cost-benefit and directness-indirectness scales proposed by Leech (1983) to fill this gap in the area of Persian pragmatics. The results of this study showed that both generosity and tact maxims are the main reasons behind both direct and indirect offers and invitations. Besides, the results showed that cost-benefit scale can explain the politeness implicatures raised in performing these speech acts better than directness-indirectness scale. Index Terms—politeness implicature, offer, invitation Cooperative Principles (CP), Politeness Principles (PP), Brown and Levinson’s theory, Leech’s theory I. BACKGROUND OF STUDY Since the speech act theory has been postulated by Austin (1962) and refined by Searle (1969), it has been used in wider context in linguistics for the purpose of explaining the language use. -
A Philosophical Commentary on Cs Peirce's “On a New List
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts A PHILOSOPHICAL COMMENTARY ON C. S. PEIRCE'S \ON A NEW LIST OF CATEGORIES": EXHIBITING LOGICAL STRUCTURE AND ABIDING RELEVANCE A Dissertation in Philosophy by Masato Ishida °c 2009 Masato Ishida Submitted in Partial Ful¯lment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 The dissertation of Masato Ishida was reviewed and approved¤ by the following: Vincent M. Colapietro Professor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Dennis Schmidt Professor of Philosophy Christopher P. Long Associate Professor of Philosophy Director of Graduate Studies for the Department of Philosophy Stephen G. Simpson Professor of Mathematics ¤ Signatures are on ¯le in the Graduate School. ii ABSTRACT This dissertation focuses on C. S. Peirce's relatively early paper \On a New List of Categories"(1867). The entire dissertation is devoted to an extensive and in-depth analysis of this single paper in the form of commentary. All ¯fteen sections of the New List are examined. Rather than considering the textual genesis of the New List, or situating the work narrowly in the early philosophy of Peirce, as previous scholarship has done, this work pursues the genuine philosophical content of the New List, while paying attention to the later philosophy of Peirce as well. Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason is also taken into serious account, to which Peirce contrasted his new theory of categories. iii Table of Contents List of Figures . ix Acknowledgements . xi General Introduction 1 The Subject of the Dissertation . 1 Features of the Dissertation . -
Nudge-Ansätze Beim Nachhaltigen Konsum: Ermittlung Und Entwicklung Von Maßnahmen Zum „Anstoßen“ Nachhaltiger Konsummuster Abschlussbericht
TEXTE 69 /2017 Nudge-Ansätze beim nachhaltigen Konsum: Ermittlung und Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zum „Anstoßen“ nachhaltiger Konsummuster Abschlussbericht TEXTE 69/2017 Umweltforschungsplan des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit Forschungskennzahl 3714 93 303 0 UBA-FB 002451 Nudge-Ansätze beim nachhaltigen Konsum: Ermittlung und Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zum „Anstoßen“ nachhaltiger Konsummuster von Prof. Dr. Christian Thorun, Dr. Jana Diels und Dr. Max Vetter ConPolicy – Institut für Verbraucherpolitik, Berlin Prof. Dr. Lucia Reisch und Manuela Bernauer, M.A. Copenhagen Business School, Kopenhagen (DK) Zeppelin Universität, Friedrichshafen Prof. Dr. Hans-W. Micklitz Europäisches Hochschulinstitut, Florenz (I) und Prof. Dr. Kai Purnhagen Wageningen University, Wageningen (NL) Dr. Jan Rosenow und Daniel Forster Ricardo-AEA, Oxfordshire (UK) Mit freundlicher Unterstützung durch Prof. Dr. Cass R. Sunstein Harvard Law School, Cambridge (USA) Im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes Impressum Herausgeber: Umweltbundesamt Wörlitzer Platz 1 06844 Dessau-Roßlau Tel: +49 340-2103-0 Fax: +49 340-2103-2285 [email protected] Internet: www.umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt Durchführung der Studie: ConPolicy – Institut für Verbraucherpolitik Crellestraße 37 10827 Berlin Abschlussdatum: August 2016 Redaktion: Fachgebiet III 1.1 Übergreifende Aspekte des Produktbezogenen Umweltschutzes, Nachhaltige Konsumstrukturen Lisa Kossolobow Publikationen als pdf: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen ISSN 1862-4359 Dessau-Roßlau, August 2017 Das diesem Bericht zu Grunde liegende Vorhaben wurde mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz, Bau und Reaktorsicherheit unter der Forschungskennzahl 3714 93 303 0 finanziert. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröffentlichung liegt bei den Autorinnen und Autoren. Kurzbeschreibung Im vorliegenden Forschungsvorhaben wird das Potential von Nudges für den Bereich des nachhaltigen Konsums mit Schwerpunkt auf ökologischen Konsum untersucht. -
Peirce and the Founding of American Sociology
Journal of Classical Sociology Copyright © 2006 SAGE Publications London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi Vol 6(1): 23–50 DOI: 10.1177/1468795X06061283 www.sagepublications.com Peirce and the Founding of American Sociology NORBERT WILEY University of Illinois, Urbana ABSTRACT This paper argues that Charles Sanders Peirce contributed signific- antly to the founding of American sociology, doing so at the level of philosophical presuppositions or meta-sociology. I emphasize two of his ideas. One is semiotics, which is virtually the same as the anthropologists’ concept of culture. This latter concept in turn was essential to clarifying the sociologists’ idea of the social or society. Peirce also created the modern theory of the dialogical self, which explained the symbolic character of human beings and proved foundational for social psychology. Politically Peirce was a right-wing conservative, but his ideas eventually contributed to the egalitarian views of culures and sub-cultures. In addition his ideas contributed, by way of unanticipated consequences, to the 20th- century human rights revolutions in the American legal system. Thus he was both a founder of sociology and a founder of American political liberalism. KEYWORDS early American sociology, inner speech, Peirce, semiotics Introduction Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) originated several ideas that contributed to social theory, particularly to its philosophical underpinnings. Some of these are in unfamiliar contexts and in need of a slight re-framing or re-conceptualization. They also need to be related to each other. But, assuming these finishing touches, Peirce hadFirst a cluster of powerful insights that tradeProof heavily on the notions of the symbolic, the semiotic, the dialogical, the cultural and the self – ideas central to social theory. -
An Introduction to Philosophy
An Introduction to Philosophy W. Russ Payne Bellevue College Copyright (cc by nc 4.0) 2015 W. Russ Payne Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document with attribution under the terms of Creative Commons: Attribution Noncommercial 4.0 International or any later version of this license. A copy of the license is found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 1 Contents Introduction ………………………………………………. 3 Chapter 1: What Philosophy Is ………………………….. 5 Chapter 2: How to do Philosophy ………………….……. 11 Chapter 3: Ancient Philosophy ………………….………. 23 Chapter 4: Rationalism ………….………………….……. 38 Chapter 5: Empiricism …………………………………… 50 Chapter 6: Philosophy of Science ………………….…..… 58 Chapter 7: Philosophy of Mind …………………….……. 72 Chapter 8: Love and Happiness …………………….……. 79 Chapter 9: Meta Ethics …………………………………… 94 Chapter 10: Right Action ……………………...…………. 108 Chapter 11: Social Justice …………………………...…… 120 2 Introduction The goal of this text is to present philosophy to newcomers as a living discipline with historical roots. While a few early chapters are historically organized, my goal in the historical chapters is to trace a developmental progression of thought that introduces basic philosophical methods and frames issues that remain relevant today. Later chapters are topically organized. These include philosophy of science and philosophy of mind, areas where philosophy has shown dramatic recent progress. This text concludes with four chapters on ethics, broadly construed. I cover traditional theories of right action in the third of these. Students are first invited first to think about what is good for themselves and their relationships in a chapter of love and happiness. Next a few meta-ethical issues are considered; namely, whether they are moral truths and if so what makes them so. -
Peirce, Pragmatism, and the Right Way of Thinking
SANDIA REPORT SAND2011-5583 Unlimited Release Printed August 2011 Peirce, Pragmatism, and The Right Way of Thinking Philip L. Campbell Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.. Approved for public release; further dissemination unlimited. Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represent that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily con- stitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors. Printed in the United States of America. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy.