DOCSLIB.ORG

Feven Wudneh.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Feven Wudneh.Pdf ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF ARTEMETHER LUMEFANTRINE (AL) IN PATIENTS WITH UNCOMPLICATED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN GENDE WUHA HEALTH CENTER , NORTH WEST ETHIOPIA Principal Investigator: Feven Wudneh (Msc.) Advisors: Ato Tadesse Kebede (Assi Prof) Ato Ashenafi Assefa (Msc.) A thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Addis Ababa University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Master’s Degree in Medical Parasitology JUNE, 2015 ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has never been presented in this or any other University and that all the source materials used for the thesis have been duly acknowledged. _______________________ ____________________ PI Signature _______________________ ____________________ Date of Submission Place Approval of the thesis This thesis has been submitted for examination with my appraisal as a university advisor: ______________________________ __________________ Advisor Signature ______________________________ __________________ Examiner Signature ______________________________ __________________ Examiner Signature i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Tadesse Kebede (Asst.prof.) from DMIP and Ashenafi Assefa from EPHI for their guidance, constructive suggestions and comments. I am grateful to all the patients who agreed to participate in the study and all Gende Wuha Health Center staffs who supplied me valuable information about the study area and my co-workers, Ato Dereje Tadesse(a laboratory technician), Sr. Abeba Mulu (a Nurse) and Ato Desta Chane (a Home visitor). I would also like to acknowledge AFRO, World Health Organization for the fund and Ato Moges Kassa for giving me the chance to participate in this study. Finally, I would like to thank my husband, Yabibal Gebeyehu, my daughter, Saron Yabibal, my father, Wudneh Mengesha and all other members of my family for their consistent moral support in doing this thesis. ii ACRONYMS ACT: Artemisinin- based Combination therapy ACPR: Adequate clinical and parasitological Response CDC: Center for Disease Control CQ: Chloroquine EPHI: Ethiopian public health institution ETF: Early threatment failure FMOH: Federal ministry of health GDP: Gross Domestic Product ICH: International conference on harmonization IRS: Indoor residual spraying LCF: Late clinical failure LLINS: Long-lasting insecticidal netss OPD: Outpatient department PMI: Project management institute RDT: Rapid Diagnostic Test SP: Sulphadoxine -pyrimethamine SNNP: Southern nation nationalities and peoples SUFI: Scale up for impact TTF: Total treatment failure URTI: Upper Respiratory Tract Infection UNICEF: United nation international children emergency fund WHO: World health organization iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Page No DECLARATION…………………………………………………………………………………i ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………………….......................................ii ACRONYMS……………………………………………………………………………………iii TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………………..iv LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………………...vii LIST OF TABLES……………………………………...……………………………………....viii ABSTRACT................................................................................................................ix 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Back ground and Statement of the problem……………………………………………..1 1.2. Global Malaria Burden………………………………………………………………......3 1.3. Malaria in Ethiopia……………………………………………………………………....4 1.4. Malaria Prevalence in Gende Wuha City………………………………………………..5 1.5. Anti - Malaria Interventions………………………………………………………..........6 1.5.1. Vector Control…………………………………………………………………….6 1.5.2. Artemether-Lumefantrine (Coartem®) as treatment……………………………...6 1.6. Anti - malarial drug resistance…………………………………………………………...8 1.7. Statement of the problem………………………………………………………………..10 2. OBJECTIVES………………………………………………………………………………...11 2.1. General Objective……………………………………………………………………….11 2.2. Specific Objective…………………………………………………………………….....11 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS……………………………………………………………..12 3.1. Study Area………………………………………………………………………………12 3.2. Study Periods……………………………………………………………………………13 3.3. Study Design…………………………………………………………………………….13 3.4. Study Population………………………………………………………………………...13 3.5. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria…………………………………………………………14 3.5.1. Inclusion criteria……………………………………………………………....14 3.5.2. Exclusion Criteria……………………………………………………...……...14 iv 3.6. Sample size ………………………………………………………………………….….14 3.7. Treatment and dosing procedure………………………………………………………...15 3.8. Follow-up procedure and evaluation………………………………………………........15 3.9. Hemoglobin measurement…………………………………………………………........15 3.10. Assessment of adverse events…………………………………………………….........16 3.11. With drawl after enrollment……………………………………………………............16 3.12. Lost to follow up………………………………………………………………………17 3.13. Other medication…………………………………………………………………….....17 3.14. Study end points………………………………………………………………………..17 3.15. Classification of treatment outcome………...…………………………………….18 3.16. Laboratory procedures………………………………………………………………....18 3.17. Screening and Follow up of the study Participants…………………………………….20 3.18.Statistical analyses……………………………………………………………………..22 3.19. Ethical Considerations…………………………………………………………………22 4. RESULT……………………………………………………………………………………....23 4.1. Cure Rate of Coartum…………………………………………………………………...23 4.2. Parasite Clearance……………………………………………………………………….24 4.3. Fever Clearance………………………………………………………………………....25 4.4. Gametocyte Clearance…………………………………………………………………..25 4.5. Hemoglobin Recovery…………………………………………………………………..25 4.6. Adverse Events following Coartum Treatment………………………………………....26 4.7. Discussion…………………………………………………………………………….....27 4.8. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………....29 RECOMMENDATION………………………………………………………………………..30 REFERENCES…….………….…………………………………………………………..…...31 ANNEXES………………..……………………………………………………………………36 Annex I. Weight based administration of Coartem………………………………………..36 Annex II. Assessment of drug administration at home……………………………….......36 Annex III. List of Medications with antimalarial activity that should not be used during the study period……….……………………………………………….36 Annex IV. Patient screening form…………………………………………………..…….37 v Annex V. Patient Follow-up Card………………………………………………………..…..37 Annex VI. Patient Record Sheet….……………………………..………………...………..…38 Annex VII. Adult Consent Form ………….………………………………………..………...39 Annex VIII. Children Consent ……. ……………….…..………….………………………..43 Annex IX. Case Record Form…………………………………….....…...............................47 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Prevalence of malaria infection in Gende Wuha Health Center from Sep 2006 to Aug 2006……………………………………………………………………………………………....5 Figure 2. Location Map of metema district…………………………………………………….12 Figure 3. The follow-up of patients through the trial at Gende Wuha Health Center…...……...21 Figure 4. Parasite clearance following Coartem® -treatment of plasmodium falciparum malaria infected Patients in Gende Wuha Health Center………………………………………………...23 Figure 5.Fever clearance in Coartem® -treated plasmodium falciparum malaria patients during the follow up Period in Gende Wuha Health Center………...…………………………………..24 vii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Characteristics of the study participants included on the 28 day follow-up in vivo Coartem® efficacy study at the time of enrollment in Gende Wuha Health Center , 2014/2015…..…….……………………………………………………....22 Table 2. Cure rate of Coartem® treated plasmodium falciparum malaria infected study participants in Gende Wuha Health Center, 2014/2015……..…...……………..…23 Table 3. Resolution of anemia observed in plasmodium falciparum malaria infected study participants following Coartem® treatment in Gende Wuha Health Center, 2014/2015………………………………………………………………………….25 Table 4. Characteristic clinical signs and symptoms reported by patients before and after taking Coartem® treatment in Gende Wuha Health Center, 2014/2015……….....25 viii Abstract Background: Most malaria control strategies depend on safe and effective drugs, although, drug resistance is the most serious problem in achieving control of malaria. Artemether/Lumefantrine (coartum®) has been used as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection since 2004 in Ethiopia. The spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to almost all available affordable mono-therapy, in many malaria endemic regions, is a serious impediment on malaria control. As a result there is a need to a periodic evaluation of efficacy of antimalarial drugs. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Coartem® for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infections in patients attending Gende Wuha Health Center Gondar Zone, North-West Ethiopia. Method: One arm prospective in vivo evaluation of the efficacy of artemether/lumefantrine (AL) was conducted in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection. Standard six dose regimen of AL was given twice daily for 3 days under supervision and clinical and parasitological responses during a 28 day follow-up period were assess ed using a standardized drug efficacy record form, on days 0, 1 ,2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and adverse drug events as well as Hgb changes were also investigated. Result: A total of 81 P. falciparom mono infected patients were included in the study, majority 82.4% were males. Overall, the 28-day clinical and parasitological cure rate was
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Districts of Ethiopia
    Region District or Woredas Zone Remarks Afar Region Argobba Special Woreda -- Independent district/woredas Afar Region Afambo Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Asayita Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Chifra Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Dubti Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Elidar Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Kori Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Mille Zone 1 (Awsi Rasu) Afar Region Abala Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Afdera Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Berhale Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Dallol Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Erebti Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Koneba Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Megale Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Afar Region Amibara Zone 3 (Gabi Rasu) Afar Region Awash Fentale Zone 3 (Gabi Rasu) Afar Region Bure Mudaytu Zone 3 (Gabi Rasu) Afar Region Dulecha Zone 3 (Gabi Rasu) Afar Region Gewane Zone 3 (Gabi Rasu) Afar Region Aura Zone 4 (Fantena Rasu) Afar Region Ewa Zone 4 (Fantena Rasu) Afar Region Gulina Zone 4 (Fantena Rasu) Afar Region Teru Zone 4 (Fantena Rasu) Afar Region Yalo Zone 4 (Fantena Rasu) Afar Region Dalifage (formerly known as Artuma) Zone 5 (Hari Rasu) Afar Region Dewe Zone 5 (Hari Rasu) Afar Region Hadele Ele (formerly known as Fursi) Zone 5 (Hari Rasu) Afar Region Simurobi Gele'alo Zone 5 (Hari Rasu) Afar Region Telalak Zone 5 (Hari Rasu) Amhara Region Achefer -- Defunct district/woredas Amhara Region Angolalla Terana Asagirt -- Defunct district/woredas Amhara Region Artuma Fursina Jile -- Defunct district/woredas Amhara Region Banja -- Defunct district/woredas Amhara Region Belessa --
    [Show full text]
  • Technological Gaps of Agricultural Extension: Mismatch Between Demand and Supply in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
    Vol.10(8), pp. 144-149, August 2018 DOI: 10.5897/JAERD2018.0954 Articles Number: 0B0314557914 ISSN: 2141-2170 Copyright ©2018 Journal of Agricultural Extension and Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/JAERD Rural Development Full Length Research Paper Technological gaps of agricultural extension: Mismatch between demand and supply in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia Genanew Agitew1*, Sisay Yehuala1, Asegid Demissie2 and Abebe Dagnew3 1Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture and Rural Transformation, University of Gondar, Ethiopia. 2College of Business and Economics, University of Gondar, Ethiopia. 3Departments of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture and Rural Transformation, University of Gondar, Ethiopia. Received 27 March, 2018; Accepted 30 April, 2018 This paper examines technological challenges of the agricultural extension in North Gondar Zone of Ethiopia. Understanding technological gaps in public agricultural extension helps to devise demand driven and compatible technologies to existing contexts of farmers. The study used cross sectional survey using quantitative and qualitative techniques. Data were generated from primary and secondary sources using household survey from randomly taken households, focus group discussions, key informant interview, observation and review of relevant documents and empirical works. The result of study shows that there are mismatches between needs of smallholders in crop and livestock production and available agricultural technologies delivered by public agricultural extension system. The existing agricultural technologies are limited and unable to meet the diverse needs of farm households. On the other hand, some of agricultural technologies in place are not appropriate to existing context because of top-down recommendations than need based innovation approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Chicken Ecotypes in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
    Global Veterinaria 12 (3): 361-368, 2014 ISSN 1992-6197 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.03.76136 Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Chicken Ecotypes in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia 12Addis Getu, Kefyalew Alemayehu and 3Zewdu Wuletaw 1University of Gondar, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Production and Extension 2Bahir Dar University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Production and Technology 3Sustainable Land Management Organization (SLM) Bihar Dar, Ethiopia Abstract: An exploratory field survey was conducted in north Gondar zone, Ethiopia to identify and characterize the local chicken ecotypes. Seven qualitative and twelve quantitative traits from 450 chickens were considered. Chicken ecotypes such as necked neck, Gasgie and Gugut from Quara, Alefa and Tache Armacheho districts were identified, respectively. Morphometric measurements indicated that the body weight and body length of necked neck and Gasgie ecotypes were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than Gugut ecotypes except in shank circumstances. Sex and ecotype were the significant (p < 0.01) sources of variation for both body weights and linear body measurements. The relationship of body weight with other body measurements for all ecotypes in both sexes were highly significant (r = 0.67, p < 0.01). Some traits like wingspan, body length and super length (r = 0.64, P < 0.01) for males and for females (r = 0.59, P < 0.01) of necked neck chickens are significantly correlated with body weight. Therefore, highly correlated traits are the basic indicators for estimation of the continuous prediction of body weight of chicken. Identification and characterization of new genetic resources should be employed routinely to validate and investigate the resources in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Local History of Ethiopia Ma - Mezzo © Bernhard Lindahl (2008)
    Local History of Ethiopia Ma - Mezzo © Bernhard Lindahl (2008) ma, maa (O) why? HES37 Ma 1258'/3813' 2093 m, near Deresge 12/38 [Gz] HES37 Ma Abo (church) 1259'/3812' 2549 m 12/38 [Gz] JEH61 Maabai (plain) 12/40 [WO] HEM61 Maaga (Maago), see Mahago HEU35 Maago 2354 m 12/39 [LM WO] HEU71 Maajeraro (Ma'ajeraro) 1320'/3931' 2345 m, 13/39 [Gz] south of Mekele -- Maale language, an Omotic language spoken in the Bako-Gazer district -- Maale people, living at some distance to the north-west of the Konso HCC.. Maale (area), east of Jinka 05/36 [x] ?? Maana, east of Ankar in the north-west 12/37? [n] JEJ40 Maandita (area) 12/41 [WO] HFF31 Maaquddi, see Meakudi maar (T) honey HFC45 Maar (Amba Maar) 1401'/3706' 1151 m 14/37 [Gz] HEU62 Maara 1314'/3935' 1940 m 13/39 [Gu Gz] JEJ42 Maaru (area) 12/41 [WO] maass..: masara (O) castle, temple JEJ52 Maassarra (area) 12/41 [WO] Ma.., see also Me.. -- Mabaan (Burun), name of a small ethnic group, numbering 3,026 at one census, but about 23 only according to the 1994 census maber (Gurage) monthly Christian gathering where there is an orthodox church HET52 Maber 1312'/3838' 1996 m 13/38 [WO Gz] mabera: mabara (O) religious organization of a group of men or women JEC50 Mabera (area), cf Mebera 11/41 [WO] mabil: mebil (mäbil) (A) food, eatables -- Mabil, Mavil, name of a Mecha Oromo tribe HDR42 Mabil, see Koli, cf Mebel JEP96 Mabra 1330'/4116' 126 m, 13/41 [WO Gz] near the border of Eritrea, cf Mebera HEU91 Macalle, see Mekele JDK54 Macanis, see Makanissa HDM12 Macaniso, see Makaniso HES69 Macanna, see Makanna, and also Mekane Birhan HFF64 Macargot, see Makargot JER02 Macarra, see Makarra HES50 Macatat, see Makatat HDH78 Maccanissa, see Makanisa HDE04 Macchi, se Meki HFF02 Macden, see May Mekden (with sub-post office) macha (O) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • From Falashas to Ethiopian Jews
    FROM FALASHAS TO ETHIOPIAN JEWS: THE EXTERNAL INFLUENCES FOR CHANGE C. 1860-1960 BY DANIEL P. SUMMERFIELD A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON (SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES) FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PhD) 1997 ProQuest Number: 10673074 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673074 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The arrival of a Protestant mission in Ethiopia during the 1850s marks a turning point in the history of the Falashas. Up until this point, they lived relatively isolated in the country, unaffected and unaware of the existence of world Jewry. Following this period and especially from the beginning of the twentieth century, the attention of certain Jewish individuals and organisations was drawn to the Falashas. This contact initiated a period of external interference which would ultimately transform the Falashas, an Ethiopian phenomenon, into Ethiopian Jews, whose culture, religion and identity became increasingly connected with that of world Jewry. It is the purpose of this thesis to examine the external influences that implemented and continued the process of transformation in Falasha society which culminated in their eventual emigration to Israel.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Final Evaluation Report
    ETHIOPIA: Mid-Term Evaluation of UNCDF’s Local Development Programme Submitted to: United Nations Capital Development Fund Final Evaluation Report 23 July 2007 Prepared by: Maple Place North Woodmead Business Park 145 Western Service Road Woodmead 2148 Tel: +2711 802 0015 Fax: +2711 802 1060 www.eciafrica.com UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT FUND EVALUATION REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PROJECT SUMMARY 1 2. PURPOSE OF THE EVALUATION 2 Purpose of the evaluation 2 Programme Cycle 2 3. EVALUATION METHODOLOGY 3 Methodology and tools used 3 Work plan 4 Team composition 5 4. PROGRAMME PROFILE 6 Understanding the context 6 Donor Interventions in Amhara Region 7 Programme Summary 8 Programme Status 9 5. KEY EVALUATION FINDINGS 13 Results achievement 13 Sustainability of results 21 Factors affecting successful implementation & results achievement 24 External Factors 24 Programme related factors 24 Strategic position and partnerships 26 Future UNCDF role 27 6. LESSONS 28 Programme-level lessons 28 7. RECOMMENDATIONS 29 Results achievement 29 Sustainability of results 29 Factors affecting successful implementation and results achievement 30 Strategic positioning and partnerships 31 Future UNCDF role 31 “The analysis and recommendations of this report do not necessarily reflect the view of the United Nations Capital Development Fund, its Executive Board or the United Nations Member States. This is an independent publication of UNCDF and reflects the views of its authors” PREPARED BY ECIAFRICA CONSULTING (PTY) LTD, PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL i 2007/05/24
    [Show full text]
  • Benefit SBN 2019 Annual Report
    Benefit SBN 2019 Annual Report 1 2 Contents 1.Sustainable agricultural production: Production cost price reduction 1 1.1. Sustainable agricultural production – Production cost price reduction 1 1.1.1. Yield and quality improvement 2 1.1.2. Harvest, transport and storage loss reduction 8 1.1.3. Improved farmers’ access to input credit 9 2. Product and market development 11 2.1. Post-harvest value creation 11 2.1.1 Store management 12 2.1.2.Cleaning and sorting 12 2.1.3. Exploring local oil extraction and quality standards 12 2.1.4. Product development for sesame and its rotational crops 13 2.2 Improved market linkages and sales 13 2.2.1. Cooperative spot market trade 13 2.2.2. Direct marketing unions and investors 14 2.2.3. Sourcing of processing companies 14 2.2.4. Marketing rotational crops 15 2.3. Improved access to marketing credit 15 2.3.1 Guarantee fund 15 3.Strengthened enabling environment for the Ethiopian sesame sector 17 3.1. Evidence-based information gathering and sharing 18 3.1.1. Stakeholder databases at woreda level (Excel and E-Prod) 18 3.1.2. Lessons learned, issue briefs and experience papers 18 3.1.3. Market information 19 3.1.4. Training and extension materials 19 3.2, Stakeholder capacity development 20 3.2.1. ARC staff training 20 3.2.2. Agronomic training 20 Table 2. No of farmers participated in GAP at woreda and kebele levels 21 Table 3 No of development agents trained at woreda and zone level 21 3.2.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Transhumance Cattle Production System in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is It Sustainable?
    WP14_Cover.pdf 2/12/2009 2:21:51 PM www.ipms-ethiopia.org Working Paper No. 14 Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? Azage Tegegne,* Tesfaye Mengistie, Tesfaye Desalew, Worku Teka and Eshete Dejen Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia * Corresponding author: [email protected] Authors’ affiliations Azage Tegegne, Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tesfaye Mengistie, Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Tesfaye Desalew, Kutaber woreda Office of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kutaber, South Wello Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Worku Teka, Research and Development Officer, Metema, Amhara Region, Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Eshete Dejen, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute (ARARI), P.O. Box 527, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia © 2009 ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute). All rights reserved. Parts of this publication may be reproduced for non-commercial use provided that such reproduction shall be subject to acknowledgement of ILRI as holder of copyright. Editing, design and layout—ILRI Publications Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Correct citation: Azage Tegegne, Tesfaye Mengistie, Tesfaye Desalew, Worku Teka and Eshete Dejen. 2009. Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospección Arqueológica Y Etnoarqueológica De Metema Y Qwara (Etiopía) 95 Prospección Arqueológica Y Etnoarqueológica De Metema Y Qwara (Etiopía)
    Prospección arqueológica y etnoarqueológica de Metema y Qwara (Etiopía) 95 Prospección arqueológica y etnoarqueológica de Metema y Qwara (Etiopía) Alfredo González-Ruibal Incipit-CSIC [email protected] Xurxo Ayán Vila GPAC-Universidad del País Vasco [email protected] Worku Derara Megenassa Department of Archaeology, Addis Ababa University [email protected] Álvaro Falquina Aparicio Arqueólogo [email protected] Manuel Sánchez-Elipe Lorente Departamento de Prehistoria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid [email protected] Resumen: el área noroccidental de Etiopía es desconocida desde un punto de vista arqueológi- co, pese a su importancia como una zona de transición entre las tierras bajas sudanesas y el altiplano etíope. En 2013 llevamos a cabo la primera prospección arqueológica y etnoarqueoló- gica del área. Durante nuestra investigación descubrimos tanto yacimientos prehistóricos como históricos. Por lo que se refiere a los primeros, se trata de áreas de dispersión de materiales líti- cos pertenecientes mayoritariamente a la Late Stone Age. Más relevante es el descubrimiento de un abrigo rocoso con pinturas esquemáticas, dada su rareza en la frontera etíope-sudanesa. La mayor parte de los yacimientos históricos son fuertes de piedra datados en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, la mayor parte de los cuales se reocuparon durante el periodo italiano (1936-1941). Desde el punto de vista de la etnoarqueología destaca el «descubrimiento» de un grupo étnico no documentado: los dats’in, hablantes de una lengua desconocida emparentada con el gumuz. Palabras clave: Late Stone Age (LSA), arte rupestre, Sudán turco-egipcio, colonialismo italiano, fuertes fronterizos, pueblos nilo-saharianos. Informes y trabajos 12 | Págs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopia Round 6 SDP Questionnaire
    Ethiopia Round 6 SDP Questionnaire Always 001a. Your name: [NAME] Is this your name? ◯ Yes ◯ No 001b. Enter your name below. 001a = 0 Please record your name 002a = 0 Day: 002b. Record the correct date and time. Month: Year: ◯ TIGRAY ◯ AFAR ◯ AMHARA ◯ OROMIYA ◯ SOMALIE BENISHANGUL GUMZ 003a. Region ◯ ◯ S.N.N.P ◯ GAMBELA ◯ HARARI ◯ ADDIS ABABA ◯ DIRE DAWA filter_list=${this_country} ◯ NORTH WEST TIGRAY ◯ CENTRAL TIGRAY ◯ EASTERN TIGRAY ◯ SOUTHERN TIGRAY ◯ WESTERN TIGRAY ◯ MEKELE TOWN SPECIAL ◯ ZONE 1 ◯ ZONE 2 ◯ ZONE 3 ZONE 5 003b. Zone ◯ ◯ NORTH GONDAR ◯ SOUTH GONDAR ◯ NORTH WELLO ◯ SOUTH WELLO ◯ NORTH SHEWA ◯ EAST GOJAM ◯ WEST GOJAM ◯ WAG HIMRA ◯ AWI ◯ OROMIYA 1 ◯ BAHIR DAR SPECIAL ◯ WEST WELLEGA ◯ EAST WELLEGA ◯ ILU ABA BORA ◯ JIMMA ◯ WEST SHEWA ◯ NORTH SHEWA ◯ EAST SHEWA ◯ ARSI ◯ WEST HARARGE ◯ EAST HARARGE ◯ BALE ◯ SOUTH WEST SHEWA ◯ GUJI ◯ ADAMA SPECIAL ◯ WEST ARSI ◯ KELEM WELLEGA ◯ HORO GUDRU WELLEGA ◯ Shinile ◯ Jijiga ◯ Liben ◯ METEKEL ◯ ASOSA ◯ PAWE SPECIAL ◯ GURAGE ◯ HADIYA ◯ KEMBATA TIBARO ◯ SIDAMA ◯ GEDEO ◯ WOLAYITA ◯ SOUTH OMO ◯ SHEKA ◯ KEFA ◯ GAMO GOFA ◯ BENCH MAJI ◯ AMARO SPECIAL ◯ DAWURO ◯ SILTIE ◯ ALABA SPECIAL ◯ HAWASSA CITY ADMINISTRATION ◯ AGNEWAK ◯ MEJENGER ◯ HARARI ◯ AKAKI KALITY ◯ NEFAS SILK-LAFTO ◯ KOLFE KERANIYO 2 ◯ GULELE ◯ LIDETA ◯ KIRKOS-SUB CITY ◯ ARADA ◯ ADDIS KETEMA ◯ YEKA ◯ BOLE ◯ DIRE DAWA filter_list=${level1} ◯ TAHTAY ADIYABO ◯ MEDEBAY ZANA ◯ TSELEMTI ◯ SHIRE ENIDASILASE/TOWN/ ◯ AHIFEROM ◯ ADWA ◯ TAHTAY MAYCHEW ◯ NADER ADET ◯ DEGUA TEMBEN ◯ ABIYI ADI/TOWN/ ◯ ADWA/TOWN/ ◯ AXUM/TOWN/ ◯ SAESI TSADAMBA ◯ KLITE
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Modeling, Prediction and Seasonal Variation of Malaria in Northwest Ethiopia Asefa Adimasu Taddese, Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki* and Kassahun Alemu Gelaye
    Taddese et al. BMC Res Notes (2019) 12:273 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4305-1 BMC Research Notes RESEARCH NOTE Open Access Spatial modeling, prediction and seasonal variation of malaria in northwest Ethiopia Asefa Adimasu Taddese, Adhanom Gebreegziabher Baraki* and Kassahun Alemu Gelaye Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the spatial modeling, seasonal variation of malaria and making prediction map of malaria in northwest Ethiopia. Results: The overall average cumulative annual malaria incidence during the study period was 30 per 100 popula- tions at risk. The highest proportion (29.2%) was observed from June 2015 to October 2016. In temporal analysis of clusters, the epidemic was observed from 2015/7/1 to 2016/12/31 throughout the study period in all districts. Hot- spot areas with high clusters (p < 0.001) were observed in Metema district it accounts 18.6% of the total malaria cases. An area of high median predicted incidence proportion (> 50%) was seen in the southwest part of the region. Most of the northern part of the study area was predicted to have a low median incidence proportion (< 10%). Keywords: Spatial analysis, Interpolation, Bayesian kriging, Clustering, Geostatistics modeling Introduction Malaria mosquitos are aggregated over large areas and Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of time periods. Tere are few studies examining the extent humans caused by the genus Plasmodium, which are and drivers of local variation in malaria exposure. introduced into the circulatory system by the bite of an In geographical location, close proximity share com- infected female anopheles mosquito [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 22 Daatsʼíin, a Newly Identified Undocumented Language of Western Ethiopia: a Preliminary Examination Colleen Ahland SIL International
    Chapter 22 Daatsʼíin, a newly identified undocumented language of western Ethiopia: A preliminary examination Colleen Ahland SIL International Daatsʼíin is a heretofore unknown language spoken in western Ethiopia near the border with the Republic of Sudan. The Daatsʼíin people live in both Ethiopia and the Republic of Sudan but only those in Ethiopia still speak the Daatsʼíin language. The speakers of Daatsʼíin may number around 1,000 but may be as few as 300-500. This paper provides the first-ever overview of basic aspects of Daatsʼíin phonology, morphology and syntax. The overview documents that Daatsʼíin is structurally similar to the nearby Gumuz languages (of possible Nilo-Saharan affiliation) in many respects, including vocabulary, bound pronominals with a distinct tone for S versus A arguments, and incorporated nouns. However, there are a few differences, mainly in structure and certain tense-aspect categories of the verb word. 1 Introduction Daatsʼíin is the autonym of a people group living in western Ethiopia and the southern part of the Republic of Sudan. The Daats’íin in Sudan have lost their traditional language but those in Ethiopia still speak it. Up until 2013, the language and people group were unknown to researchers and not included in the Ethiopian Census. I traveled to the area in 2014 in order to investigate the language and confirmed that Daatsʼíin (ISO dtn) is distinct from but closely related to Gumuz (ISO guk). I estimate that the Daatsʼíin likely number less than 1000 and that their language may be in danger of dying due to their population size and the heavy influence of Arabic and Amharic in the area.
    [Show full text]