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7 F Often, Often, 6 5 Persecuting 4 Measuring LGBT human rights in 203 countries and regions and in 203 countries human rights LGBT Measuring In 2019, the government also rejected a proposal that that a proposal also rejected government the In 2019, because persons LGBTI for safeguards improve would the and land the of law the to “contrary were they KEY FINDINGS Legal Landscape (same-sex indecency” “gross and offenses” “Unnatural Penal under criminalized in acts) are sexual Sections Morality, Against Offenses XV: Chapter Code, from range punishments 138A. The and 154, 155, 157, years five at least and shillings 300,000 at least of fines on depending imprisonment lifetime to imprisonment of also criminalized in Zanzibar under are They offense. the Section 145. Act, (Amendment) Decree Penal Country USDOS the the Report on Human According be to believed persons in Tanzania, Rights Practices based on their police the by harassed often are LGBTI not are minorities LGBTI because or mannerisms dress law. the under discrimination from protected when the police arrest men for suspicion of homosexual homosexual suspicion of for men arrest police the when anal examinations. forced to subject them they activity, for LGBTI minorities in Tanzania is extremely difficult, is extremely in Tanzania minorities LGBTI for Salaam’s es Dar when in 2018 made worse it was and an announced Makonda Paul Commissioner Regional up rounding of which consisted crackdown, anti-gay media, social through minorities imprisoning LGBTI and citizen reports. and raids, Life Life 3 | 58,552,845 (July 2020) | 58,552,845 (July 2020) Population Democracy | Presidential System Political capita | NA GDP Per (2015-present) | President State of Head This widespread societal rejection has has rejection societal This widespread 1

2 The United States Department of State (USDOS) names names (USDOS) Department State of States United The - individ LGBTI against violence of threats and violence Tanzania. in human rights issue” uals a “significant A former British colony, Tanzania gained independence independence gained Tanzania British colony, A former in 1964, Zanzibar merged and 1960s. in the - It is a pres Tanzania. of Republic United the forming in has been Magufuli, who with John idential republic had estimates 2010 president. 2015, as its since office as Muslim, 35.2% and as Christian, Tanzanians of 61.4% “folk were rest (the affiliated religiously 1.4% as not and population Zanzibar’s all of Almost or “other”). religion” it While Zanzibar is a part republic, the of is Muslim. in national participates but still is semi autonomous elections. Background EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE GBTR and F&M GBGR an F on the has received Tanzania is crimnalized Homosexuality 2011-2018. from year every population the among homosexuality of acceptance and 2015, from Afrobarometer latest the to According is low. would they that answered in Tanzania people of 21% next lived if they care or not like, somewhat like, strongly homosexuals. to QUICK FACTS Tanzania Dolan Rachel resulted in discrimination against LGBTI minorities in minorities LGBTI against in discrimination resulted privacy, lack of housing, and empolyment, healthcare, law. the under protection lack of and

TANZANIA PAGE 2 fandmglobalbarometers.org Published 01/13/2021 - Furthermore, Furthermore, 15 14 16 Measuring LGBT human rights in 203 countries and regions and in 203 countries human rights LGBT Measuring - discrimina and HIV/AIDS information to access lack of impact on has had a disproportionate tion in treatment community. LGBTI the ed, punished, or harmed for their sexual orientation orientation sexual their for or harmed ed, punished, government the Additionally, identity. gender and/or lubricants to and condoms of provision the has banned will measures those that fear clinics for health LGBTI activity. sexual sex same “encourage” Societal-Level Discrimination Discrimination Societal-Level - asso of freedom for provides constitution Tanzania’s limited NGO act in 2019 the to but amendments ciation, The community. LGBTI the for especially freedom, that to power the NGOs of registrar the gave amendments NGOs several NGOs. As a result, deregister and suspend acts in promoting “supposedly for deregistered were they because culture and ethics which violate society few the of rights.” One and protection LGBTI supported transgender and gay for advocated NGOs that remaining Voice. is LGBT rights in Tanzania in community LGBTI the in which spheres the of One Socie- disparity is healthcare. most the faces Tanzania which healthcare, to access restricts tal discrimination individual if an LGBTI that, fear the by is compounded arrest will be they medication, and/or treatment seeks

9 - - The policies of of policies The 10 8 11,12 13 Magufuli’s sentiments are echoed in the Tanzanian law law Tanzanian in the echoed are sentiments Magufuli’s entitled “Offenses homosexuality, criminalizes that Morality.” Against Ma- Paul Commissioner Regional Salaam’s es Dar Since LGBTI many crackdown, anti-gay the instituted konda hiding. Part the of into gone have in Tanzania activists LGBTI where houses raiding of consisted crackdown activists so many live, to suspected were individuals said government the hiding because into forced were homosexuality.” “promoting were they the crackdown drew an international response and, in and, response an international drew crackdown the concern a general voiced Canada backlash. cases, some Denmark Tanzania, aid to foereign their to with regard human rights it to redirected aid and their withdrew a $300 withdrew Bank World the and organizations, million loan. Social acceptance of LGBTI people in Tanzania has in Tanzania people LGBTI of Social acceptance Williams In the to 2000, according since declined less become have countries accepting least the ing, and accepting. Socio-Economic Landscape Socio-Economic stitute’s Global Acceptance Index. This supports the This supports the Index. Global Acceptance stitute’s has social acceptance that finding Williams Institute’s the such that decade, last the over polarized become accept more become have countries accepting most President John Magufuli does not support the legaliza- support the not John Magufuli does President “Those that declared he In 2017, homosexuality. tion of equality] LGBTI [advocating things such teach who and drugs us brought They us, brothers. like do not of.” disapprove cows even that practices homosexual Legal recognition of gender identity is not possible in possible identity is not gender of Legal recognition Tanzania. Landscape Political cultural norms of society.” of norms cultural

TANZANIA PAGE 3 fandmglobalbarometers.org Published 01/13/2021 Measuring LGBT human rights in 203 countries and regions and in 203 countries human rights LGBT Measuring - Because of Tanzania’s consistent score of of score consistent Tanzania’s Because of 17 ing) in all years from 2011-2018. Its score is on par with is on par with Its score 2011-2018. from ing) in all years The Africa. in Sub-Saharan countries other of those rights LGBTI of situation the around rhetoric underlying morality. invokes often in Tanzania discrimination and criminalizing sexulity law the that fact the In addition to and politicians Morality,” Against is entitled “Offences drug for community LGBTI the blamed have leaders countryhave in the in Zanzibar problems officials and the to bring a “bad image minorities LGBTI said that island.” Tanzania’s F&M GBGR or GBTR score is not likely to to likely is not score or GBTR F&M GBGR Tanzania’s F (persecut and as it has been year next change in the ANALYSIS “persecuting” on the F&M GBGR and GBTR as well as as well GBTR and F&M GBGR on the “persecuting” LGBTI against practices and dehumanizing rhetoric the Tanzania’s that it is unlikely country, in the minorities soon. time any will improve score

TANZANIA PAGE 4 fandmglobalbarometers.org Published 01/13/2021 Measuring LGBT human rights in 203 countries and regions and in 203 countries human rights LGBT Measuring 1 Dulani, Boniface, Sambo, Gift, and Kim Yi Dionne. 2016. Afrobarometer Dispatch No. 74: Good neighbours? Africans express high levels of tolerance tolerance of high levels express Africans neighbours? 74: Good No. Dispatch Afrobarometer 2016. Kim Yi Dionne. Gift, and Sambo, Boniface, 1 Dulani, Ghana: Afrobarometer. Accra, all, 12. for but not many, for 2020). 9 June (accessed https://perma.cc/Z88L-QV6L CIA. Virginia: Langley, Factbook. World The Tanzania: 2020. Agency. Intelligence 2 Central 8, 2020). June (accessed https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tz.html - Country Washing Tanzania. Reports 2019. on Human Rights Practices: Labor. Human Rights, and Democracy, of Bureau Department State. of 3 U.S. State. US Dept. of D.C.: ton, 8, 2020). June (accessed https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/tanzania/ and finding at aimed taskforce creates official Salaam es Dar crackdown: anti-gay launches in hiding as Tanzania “Hundreds 2018. Jason. 4 Burke, 5. November Guardian The community.” punishing LGBT 9, 2020). June (accessed https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/05/tanzania-gay-people-in-hiding-lgbt-activists-crackdown ILGA. Switzerland: 373-374. 13th ed. Geneva, 2019, Homophobia State-Sponsored Lucas. 2019. Mendos, 5 Ramón 10, 2020). June (accessed https://ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2019.pdf - Country Washing Tanzania. Reports 2019. on Human Rights Practices: Labor. Human Rights, and Democracy, of Bureau Department State. of 6 U.S. State. US Dept. of D.C.: ton, 8, 2020). June (accessed https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/tanzania/ Ltd. International Amnesty England: London, Report: Tanzania. International Amnesty 2019. International. 7 Amnesty 9, 2020). June (accessed https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/tanzania/report-tanzania/ - Country Washing Tanzania. Reports 2019. on Human Rights Practices: Labor. Human Rights, and Democracy, of Bureau Department State. of 8 U.S. State. US Dept. of D.C.: ton, 2020). 8 June (accessed https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/tanzania/ ILGA. Switzerland: 376. 13th ed. Geneva, 2019, Homophobia State-Sponsored Lucas. 2019. Mendos, 9 Ramón 10, 2020). June (accessed https://ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2019.pdf and finding at aimed taskforce creates official Salaam es Dar crackdown: anti-gay launches in hiding as Tanzania “Hundreds 2018. Jason. 10 Burke, 5. November Guardian The community.” punishing LGBT 9, 2020). June (accessed https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/05/tanzania-gay-people-in-hiding-lgbt-activists-crackdown ILGA. Switzerland: 376. 13th ed. Geneva, 2019, Homophobia State-Sponsored Lucas. 2019. Mendos, 11 Ramón 10, 2020). York, June (accessed https://ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2019.pdf 9. Mail November and Globe aid.” The on Canadian a shadow casts crackdown homophobic “Tanzania’s 2018. Geoffrey. 12 York, 10, 2020) June (accessed https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-tanzanias-homophobic-crackdown-casts-a-shadow-on-canadian-aid/ Williams Institute. The CA: Los Angeles, 2017. to 1981 in 174 Countries, People LGBT of Social Acceptance R. 2019. Andrew 13 Flores, 2020). 23, June (accessed https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/Global-Acceptance-Index-LGBT-Oct-2019.pdf - Country Washing Tanzania. Reports 2019. Practices: on Human Rights Labor. Human Rights, and Democracy, of Bureau Department State. of 14 U.S. State. US Dept. of D.C.: ton, 8, 2020). June (accessed https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/tanzania/ 13. February rights.” Human Rights Watch and health on LGBTIQ change its tune should govt Neela. 2020. “Tanzania: 15 Ghoshal, 9, 2020). June (accessed https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/02/13/tanzania-govt-should-change-its-tune-lgbtiq-health-and-rights 16 Id. Country Tanzania. Reports 2019 on Human Rights Practices: 2019. Labor. Human Rights, and Democracy, of Bureau Department State. of 17 U.S. State. US Dept. of D.C.: Washington, 8, 2020). June (accessed https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/tanzania/ CITATIONS

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