DOCSLIB.ORG

Construction of Rigging Systems Refresher

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Construction of Rigging Systems Refresher Construction of Rigging Systems Refresher Teaching and Learning Aids □ Projection Screen and PowerPoint System □ Whiteboard or easel pad and markers □ Rope Kits Time: 3.0 hours Teaching and Learning Domain: Cognitive and Psychomotor Student Performance Objective: Given information from discussion and demonstration, rope, webbing, and hardware, the student will demonstrate the selection of an anchor point, construction of a single point anchor system, a simple mechanical advantage system, a Z-Rig system, a Piggyback Rig system, and a System Safety Check. The student will successfully participate in drill activities and demonstrate the construction of anchor points and mechanical advantage systems to a 70% accuracy on a skills check-off sheet. Enabling Objectives (EOs): EO 1 Selection of Anchor Points EO 2 Construct a single-point anchor system. EO 3 Construct a simple mechanical advantage system EO 4 Construct a Z-Rig System EO 5 Construct a Piggyback Rig System (Pig Rig) EO 6 Perform a System Safety Check Overview: Anchor Points Single-Point Anchoring System Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) Z-Rig System (3:1) Piggyback Rig System (4:1) System Safety Check Lesson Plan Instructor Notes I. Anchor Points A. Purpose Means of securing the ropes and other elements of the system to something solid B. Selection 1. Natural Rock formations, trees, 2. Structural HVAC, fire escapes, railings, guard rails 3. Man Made Vehicle, axle, hitch, tow hook C. Criteria 1. Strength required 2. Direction of pull 3. Sharp edges 4. Adequate operating space D. Components 1. Rope 2. Webbing 3. Anchor hardware E. Anchor Attachment 1. Tensionless Hitch 2. Simple Loop (Figure 8 Follow-Through) 3. Three Bight 4. Wrap 3, pull 2 5. Commercial Slings II. Mechanical Advantage Systems A. Uses 1. Hauling Makes raising a load easier and safer 2. Hoisting B. Components 1. Software a. Rope b. Webbing Water Bend to make loop 2. Hardware a. Carabiners Locking b. Pulleys Prusik minding preferred c. Capture devices Prusik loops, Gibbs ascenders III. Computing Mechanical Advantage A. Number of moving pulleys and multiply by two (standing, or anchored pulleys do not effect Mechanical Advantage B. Number of moving lines between load and anchor point plus the haul line C. Measure amount of rope pulled through the system 1. Distance load is moved 2. Divide amount pulled through by the distance load is moved 3. Will give you approximation of MA D. Compound systems Initial system is 3:1 MA, 1. Mechanical Advantage of second system is 4:1 MA, initial system resulting MA would be 2. Mechanical Advantage of 12:1 In a 12:1 MA 12 ft. system attached to haul line of rope must be pulled 3. Multiply the two together through the system to move the load 1 ft. IV. Constructing a Mechanical Advantage System - Practical Exercise (PPE Required: Gloves, helmets/hardhats, eye protection and steel toed boots.) A. Demonstrate construction of a See Appendix A single point anchor system 1. Types * Simple loop Figure 8 follow-through * Three bight Anchor using webbing or rope tied into fixed loop. Loop is passed around the anchor into a bight configuration * Wrap three pull two * Tensionless anchor * Commercial Slings 2. System evaluation and safety check * Anchor adequate * Software/hardware rated for load * Hardware locked * Whistle test: If everyone removed their hands from the system, would the load stay in place? Providing Edge Protection A. The need for edge protection B. Methods to provide edge protection 1. Rope pads 2. Edge rollers 3. Skid bars B. Student practice V. Constructing a Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) A. Demonstration See Appendix B & C B. Student practice VI. Constructing a Z Rig System (3:1) A. Demonstration See Appendix D B. Student practice VII. Constructing a Piggy Back Rig (4:1) A. Demonstration See Appendix E B. Student practice VIII. Performing a Safety Check Remind students that safety checks should be done during construction 1. Check each portion of the rig in any rigging system 2. Ensure safety knots are in place 3. Test rig and anchors before placing a full load Summary: Construction of Rigging Systems Student Performance Objective: Given information from discussion and demonstration, rope, webbing, and hardware, the student will demonstrate the construction of a single point anchor system, a simple mechanical advantage system, a Z-Rig system, a Piggyback Rig system, and a System Safety Check. The student will successfully participate in drill activities and demonstrate the construction of anchor points and mechanical advantage systems to a70% accuracy on a skills check-off sheet. Review: □ Selection of Anchor Point □ Constructing a Single-Point Anchoring System □ Constructing a Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) □ Constructing a Z-Rig System (3:1) □ Constructing a Piggyback Rig System (4:1) □ Performing a Safety Check Bibliography High Angle Rescue Techniques, Tom Vines, Steve Hudson, Elsevier/Mosby, 1999, Chapters 7 and 18 Rescue Technician, Operational Readiness for Rescue Providers, Mosby, 1998, Chapter 4 Construction of Rigging Systems Refresher Skills Check-off Sheet Participating in an in-class activity, students will demonstrate selection of an anchor point at the drill site. Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Participating in an in-class activity, students will demonstrate construction of a Single Point Anchor System using one of the five methods demonstrated. Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Participating in an in-class activity, students will demonstrate construction of a Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) given rope and equipment. Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Participating in an in-class activity, students will demonstrate construction of a “Z” Rig Mechanical Advantage System (3:1) given rope and equipment Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Participating in an in-class activity, students will demonstrate construction of a Piggyback Mechanical Advantage System (4:1) given rope and equipment. Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Participating in an in-class activity, students will ensure that each system rigged during this activity is properly checked, given rope system and personnel. Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Construction of Rigging Systems Refresher - Skills Check-off Sheet □ Selection of Anchor Point □ Constructing a Single-Point Anchoring System □ Constructing a Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) □ Constructing a Z-Rig System (3:1) □ Constructing a Piggyback Rig System (4:1) □ Performing a Safety Check Class Members Group 1 Group 2 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9. 9. 10. 10. Group 3 Group 4 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9. 9. 10. 10. Appendix A. Anchor attachments 1. Simple loop - Joined with a Figure 8 follow-through 2. Three bight - Using webbing or rope tied into fixed loop. Loop is passed around the anchor into a bight configuration 3. Wrap three- pull two – Using webbing or rope, wrap the anchor three times and join ends. Pull two wraps and attach a carabiner. 4. Tensionless hitch – Rope is wrapped around the anchor 5 or 6 times, then connect the rope back onto itself. This can be with a carabiner or a rewoven figure 8 Appendix B. Triple Wrapped Prusik Knot – Prusik Loop is a continuous loop of rope in which a Prusik hitch is tied. Appendix C Simple Mechanical Advantage System (2:1) Appendix D. Constructing a Z-Rig System (3:1) Construction and operation of Z-Rig System (3:1) Establish location of load Construct attachment to suitable anchor and attach a pulley using a locking carabiner. Lay a single piece of rope in the shape of a “Z”. Tie a figure-8 on a bight or figure-8 reweave at the end of the rope near the load. Attach the loop to the load using a locking carabiner Run the rope through the pulley at the anchor. Attach a pulley to the load line, as close to the load as possible with a three wrap prusik knot. Rope goes through the pulley and becomes the haul line Apply a three wrap prusik knot to the rope on load side of the pulley and attach to the anchor using a locking carabiner. Appendix E. Constructing a Piggyback Rig System (4:1) Construction and operation of Piggyback Rig System (4:1) Establish location of the load Construct attachment to two suitable anchor points relatively close together Lay a single piece of rope between the load and one of the established anchors Attach a pulley on the rope and attach the pulley to the anchor with a locking carabiner Tie a stop knot in the rope on the haul side of the pulley Attach two three wrap prusik knots to the anchor with a locking carabiner Off center of a second rope, tie a figure-8 on a bight and attach this with a locking carabiner to the second anchor Form two “J” formations – one big “J” and one small “J” Near the load on the first rope, attach a three wrap prusik From the second anchor, run one side of the line down to the load (big “J”), form a bight, and bring the end of the line back towards the anchor Tie a figure-8 on a bight or figure-8 reweave to form a loop at the end of this line At the bight formed near the load, attach a pulley Attach the pulley to the prusik at the load with a locking carabiner From the second anchor, run the remaining free rope (small “J”) to the end of line loop tied into the first line from that anchor and form a bight, bringing free end to the hauling area At the bight formed, place a pulley and attach to the end of line loop on the first line with a locking carabiner .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Protecting an Abseil: a Study of Friction Knots
    Protecting An Abseil: A Study Of Friction Knots The article below was prompted by local Queensland bushwalking clubs having gained liability insurance for abseiling after many years of not having access to that skill. Many members needed upskilling and thus Federation Mountain Rescue took the opportunity to look at all aspects of training and methods etc. Dr. Ron Farmer is a climber of many years standing, he was present for many of the first ascents at Frog Buttress and other notable mountains and cliffs around south east Queensland and wider a field. He is a founding member and president of Federation Mountain Rescue which was formed 40 or so years ago and that organisation was responsible for vertical rescue and lost persons in remote areas rescue well before the state emergency service came into being. FMR has had a significant role in developing training methods to prevent the need for rescues both in the bush and the vertical world. FMR is now mostly a bushwalking training and occasional search and rescue organisation. This document is a continuation of that effort. - Phil Box. Any feedback on this study is welcome. Dr. Ron Farmer's email address is [email protected] Phil Box's email address is [email protected] The original authorship rests with Dr. Ron Farmer, I have been asked to submit the study on rockclimbing.com and also on chockstone so that it`s findings are as widely available as possible to the climbing community. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOME FRICTION KNOTS COMMONLY RECOMMENDED FOR PROTECTING AN ABSEIL August 2005 - February 2006 AIM The aim of this study was to examine the suitability of various knots for protecting an abseil with a self-belay.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Knot Competition
    Outdoor Education 9 The Great Knot Competition Date of competition: ________________________ Learn to accurately and quickly tie useful knots from memory! The student with the most winning times on the knots will win the competition, with a second runner up. Incorrectly tied knots or memory aids will disqualify quickest times. 1st Place - First choice of chocolate bar ​ 2nd Place - Chocolate bar ​ Knots to be Timed: ​ 1. Square Knot (Reef Knot) The square knot can join 2 ropes of the same size. It is the first knot we learn to make with our shoelaces. It looks like a bow and is hugely unreliable. Its breaking strength is only 45% of the ​ ​ line strength. The simple and ancient binding knot is also known by the names Hercules, Herakles, flat, and reef knots. It helps to secure a line or rope around an object. It creates unique designs of jewelry. 2. Figure 8 Follow Through Based on the figure 8 knot, figure 8 follow through knot is one of the ways of tying a figure 8 loop the other one being the figure 8 on a bight. It secures the climbing rope to a harness thereby protecting the climber from an accidental fall. 3. Bowline The bowline (pronunciation “boh-lin”) is a knot that can itself be tied at the middle of a rope making a fixed, secure loop at the end of the line. It retains about 60% of the line strength and has a knot efficiency of 77%. 4. Barrel Knot It is a friction knot (or slip knot) meaning that it will self-tighten around the object it is tied to when loaded.
    [Show full text]
  • National Tree Climbing Guide
    National Tree Climbing Guide Forest 6700 Safety and Occupational Health April 2015 Service 2470 Silviculture 1 National Tree Climbing Guide 2015 Electronic Edition The Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), has developed this information for the guidance of its employees, its contractors, and its cooperating Federal and State agencies, and is not responsible for the interpretation or use of this information by anyone except its own employees. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this document is for the information and convenience of the reader, and does not constitute an endorsement by the Department of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. ***** USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. To file a complaint of discrimination, write: USDA, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (866) 632-9992 (Toll-free Customer Service), (800) 877-8339 (Local or Federal relay), (866) 377-8642 (Relay voice users). Table of Contents Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................4 Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................7 1.1 Training .........................................................................................7 1.2 Obtaining Climbing Equipment ....................................................8 1.3 Terms and Definitions ...................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Aero Hunter Eye-To-Eye Prusik Adjuster
    AERO HUNTER EYE-TO-EYE PRUSIK ADJUSTER KIT 10 mm for adjustable carabiner attachment eye-to-eye cord to Bridge Rope, Lineman’s Belt or Tree Strap CAUTION! USE THIS CORD ONLY AS A PRUSIK ADJUSTER TIED ONTO A LIFE-SAFETY CLIMBING ROPE. Prusik tender NEVER USE IT AS A BRIDGE OR IN ANY SETUP WHERE IT REPLACES A LIFE-SAFETY CLIMBING LINE. HOW TO INSTALL ON KESTREL ROPE BRIDGE You can set up the rope bridge adjuster for operation by either your left or right hand. On your Kestrel, one end of the bridge rope is tied to the rope bridge loop on the right side of the saddle using a Fig- ure 8 on a bight. Leave this in place if you want to operate the bridge adjuster with your left hand. Otherwise, untie this knot. 1. Untie the rope from the carabiner, and untie the stopper knot on the end. 2. Tie the 10 mm cord onto the rope using a Triple Prusik knot. 3. Sandwich the prusik tender between the two eyes of the prusik cord and clip the cara- biner through all three. 4. Pass the end of the rope through the upper ring on the prusik tender. Tie a Stopper knot on the end of the rope. 5. Clip the carabiner to the rope bridge loop on the same side of the saddle as your strongest hand. 6. Tie the other end of the bridge to the rope bridge loop on the other side of the saddle using a Figure 8 on a bight.
    [Show full text]
  • Ropes, Cables, and Knots
    Ropes, Cables, and Knots opes: Figure 1 illustrates some of the ropes and Manila rope (3/8-inch or 1/2-inch diameter), the traditional cables you will need. Parachute cord, 1/8-inch- rope of choice for securing packhorse cargoes, is a good Rdiameter nylon, is universally available, inexpensive, choice for any of the suspension systems, especially when it and lightweight. It is best used as the initial throw line to pull can double as a cargo rope. It is inexpensive, strong enough, up heavier ropes and hardware. It also can function as a and has limited stretch. It is not the most lightweight or haul line to lift lightweight loads of 20 to 50 pounds. strongest rope on the market. Parachute cord stretches, which is a distinct disadvantage for Moving up in strength and price are a whole range of a rope used in a hoisting system. A superior alternative to mountain-climbing ropes. Since full-strength climbing rope is parachute cord is 1/8-inch braided Dacron, a strong cord that very expensive and its strength is not needed for this appli- has less stretch than nylon parachute cord. It is available in cation, smaller diameter versions, such as 5-mm climbing mountaineering stores. Figure 1.—Ropes and cables: 3/8-inch manila (upper left); 5-mm climbing accessory cord (upper middle and upper right); 3/16-inch wire rope (middle); 1/8-inch braided Dacron (lower right); and parachute cord (bottom). 51 accessory cord, are excellent cost-effective alternatives. Knots: Knots can make or break your hoist system, and Sixty-foot lengths of 5-mm accessory cord worked extremely their proper use is the mark of a professional.
    [Show full text]
  • Utah Fire Service Certification System Technical Rescue
    UTAH FIRE SERVICE CERTIFICATION SYSTEM TECHNICAL RESCUE - CHAPTER 5, JOB PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS NFPA 1006, 2013 Edition TECHNICAL RESCUE - CHAPTER 5, JOB PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS TRAINING RECORD / IN-HOUSE COMPREHENSIVE EXAM Candidate Name: Department: Candidate Signature: Date of Completion: Chief/Training Officer Name: Chief/Training Officer Signature: This form may be completed on a computer but must be printed out for the Certification Tester to verify on test day. Date of completion and signatures of Chief/Training Officer and Candidate must be original signatures. Signatures attest that all manipulative skills have been trained on and a complete In- House Comprehensive Exam was administered and passed. Falsification of signatures or any component of this document may result in the revocation, suspension, or denial of certification. IN-HOUSE TRAINING RECORD MANIPULATIVE SKILL SECTION COMPREHENSIVE EXAMS DEMONSTRATE DATE INST DATE INST PASS 1. Size up an incident, manage and terminate. SITE OPERATIONS 2. Perform ground support for helicopters. VICTIM 3. Search, triage and transfer victims to EMS. MANAGEMENT MAINTENANCE 4. Inspect and maintain rescue equipment and PPE. 5A. Clove Hitch around a closed object. 5B. Figure eight on a bight. 5C. Figure eight follow through. 5D. Water knot. 5E. Prusik knot. 5F. Butterfly. 5G. Double Fisherman. 5H. Tensionless hitch. 5I. Munter hitch. ROPES & RIGGING 6. Construct single-point anchor. 7A. Construct and direct operation of a simple rope mechanical advantage raising system – Low angle. 7B. Construct and direct operation of a simple rope mechanical advantage raising system – High angle. 8. Litter attendant and patient packaging in low angle environment. 9. Construct a lowering system in a low angle environment.
    [Show full text]
  • SAFETY and RESCUE Products © Sea Air Thai Co, Ltd.) CONTENTS
    SAFETY AND RESCUE Products © Sea Air Thai Co, Ltd.) CONTENTS TEUFELBERGER Group 4 PPE Management APP 6 Products 8 Static ropes 8 Dynamic ropes 22 Throw lines 26 Heat resistant ropes 30 Accessory cords 36 Ready made 44 Rope bags 49 General purpose ropes 50 Tech Tips 58 Fiber structures 58 Raw materials 58 Rope constructions 60 Terminations 61 Coatings and special treatments 62 Rope care, safety & usage 63 The technical specifications are based on the units system used in the country of manufacture. Additional specifications were converted and rounded. WARNING Using these products can entail risks. Do not use them for any other than the intended purposes. Especially, do not use them for personal protection or lifting purposes as specified in PPE-Regulation (EU) 2016/425, unless the products are clearly identified as suitable for such purposes under relevant standards. Customers shall make sure that persons using the products are familiar with their cor- rect use and the necessary safety precautions. Keep in mind that any of these products can cause damage if incorrectly used, stored, cleaned, or overloaded. Check national safety regulations, industry recommendations, and standards for locally applicable requirements (e.g. choice of safety factors).Tested values with sewn termination are based on the seam pattern certified by TEUFELBERGER. PLATINUM®, MAXIM®, KM III®, KM III® Max, Sta-Set®, Endura 12®, Endura Braid®, STS - Stronger than Steel®, TEUFELBERGER® and 拖飞宝® are internationally registered trademarks of TEUFEL- BERGER Group. Further referenced international trademarks: Technora® by Teijin, Nomex® by Dupont, Dyneema® by DSM, Vectran® by Hoechst Celanese. Subject to technical modifications, typesetting and printing errors.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Rope Practices
    STANDARD ROPE PRACTICES SAN FRANCISCO FIRE DEPARTMENT blank page Standard Rope Practices January 2008 San Francisco Fire Department 698 - 2nd Street San Francisco, CA 94107 Chief of Department Joanne Hayes White Manual Revisions Committee Deputy Chief Gary P. Massetani Assistant Chief James A. Barden Assistant Deputy Chief Thomas A. Siragusa Captain Jose Velo Project Manager, Standard Rope Practices Lieutenant Ronald B. Tsujimoto Contributors: Captain Anthony R. Smerdel Firefighter Paramedic Thomas H. Jaquysh Firefighter Joel H. Sato Published by: Division of Training 2310 Folsom Street San Francisco, CA Phone: (415) 970-2000 REVISED: January 2008 This manual is the sole property of the San Francisco Fire Department FOREWORD The goal of this manual is to establish standard operating practices as authorized by the Chief of Department and implemented by the Division of Training. The purpose of this manual is to provide all members with the essential information necessary to fulfill the duties of their positions, and to provide a standard text whereby company officers can: • Enforce standard drill guidelines authorized as a basis of operation for all companies. • Align company drills to standards as adopted by the Division of Training. • Maintain a high degree of proficiency, both personally and among their subordinates. All manuals shall be kept up to date so that all officers may use the material contained in the various manuals to meet the requirements of their responsibility. Conditions will develop in fire fighting situations where standard methods of operation will not be applicable. Therefore, nothing contained in these manuals shall be interpreted as an obstacle to the experience, initiative, and ingenuity of officers in overcoming the complexities that exist under actual fire ground conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • What Knot? Useful Knots for Scouting and Climbing
    What Knot? Useful knots for scouting and climbing Martin Stone v 2 It was tempting to entitle this, “Yet Another Knot Book”. Because that is all it is, joining a great many other books, documents, and web-sites available from throughout the world. But what I was looking for was something that had very clear diagrams, was downloadable for local printing, and focussed on knots relevant to Australian scouting activities. Finding nothing that suited, I decided to write it myself. Whether or not I succeeded in these objectives is for you to judge. But in the process I have enjoyed myself immensely. I have always found knots an intriguing, practical, and satisfying pastime. I hope that you do too. Martin Stone Hobart Tasmania 25 th October 2005 Version 2 - 3 rd January 2006 Martin Stone What Knot? 2 What Knot? Binding Knots Binding knots are tied around objects to hold them together. Use them for tying a bandage around a limb, clinching a sack closed, holding the wrapping around a parcel, or holding the strands of a rope together. • Reef Knot 5 • Surgeon’s Knot 6 • Constrictor Knot 7 • Simple Whipping 8 Bends Bends are to join two ropes together. Use them for lengthening a rope by joining two shorter ones, or for joining the two ends of a rope to make a loop. • Sheet Bend 10 • Double Fisherman’s Knot 12 • Hunter’s Bend 13 • Tape Knot 14 Loops Loop knots are for making one or more loops in the end of a rope, or along its length. Unlike a noose, a loop does not become smaller under stress.
    [Show full text]
  • Contents Knot Master
    Knot Master Contents Knot Master .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Colors of the levels............................................................................................................................................ 5 Rules and Bylaws of the Program ..................................................................................................................... 6 Knot Master Program Troop 29 How to Begin ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Advancement .................................................................................................................................................... 6 Challenging ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Testing ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 Practice Rope .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Exemption ........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The French Wrap(Mike Manke/Gordon
    08 Introduction Anto the French Wrap By Gordon Birkhimer Depending on who you talk to, the French Wrap has Dreceived mixed reviews and a bad rap (Get it? Wrap/rap - I slay myself.). In my opinion many of the currently-held beliefs regarding the dubious success of self-belay systems are based on prior flawed systems. Apparently, many of the unsuccessful early attempts of trying a belay while rappelling involved a high point of attachment as with the Chest Safety Prusik. 09 Mechanical devices like the Gibbs ascender, Safety Rappel Humans, being persistent creatures, and notorious for con- Cam, Petzel Shunt, and the Spelean Shunt have also been quering problems in the face of failure, will devise a solution tried with less than rave reviews. Many of these early eventually, once the requirement for such is acknowledged. attempts of self-belay on rappel resulted in hopeless entan- Motherhood is the necessity of conception, or is it necessity glements, injuries from improper use, and even death. is the mother of invention? Anyway, you know what I mean. The French Wrap is the culminating result of this persist- A common theme exists in the problems associated with the ence. (I’m now wondering if we should take this opportuni- early self-belay systems. Many of the injuries occurred ty to officially change the name to the Freedom Wrap - Slay because of a phenomenon that came to be known as “neg- me again!) The "French Wrap Self-Belay" system is inexpen- ative action”. In order for these systems to work, the rap- sive, simple to learn how to use, and it operates flawlessly.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Edition : Sample Pages
    Life On A Line iii SAMPLE PAGES ONLY : NOT FOR RESALE OR EXTRACTION Contents INTRODUCTION 1 1a: The reasons behind this book 1 1b: A microscopic introduction to cave rescue 2 1c: Loads and Forces in a rescue system 4 1d: The way cave rescues ‘work’ 8 1e: Paperwork and management 10 CASUALTY CARE 13 2a: The premises of Casualty Care 13 2b: Bending rules, and patients 13 2c: Clinical Spine Clearance 14 2d: Suspension trauma 15 2e: What skills to know 17 2f: Medical Comms 19 2g: Casualty Microenvironments 19 2h: Suits of Armour and Dragons 20 ROPE & CORD 21 3a: Construction and materials 21 3b: EN, NFPA & UIAA standards for rope 23 3c: Choice of rope diameters for rescue 25 3d: The Nylon and Polyester Debate 26 3e: Accessory cord 27 3f: Transport and storage of rope 27 3g: Washing and drying rope 29 3h: Breaking in new ropes 30 INTRODUCTION TO KNOTS 31 4a: The elements of a knot 32 4b: Permanent knots 34 4c: Knots in cord and tape 35 4d: Freeing tight knots and the prybar krab 35 4e: Why knots are weak 36 4f: Knots we don’t want you to use 36 4g: Cowstails 38 ESSENTIAL KNOTS 39 1. Figure-8 40 2. Figure-9 43 3. Stein Knot 45 4. Yosemite Mountaineering Bowline 47 6. ‘Alpine’ Butterfly Knot 48 7. Italian Hitch 50 8. Tensionless Hitch 51 9. Classic 3-wrap Prusik Knot 52 10. Hedden Knot 53 11. Klemheist Knot 54 12. GARDA Hitch 55 13. Tape Knot 56 14. Double Fisherman’s Bend 57 The graphics quality is lowered on this sample.
    [Show full text]