Rachel L. Smith Curriculum Vitae
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At NASA, 2019 Was the Year of the Woman, Yet Women Still Are a Small
At NASA, 2019 was the year of the woman, yet women still are a small minority there By Washington Post, adapted by Newsela staff on 12.12.19 Word Count 1,043 Level 1210L Image 1. NASA astronaut Suni Williams checks an aircraft used for flight training. Photo by: Jonathan Newton/Washington Post At NASA, 2019 could be considered the year of the woman. In October, astronauts Christina Koch and Jessica Meir completed the first all-female spacewalk when they left NASA's International Space Station for hours to make a repair. Koch also is on her way toward 328 days aboard the International Space Station — the longest single space mission by a woman. Meanwhile, NASA is planning a moon mission called "Artemis," named after the Greek goddess, which aims to put "the next man and the first woman on the moon" by 2024. The aerospace industry, made up of businesses that design aircraft and spaceships, also boasts an unseen before number of women in high-ranking positions. Leanne Caret leads the defense and space division of Boeing, a top aerospace company. Gwynne Shotwell heads SpaceX, which makes rockets and spacecrafts. High-Profile Appointments, Record-Breaking Feats Are Rare This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. Yet for all the high-profile appointments and record-breaking feats, women remain an overwhelming minority at NASA and in the wider industry. Women make up only about a third of NASA's workforce. They make up just 28 percent of senior executive leadership positions and are only 16 percent of senior scientific employees, according to a survey done by the agency. -
Making Women Visible B2 B2+
Making women visible B2 B2+ Instead of accompanying her colleague Anne McClain on a spacewalk, NASA astronaut Christina Koch (centre) found herself assisting McClain and astronaut Nick Hague (left) into their spacesuits on 22 March 2019. Nasa 1 In March, 2019, NASA created a lot of publicity around the first all-female spacewalk by astronauts on the International Space Station. For the first time, two women would venture outside the station together to carry out repairs. Then the agency had to embarrassingly cancel the walk — because the ISS only had one spacesuit that would fit 5 women. This was a particularly public manifestation Most products are made of a depressingly common phenomenon. for a standard male, known According to Caroline Criado Perez’s new 15 as a 50th percentile male in book Invisible Women, we live in a world the U.S.A.: 1.77m tall and 10 that is literally made for men. And the 76kg in weight. And most results of that vary from annoying to data on risks is collected downright dangerous. about the standard male www.speakeasy-news.com - June 2019 B2 B2+ Making women visible - article & questionnement 1 20 (for example the risks of exposure to breasts. Not only is that uncomfortable, it chemicals in the work environment). 60 means the vests rise up on women, leaving Often, even if a manufacturer wanted to them unprotected around the waist. take women (or non-white people) into consideration, there is no data to base Help: 1. risk 25 changes on. CALLING SIRI But even if there is data, it doesn’t It’s not just men’s size that is used as a necessarily get taken into account. -
20 Years on the International Space Station
The International Space Station (ISS) is a unique scientific platform where astronauts conduct experiments across multiple disciplines of research, including Earth and space science, biology, human physiology, physical sciences and technology DOWN TO EARTH demonstrations that could not be done anywhere else in the world. In 2020, the ISS Bringing scientific results CELEBRATING 20 YEARS celebrates 20 years of continuous human presence aboard the orbiting laboratory. back to Earth is an important role for the ISS. THE From December 1998 to OF HUMAN PRESENCE ON THE ISS GRAVITY March 2019 78,514 kg of were ISS International Partners: NASA, ROSCOSMOS, CSA, ESA, and JAXA LABORATORY research resources JOURNALS brought to the station, and The ISS is the only CONFERENCE PAPERS 23,559 kg were returned A GLOBAL ACHIEVEMENT RESEARCH & EDUCATION RESEARCH place we can conduct to Earth. EDUCATION NON-TECHNICAL long-duration research 240 individuals from 19 countries have visited the International on how living in 7% microgravity affects 100k Space Station. the human body. An international crew of six live and work aboard the ISS. 19% 74% 1000s of researchers on the ground from more Between December 1998 and March 2019, over 75k 4,200 investigators Where have ISS results than 100 countries and counting have conducted been published? representing more than 100 countries and counting carried out almost 3,000 experiments in microgravity. (data through March 2019) almost 3,000 completed and ongoing investigations. 50k The space station is a major feat WHY CONDUCT SCIENCE IN SPACE? 25k of engineering that has pushed The space station offers a great the boundaries of human innovation and problem solving. -