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Coordinated Display, Social Hierarchy, and the Development of Dancing Ability in Young Long-Tailed Manakins, Chiroxiphia Linearis

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Coordinated Display, Social Hierarchy, and the Development of Dancing Ability in Young Long-Tailed Manakins, Chiroxiphia Linearis University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 2013 Coordinated display, social hierarchy, and the development of dancing ability in young long-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia linearis Katrina Lukianchuk University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Lukianchuk, Katrina, "Coordinated display, social hierarchy, and the development of dancing ability in young long-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia linearis" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 4719. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/4719 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. Coordinated display, social hierarchy, and the development of dancing ability in young long-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia linearis by Katrina Lukianchuk A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through the Department of Biological Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at the University of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada 2013 © 2013 Katrina Lukianchuk Coordinated display, social hierarchy, and the development of dancing ability in young long-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia linearis by Katrina Lukianchuk APPROVED BY: ______________________________________________ Dr. Lori Buchanan, External Reader Department of Psychology ______________________________________________ Dr. Lynda Corkum, Internal Reader Department of Biological Sciences ______________________________________________ Dr. Daniel Mennill, Internal Reader Department of Biological Sciences ______________________________________________ Dr. Stéphanie Doucet, Advisor Department of Biological Sciences ______________________________________________ Dr. Dennis Higgs, Chair of Defense Department of Biological Sciences Friday March 1, 2013 DECLARATION OF CO-AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this thesis incorporates material that is result of joint research, as follows: Chapter 1: I am the sole author. Chapter 2-4: I am the primary author, and share authorship with Dr. Stéphanie M. Doucet. Dr. Stéphanie M. Doucet contributed in the research design, data collection, and writing of these chapters, as well as providing logistical and monetary support for this project. Chapter 5: I am the sole author. I am aware of the University of Windsor Senate Policy on Authorship and I certify that I have properly acknowledged the contribution of other researchers to my thesis, and have obtained written permission from each of the co-authors to include the above material in my thesis. I certify that, with the above qualification, this thesis, and the research to which it refers, is the product of my own work. iii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I certify that, to the best of my knowledge, my thesis does not infringe upon anyone’s copyright nor violate any proprietary rights and that any ideas, techniques, quotations, or any other material from the work of other people included in my thesis, published or otherwise, are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referencing practices. Furthermore, to the extent that I have included copyrighted material that surpasses the bounds of fair dealing within the meaning of the Canada Copyright Act, I certify that I have obtained a written permission from the copyright owner to include such material in my thesis. I declare that this is a true copy of my thesis, including any final revisions, as approved by my thesis committee and the Graduate Studies office, and that this thesis has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other University or Institution. iv ABSTRACT Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted on the development of bird song, the development of visual displays is still poorly understood. In this thesis, I investigate the coordinated courtship displays of male long-tailed manakins (Chiroxiphia linearis). By scoring complex behaviours from video recordings, I characterize the courtship display and dominance hierarchy in detail. I show that courtship is highly stereotyped and that the performance of specific subcomponents of the display can predict courtship success. I also provide evidence of an age-graded dominance hierarchy among young males. Finally, I show that courtship display differs significantly between older and younger males, and that certain display elements may develop over time. My research suggests that social interactions between males may be important in the maintenance of lek dynamics, and that social learning may play a role in the development of coordinated display in long-tailed manakins. v DEDICATION I would like to dedicate my Master’s thesis to my parents, Charlene and Gerald Lukianchuk, and to my baba, Ollie Lukianchuk. I can’t thank you enough for providing me with constant support throughout both my undergraduate and graduate degrees. To my parents, I thank you for supporting me in all my interests, hobbies, educational pursuits, and for always encouraging me to try new things and to do what I love. Thank you for inspiring my interests in art and science, both consciously and subconsciously (who knew I’d be studying the science of dancing?). Thank you for always providing me with a welcoming home whenever I need it, and for your much appreciated calls and emails when I’m away. To my baba, I thank you for always supporting me and believing in me, and for spoiling me whenever I come home. Thank you for your phone calls and for always checking in on me wherever I am. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the members of the Doucet lab for providing me with guidance and support throughout this project. I would like thank Dr. Stéphanie Doucet for inviting me into her lab, providing me with logistical and monetary support throughout my degree, for helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscripts, and for introducing me to an amazing study species. My lab mates, Pierre-Paul Bitton, Kara-Anne Ward, and Kevyn Gammie have all supported me throughout this project by sharing knowledge, providing support in the lab and the field, for comments on the manuscripts, and also a for tremendous amount of moral support throughout the past two years. I would like to thank my committee members, Dr. Daniel Mennill, Dr. Lynda Corkum, and Dr. Lori Buchanan for their support, guidance, and advice throughout this project. I would also like to thank Dr. Daniel Mennill for his assistance and encouragement throughout the field season. I would like to thank the Costa Rica field crews in 2011 and 2012 for their help with field work and for providing constant entertainment, adventures, and memories that will last a life time: Kara-Anne Ward, Pierre-Paul Bitton, Dugan Maynard, Brendan Graham, Kristin Kovach, and Matt Battiston. I would also like to thank Roger Blanco Segura and the staff at Sector Santa Rosa in the Area de Conservacion Guanacaste for helping the field team with scientific permits, field vehicles, and other logistical support. vii I am grateful to the Animal Behavior Society for providing me with funding for the field season through a Student Research Award. I am also grateful for the funding provided by an NSERC Discovery Grant awarded to Dr. Stéphanie Doucet, and for Graduate Assistantship funding provided by the University of Windsor. I would like to thank the volunteers of the Doucet lab who helped in the video analysis process: Kevyn Gammie, Samantha Burton, and Ranbir Verraich. I would also like to thank my roommates over the past two years who have provided me with moral support and stimulating conversation about all things science and non-science: Kara-Anne Ward, Christie MacDonald, Luis Sandoval, Dugan Maynard, and Brendan Graham. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION OF CO-AUTHORSHIP ............................................................................................. iii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY .................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................. v DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................. xii CHAPTER 1: General introduction .............................................................................................
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