Nutritive Differentials
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Etude Sur L'origine Et L'évolution Des Variations Florales Chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) À Travers La Morphologie, L'anatomie Et La Tératologie
Etude sur l'origine et l'évolution des variations florales chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) à travers la morphologie, l'anatomie et la tératologie : 2019SACLS126 : NNT Thèse de doctorat de l'Université Paris-Saclay préparée à l'Université Paris-Sud ED n°567 : Sciences du végétal : du gène à l'écosystème (SDV) Spécialité de doctorat : Biologie Thèse présentée et soutenue à Paris, le 29/05/2019, par Felipe Espinosa Moreno Composition du Jury : Bernard Riera Chargé de Recherche, CNRS (MECADEV) Rapporteur Julien Bachelier Professeur, Freie Universität Berlin (DCPS) Rapporteur Catherine Damerval Directrice de Recherche, CNRS (Génétique Quantitative et Evolution Le Moulon) Présidente Dario De Franceschi Maître de Conférences, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (CR2P) Examinateur Sophie Nadot Professeure, Université Paris-Sud (ESE) Directrice de thèse Florian Jabbour Maître de conférences, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (ISYEB) Invité Etude sur l'origine et l'évolution des variations florales chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) à travers la morphologie, l'anatomie et la tératologie Remerciements Ce manuscrit présente le travail de doctorat que j'ai réalisé entre les années 2016 et 2019 au sein de l'Ecole doctorale Sciences du végétale: du gène à l'écosystème, à l'Université Paris-Saclay Paris-Sud et au Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Même si sa réalisation a impliqué un investissement personnel énorme, celui-ci a eu tout son sens uniquement et grâce à l'encadrement, le soutien et l'accompagnement de nombreuses personnes que je remercie de la façon la plus sincère. Je remercie très spécialement Florian Jabbour et Sophie Nadot, mes directeurs de thèse. -
The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants
medicines Review The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants William N. Setzer 1,2 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; [email protected]; Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 2 Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA Received: 25 October 2018; Accepted: 8 November 2018; Published: 12 November 2018 Abstract: Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines. Keywords: Cherokee; Native American; traditional herbal medicine; chemical constituents; pharmacology 1. Introduction Natural products have been an important source of medicinal agents throughout history and modern medicine continues to rely on traditional knowledge for treatment of human maladies [1]. Traditional medicines such as Traditional Chinese Medicine [2], Ayurvedic [3], and medicinal plants from Latin America [4] have proven to be rich resources of biologically active compounds and potential new drugs. -
Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (Aflp) to Identify Black Cohosh (Actaea Racemosa)1
USING AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS (AFLP) TO IDENTIFY BLACK COHOSH (ACTAEA RACEMOSA)1 NYREE J. C. ZEREGA,SCOTT MORI,CHARLOTTE LINDQVIST, QUNYI ZHENG, AND TIMOTHY J. MOTLEY Zerega, Nyree J. C., Scott Mori (New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458, USA), Charlotte Lindqvist (Norwegian Forest Research Institute N-1432 As, Norway), Qunyi Zheng (Pure World Botanicals, Inc., South Hackensack, NJ, USA), and Timothy J. Motley (New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458, USA). USING AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMOR- PHISMS (AFLP) TO IDENTIFY BLACK COHOSH (ACTAEA RACEMOSA). Economic Botany 56(2):154– 164, 2002. The rhizome of Actaea racemosa L., commonly called black cohosh, is a popular botanical dietary supplement used to treat female health concerns. The rhizomes used in black cohosh products are often collected from the wild. To ensure quality control, it is imperative that plants be correctly identified. This paper examines the use of the DNA fingerprinting technique, AFLP, as an analytical means of identifying A. racemosa from three other closely related sympatric species. To this end, 262 AFLP markers were generated, and one unique fingerprint was identified for A. racemosa, whereas two, six, and eight unique fingerprints were identified for the closely related species A. pachypoda, A. cordifolia, and A. podocarpa, re- spectively. Two commercial black cohosh products were also subjected to AFLP analysis and shown to contain only A. racemosa. The results of this study suggest that AFLP analysis may offer a useful method for quality control in the botanical dietary supplements industry. DIE VERWENDUNG VON AFLP-MUSTERN ZUR IDENTIFIKATION VON BLACK COHOSH (ACTAEA RACE- MOSA). -
Black Cohosh Seed Germination and Conservation W
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Biology Faculty Publications Biology 2018 Black Cohosh Seed Germination and Conservation W. John Hayden University of Richmond, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.richmond.edu/biology-faculty-publications Part of the Biology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Hayden, W. John. “Black Cohosh Seed Germination and Conservation.” Sempervirens Winter 2017/2018: 6-7. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biology at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 6 Sempervirens , Winter 2017-2018 Article and illustrations by W. John Hayden, Botany Chair ike many plant enthusiasts, I have the natural progression of seasons. but epicotyls remained inactive spent a considerable amount of Seeds that mature and disperse in late until mid-March. Seeds of Hepatica time planting seeds. Every year I summer or fall will be exposed, fi rst (Anemone acutiloba ), also studied grow many vegetables—my garden to warmth and moisture, and then to by Baskin and Baskin (1985), show a always includes some annual bedding the cold temperatures of winter, before similar pattern. plants—and I sow seeds of cover germinating in the warmth of spring. Baskin and Baskin (1985) offered crops (winter wheat, winter rye, and The savvy native plant gardener several hypotheses for the adaptive buckwheat) by the tens of thousands. employs a process called stratifi cation value of epicotyl dormancy observed While I have committed vast numbers to mimic this natural cycle; seeds sown in Black Cohosh and Hepatica. -
Manchester Road Redevelopment District: Form-Based Code
TaBle 11: deFiniTionS illuSTraTed manchester road Form-Based Code a. ThoroughFare & FronTageS Building Private Public Vehicular Public Private Building Frontage Frontage Lanes Frontage Frontage Private lot Thoroughfare (r.o.w.) Private lot b. Turning radiuS c. Building diSPoSiTion 3 3 2 2 1 Parking Lane Moving Lane 1- Principal Building 1 1 2- Backbuilding 1-Radius at the Curb 3- Outbuilding 2-Effective Turning Radius (± 8 ft) d. loT LAYERS e. FronTage & loT lineS 4 3rd layer 4 2 1 4 4 4 3 2nd layer Secondary Frontage 20 feet 1-Frontage Line 2-Lot Line 1st layer 3 3 Principal Frontage 3-Facades 1 1 4-Elevations layer 1st layer 2nd & 3rd & 2nd f. SeTBaCk deSignaTionS 3 3 2 1 2 1-Front Setback 2-Side Setback 1 1 3-Rear Setback 111 Manchester Road Form-Based Code ARTICLE 9. APPENDIX MATERIALS MBG Kemper Center PlantFinder About PlantFinder List of Gardens Visit Gardens Alphabetical List Common Names Search E-Mail Questions Menu Quick Links Home Page Your Plant Search Results Kemper Blog PlantFinder Please Note: The following plants all meet your search criteria. This list is not necessarily a list of recommended plants to grow, however. Please read about each PF Search Manchesterplant. Some may Road be invasive Form-Based in your area or may Code have undesirable characteristics such as above averageTab insect LEor disease 11: problems. NATIVE PLANT LIST Pests Plants of Merit Missouri Native Plant List provided by the Missouri Botanical Garden PlantFinder http://www.mobot.org/gardeninghelp/plantfinder Master Search Search limited to: Missouri Natives Search Tips Scientific Name Scientific Name Common NameCommon Name Height (ft.) ZoneZone GardeningHelp (ft.) Acer negundo box elder 30-50 2-10 Acer rubrum red maple 40-70 3-9 Acer saccharinum silver maple 50-80 3-9 Titles Acer saccharum sugar maple 40-80 3-8 Acer saccharum subsp. -
Ranunculaceae – Buttercup Family
RANUNCULACEAE – BUTTERCUP FAMILY Plant: mostly herbs, some woody vines or shrubs Stem: Root: Leaves: mostly alternate, sometimes opposite or whorled or basal; lobed or not lobed; if lobed then most often palmately, but occasionally pinnately, sometimes finely dissected – highly variable, sometimes even on the same plant; with or without stipules Flowers: mostly perfect, some dioecious; sepals 3-6, commonly 5; petals vary in number (3-23) but often 5, petals may be lacking and sepals are showy; stamens few to many; ovary superior, carpels few to very many, pistils one to many Fruit: mostly a dry capsule, seeds small, may be oily; rarely a berry Other: large family, sometimes confused with members of the Rose family (5 petals); Dicotyledons Group Genera: 60+ genera; locally Actaea (baneberry), Anemone (anemone or windflower), Aquilegia (columbine), Clematis, Isopyrum, Hepatica, Hydrastis, Ranunuculus (buttercup or crowfoot), Thalictrum (meadow-rue) WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive Flower Morphology in the This is a large family often based on 5’s but Ranunculaceae (Buttercup Family) exceptions occur Examples of common genera White Baneberry [Doll’s-Eyes] Yellow Marsh Marigold [Cowslip] Goldenseal [Yellowroot] Actaea pachypoda Ell. Carolina [Wild Blue] Larkspur Caltha palustris L. var. palustris Delphinium carolinianum Walter Hydrastis canadensis L. Swamp Leather Flower [Eastern] False Rue Anemone Clematis crispa L. Devil-In-The-Bush [Love American Wood Anemone Enemion biternatum Raf. -In-A-Mist] Anemone quinquefolia L. [Isopyrum biternatum] Nigella damascena L. (Introduced) Doubtful [Rocket; Garden] Knight's-Spur [Larkspur] Round-lobed Hepatica [Liverleaf] Tall Buttercup Hepatica nobilis Schreber var. -
Plant Introductions
Plant Introductions Promoting the garden use of native plants is a core part of Mt. Cuba Center’s mission, and since 1988, the Plant Introduction Program has brought many outstanding cultivars to market. Selected for strong ornamental appeal and broad regional adaptability, many of these introductions have risen to become some of the most popular cultivars of native plants available. Plant evaluation and introduction continues today, with several bright prospects for additional introductions in the future. Plant Introductions Actaea pachypoda ‘Misty Blue’ Misty Blue white baneberry Misty Blue white baneberry is an herbaceous perennial, selected for its unique and highly attractive soft, bluish-green foliage. It was discovered in a planting of typical green-leaved plants of unknown origin growing at Mt. Cuba Center. In spring 1" to 2" tall bottlebrush-like clusters of white flowers are borne on stems above the foliage. By September, large, white fruit with dark purple to black spots (“doll’s eyes”) mature on reddish pedicels. It is a carefree, long-lived, 24" to 36" tall plant, growing best in partial to filtered shade in evenly moist, well-drained soils with a pH from slightly acidic to neutral. Introduced 2009 Ageratina altissima ‘Chocolate’ (formerly Eupatorium rugosum) Chocolate white snakeroot Chocolate white snakeroot is an herbaceous perennial selected by Dr. Richard W. Lighty and descended from a plant found at Winterthur Gardens. It had the darkest burgundy foliage of many seedlings grown over a ten year period. ‘Chocolate’ grows up to 3' tall and has white inflorescences along with dark burgundy leaves which color best in full sun. -
List of Plants for Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve Plant Checklist DRAFT as of 29 November 2005 FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family) Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense Present in Park Rare Native Field horsetail Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum laevigatum Present in Park Unknown Native Scouring-rush Polypodiaceae (Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris fragilis Present in Park Uncommon Native Brittle bladderfern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Woodsia oregana Present in Park Uncommon Native Oregon woodsia Pteridaceae (Maidenhair Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Argyrochosma fendleri Present in Park Unknown Native Zigzag fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cheilanthes feei Present in Park Uncommon Native Slender lip fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cryptogramma acrostichoides Present in Park Unknown Native American rockbrake Selaginellaceae (Spikemoss Family) Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella densa Present in Park Rare Native Lesser spikemoss Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella weatherbiana Present in Park Unknown Native Weatherby's clubmoss CONIFERS Cupressaceae (Cypress family) Vascular Plant Pinales Cupressaceae Juniperus scopulorum Present in Park Unknown Native Rocky Mountain juniper Pinaceae (Pine Family) Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies concolor var. concolor Present in Park Rare Native White fir Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies lasiocarpa Present -
Conservation Status Assessment of Native Vascular Flora of Kalam Valley, Swat District, Northern Pakistan
Vol. 10(11), pp. 453-470, November 2018 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2018.1211 Article Number: 44D405259203 ISSN: 2141-243X Copyright ©2018 International Journal of Biodiversity and Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Conservation Full Length Research Paper Conservation status assessment of native vascular flora of Kalam Valley, Swat District, Northern Pakistan Bakht Nawab1*, Jan Alam2, Haider Ali3, Manzoor Hussain2, Mujtaba Shah2, Siraj Ahmad1, Abbas Hussain Shah4 and Azhar Mehmood5 1Government Post Graduate Jahanzeb College, Saidu Sharif Swat Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 2Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 3Department of Botany, University of Swat Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 4Government Post Graduate College, Mansehra Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 5Government Post Graduate College, Mandian Abotabad Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. Received 14 July, 2018; Accepted 9 October, 2018 In the present study, conservation status of important vascular flora found in Kalam valley was assessed. Kalam Valley represents the extreme northern part of Swat District in KPK Province of Pakistan. The valley contains some of the precious medicinal plants. 245 plant species which were assessed for conservation studies revealed that 10.20% (25 species) were found to be endangered, 28.16% (69 species) appeared to be vulnerable. Similarly, 50.6% (124 species) were rare, 8.16% (20 species) were infrequent and 2.9% (7 species) were recognized as dominant. It was concluded that Kalam Valley inhabits most important plants majority of which are used in medicines; but due to anthropogenic activities including unplanned tourism, deforestation, uprooting of medicinal plants and over grazing, majority of these plant species are rapidly heading towards regional extinction in the near future. -
Black Cohosh & Endangered Species Actaea Racemosa L
Natural Heritage Black Cohosh & Endangered Species Actaea racemosa L. Program State Status: Endangered www.mass.gov/nhesp Federal Status: None Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife DESCRIPTION: Black Cohosh (Actaea racemosa, formerly Cimicifuga racemosa) is a striking herbaceous perennial plant of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), with alternate, compound leaves and four to nine malodorous, wand-like, white inflorescences. Though indigenous to rich woodlands, Black Cohosh is also a common garden and herbal medicinal plant, and goes by the other common names Black Snakeroot, Squawroot, and Bugbane. AIDS TO IDENTIFICATION: The leaves of Black Cohosh are 15 to 60 cm (~6–23 in.) in length, smooth, and two to three times “ternately” (i.e., divided in three) compound, with 20 to 70 toothed leaflets. The flowering stem can be quite tall, reaching up to 2.5 m (~8 ft.) in height; it is branched, with several racemes of fetid, white flowers. Individual flowers appear as a mass of stamens with white filaments 5 to 10 mm long, topped by rounded anthers. The fruit is a thick-walled follicle, 5 to 10 mm in size. SIMILAR SPECIES: The leaves of Black Cohosh resemble those of Red Baneberry (Actaea rubra), and White Baneberry (Actaea pachypoda). Like Black Cohosh, baneberries are known from rich woodlands and have compound leaves with toothed leaflets, but they are typically much smaller plants. The most distinguishing characters are the inflorescence and the fruit; in baneberries, the inflorescence is an unbranched raceme, and the fruit are berries, not follicles. HABITAT: In Massachusetts, Black Cohosh inhabits very rich deciduous forests typically with moist alkaline soils. -
Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family
Ranunculaceae buttercup family Larkspur, Columbine, Clematis and Anenome are common showy garden favourites belonging to this Page | 781 family. Mostly herbaceous, 2500 species have been described, organized in 51–88 genera. Flowers are regular, except in the Larkspur and Monkshood, where sepals resemble petals in form and colour. Petals may be present or absent. Stamens are numerous; pistils 1–many, developing fruit of various forms. The stamens may be modified into a staminode, producing nectar in some species. It may be large and showy as in the Columbine or inconspicuous. Leaves are alternate and compound, with some exceptions. Several are woody and some are even vines. Key to the species A. Plant a vine or climbing by clasping petioles. Clematis aa. Plant herbaceous, not climbing. B B. Leaves simple, shallowly lobed or serrate. C C. Leaves mostly 0.5–5cm wide; cauline leaves reduced; fruit an achene, Ranunculus many per plant. (Buttercups, in part). cc. Leaves kidney-shaped, 5–20cm wide; fruit a follicle, with many Caltha seeds. bb. Leaves compound, or deeply lobed. D D. Leaves all basal; plant <10cm tall. E E. Leaves trilobed, cut half or two-thirds to their bases, Hepatica margins smooth; flowers blue; sepals minute; rare species. ee. Leaves with 3 leaflets, toothed; flowers white, sepals Coptis absent; common in a variety of habitats. dd. Leaves both basal and cauline, or merely cauline; plant >10cm F tall. F. Cauline leaves 2–3, opposite or whorled; flowers 1– Anemone several, white; pedicels long; sepals petaloid. ff. Cauline leaves alternate, >3; flowers many, panicle; G yellow, pink, or purple; petals present. -
Index of Botanist Names Associated with the Flora of Putnam Park Frederick Warren King
Index of Botanist Names Associated with the Flora of Putnam Park Frederick Warren King Standard abbreviation form refers to how the botanist’s name may appear in the citation of a species. For a number of the botanists who appear below, they are the authorities or co- authorities for the names of many additional species. The focus in this list is on flowers that appear in Putnam Park. Andrews, Henry Cranke (c. 1759 – 1830). English botanist, botanical artist, and engraver. He is the authority for Scilla siberica, Siberian Squill. Standard abbreviation form: Andrews Aiton, William (1731–1793). He was a Scottish botanist, appointed director of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1759. He is the authority for Solidago nemoralis, Vaccinium angustifolium, Viola pubescens, and Viola sagittate. He is the former authority for Actaea rubra and Clintonia borealis. Standard abbreviation form: Aiton Aiton, William Townsend (1766 – 1849). English botanist, son of William Aiton. He is the authority for Barbarea vulgaris, Winter Cress. Standard abbreviation form: W.T. Aiton Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan Ali (b. 1939). Iraqi born American botanist, Senior Curator at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Co-authority for Arabidopsis lyrate, Lyre-leaved Rock Cress and Boechera grahamii, Spreading-pod Rock Cress, and authority for Boechera laevigata, Smooth Rock Cress. Standard abbreviation form: Al-Shehbaz Avé-Lallemant, Julius Léopold Eduard (1803 – 1867). German botanist, co-authority for Thalictrum dasycarpum, Tall Meadow Rue. The genus Lallemantia is named in his honor. Standard abbreviation form: Avé-Lall. Barnhart, John Hendley (1871 – 1949). Was an American botanist and non-practicing MD. He is the authority for Ratibida pinnata.