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858 Spec Tech 001/Lab/Pwdr
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS & TECHNICAL DATA 858 POWDER CARAMEL COLOR, CLASS IV – E150d CAS No: 8028-89-5 / EINECS: 232-435-9 Description According to Title 21 CFR 73.85, the color additive Caramel is the dark brown liquid or solid material resulting from the carefully controlled heat treatment of food-grade carbohydrates. Certain food-grade acids, alkalis and salts may be employed to assist caramelization. Ingredients list: Caramel Color Labelling: Caramel Color, Caramel Organoleptic properties Appearance: Dark brown powder Odor: Typical Taste: Characteristic bitter, burnt sugar taste Chemical / Physical properties – Specifications (as manufactured) Tinctorial Power: 0.817-0.903 (560 nm, 0.1% solution), Absorbance units pH: 5.0-6.0 (1% w/v solution) Moisture: 4.5% Particle size: 90% through #100 U.S. Standard Sieve Chemical / Physical properties - Indicative values Color Intensity: 0.500-0.561 (610 nm, 0.1 % solution), Absorbance units Dry Matter: 97.4% Microbiological properties Aerobic Plate Count: < 1000 cfu/g Yeast: < 20 cfu/g Mold: < 20 cfu/g E. coli: < 3 MPN/g Salmonella: Negative/375g PAGE SETHNESS PRODUCTS COMPANY Original (mm/dd/yyyy): Revised (mm/dd/yyyy): 1 OF 3 1347 Beaver Channel Parkway, Clinton, IA 52732, USA 01/01/2020 01/01/2020 858 SPEC TECH 001/LAB/PWDR NOTE: Once this document is copied, printed, emailed, downloaded, or modified in any way from what is stated on its’ docsign sheet, it becomes UNCONTROLLED. For the current Controlled Document or assistance contact [email protected] or www.sethness.com or call 888-772-1880. Heavy Metals Arsenic: < 0.1 ppm Lead: < 0.1 ppm Mercury: < 0.01 ppm Cadmium: < 0.1 ppm GMO / Genetically Engineered (GE) status GE: Manufactured from HDCS which is derived from genetically engineered plants. -
Calcium Stearate Processing
National Organic Standards Board Technical Advisory Panel (TAP) Review Compiled by University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (UC SAREP) for the USDA National Organic Program Calcium Stearate Processing Executive Summary1 A petition is under consideration with respect to NOP regulations subpart G §205.605, governing the use of substances in processed products: Petitioned: Inclusion of calcium stearate on National List of nonagricultural substances allowed in or on processed products labeled as “organic” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s)).” Calcium stearate is a compound of calcium with a mixture of solid organic acids obtained from edible sources. It is generally used as a solid-phase lubricant that reduces friction between particles of the substance to which it is added. The Petitioner’s intended use is “as a flow agent (anti-dusting agent)” to be used in dry flour based ingredients sold to bakeries (NOSB Petition). The NOP has no prior listing or ruling on the substance. All three reviewers agreed that the substance should be considered synthetic. The reviewers were divided over the use of calcium stearate in food labeled as “organic.” Two of the reviewers felt it should not be allowed in these foods, while one reviewer felt it should be accepted. One reviewer who voted to restrict its use indicated that more information was needed on the nature of the substance and its potential applications, and the other reviewer felt that inclusion of a “synthetic” substance in organics runs contrary to consumer’s expectations regarding organic products. All three reviewers agreed that the substance should be allowed in products labeled as “made with organic…” ingredients. -
The Safety Evaluation of Food Flavouring Substances
Toxicology Research View Article Online REVIEW View Journal The safety evaluation of food flavouring substances: the role of metabolic studies Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00254h Robert L. Smith,a Samuel M. Cohen, b Shoji Fukushima,c Nigel J. Gooderham,d Stephen S. Hecht,e F. Peter Guengerich, f Ivonne M. C. M. Rietjens,g Maria Bastaki,h Christie L. Harman,h Margaret M. McGowenh and Sean V. Taylor *h The safety assessment of a flavour substance examines several factors, including metabolic and physio- logical disposition data. The present article provides an overview of the metabolism and disposition of flavour substances by identifying general applicable principles of metabolism to illustrate how information on metabolic fate is taken into account in their safety evaluation. The metabolism of the majority of flavour substances involves a series both of enzymatic and non-enzymatic biotransformation that often results in products that are more hydrophilic and more readily excretable than their precursors. Flavours can undergo metabolic reactions, such as oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis that alter a functional group relative to the parent compound. The altered functional group may serve as a reaction site for a sub- sequent metabolic transformation. Metabolic intermediates undergo conjugation with an endogenous agent such as glucuronic acid, sulphate, glutathione, amino acids, or acetate. Such conjugates are typi- Received 25th September 2017, cally readily excreted through the kidneys and liver. This paper summarizes the types of metabolic reac- Accepted 21st March 2018 tions that have been documented for flavour substances that are added to the human food chain, the DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00254h methodologies available for metabolic studies, and the factors that affect the metabolic fate of a flavour rsc.li/toxicology-research substance. -
16354 Hutch-MSD Oct03.Qxd
METABOLISM OFF-FLAVOR IN MAPLE SYRUP Part II: Remediation of metabolism off-flavor in maple syrup Abby K. van den Berg1, Timothy D. Perkins1, Mark L. Isselhardt1, Mary An Godshall2 and Steven W. Lloyd3 INTRODUCTION 'Metabolism' is an off-flavor described as 'earthy to bitter' which significantly reduces the economic value of maple syrup (Perkins et al. 2006). It periodically occurs in syrup simultaneously over a wide geographic range, and in some years can affect up to 25% of the total annual maple syrup crop (Perkins and van den Berg in press). Research on metabolism at the University of Vermont Proctor Maple Research Center (PMRC) had two main objectives: 1) to identify the primary compound or compounds responsi- ble for metabolism off-flavor in maple syrup, and 2) to develop a technique maple pro- ducers and packers could use to effectively remediate the flavor of metabolized maple syrup. The primary compound associated with metabolism off-flavor was identified as 2,5- dimethylpyrazine (2,5-DMP) (van den Berg et al. 2009a). 2,5-dimethylpyrazine is a nat- urally-occurring volatile flavor compound found in a variety of heat-processed foods, including roasted beef, cocoa, bacon, and coffee (Maga 1992), as well as maple syrup (Alli et al. 1992, Akochi-K. et al. 1997). In maple syrup with metabolism off-flavor, how- ever, 2,5-DMP occurs in much greater concentrations (up to 40 times greater) than in syrup without the off-flavor (van den Berg et al. 2009a). In practice, producers and packers attempt to blend out the off-flavor by mixing metabolized syrup in with good-tasting syrup. -
Identification of Valuable Corn Quality Traits for Starch Production
Identification of Valuable Corn Quality Traits for Starch Production By: Lawrence A. Johnson Center for Crops Utilization Research Food Science and Human Nutrition C. Phillip Baumel Economics Connie L. Hardy Center for Crops Utilization Research Pamela J. White Food Science and Human Nutrition A project of the Iowa Grain Quality Initiative Traits Task Team Funded by the Iowa Corn Promotion Board 306 West Towers 1200 35th St. West Des Moines, IA 50266 October 1999 Center for Crops Utilization Research Iowa Agriculture & Home Economics Experiment Station Iowa State University, Ames, IA 2 Acknowledgment This report is intended to provoke discussion and debate that will lead to a vision among researchers in public institutions, seed companies, and the starch processing and food industries for modifying corn traits for starch (and other complex carbohydrates) production to enhance utilization and profitability of growing corn. The report attempts to provide direction to farmer organizations and to the corn industry about potential targets for investing research funds. One should recognize that some of the modifications considered required speculation about functional properties and potential applications. Additional research on the relationship between the structures of starch and other complex carbohydrates and functionality in food and industrial applications may refute some of that speculation. Also, this document is a consensus report taking into account the recommendations and reviews of the consultants and advisors identified below. Dr. Jay-lin Jane, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA Dr. Morton W. Rutenberg, Emmar Consultants, North Plainfield, NJ Dr. Henry Zobel, ABCV Starch, Darien, IL Dr. Robert Friedman, Cerestar USA, Inc., Hammond, IN Dr. -
Emulsions and the HLB System
2393 Blaine Avenue Orono, MN 55391 (952) 906-0771 CONVERGENT COSMETICS FAX: (952) 906-9781 www.ConvergentCosmetics.com Emulsions and the HLB System All creams and lotions have one thing in common. They are both emulsions. An emulsion is a system of two (or more) immiscible materials (usually liquids) in which one material (the dispersed/internal phase) is suspended or dispersed throughout another material (the continuous/external phase) in separate droplets. Most emulsions fall into two different classes, oil in water emulsions and water in oil emulsions. In oil in water emulsions, we have hundreds of tiny oil droplets surrounded by water. In water in oil emulsions, we have the opposite situation. We have hundreds of water droplets surrounded by oil. One of the simplest emulsions is a simple vinegar and oil salad dressing. One of the problems with this simple emulsion is that the oil and vinegar don’t mix. To emulsify the vinegar into the oil, we can use an egg yolk. Egg yolks contain a natural emulsifier call Lecithin. Most creams and lotions on the market today are oil in water emulsions. 2393 Blaine Avenue Orono, MN 55391 (952) 906-0771 CONVERGENT COSMETICS FAX: (952) 906-9781 www.ConvergentCosmetics.com In 1949, William C. (Bill) Griffin developed the Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance System or HLB System when he was a chemist at the Atlas Powder Company, which eventually became ICI Surfactants and is part of Uniqema today. All emulsifier have two parts; like a bar magnet. A bar magnet has a north pole and a south pole. Nonionic emulsifiers also have two poles or parts. -
Overview on Annatto and Other Colours, Colour Removal, Analysis
1 Journal 2 Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 3 Title 4 Colorants in cheese manufacture: Production, Chemistry, Interactions and Regulation 5 6 7 Authors 8 9 Sharma, P.1,2, Segat, A.1,2, Kelly, A. L.3, and Sheehan, J.J.1 10 11 1 Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland 12 2Dairy Processing Technology Centre (DPTC), Ireland 13 3School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland 14 15 16 17 18 1 19 ABSTRACT 20 Colored Cheddar cheeses are prepared by adding an aqueous annatto extract (norbixin) to 21 cheese milk; however, a considerable proportion (~20%) of such colorant is transferred to 22 whey, which can limit the end use applications of whey products. Different geographical 23 regions have adopted various strategies for handling whey derived from colored cheeses 24 production. For example, in the USA, whey products are treated with oxidizing agents such 25 as hydrogen peroxide and benzoyl peroxide to obtain white and colorless spray-dried 26 products; however, chemical bleaching of whey is prohibited in Europe and China. 27 Fundamental studies have focused on understanding the interactions between colorants 28 molecules and various components of cheese. In addition, the selective delivery of colorants 29 to the cheese curd through approaches such as encapsulated norbixin and micro-capsules of 30 bixin or use of alternative colorants, including fat- soluble/emulsified versions of annatto or 31 beta-carotene, have been studied. This review provides a critical analysis of pertinent 32 scientific and patent literature pertaining to colorant delivery in cheese and various types of 33 colorant products on the market for cheese manufacture, and also considers interactions 34 between colorant molecules and cheese components; various strategies for elimination of 35 color transfer to whey during cheese manufacture are also discussed. -
Comparative LCA Study Between Tempe and Seitan
Comparative LCA study between Tempe and Seitan Composed by Group 10 Anja Warmington Hilfi Amri Ludvig Almqvist Srinidhi Bharadwaj Santhanakrishnan 16th December, 2016 AG2800 Life Cycle Assessment Abstract Research has shown that food production, and in particular meat production, has a number of effects on the environment. Some of the impacts that are associated with meat production include water and land consumption, pollution from use of fossil fuels, methane produced from animals, and other greenhouse gas emissions. In this report, we decided to consider two different foods that are often used as meat substitutes. One of the foods was Seitan which is a wheat-based product made from gluten, the main protein of wheat. The other food product that we examined was Tempe, which is a soy-based product and is made from culturing and fermenting soybeans. Both these food products are high in protein and are less resource demanding compared to meat production. Therefore, we decided to conduct a life cycle assessment in order to evaluate the environmental impacts that they have. After normalizing our results, we found the four most significant impact categories to be freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, marine ecotoxicity and natural land transformation. We concluded that other methods for raw material extraction and cultivation could be considered as well as more renewable energies for electricity production, as this would help to lower the overall environmental impacts for both products. Table of Contents 1. Goal and scope .............................................................................................. 1 2. Life cycle inventory analysis ........................................................................... 4 3. Life Cycle interpretation ................................................................................ 9 4. Conclusions and recommendations .............................................................. 13 5. References .................................................................................................. 15 6. -
Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients
GUIDELINES ON FOOD FORTIFICATION FORTIFICATION FOOD ON GUIDELINES Interest in micronutrient malnutrition has increased greatly over the last few MICRONUTRIENTS WITH years. One of the main reasons is the realization that micronutrient malnutrition contributes substantially to the global burden of disease. Furthermore, although micronutrient malnutrition is more frequent and severe in the developing world and among disadvantaged populations, it also represents a public health problem in some industrialized countries. Measures to correct micronutrient deficiencies aim at ensuring consumption of a balanced diet that is adequate in every nutrient. Unfortunately, this is far from being achieved everywhere since it requires universal access to adequate food and appropriate dietary habits. Food fortification has the dual advantage of being able to deliver nutrients to large segments of the population without requiring radical changes in food consumption patterns. Drawing on several recent high quality publications and programme experience on the subject, information on food fortification has been critically analysed and then translated into scientifically sound guidelines for application in the field. The main purpose of these guidelines is to assist countries in the design and implementation of appropriate food fortification programmes. They are intended to be a resource for governments and agencies that are currently implementing or considering food fortification, and a source of information for scientists, technologists and the food industry. The guidelines are written from a nutrition and public health perspective, to provide practical guidance on how food fortification should be implemented, monitored and evaluated. They are primarily intended for nutrition-related public health programme managers, but should also be useful to all those working to control micronutrient malnutrition, including the food industry. -
P250 Spec Tech 001/Lab/Liq
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS & TECHNICAL DATA P250 LIQUID CARAMEL COLOR, CLASS III – E150c CAS No: 8028-89-5 / EINECS: 232-435-9 Description According to Title 21 CFR 73.85, the color additive Caramel is the dark brown liquid or solid material resulting from the carefully controlled heat treatment of food-grade carbohydrates. Certain food-grade acids, alkalis and salts may be employed to assist caramelization. Ingredients list: Caramel Color Labelling: Caramel Color, Caramel Organoleptic properties Appearance: Dark brown, fluid liquid Odor: Typical Taste: Characteristic bitter, burnt sugar taste Chemical / Physical properties – Specifications (as manufactured) Tinctorial Power: 0.232-0.256 (560 nm, 0.1% solution), Absorbance units pH: 4.1-4.8 (as is) Baume’: 34.7-35.6 @ 60°F (15.5°C) Specific Gravity: 1.315-1.325 @ 60°F (15.5°C) Chemical / Physical properties - Indicative values Color Intensity: 0.128-0.140 (610 nm, 0.1 % solution), Absorbance units Dry Matter: 69.2% Density: 10.95-11.04 (lb/gal @ 60°F (15.5°C)) Microbiological properties Aerobic Plate Count: < 200 cfu/g Yeast: < 10 cfu/g Mold: < 10 cfu/g E. coli: < 3 MPN/g Salmonella: Negative/25g PAGE SETHNESS PRODUCTS COMPANY Original (mm/dd/yyyy): Revised (mm/dd/yyyy): 1 OF 3 1347 Beaver Channel Parkway, Clinton, IA 52732, USA 01/01/2020 01/01/2020 P250 SPEC TECH 001/LAB/LIQ NOTE: Once this document is copied, printed, emailed, downloaded, or modified in any way from what is stated on its’ docsign sheet, it becomes UNCONTROLLED. For the current Controlled Document or assistance contact [email protected] or www.sethness.com or call 888-772-1880. -
Properties of Maltodextrins and Glucose Syrups in Experiments in Vitro and in the Diets of Laboratory Animals, Relating to Dental Health
Downloaded from British Journal of Nutrition (2000), 84, 565±574 565 https://www.cambridge.org/core Properties of maltodextrins and glucose syrups in experiments in vitro and in the diets of laboratory animals, relating to dental health T. H. Grenby* and M. Mistry . IP address: Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, GKT Dental Institute, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK (Received 5 July 1999 ± Revised 13 December 1999 ± Accepted 26 January 2000) 170.106.33.42 The objective of the study was to examine the cariogenic potentials of maltodextrins and glucose , on syrups (two glucose polymers derived from starch) using a range of techniques in vitro and in 01 Oct 2021 at 02:19:26 laboratory animals. The experimental methods used were: (1) measurement of acid production from glucose syrups and maltodextrins by human dental plaque micro-organisms; (2) evaluation of the role salivary a-amylase in degrading oligosaccharides (degree of polymerisation .3) in the glucose polymers, estimating the products by HPLC; (3) assessment of the fermentability of trioses relative to maltose; (4) measurement of dental caries levels in three large-scale studies in laboratory rats fed on diets containing the glucose polymers. It was found that acid production from the glucose polymers increased as their higher saccharide content fell. Salivary a-amylase , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at rapidly degraded the oligosaccharides (degree of polymerisation .3), mainly to maltose and maltotriose. In the presence of oral micro-organisms, maltotriose took longer to ferment than maltose, but by the end of a 2 h period the total amount of acid produced was the same from both. -
INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CARAMEL ASSOCIATION Caramel
INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL CARAMEL ASSOCIATION 1900 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 Caramel Colors Safety Status Caramel Colors have been used safely in food products since the 19th century. Caramel Colors are authorized to be used in food products globally. Four different Classes (I, II, III and IV) of Caramel Colors exist based on their means of manufacture and their individual physical properties which are suitable for different applications. Caramel Color is used in a wide range of food products, including but not limited to soft drinks, beer, spirits, bakery products, cereals, sauces, soups, meats and spice blends, etc. Recently, questions were raised about a trace component, 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI) generated during manufacture of certain Caramels Colors (Classes III and IV) as a result of a US National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2007 study finding lung tumors in mice fed very high levels of 4-MEI. In the same study, rats fed high levels of 4-MEI exhibited reductions in 5 tumor types. California’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has chosen to list 4-MEI as a Proposition 65 chemical requiring a warning label on all foods/beverages, if the dietary intake of 4-MEI from the food/beverage product exceeds 29 micrograms/kg. No regulatory agency has taken any action concerning the use of Caramel Colors by any national or international regulatory body. The safety of Caramel Colors has been established and reaffirmed numerous times over the last four decades. Regulatory specifications, including specifications for 4-MEI have been established by The Joint Expert Committee for Food Additives (JECFA), The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)/Food Chemical Codex (FCC) and numerous other countries.