DOCSLIB.ORG

Bulletin801923smit.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bulletin801923smit.Pdf SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 80 MANDAN AND HIDATSA MUSIC FRANCES WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1923 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 60 CENTS PER COPY PURCHASER AGREES NOT TO RESELL OR DISTRIBUTE THIS COPY FOR PROFIT.—PUB. RES. 57, APPROVED MAY U, 1922 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, D. C ., December 15, 1918. Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith the accompanying manuscript, entitled " Mandan and Hidatsa Music," by Frances Dens- more, and to recommend its publication as a bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Very respectfully, J. Walter Fewkes, Chief. Dr. Charles D. Walcott, Secretm'y of the Smithsonian Institution. ; FOREWORD A phase of Indian life hitherto untouched by the present writer is shown in this work. The Mandan and Hidatsa lived in houses which were grouped in permanent villages, their environment differ- ing essentially from that of the Chippewa and Sioux in their camps or the Ute in the fastnesses of the mountains. The music of the latter tribes has been analj^zed in previous works/ and a comparative statement of results is presented in this volume. The songs of the Mandan and Hidatsa were recorded on the Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota during the summers of 1912 and 1915, an additional trip being made in 1918 to complete the material. This research was suggested by Dr. O. J. Libby, secre- tary of the State Historical Society of North Dakota, and the first season's work was under the auspices of that society. The subsequent work was under the auspices of the Bureau of American Ethnology. The writer desires to acknowledge the valued assistance of her two principal interpreters, Mr. James Holding Eagle, a member of the Mandan tribe, who interpreted and translated that language, and Mr. Fred Huber, who interpreted and translated the Hidatsa. Mr. Holding Eagle was bom in 1884, received liis early education at the Fort Berthold Mission of the Congregational Church, and graduated fi'om the Santee Normal Training School at Santee, Nebr. He is now engaged in missionary work among his people on the Fort Berthold Reservation, Mr. Huber went to Fort Berthold as a musician with the United States Army, and for more than 30 years spent the majority of his time among the Hidatsa. He died before the completion of the present work. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the assistance rendered by officials of the North Dakota Historical Society, also of the courtesy extended by Dr. C. L. Hall, who for more than 40 years has been a missionary of the Congregational Church on the reservation. The writer desires also to express her appreciation of the assistance cordially given by members of the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology and the United States National Museum in their re- spective fields of research. Frances Densmorel • Chippewa Music. Bull. 45 ; Chippewa Music II, Bull. 53 ; Teton Sioux Music, Bull. 61 and Northern Ute Music, Bull. 75, Bur. Amer. Ethn. CONTENTS Page. List of songs by serial numbers xi List of songs by catalogue numbers xiv Special signs used in transcription of songs xvi Phonetic key xvii Names of singers xvii Informants wbo did not record songs xviii Proper names and other native terms xix Characterization of singers 1 Mandan 1 Hidatsa 2 Mandan and Hidatsa Indians 3 Name 3 History and characteristics 3 Dwellings and villages 4 Pottery 5 Burial customs 6 Language 6 Mytliology 6 Music 7 Musical instruments 8 Drums 8 Rattles 8 War whistles^ 9 Courting whistles 9 Flageolets 10 Dealings with the United States Government 11 Mandan and Hidatsa music 12 Introduction ^ 12 Tabulated analyses of 820 Chippewa, Sioux, Ute, Mandan, and Hidatsa songs 16 Analysis of Chippewa, Sioux, Ute, Mandan, and Hidatsa songs 26 Comparative group analyses of Mandan and Hidatsa songs 32 Graphic representation or " plots " 34 Section 1. Mandan Good Fur Robe 35 The office of Corn Priest 86 The instructions of Good Fur Robe '. 38 VII Vni CONTENTS Page. Societies organized by Good Fur Robe 39 The Goose Women Society 39 Ceremony and meeting of the Goose Women Society 40 The Black Mouth Society 47 Meeting of the Bhick Mouth Society 48 Customs 52 Singing in the gardens 52 Eagle catching 60 Origin of the custom of eagle catching 64 Legends , 80 Origin of the flageolet . 80 Origin of the Buffalo Dance Society 84 The moon and the dancers 86 The black-tailed deer 87 Folk tales 89 The turtle who went to war 89 The man who married the birds 90 The coyote and the skunk 92 Section 2. Mandan and Hidatsa Mandan women's societies 94 Skunk Society 94 Enemy Society 95 Little River Women Society 97 Origin of the Little River Women Society 97 Ceremony of the Little River Women Society 99 Mandan and Hidatsa men's societies 108 Drums, rattles, and whistles used in the societies 112 Songs of the societies 112 Stone Hammer Society of the Hidatsa _ 113 Stone Hammer Society wand 115 Stone Hammer Society songs 116 Fox Society songs 121 Young Dog Society song 129 Foolish (or Crazy) Dog Society songs 129 Dog Society songs 133 Buffalo Society songs 138 Horse Society songs 143 War songs 144 Miscellaneous songs 170 Melodic and rhythmic analysis of songs by serial numbers 178 Authorities cited 185 Index 187 ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES Page. 1. Old Dog 2 2. a, James Holding Eagle, h. Scattered Corn 2 3. a. Crow's Heart's earth lodge, h. Old Dog's log lodge 2 4. a. Entrance to earth lodge, h, Entrance to earth lodge, showing scaf- fold for drying corn 2 5. a, Frame of sweat lodge, h, Corn-drying scaffold 2 6. ff, Missouri River at Crow's Heart's landing, b, Missouri River, looking west 2 7. Dried squash , 6 8. a, Camp on Fort Berthold Reservation. 6, Scaffold burial on Fort Berthold Reservation 6 9. Hand drum, a, obverse; h, reverse, c. Foolish Dog Society rattle. (Z, " Mushroom " rattle 10 10. a. Pan playiug on whistle, b. Whistle and Dog Society rattle 10 11. Plots of Mandan and Hidatsa songs 34 12. Plots of Mandan and Hidatsa songs 34 13. a, Goose Women Society drum, b, Drumming stick used with Goose Women Society drum 40 14. a. Otter Woman, h, Bear-on-the-flat. e, Pan 40 15. a, Yellow Hair, b, Sitting Rabbit, c, Butterfly 62 " 16. a, Bone used for fastening bait in eagle catching, b, c, " Kick-ball 62 17. a, Eagle trap (filled by vegetation in foreground), b. View from eagle trap 62 18. a. Sitting Crow, b, Holding Eagle 62 19. a, Headdress worn in Buffalo Society, b, Stone Hammer Society wand and Foolish Dog Society rattle, c, Head of Stone Hammer Society wand 112 TEXT FIGtJRES 1. Whistle melody 10 2. Plots of Sioux songs compared with Mandan and Hidatsa songs 34 3. Diagram showing movements of men in ceremony of Black Mouth Society 48 4. Flageolet melody 83 5. Plot of song No. 72 141 6. Plot of song No. 92 161 IX LIST OF SONGS 1. Arranged in Order of Serial Numbers Songs of the Goose Women Society Serial No. Catalogue No. Page. 1. The Captive song 808 42 2. Song of the Goose Women Society (a) 809 43 3. "My daughter" 810 44 4. Song of the Corn Priest 812 45 5. Song of the Goose Women Society (b) 811 46 Songs of the Black Mouth Society 6. Song to the raven 861 49 7. "Earth always endures" 859 50 8. " Enemies are many " 860 50 9. Going to dance 903 51 10. Black Mouth Society song 869 52 Garden Songs 11. "Kill the blackbirds" 877 54 12. "The corn is my pleasure" 813 54 13. "I am alone" 814 55 14. " My lover is dead " 875 56 15. "My heart aches every day" 878 57 16. "This is her village" 874 58 17. Song to the corn . ^ 876 59 18. " The first wife laughs " 906 60 Songs Connbx;ted With Eagle Catching 19. Song of the buffalo 821 70 20. Song of the black eagle 822 71 21. Song of the coyote (a) 823 72 22. Song of the snake 824 73 23. Song when making the brush shelter 825 74 24. Song when making the sweat lodge 826 75 25. Song when making the eagle trap 827 76 26. Song when preparing the bait 828 77 27. Song of the little wolverine 829 77 28. Song of the goose 830 78 29. Song of the swan 831 79 30. Song concerning the twine 832 80 XI XII LIST OF SONGS Songs Connected With Legends and Folk-Tales Serial No. Catalogue No. Page. 31. Song of the leader of the herd 838 86 32. Song of the moon 842 87 33. Song of the deer 837 88 34. Song of the turtle who went to war 893 90 35. Song of the man who married the birds 894 92 36. Dancing song of the sifunlf 820 98 Songs of Women's Societies (Mandan) 37. " He never will return " 807 95 38. "He stared at me" 819 96 39. Song of the spirit women 800 101 40. " The Missouri women " 801 103 41. Song of tlie bear 802 104 42. Song of the shell 803 105 43. Song of the coyote (b) 804 106 44. Dancing song of the Little River Women Society 805 106 45. Song of the Little River Women Society (a) 872 107 46.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • D Members Abstained; O Members Not Voting, and That Said Resolution Has Not Been Rescinded Or Amended in Any Way
    Resolution No. 01- /J53/Tlll/SP^ RESOLUTION OF THE GOVERNING BODY OF THE THREE AFFILIATED TRIBES OF THE FORT BERTHOLD INDIAN RESERVATION WHEREAS, This Nation having accepted the Indian Reorganization Act of June 18, 1934, and the authority under said Act; and WHEREAS, The Constitution of the Three Affiliated Tribes generally authorizes and empowers the Tribal Business Council to engage in activities on behalf of the Tribes and ofthe enrolled members thereof; and WHEREAS, The upcoming 2003-2006 Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Commemoration has created an increased interest in the history and culture ofthe Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Tribes and the subsequent need and desire of individuals and various entities from across the United States and abroad to contact the Three Afl51iated Tribes for related information and cultural/historical interpretation; and WHEREAS, the Tourism and Independence OfiBce was established by the Tribal Business Council ofthe Three Affiliated Tribes through Resolution #231- DSB to develop and promote cultural heritage tourism efforts relative to the Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara Nation, Sakakawea, and the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial; and NOW,THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the Tribal Business Council hereby designates the Tourism Director(Amy Mossett) and Independence Director (Dennis R. Fox II) as the official Points of Contact for the Three Affiliated Tribes Sakakawea and Lewis & Clark Bicentennial Commemoration. CERTIFICATION I, the undersigned as Secretary ofthe Tribal Business Council ofthe Three Affiliated Tribes ofthe Fort Berthold Reservation, hereby certify that ffie Tribal Business Council is con^sed of7 members of whom 5 constitute a quorum, [f members were present at a Meeting thereof duly called, noticed, convened, and held on the ^7 day of May^2001, during which the foregoing Resolution was duly adopted by the affirmative vote of Ip members; 0 members opposed; d members abstained; O members not voting, and that said Resolution has not been rescinded or amended in any way.
    [Show full text]
  • July August September October November December January February March April May June
    Greybull Sandstone Photo by David Lopez, MBMG, 2003 January July S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 1 23 123 4 5678 910 4 5678 910 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 February August S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 1234567 1234567 8 91011121314 8 91011121314 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 March September S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 123456 1234 7 8 910111213 5 6 7 8 91011 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 28 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 April October S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 123 12 4 5678 910 3 4 5678 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 May November S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 1 123456 234 5678 7 8 91011 12 13 91011 12 13 14 15 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 28 29 30 30 31 June December S MTWThF S S MTWThF S 12345 1234 678 9101112 5678 91011 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 Butte Office Billings Office 1300 W.
    [Show full text]
  • Kidnapped and Sold Into Marriage on the Lewis and Clark Expedition
    Fact or Fiction? Name: _________________________ Below is a passage on Sacagawea. On the following page is a chart with ten statements. Indicate whether each statement is fact or fiction. Sacagawea was born sometime around 1790. She is best known for her role in assisting the Lewis and Clark expedition. She and her husband were guides from the Great Plains to the Pacific Ocean and back. Kidnapped and Sold into Marriage Sacagawea was kidnapped from her Shoshone village by Hidatsa Indians when she was twelve years old. She was promptly sold into slavery. She was then sold to a French fur trapper by the name of Toussaint Charbonneau. The pair became married and had a son named Jean-Baptiste. On the Lewis and Clark Expedition Although there are conflicting opinions concerning how important Sacagawea was to the Lewis and Clark expedition, she did serve as the interpreter and negotiator to the Shoshone tribe - that was led by her brother Cameahwait. She helped them obtain essential supplies and horses while she carried her infant son on her back. Furthermore, Sacagawea helped identify edible plants and herbs and prevented hostile relations with other tribes simply by being with the expedition. She was even more important on the return trip because she was familiar with the areas in which the expedition was traveling. Lewis and Clark received credit for discovering hundreds of animals and plants that Sacagawea had probably seen for years. Although she received no payment for her help, her husband was rewarded with cash and land. Death and Adoption of her Children Six years after the journey, Sacagawea died after giving birth to her daughter Lisette.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies in Plains Indian Folklore
    STUDIES IN PLAINS INDIAN FOLKLORE BY ROBERT H. LOWIE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY Volume 40, No. 1, pp. 1-28 UNIYERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES 1942 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS IN AmERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY EDIToRtS: A. L. KROEBER, R. H. LowI, T. D. MOCOWN, R. L. OLSON Volume 40, No. 1, pp. 1-28 Submitted by editors September 4, 1940 Issued April 23, 1942 Price, 35 cents UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY, CALIFORNI CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON, ENGLAND PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA STUDIES IN PLAINS INDIAN FOLKLORE BY ROBERT H. LOWIE INTRODUCTION IN THE SUMMER Of 1910 and 1911 I visited the Hidatsa and Mandan at Fort Berthold Reservation in North Dakota, my primary object being the study of their age societies for the American Museum of Natural History. During one of these sojourns I obtained from Wolf-chief the following version of the Grandson myth, Englished by Good-bird, which presents several points of theoretical interest. About twenty years later Professor Beckwith visited the same tribes, procuring a very full version of the story from Bear's-arm and some fragmentary data from Arthur Mandan.' In addition there are six pub- lished Crow versions,2 as well as two unpublished ones in my possession; the fullest of my variants has appeared in English and is now available in the original. The present purpose is not to present a complete comparative study, which would inevitably merge in a consideration of the Lodge Boy and Spring Boy cycle, and thence of the Twin myths of the New World, but rather to concen- trate on immediately relevant comparative material and, through it, gain light on the processes of differentiation.
    [Show full text]
  • Background Information: Pre-1845
    Background Information: Pre-1845 Chief Four Dance, Hidatsa Early Villages Three Tribes Museum Located in the west-central part of North the Mandan and wrote of his experiences Dakota, the small town of Stanton is often among the villagers of the Upper-Missouri. visited by local farmers and ranchers, and by Eventually a huge trade network was families or individuals who happen to be in established with the Mandan, Hidatsa, and the area. Three hundred years ago and Arikara at the hub. In addition to the possibly longer, a thriving earth lodge European and American traders, by 1805 community of Hidatsa people engaged in Crow, Assiniboine, Plains Cree, Cheyenne, trade with visitors to their villages. People Arapaho, Kiowa, Kiowa-Apache, and came for the garden produce, clothing, Commanche were bringing dried meat, deer moccasins, flint, tools, furs, buffalo hides, and hides, buffalo robes, mountain sheep bows other items the Hidatsa either produced or and skins, and other leather pieces to trade obtained through trade. Visitors were given primarily for the garden foods and flint used food and drink, gifts were often exchanged, to make spear points, arrowheads, knives, and then everyone brought out the items they awls and other tools. wished to trade. Some of the items were saved by the Hidatsa for use in trade with other peoples. Eventually, the Europeans entered the trade network that already existed with Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara in the plains region. The Mandan and Arikara, neighbors of the Hidatsa, also had villages where the same type of village life occurred. At times, the earth lodge dwellers traveled over great distances to obtain trade goods.
    [Show full text]
  • East Bench Unit History
    East Bench Unit Three Forks Division Pick Sloan Missouri Basin Program Jedediah S. Rogers Bureau of Reclamation 2008 Table of Contents East Bench Unit...............................................................2 Pick Sloan Missouri Basin Program .........................................2 Project Location.........................................................2 Historic Setting .........................................................3 Investigations...........................................................7 Project Authorization....................................................10 Construction History ....................................................10 Post Construction History ................................................15 Settlement of Project Lands ...............................................19 Project Benefits and Uses of Project Water...................................20 Conclusion............................................................21 Bibliography ................................................................23 Archival Sources .......................................................23 Government Documents .................................................23 Books ................................................................24 Other Sources..........................................................24 1 East Bench Unit Pick Sloan Missouri Basin Program Located in rural southwest Montana, the East Bench Unit of the Pick Sloan Missouri Basin Program provides water to 21,800 acres along the Beaverhead River in
    [Show full text]
  • City of Mandan Departments
    AGENDA MANDAN CITY COMMISSION MARCH 3, 2020 ED “BOSH” FROEHLICH MEETING ROOM, 1111111 MANDAN CITY HALL C ITY OF 5:30 P.M. MANDAN www.cityofmandan.com WHERE THE WEST BEGINS A. ROLL CALL: 1. Roll call of all City Commissioners. B. APPROVAL OF AGENDA: C. MINUTES: 1. Consider approval of the minutes from the February 18, 2020 Board of City Commission regular meeting. D. PUBLIC HEARING: 1. Consider approval of the first consideration of Ordinance 1335 related to zoning application procedures E. BIDS: F. CONSENT AGENDA: 1. Consider approval of a funding assistance application through the N.D. Department of Commerce for census outreach. 2. Consider proclaiming March 2020 Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month in Mandan ND. 3. Consider approval of the NDDOT Bridge Inspection and Load Rating Services Agreement. 4. Consider approval of an Engineering Service Agreement with KLJ for the Downtown Street Improvement District, #217. G. OLD BUSINESS: 1. Consider entering into an agreement with Condrey and Associates for completion of a salary study that encompasses all City of Mandan departments. H. NEW BUSINESS: 1. Consider appointments to the Mandan Youth Commission. 2. Consider approval of the resolutions and supporting documents necessary for Street Improvement District No. 215A, Project No. 20-04 (Public Works Parking Lot). 3. Consider approval of the resolutions and supporting documents necessary for Street Improvement District No. 215B, Project No. 20-05 (Grounds Maintenance). Agenda Mandan City Commission March 3, 2020 Page 2 of 2 4. Consider approval of the resolutions and supporting documents necessary for Street Improvement District No. 218, Project No. 2019-12 (Northwest Area).
    [Show full text]
  • The Apsaalooke, Or Crow, People Arrived in Southeastern Montana
    ‘EVERYTHING GOOD IS THERE’: EXPLORING THE MATERIAL CULTURE AND HISTORIC LANDSCAPES AT CHIEF PLENTY COUPS STATE PARK Jessica G. Reeves A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History with an Emphasis in Public History Middle Tennessee State University May 2017 Thesis Committee: Dr. Carroll Van West, chair Dr. Ashley Riley Sousa ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Rob, without whose love and support this would not have been possible. Thank you for pushing me when I thought I couldn’t go on. Holly, who was always there to commiserate and who had an uncanny ability to know when I was procrastinating. My friends in Montana, who introduced me to Crow culture and showed me so much kindness and generosity while we worked together: Wendy Red Star, Kaneeta Red Star Harris, Virgil Buffalo, Bernadette Smith, Doug Habermann, Michael Hunsaker, Michael Norton, Ruth Ferris, Miriam Smith, Angela Russell, Jonathan and Raylene Pretty On Top, Tim Bernardis, and Jon Ille. And those friends I haven’t even met in person, but who have provided me invaluable information about the collection, Aaron Kind and Chris Dantic. I would’ve been lost without you! And of course, Dr. Van West and Dr. Ashley Riley Sousa, who both provided guidance, wisdom, and boundless amounts of patience. I feel incredibly honored to have worked with both of you over the past four years, and am more grateful to you than you could possibly know. ii ABSTRACT Alaxchiiaahush, Plenty Coups, was the final chief of the Crow people. His spiritual vision quest as a young man showed him that cooperation with the coming White settlers was the only way to survive, and he led the Crow people through the assimilation of the reservation period.
    [Show full text]
  • Crow and Cheyenne Women| Some Differences in Their Roles As Related to Tribal History
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1969 Crow and Cheyenne women| Some differences in their roles as related to tribal history Carole Ann Clark The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Clark, Carole Ann, "Crow and Cheyenne women| Some differences in their roles as related to tribal history" (1969). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 1946. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1946 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUB­ SISTS. ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. IVIANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE : U-- - ~ CROW AND CHEYENNE WOMEN r SOME DIFFERENCES IN THEIR ROLES AS RELATED TO TRIBAL HISTORY by Carole Ann Clark B.A., University of Montana, 1?66 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1969 Approved by Chairman, Board of iicaminers L, 'Graduate 'School UMI Number: EP35023 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Mandan/ Hidatsa Encounter Packet Unit: Politics & Diplomacy (Elementary and Middle School)
    Mandan/ Hidatsa Encounter Packet Unit: Politics & Diplomacy (Elementary and Middle School) To the Cooperative Group: In this packet you will find: 1. a map showing locations of four tribal encounters 2. a short explanation of the Mandan/Hidatsa encounter 3. excerpts from Clark’s journal concerning that encounter 4. four questions for your group to discuss and try to answer Lewis and Clark spend the winter of 1804-1805 in North Dakota near the Mandan and Hidatsa tribes. During this winter the temperature dropped as low as 40 degrees below zero. The Captains had their men build a fort near the Mandan villages, which they named Fort Mandan. That is where they spent the winter, waiting for spring so that they could continue their journey. The Mandan and Hidatsa Indians were well acquainted with white fur traders and knew of many European customs. During the winter of 1804-1805, these Indians visited Fort Mandan almost daily and were helpful in providing food and information to the Americans. It was while they were at Fort Mandan that Lewis and Clark met Charboneau and his wife Sacagawea. It was also here that baby “Pomp” was born. Here is what Captain Clark wrote in his journal about the Mandan/Hidatsa Indians visiting the Corps at Fort Mandan: William Clark, December 31, 1804 “ A number of Indians here every Day our blacksmith mending their axes, hoes etc for which the squaws bring corn for payment.” At the end of their stay, the day before leaving Fort Mandan, Clark wrote: William Clark, Wednesday, March 20, 1805 “I visited the Chief of the Mandans in the Course of the Day and Smoked a pipe with himself and Several old men.” Questions and activities for cooperative group to consider: • find the location of Fort Mandan • how far did the Corps travel from St.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sacagawea Mystique: Her Age, Name, Role and Final Destiny Columbia Magazine, Fall 1999: Vol
    History Commentary - The Sacagawea Mystique: Her Age, Name, Role and Final Destiny Columbia Magazine, Fall 1999: Vol. 13, No. 3 By Irving W. Anderson EDITOR'S NOTE The United States Mint has announced the design for a new dollar coin bearing a conceptual likeness of Sacagawea on the front and the American eagle on the back. It will replace and be about the same size as the current Susan B. Anthony dollar but will be colored gold and have an edge distinct from the quarter. Irving W. Anderson has provided this biographical essay on Sacagawea, the Shoshoni Indian woman member of the Lewis and Clark expedition, as background information prefacing the issuance of the new dollar. THE RECORD OF the 1804-06 "Corps of Volunteers on an Expedition of North Western Discovery" (the title Lewis and Clark used) is our nation's "living history" legacy of documented exploration across our fledgling republic's pristine western frontier. It is a story written in inspired spelling and with an urgent sense of purpose by ordinary people who accomplished extraordinary deeds. Unfortunately, much 20th-century secondary literature has created lasting though inaccurate versions of expedition events and the roles of its members. Among the most divergent of these are contributions to the exploring enterprise made by its Shoshoni Indian woman member, Sacagawea, and her destiny afterward. The intent of this text is to correct America's popular but erroneous public image of Sacagawea by relating excerpts of her actual life story as recorded in the writings of her contemporaries, people who actually knew her, two centuries ago.
    [Show full text]
  • THREE AFFILIATED TRIBES TRIBAL BUSINESS COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING JANUARY 11Th, 2018 MINUTES [CLOSED SESSION CONTENT EXCLUDED] CALL to ORDER Chairman Mark N
    THREE AFFILIATED TRIBES TRIBAL BUSINESS COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING th JANUARY 11 , 2018 MINUTES [CLOSED SESSION CONTENT EXCLUDED] CALL TO ORDER Chairman Mark N. Fox called the meeting to order at 11:34AM. OPENING PRAYER Prayer by Arthur Tom Mandan. ROLL CALL Present: Councilwoman Monica Mayer, Councilman Cory Spotted Bear, Councilman Mervin Packineau, Chairman Mark N. Fox, Councilman Frank Grady, Councilman Randy Phelan, Councilman Fred Fox. Quorum established. I. APPROVAL OF AGENDA Motion: Councilman Randy Phelan moved to approve the agenda. Councilman Cory Spotted Bear seconded the motion. Vote: 6 Ayes. 1 – Not Voting. Motion carried. Chairman Mark N. Fox – Aye Councilman Randy Phelan – Aye Councilman Fred Fox – Aye Councilman Mervin Packineau – Not Voting Councilman Frank Grady – Aye Councilman Cory Spotted Bear – Aye Councilwoman Monica Mayer – Aye II. APPROVAL OF MINUTES December 5th, 2017 Special Meeting Minutes December 18th-19th, 2017 Regular Meeting Minutes Motion: Councilman Randy Phelan moved to approve the December 2017 minutes subject to corrections. Councilman Fred Fox seconded the motion. Vote: 6 Ayes. 1 – Not Voting. Motion carried. Chairman Mark N. Fox – Aye Councilman Randy Phelan – Aye Councilman Fred Fox – Aye Councilman Mervin Packineau – Not Voting Councilman Frank Grady – Aye Councilman Cory Spotted Bear – Aye Councilwoman Monica Mayer – Aye January 10th, 2018 Special Meeting Minutes 1 | P a g e - Office of the Executive Secretary THREE AFFILIATED TRIBES TRIBAL BUSINESS COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING th JANUARY 11 , 2018 MINUTES [CLOSED SESSION CONTENT EXCLUDED] III. SPECIAL GUESTS & ELDERS TAT_20180111+1144_01d38ad18cc9da84.mp3 A. Nueta, Hidatsa, Sahnish (NHS) Language and Culture Education Board - Evelyn Lone Bear & Bernadine Young Bird Read a prepared statement into the record in the Hidatsa Language.
    [Show full text]