Lived Experiences of Orthodox Jewish Professionals Working with At-Risk Youth in the Orthodox Community David Baruch University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations May 2014 Lived Experiences of Orthodox Jewish Professionals Working with At-Risk Youth in the Orthodox Community David Baruch University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Baruch, David, "Lived Experiences of Orthodox Jewish Professionals Working with At-Risk Youth in the Orthodox Community" (2014). Theses and Dissertations. 662. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/662 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ORTHODOX JEWISH PROFESSIONALS WORKING WITH AT-RISK YOUTH IN THE ORTHODOX COMMUNITY by David E. Baruch A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Doctor of Philosophy In Psychology at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee May 2014 ABSTRACT LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ORTHODOX JEWISH PROFESSIONALS WORKING WITH AT-RISK YOUTH IN THE ORTHODOX COMMUNITY by David E. Baruch University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2014 Under the Supervision of Professor Susan D. Lima A phenomenological approach was used to explore the lived experience of Orthodox Jewish professionals (mental health practitioner, high school rabbi, mentor) trying to break the resistance and connect with the at-risk youth in the Orthodox Jewish community (OJC). OJC at-risk youth was defined as a) youth experiencing life disruptions (in family, school, community, and/or religious contexts) related to psychological issues and reflected in externalizing (e.g., “delinquent”) or internalizing (e.g., depression) behaviors, and b) excluding a youth experiencing life disruptions due to non-compliance with parental and societal expectations (i.e., religious obligations) when devoid of a significant psychological component. Thirteen textural narratives illustrate the culture-specific manifestations of successful and unsuccessful attempts to connect with at-risk youth. In addition, four structural narratives offer insights into the essential components of the connection phenomenon, including, 1) Being non-judgmental, 2) Not “taking it personally,” 3) “Being real,” and 4) Focusing on well-being, not religion. The study concludes with reflections on the findings together with communal recommendations to help the OJC address its at-risk youth phenomenon. ii © Copyright by David Baruch, 2014 All Rights Reserved iii I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Helen. She is the healthiest person I have ever met. If only everyone could have a Helen in their life, the world would be so calm and content. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE Author Preface .....................................................................................................................1 Notice of Intent ........................................................................................................1 Personal Narrative ....................................................................................................5 I: Introduction ......................................................................................................................9 Significance of the Study .........................................................................................9 Purpose of the Study ..............................................................................................11 Research Questions ................................................................................................11 Definition of Terms................................................................................................12 Methodology ..........................................................................................................12 Assumptions and Limitations ................................................................................13 Organization of the Remainder of the Study .........................................................14 II: Overview of Cultural Context .......................................................................................14 Introduction ............................................................................................................14 American Jewry .....................................................................................................15 Demographics. .................................................................................................15 Denominational Differences. ...........................................................................15 Acculturation....................................................................................................17 Summary. .........................................................................................................19 The Orthodox Jewish Community .........................................................................20 Introduction. .....................................................................................................20 Orthodox Judaism. ...........................................................................................20 Life snapshots to illustrate Orthodox Jewish lifestyle. ....................................21 Sub-group Differences .....................................................................................23 Summary. .........................................................................................................24 Jewish Mental Illness and Service Utilization .......................................................25 Introduction. .....................................................................................................25 Epidemiological Research. ..............................................................................25 Critique of Research Findings. ........................................................................28 Summary. .........................................................................................................29 OJC Perspectives on Mental Illness and Treatment ..............................................30 Introduction. .....................................................................................................30 Historical Overview. ........................................................................................30 Distrust of Secular Value Systems ...................................................................32 OJC Stigmatization of Mental Illness. .............................................................35 Summary. .........................................................................................................36 At-risk Youth .........................................................................................................36 Mainstream conceptualizations. .......................................................................36 OJC professional Conceptualizations. .............................................................38 Orthodox Jewish Community Conceptualization. ...........................................43 Current Study Conceptualization. ....................................................................45 The Unique Challenge of the OJC Professional ....................................................45 v III: Methodology ................................................................................................................49 Rationale for Design ..............................................................................................49 Phenomenology......................................................................................................50 Participants .............................................................................................................52 Ethical Considerations ...........................................................................................54 Semi-structured Interview ......................................................................................55 Data Analytic Procedures ......................................................................................56 Validation Procedures ............................................................................................58 IV: Textural Narratives ......................................................................................................59 Introduction ............................................................................................................59 Mental Health Professionals ..................................................................................61 Participant 1. ....................................................................................................61 Participant 2. ....................................................................................................72 Participant 3. ....................................................................................................78 Participant 4. ....................................................................................................90 Participant 5. ....................................................................................................99 Participant 6. ..................................................................................................115 High School Rabbi Professionals.........................................................................127