Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies PROJECT OVERVIEW

Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies seeks to identify within the previous two weeks (defined as five or more drinks in a campus-based approaches for preventing and addressing alcohol- row by males,four or more by females). Further,the Core Survey related problems among the college student population.Initiated shows this heavy drinking rate by 46.8% of students (Pressley and in 1995,this project has undertaken a range of initiatives to help Meilman,1999).Clearly,the general comparability of these three address increasing apprehension and concern about college student national studies,through the use of different methodologies,points drinking.College presidents,in a Carnegie report,cited student towards similar findings of this student pattern of heavy alcohol alcohol abuse as one of their top three areas of concern (Carnegie use.Other subpopulations have been highlighted through the Report,1990). professional literature with higher rates of use and related concerns; often cited are first-year students,fraternity and sorority members, This introduction presents a brief overview of the conceptual and student athletes. underpinnings of this broad-based project.This section of the Sourcebook includes comments about the nature and scope of Problems related to alcohol range from personal consequences cited college student drinking,historical approaches to the problem by students,such as driving a car while under the influence (31%), and the goals of the Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies been hurt or injured (15%),or been in trouble with police or other project.Further,the introduction includes the methodology under- authorities (14%);each of these had occurred in the previous year taken which has resulted in this Sourcebook,as well as related (Pressley and Meilman,1999).College administrators report alcohol’s resources and perspectives. direct involvement in residence hall damage (67%),violent behavior (65%),and student attrition (30%) (Anderson and Gadaleto,2000). Nature and Scope of College Student Drinking Data from multiple sources demonstrates alcohol’s involvement Alcohol use by college students has been an issue of special concern with academics,an issue important to administrators due to the in the United States for many years.Although not sanctioned by centrality of academics to the institutional mission. Heavier drinking college administrators,hard partying,drinking games,beer busts, is associated with lower grades (Pressley et al,1996),performing and chugalugging are common behaviors on many campuses.Many poorly on a test or project (Pressley and Meilman,1999),and young people who enter college already possess patterns of alcohol decreased academic performance (Anderson and Gadaleto,2000). use,reasons for use,and well-developed attitudes toward drinking and intoxication (Milgram,1990). The concern held by college leaders regarding college student drinking is focused on negative consequences for individuals (such The fact is that the vast majority of students in American colleges as the health,safety and academic concerns cited),as well as the and universities consume alcohol on a regular basis.Alcohol use viability of the institution;that is,campus leaders are faced with within the previous year is reported by 84% of students,within the interests and concerns held by multiple constituencies,issues of legal previous month (70%) and daily consumption is acknowledged by responsibility and institutional liability,a long-term perspective of 4.5% of student respondents (Johnston et al,2000). the institution and the institution’s role.Within this context,college Perhaps more disturbing than these overall rates is the data on the and university leaders have attempted to reduce alcohol-related frequency of intense or heavy drinking.Consumption of five or more problems on their campuses using a wide range of strategies. drinks in a row in the previous two weeks is reported by approxi- Documentation of the nature of policies,procedures,data collection, mately 40% of students,a fairly consistent rate since the beginning prevention,education,support services,and related initiatives illus- of data collection by the University of Michigan in 1980 (Johnston et trates the changing nature,scope and breadth of campus efforts al,2000).Comparable data comes from another review (Wechsler et (Anderson and Gadaleto,2000). al,1994) that found 44% of students reporting “heavy”drinking

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 3 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project Overview (continued)

This longitudinal research demonstrates increases and decreases 4. Peer-based Initiatives – student-led initiatives,peer education, in policies,programs and services over the past two decades.While peer advising. many people look for ways of addressing campus alcohol abuse 5. Training – training efforts for faculty,staff,students,campus issues,the prevailing attempt by campus leaders and policymakers leaders,and others. remains one of trying to accomplish this in the simplest way possible 6. Support and Intervention Services – alcohol risk screening, with the lowest level of expenditure.Most campuses still seek low- counseling and referral mechanisms interventions with high-risk cost solutions since the average annual allocation for alcohol abuse drinkers,support groups. prevention on four-year campuses remains under $14,000 (Anderson 7. Staffing and Resources – qualified professional and internship and Gadaleto,2000). personnel, relevant library resources. 8. Policies and Implementation – policy review,policy development, It is within this background and historical setting that the initial appropriate procedures,policy dissemination. effort to provide stimulation and assistance to colleges and universi- 9. Enforcement – police role delineation,discipline process,campus ties,as well as state and national leaders,was initiated.In 1995,The judicial system. Century Council provided a grant to develop resources for colleges 10. Assessment and Evaluation – needs assessments,development and universities in their efforts to orchestrate comprehensive,needs- of appropriate measurement tools,quantitative and qualitative based alcohol abuse prevention initiatives.Under the leadership of approaches to program effectiveness. the project co-directors and its independent advisory panel of experts,the design for the Sourcebook was established. The incorporation of these ten elements in an orchestrated and organized manner,consistent with the unique needs of an institu- The establishment of a campus-based comprehensive program was tion,comprise a comprehensive campus-based program.The deemed to be essential to address alcohol abuse and related prob- advisory panel and co-directors established criteria to be used lems on the college campus.The mission (or ultimate impact) for the for the review process.These include: Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies project focused on the promotion of behavioral health in the college student population by 1. Replicability – how easily done by others. reducing health threats related to alcohol abuse.The outcome 2. Cost Effectiveness – making the most of limited funding. sought and project goal was to increase effective options to better 3. Specific Focus – appropriate targeting of groups/populations. accomplish alcohol abuse prevention and hopefully to replicate 4. Student Involvement – in planning,participation,and promising practices.The immediate project objective was to define, determination of acceptability. assimilate,and disseminate information on the most helpful and 5. Context – background,rationale,appropriateness for campus current efforts to reduce alcohol abuse on the college campus.With environment this framework,the project co-directors and advisory panel deter- 6. Clarity and Appropriateness of Desired Outcomes – clarity of mined,based on their reading of the professional literature and their emphasis or focus;articulation of success criteria. detailed understanding of college initiatives,the overall framework 7. Evidence of Program Success – achievements,consequences, of a comprehensive campus-based effort.This framework incorpo- reports,documentation. rated ten elements believed to be central to campus-based alcohol To identify the “pock ets of excel l e n c e”fr om around the cou nt r y, abuse prevention initiatives: an extensive solicitation was undertaken in 1995-96. 1. Awareness and Information – media campaigns,public The solicitation process included direct personalized information,large-scale events. mailings to key leadership personnel at all 2-year and 2. Environmental and Targeted Approaches – focus on the 4-year institutions in the United States,including the campus atmosphere,emphasis on specific audiences including institution’s president,chief student affairs officer,chief subpopulations or high-risk groups. of police,director of health services,alcohol/drug 3. Curriculum – courses,modules and syllabi,lectures,lesson plans.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 4 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S prevention coordinator,and dean of students.In addition,press 2001 Sourcebook announcements were distributed to state and federal organizations This 2001 Sourcebook combines all of the and agencies that deal with higher education or alcohol abuse pre- abstracts gathered through the three vention issues.Through an extensive multi-staged and independent national solicitation processes.Based on review process over 100 approaches were selected for inclusion in ho w campuses have used the Sou r ceb ook the resulting publication,the Sourcebook. in the past and report their desires for the future,the preparation and Based on the overwhelming success of the process and the positive organization of this document is to pro- reception given the Sourcebook,a second national solicitation vide a single resource in one volume,representing the (1997-98) was implemented.This was accomplished using the same range and diversity of strategies,each of which is appropriate for ten categories and criteria developed for 1995-1996 solicitation. consideration for a campus-based effort. In addition,the solicitation requested examples of comprehensive campus-based efforts which demonstrated the orchestration and Following the Project Overview,the abstracts from the most recent connectedness of the overall campus effort.Using the same solicitation are incorporated and grouped according to the six major solicitation process,over 400 applications were received and again thematic areas within which programs and strategies were solicited. reviewed;nearly 150 were selected for inclusion with either full or This section is followed by the abstracts from the previous two brief abstracts. solicitations within each of the eleven topic areas (beginning with Comprehensive and ending with Assessment and Evaluation).Within In 1999,the advisory panel and co-directors determined that a third each area,abstracts are organized alphabetically by program title. national solicitation was again timely and appropriate.However, The abstracts included are as previously published.While contact based on their professional assessment that significant changes in information for individual campuses may have changed,the identity each of the ten initially defined areas had probably not occurred, of the person(s) who initially submitted the program which was new categories for solicitation were identified.Thus,this solicitation approved for inclusion in the Sourcebook is cited,along with the encompassed six areas:Community,Task Force,Targeted Audiences, publication date.To assist campuses in keeping up to date with the Technology,Value Conflict Resolution,and Stakeholders. revisions to campus programs,as well as networking with campus Using the same extensive personalized mailing to campus leaders personnel,the Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies and state and national officials,the solicitation focused on areas project,maintains revisions and current contact information on where progress had been observed or where progress was antici- its Web site (www.promprac.gmu.edu). pated.This solicitation process,too,resulted in over 400 applications These abstracts are then followed by the Project Findings and with over 100 records selected for inclusion in the Sourcebook. Recommendations emerging from the years of the Promising These three national solicitation processes identified a tremendous Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies initiative. number of resources and insights about the state of the art of college-based strategies to address alcohol-related problems on How to Use the Sourcebook the college campus.While greater attention is given to this in the The value of the Sourcebook,both in its written and electronic form, findings and recommendations section of this resource,suffice it to is that it can be used for review,for reflection, for revision,and for say at this point that the project co-directors and advisory panel rejuvenation.Campus leadership personnel committed to tackling are quite impressed with the diversity of approaches.This is not to alcohol misuse on their campus may review their campus’s efforts suggest that these professionals are fully satisfied with the current by determining the extent to which each of the ten components of state of the art.The intent throughout this process has been to pro- vide resource assistance and motivation,as well as inspiration,to help campuses move forward in their individual and collaborative efforts to address alcohol-related problems.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 5 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project Overview (continued)

a comprehensive campus-wide initiative is being addressed.Since a The Task Force Planner and accompanying Task Force range of strategies is included in each of these ten component areas, Planner Guide were designed to help campuses campus personnel are able to examine the implementation of their more fully understand the “shared responsibility” efforts in each of the areas from multiple perspectives.For example, necessary for implementing a comprehensive in the Staffing and Resources area,questions might be raised regard- campus-based program.This shared responsibility ing campus use of space,services,personnel allocations,and funding. demonstrates that a range of personnel must be engaged in a wide variety of different processes Another approach is to use the strategies in a component as an and approaches for any meaningful results to be “idea bank”for individuals or groups interested in pursuing a specific ac h i e ved .Tha t is,while there may be a designated coord i - direction.They may look at the variety of strategies in that segment na tor such as is found on approximately 70 percent of college cam- and determine ways in which some of them might be implemented puses,it is unrealistic to expect this single individual to implement on their campus.A third approach is to identify creative ways of and orchestrate all campus-based efforts.The importance of institu- blending strategies currently found in different areas (e.g.,a curricu- tional i z a tion within an over all campus-wide fram e wor k was funda- lum-based approach might benefit from targeting a different popu- me nt a l to the development of this Task Force Planner.Also inherent lation through the use of awareness and peer-based strategies, in the development of this resource is the growing emphasis upon thereby blending approaches from several areas). task forces to help organize and implement campus-wide efforts. Through dissemination and diffusion efforts,campuses can keep The framework of the Task Force Planner is an 8 x 10 grid for which various individuals and groups informed of the ways in which they specific strategies are identified for each of ten groups.Using the might implement specific strategies on their campus.Sections of foundation of the elements of the program and strategic approaches the Sourcebook can be“cut and pasted,”either electronically or in identified in the Sourcebook,the project co-directors and advisory written form,and distributed to campus groups and organizations. panel developed a grid with both programs and services (on one Finally,the Sourcebook can be used as an institutional “self-audit.” axis) and groups and organizations (on the other axis).The resulting The ten findings and recommendations serve as a standard against 8 x 10 grid provided an opportunity for the project leaders to iden- which an institution can assess itself.An interesting technique is to tify specific strategies appropriate for each of the ten specified ask various groups what their perception is of the extent to which clusters of groups or organizations.Resulting from this is a large each of the findings and recommendations either already exist overview which includes 311 distinct strategies for active considera- on the campus or have the potential to be addressed.Such groups tion by campuses.While it is certainly not realistic for a campus to might include faculty,staff,administrators,students,alumni,parents, implement all of the strategies,what is realistic is to extend the and community members.In a similar way,within an existing group thinking about “who can do what”in the implementation of the such as a fraternity/sorority or athletic team,the perception of campus-based effort. new members might be distinguished from those who have been This Task Force Planner,while available on the involved for several years,as well as those in leadership positions. project’sWeb site,is also prepared in a large Related Resources 2’x 3’poster.Accompanied by the Task Force Planner Guide in booklet form,this guide In addition to the range of strategies identified through the three includes the same content elements as is national solicitation processes which resulted in this Sourcebook, found in the Task Force Planner; however,it also the project co-directors and the advisory panel have undertaken two includes examples,fr om the proj e c t’s Sou r ceb ook , which illustrate the other major initiatives to provide resource assistance and motivation st r ategies identi f i e d .These strategies are included where they had for campus leadership personnel. Each of these is designed to help been implemented and previously identified.On the project’sWeb provide a framework and concrete tools for implementation and site,these strategies are linked to the abstract in the Sourcebook adaptation by individual campuses. and,where feasible,directly to the campus project’s Web site.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 6 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S The Task Force Planner and Guide illustrate the broad scope of a The project co-directors and the advisory panel believe that it is com p re h e n s i v e campus-based effor t.While somewh a t overw h e l m i n g through the effective incorporation and utilization of a range of and daunting at first glance,this resource provides an overview for processes and a range of resources that the most appropriate campuses as they consider ways of implementing a thoughtful and campus-based effort can be designed and implemented.Again,there truly comprehensive alcohol abuse prevention initiative. is no single approach that is appropriate for all campuses – no “magic bullets,”no “cookie cutters,”no “quick answers.”Through use To assist in this planning process,proj- of the Action Planner,the Task Force Planner,and strategies found in ect personnel undertook the develop- the Sourcebook (as well as from other national,state and local ment of an Action Planner.This resource resources),campus-based leaders can indeed “work smarter”in their provides specific steps for implementing efforts to address problems related to alcohol on the campus. the campus-based alcohol abuse preven- tion program.Eight distinct steps are iden- Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies tified in this resource which can be helpful includes ongoing strategies to help accomplish in the planning and implementation the original goals of focusing on the prom o t i o n of processes for campus leadership personnel. beh av i o r al health in the college student pop u l at i o n Beginning with the Task For ce,the campus planners establish guiding by reducing health threats related to alcohol principles and set the overall goals and vision for the campus effort. misuse.At its onset,Promising Practices: Once the goals are set,the campus needs are clarified and resources Campus Alcohol Strategies identified as a proj- are assessed.The Task Force then prioritizes actions and effectively ect goal in c r easing effect i v e options for accomplishing alcohol abuse communicates the messages.The effective implementation and pr event i o n by assisting campus staff to sh a r e pract i c es deemed prom - coordination of these efforts provides the foundation necessary to ising for their cam p u s e s .To help mainta i n this momentum,continuing institutionalize the overall alcohol abuse prevention program. efforts of Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies in c l u d e focused res o u r ce packet s ,ge n e r al publicati o n s ,public presentations, These resources complement those available through the wide and articles in numerous academic and related journals.The aim of variety of other national,state and local initiatives designed to help these multiple and varied resources is to provide assistance and sup- colleges and universities in their campus-based efforts.Noteworthy port to those committed to addressing alcohol misuse on college among these national initiatives are those undertaken by the U.S. campuses.Though ready-made answers and “magic bullets”do not Department of Education (grants programs and Higher Education exist,the to providing leadership,in s p i r ati o n and resources to col- Center for Alcohol and Drug Prevention),the U.S.Department of leagues throughout the country.Continuous and focused attention Health and Human Services (grants programs,training and print will be paid to the long-term problem of alcohol misuse on cam p u s materials through the National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug and the promising progr ams devel o p ed nati o n w i d e to address it. Information),the U.S.Department of Justice (underage drinking initiative),the U.S.Department of Transportation (resource services The project co-directors and the advisory panel members firmly and grants) and a range of professional associations,such as the believe that sustained and heartfelt action is necessary to reduce American Council on Education,the American College Personnel risks related to alcohol misuse on campus.The relevant information Association,the National Association of Student Personnel gathered through the 1995-96,the 1997-98,and the 1999-2000 Administrators,the National Collegiate Athletic Association,the solicitation processes and incorporated in this Sourcebook provide North-American Interfraternity Conference,and the American helpful insights for all those committed to preventing alcohol College Health Association.College and university leaders will misuse.Active engagement of key personnel,and use of a range of benefit from many of these resources which are directly related to resources,is essential to redirect our campuses toward a healthier college alcohol abuse,as well as other resources which are less and safer future. directly related to college alcohol issues but which have some direct relevance for them.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 7 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project Overview (continued)

References: Anderson, D.S.,and Gadaleto,A.F.“The College Alcohol Survey, 1979-2000,”George Mason University (VA) and West Chester University (PA),2000. Anderson,D.S.,and Pressley,G.“Drug and Alcohol Survey of Community,Technical and Junior Colleges 1991.”George Mason University (VA) and Nassau Community College (NY),1991. Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.Campus Life:In Search of Community.Lawrenceville,New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1990. Johnston,L.D., O’Malley,P.M.,Bachman,J.G.National Survey Results on Drug Use:Vol.II College Students and Adults,1979-1999.Rockville, MD:National Institute on Drug Abuse,2000. Milgram,G.G.The Facts About Drinking:Coping with Alcohol Use, Abuse,and Alcoholism.New York:Consumer Reports Books,1990. Presley,C.A.and Meilman,P.W.,“1999 Statistics on Alcohol and Other Drug Use on American Campuses.”Carbondale,IL:The Core Institute,1999. Presley,C.A.,Meilman,P.W.,and Lyerla,R.“Alcohol and Drugs on American College Campuses:Use,Consequences,and Perceptions of the Campus Environment:Vol.III:1991-1993”Carbondale,IL:The Core Institute,1996.

Wechsler,H.,Davenport,A.,Dowdall,G., Moeykens,B.,Castillo,S. “Health and Behavioral Consequences of Binge Drinking in College: A National Survey of Students at 140 Campuses,”Journal of the American Medical Association.272:1672-1677,1994.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 8 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies TASK FORCE

Task forces are an increasingly viable approach used by colleges and The nature of the efforts encompassed by these task forces is also universities to help promote alcohol abuse prevention initiatives. widespread.Among the areas to be addressed include policy issues, They emerge for a variety of reasons or from a range of circum- enforcement,prevention and education,and treatment and counsel- stances.Some campuses initiate task forces because of an increase ing services.Student activities,alcohol-free activities and media in medical emergencies,others form them due to one or more advocacy are often addressed by task forces.Some campuses even campus deaths,and still others establish them to help address constitute task forces to address the overall campus environment, problems with the surrounding community. including a cultural shift and an examination of values. In addition to a range of reasons for establishing task forces,a In the implementation of a task force’s efforts,periodic meetings variety of missions and formats exist.Some task forces are on-going, are a universal trait.Often task forces incorporate a range of data while others are short-term. Some are focused entirely on the collection approaches to serve as a foundation for their efforts.These campus,while others have,as their primary focus,the campus and may include a written survey,telephone solicitations,and focus community relationships.The specific emphasis of the efforts of task groups.Efforts to promote and sustain positive task force efforts forces also varies;these include a focus on the quality of life on cam- include the incorporation of a coalition building seminar,neighbor- pus,problems on campus,the promotion of community coalitions hood barbeques,summit meetings and sponsorship of conferences. and overall town-gown relationships.Whatever the primary thrust Some task force efforts have resulted in written agreements,such as of the task force,linkages are often made to security issues and the a tavernowner’s advertising agreement. importance of addressing standards regarding local bar owners. Task forces have found it helpful to have a set of principles that guide Membership on campus alcohol task forces is based on the relevant their efforts to demonstrate meaningful desired results.Included in constituencies as well as the thrust of the task force effort.Campus these are that efforts must be long term,comprehensive,broad personnel include a variety of students,including the student gov- based and have a community foundation.Other task forces clearly ernment association,residence hall students,commuters,Greek articulate a problem statement and propose relevant strategies leaders,peer educators,graduate students,and students overall. associated with those to deal with the problem. Other campus personnel include student affairs,judicial officers, Results emanating from task forces have been both qualitative and police and security,faculty,residence hall staff,counseling,substance quantitative in nature.Increased communication and coordination, abuse coordinators,and student organization representatives.From greater collaboration,and more consistent enforcement of policies the community perspective,membership may include police,bar and procedures have been documented.In addition,some campuses owners,representatives of neighborhood associations,high school report a reduction of incidents and problems associated with personnel,media,and state officials. alcohol use.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 11 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Advisory Committee University of Pittsburgh

Contact: and provides progress reports on the The building of a coalition between the University of Pittsburgh recommendations of the task force. campus and the community has been a Enrollment:26,162 critical component in changing the envi- Public,Four-Year Institution Educational components are primarily pro- ronment at the University.As a result of James Cox vided through the Health Education Office being located in an urban environment, Chair of the Alcohol Advisory Committee of the Student Health Service.This includes students have ready access to alcohol a resource center that houses a variety of Objectives: through beer distributors,liquor stores, health and wellness-related materials.An •To reduce and prevent risky alcohol use and bars.The Alcohol Advisory Committee, interactive drug and alcohol program, and related consequences in collaboration with the surrounding “Choices,”is used in freshmen studies •To promote a comprehensive community,has formed a community classes as well as with residence hall and campus effort coalition,which has developed cooperative Greek programs.Other resources include •To foster individual change through relationships with local establishments and the Fatal Vision Goggles that simulate environmental change the Nuisance Bar Task Force.Through the intoxication and the Alcohol-101® CD-ROM coalition’s efforts,local bars have agreed to Description: program.The P.E.A.R.(Personal Education, close earlier and excessive drinking issues The Task Force on Alcohol and Other Drug Assistance and Referral) Program is an are being addressed. Use,established in 1994,is comprised of educational intervention designed for a variety of health professionals,faculty, students who violate the University’s drug Various departments involved in the administration,staff,and student represen- and alcohol policies.Further,a one-credit Advisory Committee have contributed tatives.Charged with examining alcohol “Sports and Drugs”course is a requirement resources help absorb the costs of the abuse on campus.The Task Force also for all incoming athletes. campus-wide initiatives.In addition,the reviewed current University alcohol policies committee has solicited state and govern- Alternative activities include creating and made recommendations for new ment grants for special projects.Further, environments where alcohol consumption educational initiatives and treatment any fines generated from students with is not necessary.A student group,called approaches. alcohol violations have been redirected Building Alcohol Awareness Responsibly back to alcohol education programs at In 1995,an Alcohol Advisory Committee (BAAR),plans and provides alternative the Student Health Service.The University comprised of administration,staff,faculty, alcohol-free activities to the student body. and surrounding community have also con- and student representatives was formed. The “Safe 21st Birthday Cards”are distrib- tributed to the initiative by offering park- This committee coordinates and assists uted to students who turn 21 with a ing passes,gift certificates,and products. with the implementation of the Task Force’s message encouraging alternative ways recommendations.Central to the Advisory of celebrating that do not involve alcohol. All programs are evaluated separately.At Committee’s efforts is collaboration with a These cards include incentives,such as a minimum,the participants assess each range of campus and community offices. movie passes,which encourage alcohol- program for satisfaction.Where applicable, These offices include the counseling center, free ways of celebrating.Another program other measures are included such as health services,housing,residence life, is the “Alcohol-Free Awards and Incentives” pre- and post-testing or follow-up studies. campus police,judicial affairs,a regional program coordinated by Residence Life. The vast majority of students recognize alcohol research center,alumni,govern- This program rewards students living in that alcohol-free events are available to mental relations,student government, the residence halls who refrain from students who choose not to drink.In Greek affairs,athletics,and the Honors misusing alcohol.The awards are gift addition,misperceptions reported by College.The committee annually reviews certificates,cash awards,parking passes, students are actively addressed through and sweatshirts. social marketing efforts.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 12 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Culture Change Indiana University of Pennsylvania

Contact: of alcohol and underage drinking.The three problems in the prevention area.Within Indiana University of Pennsylvania principles underlying the change of alcohol the treatment area,the lack of full utiliza- Enrollment:13,442 Public,Four-Year Institution culture on the campus are: tion of self-help groups and the non- existence of a formalized referral system Rhonda H. Luckey,Ed.D. 1.Changes must be sustained over the were cited as problems.Finally,within the AssociateVice President for Student Affairs long term. academic area,limited faculty involvement 2.Change must be broad-based and Objectives: and the need for students to learn life skills comprehensive. •To reduce illegal and/or excessive use to make healthy choices were cited. 3.Professional and student members of the of alcohol by college students campus and surrounding community The first year of implementation focused •To implement a multi-pronged approach must be involved. on a range of issues: consistent administra- changing campus culture tion of University policy,collaboration The Alcohol Summit Action Plan is based between campus and local law enforce- Description: upon discussions of the impact of student As an outcome of alcohol-related deaths ment agencies,expansion of late night services,environmental issues,enforce- on this and other college campuses in the programming and transportation,improve- ment practices,prevention and treatment late 1990’s,the University formed four ment of advertising and social marketing, services,and collaboration with academics. community coalitions.The coalitions meet communication with students and families, Within each thematic cluster,problem regularly to address issues of enforcement, delivery of education and awareness statements and a series of strategies were prevention and treatment,university programming,sponsorship of faculty developed.For example,within the student and student affairs,and the community discussions regarding their roles,and services cluster,problem statements environment. expansion of hours for the computer labs include the University’s party school image and the library. To help clarify the nature of problems and off-campus fraternity parties serving and related issues on campus,a telephone alcohol to underage students.Specific The Alcohol Summit Action Planners survey,a paper-pencil survey,and 15 focus strategies include developing,marketing, (ASAP) Group oversees the campus activi- groups were conducted.These helped to and recruiting materials,reviewing policies ties.This group meets regularly to discuss discern students’programming prefer- and expectations regarding Greek organi- progress on the Action Plan, to design ences,their perceptions of the nature zation parties,and encouraging alcohol- assessment strategies,and to implement of drinking,and their opinions on the free events.Within the environment various aspects of the Action Plan. behavior of the student body.Responses cluster,problem areas include issues such The alcohol culture change effort has been underscored the confusing and compli- as tavern practices that encourage exces- supported financially by the University, cated nature of the problems associated sive use,as well as the limited nature of the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, with excessive and underage drinking recreational options. and federal and community funds.A and why behavioral change and cultural For the enforcement cluster,the ease of Department of Justice federal grant sup- change are so difficult to effect. obtaining alcohol and the fact that many ports the expansion of the University’s Although the University and community students were unaware of alcohol policies community policing program.The had many years of experience addressing were identified as problems.The needs of University general fund,activity fees, student alcohol use,an Alcohol Summit a diverse student body and the fact that and housing and health fees have also was planned to initiate an on-going many students believe alcohol use is the supported various initiatives implemented community-wide discussion on the abuse norm for college students were listed as by University offices.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 13 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Review Board University of Buffalo

Contact: numbers of athletes,fraternities and The ARB recognizes the value of drawing University of Buffalo sororities,and residence hall advisors. from the existing expertise of various per- Enrollment:24,257 sonnel on campus.Additionally,community Public,Four Year Institution The Campus Policy Compendium is widely agencies are invited to meetings to assist Madison Boyce circulated and updated on a yearly basis. with the planning and coordination of Director of Judicial Affairs/Ombudsman The ARB consults with the area tavern and events.The ARB includes representatives restaurant owners to address problems Objectives: from student affairs,the dean of students and to work together to form solutions. •To bring together campus and community office,health services,the counseling cen- The ARB maintains a presence at major stakeholders with a shared vision ter,police,center for the arts,graduate and University events in order to get the •To address policy and prevention issues undergraduate student associations,food message out to the public that wellness •To develop creative programs and services and vending services,athletics,physical choices and responsible behaviors go that benefit the university community facilities,and conferences and special hand-in-hand with having a great time. events.A representative of the bar owners Description: Approaches include a newly created video, also serves as an ad hoc member of Since 1968,the Alcohol Review Board “Making Choices:College Drinking,”the the ARB. (ARB) has served to advise and educate Spring Break Biggest House Party of the faculty,staff,and students regarding Year”(an alcohol-free dance party) the The uniqueness of the ARB is that it does important alcohol-related issues. Student Educational Program for Alcohol not function from an existing budget;as Membership is collaborative and represents and Drugs,Alcohol Awareness Week pro- events and programs are agreed upon, a the full spectrum of the population,gov- grams,and Natural High Events. collective financial commitment is estab- ernments,and student groups.The ARB lished from the offices participating.Units The aim of the Alcohol Review Board is listens to the voices of students in order represented on the ARB also donate in-kind to assist as many campus and community to address needs.The programming is open services such as facilities,staff assistance, groups as possible to become part of a to all,and has been creative and successful. food,supplies,and creative ideas. unified solution to the problems related Annual events are attended by large to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 14 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Summit University of Missouri at Columbia

Contact: associations,city police,high school 2.Implement environmental management University of Missouri at Columbia counselors,and the mayor participate. strategies to create a culture that pro- Enrollment:22,930 motes responsible decision-making in Public,Four-Year Institution The Alcohol Summit developed goals, regard to alcohol. Kim Dude, M.Ed. objectives,outcomes,and action steps. 3.Correct the misperceptions of peer Director,Wellness Resource Center Sub-committees focused on working with and ADAPT alcohol and other drug use among faculty,providing alcohol-free social activi- students at the University. Objectives: ties,reviewing policy,working with the •To reduce the quantity and frequency local bars and restaurants,integrating The Alcohol Summit provided the Wellness of student drinking the statement of values,establishing a Resource Center and ADAPT with the nec- •To decrease heavy drinking by students consistent message,and creating social essary support from the top administration and the related consequences norming efforts. of the campus.This resulted in all key players on campus and in the community •To increase student knowledge of To make the environmental change a real- working together on common solutions to alcohol policies ity,the University had to undergo a major common problems.The Alcohol Summit cultural shift that involved reshaping Description: has been viewed as the turning point in norms and expectations.Strong leadership Created by the Chancellor of the University, the history of alcohol abuse prevention at was necessary to convey the importance of the Alcohol Summit began in the spring the University.The goals,objectives,and this process.The campus community task of 1998.The campus-community task strategies of the Alcohol Summit are force created by the University’s Chancellor force members include representatives extremely comprehensive,involving all has been most effective in implementing from ADAPT (Alcohol and Drug Prevention aspects of the campus and community. this change. Team),Greek life,residential life,campus The process of implementing the Alcohol judicial,campus police,student health, The following specific recommendations Summit’s strategies has resulted in increas- athletics,alumni relations,admissions, are based on the Alcohol Summit’s goals ing the critical mass of people involved in and public relations.Faculty,the Chancellor, and objectives: this change effort through programs, the Vice Chancellor,and students from the 1.Create a community that is committed to training,educational marketing and social Residence Hall Association,Interfraternity developing thoughtful,mature,responsi- norming efforts. Council,Panhellenic,PARTY (the local ble adults in fostering a sense of inter- BACCHUS chapter),the Missouri Students connectedness among its members.This Association,and the Graduate Students community of learners will value respon- Association are also members.In addition, sible choices in regard to alcohol. com m u n i t y,lo cal bar own e r s ,ne i g h bo rh o od

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 15 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Task Force Bridgewater State College

Contact: and reporting to the Board within 2 for violating the college alcohol policy were Bridgewater State College months.The Alcohol Task Force embarked introduced.During the second year,policies Enrollment:8,955 Public,Four-Year Institution upon new efforts to improve the campus were successfully established on alcohol community.As such,the policies apply to advertising and promotion,and the service Ann M.Doyle,M.Ed. Outreach Education Coordinator, all campus members with a majority of of alcohol at student events.A review of Alcohol/Drug Program work focusing upon the resident student campus alcohol education offerings was population. also undertaken.Publicity surrounding the Objectives: alcohol policy change was intense.Policy •To create the most appropriate and Membership on the Task Force is widely updates were offered in the campus news- consistently enforced alcohol policy. based,including a variety of students from paper,and the college president held open •To decrease alcohol use and negative the Student Government Association,peer discussions and forums with the campus consequences educators,commuters and residence halls. community and select student groups. Campus offices represented include Also,the policy changes and how they Description: Student Affairs,residence life and housing, would impact the community were The Alcohol Task Force has been in exis- judicial programs,police,counseling,and discussed with the local officials at a tence since 1991.It was established to the alcohol and drug program.Through town meeting. review drug and alcohol policies annually continuous review,talking with focus to assure compliance with the local,state groups,obtaining community feedback, Alcohol policy violations have decreased and federal laws.In addition,the Task Force and meeting regularly for updates,the Task across campus,including the reduction of examined the policy implementation on Force assumes a common cause.Thus,it behaviors often associated with alcohol use the campus to ensure that goals and works as a team to improve the college (such as false fire alarms,damage in resi- objectives were being achieved. environment. dence halls,and fights).Most recently,the Task Force has established a strategic plan In response to the state Board of Higher As a result of the Task Force efforts, to address normative environment issues Education which mandated policy change three major changes occurred in the first and alcohol availability in the community. throughout the statewide system,the Task months of action.First,24-hour security Initial steps have been taken to establish Force membership was expanded in 1997 was provided at the first-year residence a campus community coalition with local to serve as a policy review group.At this hall.Second,standardized bag search police,distributors and servers,town time,the college was expected to be in procedures were implemented in all government,and the campus community. compliance with new rules and regulations residence halls.Third,minimum sanctions by immediately adopting the Board’s policy

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 16 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus Community Partnership for Prevention Pennsylvania State University

Contact: and Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board unhealthy,high-risk use of alcohol.”The Pennsylvania State University (PLCB) in 1997.This partnership is tasked key assumption is that“we do not know Enrollment:40,658 Public,Four-Year Institution with the creation and guidance of campus- enough about why individuals engage community partnerships across the Penn in high-risk alcohol use,particularly Margaret Spear, M.D. Director,University Health Services State system. students,”therefore one of the action Co-Chair,Campus Community Partnership steps includes conducting focus groups. The University Park Campus Community for Prevention Partnership for Prevention (UPCCP) was Based on the strategic planning approach Objectives: formed in 1999 as an outcome of the part- described above,the UPCCP has identified •To engage various sectors in changing nership between the University and the and implemented several initiatives. the University and community culture to PLCB.The vision of UPCCP is a community These include: Safe Night,Safe Summer, reduce high-risk behavior associated with where neighbors affirm healthy choices, National Alcohol Screening Day,alcohol- alcohol consumption civility,and social responsibility.The group’s free tailgates,summer programming,and •To increase student and citizen awareness mission is to engage and involve various promotion of alcohol-free activities for of risks associated with high-risk con- sectors of the region to change the campus high school students.The collaboration sumption of alcohol and community culture to reduce high-risk between the University and the Tavern •To promote consistent community-wide behavior associated with the consumption Association resulted in the publication of behavioral standards and expectations of alcohol.The Partnership is comprised of a 21st birthday card that includes alcohol •To facilitate on-going dialog,discussion, 18 campus members,including faculty, poisoning information and a coupon for and information exchange between the staff,and students,and 16 community a free dessert or mocktail.In addition to campus and the community members.Campus representation includes these activities,the Enforcement and Athletics,faculty,Police,Women’s Services, Policy Subcommittee hosts a one-day Description: Judicial Affairs,and the Vice President. conference with local municipalities In 1984,the University established an alco- Community representation includes the to ensure consistent enforcement of hol task force whose members included police,District Justice,Tavern Owners alcohol-related violations. campus professionals and community lead- Association,hospital,Women’s Resource ers and shared a common vision to make Media coverage for the UPCCP’s efforts Center,and school district.The UPCCP has “civility” the cornerstone of behavior for includes cable TV,radio,handouts,news- four working groups:Education and students attending the University.In 1990, paper articles,local television,statewide Awareness,Standards and Expectations, the task force expanded its focus to include news wire service,and the Web site.The Enforcement and Policy,and Social and not only the campus,but also the entire Web site lists all meeting minutes,mem- Alternative Programs. Penn State University system.In 1992,the bership listings,facts and policies,plus collaboration between the campus and Examination of the strategic plans of the links to over 135 different Web sites. subcommittees demonstrates the depth community was formalized when the A process evaluation conducted in 1999 of the campus-wide effort.Each strategic community formed the State College Town indicates that the UPCCP has a high level of plan includes:objectives,key assumptions, Gown Forum.Collaboration expanded functioning.The Partnership has been very action steps,a timeline,and responsible and the task force became “The Council successful in bringing together concerned persons.For example,the Education and for the Prevention of Alcohol,Tobacco,and individuals,representing divergent inter- Awareness Committee’s strategic plan Other Drug Abuse,”which was granted ests,to work on alcohol-related issues in includes five specific objectives.One objec- “Commission”status in 1996.The commis- the community. sion’s role was modified with the creation tive is to“understand and address the of the partnership between the University reasons why individuals engage in

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 17 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chancellor’s Commission on Substance Abuse Prevention Syracuse University

Contacts: drugs,and a doubling of alcohol-related Strategies to achieve these aims include Syracuse University cases during the last academic year. education,enforcement,and involvement Enrollment:18,535 Private,Four-Year Institution Institutional research has determined of community constituents.Initially 15 a strong relationship between drug and organizations,including community-based Anastasia L. Urtz,J.D. Associate Dean of Student Relations alcohol abuse and student attrition. organizations,treatment facilities,and Director of Judicial Affairs colleges,were involved in the coalition’s Syracuse University systematically Dr.Dessa Bergen-Cico development.Recently,the Coalition began collects,analyzes and shares data about Director of Substance Abuse Prevention conversations about external enforcement and Health Enhancement substance abuse related student behavior. issues with tavernowners and other con- The University’s commitment to open, cerned constituents. Objectives: honest communication with faculty,staff, •To cultivate relationships between faculty, students,parents,and the community The Commission and the Coalition have staff,students,and the community makes this process possible.The data drives brought persons from an array of divergent •To promote a shared understanding decision-making,policy development and interests into dialogue with one another of problems related to substance educational programming.The substance and have prompted greater attention to abuse among campus community abuse prevention initiatives are continu- problems related to underage drinking in constituencies ously evaluated and modified to ensure the local business community.In addition, •To encourage voluntary change and that the institution’s many resources for enhanced communication and cooperation minimize targeted high risk practices prevention,education,intervention,and with the state alcoholic beverage control •To oversee the implementation of counseling are directed in a manner that authority has resulted in dedicating policy changes minimizes risk to students while providing resources obtained through grant funding Description: ample opportunity for self-exploration, to promote responsible lawful use of experiential learning,personal growth, alcoholic beverages. The Chancellor’s Commission on Substance and institutional connection. Abuse Prevention and Campus Security Results show that a wide variety of (Commission) and the Syracuse Area The Chancellor’s Commission on Substance individuals with divergent interests have Community Coalition (Coalition) address Abuse Prevention and Campus Security is increased their attention to problems Syracuse University’s substance abuse divided into five subcommittees,and related to underage drinking and enhanced and campus security issues.Through devoted to the following topics:policy their cooperation.Alcohol-free social activi- the Commission and the Coalition,the development,community education, ties have been increased,substance-free University evaluates internal and external counseling services,student activities, housing has been expanded,and other policies,practices,and traditions with the and regulatory compliance. planned changes to the environment have aim of promoting a fundamental shift in been identified.Although the Commission The Syracuse Area Community Coalition, campus community culture. and the Coalition represent highly labor- founded in 1998,is comprised primarily intensive initiatives designed to affect a The Commission and Coalition have been of local proprietors,government officials, shift in campus culture,this approach developed as a result of the University’s health care professionals,community emphasizes an open communication experience of having several tragedies and agencies,neighbor associations,and offi- model,which is grounded with patience, near tragedies related to student substance cials of local colleges and universities.It persistence,and flexibility to achieve abuse and intoxication.This includes emer- was created to provide a forum for inter- maximal effectiveness and support for gency medical assistance due to extreme ested persons to discuss and implement the new policies and campus traditions. intoxication,student violations of the Code proactive strategies to decrease the level of Student Conduct related to alcohol and of unhealthy,unsafe and illegal substance use within the student community.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 18 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Coalition for Healthy Choices Around Alcohol Ohio Wesleyan University

Contact: designed to prevent harmful drinking, Community service and collaborative Ohio Wesleyan University modify the campus environment,increase programming are advertised widely.This Enrollment:1,930 Private,Four-Year Institution low-risk drinking choices,communicate involves various student organizations and healthy options,respond to problem expand,the profile of alcohol-free activi- David S.Cozzens,Ph.D. Chair,Coalition for Healthy Choices Around drinking,and monitor and analyze the ties.Materials prepared and distributed Alcohol;Chair,Division of Student Life effects of the efforts.The recommendations include a summary of Ohio’s 21 drinking are organized into three categories:easily age law,penalties for violating Ohio’s liquor Objectives: implemented,those requiring moderate laws,and questions most commonly asked •To advocate healthy behavioral choices resources,and those requiring a significant by permit holders.Also,a letter from the around alcohol expenditure of resources.Thus,for each of Coalition and the Division of Student Life is •To prevent harmful and high-risk drinking the five overall clusters of efforts,a series sent to students as they turn 21 years of Description: of approaches are found within each of the age;this encourages them to celebrate the The Coalition for Healthy Choices Around three categories (easy,moderate and sig- occasion safely.New students and Greek Alcohol is based on the philosophy that the nificant).The task force was disbanded and students are targeted as high-risk popula- best way to address the complex problem incorporated into the Coalition in 1997. tion and specific orientation programs are focused for them.These programs include of high-risk drinking is to use a broad, Through the implementation of the educational and prevention information comprehensive approach.Campus planners campus-wide task force and the activation and discussions regarding substance use. believe it is crucial that all affected parties of the Coalition,a range of on-going pro- A brochure“Identifying and Confronting come to the table for changing an environ- grams has been established.The alcohol Students with High-Risk Alcohol and Drug ment that often implicitly reinforces policy limits the number of alcohol or Use”helps faculty and staff assist students unhealthy drinking behaviors.This is drug-related infractions that can occur that may be struggling with substance accomplished by a decentralized coalition before a student is suspended.Each infrac- abuse concerns. that disseminates specific responsibility tion carries an increasing fine and includes and provides reminders that solutions an educational and treatment component. Since the appointment of the campus-wide are the domain of all members of the The educational ingredients include use of task force in 1995 and the formation of community. the Alcohol-101® CD-ROM for the first the current coalition for healthy choices The Coalition meets monthly and includes offense,mandatory participation in the around alcohol,many changes,programs, students,faculty,staff members,the city OCTAA class for the second offense,manda- and initiatives have been realized.The mayor,local police,community agency tory alcohol/drug assessment for the third progress made is helpful in the campus’ personnel,and community residents.The offense,evidence of on-going or successful identification of strategies,which are purposes of the meeting are to network completion of treatment for the fourth acknowledged to be ongoing,consistent, and to brainstorm.Specific initiatives offense,and suspension in the case of a and broad based. and activities are also identified during fifth offense.All fines that are collected the discussion. are used to supplement campus-wide alcohol-free programming.During the Recommendations made by the University- recent academic year,these funds were wide task force,appointed by the allocated for 145 programs and activities. University President in 1995,were

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 19 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S College Community Council Plymouth State College

Contact: neighborhood representatives,elected offi- patrolling for litter during the weekends, Plymouth State College cials,and college officials.Together,these noise violations have been reduced,and Enrollment:3,700 Public,Four-Year Institution individuals work to develop policies and the large student gatherings that disturbed practices to help reduce high-risk behaviors the community in the past are now absent. Nancy Dyer,MSW Coordinator of Alcohol and Other in the community. The college now provides a place for Drug Programs students to gather on campus during In addition to the CCC’s meetings,there is festive spring weekends.Arrest statistics cross membership with the on-campus Objectives: are lower,and students are required to •To serve as a sounding board for any Chemical Health AdvisoryTask Force attend an educational component,for member of the college and town (CHAT).Through this cross membership, first-time offenses. communities members of each group are kept abreast •To monitor progress on agreed- of emerging needs with respect to Establishment owners have agreed not upon steps education, counseling,and support.Media to advertise beverage alcohol specials to •To routinely seek ways of promoting representatives are invited to all meetings. students.In addition,alcohol advertising a healthy collaborative relationship Thus,the CCC meetings are routinely cov- is not permitted in any campus facility. ered by the local newspaper,which helps Although all establishment owners do not Description: promote greater public awareness of the attend the CCC meetings,they cooperate The College Community Council (CCC) was coalition’s activities. with the agreed upon strategies. formed in 1987 in response to requests CCC meetings are held at least 6 times Responsible beverage service is a topic at from local citizens who lived in heavily each academic year and may be called as each CCC meeting and progress has been populated student areas.The coalition needed at other times.Currently,college made in this area.When a new establish- addresses issues directly and indirectly officials chair the meetings but this leader- ment opens,the owners quickly receive related to high-risk alcohol use.The ship position is ready to be shared with a phone call to make them aware of the components of this comprehensive the community.An early strategy with CCC agreed upon practices; to date,all have environmental management approach was to host “neighborhood barbeques”for been willing to cooperate.Retailers are include environmental,educational and students,neighbors,and the college staff. provided labels to affix on packages of enforcement strategies.The targets of alcoholic beverages,which caution the CCC are the college students who live The overall aim of the council is to address purchasers about laws against underage on and off campus and whose high-risk destructive behaviors that are often the drinking.In addition,enforcement issues drinking has both individual and second result of high-risk drinking.Landlords include organizing “sting”operations,ID hand effects. have expressed concerns about property checks,and driver sobriety checkpoints. destruction,and neighbors have com- The CCC has evolved into a representative plained about loud parties and litter.With The success of the CCC is specified through group with an emphasis on community cooperation from town selectmen,student comments such as “now people are talking development,permit and licensing and neighborhood representatives,and law with each other.”Ongoing evaluation takes restrictions,alcoholic beverage advertising enforcement,party planning policies have place at CCC meetings as well as at CHAT restrictions,and responsible beverage serv- been put into effect as well as more strict meetings on campus.Meetings are always ices.The “action groups”include landlords noise and litter ordinances. scheduled after “high profile”weekends who rent to students,establishment own- such as homecoming and graduation ers who advertise and provide alcoholic Many positive changes have occurred as to review how all parties handled the beverages to students,campus and town a result of this “town/gown”initiative. celebration. law enforcement,the liquor control board, Student organizations are involved in

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 20 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Committee on University University at Albany, and Community Relations State University of New York

Contact: where the University’s off-campus students addresses and responses to complaints.An University at Albany, traditionally live.In addition,the first rec- Off-Campus Hotline was also developed to State University of New York Enrollment:16,900 ommendation was the establishment of a deal with complaints from neighbors about Public,Four-Year Institution permanent committee to ensure that the student behavior off campus. original recommendations would be imple- Thomas L. Gebhardt Another result is the Tavern Owner Director of Personal Safety and mented and that new initiatives would be Advertisement Agreement.This voluntary Off-Campus Affairs developed. document supports tavern owners who Objectives: In 1990,the Committee on the University agree to review the content of all advertis- •To improve relations between college and Community Relations began to meet ing with an intention of promoting the students living off campus with their monthly with its original overall goal of responsible and lawful consumption of long-term neighbors improving relationships between college alcoholic beverages,and appropriate as •To improve safety off campus students and citizens in the local neighbor- well as civil behavior when leaving their •To develop alcohol and drug prevention hoods.Current membership includes stu- establishment.Further,these tavern own- and education programs off campus dent leaders and professional staff from ers agree to comply with current policies the University and local colleges as well and procedures concerning the posting Description: as officials from the local police and fire and distribution of advertisements.This In 1989,the University of Albany and the departments,city council,neighborhood agreement provides sensible voluntary City of Albany experienced an increase in association representatives,community guidelines for businesses to follow and the number and intensity of complaints leaders,tavernowners,land owners,state enables them to become part of the concerning the behavior of college stu- alcoholic beverage control board members solution rather than the problem. dents off campus.These complaints came and representatives from the restaurant from concerned neighbors,neighborhood A result of the committee is that communi- and tavern association.Membership is associations,and the local police depart- cation has been greatly increased. open to anyone who wishes to join. ment.The complaints resulted from parties Identified keys to the success of this in off-campus apartments;the problems The committee has served as an excellent initiative include the continuous support reported involved the abuse of alcohol, forum for open and honest interaction from city and campus leaders,the open large and unruly parties,loud music,and among those attending.As one citizen and inclusive membership policy of the to a lesser degree trash and litter. stated,“The committee demonstrates committee,the clarification of what can that what seems to be the tradition of and cannot be done,an atmosphere of As a result of these problems,the city’s increasing town-gown antagonism is not cooperation,visibility,and exposure. Mayor and the University’s President necessarily inevitable.”The combined formed the “Task Force on University and Evidence of success is documented by a efforts can be effective in developing Community Relations.”This task force was reduction in campus problems.Off-Campus creative solutions to many common quality composed of University and community Hotline calls are down 84 percent from of life issues. members in a united effort to make recom- 1991 to 1999.Similarly,driving while mendations to solve the problems.The Since many of the incidents concerning intoxicated arrests are down 67 percent following year a task force report was inappropriate behavior off campus seem to in the 2 years since 1996. Alcohol-related released and approved by the Mayor and involve alcohol,a policy was developed to arrests are down 53 percent in the 2 years University President.It identified proactive deal both proactively and reactively with since 1996 and off-campus noise ordinance and reactive measures as part of a compre- house parties involving underage drinking, police reports are down 83 percent in the hensive and multifaceted approach to as well as with alcohol abuse and misuse. 6 years since 1992. im p r ove the situation in the neighborh o ods The campus coordinates the tracking of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 21 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Partnership for Alcohol Responsibility Florida State University

Contact: Policy group works to reduce second-hand ability to control alcohol licensing.One Florida State University effects and enhance intervention program- such strategy involves the city issuing a Enrollment:33,327 Public,Four-Year Institution ming for at-risk students.The Alternative permit to local alcohol outlets in addition Activities Committee coordinates the to the standard business license.The Daniel Skiles,M.A. Director of Health Enhancement campus calendar and provides enhanced permit could then be pulled if a given social and recreational programming. retailer is found to be in violation of noise Objectives: The Media Advocacy Committee promotes ordinances or other local codes.Another •To build support for policy change positive social norms on campus while strategy under consideration is to restrict •To empower the local region with greater working to build public support for alcohol hours of operation for nuisance bars. ability to control alcohol licensing policy change. The key to implementing policy changes is Description: Specific activities implemented on campus an aggressive media advocacy campaign. The Partnership for Alcohol Responsibility include the elimination of alcohol advertis- PAR’s full-time Media Event Coordinator (PAR) Program is a community coalition ing,the establishment of a substance-free works with representatives from the press made up of University students,faculty, residence hall,and the implementation of and electronic media to raise public aware- staff,and members of the Tallahassee a parental notification policy for at-risk ness about problems related to alcohol community.Prominent members include students.There is also a program called abuse and underage drinking.The media the University’sVice President for Student Thursday Night Live,featuring weekly campaign focuses on the ease of underage Affairs,the state’s Drug Czar,the alcohol-free events during late night hours. access,the cost of alcohol abuse to the University’s Student Government and Greek The University’s Student Government community,and the need for policy Presidents,the President of the University’s Association has committed $70,000 in change.Over the past year,it has resulted Parents Association,the Chief of the funds to support this effort.In the commu- in dozens of TV news stories,radio inter- University and City Police Departments and nity,local police have responded with views,feature articles and opinion pieces several city officials (e.g., City and County increased enforcement efforts including a in both local and regional media. Commissioners,the City Manager,and the regular “Party Patrol”and periodic sting Evaluation processes include both City Attorney). operations.PAR is also working with the quantitative and qualitative approaches.A Florida Restaurant Association and the The mission of PAR is to challenge the idea “diagnosis”of harms and resources is made Leon County Sheriff’s Department to estab- that high-risk drinking is a normal and an through collection of secondary data such lish a Responsible Beverage Service train- acceptable part of college life.To this end, as problems and resources on campus and ing program for local alcohol retailers. PAR has created four task groups to in the community.Additionally,anonymous develop strategies for alcohol abuse PAR targets underage drinking and heavy feedback questionnaires are completed by prevention.The Community Policy group drinking,linking these problems with aca- coalition participants on the implementa- addresses under age access,high-risk demic performance,drinking and driving, tion of their activities. drinking incentives,and other responsible and sexual assault.The Coalition also works beverage service practices.The Campus to empower the local region with greater

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 22 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Policy and Oversight University of Illinois at Steering Committee Urbana – Champaign

Contact: concerning alcohol related issues.The has a dual focus,which are alcohol University of Illinois at Urbana – charge for this committee was to guide the programming and education as well as Champaign Enrollment:36,690 implementation of the task force recom- the development of a social marketing Public,Four-Year Institution mendations,as well as to provide advice on campaign.This team also studies the use of B.Ilene Harned, M.S. campus policies and practices related to the Alcohol-101® CD-ROM,reviews current Director of Judicial Programs alcohol.In addition to promoting coordina- resources for programming,and deter- Alcohol and Other Drug Office Coordinator tion of courses,programs,and resources, mines how to coordinate or reconfigure Objectives: the committee monitors alcohol use and them for greater impact.The Core Survey behavioral outcome data collected through has been completed to assist with the •To develop an inclusive structure to campus surveys.The committee’s aim is to social marketing campaign,which is cur- address alcohol issues on campus identify ways to measure the impact of the rently in place as an ongoing approach to •To provide an environment that promotes new multifaceted approach on student reaching students about alcohol issues and low risk or non-use of alcohol behavior and the campus culture,as well social norming.The Late Night Events Team •To improve communication and as to review the effectiveness of the new focuses on existing alcohol-free options utilization of campus resources structure.In addition,the development of and how students find out about what is •To monitor and oversee policy,updates the Alcohol and Other Drug Office was rec- available;the team also assesses the and referral services ommended for providing clinical services, impact of adding new activities,and the Description: coordinating educational efforts,conduct- type of activities and programming that Under the direction of the Vice-Chancellor ing campus surveys,serving as the media might be beneficial.Their activities also for Student Affairs,a Task Force on Alcohol liaison,and overseeing the campus efforts. include increasing the options for social Use,Abuse,and Related Educational interactions,creating a combined Late Three teams were established to assist Programming was established in 1996. This Night Events calendar on the Web,and with guiding and recommending campus- task force was formed to review alcohol- identifying management needs. wide efforts.These teams include: related problems,what problems were Intervention Team,Alcohol Education The benefits to this approach have been to occurring,how they were being addressed, Team,and Late Night Events Team.The enhance campus-wide coordination while and what educational opportunities and Intervention Team focuses on the assess- increasing involvement from faculty,staff, alternative options were available.A ment and referral process for students and students.Students have been valuable specific issue of concern was the number deemed appropriate for referral,as well as contributors to the effort as team mem- of students transported for emergency for those who have been transported for bers.The restructuring process has brought services due to an alcohol overdose.As a emergency services due to alcohol over- together staff to look at issues of campus result,the task force examined individual dose.This team maintains a mandatory concern,available resources,and identify- students,the day-to-day environment,and assessment program for students incapaci- ing existing efforts.It also provides the policies and regulations.After meeting for tated due to alcohol intoxication as well as opportunity for units to share financial a year,the task force presented recommen- a confidential alcohol incident reporting resources as a result of improved communi- dations for restructuring how the alcohol system.Further,the team and the Alcohol cation and planning.The team approach issue was dealt with on the campus. and Other Drug Office work with the has also clarified the University’s position The recommendations included the network of professionals and para- and produced a more consistent response establishment of the Policy and Oversight professionals that make referrals;it assists to issues related to alcohol and students’ Steering Committee to provide leadership with developing guidelines and training well being. and monitoring of the campus-wide effort procedures.The Alcohol Education Team

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 23 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Prevention Team Texas Christian University

Contact: Education Center,Athletic Academic Screening Day,Safe Spring Break,and other Texas Christian University Services,Residence Life,Police,Fraternities focused events.Collaboration with nearby Enrollment:7,551 Private,Four-Year Institution and Sororities,Counseling Center,Academic colleges and outreach to the community Services,New Student Programs,and the and local schools is also part of this initiati v e. Angela D.Taylor,Ph.D. Victims Advocate Program. Director,Alcohol and Drug Education Center The Prevention Team,which meets every Objectives: The Prevention Team participated in a 2 weeks,is designed to increased involve- 2-day coalition-building seminar,which ment by students in prevention activities. •To increase student retention assisted in the development and/or refine- For example,student athletes had not been •To increase the quality,quantity and ment of plans for campus-based preven- involved in any type of campus prevention participation in campus events and tion initiatives.Through participation in activities.In addition, overlap and duplica- alcohol-free activities this seminar,the group developed outcome tion of efforts were confusing to students; •To decrease alcohol-related violence goals and strategies and assigned responsi- for example,the Counseling Center utilized and related concerns bilities for their implementation. An addi- peer counselors,and the Alcohol and Drug Description: tional benefit of participation in the Education Center utilized peer educators,as A campus-wide task force called seminar was improved communication and did the campus police department. “Prevention Team”was formed in 1998 to collaboration between departments. The Prevention Team’s success is docu- serve as both an advisory group and an The goals of the Prevention Team include mented by the doubling in the previous action team to address issues related to promoting wellness and healthy lifestyles year of student involvement in prevention drug and alcohol abuse on the campus. among the campus community,and giving programming leadership.In addition, Members were selected based on their rec ognition to pos i t i v e alcoh o l - f r ee acti v i t i e s . student involvement in prevention involvement with students in select at-risk Greater visibility of the campus efforts,as programming activities has increased groups (i.e.,athletes and fraternity mem- well as the utilization of positive publicity at the same rate.Student group collabora- bers) and/or their potential to influence and social norms marketing is encouraged tion and visible programming activities campus policy and practice (i.e., residential by the group.Collaborative programs have resulted in increased student body services and campus police). Members include National Collegiate Alcohol participation. include the campus Alcohol and Drug Awareness Week,National Alcohol

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 24 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Task Force for Comprehensive Alcohol Education Program South Dakota State University

Contact: This comprehensive program focuses on The Core Survey and student focus groups South Dakota State University altering students’perceptions of and were conducted to gain data and insights. Enrollment:8,540 Public,Four-Year Institution behaviors involving alcohol.The program’s The focus groups were significant to assess scope is far reaching as it employs numer- programming needs and student campus Dr.Marysz Rames Dean of Student Affairs ous proactive approaches to enhance stu- community needs.These groups,comprised dents’learning and development about of randomly selected students,provided Objectives: alcohol use and/or abuse on campus.The feedback to give direction to the media •To promote on going collaboration on approaches include education based on campaign and overall campus-wide efforts. alcohol education strategies campus-wide data and other relevant A key result of this campus-wide effort is •To utilize a comprehensive alcohol information,innovative programming collaboration between groups;for example, education program concepts,student focus groups,and a the student union and activity staff and campus-wide media campaign.A collabo- Description: the residence hall director staff combine rative model involving students,faculty, The Alcohol Education Task Force was their efforts to create focal points around and staff was utilized to study,develop,and created in 1998 to develop a multi-faceted campus with bulletin boards and educa- implement this comprehensive alcohol and provocative alcohol education plan. tional displays.They also work collabora- education program. The membership of the task force includes tively with programming groups to judicial affairs,health and counseling,resi- Eleven key components are included in distribute alcohol-poisoning cards at dential life,a local treatment center,health the plan.The 10 components from the student-attended events.The task force education,peer educators,student affairs, Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol received feedback that its approaches student activities,student organizations, Strategies Sourcebook serve as the basis. better enable the campus community to Greek life,and student government.The The final component is outreach.The task take ownership of the program. initial activities of the task force focused force identified and categorized current The continued collaboration on alcohol on developing a comprehensive alcohol alcohol education initiatives according education strategies among students,fac- education program for the campus. to the 11 components.Once this was ulty,and staff in various departments and completed,the task force brainstormed To provide the task force with vision and disciplines is evidence that this program is additional ideas for each component, direction,the group adopted a philosophy perceived as worthwhile to the campus further customizing the components for statement that demonstrated its commit- community.Through the task force’s efforts the campus.Utilizing the information on ment to a peer-initiated alcohol education and the willingness of individuals and current initiatives along with new ideas program.This philosophy is based on the groups to work with one another,current generated by the task force,an alcohol belief that“students respond better to information about students’attitudes and education program was developed.Priority alcohol education programs when deliv- behaviors has been obtained.The task force areas were established based on perceived ered by their peers”and that“students has continued evaluation of initiatives to deficiencies in the current alcohol educa- serve other students as educators,advisors, improve and strengthen the program.The tion effort,the task force members’per- workshop leaders,and program planners.” success of the effort can be attributed to sonal interest,and perceived student needs It further suggests that student affairs staff the participatory and collaborative models and issues.Priority areas established were should be responsible for developing and employed in the planning and develop- awareness and information,environmental implementing assessment tools,helping ment of the program. and targeted approaches,and outreach with the comprehensive program frame- and training. work serving as a student resource,and encouraging student involvement as The accurate assessment and evaluation of integral to the effort. issues was an essential starting point.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 25 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 26 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies STAKEHOLDERS

In campus-based efforts to address alcohol and related issues on stakeholders include,but are not limited to,campus police,city or campus,it is often helpful to engage those with a vested interest county police,state alcoholic beverage control boards,and state in the prescribed outcomes.By working with and through intermedi- attorney offices.In a similar vein,partnerships which engage all aries and engaging them in efforts to reach the ultimate audience relevant parties,such as parents with their sons and daughters,are of college and university students,shared resource assistance can identified as stakeholder approaches. be garnered. Efforts engaging these stakeholders are varied and include direct Multiple audiences and groups constitute the stakeholders.A correspondence,sponsored events,awareness campaigns,publicity primary stakeholder includes parents,as they can implement approaches,pamphlets,and educational activities.Stakeholder approaches directly and indirectly with their sons and daughters. involvement may also be promoted through training whereby the Another stakeholder is campus faculty.While often overlooked as a trained individuals subsequently implement campaign materials. potential partner in addressing student alcohol abuse issues,they Desired outcomes with the involvement of stakeholders are helpful may be provided with resources,tips and information about ways when the messages and approaches are consistent with other that they can be involved in helping prevent or intervene with program elements.Through the involvement of the identified alcohol-related situations.Similarly,alumni may be engaged as stakeholders,the results achieved from campus approaches are stakeholders,either through their direct involvement on the campus multiplied,and are also reinforced from a distinct and apparently or with their children who are enrolled as students. independent source. In addition,stakeholders may be comprised of multiple groups who partner to address college student alcohol related problems.These

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 27 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Be A Responsible Friend Campaign The Claremont Colleges

Contact: dangers of heavy drinking,what to do if springboard for discussion about important The Claremont Colleges alcohol poisoning occurs,social norms,and alcohol-related issues. Enrollment:5,000 risks involved with drinking and driving. Private,Four-Year Institutions Many activities are part of the campaign. The campaign is eye-catching and humor- Carla Jackson,M.P.H. First,mass e-mails about friendship and ous,and communicates a positive message Health Educator surveys about one’s friends are sent for to which students are receptive. Objectives: students to pass on to their friends.Second, Peer educators play an integral role in friendship quizzes can be used as raffle •To reduce the risk of negative outcomes designing the campaign.Their involvement tickets,and friendship games were due to alcohol and drug use is essential in selecting appropriate logos designed for target populations such as •To increase student awareness and skill and creating messages that appeal to the fraternities,athletes,and residence hall in addressing alcohol-related negative student population.In addition,they help groups.Third,midnight food runs,where a consequences to implement and advertise the range of designated sober driver picks up food from •To create a caring community in which programs.The logo is crucial to the theme; a local establishment,were organized to students demonstrate responsibility for it is incorporated into all materials used to discourage drinking and driving.Fourth, their friends advertise the campaign program including natural highs,massage and yoga work- Description: table tents,flyers,handouts,and posters. shops are arranged to teach people how to The Be A Responsible Friend (BARF) The BARF theme is also used for bracelets relax without alcohol use.Fifth,students Campaign is a comprehensive program, made of beads,with the letters“B,” “A,” are reminded throughout the year of the which was adopted by the Health “R,”and“F.”These bracelets are passed meaning of BARF through contests and raf- Education Outreach office,to address alco- out during Alcohol Awareness Week.The fles,which require them to remember what hol and drug issues.Implemented initially planners’intent for the theme and the BARF means and what it means to them. during Alcohol Awareness Week,the theme materials is to make students aware of Overall,the BARF Campaign,programs and is appropriate for use throughout the year what it means to be a responsible friend themes have been widely embraced.Most in programs such as orientation,server by creating an anagram that catches the students report that they feel the informa- training,and sexual assault prevention. attention of students by being humorous. tion from the campaign was useful. The campaign builds on students’sense of With the focus on increasing student Additionally,most students know what responsibility to care for their friends and awareness,recognizing and addressing BARF stands for.The key element to the to create a “caring community”on the cam- the signs of alcohol poisoning,keeping a campaign’s success was the theme and its pus and in the surrounding community. friend from driving drunk,and preventing message.The students embrace the theme The BARF Campaign addresses three main a friend from having unwanted sexual and appreciate the messages,a contrast areas:drinking and driving,heavy drinking, activities,the BARF initiative supports to their feeling threatened by messages and increasing the visibility of prevention dialogue on how to be a responsible friend. during Alcohol Awareness Week. efforts and available resources.Messages Health educators,student deans,and imbedded in the campaign include the student leaders use this theme as a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 28 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Faculty-Staff Partnership Virginia Wesleyan College

Contact: hear the same individuals providing infor- Classes offered by the Student Affairs Virginia Wesleyan College mation,program planners believed that if Division explain the contents of the pro- Enrollment:1,409 Private,Four-Year Institution they could have information presented by gram.A presentation at a faculty meeting various individuals within the context of explained why the Student Affairs Division Molly McClurg Counselor class materials,it would have a different needed faculty assistance with this area. impact.The aim is to provide information Support resources that are helpful should Objectives: as well as support to professors so that faculty need to find alternative lecturer •To promote a strong partnership between they feel comfortable with the materials arrangements for their classes are offered faculty and student affairs divisions and how to use them. including a listing of topics that can be •To help further reduce underage and covered during a class when the professor The project emphasizes a sourcebook, heavy drinking by students would normally have to cancel.Publicity which was designed to include information •To promote multiple opportunities for was conducted using the college e-mail on drugs and alcohol to assist faculty to students to hear information about system,the Faculty Commission on include these topics in their classes.It alcohol from a range of sources Retention,letters sent directly to staff also has information on resources in the and telephone calls. Description: community and campus,tips on spotting This initiative is designed to promote a a student with a problem with alcohol or wide range of opportunities for students drugs,and tips on how to approach that to learn information about drugs and student.As this was developed,it was alcohol within the context of the academic evaluated by faculty and staff. environment.Because students typically

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 29 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Homecoming Activities Villanova University

Contacts: responsible manner while still maintaining and members of the senior class can pur- Villanova University an atmosphere of fun and congeniality. chase beer tickets in order to be served.For Enrollment:9,944 Private,Four-Year Institution This new approach required a long-term members of the senior class,identification commitment by the president,support cards are screened using a card reader that Paul Pugh,M.A.,M.S. Dean of Students and approval from the Alumni Board,and is preprogrammed with birthdays.Those Gary Olsen,M.S. campus-wide understanding and internal- over age 21 receive bands on their wrist Assistant Vice President for Alumni Affairs ization of the changes.The campus plan- to indicate that they are permitted to ning committee represented all purchase and consume alcohol;seniors not Objectives: constituents in operational areas (such as 21 years of age do not receive a wristband. •To modify behavior and change the public safety and facilities) and the local A separate alcohol-free area with free food culture regarding alcohol use during police department. and soda is also set up;this area also has homecoming events music and interactive games. •To promote an enjoyable event with In implementing the event,the intention is a commitment to prevent underage to create a “family friendly”event.While Methodologies developed by the Villanova drinking and alcohol intoxication not specifically targeted,the approach is Quality Improvement Process (VQIP) are •To enforce state laws and hold individuals also designed to create a favorable impres- adopted to implement a cross-functional accountable for their behavior sion on the children of alumni who may managerial style and to promote a spirit •To shift the focal point of homecoming attend the university in the future.The of volunteerism.The costs associated with away from alcohol Alumni Association invites all students running the event are nearly offset by the from the senior class as their guests.An revenues generated by tickets,food,and Description: aggressive publicity and public awareness beverage sales.Success is measured in Based on a history of problems occurring at campaign was implemented to overcome terms of greater attendance,less vandal- homecoming that were inconsistent with a large amount of negative publicity from ism,less trash,and fewer arrests.Most the institutional mission,the University those individuals who did not want any people now feel that homecoming is an was faced with the choice to either cancel change at all.The Public Relations enjoyable event that has a carnival like homecoming or eliminate all drinking from Campaign was linked to the football game atmosphere.Overall,homecoming is now, the event.The aim was to change and and to the pre-game tailgate party.To after four years of implementing this improve the way homecoming was con- responsibly manage the serving of alcohol, process,a fun and safe event. ducted in order to hold the event in a more a picnic area is established where alumni

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 30 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Multi-Campus Social Norming Campaign Augsburg College

Contact: social norming campaign aimed at reduc- pens,water bottles and pencils.These Augsburg College ing the extent of impaired driving by items were designed to create as many Enrollment:3,053 Private,Four-Year Institution college students on the seven campuses. educational “hits”as possible;the variety Noteworthy in the effort is the fact that an was prepared to help campuses saturate Casey McGuire Director,Prevention Collaborative equal number of 4-year residential and the target market with this positive social commuter colleges are included. norming message.During the campaign,all Objectives: seven campuses used the same template; Each of the campuses conducted a focus •To provide opportunities for successful however,the campaign was individualized group with a target population of students, activities by departments of public safety for each campus by using individual cam- which provided the opportunity for •To promote health promotion efforts on pus statistics and identifiable campus changes to be offered for the specific a multi-campus level photos.For example,the campaign slogan implementation of the campaign content •To promote economies of scale and “Most (name of campus) students choose and process.The entire campaign was efficient prevention efforts to prevent DWI and ____ percent of designed to raise public awareness through •To lower the incidence of impaired driving (name of campus) students report not the use of publicity and marketing. by college students driving under the influence last year”were Newspaper ads,posters,and health promo- •To create a collaborative initiative that added to give credibility to the campaign. tion giveaways were combined to saturate combines the resources,goals,and the target population with positive mes- One of the key elements of the collabora- trainings of seven colleges and the sages.As with social norming campaigns, tive effort has been the formation of the state agencies publicity about the campaign is part of the Prevention Collaborative itself.Each cam- Description: actual campaign. pus kept detailed records of what they did Seven colleges and universities in the Twin in the campaign as well as documented Training was scheduled for each of the Cities area of Minnesota formed a working feedback received from the target popula- seven campuses to help prepare campaign group of health educators,called the tion of stakeholders.Early feedback from materials.With the participation of key Prevention Collaborative.The Prevention all campuses has been positive.In addition, stakeholders at each training,attention Collaborative sought and received funding the campaign has resulted in positive was provided to social norming theory, from the state’s Department of Public “spillover”effects with the larger impaired driving prevention,and specific Safety to help with the committee’s goals; community,since posters were placed approaches to conducting the campaign. A based on surveys conducted on the cam- in parking garages and newspaper ads range of campaign materials were created, puses,they created and implemented a were published. including posters,highlighters,coffee cups,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 31 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Pamphlet On Alcohol Poisoning University of Washington

Contact: efforts to combat alcohol abuse among fraternities and sororities,and parents of University of Washington students.How alcohol poisoning can occur incoming freshmen. Enrollment:39,200 when large quantities of alcohol are con- Public,Four-Year Institution The existence of this pamphlet was sumed in short periods of time,taking into Deborah J. Costar included in the biennial University Life and account an individual’s physical stature and Assistant to the Vice President for Substance Use Survey conducted on behalf Student Affairs other considerations,is described.Content of the Office of Vice President for Student includes definitions and causes of alcohol Affairs.Results demonstrate that 17% of Objectives: poisoning,how to prevent alcohol poison- •To prevent instances of alcohol poisoning undergraduate respondents were aware ing,the signs of severe alcohol poisoning, of students of the pamphlet and 8% had actually seen what to do and what not to do if severe •To promote student recognition and the material.Ratings provided by those alcohol poisoning is suspected,and action to prevent alcohol poisoning who had seen the pamphlets resulted in resources for assistance.The wallet size an average score of nearly 4 on a 5-point of the pamphlet is unusual,making it Description: scale,resulting in the fourth highest score easy to distinguish from other University Growing out of increasing concerns regard- of the eight programs rated.This feedback brochures and written materials and ing the number of college students who suggests that more effective ways of handy for students to carry with them report drinking to get drunk and the getting the material to students must at all times. potential consequences of excessive drink- continue to be developed and tested. ing,the Vice President for Student Affairs The pamphlet is intended for all students, Anecdotal evidence of the pamphlet’s initiated the development of a pamphlet especially those most likely to be involved effectiveness has also been received; on alcohol poisoning for students.To deal in situations in which excessive drinking university staff members,students,and with students’apparent lack of knowledge could occur.These include first-year stu- individuals from outside the university of the specific causes of alcohol poisoning dents,those who are celebrating their 21st community made many positive com- and the fact that many students are not birthday,and members of fraternities and ments.Several outside organizations have aware that alcohol poisoning is a poten- sororities.Twenty thousand copies were asked for permission to reproduce the tially lethal condition,the University printed initially and distributed widely pamphlet.“File kits,”which include the undertook preparation of this resource. to residence halls,resident advisers,new pamphlet on computer disks,have been The pamphlet,“PASSED OUT? OR ALCOHOL student orientation,student organizations, developed and are available for others to POISONING?”is part of the university’s student activities,student government, purchase for a nominal fee and make multiple information centers,members of unlimited copies of the pamphlet.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 32 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Parent Campus Connection Program Syracuse Washington

Contacts: Done Yet.”These items communicate Correspondence from the Vice President Syracuse University accurate data concerning the prevalence for Student Affairs and Dean of Student Enrollment:18,535 Private,Four-Year Institution of alcohol use on college campuses and Relations describes the University’s serious provide parents with advice from national approach to confronting student substance Anastasia L.Urtz,J.D. Associate Dean of Student Relations experts related to talking with first year abuse.In addition,the University’s Director of Judicial Affairs college students. Chancellor and President address new Colleen O’Connor Bench students and parents at the Chancellor’s Later in the summer,this same group of Director,Parents Office Convocation at the opening of the fall parents receives a university-specific semester.The Chancellor’s observations and Objectives: brochure entitled “Alcohol,Drugs,and Your recommendations to new students related •To educate parents on the best strategies College Student,”which provides alcohol to alcohol have been adapted as an open for achieving effective intervention and drug use statistics and describes letter to students and parents,which •To promote consistent and reinforced resources available at the University.The appears on the Chancellor’s Web site. messages to students Parents Campus Connection Newsletter, Parents of continuing students also receive •To provide information and assistance which is mailed to parents of current stu- on-going reinforcement concerning their to help parents provide appropriate dents,addresses these issues throughout role in confronting alcohol and drug abuse guidance to their sons and daughters the undergraduate student life cycle. with their students;they also learn regarding alcohol and drugs Students and parents participating in the about the comprehensive strategies being Description: University’s summer orientation program implemented by the University to address The University’s Parent Campus Connection receive information specific to the incom- substance abuse and promote campus Program reflects the long-held philosophy ing class.This information is gathered from security. that parents should be treated as partners a survey administered to new students The program has generated numerous in the undergraduate educational endeav- upon their arrival.The parents and students indicators of success.Parental feedback ors of their students.The mission of the learn about the self-reported use of drugs via e-mail,letters and several orientation Parents Office is to meet parents’special and alcohol among the incoming students assessments are uniformly positive. needs and concerns and to help them help who are attending the orientation,as well Parental financial contributions to the their sons/daughters to succeed at the as strategies for addressing these issues in Parents Office are increasing.Parental University.One of the primary focus areas their families.Parents are consistently sur- response to communications from the in which parents are encouraged to provide prised to learn that many students begin to University concerning behavioral problems intervention and support is related to use and abuse alcohol and drugs while still is generally positive and directed at solving alcohol and drugs.Parents of new students in high school or junior high school. The the problem rather than dismissing the receive correspondence in June prior to institution’s position on substance abuse behavior or assigning blame to the students arriving on campus;this includes is explained by senior administrators. University.A survey of parents related to a brochure entitled “Parents,You’re Not these new strategies has been planned.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 33 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Parent Notification Letter Central Michigan University

Contact: that they desired this contact following the letters will be sent after a student has been Central Michigan University first offense.Nearly half of the students found in violation of the University’s alco- Enrollment:26,321 Public,Four-Year Institution surveyed stated that parents should be hol or drug policy and the student hearing notified when their son/daughter violates for the violation is complete.The brochure, Mark J. Minelli,Ph.D. Associate Professor the school’s policy and the majority of “A Few Words for Parents About Alcohol Manager,Health Advocacy Services students also felt that it should be for the and College,”was produced by the first violation. Michigan Department of Community Objectives: Health and enclosed with each letter sent •To reduce the number of student alcohol The campus Drug and Alcohol Advisory to parents.The brochure is designed to help and drug violations Committee,consisting of representatives parents understand the impact that alcohol •To help parents better understand the of various departments,student organiza- abuse can have on college students. seriousness of alcohol abuse among tions,and fraternities and sororities, college students reviewed the concept of using this letter. Results show that the number of student They examined the survey data and the alcohol-related offenses is down.While Description: reported results from other institutions direct attribution to the letter is not possi- Prior to adopting a policy to send letters that used this method.The process was ble because of the implementation of other notifying parents of student alcohol policy also reviewed and approved by the strategies,the initial results appear promis- violations,parents and students were sur- University President’s office. ing regarding the value of this approach. veyed.Parents overwhelmingly stated that The University has recently notified all stu- they wanted to be notified if their dents and parents that Parent Notification son/daughter had violated the policy and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 34 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Parent Safety Six-Pack Virginia Commonwealth University

Contact: Description: about the resources on the campus regard- Virginia Commonwealth University The Office of Health Promotion distributes ing alcohol issues. Enrollment:23,481 a brochure that encourages parents to Public,Four-Year Institution The message in the brochure is consistent discuss alcohol issues with their sons and Tiffany L.Hinton with the campus’social norming effort and daughters.The Inter-Association Task Force Substance Abuse Program Coordinator reinforces that the majority of those who on Alcohol and Other Substance Abuse choose to drink use alcohol moderately. Objectives: Issues developed a brochure titled,“The Listed in the brochure are resources avail- •To prevent student harm from alcohol use Parent Safety Six-Pack.”It encourages able at the University regarding alcohol •To inform parents that there are things parents and guardians to communicate to issues.Also available is Web information that they can do to prevent student harm students as friends.Parents are encouraged including the procedures and policies and from alcohol use to discuss legal issues surrounding alcohol a list of student organizations,which •To increase parents’awareness of campus use and the need for responsible decision- encourage student involvement. alcohol-related resources making.Parents are also encouraged to explain the balance between social and Brochures are mailed and displayed in the study time as well as peer pressure.Finally, Office of Substance Abuse Programs, parents are encouraged to visit the campus Counseling,Residence Education,First-Year and network with faculty and staff to learn Student Services,and the Dean’s Office.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 35 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Partnership in Education Marymount College Palos Verdes

Contacts: Description: The College also sends,“Parents,You’re Not Marymount College Palos Verdes Marymount College created a six-page Done Yet,”a brochure produced byThe Enrollment:804 Private,Two-Year Institution brochure to provide specific information Century Council that encourages parents to regarding student privacy rights.The discuss with their students Jim Reeves,M.A. Vice President,Student Development brochure,“A Partnership in Education,”dis- alcohol use in college. Services and College Operations cusses college policies regarding contact Since the Marymount College brochure has Teresa M. George,Ph.D. with parents.It is included in a packet sent been developed,there appear to be fewer Director of Counseling Services to parents/guardians and enrolled students telephone contacts regarding the college prior to the start of the fall semester of a Objectives: policy on student privacy.Anecdotal infor- student’s freshman year.The packet also •To provide parents with timely mation also suggests a decrease in repeat includes a welcome letter from the Vice information regarding the privacy rights violations of the college’s alcohol policy President,and a consent form for students concerning their sons/daughters and a decrease in campus vandalism. A to release information regarding academic •To encourage a partnership between questionnaire for students and parents information and conduct.The brochure parents,students,and the college regarding the brochure’s usefulness has explains the Higher Education Amendment •To encourage parents to dialogue with been projected to follow the distribution of 1998 and College policy regarding con- their sons/daughters about alcohol use of “A Partnership in Education.” tacting parents about alcohol/drug policy in college violations.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 36 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Party Patrol Florida State University

Contact: The Party Patrol is a “tough love”approach When the arrests are of Florida State Florida State University for addressing underage drinking and alco- University students,those specific arrest Enrollment:33,327 Public,Four-Year Institution hol abuse by young men and women. reports are sent directly to the FSU Police During certain weekends,such as home Department.These arrest reports are then Carey M. Drayton Chief of Police football games,graduation weekends,and forwarded to the Office of the Dean of other holidays,the Party Patrol conducts Students where the reports are reviewed. Objectives: active surveillance of areas on and contigu- In a similar fashion,when FSU officers •To reduce incidents of underage drinking, ous to the three college campuses.In other arrest students for alcohol violations inde- public intoxication,motor vehicle crashes, instances,the Party Patrol is activated by pendently from actions taken by the city and other disruptions of the peace citizen complaints of loud parties. police or the ABC agents,arrest reports are •To demonstrate cost effective partner- Partygoers and the hosts in particular are forwarded both for campus administra- ships between campus and community advised that they are disturbing the peace, tive/judicial action and to the office of the police departments violating the law by serving alcoholic State Attorney. beverages to minors,or permitting such Description: Overall,alcoholic beverage law violations beverages to be consumed.When officers The city of Tallahassee has two major state are taken very seriously.Student offenders give the order to close down a party,it universities and one major community are subject both to prosecution by the must be closed down immediately or the college;it is also the state capitol and State Attorney and to serious sanctions host(s) and other lawbreakers are arrested. home of many young professionals.With and/or remedial actions mandated by the Likewise,underage drinkers are identified alcohol abuse becoming a serious problem, University administration.Representatives and also arrested.The policy on the part of particularly among the underage popula- from the three police agencies meet regu- the Florida State University (FSU) is further tion,officials from the Florida State larly during the year,particularly before reflected by the interactions between the University Police Department and known “party weekends,”and schedule campus police department,the city police Tallahassee Police Department enacted the personnel in areas to be patrolled.The department,the Alcoholic Beverage “Party Patrol.”The aim of this joint effort is seriousness of the Party Patrol regarding Commission,and the State Attorney’s to help curb the problems associated with alcohol violations is evidenced by the Office.When arrests are made by the city underage drinking,public drunkenness, number of alcohol related arrests;these police department and/or Alcoholic and threats to public order; the primary have nearly doubled each of three Beverage Commission Agents,records targets of this initiative are high school consecutive years. of the arrest are sent to the State and college students and young adults Attorney’s Office for prosecutorial action. who are involved in disruptive behavior.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 37 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Education Network Players Boston University

Contact: drinking,heavy drinking,secondhand receive community service hours or other Boston University effects of drinking,hazing,sexual assault, sanctions as a result of alcohol infractions Enrollment:29,131 Private,Four-Year Institution and related issues.The players themselves attend a PEN Player performance about represent a vast array of academic areas, alcohol. Carolyn L. Norris,M.A. interests,and backgrounds and are repre- Director,Wellness Center The PEN Players Program runs throughout sentative of the diversity and population at the year with student volunteers.During Objectives: the University.Since they write their own the summer,eight positions are available •To provide peer education for students skits,the PEN Players present the issues in for which students apply and interview. •To minimize dangers associated with ways that are real and relevant to students. As compensation,they receive housing underage and heavy drinking Following a skit performance,the PEN on campus for the summer.Summer PEN •To help students make healthy,positive Players remain in character allowing Players focus on three designated health decisions audience members to interact with them education issues and perform the skits •To provide an opportunity for audience and ask questions. throughout the summer.They work 20 members to become involved in the Overseen by the Wellness Center,the PEN hours each week as part of the University education process pl a yers meet wee k ly to discuss health issues, orientation program. wri t e new skit s ,reh e a r s e ,de velop charac ter s , Description: The PEN Player Program receives on-going The PEN (Peer Education Network) Players coordinate upcoming performances,and positive feedback.Students attending the Program was started in the early 1990s. discuss feedback from rece n t per form a n ce s . skits regularly approach PEN Players after The program was implemented to use PEN Players perform skits for the University the performance and thank them for their interactive peer education to address drug community on a regular basis.In addition, honest portrayal during the skits and the and alcohol issues on campus.It has th e y rece i v e requests from other univer s i t i e s facilitated question and answer period.PEN expanded since its beginning and includes and colleges,area high schools,and junior Player performances are reported to be a repertoire of more than 10 skits.The PEN high schools.Further,the PEN Players carry memorable,as students tend to remember Players are undergraduate students who their peer education message to an at-risk skits they saw during their freshmen orien- wri t e and per for m skits on a range of top i c s , group of students.The University’s Police tation session. including alcohol poisoning,underage Department requires that students who

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 38 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Police Hosted University of Maryland College Park University of North Carolina – Presentations Charlotte

Contacts: Center.During the week,a different type of simulate the effects of alcohol use with the University of Maryland activity is sponsored each day with demon- participants attempting several roadside College Park Enrollment:33,000 strations,displays,brochures and handouts. field sobriety tests.All information is pre- Public,Four-Year Institution Topics include drinking and driving,false sented in a PowerPoint presentation,which Lieutenant Jay Gruber identification cards,underage drinking and provides visual as well as audible stimuli to Alcohol Education and Enforcement related student issues.Fatal Vision Goggles, the participants.The program is down- Coordinator which simulate a high BAC,are used by loaded on laptops so that each officer can University of North Carolina – students who are asked to perform various review the program prior to going into the Charlotte tasks.Additional activities offered during presentation.Also,having material on disk Enrollment:16,844 Public,Four-Year Institution the week include barbecues,continental allows for easy updating of statistics and breakfasts for commuter students,and other information.Pamphlets,brochures, Sergeant Dawn Tevepaugh Community Police Coordinator mocktails for students. and other campaign materials on drinking and driving issues,such as safe rides home Scheduling of the Alcohol Awareness Objectives: and designated drivers,are provided. Week is often done immediately prior to •To encourage positive and non- Specific groups targeted more heavily Greek Week in an effort to mitigate the confrontational interaction between include freshmen students,fraternities, problems due to alcohol during Greek students and police officers and sororities;additionally,faculty and staff Week.Funding for the event comes from •To promote an innovative approach to are highlighted for program delivery. a local graphics company that supplies reach students regarding underage t-shirts at cost,an insurance foundation The program is valued because community drinking and alcohol abuse grant,local restaurants,and a highway police officers find that many students are Description: safety task force grant. uneducated about the effects of alcohol Police involvement in proactive approaches on the human body;students also seem At the University of North Carolina – to address alcohol issues is found on sev- to lack information about the state laws Charlotte,the Alcohol Awareness Program eral campuses.One of the showcase pro- concerning the legal drinking age and is sponsored by the campus police;the pro- grams for the University of Maryland Police drunk driving penalties.The program is also gram focuses on statistical data from the Department is Alcohol Awareness Week, deemed successful because the Greek Life University as well as colleges nationally, which is sponsored by the Police Coordinator has allowed chapters to receive state laws for alcohol violations,and med- Department and coordinated with different credit for co-sponsoring the event. ical effects of alcohol use on the human student groups,the Department of body.The Fatal Vision Goggles are used to Resident Life,and the University Health

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 39 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project WE CAN 2000 Western Washington University

Contact: The program itself is divided into primary open dialogue with the community Western Washington University prevention,secondary prevention,and regarding the shared responsibility of Enrollment:11,887 Public,Four-Year Institution environmental change.The primary pre- reducing alcohol abuse in establishments vention component consists of four integral surrounding the campus.Further,its aim is Patricia Fabiano,Ph.D. Program Director,Prevention and strategies.First,a social marketing cam- to encourage the responsible use of alcohol Wellness Services paign is implemented by students to com- among students of legal age who patronize bat the “imaginary peer”of campus alcohol these establishments. Objectives: consumption norms.Thirty-two social •To raise the University community’s Collaboration with a variety of campus norm ads have been placed in the student awareness of the negative impact of offices is helpful in implementing the newspaper over a 2-year period.Second, alcohol abuse on the academic and social range of activities.The project WE CAN wellness residence halls support and life of students 2000 staff has worked closely with the empower students to live in a drug and •To incorporate a research-driven preven- University’s Public Information Office to alcohol-free environment.The popularity tion strategy to change the environment generate press releases about special of these floors has grown tenfold to include in which students make and maintain events.The Office of Institutional over 600 students.Third,the lifestyle advi- decisions about alcohol use Assessment and Testing provides support sor program trains peer health opinion with technical and report writing,as well leaders to provide support to the benefits Description: as survey administration and processing. of low to no consumption. Finally,the ProjectWE CAN 2000 is an environmentally The University’s Center for Survey Research Community Health Service Learning focused drug and alcohol prevention pro- serves as the internal project evaluation Program provides students with the oppor- gram.It was developed to correct student specialist.In addition,a variety of academic tunity to develop a life-long commitment misperceptions of norms as well as to limit departments assist with methodological to person-to-person involvement. student access to drugs and alcohol. Project issues and research design. WE CAN 2000 extends the accomplish- The secondary prevention program works The WE CAN 2000 project has made ments of ProjectWE CAN and provides in conjunction with the residence halls, outstanding progress in changing students’ funding for the Campus Community judicial affairs,and University police. misperceptions of norms,as well as behav- Coalition. Students who have experienced alcohol- iors that put them at risk for negative related problems are referred to the Through collaboration between the alcohol-related consequences.Fewer stu- Alcohol Abuse Prevention Specialist for University’s Prevention and Wellness dents report even one instance of negative a risk reduction session. Services and Office of Institutional outcomes associated with drug or alcohol Assessment and Testing,the University has The third aspect of Project WE CAN 2000 use.The number of students who choose to collected survey data over a 6-year period is environmental change,which attempts reside in substance-free housing continues that tracks student alcohol consumption to change environmental norms.One to increase and more on-campus students and related consequences.Using this data, key strategy is the community-based state that they want increased access to Project WE CAN 2000’s theoretically-based Hospitality Resource Alliance (HRA),which substance-free activities. public health interventions focus on three is composed of owners and managers distinct populations:non-consumers,mod- of local taverns,bars,restaurants,and erate consumers,and high-risk consumers. grocery stores frequented by students. The goal of the HRA is to maintain an

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 40 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies TARGETED AUDIENCES

Targeted audiences,one of the original 10 components of a compre- In addition to specifying the types of audiences targeted,targeted hensive campus-based effort,represents attention to distinct efforts can focus on a specific type of approach. For example,tar- approaches based on factors such as year in college (e.g.,freshman), geted efforts may include alcohol-free events,such as athletic social group affiliation (e.g.,student athlete),or other factor (e.g., competitions and social activities Targeted efforts are also found student leader,transfer student,off campus student).In addition to with academic courses.In addition,targeted approaches often these traditional targeted groups,other opportunities for targeted engage students in educating other students.Typical with targeted audiences include violators of campus policies,which may be indi- approaches is the implementation through interdisciplinary vidual students or student organizations with problematic behaviors. approaches and collaborative efforts such as cooperation between Other targeted audiences include those students who are turning 21, wellness centers and athletics departments. as this can mark a celebratory time which can be problematic for Targeted approaches include a wide range of strategies such as fliers, some people.A wide range of approaches is found for each of these newspaper ads,buttons,bulletin boards,Web sites,information groups,some of which can be adapted for use with each group, cards,poster campaigns,and the Alcohol 101® CD-ROM. Also and some of which are prepared specifically for an individual included in targeted approaches are risk-management workshops, targeted audience. videotapes,mock parties,peer mentor courses,group workshops, This emphasis on targeted approaches is based on the desire to focus student networks,coffeehouses,games,policies,and alcohol messages and approaches on specific audiences and sub-popula- screening days.One common aim of all the targeted efforts is to tions,which have been identified by unique features.Efforts that are promote open and frank discussions among the individuals affected. more needs-based and individually appropriate to members of the Another is to encourage an adjustment and potential modification of sub-population can be developed.This also helps to increase the social norms. overall efficiency of the campus program,as resources are limited. Further,it promotes greater receptivity and thus positive reaction among the members in these sub-populations.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 41 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S 0-1-3 Card Campaign Oakland University

Contact: explained using a colorful stop light dollar bill if they are still carrying the card. Oakland University graphic.This standard challenges students The names of the winning students are Enrollment:14,726 Public,Four-Year Institution to adhere to a policy of zero drinks if they then entered into a raffle,for University are under the age of 21,driving,or preg- gear,that is held at the closing event of the Brenda Hartman Staff Psychologist nant;one drink per hour if they are over 21 Awareness Week. Substance Abuse Coordinator and choose to drink;and no more than Funded by a mini-grant from the County three drinks per drinking occasion.The Office of Substance Abuse Prevention Objectives: other side of the card publicizes the results •To increase awareness of healthy choices Services,the program helps distribute con- of the most recent administration of the many students make about alcohol sistent information throughout the campus Core Alcohol and Drug Survey.By reading •To help create a consistent norm community.Once put into place,the pro- the card,students learn that most of the regarding drinking gram is largely publicized by student University’s students do not engage in endorsement.Student leaders and staff heavy drinking.Many of these students do Description: members promote the program each time not use alcohol,and most,if they drink, The 0-1-3 Card Campaign is designed to they hand out cards.Posters displaying the consume three or fewer drinks in an publicize positive data about the healthy cards are distributed around campus average week. and safe choices many students are making reminding students to get and keep the about alcohol.Using student artwork and These business size cards are distributed cards in order to have a chance to win University printing services,wallet size to students during the first few weeks of prizes later in the semester.One of the cards were designed to communicate the classes through the Student Activities poster items states:“If you already have a good news about the moderate alcohol use Office,residence halls,the Recreation card,hold on to it! You may be rewarded for many students practice on the campus. Center,and the Health and Counseling carrying it later in the semester.”An unan- Because of the large commuter population Center.Overall,approximately 5,000 cards ticipated desirable outcome is that faculty, at the University,the cards allow the plan- reach a broad spectrum of students. staff,and student leaders who are strug- ners to involve the entire student popula- gling to answer students’questions about During the University’s Alcohol Awareness tion in the project.The program builds on responsible alcohol use are able to draw on Week,about one month after the cards are the successes reported by other universities the “0-1-3 Standard of Responsible Alcohol distributed,student leaders involved in and their campaigns. Use”as a uniform response.Thus,this helps prevention efforts on campus randomly to create a consistent campus norm. On one side of the card,the “0-1-3 stop students and reward them with a one Standard of Responsible Alcohol Use”is

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 42 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Academic Life Emergency Response Team Lynn University

Contact: Director of Counseling,and residence life is intended to interrupt some pattern or Lynn University and counseling staff members. behavior,which is harmful to a student, Enrollment:2,010 and to have the student accept help.This Private,Four-Year Institution Staff,faculty,and students are informed help can be in the form of participation in Bretta Kennedy of the Concerned Person’s Report,and are counseling or an activity,or a recommen- Director of Counseling encouraged to submit the form if they have dation that the student be evaluated.A a concern for a student.All forms may be Objectives: fourth step is assisting the student to submitted confidentially.The ALERTeam •To educate students,faculty,staff and receive services.The ALERTeam provides meets biweekly to process any of the parents regarding drug and alcohol information to students regarding treat- Concerned Person’s Reports that have been issues,treatment,and related factors ment providers or other local agencies. submitted.A plan of action is then deter- which affect a student’s ability to Aftercare,the final step,consists of moni- mined.This approach was initially incorpo- perform at school toring a student’s progress and spending rated in 1995 to identify and intervene •To establish a process by which a few minutes weekly to encourage the with students who were doing poorly with instructors and concerned others can con- individual to participate in school-centered their academics.Involving both faculty and fidentially refer students with problems groups,programs,or activities.Changing staff,the ALERTeam builds a bridge associated with drug or alcohol use attitudes and knowledge of school staff between academic and support services. towards acceptance and support for Description: All individuals are invited to help identify students with emotional and/or substance The Academic Life Emergency Response students who have experienced behavior abuse related problems may also be a Team (ALERTeam) is a student assistance changes that have negatively influenced factor. team designed to identify and intervene their academic performance. with students who are showing signs of The marketing strategy used was to place Five steps are incorporated in the strategy at-risk behavior.These signs may be the Concerned Person’s Report on the used by the ALERTeam.First,early identifi- through self-disclosure,loss of productivity, UniversityWeb site.In addition,the form cation is the process by which a student’s or other behavioral signs.The ALERTeam was sent as an attachment to all faculty problems are noted and brought to the model is based on the CORE Team approach and staff along with a description of the attention of the appropriate school staff. used in the public school systems.Initial ALERTeam’s purpose.Discussions at orien- Identification can be made by a staff mem- training for team members is conducted tation also provided information about the ber,peer referral,parent referral,commu- by the county system,and has been team and explained the purpose of the nity referral,or self-referral.In the second successfully done by staff on the campus. form.While the intervention with students step,assessment,additional information is The team is composed of the Dean of has been done for several years,the gathered to determine the appropriate Freshmen,the Dean of Students,the Concerned Person’s Report originated in course of action.The ALERTeam makes note Director of Nursing,the Director of Security, 1999.Over a one-year period,75 students of a student’s behaviors,yet does not diag- faculty advisors from different colleges,the were referred,with the majority of referrals nose.The third step is intervention,which being made by faculty members.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 43 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Achieving Community Tolerance Winthrop University

Contact: The ACT Program is used strictly as a disci- meaning of respect of self,others,and Winthrop University plinary sanction for violations of University environment.They are asked to read case Enrollment:5,840 Public,Four-Year Institution policies.Participation in the ACT Program is studies and prepare a self-assessment as limited to students who meet any of the to their needs for the class. Renee Agner following conditions: Assistant Director of Residence Life The activities and group discussions during Objectives: • A first time offender of minor violations the sessions address issues such as life goals, • Committed a non-violent offense definitions of and linkage to community, •To assist students in the development •Chose to attend in lieu of an alternative college issues,and the role of respect and of personal,social and academic sanction expectations of others.These exercises deal responsibility through self-awareness •Referred by the Dean of Students or with group interaction,teamwork and self- and encouragement of personal growth the Director or Assistant Director of analysis.The program classes are designed •To assist students who exhibit problems Residence Life to be self-disclosing for students without with alcohol abuse being intrusive.This approach is used Students referred to the ACT Program because students felt that traditional sanc- Description: attend two 2-hour sessions.Three to five A committee of students and administra- tions failed to address the real issues students,with three student administra- tors developed the Achieving Community behind their violations.Other activities tors,lead the program sessions.During the Tolerance (ACT) Program to assist students engaged in by students include group sessions,students are assisted in becoming who exhibit problems with alcohol abuse discussion and problem-solving activities. self-aware of the consequences of their and who show a general lack of respect for actions,and in gaining greater understand- The evidence of success has been measured themselves and the environment in which ing of how they are viewed within their in the lack of reoccurring violations by they live.They wanted to remind students environment.Students are also assisted participating students,as well as formal of how their actions can affect themselves in understanding University policy,and written evaluations.These evaluations have and the communities in which they reside. the regulations and the rationales that been very positive.All students indicated Students in good standing serve as admin- support them. that they have a better understanding of istrators for the program.These students University policies,and that they have are not involved in any major leadership Prior to attending the first of the two learned something about themselves. positions and have had no previous sessions,each student is sent a copy of They also feel that the administrators disciplinary violations. the purpose and objectives along with a have done a good job of facilitating the journal.They are asked to complete a sec- group discussions. tion that includes questions regarding the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 44 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Acute Alcohol Intoxication Training University of South Dakota

Contacts: Acute Alcohol Intoxication Training was and symptoms of alcohol poisoning,a University of South Dakota designed to enable students to identify role-play is set up.Volunteers are solicited Enrollment:6,887 Public,Four-Year Institution and assist a person who displays the signs from the audience to enact an alcohol- and symptoms of acute alcohol intoxica- poisoning situation.One person is selected Roy Kammer Prevention Specialist tion.The training sessions are approxi- to be the student with alcohol poisoning Matt Stricherz mately 60 minutes long and cover a wide while another is selected to be the person Director,Student Counseling Center range of topics.They include dangerous to assess the situation.The audience is times for heavy drinkers,methods of encouraged to verbally assist the volunteer Objectives: preventing or reducing the risk of alcohol in assessing the person with alcohol poi- •To increase participants’knowledge of poisoning,signs and symptoms of alcohol soning.Participants often describe this acute alcohol intoxication and the poisoning,safety responses to alcohol poi- role-play as being one of the most useful synergistic effects of mixing alcohol soning,and safety responses for individuals parts of the training as it allows them to with drugs who are passed out or semiconscious but see how to“actually do it.”At the end of •To reduce the risk of students dying from who do not have the symptoms of alcohol the training,students are provided with a alcohol poisoning poisoning. bookmark/pamphlet,which outlines the •To educate students about low-risk steps to be taken in an overdose situation. partying behaviors The progr am is market ed to student leaders These handouts also include emergency and those students,faculty or staff who are telephone numbers for the students to Description: most likely to be the first responders in an contact in the case of an alcohol poisoning. The University has provided Acute Alcohol overdose situation.The program is provided Intoxication (AAI) Training as a service to annually for the Dep a rt m e n t of Public Safe t y, The University uses a pre-/post-test for its students,faculty,and staff for the past ge n e r al health and wellness classes,res i d e n t each presentation to monitor the effective- seven years.The rationale behind the pro- assistants and residence hall directors, ness of the program.One of the primary gram is based on the University’s tradition prevention staff members,night watch questions in the evaluation is “As a result of of heavy drinking.Several weekends have staff,peer educators,and members of the this training,I feel prepared to assist stu- been identified as high-risk drinking occa- Greek community. dents who are experiencing acute alcohol sions including homecoming and athletic intoxication.”Nearly 100 percent of the Students are actively engaged in the competitions with rival institutions.Mass students responded “yes”to that state- process.Trainers,who are student alcohol consumption has been identified as ment.Overall,the results are viewed as counseling center professionals,assist the an issue for students celebrating their 21st very positive,as many students are participants in hands-on practicing and birthdays.It is also included in the initia- exposed to the program and many campus monitoring pulse respiration and levels tion event of several organizations. offices are involved with its planning and of consciousness.After the participants implementation. demonstrate competency with the signs

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 45 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol 101 Programming for Student Athletes University of Illinois at Chicago

Contact: Center and the Athletic Department.The their informational cards.Prizes are University of Illinois at Chicago Alcohol 101® computer software program awarded to athletes who have the lami- Enrollment:24,429 Public,Four-Year Institution is CD-ROM technology that is designed to nated cards in their possession. Funding for encourage students to explore key issues the program is provided by a mini-grant Kristen Stults,M.P.H. Health Educator often associated with alcohol abuse among from the state Department of college students.The program includes a Transportation. Objectives: BAC estimator,interactive video scenarios, Results suggest that the program is highly •To increase student athletes’awareness 20 questions,a reality wall,a rave room, successful.However,students in smaller and understanding about the dangers and DUI information. groups of approximately 30 student ath- and consequences of alcohol use The evening sessions are presented to 14 letes report the most favorable discussions. •To promote an understanding of athletic teams.The campus Wellness Center The key elements for project success alcohol’s relationship to student athletic professionals provide program facilitation. include credible facilitators,use of the performance Discussions focus on alcohol and high-risk CD-ROM and its interactive qualities, •To assist student athletes in understand- behavior.An informational handout relat- institutional support from the coaches,and ing their role as leaders and models for ing alcohol to athletic performance and a the creative handouts.Quantitative data other students credit card size recovery informational card is gathered in the program to document Description: with safety numbers are also distributed. its effectiveness. The Alcohol 101® program was adapted An additional way of promoting imple- to fit into one hour-long,interactive mentation of content included in the sessions and be promoted on campus as workshops is to have coaches “spot check” a collaborative effort between the Wellness student athletes to see if they are carrying

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 46 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Education Mini Fairs University of California – Irvine

Contact: resident staff of various housing complexes recipes,and other handouts including University of California – Irvine is essential.The fair is set up near the end stress balls and the raffling of tickets to Enrollment:19,149 Public,Four-Year Institution of the dinner hour in a highly trafficked local attractions. area such as between the dining hall and Dr.Rita M. Whiteley The sexual health booth educates students the mailboxes or recreation room.Displays Director,Peer Health Education Program about the risks of sex under the influence and interactive education activities are of alcohol.Posters taped to the floor guide Objectives: designed to promote alcohol awareness students through the games and displays •To connect wellness themes with the and correct norm misperceptions of new and contain provocative statistics relating consequences of excessive alcohol use students about students’alcohol use. the use of alcohol to possible negative sex- •To promote a collaborative peer education At the entrance to the fair,campus police ual and relationship experiences of college approach among student leaders officers give DUI tests to volunteering students.Students can also join in a group •To provide a locally appropriate program students who use Fatal Vision Goggles having a virtual cocktail party using the which engages academics and health to simulate the effects of a blood alcohol Alcohol 101® CD-ROM.Laptops are pro- professionals percentage over the legal limit.During this vided to assist peer educators as they guide Description: activity,the officer and peer educators students through the experience. The key components of this intervention present information about the experience All the activities at the fair are staffed by are the peer model, collaboration and net- of getting a DUI as well as the financial and peer educators who conduct games and working among student leaders,interactive emotional costs.A stress management dis- exercises,answer questions and serve educational exercises,and the use of play informs students about the ways in mocktails.The music,games,and free academic incentives for developing the which alcohol abuse creates new stressors drinks portray the party atmosphere where knowledge,skills and applications of health and intensifies old ones.The display offers the norm is fun without alcohol and where promotion.The Alcohol Education Mini Fair constructive stress coping alternatives and students can talk honestly about their is sponsored by the Health Education free stress kits.Other attractions of the experiences with alcohol without appear- Center and conducted by the campus Peer mini fair include a party scene with free ing counter-normative. Health Education Program.Collaboration mocktails prepared by peer educator between the peer educators and the “bartenders,”free copies of beverage

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 47 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol-Free Activity Grants Sussex County Community College

Contact: During National Alcohol Awareness Week, available for this group to share with Sussex County Community College grant applications are made available to their children. Enrollment:2,341 students at a staffed table in an area of the Public,Two-Year Institution Advertising is conducted by first mailing a campus where students gather.Students Heidi Gregg, M.A. letter to local businesses soliciting dona- are encouraged to apply for the grant that Student Activities Coordinator tions.When the donations are received, they would like to receive.They sign an signs posted on campus make students Objectives: affidavit stating that if they should receive aware of the grant program.Students are •To offer students free entertainment and the grant,they will remain alcohol free excited when they claim their gift.They recreation options before,during,and after the activity.The verbalize that it was a good idea,and much •To promote student awareness that they grant applications are then put into a better than a lecture type of program. can have fun without drinking drawing and the winners’names are Participation is five times greater than that posted on the activity board.Materials Description: of past lecture and film programs. regarding facts about alcohol are also To promote students’involvement in a made available to the students. Making students take charge of their wide range of alcohol-free recreation and behavior on the day they participate in entertainment activities,grants are Participation in this program gives stu- their grant activity,by having them sign a awarded.Local recreation and entertain- dents the opportunity to win gifts.The only pledge to remain alcohol free,appears to ment businesses support the program requirement for participation is a pledge to have an impact on their awareness. by donating free passes to their services remain alcohol-free for the activity.While such as golf courses,bowling alleys,fitness the target population for this activity is the centers,theaters,movie theaters,driving traditional college age student,18 to 22, ranges and miniature golf centers. returning adult students are not excluded from participating.Literature is made

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 48 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Road Occidental College

Contact: have been required to learn (such as those The overall goal is for students to remain Occidental College sanctioned to attend alcohol education). interested in information about alcohol Enrollment:1,603 Private,Four-Year Institution Further,it can be used programmatically and its use.For a full hour,the interaction with audiences who are new to campus or among the group is an important element. Karen E.Boss Program Coordinator,Student Activities with students in residence halls. The board game also creates some new awareness around alcohol and its use,and The “board”is comprised of 11”x17”lami- Objectives: shares statistics that may scare some peo- nated sheets.The more sheets that are •To help students remain interested in ple.Students often indicate surprise that developed,the longer the game takes. information about alcohol they are learning from a game. About 25 sheets yield a 45-minute game. •To create awareness about alcohol and Five of these are bonus or obstacle steps, The success of the program is based on its use which state something such as,“persuaded anecdotal information that is gathered Description: your organization to host an alcohol-free when students say things such as “every- “Alcohol Road”is an interactive board event,go ahead two,”or “missed class due one should attend this program.”Students game that uses alcohol information, to a hangover,go back one.”The question typically are very engaged,asking ques- statistics,and subjective questions.In cards,in a range of colors,each have a tions and responding to the detailed this game two or more teams race against question with a number of spaces to information given by the facilitator after one another,moving along the board by advance if answered correctly.Questions the question is initially answered.Key answering questions.The game can be are in categories such as legal issues,con- elements leading to the success of the used in small groups (such as alcohol sumption statistics,health and wellness game is the competition involved,the education programs with only six to eight issues,and personal opinions.An example team aspect where many people guess the students),or in very large groups (such as of a personal opinion card is,“share one answer together,and the interactive nature orientation programs attended by 200 or thing about alcohol that scares you and of the program. more).It can be used with groups who why.”One additional resource provided is wish to learn more about alcohol (such the answer sheet used by the facilitator as as peer educators) or with groups who a reference.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 49 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S ANGLE Greek Peer Educators University of Arizona

Contact: which they are trained,other presentation Approximately half of the campus’43 Greek University of Arizona topics are coordinated and led by the four chapters request educational programs Enrollment:34,326 Public,Four-Year Institution students serving on the steering commit- from ANGLE each year.Most presentations tee.ANGLE incorporates into its training are given to new members and associate Robert Gordon Coordinator for Greek Life Programs student driven initiatives from fraternity members upon request.ANGLE also pro- and sorority members.Each year new duces a brochure providing information to Objectives: components of the program are added. the Greek chapters. •To promote positive individual and group During the fall semester,the peer educators ANGLE peer educators are expected to give behavior among Greeks attend an ANGLE retreat at an off-campus a weekly report to their individual chap- •To promote resource assistance and role overnight location.Additional training for ters,make at least two chapter presenta- modeling on health-related issues by ANGLE peer educators includes periodic tions in teams,complete two case studies, trained peers in-service programs and attendance at the and prepare final presentations in teams. Description: regional and national BACCHUS/GAMMA The final presentations become future The ANGLE (Advocates for National Greek Conference.Peer educators also receive a ANGLE programs. Leadership in Education) Greek Peer training manual prepared by the Greek Since the implementation of the ANGLE Educators Program is the peer education Life staff with the following focus areas: program and the revision of student poli- group for the University’s Greek commu- Alcohol/Other Drug Issues,Risk cies,the Greek Judicial Board has experi- nity.Students are trained as facilitators in Management,Peer Intervention and enced a 64 percent drop in cases related to many health related areas,including alco- Facilitation,and Program Ideas.The manual alcohol issues.With increased education hol/drug abuse,sexual assault/relationship is a collection of various articles,journal and policy revision,the impact of ANGLE violence,safer sex, conflict mediation, risk publications,case studies,media cam- is evident.Positive evaluations completed management,and health/nutrition.After paigns,and summarized information following ANGLE presentations provide being selected as an ANGLE peer,students focusing on the Greek Life issues. additional insight regarding the positive take a two-credit course during the spring Between 15 and 25 fraternity and sorority receptivity of this initiative. semester so they are knowledgeable members participate each spring in the and skilled to conduct presentations to class for credit and extend their participa- fraternities and sororities.Although a Greek tion through the fall semester. Life staff member leads the course in

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 50 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Annual Alcohol Awareness Talent Show Norfolk State University

Contact: plan and implement activities.The talent to call for help is listed at the bottom of the Norfolk State University show is their activity.The show provides page.Also provided is information on local Enrollment:6,987 Public,Four-Year Institution students and members of the University treatment facilities,support groups,and community with an opportunity for active hotlines.To help fund the talent show, Lori M.Hobson,M.S.Ed. Coordinator,Substance Abuse Services involvement in alcohol and drug awareness students conduct a bake sale to raise funds. programming.Individuals may compete for Donations are also solicited from individu- Objectives: lst,2nd,and 3rd place prizes in the follow- als and local businesses.Any profits are •To involve members of the University ing categories:singing,dancing,rapping, donated to a local substance abuse community in an educational and or performing a skit or poem.Each act is treatment facility. entertaining alcohol and drug awareness required to be inspirational in nature or Marketing for the show is done by flyers, activity to directly address the consequences of posters,newspaper ads,and radio •To showcase the skills and talents of substance abuse or underage drinking. announcements.The success of the Annual participants To enhance the educational component Alcohol and Other Drug Awareness Talent •To increase drug and alcohol awareness of the program,the show uses the “Fatal Show indicates that participants tend to by providing educational materials and Vision Goggles”to simulate the visual pay more attention when they feel they are experiential learning impairment caused by intoxication. being entertained than when they are sim- •To encourage cooperation within Between performances,volunteers from ply lectured.By combining education and the campus community by engaging the audience are invited to attempt simple entertainment,the students,faculty,and students,faculty,and staff members tasks such as catching a nerf football or staff appear more receptive to learning Description: breaking a piñata while wearing the about the consequences of substance The Annual Alcohol Awareness Talent Show goggles.Prizes are awarded to successful abuse.The evaluation form shows that the is designed to promote awareness on drug volunteers. vast majority of participants enjoy the ses- and alcohol issues by combining education sion and would attend other programs like An educational table is set up where infor- with entertainment.The Coordinator of this one.Further,the number of people mation on drugs and alcohol is handed out Substance Abuse Services and a student who attended the show doubled from the to those in attendance.Included in the task group produce the show.The task first year to the second year. information is a self-test entitled,“Is your group,as part of their class work,form a drinking a problem?”Information on who coalition with the Counseling Center to

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 51 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Athletes for Sexual Responsibility University of Maine

Contacts: and dating,including what can go wrong handling some of the major challenges and University of Maine when the two are mixed.It ends with judgment calls college students face when Enrollment:9,945 Public,Four-Year Institution questions for the viewer to consider. presented with new people,unfamiliar The discussion is designed to raise aware- situations,demanding and social peer Sandra L.Caron, Ph.D. Director,Athletes for Sexual Responsibility ness and offer alternatives to promote pressures,and an abundance of alcohol. responsible behavior. “The Party”takes viewers into the midst of Objectives: a social gathering where they encounter Comprised of student athletes from the •To raise students’awareness of how recognizable characters,perhaps them- various athletic teams,this program alcohol can negatively affect one’s selves.They are also confronted with involves training students to educate behavior potential problems and a choice of deci- others on alcohol and relationship issues. •To promote awareness as the beginning sions about alcohol and relationships,giv- The intent of using athletes in the video of responsible alcohol use ing them the opportunity to demonstrate and the ensuing discussion is that,individ- •To incorporate the use of student athletes positive leadership and role modeling. ually and as a group,college athletes are as role models role models and set a standards of social The video is shown to new student athletes Description: conduct for other students and for children. each year as well as to students in resi- Athletes for Sexual Responsibility empha- They are also held more personally and dence halls,and to some classes.Flyers size awareness,moderation,responsibility, publicly accountable for poor choices, announcing the availability of the video and respect.The goal of the program is to mistakes,and reckless actions.The content and workshop are mailed to coaches,resi- change student perceptions about alcohol for the video was developed by student dence hall staff,and relevant classes on abuse,as well as assumptions about dating athletes.In addition,they are trained campus,and in a local high school.The and sexual relationships.The videotape to facilitate the discussion following video has been well received on campus. “The Party”is an educational tool designed the video. Typically,the discussion that follows the by members of the Athletes for Sexual showing of the videotape is quite lively. The videotape provides a front line per- Responsibility Program.“The Party” spective and a common sense approach to videotape focuses on the issues of drinking

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 52 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Athletics Promotes Positive Role Models Kutztown University

Contact: Several athletes from different teams who a positive image for the University that will Kutztown University had demonstrated responsible behavior hopefully set examples for other students Enrollment:8,069 Public,Four-Year Institution related to substance use were selected for to follow. the posters. Wayne Fletcher Funding for the project is made available Prevention and Chemical Education The design of the posters is based upon through the collaboration of the athletic Coordinator developing “catchy”sports related phrases department and the Prevention And Objectives: to promote positive messages.The poster Chemical Education (P.A.C.E.) office,both •To modify attitudes and behaviors of slogans include “Use your head in the game housed within the Division of Student athletes through credible peer influence of life - stay in school,”which is included Affairs.The University photographer took •To change the campus culture and norms on a poster of a soccer player;“Block out photographs and a local printing company by having students see their peers lead drugs and alcohol,”featured on a poster prepared posters. with a volleyball player and “Hang on the by example The positive reception of the program is rim…not with the wrong crowd,”featured monitored by collecting feedback from stu- Description: on a poster with a basketball player. dents on campus as well as from teachers This program is a poster campaign The program has been very popular with from the local junior and senior high designed to promote healthy life choices the students.In addition,students in the schools.Alumni,students and parents all using student athletes as positive role local junior and senior high schools where report positive feedback.In addition,the models.Student athletes are selected the posters have been displayed respond high number of requests for the posters because they are a population that has even more favorably than the University’s from other secondary schools and universi- high visibility on campus and in the students.To further reinforce the message, ties desirous of implementing similar pro- community.Athletes are also deemed to autographed copies of the posters are sent grams on their campus provides evidence be the best communicators of messages to home town high schools of the athletes of the success of the program. regarding choice;the campus committee showcased.In addition,the admissions wanted to reinforce positive messages office uses the posters as a recruiting tool identified by the campus committee. for the Uni ve r s i t y.This proj e c t has prom o te d

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 53 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Big Playground Bowling Green State University

Contact: include dodge ball,four-square,hopscotch, number of in-kind resources and donations Bowling Green State University board games,coloring,twister,an UNO are provided. Enrollment:19,333 tournament,finger painting,three-on- Public,Four-Year Institution Students are encouraged to exchange three basketball tournament,Pictionary, Barbara Hoffman,MSN alcohol-related objects,such as posters, food eating contests,Bouncy Boxing,and Interim Health Promotion Coordinator shot glasses,t-shirts,and neon signs for other inflatable games.A disk jockey plays an event t-shirt and entrance ticket for Objectives: music from the 1980’s and early 1990’s to the raffle.Several hundred alcohol-related •To provide safe and fun alcohol-free help set the mood for the evening,and free environmental messages are brought to activities for students food is available. the event each year. •To reduce alcohol-related environmental This event provides a social opportunity for messages displayed at the University The Big Playground appears to be a students who choose not to drink during successful event with over 1,000 students the times when other students are most Description: in attendance.After several years of imple- The Big Playground serves as an educa- likely to drink.Marketing strategies used to mentation,the event has become a tradi- tional opportunity for the University to promote the event include flyers,contests tion at the University.Evaluations are combat negative environmental messages. among the Greek chapters,ads in the stu- collected following completion of the Its aim is to counteract the misperception dent newspaper,suckers with a message event with feedback being very positive. that all college students engage in high- attached,table tents in the dining halls, Nearly half of the participants brought risk drinking.The Big Playground is an blackboards in classrooms,and an e-mail an environmental message and over alcohol-free social activity that occurs on sent to various campus listservs. three-quarters said they would recom- a Friday night in February before spring Costs of the event are between $5,000 mend the event to a friend. break.The Student Recreation Center and $7,000.Support is received from many is transformed into a playground from student organizations and departments 10 p.m.to 1 a.m.with activities that on campus.In addition,a significant

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 54 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Booze Café Florida International University

Contact: amount of liquor to demonstrate the alcohol in a certain period of time on an Florida International University effects of alcohol on the different systems empty stomach.They drink between five Enrollment:31,293 Public,Four-Year Institution of the body. and nine ounces of liquor within one hour, achieving a BAC between 0.09 and 0.17. Mariela V.Gabaroni This approach is chosen due to the visual Senior Health Educator and interactive nature of the presentation. Following this consumption,the officer Objectives: The audience consists mostly of residential again assesses the BAC and asks the students who range in age from 18 to 22. subjects to perform a series of sobriety •To demonstrate first-hand how alcohol The city police department,who also pro- tests.The volunteers openly talk to the can impair judgment,slow reflexes,affect vide use of the breathalyzer device,provide participants about how they felt while vision and balance,and cloud reasoning the alcohol. at specific BAC levels.Participants see first- •To educate college students about the hand the loss of coordination,judgment, effects of alcohol on the body and mind A local police officer who specializes in vision,balance,and reaction time experi- enforcement of DUI laws takes baseline enced by the drinkers. Description: measurements of Blood Alcohol During National Collegiate Alcohol Concentration (BAC), reaction time,bal- The Booze Café is considered to be a great Awareness Week,the University’s Health ance,coordination,nystagmus,and agility. su c c ess by students on and around cam p u s . Care and Wellness Center organize a special The three subjects,who represent different event called “Booze Café.”Three individuals genders and body size,are instructed to of legal drinking age consume a regulated consume a pre-determined amount of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 55 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S CheckPoint Oswego State University

Contact: After registering for CheckPoint,students then the student is assigned to the Oswego State University are assigned to one of three options.The appropriate option. Enrollment:8,000 first option is the CheckPoint course which Public,Four-Year Institution Staff members from local treatment agen- is a 7.5-hour education,prevention and Kimberly L. Bowman cies facilitate the educational program and intervention curriculum.The content is Assistant Dean of Students the evaluations.The use of non-campus Coordinator,Lifestyles Center designed to help students achieve their staff for the program assists in removing individual educational objectives while any perceived “campus bias”a student Objectives: affirming the educational purpose of the •To advance students’understanding might feel when being sanctioned to par- University Conduct Code and the campus of their own alcohol and drug use ticipate.Further,students who participate community.The second option is attending •To reduce future negative consequences as a result of referral for reasons other than the CheckPoint course and meeting with a of drug and alcohol use for the individual sanctions may be more likely to openly qualified professional regarding their drug student and the campus evaluate their own use patterns when a and alcohol use.The third option is an alco- •To increase students’knowledge and campus administrator is not present. hol and drug evaluation,which is utilized use of options other than drug and when a student is not eligible for the While the Office of Judicial Affairs and alcohol use CheckPoint course.In this situation,the the LifeStyles Center provide staff and Description: student meets with a Certified Alcohol and operating expenses,students sanctioned to participate must pay a fee ranging Education is the first step to assist students Substance Abuse Counselor who conducts from $30 to $50.Other funding for the in taking responsibility for their behavior an evaluation in a private and confidential program is made available through the and to understand the consequences of manner.The outcome of this evaluation sale of publications. current and future behavior as it relates to may require the student to participate in alcohol use.The CheckPoint Program was additional counseling sessions,urine An evaluation,conducted at the conclusion developed to respond to violations of the screens and/or treatment. of each educational class,provides immedi- University’s Alcohol and Other Drugs Through the use of the multi-option for- ate and ongoing feedback to monitor the Policies.In addition,it addresses student mat,student needs are best met,and an course and to help make curriculum needs concerning drug and alcohol use, appropriate campus response can occur. revisions as necessary.Research conducted misuse,and abuse. This program has the ability to prevent over a 2-year period revealed that approxi- mately 92 percent of students who com- The CheckPoint Program targets students inappropriate student behaviors from pleted the CheckPoint process did not who violate the campus alcohol and drug interfering with their education and devel- commit additional acts in violation of the policies.Participation is a requirement opment and that of their peers.The various campus policy.Through student initiated related to a sanction for violating the pol- options also assist students in becoming efforts,the municipal judicial system has icy.A second target population is students connected with the most appropriate become aware of the CheckPoint program. identified as having drug and alcohol prob- resources for their situation. Consequently,the city and town courts lems.These students may be identified by The campus makes use of the Substance now sanction students with minor alcohol faculty,staff,or other students and may Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) and drug violations to participate in the voluntarily participate in the program.The instrument to determine which of the CheckPoint process.Evidence indicates third target audience includes students three CheckPoint options are best suited greater student awareness of the program who desire to learn more about alcohol to the student’s needs.The SASSI forms as well as improved enforcement of the and drugs.Their participation is also are reviewed by a state-certified Alcohol campus alcohol policy. voluntary. and Substance Abuse Counselor and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 56 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of Wisconsin – Choices and Voices Whitewater

Contact: on learning about the effects of drugs and data to reinforce the fact that most stu- University of Wisconsin – alcohol,examining the alcohol-use norms dents on campus make responsible deci- Whitewater Enrollment:10,654 on their teams,and information about sions about alcohol use.The campaign Public,Four-Year Institution alcohol,drugs and dating violence. consists of posters featuring athlete peer mentors,newspaper ads,table tents,deco- Lynn Mucha The Peer Mentors design a plan of action at EAP/SAP Coordinator rated display cases,a message board at the the end of each semester.Then,in a follow- University Center,a Web site,public service up one-credit course,they work with their Objectives: announcements at sporting events,and •To provide approaches to student teammates and coaches on the plan. Some various give-away items (such as water athletes’decisions about alcohol use plans of action have included sponsoring bottles,pens,can coolers,and fortune •To incorporate athlete peer mentors in alcohol-free team events,reviewing and cookies with campus specific messages). campus marketing campaigns changing team policies,and targeting The Peer Mentors have participated in the younger athletes and sharing their stories campaign by attendance at the Description: with them.These Peer Mentors then serve Underground Dance Club,by staffing a The campus promotes new and innovative as role models and “connections”for their table at the Athletic Department,by con- programming focusing on student athletes. teammates.The program is viewed as ducting radio interviews,and by handing Among the new initiatives are the training successful and is valued by both staff out social norms literature and giveaways of coaches,team training,and the imple- and students. mentation of a Student-Athlete Peer to their peers.There are also several Peer Another initiative is the implementation of Mentor Program.In this program,approxi- Mentors who have been hired as peer a Social Norms Media Campaign. Based on mately 15 student-athletes from various consultants to help design and distribute the results of the campus-wide Core teams complete a two-credit Peer Mentor the information and consult with the Alcohol and Drug Survey,the marketing Course each semester.The course focuses project activities. campaign provides students with accurate

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 57 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Choices Program Southern Methodist University

Contact: which all students must take for two This approach is used to complement other Southern Methodist University semesters.These courses provide the education and prevention strategies.For Enrollment:10,361 Private,Four-Year Institution opportunity to address alcohol and drug some students,hearing a personal account education primarily with first- and second- of someone’s struggle with addiction or a Monica Turley Assistant Director year students.Staff of the Center for personal testimony from the victim of a Center for Alcohol and Drug Abuse Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention recruit crash involving drunk driving can have a Prevention people who are in recovery from chemical powerful impact on their attitudes and Objectives: dependency or whose lives have been beliefs.Through this process,speakers have affected by an alcohol or drug related the opportunity to share with students in a •To provide information in a classroom tragedy to share their experience with stu- very personal way while correcting misper- setting about the nature of problems, dents in the “Choices”class.Speakers are ceptions and changing attitudes about risks,and consequences associated with encouraged to talk about addiction from alcoholism and drug addiction.A staff alcohol and drugs the context of their own personal experi- member from the Center also provides •To provide students who have a drug- ence as well as the consequences they have information on campus services. or alcohol-related problem with the faced as a result,and the quality of life they opportunity to make a personal connec- During informal discussions in classes,stu- currently enjoy. tion in a non-threatening environment dents have often given positive feedback Students are encouraged to ask questions about the message delivered by the Description: and engage in discussions about drug and speaker.Some students asked specific The University’s Center for Alcohol and alcohol abuse and related issues.Since pre- questions about how to tell if someone is Drug Abuse Prevention,in collaboration senters are somewhat similar to students an alcoholic,what the definition of moder- with the campus Wellness Department, in age,family background,educational his- ate drinking is,and how to help someone provides information about alcohol and tory,and socio-economic status,students who has a problem. drug abuse in a classroom setting.This are more likely to listen and relate to the occurs in wellness classes called,“Choices” experiences of the speaker.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 58 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Coffee House University of Virginia

Contact: alcoves,and a game station where equip- Particularly helpful in the coffee house University of Virginia ment and board games are available for program is the fact that it was initiated by Enrollment:22,433 Public,Four-Year Institution students to check out.During the hours of first-year students for first-year students.It coffee house operation,the university’s continues to be student run with oversight Suzanne Noel-Harman Area Coordinator,Alderman Residences dining services sells espresso drinks and supervision by professional Student Affairs pastries.A student employed by the Office staff.Its location in a residence hall pro- Objectives: of the Dean of Students/Residence Life vides more immediate access for students. •To provide alcohol-free weekend activities checks out games and pool table and dart- Success of the program is measured by a for first-year students board equipment.The Tuttle Coffee House variety of approaches.While the average •To provide programs that help create Committee implements all programs. number of students at any given event is an intellectual community by bringing A wide variety of weekend programs are approximately 35,some events have faculty and students together offered in this location.Usually,a local attracted up to 100 students.Most users •To provide a variety of programs and band or acoustic coffee house artist enter- of the space are students who do not events that strive to meet diverse needs tains on one of the three nights.These indi- use or abuse alcohol. Results of a survey of the student population viduals and groups are managed through provide perspectives of students regarding Description: local agencies.Other programs include the coffee house’s location,hours,and The Tuttle Coffee House is a programming karaoke,a student art show,faculty story types of entertainment. effort,planned by first-year students, telling,a student improvisational comedy The reach achieved by this program is aimed at providing alcohol-free weekend troupe,peer health educators performing extensive,including 3,000 students in sum- activities for first-year students.The First skits on alcohol-related issues,study mer orientation,900 Greek pledges in Year Council,an all first-year student gov- breaks,game tournaments,open mike training,1,000 students targeted through erning and programming body for the night,and student a cappella groups. outreach programs,over 2,000 attending first-year class,includes seven standing A graduate assistant (GA) overseen by the the Alcohol Responsibility Month,and all committees,one of which is the Tuttle Office of the Dean of Students/Residence the students reached by the social norms Coffee House Committee.This committee Life advises the First Year Council and the marketing campaigns. is led by a student director who is selected Tuttle Coffee House Committee.The GA through an interview process organized by Based on a pre-test/post-test design,it develops liaison relationships with the the outgoing leadership of the preceding appears that students are drinking less university’s programs office and dining First Year Council. year-round;more specifically,students are services.Further the GA must be present drinking less frequently in the spring than The lounge is located in a residence hall during performances of contracted artists. at the beginning of the academic year.In that houses 1,500 first-year students. The coffee house is supported and funded addition,students’perceptions of their Reconstructed as a coffee house,this space by a variety of campus and community peers’drinking behavior have become is used during the week as a lounge where resources.The housing division funds the more realistic. students can relax,study and socialize.On equipment,maintains accessories,and pro- Thursday,Friday,and Saturday nights from vides housekeeping and cleaning services. 9 p.m.to 2 a.m.,the lounge becomes a The Office of the Dean of Students and coffee house.The space includes a corner Residence Life fund the GA and provide an stage,coffee bar seating,a coffee bar annual programming budget.Dining serv- kitchen and counter,a pool table and dart- ices staffs the coffee bar and provides all board,large couches with tables tucked in food and beverage services.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 59 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of California – Community Health Course Santa Barbara

Contact: are designed to be very interactive with encouraging behavior change in the most University of California – many peer-focused discussions.The course at-risk populations on campus.Traditional Santa Barbara Enrollment:20,056 syllabus consists of information on the educational approaches by staff and peer Public,Four-Year Institution Community Health Model,leadership,team health educators were not drawing large Sabina White, M.A. building,and various health topics,most of numbers of these students.Further,their Director,Health Education which are related to alcohol or drug issues. impact appeared limited due to the “one time”nature of health presentations In addition to attendance,reading and Objectives: and awareness activities.Knowing that •To improve the overall health of first year related homework,the primary course multiple contacts are necessary to affect students and individuals in Greek requirement is a health project.Students behavior change,this academic class was organizations,and athletics. conduct a health needs assessment of their designed to assure both on-going contact •To encourage these individuals to group (Greek chapter,athletic team or first- and student interest in the topics.The pro- influence the health and quality of life year residence);select a health concern to grammatic ideal is to have one to two within their organizations work on based on their needs assessment; members of each chapter/team in each •To reduce the incidence of heavy drinking and design,implement and evaluate a class each academic term in order to infuse and related problems project,addressing the health concern. health information through the various Students make a presentation to the class organizations and groups. Description: about their projects,which gives them a The Community Health Course is a sociol- chance to report on their successes and Staff members from the three related ogy course developed through the Health challenges and to share ideas with one departments have been eager to devote Education Department and based on the another.After taking this class,students time to the project as they see how it Community Health Model.Different sec- have an opportunity to continue working ultimately benefits their students.Progress tions of the course target members of on projects to improve the health of their is monitored by the completion of pre- Greek organizations,athletes,and resident group/community by participation in an /post-test questionnaires regarding health assistants.Each specialized section of the academic internship,which may last up to behaviors by class members.In addition, course is team-taught by various health six additional academic terms. class members must devise an evaluation educators in conjunction with staff mem- component for their projects with their This approach was chosen due to concerns bers (Greek advisor,athletic and recreation chapters/teams/residents.Feedback from that the campus was not reaching and department,and residential life).All classes students has been very positive.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 60 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University at Albany, Discussing Our Choices State University of New York

Contact: and alcohol policies.Second,the group use both currently and in the past.They are University at Albany, serves as a programmatic intervention for asked to estimate the extent of drug and State University of New York Enrollment:16,900 established high profile and high-risk stu- alcohol use on campus by their peers,and Public,Four-Year Institution dent groups,such as athletic teams or fra- are provided with the actual normative Danny Trujillo,Ph.D. ternities and sororities.Third,the group statistics.They then discuss how these Alcohol and Other Drug Education serves as a community-based intervention numbers could be accurate and the impli- Coordinator/Psychologist that motivates students within each resi- cations of these normative messages as Objectives: dential community to discuss the role and they relate to their own drug use.An open impact of drugs and alcohol in their rooms, discussion occurs where students disclose •To help students honestly reflect on their in their suites,or on their floor. their motivation and reason for drug and drinking or drug use alcohol use and evaluate the roles that •To explore student misperceptions, Given the success and impact of the first alcohol or drugs may play in their lives, attitudes,and beliefs toward use series of programs in the early 1990s,other such as in their families,residential •To understand the range of social, per- professionals and para-professionals were communities,academic achievements, sonal,academic and health consequences trained to facilitate additional workshops. friendship,and romantic relationships. of drug and alcohol use The structured psycho-educational group •To provide accurate information about workshop allows students to discuss with All activities and their impacts are evalu- drugs and alcohol and their effects on the peers their normative perceptions,personal ated qualitatively and quantitatively by human body beliefs,and behaviors associated with their collecting data from DOC participants, •To reduce the occurrence of high-risk use of drugs and alcohol. Students are not University professionals,as well as residen- consumption patterns and drug/alcohol- told what to do,are not lectured to,and are tial life staff and University police.Issues related incidents not judged.Instead,they are provided with and themes are identified as contributors an opportunity to participate in a process, to alcohol and drug use on campus. Description: which helps them make their own Research evaluating the impact of the The Discussing Our Choices (DOC) project is informed decisions concerning their DOC project has demonstrated significant part of the campus’comprehensive drug drinking or drug use. changes in student perceptions,attitudes and alcohol early intervention approach. and behaviors over time,including sharp Developed to address the issues and expe- The group content includes discussions of declines in the quantity and frequency of riences of various at-risk populations,the University policies and community stan- alcohol use.The evaluation has also program was initially created as a judicial dards,as well as sanction procedures. demonstrated that participants are more response for drug and alcohol violations Attention is given to student values and likely to acknowledge their responsibility on campus.Currently,DOC is used at three priorities with a discussion of how drug for experiencing the consequences associ- levels.First,it is an initial response for and alcohol use can or has conflicted ated with their use of drugs and alcohol. students who violate the University’s drug with these values.Students discuss their quantity and frequency of drug and alcohol

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 61 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Flashing Your Brights Nebraska Wesleyan University

Contact: any intervention to know that you suc- These include advertisements in campus Nebraska Wesleyan University ceeded.”Second,“these are tools,not rules; newspapers,ads for campus radio pro- Enrollment:1,469 Private,Four-Year Institution you can use them when you choose.”Third, gramming,an interactive Web site with “you are part of a team.” materials and methods,posters,table Pat Dotson-Pettit,Ph.D. tents,buttons,and laminated wallet Chairman,Department of Health and Five methods are incorporated in this Human Performance cards.In addition,interactive video pro- approach and all involve talking with the gramming for practice of the five methods person from a personal perspective.First, Objectives: is incorporated. •To use campus media to promote tell the person “what you see”by providing recognition of the project’s methods the facts about how they acted on a partic- Results are based on the outcomes of 45- and understandings ular drinking occasion without judging, minute presentations made to 32 groups •To reduce heavy drinking by students analyzing or diagnosing their behavior. of college students.A handout on informal •To capitalize on opportunities held by Second,portray“how you feel.”With this, interventions is distributed at the session. the immediate peer group to intervene peers express that they care about the A substantial shift in attitude occurred in others’heavy drinking harm done to the person,and their concern regarding a person’s perceived responsibil- about the specific problem observed.Third, ity for acting on a friend’s problem drink- Description: state“what you know.”With this,peers ing.Behavioral intent demonstrated that “Flashing Your Brights”is a unique anti- with only little training in substance abuse approximately half of the participants were heavy drinking strategy,which builds on can provide good information. Fourth, likely to“flash their brights”at someone the analogy of flashing bright lights at specify “where your boundaries are.”With within the next few days or month. oncoming motorists whose headlights are this,peers can hold their friends account- Overall reaction by students is that most switched off.In this project,it refers to act- able.Fifth,state“there is hope for change.” appear relieved and many are enthused as ing on someone’s problems without taking With this,students help others see that the model shows them ways to approach responsibility for them.Thus,the one flash- they don’t have to use alcohol to party, practical problems many of them face with ing is caring for the other without being and that many who do use alcohol, friends who are heavy drinkers.It helps co-dependent.“Flashing Your Brights” do so responsibly. them to focus on small practical steps. incorporates a set of three understandings Implementation is done in a range of ways. The approach is easy to grasp and does and five methods of very brief interven- One approach is the implementation by not require special training in chemical tions.The tools are such that peers may residence hall advisors who have been dependency.Finally,participants learn begin to use them as soon as they are trained in the “Flashing Your Brights” that they are accomplishing something introduced.The three understandings, me t h od s .It is also infused into the fres h m e n important even when they get a negative which serve as the foundation for this curriculum.The project uses a range of reaction from the heavy drinker. project,are as follows.First,“you do not media approaches to promote recognition. have to see quick or positive results from

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 62 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Freshmen Early Intervention University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: are integrated into the classrooms,publica- Special training takes place for individuals University of Missouri – Columbia tions,athletic events,major campus events, who have the greatest impact on fresh- Enrollment:22,930 Public,Four-Year Institution holidays,educational posters,and displays men.These include resident assistants, throughout the campus.With recruitment orientation leaders,faculty of the freshmen Kim Dude, M.Ed. Director,Wellness Resource Center conducted by the admissions office,both year experience classes,and peer advisors. and ADAPT full-time staff and students who assist Topics covered during these trainings in recruitment efforts are trained on a include the extent of drug and alcohol Objectives: range of issues.These topics include the use on campus,prevention services,social •To decrease misperceptions among extent of drug and alcohol abuse on the norming messages,what needs to be first-year students of peer alcohol use campus,what is included with campus communicated to freshmen,and what role •To decrease the misuse and abuse of prevention services,and what messages they can play in decreasing students’drug alcohol by first-year students are appropriate for communication to or alcohol use. incoming students and their parents. Description: Several educational programs and activi- The University’s Wellness Resource Center Summer orientations are offered over a 2- ties are aimed at first-year students during and ADAPT (Alcohol and Drug Abuse day period during 4 weeks of the summer. the first few weeks of classes.The Alcohol- Prevention Team) provides a comprehen- Orientation leaders are trained on drug and 101® CD-ROM is offered for new members sive campus-wide year-long early inter- alcohol issues and wellness topics.The of Greek organizations.At this time,hand- vention effort aimed at first-year students. desired message for communication to held fans with social norming messages These approaches were identified because new students and their parents is that are distributed. of the importance of having an impact on “Most MU students make good choices.” The marketing techniques include weekly freshmen as early as possible.Beginning This message is consistently communicated ads in the student newspaper,flyers, during recruitment,these efforts continue to new students and parents so that par- posters,bookmarks,mouse pads,fans, through orientation and reinforce the ents can also communicate to their sons printed baseballs and footballs,t-shirts, message throughout the student’s first and daughters that positive choices are and banners.The strategy is to create year on campus. desired.In addition,the brochure,entitled creative marketing campaigns that are “Parents,you’re not done yet . .. have you The annual Alcohol Responsibility Month comprehensive and ongoing and located talked to them about drinking in college?” serves as a springboard for the year-long in a range of locations on the campus. prevention efforts.These prevention efforts is distributed to parents.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 63 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Freshmen Social Norming Strategies University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: newspaper,and flyers,posters,and table the campus food court,free bowling,or a University of Missouri – Columbia tents are placed in the residence halls, free baseball cap.Over 70 percent of the Enrollment:22,930 Public,Four-Year Institution Greek houses,dining halls,and classrooms. students know what the social norming In addition,large sandwich boards with the messages are. Kim Dude, M.Ed. social norms messages are placed in the Director,Wellness Resource Center All of ADAPT’s and WRC’s educational and ADAPT student center,mouse pads are placed in all outreach programs have incorporated computer labs,and printed bookmarks are social norming messages.These programs, Objectives: distributed in the bookstore and library.To •To correct the misperceptions of peer facilitated by trained peer educators,help inform faculty and administration of this drug and alcohol use among freshmen students openly discuss their mispercep- effort,printed magnets are distributed and •To incorporate social norming strategies tions.Outreach programs are conducted an extensive article appears in the into educational outreach programs in residence halls,Greek houses,and faculty/staff newspaper. •To create training programs for those classrooms. The campaign begins with teaser posters, who have an impact on freshmen In addition,the staff provides social ads,and flyers with “Zero-Four”printed on norming training for those individuals Description: them.This is done for several weeks with deemed most influential in a student’s The University’sWellness Resource Center the gradual unveiling of what“Zero-Four” life,including student leaders,pledge (WRC) and the ADAPT (Alcohol and Drug means.The most popular aspect of this educators,residence hall staff,faculty, Abuse Prevention Team) staff of student teaser campaign are the soap opera ads staff,parents,admissions recruiters,student volunteers have developed a comprehen- that appear in the student newspaper; outreach teams,community advisors,tour sive social norming approach which com- these ads feature conversations among guides,Greek chapter advisors,and student plements the campus’combination of students who are trying to figure out what affairs administrators.These trainings help programs,policies,and public education “Zero-Four”means while at the same time the impactors understand their roles in the campaigns.This communications plan creating a romantic story line.In addition, social norming efforts,as it is vitally impor- builds upon extensive research and three different t-shirts are printed with tant to have all the impactors in a student’s promotes clear and consistent messages social norming messages:one for safe life communicate the same message. to students.The focus of the campaign spring break,one for wellness month,and is upon actual drug and alcohol use of one specifically for social norming.During Data which examines the success of this students’peers,as well as risks and conse- the wellness month,if a student is found approach is obtained by gathering infor- quences associated with alcohol misuse wearing a safe break t-shirt,she/he mation from two different campuses and abuse. receives a free wellness month shirt.The within the university system,with one campus not using any social norming The social norming messages are blended shirts are also used as incentives for partic- messages.Further,focus groups provide into all aspects of a students’environment: ipation in surveys and focus groups,as well opportunities for students to offer sugges- where they live,where they study,where as provided to residence hall staff and tions about the best ways of reaching they eat,and where they learn. By imple- Greek leaders who display social norming freshmen.The focus groups address stu- menting the social norming efforts in posters in their living units.Finally,a golf dents’recognition of the social norming traditional and nontraditional ways,and cart is decorated and driven around cam- ads,suggestions for improvement,and the in settings where students live,learn,and pus as the “prize patrol.”Random students reaction to some of the new advertising socialize,the approach maximizes students’ are asked questions related to the social strategies that have been developed. exposure to accurate information.Weekly norming messages;those who know the social norming ads appear in the student correct answers receive a $1 coupon to

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 64 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Greek Peer Educator Program University of Maine

Contact: as well as assumptions about dating and college campus rape cases;the death University of Maine relationships. of students from alcohol poisoning;the Enrollment:9,945 consequences of drinking and driving;the Public,Four-Year Institution The “Liquor,Lust and the Law”videotape amount of alcohol found in beer and wine Sandra L.Caron, Ph.D. is an educational tool prepared by the coolers;and the absorption rate of alcohol Professor,Family Relations/Human University to facilitate discussion around Sexuality in women.The other cluster of tips empha- alcohol use.The 20-minute tape takes the Director,Greek Peer Educator Program sizes “know the limits.”These include being viewer to a typical college party and aware of how alcohol affects decision mak- Objectives: reveals some of the problems that can ing,being aware of the environment,stay- •To reduce the risk faced by fraternity and occur as a result of alcohol abuse.The ing with friends,pouring one’s own drinks, sorority members videotape is primarily used to inform work- watching out for friends and educating •To promote leadership among fraternity shop participants about issues related to them about responsible decisions,and and sorority members fraternities and sororities.The videotape respecting those who choose not to drink. presents a front line perspective and a Description: common sense approach to handling some Members of the Greek Peer Educator Established in 1990,the Greek Peer of the major challenges and judgment calls Program are trained to present the video Educator Program helps Greek organiza- Greeks face when confronted with new and facilitate discussion.Discussions take tions deal better with issues surrounding people,unfamiliar situations,demanding place with Greek organizations,in resi- substance abuse and sexuality.The focus social and peer pressures,and an abun- dence halls,and in some academic classes. of the program is to create healthy role dance of alcohol. The discussion guide helps the Greek Peer models by using peer group educators.The Educators emphasize issues such as Greek Peer Educator Program trains Greeks Tips emphasize knowing the facts and awareness,moderation,responsibility, to educate other Greeks in the issues of consequences and knowing the limits. and respect.The videotape features Greek alcohol risk management and sexuality. Facts and consequences discussed include: students in difficult situations and serves The goal is to change expectations and ways in which drinking can affect one’s as a springboard for crucial discussion. perceptions about alcohol use and abuse health,studies and relationships;alcohol’s involvement as the leading factor in

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 65 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Greek Risk Management Workshop University of Texas at Austin

Contact: members of Greek organizations prior to state ABC rules,as well as Fraternity University of Texas at Austin many of the social events of the academic Insurance Purchasing Group (F.I.P.G.) rules, Enrollment:49,009 Public,Four-Year Institution year.As a part of the workshop a presenta- which govern the fraternities.The party is tion regarding the danger and effects very authentic except for the absence of Betty Jeanne Wolfe,M.S. Student Affairs Administrator related to over-consumption of alcohol is alcohol.Security guards check ID cards at Panhellenic Advisor made by a national speaker and author the door,providing wristbands to those who specializes in educating college stu- over 21,and marking the wristbands of Objectives: dents.Also,a local agent from the state’s minors.Names are also checked off a guest •To educate fraternity and sorority Alcoholic Beverage Commission discusses list.Upon entering the “party,”the guests members about a resolution in support the penalties of breaking the drinking can socialize in a safe environment of alcohol-free functions laws and provides insight into the reason- patrolled by security.Food and alcohol-free •To discuss problems and chapter liability ing for the passage of some of the new beverages are provided. related to alcohol laws.This agent offers students a clear idea •To provide fraternities with an example The party was set up so that chapters of what is expected of them as college of a quality fraternity party can see how a party should be safely run. students and societal members.Lastly,a A discussion is held of the rules of party representative of the insurance company Description: set up so that chapters can implement for fraternities talks about the chapters’ The Risk Management Officers from the these rules at their own fraternity and liability and responsibilities. Panhellenic and Interfraternity Councils sorority parties.Feedback from those in initiated a risk management workshop for These discussions are followed by a “perfect attendance indicate that they learned a fraternities and sororities.Taking place at party”which takes place in a fraternity great deal.Participants view this event as the beginning of the fall academic term, house.This was set up according to the a great success. the workshop was designed to educate

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 66 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Boston University State University of NewYork College at Cortland Happy 21st Birthday Card Trinity University

Contacts: Description: the message:“Remember . ..don’t make 21 Boston University The Happy 21st Birthday Card campaign is shots your ‘last call’– it could cost you your Enrollment:29,131 Private,Four-Year Institution created to promote responsible behavior as life.BE SAFE,BE RESPONSIBLE.You deserve well as reward individuals who choose to many more birthdays!”The student who Carolyn L. Norris,M.A. Director,Boston University Wellness Center celebrate without alcohol.Acknowledging receives the birthday card can take the card Sta te Uni ve r s i t y of New Yor k Col l e g e the fact that individuals can legally pur- to the campus pizza shop and exchange it at Cortland chase and consume alcohol after age 21, for a complimentary pizza and liter of soda. Enrollment:6,991 this transition is often marked with heavy AtTrinity University,the message distrib- Public,Four-Year Institution and abusive drinking.The programs remind uted says,“If you plan to celebrate with Robyn P.Forster students that their 21st birthday celebra- Substance Abuse Prevention/Education alcohol,please drink in moderation.We tion can be fun and exciting while still Coordinator want you to have fond memories of this being part of responsible adult decision Trinity University milestone and we want you to live to making.Some of the birthday cards provide Enrollment:2,581 celebrate your 22nd birthday,too!”The coupons for redemption of products,such Private,Four-Year Institution focus of this card is that birthdays are natu- as ice cream,pizza,or soda. Richard Reams,Ph.D. rally occurring and are opportunities for Staff Psychologist,Counseling At Boston University,students are the communication of caring.Thus,this and Career Services encouraged to make healthy choices for includes the linkage of two messages: Objectives: themselves.The message on the postcard Caring and safe celebration.The birthday •To encourage students turning 21 years of distributed to students when they turn card program reaches a wide range of age to make healthy,informed decisions 21 is,“If you choose to drink,please do so students,with at least one student per about the use of alcohol responsibly.”This message supports the day turning 21 on campus. •To promote support for positive,alcohol- fact that not all students choose to con- Evidence of success of these programs free activities sume alcohol on their 21st birthday. appears quite positive.Many students who •To discourage any alcohol use where Additional messages include:“Don’t suc- have received the cards have thanked the injury to self or others could occur cumb to peer pressure”;“Be confident staff and state that they enjoy the message •To reduce students’level of drinking dur- about your decision to be responsible”; as well as the complimentary food.In ing the celebration of their 21st birthday “Listen to your body”;“If you begin to addition,some programs show that the feel out of control,stop drinking”;and “If birthday card program helps to raise you’ve been drinking,do not get behind awareness and conversation about other the wheel.”Consistent with the Wellness related alcohol abuse prevention efforts, Center’s caring about students’well being, services,misperceptions and cultural the approach stresses that 21 year olds can norms.AtTrinity University,a follow-up be positive role models for younger stu- survey demonstrates that 15 percent of dents who look to them for social norms. respondents report that they reduced the The State University of New York at amount of alcohol they consumed from Cortland distributes a 21st birthday card what was originally intended as a result two days prior to a student’s birthday with of the greeting card that they received.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 67 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Harm Reduction for Alcohol-Related Problems Saint Leo University

Contact: driving while intoxicated,and regrets participants do not think they were Saint Leo University regarding behavior while intoxicated. being encouraged to alter their alcohol Enrollment:8,020 consumption. Private,Four-Year Institution During the week of classes prior to spring Christopher Cronin, Ph.D. break,students are asked to complete a Following the spring break,students com- Professor and Chair diary for the eight days of the break (from plete a survey for each day of the break Department of Psychology Saturday to Saturday).Students predict which indicates both the number of drinks Objectives: their alcohol consumption and the they consumed per day,as well as any neg- •To reduce alcohol-related problems frequency and type of alcohol-related ative consequences which occurred as a during a specific high-risk time period problems they expect to experience during result of their alcohol use.The negative •To engage students in an activity of the spring break.This intervention requires consequences incorporate a total of 20 predicting alcohol consumption,thereby less than 10 minutes and can be completed items including intoxication,hangover, reducing their use of alcohol in a large lecture hall with hundreds of physical fight,vomiting,passing out,need- students.The foundation of this approach ing assistance getting home,vandalism, Description: is that the intervention primes students’ and driving while impaired. Knowing that a significant percentage of memories regarding the negative conse- The results show that students who predict students increase their alcohol consump- quences of alcohol use,which then leads to the alcohol-related problems they expect tion during the college’s spring break, the reduction of alcohol-related problems. to experience during this time period “Harm Reduction for Alcohol-Related Further,asking students to predict the report significantly fewer alcohol-related Problems”was initiated.This brief interven- type and frequency of alcohol-related problems than did those students who did tion is used during high-risk periods.The problems they will experience in the future not predict the alcohol-related problems alcohol-related problems that students “reduces typical resistance among students they expected to experience. identify as occurring during these periods against an alcohol intervention.”Follow-up include verbal and physi c al fights ,ha n g o ver s , work with focus groups indicates that

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 68 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S “Know Your Numbers” Social Marketing Campaign University of Puget Sound

Contact: students living in residence halls,and positive,protective norms of the student University of Puget Sound freshmen.Current programming includes body.For example,most students (67 per- Enrollment:2,830 Private,Four-Year Institution a social norms-based social marketing cent) typically have four or fewer drinks campaign,a risk-reduction educational when they party; 80 percent did not miss Charee Boulter,Ph.D. Substance Abuse Prevention Program workshop for high risk students sanctioned class due to drinking;76 percent did not Coordinator through campus disciplinary procedures, drive after drinking;98 percent would sup- and peer education for Greek groups, port another student’s decision to call for Objectives: for residence halls,and during freshmen medical assistance in the case of alcohol •To promote the responsible,healthy orientation. poisoning;and 75 percent would call for attitudes and actions of the majority assistance if concerned a student may have of students The “Know Your Numbers”campaign is alcohol poisoning. •To increase student knowledge of appro- based on the results of the Core Survey on priate responses to cases of excessive Alcohol and Drug Use and the Campus Feedback on the “KnowYour Numbers” intoxication,acute alcohol poisoning,and Survey of Alcohol and Other Drug Norms, campaign is primarily positive.Students substance abuse/dependence which were administered using random indicate they appreciate that the approach •To decrease high risk consumption of mailings.The data is disseminated across addresses them as adults who make their alcohol and related negative outcomes campus in the form of posters,advertise- own choices and that there is acknowl- ments in the campus newspaper,and on edgement of positive student behaviors Description: the campus Web site.Students living in the and responsible decisions.The approach The social norms theory is the common residence halls are provided with an incen- has also sparked conversation on campus, thread that is integrated into the variety tive to hang the posters on their doors,as as some students are quick to reverse of primary and secondary prevention they have the opportunity to win a cash the presented statistics and focus on the efforts of the campus’comprehensive award if the poster is displayed and they problem.This provides an educational approach to drug and alcohol abuse can accurately respond to questions about opportunity to challenge the student body prevention.This overall campus initiative campus norms when a representative is and to increase the positive,protective targets the campus community,high risk present.Specific messages highlight the behaviors of the majority. students,members of Greek organizations,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 69 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Late Night at McLane Alfred University

Contacts: involve alcohol.Nearly every area of the The athletic building is currently open Alfred University athletic facility is used to offer “Late Night every weekend night from 10 p.m.until Enrollment:2,435 Private,Four-Year Institution at McLane”for all students,faculty and 2 a.m.The project was initially tested staff of the University.This program is on a small scale with only a few of the Jennifer George Coordinator,Alcohol and Other Drug targeted to students who choose to center’s facilities open. However,the Education Program abstain,who are underage,and who are positive feedback from students and use of Ken Hassler in recovery.It also attracts students over the facility,as well as detailed planning by Director of Intramurals the age of 21 who desire an alternative to staff and students,motivated increasing Objectives: drinking alcohol.In addition,fraternities the offerings. and sororities have used the facilities for •To offer alcohol-free activities during Program planners find that after the initial group building and rush activities. weekend nights start-up costs of board games and ping- •To promote health,wellness and healthy The main gymnasium offers volleyball, pong tables,the program is cost effective. lifestyles basketball,and soccer.The fitness center Many offices have helped to co-sponsor •To build community through physical remains open,and an additional station events and programs and members of activity and exercise is set up outside the center for Tae Bo the planning committee volunteer their workouts.Water games such as polo,bas- time to help staff the activities.Overall, Description: ketball,and volleyball are set up in the the project has been a great success. Alfred University is located in a remote pool.The main floor turns into a lounge Approximately 100 students attend on a rural area with limited healthy social environment with movies,board games, Friday night and 150 on a Saturday night activities for students on weekends.Every ping-pong,and card games available.A with even more students attending on Friday and Saturday night,the university food court is set up with free pizza and theme nights. transforms the athletic facility into a recre- soda.Theme nights are planned,including ational outlet for students who choose to games or movies such as “Jaws”projected engage in social activities that do not on the wall in the swimming area.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 70 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S “Most of Us”Social Marketing Campaign James Madison University

Contact: Campus-wide interventions include weekly throughout orientation activities.If the James Madison University ads in the campus newspaper,weekly “Duke Dough Patrol”spots a student wear- Enrollment:15,223 Public,Four-Year Institution messages on table tents in the dining halls, ing the button,the student receives a one and flyers on all campus busses.AWeb site dollar incentive. Susan Bruce contains copies of each flyer,process evalu- Assistant Director for Health Promotion The majority of the costs for the program ation results,copies of quantitative and are the printing,incentives,and media Objectives: qualitative tools,and information for design.Costs were reduced by using stu- •To correct misperceptions of peers’ freshman faculty advisors including a dent volunteers to design the campaign quantity and frequency of alcohol use discussion guide. and asking printers for a discount due to •To reduce the quantity and frequency of Students have been involved at all levels the educational nature of the project. alcohol use and negative consequences of implementation,including participation A full year of planning,data collection, among first-year students in quantitative data collection and focus media design,and market testing is Description: groups,design of flyers and photographs of recommended prior to full program Coordinated by the University’s Health students on campus.The flyers were pre- implementation. Center,Office of Substance Abuse Research, tested among incoming freshmen during Prior to the implementation of this social and Office of Residence Life,the “Most of summer orientation to evaluate message norms marketing campaign,the campus Us”social marketing campaign targets effectiveness and media design. did not have a cohesive prevention mes- alcohol use among first year residential Throughout the year,the “Duke Dough sage to address alcohol consumption. students.Its aim is to support healthy nor- Patrol,”members of the Health Center’s This campaign has raised awareness and mative behaviors among these students. peer education group,stop students in the generated conversation around the topic The initiative blends a campus-wide media dining hall and Commons area to see if of alcohol. campaign,residence hall-based interven- they know the information and the news- tion,and a research design. A quasi-experimental design is employed paper ad that day.Students who know in this project.Freshmen living in four of The first phase of this project was the col- the correct answer receive a dollar,while the freshmen-only residential halls are lection of quantitative data on first year students with incorrect answers receive a identified as the “treatment group”;four students’use of alcohol, perception of handbill with the correct information.In other freshmen-only residential halls are upper-class students’use,and media habits the implementation,each message is matched as comparison groups.Data col- (including usage,perceptions of credibility, printed on 1,200 flyers that are distributed lected includes changes in perceptions of and design preferences).Qualitative data in four residence halls; four other residence student alcohol use,changes in quantity was collected on student attitudes and halls do not receive these flyers.Students and frequency of alcohol use,self-reported behaviors concerning alcohol use,media are encouraged by their R.A.’s to put the incidents related to negative consequences, design,and message effectiveness. flyers on their doors.When the “Duke and alcohol-related violations of state and Dough Patrol”visits their residence hall, Using this data,positive social norms mes- local laws and campus policy.In addition, they can win a 10-minute telephone card sages were created.The campaign’s five process measures include the number of if the flyer is visible on their door.Each R.A. messages address student norms,quantity social marketing venues and mediums in the program implementation halls is and frequency of alcohol use,how to party used,the number of first year students given a set of flyers and additional posters safely,how to protect friends,and how to exposed to social marketing messages, to create bulletin boards for their hall to avoid blackouts.These messages are used and the number of students not exposed support the campaign message.Freshmen in flyers,newspaper ads,buttons,table to direct residence hall social marketing students also receive“Most of Us”buttons tents,bulletin boards,and a Web site. messages.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 71 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S National Alcohol Screening Day East Tennessee State University

Contact: interesting event with various incentives During the screening,individuals com- East Tennessee State University for participation. pleted a survey form,which reviewed their Enrollment:1,187 personal drinking behaviors.They then met Public,Four-Year Institution Letters were sent to fraternities,sororities, privately with a counselor to review and Dr.Gary Petiprin athletic teams and residence halls offering discuss the survey results.Each participant Director,Counseling Center a plaque for the group in each area with received a copy of “Safe Drinking the most participants.To qualify as a par- Objectives: Guidelines.”Further,if appropriate,individ- ticipant,individuals had to complete the •To reduce alcohol consumption and uals were referred for additional services. alcohol screening survey and meet individ- alcohol-related problems ually with a counselor to go over the Over 150 students came to the screening •To reach targeted populations with results of the survey.To encourage partici- event.Of those who met individually with information designed to affect pation,refreshments were provided and a counselor,approximately 50 percent were behavioral change door prizes donated from local merchants members of Greek organizations.Many of •To provide information to those were distributed.The door prizes included these students reported engaging in high concerned about others t-shirts,cups,magnets,candy,and frisbees risk drinking behaviors,including some stu- Description: with the campus program logo. dents who reported symptoms of alcohol National Alcohol Screening Day is an dependence.The opportunity to speak Throughout the week,an educational video annual event sponsored by the National individually with these students and raise “Voices of Experience”was shown twice Mental Illness Screening Project.The their awareness about potential risks is daily on the campus closed-circuit cable purpose of the event is to help identify viewed as a success.Further,the event television station.On the day of the event, individuals with current or potential alco- represented a successful collaboration television monitors in the student center hol-related problems.The campus drug and between various university departments showed alcohol education videos and com- alcohol prevention program chose to par- and organizations and community puters with the interactive CD-ROM pro- ticipate in this project but modified the merchants. gram Alcohol 101® were made publicly standard protocol in order to increase par- available.The Public Safety staff hosted a ticipation,particularly among students at table with drug and alcohol information greater risk for alcohol abuse.Campus and encouraged students to try their skill leaders decided to promote this as a fun, at walking a straight line while wearing a pair of Fatal Vision goggles.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 72 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Normative Assessment Survey for First-Year Students Fairfield University

Contact: Description: the following morning.These results are Fairfield University Arriving first-year students complete a presented to correct the misperceptions Enrollment:5,127 Private,Four-Year Institution normative assessment questionnaire on that students hold of others’drinking their first day on campus.Questions on patterns.The results are also discussed at Nancy Maitland Assistant to the Dean of Students the multiple choice survey include a parents weekend and are included in the self-assessment of their attitudes about newsletter to parents.The purpose is to Objectives: drinking,their perceptions of other stu- make parents aware that many of these •To clearly identify what students’alcohol dents’unspoken attitudes about drinking, behaviors began before the students usage patterns are prior to their settling how frequently they drink,how many arrived on campus. into college drinks they consume on average,and their This data collection process provides a •To adapt educational programs to meet perceptions of others’use of alcohol. vehicle for gathering insights about incom- the behaviors of students Additional questions include if their par- ing students’perspectives and alcohol use •To educate parents,as well as others on ents discussed the issues of drug and patterns.Results obtained demonstrate campus,regarding the current frequency alcohol use prior to their arrival on campus that many who receive the information, and quantity of alcohol use and if they believe their habits will change such as parents,are made aware of the during the upcoming months.Results of challenges for the University in addressing completed questionnaires are tabulated the issues.The largest impact has been the that evening and provided to students discussion that has occurred among stu- during the Student Services Presentation dents regarding the results.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 73 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S “NOT HERE” Spring Weekend Bryant College

Contact: often occur on Spring Weekend.“NOT Proclamation.This proclamation is Bryant College HERE,”originated by BACCHUS/GAMMA, designed to unite the student body to Enrollment:3,270 Private,Four-Year Institution was adapted for the college specific pro- prevent alcohol-related tragedies during gram.The program takes place in a large Spring Weekend and throughout the year. Doris Helmich, Ed.D. Assistant to the Vice President for open forum and includes a 20-minute Once the Proclamation is read,the students Student Affairs script,written by students,that depicts an are invited to sign a wall displaying their alcohol fatality,which could occur during support for the Proclamation.The wall also Objectives: Spring Weekend.The script uses familiar has stories of alcohol-related tragedies that •To encourage student leaders to unite language and campus specific culture to occurred throughout the year on college and lead the campus in a commitment create a feeling of familiarity with the campuses nationwide.This wall is located against alcohol-related deaths and audience.The author,who reads the script, in a visible campus area and remains intact tragedies during spring weekend is not visible by the audience. throughout the weekend. activities •To encourage peer educators and other Actors are chosen to portray the events Advertising for the event targets the entire student leaders to speak out and be rec- occurring in the script.These popular com- student body.It includes the campus news- ognized for making healthy decisions in munity members and leaders of campus paper,radio station,flyers in classrooms creating a safer campus organizations use props,and silently and residence halls,notices in commuter •To gain support from campus administra- portray what is occurring in the verbally student mailboxes,and sidewalk chalking tors and faculty for peer education, presented story.Props include desks,fun- in heavy traffic areas. nels,shot glasses,oregano,a telephone, alcohol abuse prevention,and other “NOT HERE”resulted in a Spring Weekend and a beach ball. After the program,a slide health services without any incidences of alcohol poison- show with popular campus music provides ing or deaths from the consumption of Description: information on specific effects of drug and alcohol.Although additional interventions The “NOT HERE”Spring Weekend is pre- alcohol use.This includes statistics on the were in place for the weekend,the pro- sented to students the week before the number of alcohol-related deaths and gram enhanced awareness regarding the formal Spring Weekend events begin.It is accidents occurring nationally. dangers of alcohol. designed to raise awareness about the After the slide show,the Vice President dangers related to heavy drinking,which for Student Affairs reads the “NOT HERE”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 74 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Off-Campus Southern Connecticut State Party Approvals University

Contact: the solution of supervising recognized Orientation for student organization presi- Southern Connecticut State organizations was identified. dents and treasurers is a mandatory event. University Training is also provided for advisors.When Enrollment:11,551 The new system of advisement and control organizations which are funded by the Public,Four-Year Institution was prepared for student organizations. University do not follow the University’s David A.Pedersen Every recognized student organization has Vice President for Student and guidelines,they risk losing recognition as a volunteer advisor who is a full time fac- University Affairs a student organization.Lesser penalties ulty or staff member.Every advisor must be include loss of fund raising privileges,pro- Objectives: appointed by the Dean of Student Affairs, bation,suspension,or loss of some portion •To provide better advisement and control and must sign an agreement to follow the of their funding.After implementation of for student organizations’off-campus guidelines for advisors and for student this process,advisors found that their work meetings,parties and other events organizations.In addition,all activities was made easier by the new system and •To reduce the amount of alcohol by recognized groups must involve the that their groups were more active than consumption and behavioral problems submission of an event registration signed ever before.The level of off-campus activi- in recognized student organizations by the student officer and the advisor. ties and excursions such as educational, •To promote student organizations Advisors attend all off-campus events cultural,and recreational events has and activities and activities. increased,while problems with group Description: This form,including information about the behavior have almost disappeared. Historically,the University campus had event,time,place,date and function,is In the preparation of this new student problems with student organizations submitted to the Dean of Student Affairs. organizational advisory system,meetings which had “drinking events”off campus. The event may not take place until the were held for organizational advisors and The related problems subsequently Dean has signed the form. Off-campus with officers of student organizations. appeared back on the campus.In addition, events are handled in the same manner Additional funding was created to provide freshmen were quickly drawn into undesir- except that contracts with restaurants greater support for student organizations. able behavior and alcohol consumption. and other agencies must be signed by Through realignment of staff responsibili- While the campus had provided a range the Dean or designee.Expenditures must ties,one staff member specializes in activi- of educational and preventive measures, always be requested in advance and ties,programming,development programs, programs,and services on campus,it lacked require the same series of signatures. budgets and supervision of groups. the control of groups engaged in off- Requests for off-campus events where campus activities.Through collaboration liquor is served require an additional form. with students,faculty and administrators,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 75 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alfred University Party Planning Fairfield University

Contacts: During the one-hour session,a townhouse three to four alcoholic drinks per over age Alfred University manager,who is also a peer,covers the person is then allowed,thereby determin- Enrollment:2,435 Private,Four-Year Institution party hosting regulations,rules to be fol- ing the amount of alcohol for the event. lowed during and following the party,host Jennifer George In addition, a“Social Management Policy” liability related to underage drinking,tips Coordinator,Alcohol and Other Drug has been developed to outline the terms Education Program on drinking safety,how to deal with an that involve third party vendors,registra- Daryl Conte intoxicated person,assessment of one’s tion for functions,types of functions, Assistant Dean of Students drinking habits,how to help a friend, Fairfield University bring your own beverage events,and the and resources for assistance.A brochure Enrollment:5,127 quantity that a person is allowed to bring. explains in greater detail what is expected Private,Four-Year Institution It also describes policy enforcement and from the hosts of the party.Students are Nancy Maitland sanctions,monitoring systems,and other Assistant to the Dean of Students informed that the townhouse manager on policies.To gain further credibility,this doc- duty the night of their party will check ument has been referenced in the constitu- Objectives: periodically to make sure that they are •To increase prevention education for stu- tion of the InterFraternity Council. Further, complying with all the rules.Publicity dents who are hosting parties on campus fraternity and sorority chapters who follow regarding the TAPS program is accom- •To increase the safety of parties while the Social Management Policy without plished through a letter outlining the allowing for more responsibility to be disciplinary sanctions may house students program and its scheduled dates. taken by upper-class students who have not yet completed their four •To encourage thorough and responsible At Alfred University,a large number of semesters on-campus living requirement planning of events at which alcohol is underage students attended off-campus through a “Greek release.”Other incentives served fraternity and sorority house parties,and include cash awards at the end of the year then returned to campus residence halls for house renovations and programs. Description: intoxicated.The new social events policy The Fairfield University TAPS program Programs have been developed to help stu- requires that Greek organizations hosting demonstrates success with the sharp dent organizations and informal groupings events involving alcohol must complete a decline in the number,size,and severity of students to host more responsible social self-examination.A social request checklist of judicial cases involving townhouses.At events.The rationale for these programs must be completed to ensure that the Alfred University,since the new policies was that it appeared that many parties group has seriously thought about and have been implemented,the number of taking place got out of control,as well as to thoroughly planned the event while con- police calls,as well as emergency transfers improve the health and safety of students. sidering any liability issues that may occur of students for alcohol overdose,have been from serving alcohol.The checklist At Fairfield University,the Taking the nearly non-existent from fraternity and addresses the number of expected guests, Alcohol Policy Seriously (TAPS) program sorority houses.There is also a clear fire occupancy standards,and ways to provides a formalized educational program decrease in the number of students ensure that no more than one drink is for upper-class students who host parties leaving a Greek function and returning served per hour to a person of legal age. in their condominium-style homes on to a residence hall in a disruptive and The organization representative and the campus.All townhouse residents must intoxicated manner. attend this hour-long session in order to Assistant Dean of Students calculate what be registered to host a party. percentage of students will be 21 and over at the event.For each of these individuals,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 76 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Party Smart George Mason University

Contact: Control Board.The agent discusses the pro- for hosting social events.In addition,they George Mason University cedures that the student hosts complied provide resources that student leaders Enrollment:24,180 Public,Four-Year Institution with and the procedures that the student can utilize for their membership.Members hosts did not follow.The procedures which are then given an inventory to rate how Nancy Schulte,M.S.W.A.C. Coordinator,Drug Education Services were not followed would put the chapter effective their chapter is in dealing with at risk and might potentially cause harm alcohol abuse issues. Objectives: for their members. The program is valued by the Greek •To provide leadership opportunities and This “mock college party”is followed by community as well as by the University experience for hosts of parties the University President discussing his administrators.The fact that the program •To promote greater ownership by responsibility to provide standards of is created by students for their peers fraternities and sororities to lower the learning which the campus community enhances its receptivity and success.The risk of alcohol abuse must respect.He also stresses the value of campus climate regarding Greek life has •To increase responsibility for proactive Greek leadership as a part of campus life. improved greatly based on feedback from planning and party hosting The President expresses his desire to pro- administrators,as well as from students Description: mote positive aspects of what the Greeks living in fraternity and sorority housing. The Party Smart program has a fraternity can do for the University.He states that he Individual student evaluations encourage or sorority host and plan a “mock college does not want to be in the position of call- the expansion of the program as well as party”with students from different frater- ing a parent due to the death of a student suggest incorporating friendly competition nities and sororities.During the staged because of alcohol poisoning. into hosting the event. party,a“raid”is conducted by an agent The campus coordinator and members of from the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage the student BACCHUS/GAMMA present tips

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 77 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer-Based Alcohol Misperception Program Bowling Green State University

Contact: appropriate and personalized program and health educator presents the policy and Bowling Green State University evaluation to provide on-going feedback. educational components.The expertise of Enrollment:19,333 Public,Four-Year Institution The program incorporates small group both allows for more insightful interpreta- survey and focus group research to tion of the impressionistic data obtained in Terry L. Rentner,Ph.D. Assistant Professor uncover and dispel misperceptions among focus group discussion.The data are used the high-risk peer groups of athletes,first- to lead discussions on the discrepancies Objectives: year students and members of Greek between real and perceived drinking pat- •To provide an alternative to traditional organizations. terns and behaviors.Students also discuss mass audience dissemination of alcohol- the influences the campus environment The Peer-Based Alcohol Misperception related information has on their own attitudes and behaviors. Program is designed to provide some of •To dispel misperceptions regarding alco- Information gained from focus group the skills needed for students to deal with hol use and behaviors among high-risk discussions allows campus administrators, alcohol issues.The program involves both groups through the use of interpersonal faculty and student organizations to quantitative and qualitative research communication techniques and social develop programming and alcohol-free methods that can be used in a variety of norms programming events for these high-risk groups as well settings.After high-risk groups have been •To utilize the peer-based alcohol misper- as for the campus at large. identified,formative evaluation is con- ception program to conduct further ducted to gather information on attitudes, The results gathered through this research research and evaluation on drinking behaviors,and perceptions of each group. program and the Core Survey demonstrate patterns and behaviors By using audience segmentation, reductions in alcohol use as the central Description: researchers can gain a greater understand- focus in the social lives of students,reduc- The Peer-Based Alcohol Misperception ing of peer groups and the influences that tion in the heavy drinking rate,reduction of Program is one component of a compre- are affecting their drinking patterns and students who experienced peer pressure to hensive program at the University.It is behaviors.This one-page survey asks about drink,and increases in disapproval of heavy the first university-funded program by members’own drinking patterns,those of drinking among peers.Overall,the gaps the state Department of Alcohol and Drug their group members,and those of the between the perceived norms and the true Addiction Services in which the University’s campus as a whole. norms are being corrected. health educator and a faculty member are After analyzing survey data about the pat- One of the strengths of the program is that leading the efforts of the comprehensive terns,perceptions,and behaviors of a par- it is interdisciplinary,requiring the collabo- program.Further,its uniqueness is based ticular peer group,a focus group discussion ration of a faculty researcher with expertise on the incorporation of theory and research is held to discuss the peer group’s survey in social marketing and communications to guide the development of the program. results and to dispel the misperceptions and the University health educator.This Finally,the program uses audience held by that group.The faculty researcher collaboration has allowed for tremendous segmentation,which allows for a more leads the focus group discussion and the institutional support.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 78 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Mentors International House San Francisco State University

Contact: States.Issues include homesickness,culture campus has also experienced problems San Francisco State University shock,and perceived norms to drink alco- with students from other countries where Enrollment:27,701 Public,Four-Year Institution hol and experiment with drugs.The peer the drinking age is significantly lower mentors work with both the international than that found in the United States. Michael Ritter Coordinator,Prevention Education students and the domestic roommate of International students need to understand Programs these students to assist them in under- the differences in the law and related standing these issues. safety issues found in American cities that Objectives: they may not have encountered in their •To promote a safe and healthy Many international students are away from home countries. environment for international students home for the first time and come from •To implement peer mentors as role countries where the culture and values The peer mentors act as mentors,role models vary greatly from those of urban America. models,and counselors.They also have •To reduce incidents of illegal and Often these students suffer from homesick- access to resources and referral informa- unhealthy alcohol consumption ness and “culture shock.”They are tion.Students who serve as peer mentors extremely vulnerable to people who have been trained in the already estab- Description: may take advantage of them,as well as to lished Peer Education Training Class.The The campus’International House pairs peer influence.Specifically,international Office of International Students,Residence international students with domestic students often perceive that a certain Life,and Prevention Education Programs students as roommates.A team of peer behavior such as the heavy use of alcohol provide additional training. mentors assists students from other coun- is the norm for American students.The tries to safely adjust to life in the United

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 79 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Points System Fairfield University

Contact: An example of the Points System is that a Posters are placed in every residence room Fairfield University first time offense for possession or use of on campus,including the town houses. Enrollment:5,127 Private,Four-Year Institution alcohol by underage students includes two During the summer orientation,each points and a $50 fine,a letter sent home to parent receives a poster,which is explained Nancy Maitland Assistant to the Dean of Students the parents,and an alcohol evaluation.The by the Dean of Students. student can eliminate or reduce their While the policy itself has not changed Objectives: points by attending an alcohol education drastically from the previous year,the stu- •To make the policy and sanctions visible class.If the student has reduced his/her dents reacted and familiarized themselves and understandable for students points,the sanctions for violation of the with the policies as if they were brand new •To educate other constituencies about the same policy a second time would be a and to be taken seriously.Since students use of alcohol and drugs by students letter home,and an alcohol evaluation.If had reported that they were unfamiliar the student has chosen not to reduce the Description: with the policies and the recommended points and is found in violation of the same The University’s Alcohol Policy for sanctions,this approach corrected the policy again,the sanctions increase to dis- Undergraduate Students has been trans- problem and made the policy and sanc- ciplinary probation,a letter home to the lated into a Points System.For each viola- tions very visible and understandable.This parents,10 hours of service,an alcohol tion of an alcohol policy,a student receives was consistent with the administration’s referral,and a $75 fine. a certain number of points.The accumula- view that it no longer wanted the percep- tion of points equals certain sanctions, The Points System has been illustrated on tion that the policy was hard to find within requirements,and potential losses. posters and is included in the student the Community Standards Handbook. handbook along with the written policy.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 80 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project 0-1-3 University of Michigan – Flint

Contact: older;and no more than three drinks during fall semester.The mentors are a University of Michigan – Flint consumed by anyone in one sitting.This social resource for freshmen and serve to Enrollment:6,524 Public,Four-Year Institution project was developed to provide incoming enhance the new students’adjustment to freshmen with opportunities to develop the collegiate environment.The mentor Mary Jo Sekelsky,Ed.D. Assistant Vice Chancellor for Student alcohol-free social networks. makes contact with the student within Services and Enrollment Management 2 weeks after an initial phone call. Recruitment of program participants is Objectives: incorporated into the freshmen orientation Educational and social programs are •To help students make a successful social program.Staff presents the program dur- offered for participants and their parents. transition from high school to college ing an alcohol awareness workshop and The program focuses on problems associ- •To begin the process of environmental distributes sign-up sheets to interested ated with heavy drinking,as well as change students.Those who express interest Alcohol-101®,an interactive CD-ROM •To reinforce the idea that underage receive a follow-up phone call along with designed to help students maintain safety drinking is not only illegal but also information about upcoming Project 0-1-3 and control in situations involving alcohol. events.Project 0-1-3 mentors also recruit harmful Overall,incoming freshmen and their par- students by calling those who attended •To provide incoming freshmen with ents view the project positively.They were freshmen orientation but did not formally opportunities to develop alcohol-free particularly pleased with the opportunity indicate an interest.Letters are also sent to social networks to raise the issue of heavy drinking in an incoming freshmen and to parents of these environment that encourages frank and Description: individuals introducing the program and open discussion. The emphasis of Project 0-1-3 is zero inviting their participation and support. consumption of alcohol for those who are Project 0-1-3 pairs incoming freshmen under age 21,pregnant,or on medication; with upper division student mentors one drink per hour for those age 21 and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 81 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Right Spirit United States Naval Academy

Contact: ingredient to having fun.Also,“The Right Command.A total of 37 Midshipmen serve United States Naval Academy Spirit”hosts an alcohol awareness week as Alcohol and Drug Education Officers Enrollment:4,056 Public,Four-Year Institution during which initiatives such as a (ADEOs).This allows individual no-drinking pledge,a mock arrest,a drunk- Midshipmen quick access to information LTjg Jay Tolley Alcohol and Drug Education Officer driving simulator,a guest speaker,and pertaining to alcohol use on topics such as other awareness-building approaches are personal health,assistance for a friend,and Objectives: used to encourage responsible decisions education.Finally,the Naval Academy •To eliminate some of the risks that about alcohol.The diverse and continuing keeps these programs on track by desig- alcohol can create effort is considered an effective deterrent nating one full-time officer as an ADEO. •To promote awareness of dangers to alcohol-related problems. This person’s sole responsibility is the over- associated with alcohol sight of the range of programs to keep the The Naval Academy also integrates a •To provide alternatives to alcohol ideas fresh and to provide the necessary four-year alcohol training plan into its •To provide Midshipmen with effective professional assistance to keep the pro- curriculum.Midshipmen receive training tools and training grams running.The ADEO also chairs an that is deemed most relevant at the given Alcohol Working Group that is led by the Description: stage of their development,matching an Commandant of Midshipmen. The United States Naval Academy provides age range from 17-24 years old.Over their a host of programs aimed at encouraging four years at the Naval Academy,the A variety of public awareness approaches responsible use of alcohol and discouraging Midshipmen are taught personal accounta- are used to publicize the program.These disruptive or abusive consumption of alco- bility,the importance of setting a proper include the campus newspaper,e-mail, hol.The Academy also assist those in trou- example,and the responsibilities that Web site,posters in the living spaces,flyers ble with the use of alcohol. The primary being a leader encompasses.They also on dining hall tables,daily announcements, approach is to address alcohol-related live under a set of clear regulations and motivational talks from various sports concerns from different angles in order that address alcohol in direct terms.For team captains. to improve the likelihood of success. example,drinking in the residence facility The evidence seen regarding the success where all midshipmen live is considered The newest and most dynamic effort is of the program is a heightened general a dismissal offense.The rules are made “The Right Spirit Campaign,”an extra- awareness by Midshipmen.Individual clear to Midshipmen,and they are held curricular activity targeted at promoting “Right Spirit”events are well received by accountable. responsible drinking.For example,during Midshipmen and officers. the fall football season,“The Right Spirit” Another effective means used by the Naval alcohol-free tailgate party is staged to Academy to control the damage drinking di s p el the notion that alcohol is a mandator y can cause is the Midshipmen Chain of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 82 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S RU SURE? Bingo Rutgers University

Contacts: Examples of game questions include “Does This approach was chosen because it relies Rutgers University your phone bill exceed $100?”or “Have you on peer interactions around discussions of Enrollment:35,308 Public,Four-Year Institution found yourself enjoying the food in the college alcohol use.Students were inte- dining hall?”Imbedded in the more grally involved in designing the activity. Linda Lederman, Ph.D. Director,Communication & Health Issues humorous questions are questions about Based on results of the pilot testing,it was Partnership for Education and Research drinking such as “Did you know that one clear that students preferred to discuss Lea P.Stewart,Ph.D. out of five students at Rutgers do not drink these issues with their peers and wanted Director,Communication & Health Issues when they go out?”and “Did you know an opportunity to interact socially. Partnership for Education and Research that two-thirds of Rutgers students drink Upon completion of the bingo game,each three or fewer drinks when they go out?” Objectives: participant is asked to complete a feedback •To decrease first-year student misper- The participants interact to find others who form.This form includes specific questions ceptions about dangerous drinking can answer “yes”to the questions in the about their experience playing the game as •To create a dialog among students about box.When they find someone who can, well as their knowledge of the realities of the realities of college drinking that person is to sign their name in the college drinking.Results from the feedback Description: box.The first person to obtain a signature form indicate that 80 percent of the partic- in every box shouts “RU SURE? Yes,three ipants are able to accurately report the per- RU SURE? Bingo is an interactive game or fewer”and is declared the winner of centage of students on campus who report targeted to first-year students living in the game. three or fewer drinks.Further,81 percent of the campus residence halls.The game is the participants are able to accurately implemented by peer educators and/or Prizes are given out for the winner and report the percentage of students who advanced students.While the program runner up of each game.Prizes include do not drink alcohol at all.The majority is designed to reach first-year students, t-shirts,pre-paid university debit cards, of students understand that the primary it also can be easily adapted to other and pens,all with alcohol-related mes- message of the game is to encourage populations. sages printed on them.Following the students not to drink dangerously. game,student facilitators begin a dialog The game consists of a board comprised of with the participants about the realities 25 squares (5 x 5) and game directions.In of college drinking. each of the squares is a question pert a i n i n g to common expe ri e n c es of first-year students .

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 83 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Services for Students in Recovery New York University

Contacts: for the resident assistants and building hall on-campus resources,such as the Office of New York University managers who are responsible for Drug and Alcohol Education,the University Enrollment:37,132 Private,Four-Year Institution Substance and Alcohol-Free Environment Counseling Service,Academic Advising,and (SAFE) housing. SAFE Floors; contact information for local Jane Bowman off-campus recovery programs;and infor- Manager The Office of Drug and Alcohol Education mation about nutrition,exercise,and Aurora Leute Matzkin,M.A. began to address the need for peer suppor t Coordinator spiritual resources on campus.The recovery through the Students In Recovery Network. Web page contains information on recov- Although many students in recovery Objectives: ery issues and is linked to the Office of •To promote an environment that is participate in 12-step programs in the Drug and Alcohol Education Web site.This supportive of students in recovery surrounding community,it is often difficult Web site includes much of the same infor- •To provide greater understanding of for students to identify other University mation that is included in the brochure,as recovery needs throughout the students in recovery.This network provides well as direct links to other helpful sites. University community peer support and information about on- •To provide greater institutional support to and off-campus resources.Members of The program has minimal costs,including contribute to continued positive health the network participate in periodic pro- a commitment of staff time,and nominal behavior change gramming and utilize an e-mail listserv for fees for training and printing supplies. sharing information.Both traditional and Low cost methods of publicity are used Description: returning students are involved with the for the project. In 1998,the University’s Office of Drug and network,including those who began their Students who participate in the network Alcohol Education initiated a program to recovery at the University,as well as those report that it is helpful to connect with assess and address the needs of students in who came to the University already in other students in recovery.In addition, recovery who face the difficult challenge of recovery. living on the SAFE floors report that it is a balancing school and recovery.Two areas of The Office of Drug and Alcohol Education supportive environment and that the resi- unmet need immediately emerged:sub- developed a specific pamphlet and Web dential life staff is more understanding of stance free housing and peer support.Due page for students in recovery.Distributed recovery than in the past.Feedback from to the misperceptions about recovery by widely on campus,the pamphlet addresses students in recovery at other institutions students and the residence life staff,the the challenge of balancing school and report that they wish their institution Office of Drug and Alcohol Education,in other responsibilities with recovery.The offered support services for them. cooperation with the Office of Residential pamphlet includes information about: Li f e,pr ovided special training about rec over y

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 84 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Shrinkrap Portland State University

Contacts: Description: Based on the success of this radio show,the Portland State University In an effort to raise visibility and provide two hosts were approached by the student Enrollment:16,041 Public,Four-Year Institution information to students who are not neces- newspaper to write a regular bi-weekly sarily seeking assistance,a multi-media column,the first regular feature ever Susan Platt Captein Coordinator,Alcohol & Drug Awareness out reach program called “Shrinkrap”was offered to faculty members.The Program developed and implemented by two social “Shrinkrap”column originally appeared as Tim Hagge workers employed at the University’s a regular feature in the college housing Outreach Coordinator Counseling and Psychological Services newspaper.Written in a “Dear Abby”for- Objectives: (CAPS).The goal was to be funny and mat,the column addresses timely issues entertaining while contributing to of concerns to students and strives to •To provide an opportunity for students students’knowledge and acceptance of normalize issues common to the student to assess personal drinking behaviors themselves and others. population in college housing,and to iden- •To reduce alcohol consumption and tify indicators that suggest that someone related alcohol problems The radio show airs at 6:00 p.m.during should seek more help.Further,the column •To reach targeted audiences with infor- “drive time”to engage the commuter helps to identify resources as well as enter- mation designed to move individuals students.Topics include a wide range of tain the reader. toward behavioral change mental health issues including alcohol •To help students to become aware of abuse,impaired professionals,the party An important benefit from “Shrinkrap”is indicators of problems and resources to stereotype within the Greek system,addic- the heightened visibility and involvement help those needing assistance tion and recovery,and other health topics. with the community beyond the campus. The format developed includes guest The radio program has developed a loyal authors promoting new books,visiting listening audience,which is evidenced celebrities and artists,local doctors with by the listener call-ins and listener mail specialized expertise,representatives from during pledge drives. students groups,faculty members,and student affairs professionals.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 85 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Six-Pack Project Radford University

Contact: that gives basic information about the uni- a result of an alcohol violation. Finally,the Radford University versity’s alcohol policy.This flyer states,“If flyer states,“This six-pack is safe for you – Enrollment:8,579 Public,Four-Year Institution you are under 21 years old,a six-pack of another kind can be unhealthy.”The avail- soda is the ONLY six-pack you are allowed ability of a 24-hour on-campus emergency Patrick Critzer,M.A. Assistant Director of Residential Life to have on campus.”The flyer follows with response team is highlighted,accessible by four statements.First,the flyer states “This dialing 911 or calling campus police,and Objectives: six-pack keeps you out of trouble - another should be used if it is suspected that an •To educate students about the campus kind is trouble.”The flyer indicates that the individual’s health is at risk due to alcohol alcohol policy in a non-threatening way university policy on drugs and alcohol are poisoning or other factors. •To provide parents with information described in the student handbook and The project cost is approximately $1,500, about the student alcohol policy students who violate these policies are or 50 cents per student.The sodas are pur- subject to judicial action and may be Description: chased at the university’s contract rate prosecuted under state criminal statutes. The Six-Pack Project was identified as a with the local distributor contributing Second,the flyer states,“This six-pack is passive way to educate students and their approximately 20 percent of the project FREE – another kind will cost you $100.” parents about the university’s alcohol through product donations.The Office of The elaboration is that policies require that policy.This approach emerged as a way of Residential Life handles the implementa- a student in violation of the alcohol policy letting students know about the alcohol tion of the project with minimal time attend educational seminars and will be policy so that they were better informed needed to distribute the sodas and related assessed $100 per seminar to cover the about its content and scope.This approach information. cost of educational materials and staffing. was also identified to gather the support The project’s success is derived primarily of parents regarding this policy. The third statement is “You don’t care if through conversations with students and your parents know you are drinking this With a focus on residential students, parents.Most parents are supportive of the six-pack.”This is explained by stating that especially first-year students,a six-pack of policy,and students have demonstrated a the University plans to notify parents or Coca-Cola is placed in each residence hall strong understanding of the consequences guardians of dependent freshmen students room prior to students’arrival on campus in of an alcohol policy violation. under the age of 21 who are placed on 20 the fall.A flyer is placed with each six-pack or more weeks of disciplinary probation as

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 86 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Small Group Norms – Challenging Intervention Washington State University

Contacts: the SGM’s focused approach would make Follow-up surveys,the fourth aspect of Washington State University the norms correction message more credi- the process,are conducted approximately Enrollment:20,799 Public,Four-Year Institution ble,and,in turn,more influential,with the 3 weeks and 15 weeks following each pres- student groups receiving the intervention. entation to determine the degree to which John A. Miller,M.S.,M.Ed. Co-Administrator,HWS-Wellness Programs Consequently,they implemented and the intervention has corrected students’ Jeanne M.Far,Ph.D. tested a five-step small group norms- misperceptions of the alcohol use norms of Co-Director,Project Culture Change challenging intervention using campus- their peers and decreased alcohol con- wide and group specific alcohol use sumption.In the fifth stage,focus groups Objectives: norms data. are conducted with randomly selected stu- •To correct misperceptions of student dents from each group that has received alcohol use norms among students in First,surveys were mailed to a random the intervention;the feedback assists in fraternities,sororities,and other member- sample of the general campus population fine-tuning the survey instrument and the ship or reference groups to gather data about students’alcohol intervention process. •To reduce alcohol abuse and related use attitudes and behaviors and their problems among students in fraternities, perceptions of their peers’attitudes and The Small Group Norms-Challenging sororities,and other membership or behaviors.Information about pro-social, Intervention has been shown to influence reference groups protective behaviors is also gathered.As behavior change among students in the second part of the process,target classrooms,student athletes,and students Description: groups are surveyed approximately 2 living in fraternities and sororities.In all Small Group Norms-Challenging weeks prior to receiving the intervention to cases,prevention researchers have demon- Intervention (SGM) was designed specifi- collect group-specific alcohol use attitude strated significant decreases in drinking cally to influence students belonging to and behavior data.During the third step, quantity (reductions of as much as one to groups traditionally considered to be at intervention delivery,the campus-wide two drinks per time) and increases in the high risk for alcohol abuse and related and group-specific norms data are pre- accuracy of students’perceptions (as much problems.To date,the SGM has targeted sented to the target group in a lively, as 60 percent) of the alcohol use norms of students in classrooms,student athletes, interactive format that takes approximately their peers.The SGM intervention is the and students living in fraternities,sororities 45 minutes.The intervention is facilitated foundation of a curriculum infusion project and residence halls.Campus-wide strate- by a respected student leader,peer currently being considered for campus- gies,such as social norms marketing,have educator or peer mentor who has received wide implementation. not been particularly effective in reducing specific training. alcohol consumption in these groups.The program’s designers initially believed that

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 87 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sobering Stories Joliet Junior College

Contact: “Sobering Stories”display.The concept was In conjunction with the “Sobering Stories” Joliet Junior College then adopted by the office of the state’s display,a Victim Impact Panel is offered. Enrollment:10,858 Public,Two-Year Institution Secretary of State and sent to other col- Survivors tell of the circumstances that leges and universities statewide to use led to the death of individuals from Pamela A. Dilday Coordinator of Student Activities during their alcohol awareness activities. alcohol-related crashes.A demonstration and Holistic Wellness of the Fatal Vision Goggles is also given to “Sobering Stories”is one component of simulate intoxication at 0.10 to 0.15 Blood the College’s Alcohol Awareness Month. Objectives: Alcohol Concentration.Field sobriety tests •To promote responsible choices by Photographs of people who lost their lives show how alcohol affects motor skills.The emphasizing the impact of choices on in alcohol-related automobile crashes had Creative Alcohol Reduction Education others’lives a profound impact. (C.A.R.E.) Carnival provides games which •To point out the facts,statistics,and true Since the college is a commuter institution center on alcohol-related topics,such as stories about alcohol’s effects serving a wide range of ages,it was impor- bozo buckets,and alcohol jeopardy. Description: tant to plan a program that addressed this Questions using statistics,effects,facts, diversity.Further,the selection of high traf- The “Sobering Stories”display was estab- and more were asked,with prizes being fic areas on campus is done so that individ- lished to visually illustrate the impact of given to game winners. uals could stop by on the way to classes. alcohol-related crashes.With the assistance Reactions by members of the campus com- Other activities,in addition to the of state agencies,requests were sent out munity to the “Sobering Stories”display are “Sobering Stories”display,occur during the statewide to victims requesting testimoni- positive.In addition,other campuses using lunch hour.Refreshments are offered to als and describing how they would be the display indicate to the state’s Secretary attract students. used.Once received,the testimonials of State that they,too,have favorable com- were typed,laminated,and placed on the ments regarding its use.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 88 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Stinger’s Coffee and Such Lynchburg College

Contacts: fulfill the desire of students to socialize in student was calculated to be less than four Lynchburg College an alcohol-free atmosphere,which is open dollars,which is minimal compared to the Enrollment:2,025 Private,Four-Year Institution late at night during the weekends. great benefits the campus has gained from the project.As time has gone on,the cost Brian Dietz,M.A. This coffeehouse uses space that was previ- per student has been reduced because Coordinator of Education and Prevention ously under-utilized.It is located in the Programs up-front costs have already been paid. basement of a college-owned house,which Hayward B.Guenard, M.Ed. contains administrative offices.Since the The coffeehouse is a tremendous success. Associate Dean of Students location needed improvements before it Planners initially felt that 20 students per Objectives: could serve as a coffeehouse,the planning night would make it successful;currently, •To promote alcohol-free activities for committee,comprised largely of students, attendance averages over 100 each night. students helped design the decor of the coffee- Contributing to its success is the active •To help alter the campus culture and house,find tables and chairs,and paint the involvement of students in the planning climate walls.During weekend nights (Thursday, and implementation of the coffeehouse. •To promote an opportunity for on-going Friday,Saturday,and Sunday),Stinger’s is Some of the marketing strategies included growth for students open from 9 p.m.until 1 a.m. Flavored the “Name the Coffeehouse Contest,” coffees and hot cocoa are available, which was used to publicize the coffee- Description: as well as simple snack foods. house.Many resident assistants use the Stinger’s Coffee and Such was designed to coffeehouse for programs,and other meet the requests of undergraduates at One of the ways the college gauges the clubs and organizations hold meetings the college.For several years,students effectiveness of campus programs is to in the coffeehouse,thereby increasing its asked for a place“where they can hang determine the cost per student for a given visibility.Further,Stinger’s hosts some open out”to socialize and enjoy each other’s program.This is done by dividing the total houses for faculty and staff as a way to company late at night.They wanted an cost of the program by the total number promote the location,and to thank those atmosphere which felt less institutional of students who attend.During the pilot who helped donate time,ideas,games and more cozy.The aim of Stinger’s is to period for the coffeehouse,the cost per and more.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 89 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Athletes Taking Active Responsible Roles University of Arizona

Contact: by the National Collegiate Athletic The S.T.A.R.R.committee is comprised of University of Arizona Association,the S.T.A.R.R. Program uses members of the Student-Athlete Advisory Enrollment:34,326 Public,Four-Year Institution the student athlete population to effect Board (SAAB) and the Peer Athletic Leaders change from the inside-out. (PAL) groups.In addition,individuals from Becky Bell Greek Life,Residence Life,and Health Director,C.A.T.S.Personal Development The premise of the approach is that Education are involved.Marketing strate- student athletes will actively seek opportu- Objectives: gies include posters,public service nities to model responsible,low-risk •To reduce heavy drinking by student announcements,orientation presentations, behaviors and advocate these choices to athletes curriculum infusion,Web site links,t-shirts, teammates and fellow student athletes. •To promote a more active and responsible program ads,visibility in the student- Being a role model means that an individ- role in behavioral issues by athletes athlete newsletter CAT CHAT,and other ual makes responsible choices about the •To promote change through leadership media opportunities. use or non-use of alcohol. Another found- from the inside-out ing principle for this program is that This approach was identified because of •To enhance confidence and self-esteem student athletes seek opportunities to the success of the social norming campaign thereby promoting responsible choices maintain a safe environment and take an at the university.The application of this to Description: active role in “spotting”each other.Finally, the student-athlete population was a logi- The S.T.A.R.R.(Student-Athletes Taking a key principle is that administrators and cal next step to addressing the problems Active Responsible Roles) Program takes a coaches will recognize and actively support associated with heavy drinking on the comprehensive approach in addressing student athletes that model this behavior. campus.Through education of student alcohol and other behavioral issues.Imple- By making courageous decisions that some athletes,there has been increased aware- menting social norming,peer education, times require strength of character,student ness and a promotion of more active and curriculum-based efforts (including athletes will be modeling the responsible responsible roles. orientation),and a leadership model used behavior that is being advocated.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 90 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Success Program Mercy College of Northwest Ohio

Contact: The primary initiative was the Student others that alcohol is not an essential part Mercy College of Northwest Ohio Success Center formed in 1998.The idea for of social events.Another initiative of Enrollment:209 Private,Two-Year Institution forming the Student Success Center came Student Success is providing services for from a needs assessment survey distrib- students who have personal needs or James L. Harter Dean of Student Affairs uted by the Student Senate.Students were issues regarding the misuse or abuse of asking for assistance with a variety of alcohol.Counseling referrals are made to Objectives: unmet needs and issues.Developed around local agencies,and students are also pro- •To promote personal wellness concepts the concept of personal wellness,the mis- vided with free counseling through the and healthy lifestyle choices among sion of the Center is to provide the services Employee Assistance Program.Finally,the students necessary for students to be successful college offers a two-semester credit class •To reduce the misuse and abuse of alcohol with their college and life endeavors.A on student success strategies.This class is among students range of services provides opportunities mandatory for all first-time college stu- •To stress the importance of being an for academic,social,personal and spiritual dents and students whose placement test optimal performer growth.The center provides a place to go scores indicate a need for remediation. Description: to find information,discuss ideas,do plan- Groups of students are assigned various ning,and get support. health-related topics to research and The Student Success Program was devel- present in a panel discussion format. oped around the philosophy of personal In addition,the Center provides a monthly wellness.The college firmly believes that a speaker series,which features a variety of Participation of students in the Student person who is healthy (mentally,physically, wellness programs for students,faculty, Success Program has been outstanding. and spiritually) will be more apt to make and staff.Local community resources are Student participation at various educa- appropriate lifestyle decisions.This multi- utilized for this brown bag lunch series.A tional,cultural,and social programs has faceted program was developed to pro- variety of educational,cultural,and social been high,and hundreds of students have mote healthy lifestyle choices,especially alcohol-free programs are offered as part used services provided through the in the area of alcohol use.The core of this of the Student Success initiatives.Planned Student Success Center. program is a clearly written and articulated social activities such as the annual policy on alcohol and drug abuse and Halloween Party,spring fling,and a bar- prevention.A series of initiatives resulted. beque with games,show students and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 91 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Prevention,Education, and Enforcement University of Central Florida

Contact: Education,and Enforcement Unit (SAPEE) program.The educational curriculum University of Central Florida was formed.SAPPE is a coalition between includes up to 48 hours of classroom Enrollment:31,472 Public,Four-Year Institution the University’s police,health resources participation,coupled with 100 hours center,and judicial affairs office,the local of community service.Aside from these Sergeant Gerald Emert Program Manager sheriff’s office,and several area merchants. strategies,SAPEE holds educational meet- University Police Department It also includes eight substance abuse ings with the University community, treatment providers in the region. including Greek organizations,residence Objectives: hall students,and students in off-campus •To give every student the tools they need The goal of this unit is to reduce recidivism apartment complexes.Students are to reach their educational and life goals by at least 20 percent over the first 4 years. assigned to community service by SAPEE. •To blend education and enforcement in The objective of the police department is The community service groups are agencies addressing potential drug and alcohol to identify students in need of educational in the substance abuse field. abuse problems intervention.This is done by combining two proven strategies:education,including During the period of SAPEE existence, Description: community service,and enforcement.The approximately 200 students have been Based on recent increases in DUI (Driving enforcement efforts identify students with involved and only three repeat offenders Under the Influence) and other alcohol- a potential substance abuse problem and have been identified. related problems,the campus police then refer them to judicial affairs. department believed that the traditional The University judicial officer refers individ- prevention messages were not working. uals to a mandatory SAPEE educational Thus,the Substance Abuse Prevention,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 92 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Tailgatin’with the Tigers Clemson University

Contact: Education Department and is designed to Advertising for the alcohol-free event was Clemson University provide an alternative to this social activity. done by placing weekly ads in the student Enrollment:16,982 newspaper;in addition,posters and flyers Public,Four-Year Institution “Tailgatin’with the Tigers”offers free live were placed around campus,with particu- Parvin Lewis music and a low-cost meal.The purpose is lar attention to the freshmen residence Director of Health Education to encourage freshman residents to attend halls.Weekly ads were also placed on the this alcohol-free social gathering instead of Objectives: campus cable network. tailgating with those who might drink •To reduce the amount of underage alcoholic beverages.At each of the home The location for the tailgating party is close drinking football games,a band and food from a to the freshmen residence halls,thereby •To offer social alternatives before,and local pizza store is made available;the encouraging their active participation in during,home football games pizza is sold for 25 cents a slice. this social gathering before and during the home football games.With each event,the Description: To plan the event,a coalition was formed This project evolves from the large tradi- number of attendees increased immensely. to oversee the preparation,implementa- tion of tailgating events that served alco- While the initial event required 300 flyers tion and progress of the project.This coali- hol prior to,and during,home football and large-scale advertising,by the third tion included students,staff,faculty,law games.Freshmen often attend these event flyers were no longer necessary as enforcement,and a representative from tailgating parties where they may be regular attendees were appearing,and County Commission Drug/Alcohol encouraged to drink.This program is people knew where it was and expected it. Prevention Service.Peer educators had a sponsored by the Parent’s Council,the large part in helping promote and manage State Department of Drug and Alcohol the event. Prevention,and the Campus Health

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 93 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S WVUp All Night West Virginia University

Contact: Although Up All Night is predominantly This initiative has created a “cool”recre- West Virginia University alcohol free,limited sale of beer for stu- ational place where students can belong, Enrollment:22,315 Public,Four-Year Institution dents of legal age occurs on site.Professors where they can easily meet new people, and educational speakers are included in and where alcohol is not the drawing card. Mary L. Collins Special Assistant to the Vice President the programming,especially on Thursday The results gathered during this initiative evenings.Student-to-student education show definite signs of the project’s success. Objectives: occurs through forums,game show Students are reported to be leaving the •To offer weekend entertainment as an formats,and panel discussions.To enhance bars earlier or not going there at all. They attractive alternative to nightclubs and the accessibility of the student union,the are going home quietly to the residence house parties University’s van service and busses provide halls,thanks to the midnight breakfast bar •To provide a place to gather with other free transportation to and from residence and other programming.While Up All Night students and build a sense of community halls and student apartments. has not been advertised as an alternative •To model responsible consumption of to drinking,student surveys often mention Up All Night offers an attractive on-campus alcohol that they appreciate an entertainment weekend alternative for students;Up All •To offer an alternative to activities and option other than bars and nightclubs. Night keeps students on campus and gives events which encourage alcohol abuse Statistics gathered by the University also them something to do.Initially,this was set show a reduction in alcohol-related arrests, Description: up after hearing from students and parents injuries and other related problems.For In response to concerns about alcohol that they would like to have more recre- example,student union beer sales have abuse on campus,the University has cre- ational options on weekends beyond going dropped 20 percent,DUIs are down 14 per- ated a weekend program called “WVUp All home or frequenting bars,nightclubs,or cent,and overall incidents on campus Night”which provides an attractive alter- house parties.Although the focus is on the during the first two weeks of the academic native to bars and nightclubs for students. traditional-age college student,the pro- year were down 37 percent. The program,which attracted thousands gram attracts undergraduate and graduate of students during the past academic year, students,on-campus and off-campus stu- The program planners believe that several provides free food,soft drinks and enter- dents,and males and females.The imple- aspects are essential to the success of this tainment in the student union on Thursday, mentation include the rescheduling and initiative.First,the availability of a range of Friday,and Saturday nights.Up All Night restructuring of resources through zero- activities is helpful. Second,free food is a also includes a midnight breakfast bar on based budgeting.Duplicate and inefficient major positive factor.Third,the program’s Friday and Saturday nights until 2 a.m.In programs are eliminated and new student- success continues to grow because the addition,study rooms with snacks,lectures centered priorities help promote offering University’s staff listens to what students and presentations,dances,concerts,bowl- what students want.In addition, corporate want.Fourth,the school took existing ing,comedy clubs,late night movies and sponsors have promised approximately programs and moved them into the interactive entertainment are provided. $50,000 in donations. weekend time slot.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 94 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies TECHNOLOGY

Technology is used to promote a higher level of interaction and ability for individuals to learn while maintaining some anonymity. involvement with students than is found otherwise.Often these This is found with requests for information or assistance using approaches can result in self-directed learning efforts as well as e-mail,particularly with the use of alias names.Parents,in particular, private,confidential learning processes.Students are able to engage find the technological approaches helpful and demonstrate their in learning and reflection activities in accordance with their own appreciation of the breadth of information made available to schedules and interests. students and themselves about campus policies,services,informa- tion and related resources. A range of technological approaches are found with different types of programs.These range from an interactive CD-ROM program,Web The leadership role often expected of colleges and universities is sites,Fatal Vision goggles,a slide show with music,and videotapes. evidenced within the technological approaches,as some communi- While not incorporating the full scope of technology available to ties and local schools increase their use of this type of resource colleges and universities,technology-based approaches use a wide assistance with their own local efforts.While evaluation for this variety of the elements of a comprehensive campus-based effort. series of approaches is limited,the overall reaction by students and administrators is that this is an emerging area for development Orientation activities which include both students and parents,judi- and implementation;based on the limitations currently found in cial sanctions,general educational approaches,and programming number,range and diversity of approaches using technology,many initiatives illustrate technology approaches.The ability to customize opportunities for growth now exist. content to fit a specific campus is seen as a helpful feature,as is the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 95 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Central Missouri State University ® Seton Hill College Alcohol 101 CD-ROM Virginia Wesleyan College

Contacts: date rape,drunk driving and other situa- The college staff began using Alcohol 101® Central Missouri State University tions,are presented.Students can enter bec ause many students wer e not motivated Enrollment:10,894 Public,Four-Year Institution information about themselves,including to engage in counseling following their weight and height,and go to a virtual bar arbitration process for drinking behavior. Jesus R. Castro Assistant Vice President for Student Affairs and see what happens to them and their The staff believes that engagement Seton Hill College friends during an evening of alcohol con- through an interactive format will result in Enrollment:830 sumption.Students are then presented a greater number of students making use Private,Four-Year Institution with a range of vignettes about drinking of counseling after they have completed Dr.Robin E.Illsley and asked to make decisions. the mandated portion. Plans are to have Director of Residence Life the Alc ohol 101® CD-ROM progr am avai l a b l e At Central Missouri State University,the Virginia Wesleyan College for use in academic classes as well as to Alcohol® 101 CD ROM is used with a range Enrollment:1,409 athletic groups,Greek organizations,and Private,Four-Year Institution of targeted students.Greek students were other “at-risk”populations.The overall aim Bill Brown,M.S.W. initially targeted followed by first year stu- is to increase the number of students havi n g Director,Student Counseling Services dents living in the residence halls,students access to the information necessary to involved in athletics,and new members make responsible decisions about alcohol. Objectives: joining Greek organizations.Over 1,300 •To provide information on the dangers students have attended the presentations Seton Hill College uses the program for of alcohol abuse that include volunteers from the student both educational purposes for residence •To encourage students to understand the affairs office as discussion facilitators. life staff and as a part of the disciplinary importance of responsible decisions sanction for student offenders. about alcohol use AtVirginia Wesleyan College,the Alcohol •To engage students in a constructive 101® CD ROM program is used with stu- Reactions to the Alcohol 101® CD-ROM are learning process dents who are referred to the Student positive.Some concerns are cited when it Counseling Services through the arbitration is a mandated sanction in a disciplinary Description: process because of alcohol-related infrac- case,but overall discussions concerning The Alcohol 101® CD-ROM is an interactive tions.These students are mandated to the Alcohol 101® CD-ROM demonstrate computerized alcohol education program complete the Alcohol 101® interactive pro- that it is viewed as a positive approach prepared by the University of Illinois at gram,which is presented in a group format with beneficial results.Students like the Urbana-Champaign in collaboration with in a specially equipped classroom or indi- fact that the program is not lecture-based The Century Council.It includes a range of vidually loaded onto the student’s personal but rather is interactive. information,vignettes,facts,and interac- computer.On completion of the program, tive activities for its users.The program follow-up counseling with staff is available focuses on making responsible decisions for motivated students. about alcohol.Vignettes on alcohol situations,including alcohol overdose,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 96 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Mount Wachusett Fatal Vision Goggles Community College

Contact: encourages participants to consider more involvement.The Student Senate provides Mount Wachusett Community responsible decisions regarding alcohol funding for the program while the Student College Enrollment:3,413 use.During the 2-hour period,a“Walk Senators participate and encourage others Public,Two-Year Institution the Line”program engages students who to attend.They initiated the “Walking the Ann McDonald participated in the test.The goggles are Line”activities with the fatal vision goggles Associate Dean of Students & Enrollment also used with students who participate in and help host the alcohol-free drinks and Services modified roadside sobriety tests.In addi- food at an adjacent table. tion,videotapes that were purchased with Objectives: Students and staff report their surprise at the goggles are played to describe the •To influence the decision-making process the level of impairment simulated with the injuries and costs associated with drunk regarding alcohol and driving goggles at the varying levels of alcohol and impaired driving. •To understand the importance of consumption.Numerous one-on-one responsible party hosting with During the “Walk the Line”program,a conversations with students are reported alcohol-free beverages party table is set up where participants between students and staff members. •To understand individual responsibility in can sample alcohol-free cocktails and Many students share their personal experi- monitoring and preventing others from snacks as well as obtain recipes for their ences about having driven while intoxi- driving while intoxicated use at home. cated or having friends leave parties under the influence of alcohol. Active discussion Because the institution has a large com- Description: ensues regarding offering alcohol-free As part of a program entitled “Raising muter student population,students alternatives to friends at parties,assigning Spirits - Halloween Party,”the college frequently host or attend parties in other designated drivers,and providing other offers two alcohol education programs apartments or homes.On occasion,parties alcohol-free alternatives. prior to a traditional party season for stu- have resulted in students driving while dents.Fatal Vision Goggles are used to intoxicated,which led to tragic accidents As an outcome of this program,the campus demonstrate the ways that an individual’s and injuries.Thus,it was deemed necessary security office receives requests from local vision is impaired by alcohol consumption. to promote the dangers associated cities and towns to provide similar commu- Through use of these goggles,the effects with drinking and driving,as well as nity or high school events.The program of alcohol on an individual are simulated. the importance of responsible hosting is being considered for replication with of social events. community groups and in shopping malls, Attendees at the program participate in a particularly prior to holiday seasons. “Walk the Line”exercise,which emphasizes The most significant aspect of preparing the consequences of impairment as well as this program is the student leadership

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 97 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Orientation Program for Students and Parents Loyola Marymount University

Contact: of the Core Alcohol and Drug Survey.Data An adaptation of this same content is pre- Loyola Marymount University collected through this process is immedi- sented for parents of first year students. Enrollment:7,305 Private,Four-Year Institution ately analyzed and organized into a The purpose is to prevent alcohol problems PowerPoint presentation that is given to by engaging parents in partnership with Debora Wilson,R.N.,M.P.H. Director,Student Health Services students the same afternoon.At this time, the University.The session includes offering data emphasizing the positive norms the brochure prepared by The Century Objectives: that students bring to campus is presented, Council entitled,“Parents,You Aren’t •To decrease alcohol-related problems as well as a segment from the Alcohol Done Yet.” and heavy drinking by incoming first-year 101® CD-ROM,illustrating the choices Many current trends in the prevention of students and opportunities for responsible alcohol problems are incorporated:positive •To promote positive norms on campus decision-making. norming,skill building,and information •To engage parents of first year students Students are provided an overview of their collection from incoming students.This as partners in the adaptation of students rights,such as “You have the right not to be unique blend is viewed as a helpful to campus insulted by intoxicated individuals.”They approach as feedback about the program •To foster discussion between parents are also given information regarding the was quite favorable from both students of first year students and their parents signs of alcohol poisoning.The presentation and parents.Further,the suggestion has about alcohol decisions and positive incorporates a musical slide show with 100 been made to increase attention to the norms pictures depicting university students parent program in future years. Description: engaging in a variety of alcohol-free activi- Students preparing to enroll at the ties.This answers the question “what do University attend a two-day orientation LMU students do besides drink?”and session.Early in the orientation program, demonstrates alternatives to alcohol use. students complete a short,adapted version

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 98 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Responsible Choices Seminar Kenyon College

Contact: includes attending a required seminar dis- student has approximately 5 minutes Kenyon College cussion and accessing a Web site prior to to present information gathered from Enrollment:1,574 Private,Four-Year Institution attending the seminar.When the student the Web. accesses the designated Web site,they are Doug Bazuin,M.A. The seminar continues with group facilita- provided with general educational ques- Area Coordinator for Upperclass Students tors processing the information.The discus- tions and information about alcohol and sion concludes with a review of the Objectives: the college’s alcohol policy.Students are college’s environment and ways in which •To educate first offenders regarding the also given numerous links to a range of each person can help to improve it. campus alcohol policy other sites on the Web that discuss alcohol •To reduce the likelihood that first offend- issues.The student is to review at least two The success of this program is described ers will have subsequent alcohol offenses of the eight listed sites,print materials by the positive comments received from •To promote personal understanding of from these sites,and bring the materials student participants.They appreciate the alcohol issues to the scheduled group seminar. opportunity to share their thoughts and ideas and also to prepare their own The group sessions are conducted every Description: research before attending the seminar;a Responsible Choices is part of the college’s two weeks with between 5 and 12 sense of ownership of the program is felt. on-going commitment to educating students participating.The emphasis of this students about alcohol and its effects;the session is a discussion about alcohol and Preparation of this program was relatively program blends individualized administra- the student’s behavior and responsibility;it easy;it took approximately an hour to tive hearings,an internet Web site review, is not a time to complain about how their design the Web site and set up the system and group discussion. situations were handled.The discussion and several hours to research several Web focuses on the positive outcomes of sites for links. When a student is found guilty of violating responsible choices about alcohol.The the college’s alcohol policy for the first group shares the information they found time,they are given an assignment at an as a result of their Web research;each administrative hearing.The assignment

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 99 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Videotape for Student Audiences Colorado State University

Contact: why students would choose not to drink. consequences of alcohol use,unless that Colorado State University After receiving feedback from other happened to someone the students knew Enrollment:22,782 Public,Four-Year Institution colleges and students that the video was on their own college campus,it was hard to “outdated,” “preachy,”and “unrealistic relate to.In addition,students asked staff Pam McCracken Director,Center for Drug and Alcohol for the college population,”a new video to put students in the video who could Education was produced. openly discuss their perspectives around drinking,who were“real”and could speak Within this context,a video was produced Objectives: from real life experiences,and to“find •To correct misperceptions of campus titled “A Straight Shot ...A Real Look at students that represented the feel of a alcohol use College Drinking.”The video was designed college campus.” •To promote messages of moderation and to reach freshmen during first year courses, responsible decisions and as a tool to generate discussion about Fifteen students were recruited to be inter- •To provide students who choose to not college drinking with the general student viewed and filmed for the new video.They use alcohol with reasons for maintaining population. represented a wide range of alcohol use by students on college campuses.Students that decision Students were recruited to participate in volunteered either through reading an ad focus groups to generate feedback on how Description: in the campus newspaper,through word of to best present a realistic view of college Within the context of the University’s mouth,by reading flyers posted a the drinking in a video.Groups were asked to comprehensive program,a wide range of student center or health center,and by compare the “To Drink or Not to Drink” services and new efforts are offered.Based Residence Advisors.Interviews with stu- video and another nationally produced on the themes of prevention,intervention, dents lasted a minimum of one hour in a video on college drinking in order to learn and harm reduction,the new activities and casual,informal environment off campus how to best present the message that the approaches are offered to the campus as at local bars and restaurants. Center was trying to get across.The groups part of a community collaboration.The were made up of freshmen, Residence A local video company was recruited to do program’s foundation is that alcohol Advisors,hall directors,and students from the filming,editing,and musical score.The awareness is truly effective only when a other organizations across campus. project took nearly a year to complete.The variety of learning styles and approaches Students advised staff not to use scare cost for the production,including the music are incorporated. tactics and footage of situations such score,was less than $7,000. Funds were Several years ago,the Center for Drug and as drinking and driving fatalities.They generated through the services offered at Alcohol Education produced a video titled commented that although footage of the Center for Drug and Alcohol Education, “To Drink or Not to Drin k ”examining rea s o n s these situations could exemplify negative and through other financial sources.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 100 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S San Francisco State University The Catholic University of America University of Massachusetts – Web Pages Boston

Contacts: facts,effects on behavior,risks,and how to some segments of the student population San Francisco State University help yourself and others.Students have the were not being served by the Peer Enrollment:27,701 Public,Four-Year Institution opportunity to e-mail the office under an Education Booth.For some students,cul- alias if they need assistance or have ques- tural or religious backgrounds,and fear Michael Ritter Coordinator,Prevention Education tions they do not wish to communicate. that members of their community might Programs An additional benefit is that parents can see them,led them to be hesitant about The Catholic University of America access the Web to identify resources that using the more public resource. Enrollment:5,597 could be helpful to their sons or daughters. Private,Four-Year Institution Costs for managing all three of these sites At the University of Massachusetts – are relatively minimal.They were estab- Kelly L. DeSenti,M.S. Assistant Dean of Students Boston,the Web site includes program lished with ready-to-use software pro- Director of Wellness Programs information for students,faculty and grams.Also,Web time and computer time University of Massachusetts – staff,including a description of programs are provided by the institutions.At San Boston and services as well as relevant links. Francisco State University,the costs are Enrollment:12,923 Information is provided about alcohol, minimal and restricted to advertising Public,Four-Year Institution family issues and related resources.The site flyers and a small stipend for a student Linda J. Jorgensen also contains information about the cam- Web technician. Coordinator pus P.R.I.D.E.program,as well as prevention Advertising of these sites is done through a and treatment resources. Objectives: range of approaches.At the University of •To facilitate better communication San Francisco State Peer Educators have Massachusetts – Boston,all campus mail- with students created an interactive Web site called WEB ings,targeted mailings to student groups, •To provide accurate information on PEERS.The site includes information about signs on buses,and posters around campus alcohol and related issues and resources alcohol and drugs,HIV/STD prevention,club promote use of the Web site.Information to students drugs,dating,and links to other prevention about the program is also included in other •To access materials in an easy and and health related sites both on and off University publications.At San Francisco private manner campus.Students can send in questions, State University,the Web site is included in Description: anonymously,which are answered by the all relevant resource materials and a book- Three universities have developed Web Peer Educators with backup from profes- mark with a Web address is distributed sites and Web pages with a specific focus sionals in Counseling and Psychological widely to students. Services’Prevention Education Programs on providing information and resources to Results appear quite supportive.Students and the Student Health Services.The WEB students,faculty and staff.Each of these have e-mailed concerns for others and PEERS is linked to other campus prevention models has modest differences that inquiries for themselves regarding Web sites and is included in many campus address the uniqueness of the particular resources on personal alcohol issues,while resource guides. student populations. parents have commented on their appreci- The Catholic University of America’sWeb The interactive Web site was implemented ation for the accessible information. page provides specific information on its following a series of student-led focus Web site on the following topics:alcohol groups.The focus groups revealed that

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 101 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 102 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies COMMUNITY

Efforts to address college student drinking are often handled beyond Community approaches range from campus and community collabo- the traditional borders and “ivy walls”of the college campus;these ration to membership of college professionals on a local task force.In efforts engage the community immediately surrounding the college some situations,the community co-sponsors events or processes.In campus through a variety of approaches and implementation strate- other regions,the campus judicial system handles student incidents gies.Individuals in groups represented in a community-based effort which occur off campus.Further,other approaches engage college include community associations;establishments or outlets which sell personnel with local high school students and staff. or disperse alcohol;city,county,and campus police;judicial affairs; A wide range of strategies are used with community affairs,includ- and state liquor control boards.Others occasionally involved include ing the distribution of pamphlets and door hangers,fliers,the use of the U.S.Forest Service,Departments of Game and Inland Fisheries, Fatal Vision goggles,the Alcohol 101® CD-ROM,the distribution and and convention and visitors’bureaus. discussion of the “Parents,You’re Not Done Yet”brochure,and an Community approaches address quality of life issues,which are awareness fair.Some campuses and communities have conducted often related to problems such as violence,trash,litter,and noise. community-wide forums,seminars,workshops,contests,and Considered among the desired outcomes with community-focused training.Beyond this,a wide range of educational approaches has efforts are quality of life standards of behavior,common language, been incorporated. knowledge base,and more effective solutions.An increased aware- The community-college partnership or the college-community ness of others,particularly regarding viewing individual students partnership is designed to help improve the quality of life for the on more of an individual basis,is often the result of these efforts. campus,as well as the surrounding community.Through under- Additional outcomes include agreements such as a tavernowners’ standing the shared responsibilities and shared interests that repre- advertising agreement. sent both of these groups,elements of civility,collaboration,and healthy living are promoted.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 103 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S 101 Things To Do In Boston Boston University

Contact: is a proactive measure for students who under 21.Further information addresses Boston University may cite boredom or the lack of something alcohol poisoning,drunk driving,and Enrollment:29,131 Private,Four-Year Institution else to do as reasons for drinking alcohol. potential negative consequences from others’drinking.The introduction states, Carolyn L. Norris,M.A. Undergraduate student employees of the “Boston is an exciting city and there are Director,Boston University Wellness Center Wellness Center generated the majority endless opportunities for alcohol-free of the suggestions included on the list. Objectives: fun.On the following pages,we have come The target audience includes University •To offer students a wide range of alcohol- up with 101 possibilities!”A range of students who live on or off campus.The free activities on campus and in the city opportunities including historical, recre- booklet is also helpful to students who are •To promote accessible,affordable,and ational,artistic,tourist,entertainment, new to the area and unsure of what the fun activities cultural,nutritional,and collegial activities University and city offer.The staff felt it •To encourage students to identify are listed. was important to reach out to as many alternatives to drinking students as possible with this publication Students are encouraged to provide com- Description: in order to encourage healthy alternatives ments about those things that they have The campus Wellness Center provides pre- to drinking.This project is funded by a tried,as well as suggestions to include on ventive health and wellness education to Governor’s Highway Safety Bureau other lists.Currently,the Wellness Center is the University and the surrounding com- grant that was awarded to the campus planning to publish “101 More Things To Do munity.The idea for preparing a resource Wellness Center. In Boston.” on ways of having fun without alcohol was The specific content of “101 Things To Do In Student feedback about this publication generated by the University’s Substance Boston”includes a range of information on has been very positive.Students have Abuse Task Force.The Wellness Center alcohol issues.It begins with a statement stated that they tried the activities on the initiated this project to encourage alcohol- about the legal drinking age of 21 in the list and some say they want to try all 101 free fun,and to showcase the many oppor- state,as well as the consequences for those during their time at the University. tunities in the city for healthy,fun activities who purchase or serve alcohol to those that do not cost a lot of money.This project

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 104 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Addressing Off-Campus Student Misconduct Ohio University

Contact: misconduct.Students with prior University the campus.This had the unintended effect Ohio University judicial records convicted of misdemeanor of creating occasional tension between the Enrollment:27,913 Public,Four-Year Institution alcohol and non-alcohol related offenses University and the greater city community. occurring off campus are charged formally Richard G.Carpinelli Currently,students disciplined for off- with offenses of the University’s Student Assistant Vice President for Student Affairs campus student misconduct are provided Code of Conduct.Students without the same level of due process and are held Objectives: University judicial records convicted of the to the same standards as those disciplined •To teach community responsibility within same offenses are sent notices informing for misconduct on the University campus. the context of pursuing the goals of the them of the University’s awareness of the Discipline is applied within the context of University conviction and warning them that subse- teaching community responsibility with •To enhance the University’s ability to quent violations will result in formal the pursuit of the goals of the University reinforce the need for students to University judicial action. Convictions for as the ultimate goal. maintain appropriate community conduct felonies occurring off-campus are also •To reduce the incidents of negative routinely reviewed by University Judiciaries Costs associated with tracking off-campus student behavior off-campus and result in formal University judicial misconduct are minimal.To date this effort •To reduce the negative impact that such charges when the offense “interferes has been coordinated by a senior intern in misconduct has on the University and the with the University’s exercise of its educa- the Sociology/Criminology Program or larger city community tional objectives or responsibilities to Master’s Degree student from the College Description: its members.” Student Personnel Program. The effort to address off-campus student Prior to the adoption of this practice,the It appears that the University’s consistent misconduct is designed to reduce the inci- University’s approach to the problem of review of off-campus student misconduct dents of high risk drinking and to curtail off-campus student misconduct was spo- has been beneficial.Linkages with the local large-scale student disturbances in the radic and often resulted in the University law enforcement community have been area surrounding the University.The responding only to high-profile incidents. strengthened and the rate of recidivism University Judiciaries adopted the practice Further,the University’s sporadic rate of among students who have been disciplined of routinely reviewing and formally response did little to communicate stu- for off-campus student misconduct addressing incidents of off-campus student dents’responsibility for their conduct off appears relatively low.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 105 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus-Community Coalition Western Washington University

Contact: Coalition’s mission is to promote collabora- alcohol norms and strategies for handling Western Washington University tive and cooperative relationships. an alcohol emergency to over 1,000 stu- Enrollment:11,887 Public,Four-Year Institution Community groups represented on the dent residences.This is followed by the dis- coalition include neighborhood associa- tribution of a “Rights and Responsibilities” Patricia Fabiano,Ph.D. Program Director of Prevention & Wellness tions,property management firms,the pamphlet providing information on city Services Police Department Party Patrol,city council ordinances and laws,resource phone members,the Liquor Control Board,and numbers,and tips for living within the Objectives: local bars and convenience stores. community.Other projects undertaken by •To collaborate with the city to address the Coalition are developing a social host alcohol problems affecting the The primary mission of the Coalition is to training program for landlords;creating University’s students establish effective working relationships relationships with owners and managers of •To nurture peaceful relationships among with open communication between key local bars,grocery stores,and convenience students,community members,and law campus and community representatives stores;and writing grant proposals for enforcement agents in neighborhoods involved in addressing alcohol problems supplementary funds and projects. adjacent to campus and related issues.By recruiting represen- •To reach students living off-campus for tatives with knowledge,experience and/or A coalition has also established a relation- whom excessive alcohol use and its authority to address campus/community ship with the city municipal court.For consequences are issues problems,more effective solutions solving example,all university students who are •To decrease student alcohol abuse off-campus alcohol abuse and related offered a deferred prosecution for alcohol problems should be found.Participation is and drug related infractions are automati- Description: also encouraged from off-campus students cally required to attend the University’s The Campus-Community Coalition is a who consider themselves drinkers and Alcohol and Drug Assessment and Risk newly formed partnership between the want to represent that population in the Reduction Services,ensuring that they are University and the city.Comprised of decision-making process. well integrated in student support services. University students and staff,as well as The Coalition generates and distributes representatives from the region,the doorknockers containing information about

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 106 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Community Sponsored Seminars College of West Virginia

Contact: During the fall semester,police officers alcohol and in learning more about how to College of West Virginia from the local police department conduct combat this disease.Attention is paid to Enrollment:2,066 Private,Four-Year Institution seminars on alcohol and the law;the pres- the long-term mental and physical effects entation includes information about how of alcohol and characteristics of the disease Susan J. McCarthy Associate Director of Student Services alcohol affects the human body,what it of alcoholism.Information on how to do an means to be legally drunk and information intervention,how to refer someone to Objectives: about drinking and driving.Road sobriety treatment,and what treatment programs •To raise awareness about alcohol abuse tests are demonstrated and a virtual real- are like is presented.Anecdotal stories •To promote healthy living and healthy ity-type device is used to simulate drunk- about clients are used to promote the par- choices enness at different blood alcohol levels;a ticipants’understanding of the issues.This •To encourage students to become significant amount of time for experimen- program is targeted primarily to individu- responsible for their actions and tation with the simulation device and als for whom alcohol has been a negative behaviors questions is provided.The target for this factor in their lives,either from their own Description: session is traditional-aged students who use or that of a friend or loved one. are making crucial decisions about whether The partnership between the campus and The program’s success is documented by or not to drink. community emphasizes the involvement of the nature of the dialogue encountered local specialty agencies and offices with During the spring semester,addictions during the sessions,including quality on-campus activities.Based on the history counselors from the local mental health interaction during the presentations and of the college as a community college,the council present a 2-hour seminar to explain discussions about what has been learned. priority given to community agencies to the effects of alcohol addiction and treat- Students and facilitators report the ease help assist students is maintained in part ment services.The seminar is designed to with which students confide in and learn through this programmatic initiative. aid people in learning more about assess- from these community representatives ing what are healthy and unhealthy uses of about alcohol-related issues.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 107 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Enforcement Coalition on College Age Drinking Radford University

Contact: to this coalition included:encouraging the (3) Pursue grant funding to provide Radford University University community to work with the adequate enforcement personnel in Enrollment:8,579 Public,Four-Year Institution local community;local law enforcement, all jurisdictions. campus police,and the ABC Board working (4) Work cooperatively with school Debbie Curl-Nagy Substance Abuse & Sexual Assault collaboratively to enforce laws;and the resource officers,Office on Youth,and Coordinator development of a written plan of action other juvenile resources to increase to clarify operational issues.The coalition in ter ven tion in middle and high school s . Objectives: determined that it should address both (5) Develop a marketing strategy to •To reduce negative consequences on-campus and off-campus issues and publicize activities. associated with college age drinking focus on both underage and heavy drink- •To promote collaboration with involved The coalition has been successful in bring- ing.Implementation of the coalition’s activ- jurisdictions and stakeholders ing the various jurisdictions together to ities is supported by two $5,000 grants discuss problems and solutions related to from the state ABC.In addition,all agencies Description: enforcement of alcohol laws.This achieve- involved provide in-kind resources. The New River Valley Enforcement Coalition ment of working together on a multi- on College Age Drinking,initiated through During its first year,the coalition developed jurisdictional task force is significant.The a grant from the state Department of an action plan and coalition members par- information shared among the coalition Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC),is com- ticipated in a goal-setting seminar to initi- members has benefited the communities prised of law enforcement representatives ate the elements of the action plan. The by helping to identify problem areas and and health educators from three colleges, plan outlines five activities for pursuit by bring about methods for change.Coalition city and county representatives,the state the coalition: members believe the project to be success- ABC,the U.S.Forest Service,and the ful;evidence of this is supported by the (1) Increase landlords’/property owners’ Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. strong attendance at meetings.The efforts awareness of negative consequences The mission of the coalition is to reduce of the coalition are reported to various that may be associated with college the negative consequences associated with University and local committees,as well student drinking. college age drinking through enforcement, as to the state’s Attorney General.The (2) Coordinate and pursue vigorous education,and proactive intervention. most important,but perhaps the most enforcement in all affected jurisdictions difficult,task is to get the parties involved This coalition was the result of recommen- through the formation of an area-wide to“buy in”to the idea that working dations made by the state Attorney alcohol task force. General’s Task Force on Drinking by College together will benefit them individually Students.Three recommendations relevant as well as collaboratively.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 108 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Forum on Alcohol State University of NewYork College and Drug Prevention at Oneonta

Contact: The University initiated and hosted a school students in the region.The five State University of NewYork community-wide Forum for community initiatives are: College at Oneonta Enrollment:5,412 high school and college stakeholders.The (1) Enhancing Enforcement Public,Four-Year Institution purpose was to discuss concerns about (2) Cooperating Tavern Model and Keg Dale Capristo underage drinking,heavy drinking,alterna- Registration Student Development Associate tive youth activities,and student safety (3) Media and Public Relations Regarding issues.The program was designed to Social Norms and Communicating Objectives: encourage colleges,schools,students, Expectations •To engage a broad spectrum of the and the community to work together to (4) Student Involvement in Policy Change community in prevention reduce negative alcohol- and drug-related (5) Mentoring Issues Concerning Social •To address initiatives which can impact behaviors. Norms in the High Schools and Colleges on drug and alcohol issues •To provide a common language and One hundred concerned individuals were Community and college initiatives resulting knowledge base for the community brought together by the community from the Forum include:TIPS training for •To gain consensus on primary initiatives coalition,including students and top-level the town’s tavern owners and employees; a to be undertaken within the local administrators from three area colleges, mayor’s youth task force for planning local community community leaders,school district activities;a grant received to address issues representatives,and business and tavern of underage drinking;and college athlete Description: owners.They shared ideas about prevent- mentors working with at-risk youth in a To meet the objective of a common lan- ing drug and alcohol abuse and developing local middle school. guage and knowledge base,an educational alternative youth activities.The partici- These specific activities were established component was proposed.Specific atten- pants also brainstormed about ways to as a result of the evaluations received from tion was directed to the environmental educate others regarding the actual the community-wide Forum.The Forum management approach,liability issues,and drinking norms in the town. was successful because it initiated the local the risk and protection model. In addition,the participants collaborated planning process that has resulted in train- on five initiatives that have the potential to ing,task forces and mentoring. have an impact on the college and high

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 109 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University at Albany, Fourteen-Point Plan State University of New York

Contact: and providing guidelines on expected Don’t Know Can Get You Into Trouble Off University at Albany, behavior.”The committee meets through- Campus.”This flyer outlines various ordi- State University of New York Enrollment:16,900 out the summer to prepare a planned nances and laws of importance to students. Public,Four-Year Institution approach,which includes fourteen distinct Other approaches include attendance by Thomas L. Gebhardt st r ategies that rep re s e n t the “1 4 - Po i n t Pla n . ” the campus and city police at an informa- Director of Personal Safety and tion table in the freshman quadrangle,at During the first few weeks of the academic Off-Campus Affairs which time information is disseminated term,door tags and information packets about altered and fake IDs and local laws Objectives: are distributed in residential areas adjacent and ordinances.The issue of “bar crawls” •To inform students of guidelines and to the campus.One door tag is entitled, is addressed at the annual meeting with expected off-campus behavior,including “Having a house party? Don’t add getting tavernowners and off-premise retailers, city ordinances and penalties arrested to your checklist!”This door tag and at the annual meeting of presidents of •To help make the off-campus itemizes laws about open containers,as Greek letter organizations at the University. environment safer and more secure well as aspects of the state’s Alcohol Additional approaches include an increased •To reduce the misuse and abuse of alcohol Beverage Control Law pertaining to house presence by the city police in student by students off-campus parties.The door hanger states,“It is your neighborhoods,a letter to the editor from responsibility to stay in control of yourself the Chief of the city police department and Description: and your guests!”The third door tag,which The Committee on University and the chairperson of the Committee on addresses tenant responsibilities and qual- Community Relations,formed in 1990, University and Community Relations,an ity of life issues,is entitled “Did you know?” meets to address off-campus behavior. advertising campaign,and a meeting with In addition,packets are distributed which Specifically,the committee addresses a land owners. contain information about safety and recommendation from the report of the behavior off campus,a student calendar, Evidence of success is demonstrated by the Task Force on University and Community and important off-campus information and fact that driving while intoxicated arrests Relations,which created this committee. telephone numbers. are down 67 percent,alcohol-related The report stated that,“The University arrests are down 53 percent,and posses- and City should create visual images for Other aspects of the 14-Point Plan include a sion of a forged license arrests are down students upon their arrival back into the flyer distributed to residence hall students 50 percent,all within a 2-year period. community,such as posters and flyers by resident assistants entitled “Off-Campus containing City Ordinances and Penalties, Guide for On-Campus Students or WhatYou

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 110 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of Maryland – Good Neighbor Program Baltimore County

Contact: level of off-campus neighbors about stu- the alcohol and where it was purchased. University of Maryland – dent alcohol-related behaviors that are not As a follow-up,the campus police monitor Baltimore County Enrollment:10,265 acceptable to the community. future point of sales to determine if under- age students from the University are Public,Four-Year Institution When off-campus housing locations are purchasing alcohol at that location. John P.Cook,Jr. identified where alcohol-related behavior Chief of Police has presented real or perceived problems An additional benefit of this proactive Objectives: to the local community,a representative of approach is the UMBC Police Department •To address the University’s responsibility the police department visits the location monitors selected alcohol establishments to the community for quality of life issues and discusses the community’s concerns. during times when events are scheduled related to disturbing the peace On many occasions,a student from the on campus that tend to result in alcohol •To ensure that every alcohol violation housing complex will attend the commu- abuse.Conducted in coordination with the involving a student is resolved nity association meeting to resolve issues Baltimore County Police,monitoring of stu- or conflicts.All activities of this nature dent purchases is done by observing the Description: are coordinated with local law enforcement presence of UMBC parking hangers in the The Good Neighbor Program (GNP) is for the area not under the jurisdiction of vehicles and observing purchasers’age to the goal of the outreach initiative to the University.This effort was initiated as help identify the student population. community associations surrounding the proactive intervention with the under- A coordinated strategy now exists to University’s campus.The goal of the GNP is standing that alcohol-related problems include in the Code of Student Conduct any to build partnerships with community will occur,but that their adverse effects can possible judicial affairs actions for after- associations in order to address quality of be reduced through a multi-dimensional the-fact sanction for alcohol violations on life issues beyond the campus.The specific effort. campus.Success is found in the fact that focus of the GNP is to address situations This project involves local alcohol dispens- the campus police department,the county revolving around outlets that sell alcohol. ing establishments,the Baltimore County police,and the Office of Judicial Affairs Representatives of the University’s admin- Police,and the UMBC Office of Judicial know what to expect of one another.The istration and police meet regularly with Affairs.When an underage student is found approach to alcohol violations involving community associations to discuss commu- in possession of alcohol on campus,the students has been institutionalized and the nity standards and the behavior of the Police Department conducts a thorough response is now coordinated between the University’s students who live off campus investigation to determine who supplied university,local law enforcement and the in non-university controlled housing.These the alcohol to the student.The investiga- Office of Judicial Affairs. meetings are designed to lower the anxiety tion attempts to identify who purchased

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 111 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Neighborhood Patrol Initiative Syracuse University

Contact: Working in cooperation with the city’s conform to those of Syracuse University Syracuse University police department,the NPI responds to with regard to student behaviors identified Enrollment:18,535 Private,Four-Year Institution student behavioral problems related to through the NPI. alcohol,and promotes the overall quality of Anastasia L. Urtz,J.D. When an unlawful situation involving stu- life in the region surrounding the campus. Associate Dean of Student Relations & dents is identified by the police,they call Director of Judicial Affairs The region is home to approximately 4,000 the University Department of Public Safety University students,4,000 city residents, to request assistance.The University’s Objectives: and several hundred students from other •To respond to off-campus student Department of Public Safety officers act at neighboring colleges and universities. alcohol-related behavioral problems the direction of the city police department. •To promote overall quality of life by The NPI functions through a designated They respond to the scene,request entry helping stabilize a neighborhood police department unit and patrols a from the student residents,and if granted •To improve relations between the defined zone within prescribed hours permission to enter the premises,docu- University community and the broader augmenting existing police patrols.The ment the incident and the participants. community NPI directs its interventions to identify They also provide mediation between stu- •To reduce the number of students students distributing alcohol to underage dents and police officers where necessary involved in medical emergencies and/or persons,engaging in underage alcohol and feasible.If permission for entry is off-campus policy and legal violations consumption,or producing excessive noise. denied to the Department of Public Safety, The patrol further addresses other quality the city police department documents the Description: of life issues,such as parking and property incident for follow-up by the University. The Neighborhood Patrol Initiative (NPI) upkeep.The patrol is available to confront Data gathered for the campus demon- was developed to enhance security in the other types of criminal activity that may strates that the number of students neighborhood bordering the campus as a be identified in the patrol zone.A related charged through the NPI dropped dramati- means of promoting economic revitaliza- aspect of this program of a campus student cally from the beginning of the academic tion of the area and addressing student orientation and education campaign which year.In addition,the types of offenses for safety and behavioral issues.Alcohol informs students about the NPI as they which students have been arrested are sig- related parties involving students had been prepare to move off campus. nificantly less severe than those committed identified as a significant cause of disrup- University students who are identified as in past years when the NPI did not exist. tion,disorder,property damage,littering, violators by the NPI are referred to the Community enthusiasm and support for fights,and other inappropriate behavior. University judicial system.Generally,this the program,while not unanimous,has Security concerns and quality of life issues intervention provides an alternative to the been strongly positive as demonstrated by had contributed to families moving out of criminal justice system unless student comments at community forums,involve- the neighborhood.Neighborhood associa- behavior at the time of documentation ment of students in community events, tions provided the initial funding for the warrants the student’s arrest in addition willingness of community members to vol- NPI’s efforts.The University offered addi- to referral for discipline.Further,students unteer their time,and close collaboration tional financial support if neighborhood from other local universities who live in with the other local university.The NPI is associations agreed to recommend full this region are referred to their home insti- now part of a formal university-community grant funding of the city’s costs in future tutions for intervention.One university partnership that will continue to evaluate years.With this agreement obtained,the which has the second greatest concentra- the program and and identify additional program now functions every weekend tion of students in this region has initiatives. that the University is in session. amended its student conduct policies to

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 112 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Pennsylvania State University Berks Campus and Partnership for Prevention Lehigh Valley Campus

Contact: Although the initial focus was to“change alcohol policies during the first month Pennsylvania State University norms”of behavior in the student popula- of the academic year. Berks Campus tion,it has evolved into programming that Enrollment:2,067 Other efforts include the Alcohol-101® is focused on an informed population. This Public,Two-Year Institution CD-ROM program,the fatal vision goggles involves both the partnership members simulating intoxication,and a substance- Pennsylvania State University and the variety of audiences affected by Lehigh Valley Campus free residence hall.A particularly innovative their reach.Coalition members have Enrollment:671 approach is the use of the “Safety Bug”on learned to better recognize the positive Public,Two-Year Institution both campuses.This is a mechanically aspects of the college population in that Arlene Quesada, B.S.N.,R.N. converted Volkswagen that simulates the Co-Chair of Campus Partnership “not all college students use alcohol.”The split second decisions made while driving norms of promoting academic and social drunk.Students actually drive the car Objectives: responsibility are facilitated through the •To offer programming and community under the direction of a mentor from the activities of the partnership. participation to reduce collegiate Pennsylvanians for Prevention of Underage alcohol abuse The focus of the program is an on-going Drinking Council.The mentor sits in the •To promote norms of academic and initiative.The semester begins the pro- front passenger seat and controls the set- social responsibility gramming cycle with the mailing of The tings which cause the vehicle to lose its Century Council’s brochure“Parents,You’re steering power,become uncontrollable,and Description: Not Done Yet”to parents of incoming stu- have difficulty braking.The result is that The “Partnership for Prevention”among the dents.Freshman orientation presentations the driver experiences what it feels like to University and the Pennsylvania Liquor include “Beer,Booze,and Books,” “The One drive under the influence.In addition, Control Board,and collaborating commu- Nighter,”and an emphasis on ways in valuable lessons are offered for the back- nity agencies is committed to offering which alcohol affects academic perform- seat passengers who would be placed in a meaningful programming and community ance.This is followed by a meeting of the helpless position as passengers in the car participation.Members of the Berks-Lehigh Coalition Partnership whereby campuses of an impaired driver. Valley Alcohol Coalition meet on a monthly learn from one another and share pro- A one-day alcohol awareness fair takes basis.These meetings include the univer- gramming information.Student organiza- place on campus,which includes presenta- sity and community organization volunteer tions are assisted with an emphasis on tions by community-based offices and members who are involved in the partner- alcohol-free events,with an active partner- agencies.These include the county’s ship.The Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board ship member.The campus bulletin,pub- Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse,MADD, has provided funding to all campuses in lished three times a week,incorporates Pennsylvanians for the Prevention of the Penn State University system. timely reminders regarding university Underage Drinking,the Pennsylvania State Police,and the campus specific coalition.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 113 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S REACH and SHARE Peer Assistance Program University of Wisconsin – La Crosse

Contact: to alcohol misuse and violence in schools for their respective schools.Further,these University of Wisconsin – La Crosse and communities.Further,they are asked individuals are involved in implementing Enrollment:9,309 Public,Four-Year Institution to suggest positive changes which could the action plan and monitoring the occur within the school setting and in the progress of the project. Mary Torstveit,M.S. larger community as a whole.College stu- Assistant Director of Prevention Services This approach was chosen because the dents serve as mentors,role models,and University’s freshmen survey suggests that Objectives: facilitators for high school students as they students come to campus with well-estab- •To develop strategies to improve school develop strategies for improving school lished drinking patterns.Thus,the preven- and community environments and community environments. tion of alcohol abuse should reasonably •To equip participants with skills to assist The training format includes activities fol- extend to high school students.In addition, in facilitating positive change lowed by discussion on underage drinking national data shows the strong connection Description: and violence.Students are asked to identify with alcohol abuse and violence which The University works in collaboration with situations and factors within their schools began prior to college years.The youth students and staff from three area high that contribute to a healthy,as well as leadership training was developed to focus schools to conduct leadership training enti- unhealthy,school environment.Skills such on the underlying attitudes that contribute tled,“Building a Better School Climate.” as assertiveness,conflict resolution,active to high-risk drinking and violent behaviors. This prevention approach provides oppor- listening,and communication are discussed Evaluations indicate that the training was a tunities for trained peer educators to serve and modeled by the trained college stu- huge success and exceeded the established as mentors and role models to approxi- dents.Activities are designed to provide goals and objectives.Both college and high mately 60 area high school students who “hands on”opportunities to utilize school students indicate that the training were selected based on their leadership problem-solving skills. has a powerful impact on them as it skills.The two-day interactive training Alcohol misuse emerged as a significant provides an opportunity for the two event is developed and facilitated by factor in school and societal problems. groups to join forces to create a healthier college students and a diverse cross- Consequently,trainers focused on equip- environment.Students comment that their section of area high school students. ping participants with those skills that voices are heard,their opinions valued. The overall goal of this prevention project would assist in facilitating positive change. They feel empowered to develop viable is to allow two high-risk populations – Key high school personnel,such as guid- solutions and make meaningful contribu- college students and high school students ance counselors,teachers,and principals, tions to society. – to explore the attitudes which contribute assist in the development of an action plan

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 114 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sample the City Marquette University

Contact: to living in an urban area,may be The event focuses primarily on freshmen Marquette University reluctant to leave campus to explore and other first-year students to assist in Enrollment:10,780 Private,Four-Year Institution the downtown area. establishing their socialization practices. Input for planning is obtained through Dr.Marisa Rivera A variety of area businesses,including focus groups and other student events. Assistant to the Vice President for restaurants,museums,sports teams,and Student Affairs Student volunteers help staff the event, performing arts groups,are invited to aiding the business representatives pres- participate in a convention-like event on Objectives: ent,advertising the event on campus,and •To inform students about the social campus.Students are invited to explore the overseeing the evaluation process. options available in the city surrounding city“in their own backyard”by receiving the campus brochures,schedules,coupons,and samples Advertisements include school newspaper •To engage freshmen and other new from business representatives.Further stu- ads,flyers in the residence halls,staff brief- students with the university dents are shown how to use the public ings,and the university television station. transportation to visit these locations Committee members staff a booth at the Description: around the city. annual Organization Fest where campus “Sample the City”is a campus and commu- organizations advertise themselves and The Greater Milwaukee Convention and nity-wide collaborative program whose recruit members.In addition,on the day Visitors Bureau is contacted for assistance participants include students,administra- of the event,flyers and promotional items, regarding the receptivity of businesses to tors,staff,and various area businesses and such as pens,highlighters,and notepads, participate in such an event.In-kind contri- vendors.The idea for the program arose are distributed by individuals posted at butions are sought from both on-campus from focus groups and informal discussions high traffic areas throughout campus. and off-campus groups.For example,the with students who stated that their drink- services of the area trolley are obtained, The program takes place on the lawn of ing habits evolved from an attitude that complete with a discounted rate of bring- the Student Union in the center of campus there was “nothing to do.”In response,this ing students downtown for area tours.All between 11 a.m.and 3 p.m.on a day of the program was established to inform stu- university departments that participate in week that a majority of students have dents about what the city has to offer,to the event are asked to pay for or donate a classes.The evaluations received demon- encourage utilization of the free public service.Vendors are asked to make dona- strate positive receptivity toward the transit available,and to inform them about tions of tickets,shirts,or items specific to event.Many students suggest that the the various activities that take place on a their establishments for a free drawing event remain an annual event,and all regular basis in the city.The “Sample the held at the event. vendors state that they would participate City”approach is used because many in “Sample the City”on an annual basis. st u d e nt s ,pa rt i c u l a r ly those not accustom e d

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 115 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Signature Mocktail Contest Francis Marion University

Contact: University Counseling Center,in coopera- plaque to display in their establishment. Francis Marion University tion with a local beer distributor,provides The plaque makes patrons aware of the Enrollment:3,814 Public,Four-Year Institution free TIPS training for all bartenders winner’s commitment to responsible working in the contestant’s establishment. alcohol service. David A. Kahn Third,the contestants show their interest AOD Counselor While mocktail events have been used and commitment to providing safe,respon- widely,this approach expands upon the Objectives: sible alcohol service to their patrons typical strategy to include prevention and •To educate the local alcohol services through participation in the contest. educational components.Strong messages industry about safe and responsible The contest is held in conjunction with a to alcohol servers and consumers about alcohol service University-sponsored programming event, responsible alcohol-service education are •To increase awareness about the range such as an open mike night or comedy promoted.Attention is given to helping of alcohol-free choices night held in the University Center.Each students feel a part of the party when Description: participating vendor sets up a booth and drinking non-alcoholic drinks. The University has instituted the Mocktail serves free mocktails to students in atten- The active involvement of community- Contest to encourage the local bars, dance.Students are given a white and a based establishments and students who restaurants,and beer distributors patron- blue poker chip and instructed to give the serve as judges through their voting fur- ized by students,to develop and offer white chip to the bar or restaurant that ther helps the popularity of this event.The non-alcoholic drinks.The contest provides a they think serves the best mocktail and the event is publicized through the on-campus medium that helps the college and local blue chip to the bar or restaurant with the news-paper and promotional flyers distrib- businesses focus on safe-serving practices second best non-alcoholic beverage.The uted by the participating bars,restaurants, and encourages constant awareness of University gathers and prints the recipes and beer distributors.Media coverage is alcohol sales and distribution to college- of the mocktails entered in the contest promoted with local newspapers,radio age students.In addition,the contest pro- and distributes them to student partici- and television stations. vides a forum to educate the bartenders pants and official contestants.First and and servers of local establishments about second place winners receive a trophy with As evidence of success,local bars,restau- safe and responsible service.This responsi- all contestants receiving certificates for rants and beer distributors proudly display bility includes identification of intoxicated participation. the plaques in their establishments.These persons,recognition of fake ID’s,informa- serve as a reminder to bartenders and Local bars,restaurants,and distributors tion on how to tactfully,yet effectively, patrons about the availability of mocktails. are invited to develop a signature mocktail stop an intoxicated patron from purchasing In addition,bartender education increases or non-alcoholic beverage;the aim is to alcohol,encouragement of the use of safe awareness of safety issues related to the come up with a good,lasting,fun drink driver practices,and promotion of the service of alcohol by these bartenders.A that does not contain alcohol.They are option of alcohol-free beverages. collaborative approach by the Office of asked to participate in a mocktail contest Counseling and Testing,Residence Life,and A range of incentives are used to motivate where they will compete with each other Student Development serves to promote participation in the event.First,participa- for first,second,and third place plaques the success of this event. tion provides an avenue for advertising as voted on by students who attend the the establishment or product.Second,the event.The winners of the contest receive a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 116 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Mentor George Mason University Presentations Seton Hall University

Contacts: on educating students in grades K-12 means of a pre/post test that addresses George Mason University about alcohol and use and abuse.Students perceptions of college alcohol use.Changes Enrollment:24,180 Public,Four-Year Institution are trained to facilitate the program which in quiz scores provide a helpful assessment utilizes age-appropriate curricula during a of the program’s effectiveness.Reaction Nancy Schulte,M.S.W.A.C. Coordinator,Drug Education Services 60-90 minute presentation.The purpose is from students to the presentation is Seton Hall University to provide an open forum for discussion on positive,particularly about the college Enrollment:10,096 alcohol and drug abuse issues so that ele- students’personal stories.In addition, Private,Four-Year Institution mentary,middle and high school students’ the Peer Leaders’reaction has been Gail Pakalns,Ph.D. internal beliefs and external behaviors can generally positive. Director,Health/Counseling Services be challenged in a safe environment. Schools participating with the SIP Program Misperceptions are discussed so that Objectives: have been primarily 4th,8th,and 12th attitudes can be influenced in a positive •To reduce high school seniors’ grades,averaging 50 school students and manner.SIP peer leaders promote height- misperceptions of college students’ 10 college student leaders in each pro- ened awareness regarding how needs alcohol use gram.To advertise the SIP Program,flyers and desires influence decisions regarding •To promote college students’leadership are used to recruit student leaders on cam- alcohol and drug use.They also instruct and public speaking skills pus.The area school system central office students on how to recognize the signs •To increase awareness about decisions maintains files on the program that are and symptoms of alcohol abuse and to regarding alcohol and drug use shared regularly with the schools. feel confident about their own attitudes Description: and beliefs. SIP volunteers prepare program outlines Initiatives working with college student and handouts that can be used for the vari- To gain access to the high schools,the peers and local high school students have ous discussions.These include the outline Urban Initiatives Program conducted two been conducted at George Mason with an alcohol awareness discussion and mailings to principals,guidance depart- University and Seton Hall University.The activities.Handout sheets include “Some ments,and student assistant counselors Urban Initiatives Program at Seton Hall Ways to Say No,’’“The Soccer Ball Activity,” 40 schools.A presentation about the University includes the training of diverse “Who Influences Me?”“Never a Dull project was also made to a local county panels of three to four college role models Moment,”and “Role Play Situations.” organization of all high school substance to make presentations to high school abuse counselors.Further,it was described Feedback regarding the success of each of students.These presentations intersperse in a local media article and a campus the programs provided has been positive. personal stories about academic and social newsletter.This resulted in eight high Furthermore,student leaders continue to life in college with slide presentations and schools scheduling one and two-day volunteer to participate in the SIP Program. a video clip of a party scene.Both the slides panel presentations involving 600 high Funding for the George Mason SIP project and the discussions emphasize facts about school seniors. began with grants to support peer training heavy drinking,myths about alcohol,and for community outreach.Currently,the Funding for the program at Seton Hall normative statistics on college alcohol Drug Education Services office funds the came from the Independent College Fund use.Bookmarks with a related message duplication of materials at approximately of New Jersey,which paid for transporta- are distributed to all high school student $50 per semester. participants. tion,expenses,creation of the slide portion of the presentation,and stipends for At George Mason University,the Students student presenters,staff time,and evalua- in Prevention (SIP) Program is an interac- tion activities.Evaluation is gathered by tive activities-based program that focuses

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 117 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Tavern Owner University at Albany, Advertisement Agreement State University of New York

Contact: and fire departments,members of the required,”or “Valid forms of identification University at Albany, city council,neighborhood association verifying age of 21 years or older required State University of New York Enrollment:16,900 representatives,community leaders,tavern to consume alcohol.”In addition,while Public,Four-Year Institution owners,and landowners. advertisements avoid terminology that promotes the irresponsible consumption Thomas L. Gebhardt One initiative regarding alcohol abuse off- Director,Personal Safety and Off-Campus of alcoholic beverages,they also promote campus was initiated in 1995.The Tavern Affairs and advertise alcohol-free beverages and Owner Advertisement Agreement was food specials. Objectives: prepared to address tavern advertising as it •To improve relations between college might impact the behavior of patrons,both A copy of a “Cooperating Tavern”sign is students off campus and their long-term while in a particular establishment and provided for display to those taverns that neighbors when they leave the premises.The tavern signed the agreement.In addition,a sheet •To improve the appropriateness of owners agreed to review the content of of “Cooperating Tavern”small logos is pro- advertising by local taverns their advertising with the intention of pro- vided for inclusion on their advertisements. moting responsible and lawful consump- Most tavernowners contacted by the Description: tion of alcoholic beverages as well as In 1989,the University and the city experi- committee members have agreed to sign appropriate and civil behavior when leav- enced an increase in the number and the advertising agreement.Additional ing the establishment.Those signing the intensity of complaints concerning the tavernowners are asked to join as they are agreement agreed to comply with current behavior of college students off-campus. identified.Compliance is monitored mostly policies and procedures concerning the The problems,resulting from parties off- by committee members who deal with any posting and distribution of advertisements. campus and traffic to and from area tav- alleged violations by the “Cooperating erns,included loud music,abuse of alcohol, By signing the agreement,tavernowners Taverns.”With violations that have yelling and screaming late at night,and also agreed to fashion their advertising to occurred,tavernowners have made trash and litter.The city’s mayor and the include a statement asking all patrons to changes to their advertisements to comply University’s president formed the Task behave responsibly and in a civil manner in with their voluntary agreements.In addi- Force on University and Community the surrounding neighborhood.For exam- tion,communication has increased Relations to implement a unified effort to ple,potential wording includes “Please between tavernowners and members of make recommendations for the identified remember to be a good neighbor and the committee. behave appropriately when leaving our problems.A permanent committee – the Specific evidence shows that off-campus establishment,”or “Responsible patron Committee on University and Community noise ordinance police reports are down behavior when leaving encouraged.”The Relations – was established to ensure the 83 percent from the 1992-93 academic advertising also emphasizes the necessity implementation of the original,as well as year to the 1998-99 academic year.In of being 21 years of age or older and pos- subsequent,recommendations.Meeting on addition,between 1996-97 and 1998-99, sessing the appropriate valid means of a monthly basis,the committee is com- arrests for possession of a forged instru- identification in order to consume alcohol. posed of student leaders and professional ment are down 50 percent,and alcohol- An example of wording in the advertise- staff from the University,as well as other related arrests overall are down 53 percent. local colleges,officials from the city police ments includes “Appropriate proof

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 118 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Underage Drinking Task Force Southwest Missouri State University

Contact: chaired by a member of city council,and is The underage drinking task force has Southwest Missouri State made up of community leaders,alcohol also developed a fake ID collection system University Enrollment:17,388 vendors,law enforcement officers,and the for alcohol vendors,a citywide billboard Public,Four-Year Institution county prosecutor. campaign,and mailings to thousands of parents of high school students outlining Peter C. Groenendyk,M.A. The Underage Drinking Task Force meets Coordinator,Office of Student Judicial the county’s new minimum sanctions.In every month, to review current initiatives, Programs addition,press conferences are held by the and to plan and implement new ones. county prosecutor which are highlighted by Objectives: Specific activities and achievements under- the local media. •To reduce the number of students taken by the task force include the devel- involved in alcohol-related incidents opment of a training video for store clerks As a result,the University has been success- while not on university property to help them identify individuals to whom ful in reducing the total number of alcohol •To partner with a community group to alcoholic beverages should not be sold. incidents by more than 68 percent over the adjust the norms of student behavior Another accomplishment is the develop- last 3 years.Partnering with a community while they are off campus ment of new minimum sanctions for group is believed to be an essential factor minors who are cited by police for being in in this reduction.The use of the hotline is Description: possession of alcohol and for those cited increasing,while the number of people The Office of Student Judicial Programs for providing alcohol to minors.These sanc- cited by the police for providing alcohol to serves as a member of the local community tions complement the minimum sanctions minors has quadrupled.Area alcohol ven- partnership and its underage drinking task the University already has in place.A hot- dors have reported a dramatic drop in the force.The University became an active line has also been established for members number of college students attempting to member of this association to help reduce of the community to call to report parties use false identification cards. the number of students involved in alco- where they think minors are being served hol-related incidents when not on alcohol;a special underage drinking unit in University property.The task force is the police department responds.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 119 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Violence Southern Illinois University – Prevention Program Carbondale

Contact: Groups identified to participate in the making proper lifestyle decisions,ways to Southern Illinois University – workshops include fraternities and sorori- avoid becoming a sexual assault victim Carbondale Enrollment:22,323 ties,athletic teams and clubs,students (with a special emphasis on date and Public,Four-Year Institution living in on-campus residence halls,any acquaintance rape),general crime preven- Barb Elam,M.S. registered student organization,and tion tips,and problems associated with Coordinator,Wellness Center students enrolled in a course requiring alcohol abuse and the role it plays in workshop attendance.Campus administra- becoming a crime victim. Objectives: tors and faculty recruit these groups. •To educate prospective college students Data from a campus survey indicates that as well as current college students to The programs are publicized through the 6% of students have experienced physical make appropriate decisions that will campus newspaper and the groups them- violence and 14% have experienced threats keep them from becoming a sexual selves.Incentives to participate in the of physical violence.This data also identi- assault victim or victim of crime program include the University’s“U-Card” fied a high percentage of students who •To help students understand the role that system,in which students receive a punch have used alcohol or drugs prior to the alcohol abuse can play in becoming a card and get credit for attending educa- incident (79 % for physical violence and crime victim tional programs to win prizes including 45% for threats of physical violence). •To evaluate student conduct code coupons and a drawing for free tuition. Although some of the experiences reported violations on and off campus for violence Additionally,all women who attend by students have been at off-campus loca- violations programs receive free safety whistles tions,they serve to illustrate the relation- that can be put on key chains. ship between substance use and violence. Description: One target population consists of high Through use of a pre/post knowledge The Community of Policing Violence school juniors and seniors who plan to survey,increases in knowledge is demon- Prevention workshops are a collaborative attend college upon graduation.In addi- strated about alcohol and sexual safety effort between the University’s tion,their parents or legal guardians are resulting from these programmatic Department of Public Safety,the also invited to attend.The same informa- interventions.While reported changes in University’s Wellness Center,and the City of tion is presented to incoming freshmen. crime are not yet available,the fact that Carbondale’s Women’s Center.By primarily With a focus on prospective college stu- thousands of students have participated using resources that already exist (law dents as well as current college students, in the initial 60 offerings demonstrates enforcement staff,counseling staff,and the program helps educate the campus their popularity. safety education staff in the community community about violence and how to and on campus),and by coordinating the avoid becoming a crime victim. efforts of agencies presenting the program, the program participants receive a more Co-taught by personnel from the Wellness comprehensive analysis of victimology. Center,the Police Department,and the Women’s Center,the program emphasizes

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 120 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies VALUE CONFLICT RESOLUTION

Value conflict resolution approaches are proactive in nature. outcome.The processes involved in the activities include an empha- Numerous strategies and implementation vehicles are initiated to sis upon personal choices,heightened awareness,and thinking accommodate a range of perspectives to promote a healthy campus clearly about desired outcomes.Occasionally found is an emphasis environment.The emphasis is to establish standards,networks,and upon values and ethics. sets of guiding principles that will sustain the alcohol abuse preven- Resulting from these processes is greater collaboration among the tion efforts by promoting healthy living and learning environments. range of involved constituencies,which include students,faculty, In this context,some campuses identify the need for culture change, staff members,police,and,on occasion,individuals from state whereas others specify the desire for a healthy community. agencies and community groups.Also found is increased buy-in and Value conflict resolution approaches create a shared mission and ownership regarding the action plans which articulate directions for vision among the participants.These approaches also acknowledge the future.Even temporary policies,such as not having alcohol on the presence of a wide range of viewpoints and perspectives. the campus,has been identified as a vehicle towards the endpoint Further,a philosophy of self-governance,with active engagement of a shared sense of values. of individuals and key players,promotes progress toward the desired

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 121 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus Alcohol Issues Forum Purdue University

Contact: on how to deal with the problem and Third,participants recommended that pre- Purdue University implement solutions. vention programs be available for students Enrollment:37,762 on campus.Finally,the importance of hav- Public,Four-Year Institution Participants included students,faculty,and ing consistent enforcement and strong Tammy Loew,M.A. staff.Students were drawn from the Greek consequences for violating the University Alcohol Risk Reduction Coordinator system,the Residence Hall Council,the Student Wellness Office and community’s alcohol policies and laws Student Health Advisory Board,and the was stressed. Objectives: general student population.A representa- •To assemble a broad-based campus group tive from the Governor’s Commission on Resulting from the Issues Forum,an issues to deliberate the issues of high-risk and Impaired and Dangerous Driving also booklet was developed.In addition,the underage drinking participated.Other participants included Kettering Foundation agreed to develop a •To enable participants to take ownership police officers,faculty,staff,and community Campus Alcohol Issues booklet for national in developing University-wide solutions members.Two University professors served release.Further,most of the 50 people to the issues as facilitators for the program.The participating expressed the desire to Kettering Foundation’s National Issues continue the discussion in future forums Description: Forum Model,which is designed to bring and several agreed to become involved The University’s StudentWellness Office together communities to discuss,social and with committees. collaborated with professors from the political issues,was used as the framework The Issues Forum appeared to be widely Department of Organizational Leadership for the program.The deliberative process, successful.It was the first time that the and Supervision to sponsor a program dur- where each voice is heard and people are campus community was given the oppor- ing Alcohol Awareness Week.The program, dissuaded from monopolizing conversa- tunity to provide suggestions on address- “Be A Voice,Campus Alcohol Issues Forum,” tions,maximizes audience input and allows ing alcohol issues.Specific monitoring of focused on ways that the University could many voices to be heard without threats of the identified actions and outcomes will address underage and excessive drinking. negative repercussions. help determine the project’s success in the Participants deliberated the following pre- The group’s deliberations led them to next phase.This will include a review of viously agreed upon problem statement: suggest the following actions.First,more student involvement in planning activities, “Underage drinking and the positive per- alternative activities for students were an increase in alternative activities,a focus- ception and the motivation of excessive suggested,including a bar-like alcohol-free ing of educational messages on personal drinking and its aftereffects should not be social club in the student union. Second, responsibility and accountability,an assess- acceptable in the Purdue community.” participants identified the importance of ment of types of programming available, Students offered the University direction educating students about personal respon- and consistency of consequences of policy si b i l i t y and accou nt a b i l i t y for their beh av i o r . violations.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 122 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Center for Service and Citizenship Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts

Contact: The Center also serves to heighten the from the Massachusetts Campus Compact Massachusetts College of awareness of the connection between col- and an after school literacy grant. Liberal Arts lege life and community service.With this Enrollment:1,520 Publicity for the Center is maintained focus,students learn club principles in the Public,Four-Year Institution through preparation of a brochure widely context of the community.They also gain Charlotte F.Degen distributed on the campus and in the com- Associate Dean of Students an understanding that positive change munity.Media releases further enhance the and justice can be gained through service public awareness.In addition,the city Objectives: experiences. •To promote community service and mayor publicly recognizes students who volunteer work A range of programs is offered by the have worked on a city service project.The •To reduce the prevalent use of alcohol and Center for Service and Citizenship.These Center also offers meetings each academic associated negative environments include a youth mentoring program,con- term to process service experiences with sultation with faculty,alternative breaks students and celebrate their achievements. Description: during the fall and spring,community Students who participate share their expe- The Center for Service and Citizenship clean-up programs,collaborative programs riences publicly through articles published was established to build upon the earlier with other campus offices,support of serv- in local newspapers,hometown papers, success of the campus Volunteer Center as ice clubs,and participation in a state-wide and the alumni magazine.Sharing is also well as to elevate the value of service to a collaboration promoting service.Specific done by the broadcast of a color video higher status on campus.Furthermore,it target groups identified for the Center’s package,developed by a student,broadcast promotes leadership and other out-of-class activities include fraternities and sororities, on the campus television. learning opportunities.As stated in the athletes and athletic teams,residence hall The success of the Center is demonstrated Center’s mission statement,“Service students,student government,resident by the increase in the number of students encompasses generous acts of giving time, assistants,students in leadership develop- who provide service (from 300 to 475 in expertise,work and resources aimed ment efforts,and students in courses that one year),the increase in service hours toward the good of the community.”Since use service learning. (from 700 to over 2,100 hours per year), the college embraces “the importance of A full-time coordinator is responsible for and documentation of students’personal service as integral to maintaining a democ- the administration and donation of expression of caring and commitment.The racy,”the Center for Service and Citizenship resources used to carry out service activi- 475 volunteers represent 32 percent of the complements this priority by encouraging ties such as community cleanup and the total college enrollment.Additionally,stu- student involvement in curricular and children’s book collection.Additional fund- dents have assumed leadership responsi- co-curricular activities. ing is received through grants received bility for several service programs offered through the Center.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 123 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Community Health Initiative Oregon State University

Contact: Initiated in 1996,a range of initiatives is The CHI has prepared a document entitled Oregon State University being pursued to achieve the aspirations “Dimensions of Healthy Community,” Enrollment:16,061 Public,Four-Year Institution of the Campus Compact.One of the five which contains 12 characteristics found in initiatives for 1998-2000 is enhancement a healthy community.Among these are Susan Longerbeam Administrative Director of community health.The Community “the capacity to take responsibility for the Health Initiative provides support for issues well being and respectfulness of self and Objectives: that influence student success,addresses others,” “the presence of support mecha- •To design and implement a comprehen- safety and well-being,and promotes nisms in place for resolving challenging sive strategy to reduce the impact of healthy lifestyles and responsible choices. issues,”and “reflectivity - members have alcohol abuse on the health of the com- Its overall goal is to examine and respond the ability to express feelings,thoughts munity to what is needed to create and maintain a and experiences in words.” •To provide leadership with the creation vital,healthy community at the University. A related initiative of the Campus Compact and maintenance of a vital,healthy CHI is open to all University community is a set of Rights and Responsibilities. community members and provides a vehicle to focus Within the broad emphasis of comprehen- on the range of issues associated with a Description: sive professional development,a series of healthy community.On-going conversa- The University’s Division of Student Affairs rights and responsibilities have been tions with the full CHI membership occur developed a Community Health Initiative established within five broad areas: every other week in an informal open envi- (CHI),which arose from the Campus environment,communication,resources, ronment.The Campus Compact principles Compact,a document created by student professional development and learning, serve as guidelines for how CHI approaches affairs professionals as a statement of and technology.As stated in the document, its work. vision,values,and commitments.The the approach is “rooted in care – how we Campus Compact uses principles adapted Subgroups of CHI deal with specific issues would like to be cared for,how we will care from the Carnegie Foundation’s six princi- and create the necessary infrastructure to for our colleagues,and how we will show ples for building community.These princi- make CHI work.These include grant writ- our care for the University and its mission.” ples state that a community should be ing,social programming,focus groups,Web To implement the set of Rights and purposeful,open,just,disciplined,caring, calendaring,and social norms marketing.A Responsibilities,each work group is asked and celebrative.As part of its mission,the high level of participation in CHI is broadly to review this document during at least Division of Student Affairs calls for “leader- represented from faculty,staff and stu- one meeting each term and define how the ship for the development of a positive dents.In addition to the range of depart- concepts are translated into day-to-day sense of community”at the University.The ments in the Division of Student Affairs, behavior. Compact itself is the Division’s pledge that other departments and agencies involved The formative and continuously evolving they will “move beyond lofty ideals and include the Athletic Department,the nature of the process,both with the engage in focused behavior.”The Compact Department of Public Health,other campus Campus Compact and the Community states the Division’s belief that the vision and community departments,first-year Health Initiative,suggests an extensive will be achieved only as “the result of experience programs,members from the buy-in by staff members in the Division intentional actions on the part of campus local county,and the state liquor control of Student Affairs. community members.” commission.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 124 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Decisions Program Saint Michael’s College

Contact: expectations of student athletes.Secondly, decision-making,question the social and Saint Michael’s College participants are asked to actively engage personal consequences of the decisions Enrollment:2,700 Private,Four-Year Institution in out-of-classroom education.Third,the they make,and ultimately articulate their program educates students regarding deci- understanding of their civic responsibility Aaron Kuntz Assistant Registrar sions related to alcohol and drug use.The to a larger community. program provides students with the tools The Wilderness Program is also related to Objectives: to be better role models and student the Decisions Program and is within the •To promote education and dialogue leaders on campus. auspices of the Athletic Department.This among students,faculty and staff The Decisions Program mandates that ath- allows all students to assess their responsi- •To maintain continuous conversations letic teams attend a lecture on a variety of bility to a larger social group,while at the surrounding alcohol and drug use topics.Each team then invites at least two same time committing themselves to •To offer students the opportunity to enjoy people to the team’s practice to facilitate a healthy physical experiences without drug healthy,new experiences together discussion.Out of this dialogue,teams or alcohol use.Activities stemming from •To promote the development of personal shape their social contract,which is man- the Wilderness Program are led by over 35 and institutional character dated for each athletic team at the college. certified student leaders who motivate •To provide inter-connected resources to This social contract serves as a way for close interaction among faculty,staff,and help students make positive decisions teams to articulate their dedication to students outside the classroom.Positive surrounding alcohol and drug use making conscious social decisions.It is also healthy choices,which lead to rewarding Description: designed to provide a vehicle to stimulate experiences and relationships,are empha- The College’s attention to alcohol and drug open discussion on several important top- sized.The new experiences encountered issues is part of a comprehensive approach ics within the team.The final document through the Wilderness Program are to help change the campus culture.A key helps to create an environment in which designed to enhance personal develop- aspect of the campus program is the coaches,staff,and athletes can participate ment and inspire an active pursuit of Decisions Program,which began in 1995 in a safe and healthy arena while conduct- knowledge over one’s lifetime.Critical to provide information to student athletes ing themselves in accordance with the thinking and assessment skills,student and to reinforce healthy behaviors.The mission,goals,expectations,and policies leadership,physical activities,self-realiza- program promotes character development of the College. tion,environmental stewardship,and both with students who have a history of expansion of comfort zones are developed. Coupled with the Decisions Program is positive decision-making as well as those Most of these programs occur in small an evaluation program conducted by who have made unhealthy decisions in groups that encourage group identity, Health Services.The athletes complete a the past. participation,critical thinking,individual questionnaire,which helps them evaluate leadership,group decision-making,and The Decisions Program is a three-tiered their choices.This gives student athletes minimal environmental impact. process.It first outlines the behavioral the opportunity to evaluate their

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 125 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Greek Summit Indiana University of Pennsylvania

Contact: se l f - g o vern i n g .Cha p t er leaders and member s The Greek Summit was a collaborative Indiana University of Pennsylvania are expected to accept full responsibility effort between Greek leaders,chapter advi- Enrollment:13,442 Public,Four-Year Institution for chapter decisions,activities and events, sors,and student affairs administrators.The and legal affairs.In exchange for each aim was to identify a direction for social Tammy Patterson Manko Associate Director of Student Activities and chapter’s commitment to contribute in pos- programming within the Greek commu- Organizations/Service Leadership itive ways to the mission of the University nity.Six specific areas of focus were identi- and to abide by all relevant laws and poli- fied by the Greek Summit:enforcement, Objectives: cies,the University grants recognition to environment,prevention,academic, •To affect a culture change in the Greek each chapter.Interdependence between education,and student services/treat- community the University and the Greek community ment/community resources. •To assist fraternity and sorority leaders are evidenced by the University depending to define and further their leadership During the 5-hour duration of the Greek on the Greek community to further its mis- responsibilities with respect to social Summit,participants conducted needs sion and the Greek community depending programming with alcohol assessments,explored problem areas,and upon the University for limited resources, •To minimize the role of alcohol and the identified an action plan with respect to general support,and broad direction. potential risk and negative consequences the six topic areas. Prior to the Greek Summit,a Greek Participants were then subdivided into task Description: Community Needs Assessment was distrib- forces and group leaders were chosen. The University’s Greek Summit was uted to all Greek Summit participants and Greek Summit discussions specific to designed and implemented to affect a tallied.Responses were presented to the problem exploration and action plan culture change in the Greek community. participants as a Greek Summit discussion identification took place and plans for Fraternity and sorority leaders were asked starting point.Participation in the Greek follow-up discussed. to examine their leadership responsibilities Summit was encouraged at all appropriate with respect to social programming with meetings in advance of the Summit. The feedback immediately following the alcohol.These leaders included the chapter Emphasis was placed on the opportunity Greek Summit was very favorable.The president of each fraternity and sorority being afforded Greek leaders to maintain achievement of the specific outcome is and the executive officers from the Inter- their self-governing role and an interde- measured by the degree to which individ- Fraternity Council and the Panhellenic pendent,rather than dependent,relation- ual task forces are able to accomplish iden- Association.In addition,chapter presidents ship with the University.Undergraduate tified action plans within each specific were asked to identify one additional student leaders were selected for the Greek area.These action plans are designed to chapter member and a chapter alumnus Summit action planning group and subse- generate initiatives and activities that both or advisor to attend. quently were identified to serve as task minimize the role of alcohol within the Greek community and maximize the man- This approach was selected because force team leaders. agement of risk and liability in situations the Greek community is viewed as that include the legal use of alcohol.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 126 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S College of Saint Benedict Holistic Health Model Saint John’s University

Contact: Model allows professional staff and faculty to make healthy life choices.Residential College of Saint Benedict to promote health as it relates to each floors foster an individual’s initial choices, Enrollment:1,952 Private,Four-Year Institution student’s personal value system.The which are consistent with a personal belief committee believes that,to change the system.An established support system Saint John’s University Enrollment:18,478 alcohol culture on campus,it is important helps maintain this chosen standard of liv- Public,Four-Year Institution to deal with the underlying issues of why ing.The residential environment supports Sigrid Hedman-Dennis, R.N.,M.S.N. students are making choices that can be and explores the health and wellness of Health Educator harmful to them now as well as in the the student’s mind,body,and soul.While future.Utilizing the Holistic Health Model, this currently focuses on first-year stu- Objectives: the committee helps empower students dents,the program is being expanded to •To provide students with an opportunity through information,mentoring,and upper-class students. to speak about their value systems, peer/staff support.This empowerment personal choices,and potential risks Educational opportunities are also provided enables students to continue to develop associated with their choices in informal settings where drugs,alcohol, personal insights and skills that will assist •To provide various settings in which exercise,mental health and related issues them in making choices based on accurate students can gain knowledge about a are discussed.Coursework is also a part of information rooted in their personal range of alcohol-related subjects the model.For example,“Lifestyle and belief system. •To empower students to make informed Fitness”is a core course for all first-year decisions about their health in relation to Collaboration to implement the Holistic women,and “Sexuality and Spirituality:The their own personal value system Health Model is happening at multiple lev- Sacred Connection”focuses on personal els.Administrative support is found from values and belief systems.It also empha- Description: the Presidents,Vice Presidents,and Deans sizes the necessity for individuals to make The Holistic Health Model is used to deal of Students.A range of offices including informed choices about all aspects of their with drug and alcohol issues by two adja- Health Education, Residential Life, lives,including drugs and alcohol. Other cent campuses.The model demonstrates Counseling,and Student Activities support aspects of the Holistic Health Model the interrelationship of six components on the program.The faculty of Nursing and include a program called,“Athlete to the health wheel:occupational,physical, Nutrition are also involved.Further,the Athlete”which encourages team discussion social,intellectual,spiritual,and emotional. involvement of the City Administrator,the about rules for alcohol use while in season. Through programmatic efforts,students City Council,and the Mayor demonstrates The Health Advocate Program (for women) are shown that choices they make regard- collaboration and involvement with the and the Health Initiative Program (for ing drugs and alcohol can and will impact Town and Gown Committee.Funding is men) foster peer education regarding their choices and performance in other provided by a strategic initiative grant health issues. areas of their lives.The model also provides to continue educational programming The Holistic Health Model appears to be an opportunity for students to develop directed at facilitating informed decision successful based upon the range of educa- critical thinking skills that will positively making and educational opportunities. tional opportunities,courses,approaches, impact their health now and in the future. A Health and Wellness Learning and student participation in the planning Under the leadership of the Health and Community has been established to pro- and implementing,and participating in the Wellness Committee,the Holistic Health vide an environment for students wishing range of these efforts.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 127 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Multiple Voices Make Good Choices Simpson College

Contact: sponsors have a chance to do so.The prize As part of the commitment card activity,all Simpson College patrol wanders the campus and if a stu- the commitment cards are posted on a wall Enrollment:1,877 Private,Two-Year Institution dent is spotted wearing the button on their in the middle of the student center and are person or backpack,they are given a prize. intermixed with buttons from the prize Becky Moser Coordinator of Campus Security Prizes include magic 8-balls,puzzles,nerf patrol.An e-mail to all students,faculty, basketballs,nerf footballs,Frisbees,card and staff explains the purpose of the dis- Objectives: games,Hungry Hippo games,and more. play and encourages them to visit the site. •To help students understand that the Survey results indicated that two-thirds of The second activity is offered at the majority of their peers make responsible the students knew about the prize patrol, Student Activities Fair.T-shirts are given to decisions regarding alcohol use had seen the T-shirts and believed that the anyone willing to sign a commitment card. •To encourage students to act as role activities had an impact on their decisions The statement on the commitment card is models for others regarding alcohol use. “I recognize the value of abstaining from Description: alcohol or acting responsibly if I choose to Future plans call for continuing these pop- The Multiple Voices Make Good Choices consume alcohol.I choose to be a part of ular activities on an ongoing basis with the initiative is based on two major campus- the majority of students who understand same theme being used for recognition.In wide activities which were founded to help that being a responsible adult is the popu- addition,ways of expanding the positive students recognize the fact that the major- lar and sensible thing to do.By signing this public image are being considered,such as ity of their fellow students make responsi- pledge,I promise to be a positive role the establishment of an alcohol-free park- ble choices regarding their use or non-use model and to use alcohol responsibly or ing lot for tailgating before football games. of alcohol.The specific approaches were not at all.”Interestingly,most students Overall,the theme of “most students make designed to increase the visibility of the take the time to read the cards completely. responsible choices regarding alcohol initiatives on the campus. Along with the commitment cards,posters use”appears to have been readily accepted hang on the table and elsewhere on by students. The first activity is the prize patrol. Buttons campus with nationwide statistics that a with the theme “The Survey Says . .. majority of students make responsible Multiple Voices Make Good Choices,”are choices. distributed widely on campus every time

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 128 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Reintroducing Responsible Alcohol Use Logan College of Chiropractic

Contact: with a student task force.The student task academic year during which time no alco- Logan College of Chiropractic force report was used as the foundation or hol abuse problems occurred.An important Enrollment:954 Private,Professional Institution “building block”of the new alcohol use bi-product of the new alcohol policy imple- policy.In addition,alcohol use policies and mentation has been the establishment of a Dr.E.Daniel Kapraun Dean of Student Services procedures from other colleges and univer- stronger linkage with the local police sities were reviewed.This was done to department.The agency provides security Objectives: identify key concepts and practices which guards as needed for college events that •To develop an alcohol use policy which could be incorporated into the proposed involve the use of alcohol.In addition,the reintroduces the responsible use of alcohol use policy to ensure responsible police department supplies the equipment alcohol on campus drinking.Further,the aim was to accommo- needed to conduct breathalyzer tests. •To foster a partnership/team effort date the range of philosophical positions Future efforts focus on the introduction of among students,faculty,and the and values evident among students,faculty a comprehensive alcohol education pro- administration and the administration.The Dean also con- gram to be required of all students.A •To initiate an alcohol education program ferred with student leaders,faculty mem- review of existing alcohol education pro- that fosters increased commitment to bers and key administrators to obtain their grams is currently underway.The goal of responsible behavior insights regarding concepts and practices this effort is to identify those practices to to be included in the proposed policy. Description: be incorporated into a “personalized” As a result of student alcohol abuse,the The final draft policy document,which alcohol education program that will college discontinued the use of alcohol for includes 21 procedures and regulations, address the training needs of students, more than one year.The task of proposing a was submitted to the President’s Cabinet faculty,and staff in a cost effective manner. new alcohol use policy was given to the for review and approval.The policy was Dean of Student Services,who conferred implemented on a trial basis for one

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 129 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of North Carolina – Stop and Think Campaign Wilmington

Contact: kept in an unedited condition,are then The activity has also been used during University of North Carolina – used on flyers which are posted on the freshman orientation sessions,with com- Wilmington Enrollment:9,757 “wall,”which is an 8-foot,2-sided partition ments provided from incoming students as Public,Four-Year Institution which is moved to various settings well as parents.This resulted in an interest- Suzanne M. Shover,M.S. throughout the campus during the year. ing mix of comments from the students Director of Judicial Programs The most poignant of these unedited com- who did not have college experience,as Coordinator,Substance Abuse Prevention ments are then used on the Stop and Think well as from paren ts who wer e fort h co m i n g and Education fl ye r s ,which are pos t ed throughout cam p u s , about the effects of alcohol or drug use on Objectives: but always in bathroom stalls.Many of the their lives .The range of com m e n ts indicated •To encourage students to focus on their students’comments are powerful state- that attention was focused on many issues personal choices and decisions ments about the negative consequences surrounding substance use by this activity. that they have experienced from heavy •To acquaint students with the experiences Flyers posted throughout the campus are drinking or drug use.In addition,many of their peers regarding alcohol and drugs prepared using bright red and fluorescent com m e n ts describ e the pos i t i v e expe ri e n ce s •To directly challenge students to think yellow paper,reinforcing Crossroads’colors of those who have chosen to refrain from about their decisions and related and adding to the eye-catching quality of using substances. consequences the campaign.All flyers include a large stop Description: The Stop and Think Campaign is highly sign image with the word“THINK”written visible to all students,faculty,staff,and inside.As students become familiar with The Stop and Think Campaign is sponsored campus visitors.In addition to being posted this image,they immediately recognize by the Crossroads Substance Abuse on the “wall,”the statements included on these flyers as a statement on drugs or Prevention and Education at the University. the flyers are posted in residence halls, alcohol made by a fellow classmate.During It encourages students to focus on their academic buildings,administrative offices, many of Crossroads’programs and classes, personal choices regarding the use of st u d e n t servi c es departm e nt s ,gym n a s i u m s , students are asked if they are familiar with alcohol and drugs. dining halls,and snack bars. its services.Many state that they know the The Stop and Think Campaign is conducted name because of the “Stop and Think”signs Student peer leaders conduct the Wall throughout the academic year as a means that they have seen on campus.In focus activity one time each semester.There has of increasing awareness of all campus pop- groups designed to gain feedback,100 per- been significant campus participation at ulations regarding the consequences of cent of on-campus students report that the Wall even ts for soliciting drug or alcoh o l substance abuse.The first event is the Wall, they pay attention to the media messages experiences.For those students who which solicits anonymous comments from in their residence halls,and that the most choose not to give their input,many still students on how alcohol, tobacco and memorable location of the signs is the stop at the Wall and read the comments other drugs have affected their lives. bathroom stalls. made by their fellow classmates. The best of these comments,which are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 130 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Your PATH at Ohio Ohio University

Contact: begins with personal accountability.Each community,and for engaging in dialogue Ohio University member of the University community exer- with student leaders on campus issues. Enrollment:27,913 Public,Four-Year Institution cises good judgment and takes responsibil- Seminars that build upon the “Your PATH at ity for his/her own behavior.With this Ohio”framework are designed to help all Terrence J.Hogan,Ph.D. Dean of Students responsibility,trust is established among members of the campus community to those on and off the campus. resolve problems collegially and to imbue a Objectives: sense of shared mission and vision.Topics Three values are emphasized with stu- •To imbue students with an understanding included in the ethics seminar series are dents,beginning at their orientation pro- of three community values which influ- “Composing Your Ethics Code,” “Ethics and gram.First,diversity means,“that we ence their individual decision-making Civic Virtues,” “Ethics of Social Marketing,” treasure the opportunity to learn from the •To reduce high-risk drinking through and “Fairness at the Work Place.” differences among us.”Second,respect greater understanding of community means,“treating others as you wish to be Staff time and energy were devoted to the expectations and values treated,fostering good relations with fac- initial creation of the concept.There has Description: ulty,staff,students,and community mem- been minimal on-going expense involved The University’s environmental change bers.”Third,civility means “respecting in communicating the concept and much strategy,which was designed to reduce the others’points of view and agreeing,at of the communication since then has been incidents of high-risk drinking,incorporates times,to disagree ...knowing that our accomplished through existing programs. a variety of approaches.One of the vehicles common bonds are greater than any There has been a positive reaction to the is PATH,which stands for Personal individual differences.” efforts on the part of faculty,staff,parents, Accountability,Trust and Honor.“Your PATH trustees,and student leaders.The student “Your PATH at Ohio”also serves as a jump- at Ohio”has been developed as a commu- reaction in general has been positive,with ing off point for explaining to prospective nications campaign about community student leaders proposing ways of further students and parents what the University expectations and values.It is supplemented incorporating the strategy into the fabric of expects from members of its community, by a series of ethics seminars to be used institutional life.Though modest declines for orienting new first-year and transfer from freshmen orientation through com- in heavy drinking are found through the students to the University community,for mencement.As described to the students bi-annual Core Survey data,there is no initiating discussions in judicial settings by the University’s President,their time at specific evidence that definitively links this about the effect of individual behavior on college can be compared to a journey that program to the changed student behavior.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 131 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 132 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAMS

Comprehensive campus efforts represent the ideal blending of each Overall,the comprehensive programs illustrate ways in which of the 10 components developed for Promising Practices:Campus distinct approaches of the 10 components to address alcohol Alcohol Strategies. While the other sections of this Sourcebook abuse are found in a broad-based campus effort.The contact highlight specific program elements and strategies in each of the persons for these campuses,when interviewed about their efforts, components,this section focuses on colleges/universities which emphasized the importance of organizing and linking together the have integrated the components into a campus-wide initiative. campus-wide effort. As mentioned previously,implementing a comprehensive program is the most promising way to address alcohol abuse on campus. The efforts of the campuses illustrating the breadth and depth recommended for a comprehensive initiative are summarized in this section.These campus initiatives demonstrate an extensive and broad-based approach for the campus,incorporating the 10 components.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 135 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Abuse Prevention Program The University of Alabama

Contact: issues concerning alcohol and violence. Housing trains the student staff to detect The University of Alabama The Female Focus,a similar group of 12 abusive and addictive behavior,and in Enrollment:19,046 Public,Four Year Institution female students,speaks to sororities and strategies for referrals. women in residence halls on these issues. Charles L. Brown,Ph.D. Substance-free living environments are “Wasted Times,”a group from Educational Associate Vice President for Student Affairs available for students who sign a PACE Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Theater,addresses the social and sexual (Pledge Aimed at Community issues related to alcohol abuse in a non- Enhancement).Through a survey con- traditional format. Description: ducted by the university,53 percent of resi- Through its Alcohol and Violence Peer education is further enhanced by dence students indicated their desire to Prevention Task Force,the university aims E.C.H.O.S.(Education Concerning Healthy participate in such a program. to create a safe social,cultural,and learning Options for Students),which presents to environment.The program combines To promote alcohol-free activities on student organizations,sororities,and fra- university personnel and services from the campus,a weekly Gallery Coffee House is ternities.In addition to presentations,the university community.The Task Force solic- offered with live music,coffee,and food. peer educators sponsor information tables, its feedback and reviews the effectiveness The Ballroom Series offers students and bulletin boards,and printed materials. of various prevention programs. community residents an alcohol-free The E.C.H.O.S.host an Alcohol Awareness environment in which to enjoy local bands. The Task Force strategy builds on the belief Week Safe Spring Break campaign and that prevention messages are more effec- sponsor information tables,bulletin The Women’s Center offers mini-grants of tively conveyed student to student through boards,and printed materials. $200 to student organizations for the most non-traditional approaches.With leader- creative alcohol-free programs,events,or A resource library available to all faculty, ship provided by the Office of the Vice activities.The Women’s Center also pro- staff,and students is located at the President for Student Affairs,the Task Force duces “Our Voice,”a newsletter that focuses Women’s Center,where books,videotapes, promotes alcohol-free social options and a on alcohol abuse and its relationship to and brochures designed to educate,pre- campus environment where destructive violence against women. vent,and refer are available.The Housing abuse is considered undesirable. Office also maintains a resource room. Audience participants rate events very Peer education programs generate student Health Promotion provides Health Care positively,confirming the effectiveness of involvement.Through the Women’s Center, Packs for all residence assistants to do pas- non-traditional prevention methods.The two groups of peer educators speak to sive programming campaigns in their area. coffee house averages 35 people each student organizations on alcohol abuse Focused training is provided for the social night,and events funded by the mini- and associated sexual violence.The chairs of Greek organizations;topics grants reach a total of 1,500 students. Gentlemen’s Agreement is a group of include risk management,party manage- Students’use of alcohol, consequences of 12 male graduates and undergraduates ment techniques,warning signs of exces- substance use,and campus attention to who speak to fraternities and other student sive drinking,and liability issues emerging these issues are monitored through the org a n i z a tions on the legal and inter per s o n a l from state statutes.The Office of University Core Survey.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 136 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Drug Abuse Intervention and Prevention Program Central Michigan University

Contact: departments,weekly movies,participation pr oblems and ways to “care f ro n t”the per s o n . Central Michigan University in National Collegiate Alcohol Awareness The campus offers an addiction anonymous Enrollment:23,390 Public,Four Year Institution Week,mocktails at homecoming games, meeting,as well as individual and group distribution of red ribbons and flyers for a counseling and referral services.This 12-step Mark J. Minelli,Ph.D. Associate Professor safe holiday season,and drinking and driv- support group is offered for persons with Health Advocacy Services ing prevention materials.Advertising is addictive behaviors,such as food,alcohol, Published in 1996 Sourcebook incorporated in the “Bringing You the Beat” drugs,co-dependency,smoking,gambling, monthly calendar and event flyers. spending,and for adult children of alco- Description: holics.The Recovering Persons Prevention Two organizations,PRIDE and GAMMA The university’s long-term commitment Project (R3P) enables recovering chemically (Greeks Advocating Mature Management to addressing alcohol-related problems is dependent individuals to share their of Alcohol) that devote themselves exclu- based on leadership that seeks to manage, strength with one another. sively to substance abuse education.Other rather than solve,these problems.As a student organizations include representa- Several aspects regarding the policy per- result,campus efforts are long-term, tives of each of the campus’sororities and spective are noteworthy:the university ongoing,multi-dimensional,and available fraternities,as well as Eta Sigma Gamma. describes the policy each semester in the for all students and staff.CMU’s program Peer education programs feature the Peer course offering for students and the policy acknowledges that the institutional mis- Advocates for Healthy Lifestyles (PAHLS) is distributed to all employees annually. sion,which emphasizes excellence in and the Recovery Persons Prevention Both on the campus and in the general teaching and an outstanding student Project (R3P).Educational sessions are community a zero tolerance approach learning environment,can be compromised offered for first aid for the intoxicated per- toward alcohol abuse is underway.The uni- by the abuse of drugs and alcohol. sons and trained sexual assault peer advo- versity community policing officer appears Primary leadership for the comprehensive cates are always on call. successful,and a second officer has been campus-wide effort emanates from the hired.The city-wide “Cops in Shops”pro- A new course titled “Peer Education Theory Student Health Promotion/Disease Pre- gram,which helps prevent underage pur- and Practice”is offered,and all athletic vention Programming Group.With monthly chase of alcoholic beverages,has expanded team members must complete a one-credit meetings,which include representatives to the entire county.The police write tickets course on “Drugs and the Athlete.”Other from offices and organizations participat- to enforce the underage drinking laws, curriculum efforts include a Health ing in its monthly meetings,including rep- along with the city ordinance.Alcohol Promotion and Rehabilitation substance resentatives from Campus Police,Residence offenders incur fines which are increased abuse minor,and alcohol-related topics are Life,Health Services,and several student for subsequent offenses.Students are also incorporated in numerous courses. organizations.Leadership also comes from required to attend an alcohol education a full-time prevention educator,a manager Training on the campus reaches various discipline class.The university has estab- of health advocacy services and graduate audiences.The university’s president lished a tailgate policy,which limits the interns.Support is also provided through a recently prepared an introduction trigger amount of alcohol per person and tailgate Wellness Resource Center,which is prima- film for the alcohol policies and procedures parties are dispersed by the third quarter rily a student-run service.One of the most training.Facilities management employees of football games. comprehensive aspects of the campus with commercial driver’s licenses are Evaluation of the campus effort includes effort is extensive awareness and informa- trained to identify signs and symptoms of use of the Core Surveys,a data collected tion campaigns.Highlights include numer- alcohol abuse and ways to confront the project,conducted since the 1970s and ous campus and community health fairs, user.A“Carefrontation”program for the routine program evaluation. featured information on alcohol issues in residence hall staff provides a helpful newsletters from various campus approach for identification of alcohol

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 137 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Drug Education Center Texas Christian University

Contact: by residence hall staff and new student ori- Training seminars and organization-specific Texas Christian University entation staff and through the student manuals work with targeted populations, Enrollment:7,050 Private,Four Year Institution handbook.Students who violate policies such as residence hall staff and academic a first time pay a fine of $75 or perform department and athletic department Angela Taylor,M.S. Director community service.They also receive a personnel.The seminars focus on the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook confidential substance abuse screening effects and consequences of alcohol abuse assessment and attend an education to train attendees in making appropriate Description: group.Second-time violators pay a fine recommendations and referrals.Faculty The Alcohol and Drug Education (ADE) of $150, receive a substance abuse Campus Mentors receive prevention mate- Center provides programs,training, screening assessment,attend an extended rials specific to their academic discipline.In counseling,and alternative activities to education group,perform 20 hours of addition,training is offered to parents of promote healthy lifestyles and responsible community service,and have a letter sent incoming freshmen.TIPS training is pro- decisions.Students are encouraged to to their parents. vided to those most likely to serve alcohol, develop a sense of responsibility for self,for especially fraternity and sorority social The student leadership in the campus-wide others,and for their community by taking a chairs and local bars. effort is provided through the University’s lead in setting behavioral norms for their BACCHUS Chapter,Students Reaching Out Outreach ADE members and student ath- campus community. (SRO),which incorporates four distinct letes work with the Community Association Staff members at the ADE Center include groups.The Campus Mentors receive of Youth Against Drugs and the university’s specialists in substance abuse program- advanced training for personal one-to- Upward Bound Program in the local school ming and training,as well as licensed one helping relationships.Peer Educators district.These coalitions allow participants counselors,who work closely with aca- receive national certification once they are to serve as role models and to present demic departments.At the beginning of trained for interactive prevention pro- prevention programs. each academic year,a two-page article on grams.Hyperfrogs support the university’s To provide media coverage,the campus ways of including drug and alcohol infor- athletic teams.R.O.A.D.(Responsibility of newspaper carries prevention ads every mation in class material is incorporated in Adult Decisions) workers offer free mocktail two weeks.The radio station airs public the “Teaching Effectiveness Bulletin.”An service to student organization functions. service announcements,including those example of the center’s regular involve- In conjunction with R.O.A.D.,SADD prepared by Recording Artists Against ment with academic departments is a (Students Against Drunk Driving) conducts Drunk Driving (RAADD). journalism class that designs a 3-D media a campus-wide safe ride campaign.SRO campaign as their final project.Each also has responsibility for coordinating sev- Evaluation includes the administration student in the class must design a drunk eral activities each semester;among these of the Core Survey every two years, and drugged driving campaign. are Safe Break,National Collegiate Alcohol student evaluations of the education Awareness Week,Red Ribbon Week,Safe groups,and a statistical compilation of The campus’Critical IncidentTask Force Halloween,and Safe Summer. the alcohol violation data base.Results reviews alcohol and drug policies annually. gained from these strategies assist in Stu d e n ts are infor med of the campus pol i c i e s program planning.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 138 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Awareness/Prevention Committee North Central College

Contact: with students.Student Orientation Week socialize outside the residence halls.The North Central College and campus bulletin boards,as well as “Jail & Bail”Program,includes the Vice Enrollment:2,437 Private,Four Year Institution special information bulletins,provide infor- President for Enrollment,Management mation about these resources.The Pre- and Student Affairs who acts as the judge. Barbara J. Miller, M.S.Ed. Assistant to the Vice President for vention Resource Center,housed in the Numerous weekend programs and activi- Enrollment campus Health Center,provides informative ties help create an atmosphere in which Management and Student Affairs materials related to alcohol consumption students enjoy and participate in the many Published in 1996 Sourcebook and/or abuse. events planned at times when “drinking”is considered an alternative activity. Description: Three student organizations are central to The college has been involved in numerous programming efforts.SHAPE,campus peer Evaluation is conducted by the Core Survey, programs and strategies to address alcohol educators,provide campus programs,as which is implemented regularly.Its results issues over the last several years.A review well as make individual contacts,to are used for program planning,evaluation of campus policies and programs recom- address alcohol use and/or abuse and its and assessment.Two substance free resi- mended the establishment of the Alcohol effects.A BACCHUS chapter has a strong dence halls,housing primarily freshman and Other Drug Awareness/Prevention presence on the campus and provides students,provide the opportunity to collect Committee.Members come from many support for programming in the areas data and statistics on vandalism,alcohol- offices on campus and the surrounding of responsible decision-making,alcohol related violations,academic success,and community (see Task Force description in awareness education and drunk driving. retention.The results demonstrate a Staffing and Resources section),and make SAFE (Sexual Assault Free Environment) decline in alcohol-related incidents and a commitment to serve for two years. Educators provide information and make vandalism.Also,the college leadership presentations regarding sexual assault and committee conducted an audit of the The committee plays a critical role in the relationship of alcohol to this problem. alcohol policy. gathering and disseminating information on alcohol-related topics.Further,it pro- Policies are detailed in the student Special target groups on campus are vides support and assistance to all who handbook and through special bulletins freshman,student athletes and women. are committed to alcohol education efforts distributed throughout the campus.An Further,a substance-free wing has been on the campus.Meeting monthly,the com- alcohol education seminar,CHOICES,is instituted in an upper class residence hall. presented to students found in violation of mittee reviews prior events and suggests Overall,the bringing together of numerous the campus alcohol policy and others who ways of improving them. It prepares a individuals and groups on the campus and are referred because of concerns about campus-wide assessment of change in the blending of their expertise,concerns alcohol abuse.Students found in repeat alcohol-related behaviors and develops and passions serve as the key to this violations of the campus policy are referred and implements an extensive promotional campus-wide effort.Their combined to counseling for assessment.Several campaign in which it is “cool”to make the efforts create the foundation for further offices on campus provide “self help”and choice not to drink alcohol or to use alcohol support and provide a collective review of “where to get help”pamphlets and referral responsibly.Further,it implements a the nature and future direction of campus phone numbers related to drinking prob- program that addresses the effects of alcohol issues. second-hand alcohol abuse. lems and concerns about alcohol abuse. Progress appears with a heightened The campus environment as a whole Numerous offices are actively involved in awareness of how drinking affects others, emphasizes alcohol-free activities and the campus-wide effort.The Residence fewer major alcohol-related problems, “natural highs,”and a student-run coffee Life Staff receives training twice a year fewer reports of disturbances due to alco- house,“Coffee Dregs,”provides a place to and shares policy and program resources hol,and few alcohol policy repeat violators.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 139 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Education Program Valdosta State University

Contact: ice-cream sundaes and finger paints are “Uppers,Downers,All Arounders”CD-ROM Valdosta State University provided for students.Another student in which students are given a list of Enrollment:9,585 Public,Four Year Institution initiative is the KARMA (Knowledge, questions they must answer by searching Awareness,Respect,Maturity, through the CD. Randy Haveson,M.A. Achievement) Peer Education Program. Coordinator of Alcohol and Other Drug Curriculum infusion efforts are made Education Students recruited through orientation by encouraging faculty to include Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook programs,introductory classes,and the material from the AOD office in their course campus e-mail system attend a two-hour work.Faculty are made aware that the Description: training and a one-hour small group Coordinator of the AOD Education program The Office of Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) discussion weekly.Following training, and the Peer Educators are available to Education is the nucleus of a campus-wide students give presentations to classes, give presentations in their classroom. effort to provide services and programs for residence halls,Greek organizations,and Presentations are also made at new faculty students,faculty,and staff on substance local high school students on the topics of orientation and departmental meetings. abuse issues.This comprehensive program alcohol,drugs,how to help a friend with integrates educational strategies and a substance abuse problem,sexual assault, Another important service provided by the treatment resources for all aspects of the eating disorders,and HIV/AIDS.The peers Office of AOD Education is the confidential campus community.Assisting the program are also involved in community efforts, assessment and short-term early recovery coordinator is the campus Task Force on working with the local Red Ribbon Week program.Students may receive short-term Alcohol and Other Drugs that consists committee,working with at-risk youth in counseling in the AOD Office or through the of students,faculty,and administrators the middle and high schools,and creating campus Counseling Center.Referrals may from a variety of campus offices and and performing puppet shows for local also be made to community agencies. organizations. elementary school children. The effectiveness of the campus effort is Students guide many of the campus-wide A significant“teachable moment”comes evaluated through use of the Core Survey. efforts through Natural Highs,affiliated after a student is cited for violation of the Other evaluative measures include the level with the national BACCHUS organization. campus drug and alcohol policy.A number of student participation at events and Natural Highs organizes major campus of educational opportunities are provided programs,evaluations given after class events,such as Alcohol Awareness Week for the violators of the policy.Depending presentations,the number of students and Safe Spring Break Party,and provides on the severity of the violation and the attending confidential assessments, activities and programs for students on cooperation level of the student,the viola- and the number repeat offenders of the the weekends.During finals week each tor may receive a comprehensive chemical campus drug and alcohol policy. academic term, Natural Highs sponsors dependency assessment,attend OCTAA,or “Scoops & Scribbles,”at which time go on a “scavenger hunt”through the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 140 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Programs La Salle University

Contact: make a conjecture regarding their level of An alternative program allows students La Salle University intoxication. to participate in an alcohol awareness Enrollment:5,590 seminar when they violate the university’s Private,Four Year Institution The “Dear John”campaign uses “refrigerator alcohol policy.Conducted by the University Robert J. Chapman,Ph.D. magnets” bearing AOD information and Peers,this program informs participants Alcohol/Other Drug Program Coordinator campus phone numbers.These are posted Published in 1997-98 Sourcebook about alcohol and its impact upon the in every bathroom stall in the residence hall. consumer. Role play stages situations involving Description: The university’s clinical program incorpo- The comprehensive Alcohol and Other Drug drinking (e.g.,one roommate confronting rates three elements.Individual counseling Program is staffed by a full-time Addictions another about his/her drinking).At a services are available upon referral or Counselor and a part-time graduate crucial point,the action is frozen and the request.“Pre-treatment”counseling is assistant.The program provides individual facilitator prompts the audience to ques- available for individuals who may be at risk assessments and referrals,short-term tion the role players as to how they feel of developing a problem with alcohol or counseling,program development,and about being confronted or confronting. other drugs.Group counseling is available community education. Other services of the community education to the university community at large. A central portion of the campus-wide program include a newsletter,topical work- AOD programs on alcohol have been effort is community education. shops in the residence halls,and a resource developed for courses in human genetics, Implemented by trained peers,this pro- center.Alcohol-related programming is personnel management,economics, gram is coordinated by a graduate student also provided in Alcohol Awareness Month, literature,global history,and others. Resident Educator who supervises the which developed from the long-sponsored training and activities of approximately Alcohol Awareness Week. Evaluation includes formal survey tools and interview techniques to assess student 12 peer educators.The community The Resource Center incorporates drug perceptions of the AOD Program and its education program provides opportunities and alcohol computer networks,bulletin activities.In addition,a small scale qualita- for students,staff,and faculty to obtain boards,and databases that facilitate per- tive review of faculty satisfaction of the information from different experiential sonal assessment.Students are encouraged program suggests that it is visible,valu- activities.One activity is “non-alcohol beer to seek consultation to discuss information able,and effective in its efforts to provide tasting”in which non-alcoholic beers are gained from the assessment process.The accurate information for decision-making sampled at the university’s alcohol-free Resource Center also includes brochures regarding drugs and alcohol. nightclub.In another activity,a breath ana- and other printed material.An AOD lyzer is set up at the entrance to a resident related Web page has also been estab- hall on a university“party night.”Students lished on campus. have the opportunity to test their blood alcohol level,review their feelings and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 141 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Resource Center Bentley College

Contact: Ultimately,the aim is to increase the and Wellness Fair and the Sexual Assault Bentley College students’knowledge about alcohol and Awareness Day. Enrollment:6,401 drugs and give them accurate,consistent Private,Four Year Institution Interactive computer programs and information to use in making informed Eydie Liebman,M.S.S. Internet access are widely available in the decisions.The goal also includes strength- Student Life Coordinator for Resource Center,as are books,journals,and Substance Abuse Prevention ening students’decision-making and com- videotapes.Brochures are supplied on a Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook munications skills that they can apply in variety of topics – including basic facts high-risk situations.Further,the Resource about alcohol,alcohol first aid,date rape, Description: Center staff attempts to increase the interventions,and campus and off-campus The implementation of the drug and number of students who attend drug resources.Students are encouraged to help alcohol program involves many offices – and alcohol education programs,attend create brochures on topics not represented. including Residence Life,Counseling and training sessions,are involved in alcohol- Student Development,Student Health free events,and are engaged in the Judicial sanctions implemented by the Services,Campus Police,Athletics,and planning of theme weeks.The Resource center include:a“minor”alcohol violation Student Affairs.The Alcohol and Other Center funds and implements the Falcon program that reviews college policy and Drug Resource Center was created to Challenge,a program that gives students basic alcohol facts; a“serious”alcohol house materials and training efforts. incentives to plan and attend substance- violation program that reviews high-risk This Resource Center is centrally located free events on campus. and low-risk choices,the risks of getting on the campus,making it accessible to drunk,decision-making skills;and a “host- Programs on risk management,social host all members of the college community. liability”program that reviews the college liability,alcohol first aid,interventions,and policy and provides information on how to The goal of the program is an environment related issues are conducted for residence host a safe“legal”party.The “A Step Ahead” that is healthy,safe,and conducive to aca- hall groups,at orientation programs,with Program is an eight-week program for demic achievement.The staff believes it athletic teams,and with Greek letter students who are returners to the judicial must create a culture to promote this envi- organizations.Training is provided system.For infractions of college policy, ronment,and faculty and staff believe they throughout the year for all Residence Life students can be assessed community can be effective in promoting this healthy staff,prior members of the campus judicial service hours in addition to attendance lifestyle only if they are kept informed of boards,and other campus leaders.Peer at education programs. health and wellness issues.The Alcohol and educators,Students Promoting Responsible Other Drug Resource Center serves as a Issues To Everyone (S.P.R.I.T.E.),help organ- venue for collecting and distributing this ize campus programs such as the Health information.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 142 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Awareness Program Virginia Commonwealth University

Contacts: Spring Break party,daily displays with The student group “Men Against Rape” Virginia Commonwealth University alcohol facts,regular education programs, participates in rape prevention education Enrollment:21,349 Public,Four Year Institution resource tables,and SIT-TV (Stay in Touch – and annually sponsors a White Ribbon television information on screens in the Campaign to raise awareness about Maureen Earley, M.Ed. Assistant Director of Health Promotion student commons).The Stall Street Journal sexual assault. is a one-page newsletter posted on a regu- Vicki Mistr,Ph.D. The BEER (Believing Everyone can Enjoy Coordinator lar basis in residence hall bathroom stalls. Reality) Peers are a component of the Substance Abuse Programs Daily displays educate students about the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook university’s campus alcohol strategies. dangers of alcohol abuse and reinforce This diverse group of 15 students receives students whose approach to alcohol use leadership training in communication, Description: is not abusive. The goals of the university’s alcohol aware- presentation skills,OCTAA,and related ness program are to raise faculty,staff,and In addition to the OCTAA instruction,TIPS alcohol issues.The BEER Peers,in teams student awareness of alcohol issues,to (Training for Intervention Procedures by of two to four,annually present deliver educational and support programs servers in training) educates Residence Life approximately 40 programs to students on alcohol,and to provide alternative activ- staff about serving alcohol.“Fishing for a and community groups. Guest Lecture?”offers classroom lectures by ities to foster a social environment that The campus alcohol policies are widely health promotion staff and peer educators does not emphasize alcohol. Over the past distributed throughout the campus com- on alcohol and related health and wellness 10 years,the campus Office of Health munity,and the university’s cooperative issues.A brochure is distributed that Promotion has expanded to meet the agreement with the city police refers stu- advertises the guest lecture program,as education needs of the campus commu- dents who are arrested on alcohol charges are special editions of the health promo- nity.The strategies include a careful to the university’s OCTAA training.Faculty tion newsletter “Health Update”that assessment to establish goals and objec- and staff on the campus hearing board contains alcohol facts,suggestions on tives and evaluation to guide future efforts. receive specialized training about the incorporating alcohol education into the Trained health professionals,peer effects of alcohol to help them in their courses,and information about the science educators,and faculty members provide adjudication of a sexual assault allegation. of alcohol abuse.Faculty members receive education to raise awareness,allocate a brochure entitled “Alcohol Education The College Health Risk Behavior Survey resources,and empower the community ...What Can You Do? Make An and the Commuter Student Survey con- to address alcohol issues. Assignment.”New Student Orientation tribute to campus assessment and the Alcohol Awareness Weeks is a concentrated presents several student programs about evaluation program.Results guide pro- multi-media three-week event held prior alcohol abuse (e.g.,parents can see gramming about risk behavior of college to spring break.The occasion provides “Smoothing the Waters,”a presentation students and help identify the best ways instruction on OCTAA (On-Campus Talking about alcohol use confronting students as to reach the commuter student. About Alcohol),Let’s Be Frank Day,a Safe they move into the college community).

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 143 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol/Other Drug and Violence Prevention Program Middlesex Community College

Contact: is to participate in the development, prevention and education activities, Middlesex Community College implementation,and evaluation of each of 26 support groups meet weekly on one Enrollment:6,021 Public,Two Year Institution the campus program initiatives. of the campuses.These support groups are attended by students and community Judith Ramirez,R.N.,M.S.W. A primary thrust of the campus program is members,and include Alcoholics Project Director the involvement with student peer educa- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Anonymous,Narcotics Anonymous, tors.The “Matter of Fact”Improvisational Al-Anon,and Court-Mandated Batterers Theater Troupe performs alcohol-abuse- Group. Description: related vignettes for student audiences at With a student population of commuters both campuses four times each year;and Several curriculum-related components are divided between a suburban campus and the program is presented to the commu- part of the campus-wide initiatives.One an urban campus,the college’s comprehen- nity’s high school students.Following each course on alcoholism is offered in the Social sive program targets a wide range of men performance,the actors remain in character Sciences Program,and another course and women.The overall goal of the pro- while the narrator circulates through the offered in the Business Administration gram is to influence student attitudes audience and encourages discussion in a Program covers the laws applicable to so that there is a behavioral change in situ- non-threatening atmosphere. hotel,motel,and restaurant operations. ations related to students’life experiences, Other curriculum-related projects include both on and off the campus.Specific Students also receive training in mediation the development of a one-credit course in objectives include providing students with and conflict resolution.Mediation Centers conflict resolution techniques,a student- alternative socializing models,changing on each campus are staffed by students, led mediation workshop,and information students’perceptions about alcohol use, faculty,and staff,each of whom volunteers sessions and panel presentations. and reducing violence among students to provide 32 hours of service. Marketing of the campus effort is through the introduction of conflict Presentations on alcohol abuse and alcohol conducted through letters,posters,flyers, resolution and peer mediation models. awareness are made on the campuses,pri- e-mail,voice mail,classroom announce- Leadership is provided by the Program marily in the cafeteria where there is the ments,and advertising in the campus Director who is assisted by student peer greatest student traffic.These sessions are newspaper.Advertising also occurs in volunteers from the Law Center,faculty, led by students who have had personal local newspapers and on cable TV through and a 10-member Advisory Board.Serving experience with alcohol abuse and by the services of the college’s Publicity on the Advisory Board are two students community leaders who are working in Department.An evaluation is conducted from each campus,a faculty member, the field of drug and alcohol abuse issues. through the use of the Core Drug and community representatives,and three Information sessions also demonstrate Alcohol Survey and a Student Needs administrators.The Advisory Board’s role the effectiveness of peer mediation and Assessment. conflict resolution.In addition to the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 144 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Task Force College of William and Mary

Contact: college catalog,and in a separate pam- trained and certified in the BACCHUS College of William and Mary phlet.Enforcement of the alcohol policy model;they participate in awareness Enrollment:7,709 Public,Four Year Institution is based on “self determination,” which campaigns and deliver programs through- holds students responsible for infractions out the academic year. Mary Crozier, Ed.S. in the residence hall and upholding the Substance Abuse Educator Strategies designed to affect the campus Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook honor code. environment include the Meridian Coffee Multiple approaches are used in the House and the University Center’s Activities Description: awareness and information activities. Board (U.C.A.B.).The U.C.A.B.promotes College personnel believe that substance SoberFest is the Alcohol Awareness Week, 50 entertainment events each semester, abuse prevention efforts are the shared the centerpiece of which is the Progressive including films,bands,coffee houses, responsibility of the entire community.The Party,sponsored by various student groups. novelty activities,dances,lectures,and Alcohol Task Force strives to create a “safety Outreach education is offered to different cultural programming. net of educated persons which includes groups,including the Greek Life Council, students,faculty and administrators.”The Assessment evaluation initiatives have pledge groups,athletic teams,and resi- campus-wide Alcohol Task Force oversees been undertaken since 1989,and since dence halls.Passive programming includes drug and alcohol prevention programming 1993 the Alcohol Task Force has developed posted literature,give-away materials, for the university.Specific goals are elimi- and implemented a faculty survey.These and referral numbers.Annual awareness nating underage drinking,reducing abuse surveys help the committee to understand campaigns include Safe Spring Break and of alcohol among those who choose to patterns of use,guide programming,iden- AIDS Awareness activities.The F.I.S.H.(Free drink and for whom it is legal, reduction tify strengths,and evaluate effectiveness Information on Student Health) Bowl is a of negative consequences,and support for impact.Other signs of effectiveness include student-run resource center.Containing those who choose not to drink. These goals the receipt of awards and letters of books,videos,posters,pamphlets,and are accomplished through programming recognition,as well as evaluations of journals,the F.I.S.H.Bowl is staffed by that systematically targets and tailors specific events and increases in student 30 trained student volunteers who answer programs for groups on campus. participation in alcohol education and questions,make referrals,assist with prevention efforts. The alcohol policy,a single policy for academic research,and check out faculty and students revised annually,is materials.In addition to the F.I.S.H.Bowl distributed in the student handbook,the volunteers,peer health educators are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 145 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus Alcohol and Drug Education Program (CADEP) University of Texas at Austin

Contact: Alcohol;A New Game Plan; How to Help a SADD members provide presentations to University of Texas at Austin Friend Who’s Had Too Much to Drink;and other student groups about DUI preven- Enrollment:47,957 Public,Four Year Institution Stress Management.A related initiative is tion,and guidelines for utilizing and the Lifestyle Management Class (LMC), a accessing the UT-DDP;they also volunteer Debora J.Orrick,M.A. Coordinator four-hour,non-credit class offered by to staff the UT-DDP Phone Center. Student Health Center CADEP that emphasizes student skills CADEP also addresses individual needs con- Published in 1996 Sourcebook development for college lifestyles manage- cerning alcohol and drug-related problems. ment,including alcohol management,goal CADEP provides Individual Educational Description: setting and stress management.The classes Consultations which are confidential,pri- The Student Health Center’s Campus are primarily attended by students with a vate sessions in which students can talk Alcohol and Drug Education Program disciplinary referral from a campus office or with professional CADEP staff about (CADEP) provides a continuum of primary a local or state municipal court.CADEP personal concerns regarding their own use, and secondary prevention services for uni- Lifestyle Management Peer Advisors have or the use by a loved-one,of drugs,alcohol, versity students.These range from operat- been trained to teach these classes. or tobacco.The program utilizes “motiva- ing a resource center and coordinating Students participating in the class are tional interviewing”in these sessions and awareness weeks to training peer advisors encouraged to engage in a self-assessment is free-of-charge for the student.For those and conducting educational programs for pr ocess to examine the rel a tionship of alcoh o l students who have concerns about their disciplinary referrals. use to their academic career and personal drinking or drug use,or who are engaged goals and to their college lifestyle manage- CADEP utilizes a harm reduction or harm in a pattern of high risk use,CADEP will ment strategies. minimization approach to reducing the provide early intervention services,such as negative consequences associated with CADEP staff also advises UT’s Designated problem severity assessment,moderation substance use.The model is an abstinence- Driver program (UT-DDP),which includes management education or recommenda- based,but not an abstinence-only, free taxi cab rides for students who are tions for abstinence (as appropriate) and approach.The methods used by CADEP are too intoxicated to drive or who are with community referral services for treatment based on the assumption that behaviors someone who is too intoxicated to drive. and recovery for chemical dependency. and habits can be placed along a contin- The UT-DDP is coordinated by a student An educational consultation is usually uum of beneficial to harmful conse- board of directors with advising and one-hour in length,with optional follow- quences.The goal of harm reduction is to oversight by CADEP staff.This program is up sessions available upon request. move an individual with substance use funded by the University’s Student Fees Training is offered for student leaders, concerns along this continuum toward Committee and operates every Thursday, staff and faculty,and includes intervention more positive and more satisfying levels Friday and Saturday night.The service only training,overview of college substance use, of health. takes a student home,not to another party and stress and time management. Central to the implementation of CADEP or bar.The taxi cab service is coordinated CADEP also coordinates the Campus is the Lifestyle Management Peer Advisor through the UT-DDP phone bank and the Alcohol and Drug Education Network program.The Peer Outreach program cabs are dispatched after verification that (CADEN) which is an informal meeting receives academic credit through the Uni- the caller is an enrolled student and the of UT faculty and staff who are involved versity’s Department of Kinesiology and address they are being taken to is their in research,curriculum,development,or Health Education.Students receive training current address.CADEP also coordinates a programs that address alcohol,tobacco, in one-on-one consultation skills,as well as Students Against Driving Drunk Chapter or drug issues. in making presentations.Topics include (SADD) which functions as the “safety Alcohol Management;Women,Men and education”component for the UT-DDP.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 146 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus-wide Initiatives University of Virginia

Contact: Peer health educators (PHEs) provide infor- The third targeted audience is the first-year University of Virginia mation and referrals on alcohol issues students.Through a theater performance Enrollment:18,011 Public,Four Year Institution through patient education.They also presented during orientation,these stu- present awareness events and programs dents are introduced to a variety of risky Susan J. Grossman, Ed.D. Associate Director targeted to address numerous health top- behaviors and issues,including alcohol Institute for Substance Abuse Studies ics,including alcohol and other substance abuse.Following the performance,the Published in 1996 Sourcebook use.Their competence-based (rather first-year students discuss with their RAs, than fear-based) programs provide trained First Year Focus facilitators and Description: opportunities to create a more positive peers the vignettes on student life that The Institute for Substance Abuse Studies university climate. they have just seen. (ISAS) is a multi-disciplinary organization Three other specialized programs exist for Another initiative offered at the university that coordinates the educational and targeted audiences.The Student Athlete is the very popular Friday Night Series, research activities related to substance Mentor (SAM) Program is designed to which includes a variety of events spon- abuse prevention at the university.Numer- work student athletes.Students trained sored by the university union. By providing ous offices at the university work in con- as SAMs are elected by their respective consistent,quality programs on a Friday junction with ISAS to implement substance athletic teams to serve as peer substance night (e.g.,concerts,movies,comedy),the abuse education/prevention programs.The abuse prevention specialists.The goal of university community shows students that Alcohol,Tobacco and Other Drug (ATOD) the SAMs is to establish a safer social envi- there are fun alcohol-free events that they Advisory Committee,a forum of admini- ronment within their team that will result can attend. strators,staff and student organizational in the reduction of the negative conse- leaders,assesses the university culture An annual Fourth Year 5K Fun Run/Walk quences due to the misuse and abuse of and climate,and makes recommendations is offered by the peer health educators. drugs or alcohol.They serve as resources for initiatives to further address alcohol, This was created as an alternative to the for their teammates for information and tobacco and drugs. tradition where fourth-year students support,use their skills to recognize consume a fifth of alcohol at the last home Training is a key element of the university’s unhealthy behaviors,and make appropriate football game. efforts.Residence Hall Senior Staff receive referrals when necessary. pre-service training with a major emphasis Ads in two student-run newspapers and The Inter-Sorority Council (ISC) and Inter- on the personal challenges of being a leader on radio have proven successful in raising Fraternity Council (IFC) work together on a and the many implications of choices alcohol awareness during the semi-annual variety of initiatives to combat underage regarding alcohol.This training helps them awareness campaigns. drinking and alcohol abuse by members in their follow-up discussions on alcohol pol- of their organizations.One such endeavor Finally,the University Judiciary Committee, icy with the RAs,other staff and residents. is the Party Patrol,a student-monitoring a student-run organization,investigates TIPS training (training for intervention system for fraternity-hosted parties and and adjudicates alleged violators of the procedures),is a two-hour server inter- fraternity and sorority mixers.A second university’s alcohol policy and standards vention program designed for individuals IFC/ISC initiative is the Greek Risk of conduct.This committee typically refers who will be serving alcohol. It addresses Managers (GRMs) Program.This network violators to a variety of university pro- the effects of alcohol on the body,how of fraternity and sorority peer educators, grams,particularly On Campus Talking to assess intoxication in others and selected by the IFC and ISC,assists in the About Alcohol (OCTAA). intervention strategies for dealing with education of officers,social chairs,risk intoxicated individuals. managers and pledge educators.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 147 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Center for Drug and Alcohol Education Colorado State University

Contact: the individuals who have consumed too reaching fellow athletes.P.C.A.promotes Colorado State University much,address tailgating violations and healthy lifestyles and encourages positive Enrollment:21,451 Public,Four Year Institution take away bottles and cans (distributing choices among student athletes.The R.A.M. cups in their place).In addition,the Athletic Team is designed as a two-credit course Maureen Conway Director Department and the TEAM coalition are emphasizing alcohol and sexual assault, Center for Drug and Alcohol Education reviewing alcohol management policies for drugs,academics and campus resources. Published in 1996 Sourcebook their facilities.The tailgating policy requires The G.O.L.D.Team provides student athlete a special events permit when groups of 25 consultation training and support.It pres- Description: or more are congregating at football ents programs to the various athletic teams Colorado State University’s program com- games.Enforcement is further supple- on the campus. prises a wide range of services and efforts mented by campus police efforts with Curriculum infusion is conducted and from awareness and information to peer- impaired driving,a“Party Poopers”effort numerous classes reach 2,800 students. based activities and includes staffing and conducted by the city police department Faculty with training in the campus BASE- innovative implementation approaches. and an alcohol summit which is imple- LINE program have a commitment to cre- mented for both planning and enforce- Operational since 1984,the university’s ate infusion modules and course outlines. ment services. approach for the comprehensive program In some courses the Center for Drug and is based on the themes of prevention, Another ongoing initiative is SNAP (Saturday Alcohol Education provides course sessions intervention,harm reduction and commu- Night Alternative Program),which provides to students. nity collaboration. an opportunity for open recreation,as well Support services include “Learning Utterly as activities for children of CSU community Awareness and information constitute a Important Information.”This weekly three- members.A poster contest,designed to pro- large portion of CSU’s initiatives,such as hour workshop provides an interactive and mote cultural change through creative the “Community Strategies Unlimited” informative approach that examines risky graphic art,depicts a low use norm. orientation program,a one-hour session behaviors,misperceptions,and addiction. with the theme “It’s Me; It’s Now; I Can;” A date rape mock trial is conducted by a local A continuum of use and personal appli- emphasizes strategies for building a district court judge in a mock courtroom. cations are also presented. healthy and vital community and deals A new resource is the Home Page for the Collaboration for this campus-based effort with the facts and strategies regarding World Wide Web,which incorporates help- includes an initiative entitled Team Fort alcohol issues.A“To Drink or Not To ... ful information on how to help oneself and Collins,which is a community partnership ”video,developed for incoming students to others.Its goal is to create a resource that for prevention.CADE (Coalition of Alcohol correct misperceptions of alcohol use,high- will not reveal the identity of the user and and Drug Educators),a decade old regional lights 25 students who present numerous will thus be a method for providing confi- coalition,is an issues forum,a support reasons for not using alcohol,giving a real dential information to at-risk individuals. system and an information-sharing net- face to the 30% of CSU students who do work for professionals and students in the not use alcohol. Complementing these efforts are peer Rocky Mountain area. approaches.One of these is B.O.L.T.(Based Policies and procedures incorporate some On Life Theater) which features skits per- Evaluation of the campus effort is con- interesting approaches.One is the “Positive formed by non-theater students on alco- ducted by the Core Survey every two years. Impact”program,an organization of stu- hol,dating,violence and other health There is a yearly review of the stadium dent volunteers who work to enhance the issues.P.C.A.(Peer Counselors in Athletics) data,as well as an Athlete Lifestyle safety and enjoyment of participants at and the R.A.M.(Ram Athlete Mentoring) Assessment. university events.At football games,for Team provide student approaches for example,the volunteers transport home

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 148 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Center for the Study of Addiction Texas Tech University

Contact: The comprehensive program implemented When a student makes a higher grade- Texas Tech University by the center focuses on the creation of a point average in any given semester,the Enrollment:24,185 Public,Four Year Institution “Community of Recovering Students.”One scholarship is increased the following segment is the Addiction and Substance semester.To further assist in finances, Debbie Frapp Assistant Director Abuse Specialist (A.S.A.S.) organization, the center has raised over $500,000 in Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook a registered student organization with endowed scholarships to help qualified over 200 members.Comprising recovering students return to school. students,students who want to become Description: Substance Abuse Studies (S.A.S.) is an Initiated in 1986,the Center for the Study addiction counselors,and those who want integrated,interdisciplinary academic of Addiction implements strategies to to be affiliated with a group committed curriculum in addiction studies.The cur- create a “recovering community”environ- to substance free living,A.S.A.S.has riculum provides a thorough preparation ment on the Texas Tech University campus. raised over $60,000 for scholarships for for students who want to be knowledge- Designed to help students make the recovering persons. able about addiction and recovery and transition from “recovering addict”to The center also holds support groups, meets state educational requirements “productive,responsible citizen,”the center such as Alcoholics Anonymous,Narcotics for licensing as a chemical dependency provides support for over 200 recovering Anonymous,Al-Anon,and Celebration counselor.Specific courses include family students to study together,play together, of Recovery (a special group for all types dynamics,addictive relationships,treat- work together,and live together. of recovering students).Average combined ment,health-education programming, In helping the recovering community,the weekly attendance at these meetings criminology,behavior,society,and center has had an effect on the entire stu- exceeds 400 students.Counseling for financial counseling. dent body.During its years of operation, alcoholics and addicts is one aspect of the The Service Plus policy at the center is there has been less than a 5 percent campus services.Extensive involvement conducted by having a diverse continuum relapse rate among recovering students with students who are children of alco- of services and care.Overall,the center is associated with the center,compared to holics is also a component of the program. highly successful.Its efforts are recognized the suspension of more than 50 percent The center also offers a peer support by national agencies and organizations. of the recovering students enrolled at the process by providing tutorial assistance for An average of two students a week enter university prior to the center’s existence. recovering students.Students are expected into recovery as a result of the activities of Further documentation of success shows to help each other in the basics,especially the center and the widely known support an average 3.37 cumulative grade-point in learning how to study.Participating groups.The center’s services have an influ- average for currently enrolled recovering students receive an academic incentive ence on both the recovering student and students,compared to 2.68 for all univer- scholarship of $500 per semester when the overall student body. sity undergraduates. they maintain a 2.5 grade-point average.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 149 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Center of Alternatives for Human Development Inter American University of Puerto Rico and Prevention San German Campus

Contacts: personnel from the residence halls,peer incorporated into the basic curriculum for Inter American University counselors,student organization directors future teachers.The success of this effort is of Puerto Rico San German Campus and faculty and staff coordinators. enhanced by having an advisory commit- tee composed of faculty members. Enrollment:6,392 The center staff is involved in developing Private,Four Year Institution the campus policy on drug and alcohol use Third,the Basic Academic Course Program Maria S. Torres Figueroa,M.A. and abuse.It also carries out a series of includes prevention education materials in Director educational activities and provides early basic courses in all departments on cam- Norma Lugo, M.A. Project Coordinator intervention and referral services on the pus.Critical to the success of this initiative Drug Prevention Program campus.The center is also a major clearing- is the implementation of a Faculty Advisory Published in 1996 Sourcebook house for information and technical sup- Board consisting of 14 professors who rep- port for other programs in the area.It resent most of the academic departments. Description: sponsors four alcohol-free social events Formal integration of the prevention con- Established in 1989,this initiative each semester at the recently established cepts are included in courses on grammar, exemplifies the belief that campuses College Cafe. literature,critical and logical thinking, can and should be more positive learning anatomy and physiology,human relations, Central to the university’s campus-wide environments.The goal of the university’s marketing and psychology. initiative is the Curriculum Infusion prevention activities is to develop a “critical Prevention Strategy program.The Peer Faculty training workshops are provided mass”of campus community members. Support Groups sponsor approximately 25 with an average of 15 professors in each To achieve this goal,the emphasis is on activities each year,which reach thousands workshop.Included in the faculty training change in the overall campus environment. of students.Developed and implemented is a videotaped recording of a class in While the comprehensive approach to complement the established prevention which curricular infusion is used.Faculty involves various institutional components and education program activities,three members are trained to work as a team to and individuals,faculty members are elements are integral to this program.First develop the Introduction to University Life especially highlighted since they have is the Freshman Orientation Course,a life course.Further,in each academic depart- significant influence with students.The skills program into which drugs and alcohol ment two faculty members are trained in prevention program applies to students, issues are incorporated.In the first two the curriculum infusion strategy. faculty and staff,and actively involves years of the project,32 faculty were trained volunteers. Evaluation of the effort,conducted by an in the new course modality.A faculty man- external reviewer,is ongoing and includes The comprehensive effort has three ual and student guide that includes the favorable ratings by students and by major elements:a Peer Support Group for 25 lessons was also developed. faculty/staff.Further,a Faculty Needs Students,a Faculty Support and Advisory A second aspect is the Pre-Service Teacher Assessment Questionnaire assesses Team,and a Community-Based Program Training program.The selection of the most knowledge,attitudes and teaching Advisory Committee.Each of these efforts appropriate courses to integrate into the methodologies used.Also noteworthy is coordinated by the program staff.The prevention component was accomplished is that,in the Freshman Orientation Course, center has a full-time staff and orients its in this program.Instructional guides are significant changes are found in various activities to the entire university com- available for Society and Education,Human attitudes,perceptions,knowledge,career munity.Personnel from throughout the Development and Learning of Instruction, self-commitment,self-confidence and university are trained and integrated into Methodology,and Technological Resources peer pressure. a team to deal effectively with the alcohol for Teaching and Teaching Practicum. problems on the campus.They are Prevention education activities are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 150 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Collaborative University of Campus Initiatives Wisconsin – Whitewater

Contact: Awareness Team (WHAT) involves trained The Department of Safety Studies offers University of Wisconsin – students who perform a play that exam- six sections of the course “Alcohol and Whitewater Enrollment:10,441 ines the connection between sexual assault Other Drugs”each semester.This course Public,Four Year Institution and alcohol use.Students also make up reaches 265 students each year and also Lynn Mucha,M.S.W. the Student Health Advisory Committee, provides effective referral for both the EAP/SAP Coordinator which provides feedback on the campus SAP and the University Health and Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook culture and peer norms associated with Counseling Services.The Residence Life alcohol use.This committee recently staff conductWhat About You (WAY),an Description: conducted a series of focus groups on alcohol education seminar for Residence The approach to alcohol education,preven- themes related to drinking behaviors, Hall students who are sanctioned for tion,and intervention is a collaborative and campus norms,and peer perceptions alcohol policy violations. complementary effort involving the entire of substance use. One innovative approach to promoting campus and members of the local commu- The university’s Employee Assistance alcohol-free activities that is popular on nity.Leadership for the program comes Program (EAP) publishes a quarterly campus is the Underground Dance Club from numerous offices.Initiatives emerge newsletter for faculty and staff. offered every Thursday night.This event, from the Student Assistance Program “Constructive Stepping Stones”contains sponsored by the Campus Activities and (SAP),Department of Residence Life,the information related to student alcohol use Programs Office,provides a safe,super- Employee Assistance Program (EAP),and and trends to provide faculty and staff with vised,and alcohol-free environment where the Department of Safety Studies. information on the student population. students are encouraged to dance and SAP,housed in the University Health and socialize.The average attendance of Training is provided throughout the aca- Counseling Services,is the primary resource nearly 600 students each week testifies demic year.Residence Life staff receive for intervention and referral.It sponsors to its success. training on signs and symptoms,crisis events for National Collegiate Alcohol intervention,and intervention and referral For evaluation,the Core Survey is adminis- Awareness Week and Safe Spring Break methods and resources.The University tered to students by the SAP every two activities.SAP’s other activities include an Health and Counseling staff and affiliated years.In addition,a centralized method annual Alcohol Awareness Poster contest interns participate in in-service training. of tracking drug- and alcohol-related held in conjunction with Spring Break. Faculty and staff receive departmental negative consequences is being imple- It also provides educational programs for training and written information.The mented to gather data for outcome other campus organizations and places University Health and Counseling Services measures.This system will gauge the articles and prevention advertisements also conducts a violence survey that effectiveness of prevention programs in the campus newspaper throughout identifies correlations between alcohol by recording changes in the frequency the year. and drug use and the violence-related of negative consequences of alcohol Integral to the campus program is peer experiences of students. use experienced by students. involvement.The Whitewater Health

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 151 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Committee on Alcohol and Substance Awareness University of Washington

Contact: by the Residence Hall Student Theater Freshmen Interest Groups (FIGs) help University of Washington Troupe“Reality Check,”distribution of incoming freshmen enter the university’s Enrollment:36,585 Public,Four Year Institution bookmarks and posters with prevention community.Program participants are themes,a quiz entitled “What’s Your placed in “clusters”of three to five classes Deborah Costar, M.A. Assistant to the Vice President for Student Alcohol IQ?”and a health fair.The informa- and take part in weekly seminars and Affairs tion brochure“It’s a Never-Win Situation” social activities.Substance awareness pro- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook outlines alcohol and other drug informa- grams are incorporated in these seminars. tion and sources of assistance.Other efforts Through the Addictive Behaviors Research Description: include Fall Fling,an alcohol-free activity Center in the Department of Psychology, The university provides a wide array of welcoming students back to the campus; a Project Dionysus provides educational and services and programming designed to brochure entitled Your Safety . ..Your evaluation services.A menu of programs provide students with education and Health,which includes policies and laws for fraternities and sororities is offered, assistance in making good decisions and on alcohol and other drugs;a sexual assault including “When Drinking is Risky reducing the risks associated with sub- brochure;and quarterly advertisements in Business,”“Here’s Looking at You,”“Sex,Lies stance use and abuse.Much of the educa- the student newspaper. and Alcohol,”“Alcohol:The Magic Elixir,” tional programming is coordinated by “Alcohol:What’s the Problem?”and “Playing Policy initiatives include registration the Student Affairs Committee on Alcohol the Game:A Date RapeVideo.”Academic agreements with fraternities and sororities, and Substance Awareness (CASA),which courses addressing alcohol issues are implementation of rules and regulations includes students,staff,and faculty offered in the Department of Psychology,as in the campus stadium,and the Residence members.In addition to implementing well as in the School of Nursing,the School Hall Patrol unit of the University Police. educational programs,the committee dis- of Pharmacy,and other academic units. Fraternities and sororities are required tributes information about other substance to register parties where alcohol is to be Evaluation of institution-wide efforts education resources and programs on consumed and to conduct educational includes records kept of the number of the campus. programs on substance awareness for participants in substance awareness A key aspect of the campus-wide effort their members. programs and activities,oral and written is the play“Talkin’About It”,the story of a comments on the offerings solicited from Targeted services include a Substance and college student confronted by problems program participants,and a biennial Alcohol-Free Environment (SAFE) House. associated with substance abuse. University Life and Substance Use Survey This living option permits students to live Performances of the play are followed by providing comparisons of students’ in a community where alcohol,illegal discussions led by a specially trained student. reported behaviors and ratings of commit- substances,and tobacco products are tee programs.A review of the results Substance Awareness Week offers a wide not permitted. range of events,including a Wall of provides the committee with on-going Awareness,a coffeehouse,a performance information about future directions.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 152 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Community Approach to Alcohol and Other Drugs The University of Michigan

Contact: of any other student organization. Over faculty,and staff members.Students may The University of Michigan one-half of the student rooms are desig- self-refer for a preliminary self-assessment Enrollment:36,687 Public,Four Year Institution nated substance free,and applications for and general information,using such tools this popular option currently exceed the as the “Drink Wheel.”In-depth counseling Mary Louise Antieau Assistant to the Vice President for number of spaces available.Linkages with is also available at the Counseling and Student Affairs the surrounding community are found in Psychological Services,and more special- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook the membership of the Policy Council and ized treatment is available in the surround- in the collaboration with licensed vendors ing community.The Faculty and Staff Description: to discourage underage drinking and irre- Assistance Program staff is trained to con- Various units on campus establish their sponsible consumption of alcohol. duct preliminary assessments and to refer own substance policies,which are reviewed students to appropriate services.Student Student leaders and peer groups provide by the university Policy Council. Awareness peer educators conduct presentations in programs on alcohol issues,which include strategies are widespread.The first is initi- undergraduate classes,particularly the presentations in classes,such as Psychology ated during new student orientation and Comprehensive Studies Program and and Social Work,and in residence hall emphasizes the norms and policies of the Psychology classes. groups,fraternities,and sororities.A rela- campus,as well as state laws.Informative tively new peer program,“M-Pact,”trains The adoption of a code of student conduct measures include distribution of large student athletes to inform other athletes in 1993 represents a significant enforce- posters,placement of table tents,book- on a range of topics,including sexual ment change for the campus.Community marks with alcohol use information,and assault and alcohol issues.The Greek standards for residence hall students dis- written materials.Awareness strategies Activity Review Panel responds to alleged courage abuse incidents and enforce pro- also include MAIZE CRAZE (a substance- violations of Inter-Fraternity Council or gressive discipline patterns.The Athletic free event offered prior to the start of Panhellenic Rules.In addition,the Department prohibits alcohol inside the classes),an alcohol awareness week,mock- Residence Hall RepertoryTheater Troupe football stadium and all other arenas. tail events,free movies,Sober Sensations provides information on topics from sexual Campus and local police warn offenders where students socialize with student assault to alcohol use and abuse. and escort those under the influence of athletes in an alcohol-free setting,and alcohol from the sports arenas. the drunk-driving simulator car.Targeted Supervisors and managers from a range programming includes the distribution of of service units are trained to recognize Evaluation is conducted in two parts. a“Safer Spring Break”kit. behaviors that suggest alcohol abuse or Specific programs are self-evaluated and addiction and to make referrals for assess- a university-wide survey is administered Student attendance may be mandated at ment and treatment.In addition,select to faculty,students,and staff.Currently, an alcohol workshop conducted by gradu- staff receive training in the appropriate baseline data exist,and future data collec- ate students for any student who violates responses to an alcohol emergency. tion efforts are being designed to generate the Code of Student Conduct,the Residence comparison responses. Hall community Living Standards,the Numerous free or inexpensive confidential Policies for Stu d e n t Ath l e te s ,or the standards support services are available for students,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 153 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Comprehensive Program Plymouth State College

Contact: student wellness organizations and per- alcohol issues:“Substance Abuse”addresses Plymouth State College sonnel.The center includes resources and policies,programs,and practice issues,and Enrollment:3,982 Public,Four Year Institution activities based on a whole person well- “Drug Behavior”addresses the relation of ness model:Occupational,Spiritual/ethical, substances to mental and physical health. Patricia L. Kirby,M.B.A. Coordinator of Wellness Services Social,Intellectual, Physical/material, Four other courses related to wellness Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Emotional,and Environmental (OSSIPEE). promotion are also available. Other peer-based initiatives are the Peer In a proactive approach,security officers Description: Educators of Plymouth State (PEPS), a lead discussions about alcohol,drugs,and Plymouth State College addresses alcohol group of students intent on educating related crime issues.Violators of campus issues through two programs by conduct- themselves and the campus on issues that policies receive increasingly strengthened ing educational efforts,promoting alcohol- most affect them,and PACE (Programming sanctions.Other campus support services free activities,and responding to students Activities in a College Environment),a include individual counseling,group who are having difficulties with alcohol. student activities board that plans compre- workshops,and special focus groups, CHAT (Chemical Health Advisory Task Force) hensive and diverse co-curricular programs. such as on-campus talks from OCTAA serves as one of the umbrella organiza- (On Campus Talking About Alcohol) and tions.Chaired by the Substance Abuse Numerous awareness and information confidential group meetings for adult Coordinator,CHAT includes members of strategies are implemented on campus. children of alcoholics. Campus Security,Residential Life,Student Theme weeks include Wellness Week, Affairs,News Services,Student Senate, Alcohol Awareness Week,Natural Highs Evaluation is handled by the administra- Greek Life,and other organizations.The Week,and Stop the Violence Celebrate tion of the Core Survey every two years. CHAT committee meets monthly to review Peace Conference.In these theme weeks, In addition,a survey of employees – the policies,practices,and procedures relevant strategies implemented include a graffiti Chemical Health Program Employees to drug and alcohol issues,and to make board display,a Jeopardy-style quiz,brown Survey – provides information on campus revisions as necessary.The Wellness Center, bag lunches,workshops,wellness-based drug and alcohol issues.While reductions the other umbrella group,promotes performances,a series of targeted posters, in heavy drinking have been noted in healthy lifestyle choices through wellness and exhibitions. recent years,campus leaders acknowledge that significant work remains to be done. housing,the Center for Community From the academic perspective,two under- Enhancement,and a variety of other graduate courses deal specifically with

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 154 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S D.I.C.E.Office University of Scranton

Contact: “Introduction to Psychology”and “Public Second,the education aspect is University of Scranton Speaking.”Peer Educators also participate conducted by the Peer Educators,who Enrollment:4,946 Private,Four Year Institution in a training seminar and a one-credit class make presentations in classes,in residence that focuses on crisis intervention,referral halls and in local high schools and grade James T.Bryan,Ph.D. Vice President for Student Affairs skills,intervention and treatment. schools.The third element is alcohol-free Published in 1996 Sourcebook activities offered at strategic times Two goals for the D.I.C.E.office are central throughout the year.Related to these are to its mission of promoting a climate in participation in National Collegiate Alcohol Description: which those who choose to consume alco- Several years ago,a President’sTask Force Awareness Week and Wellness Week.The hol learn to do so in legal,low-risk ways, on Alcohol Abuse identified concerns and D.I.C.E.office also sponsors Midnight and in which abstinence from the use of offered 15 recommendations in a report Madness at the end of each semester. drugs and alcohol is acceptable.The first “Building a Community that Matters”; goal is an educational one whereby Education and training efforts include these are now monitored on an ongoing “students will make informed decisions mock trials,training for intervention basis.The orientation of these efforts is to supporting responsible alcohol use.”The procedures by servers of alcohol (TIPS), enhance the educational mission of the second goal has a prevention focus courses,comedy nights,sponsorship of bas- institution,thereby enhancing the aca- whereby“students make it a habit to par- ketball and volleyball games,field sobriety demic and intellectual life.The emphasis of ticipate in organized activities emphasizing tests and participation in Freshmen the comprehensive“campus intervention” the responsible use of alcohol and the Orientation programs. is to challenge the prevailing campus cul- non-use of illegal drugs.”With these goals ture at all levels and to promote serious Academic courses offered by the Human in mind,the D.I.C.E.office provides infor- reflection about scholarship,social life, Resources Department include Addictions, mation at numerous points throughout student and campus interaction. Substance Abuse Education as well as Legal the year,including holiday cards with non- and Health Aspects of Substance Abuse. The university has a comprehensive Alcohol alcoholic punch recipes,bookmarks,infor- A Certified Addictions Counselor (CAC) and Illicit Drugs Policy,which is augmented mation cards with staff members’names, certification program is also offered. by the University of Scranton Response to summer vacation cards (inviting students The D.I.C.E.office also provides an Alcohol Alcohol Policy Offenses.Each of these poli- to“Catch A Natural High”),posters Education Course for students who have cies is refined periodically in consultation indicating the potency of grain alcohol, been charged with underage drinking with key university officials and the table tents,a videotape made as a by the Judicial Affairs Officer. President’s Task Force on Alcohol Abuse. Communications Department class project, a televised message from the President of Intervention services include remedial sup- The Drug and Alcohol Information Center the university regarding alcohol responsi- port for students referred to the Counseling and Educators (D.I.C.E.) is located in the bility while celebrating graduation,a Center,as well as for self-referrals.Students university’sWellness Center.Staffed by videotaped message by the District participate in a small group experience or a full-time Coordinator/Alcohol Drug Attorney on legal consequences,a weekly are seen individually.The Brief Symptom Educator,a graduate assistant and 33 volun- radio show highlighting program efforts, Inventory (BSI),the Substance Abuse tary Peer Educators,the center offers a a daily airing of radio spots and a Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) or the range of services to the campus community. faculty brochure. University of Scranton’s Alcohol Use History Integral to the DICE office are the Peer (AUH) are used to assist the counselor with The program has three major components. Educators.These volunteers participate the assessment process.After care pro- A resource area,with pamphlets,books and in an extensive screening and training grams are also available on the campus. vi d e o s ,is available for the campus com m u n i t y. program and enroll in two courses,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 155 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Drug Education Services George Mason University

Contact: abuse prevention activities.This commu- BACCHUS Bars media promotion,healthy George Mason University nity outreach effort encourages critical lifestyle inventories,and a resource book Enrollment:21,774 Public,Four Year Institution thinking skills for both SIP members and “Where the GoodTimes Are.” the students in the community schools.A Nancy Schulte,L.C.S.W. A helpful element of the campus effort is secondary goal is to provide positive role Director,Drug Education Services recovery housing,which supports students’ Published in 1996 Sourcebook models for the young students who are needs for a predictable environment that participating in the program. sets standards of behavior that are re- Description: Campus-wide initiatives include leadership enforced by their fellow hall mates.Only A campus-wide survey,conducted in 1986, with National Collegiate Alcohol Awareness staff and students on the recovery hall was the impetus for the establishment of a Week,a campus Health and Fitness are aware of its special designation.The program at George Mason University.The Challenge,and Safe Spring Break.The student staff member on the floor is care- GMU program provides an approach that Awareness Week involves a long-term fully chosen and trained.Applicants are relies upon student leadership and guid- planning process with leaders from various interviewed by a member of the Recovery ance,as well as personal services,for student organizations and campus admini- Support Team;members of the team meet implementation.Under the leadership of a strative and academic offices.Educational with residence students once every two full-time director and graduate assistants, programs center around the theme “It’s weeks to obtain feedback.This supportive the Drug Education Services for the campus Elemental”which emphasizes the four environment addresses these students’ incorporate numerous distinct elements. elements of life:water (prepare for the unique needs and helps create a strong The Peer Education Student Organization, overflow of knowledge),fire (don’t get sense of community. “Campus Networks – Connecting You to burned...respect your body),earth Related campus elements include the GMU,”promotes healthy,responsible (stand like a rock with values strong and Substance Abuse Task Force,which reviews lifestyles,and one of the four specialty steadfast) and wind (don’t blow off your campus initiatives and updates the cam- groups focuses on drugs and alcohol. Peer commitments).Activities include movies, pus’drug and alcohol policy.The Drug and educators present programs in classrooms mocktails,a student leader luncheon,a Alcohol Survey is administered every two and during campus-wide events.This high school leadership conference and a years during October.This 87-item self- student organization provides interactive student recovery panel.The Health and report questionnaire is assigned with the presentations and has a campaign “Don’t Fitness Challenge represents a recrafting support of the provost and increasingly Cancel That Class,Call Campus Networks” of the health fair concept;academic credit with support of university faculty mem- for faculty who are not able to make class. is granted for participation.With the focus bers.In addition,over 1,000 articles, The students in the organization will fill in on wellness,participatory demonstrations, pamphlets,books and videotapes are avail- for the faculty member and offer a presen- information sharing and cooperative able in the Health Issues Resource Library tation on wellness issues.The 30 students games are conducted over a two-day to help students who have personal also serve as mentors and referral resources. period.The Safe Spring Break campaign is inquiries or are working on research a theme week promoting health and A related initiative is Students In projects.Student awareness and support safety.Educational sessions and activities Prevention (SIP):GMU students lead small of this resource is at a 70% rate. encourage students to make safe decisions groups of elementary and high school stu- during spring break.This includes a dents in a 90-minute program of substance

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 156 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Montana State Health Entrepreneurship University – Bozeman

Contact: publicity,behavior change,community and most are combined with already Montana State University – involvement,membership/leadership existing campus activities such as sporting Bozeman Enrollment:11,267 development,mentoring/continuity, or club events.Media campaigns,based on Public,Four Year Institution finances/fund raising,and networking. data obtained in campus-wide surveys,are developed to reflect the unique profile of Jeff Linkenbach, Ed.D. All relevant peer-based groups are Assistant Director for Health Promotion MSU’s students (e.g.,campaigns directed connected through a coalition of student- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook around skiing). based health promotion groups known as Description: the Wellness Coalition.The coalition syner- Environmental strategies infused into the gizes the resources of 13 health-oriented daily operations of the institution include Operating from the Health Promotion peer groups by creating a solid core of the Events Management Team which works Program in the Student Health Center, student health activism in the student gov- at sporting events to make alcohol-related this comprehensive program demonstrates ernment,and it serves as one of 27 com- interventions.The Health Promotion staff breadth and depth by integrating numer- mittees within the student government. is involved in enforcement in collaboration ous components into one campus-wide with several campus-wide committees,and initiative.The overall goal of the program Other student-facilitated programs encour- is also involved in the training of Residence is to redefine drug and alcohol norms on age organizations such as fraternities and Life staff. campus through the development of sororities,and special interest groups,such autonomous “micro-businesses”that focus as athletic teams,to critically examine and Qualitative and quantitative approaches on health.Thus,the role of the Health redefine their relationships to alcohol and are used to conduct needs assessments, Promotion staff becomes that of health drugs.Peer theatre productions also play measure outcomes,and assess the effec- entrepreneurs. a key role in the Health Entrepreneurship tiveness of programs.For example,since Model.A variety of productions begin with the inception of the Events Management The Health Hologram Model provides the Health Promotion Program working Team in 1994,there has been a significant the framework and criteria for assisting in collaboration with other campus depart- drop in the number and severity of alcohol- each organization to develop as a micro- ments,which,it is hoped,will in time related problems at sporting events. business.By functioning as a small incorporate the program’s messages into Hundreds of referrals to the campus early business development center,the Health their own self-directed activities. intervention program,known as Insight, Promotion Program helps organizations to have resulted from the training of identify funding opportunities,strengthen Health Promotion Staff teach related Residence Life staff.The Expeditions MSU their mission statements and objectives, courses,including internships in the Outdoor Orientation Program has high and ultimately become self-sufficient and Expeditions MSU Outdoor Orientation retention rates for its participants.The conduct their own health programming. Program and in Health Leadership,as well evaluation process also creates ongoing Students and staff members establish as courses on Applied Health Promotion opportunities for collaboration with goals and measure progress by compiling Research and Experiential Counseling. faculty members through joint projects data according to the eight areas of the Awareness campaigns are conducted in and publications. Hologram:research/social marketing, collaboration with other campus groups,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 157 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S HEART Program University of Connecticut

Contact: Implementation of these objectives is students that teach them how to think for University of Connecticut accomplished by one full-time coordinator, themselves and how to give support and Enrollment:22,466 Public,Four Year Institution three graduate assistants,numerous work be caring,and reducing the risks of injuries study students,and interns.With the as well as addictive problems.The interns Janice Roberts Wilbur,Ph.D. Coordinator exception of the coordinator,the entire participate in various activities designed to Substance Abuse Prevention Program HEART staff is students.Community enhance self-esteem, competencies,com- Published in 1996 Sourcebook involvement in the campus effort is munity and belonging,communication and demonstrated by the fact that one gradu- numerous skills.All students complete a Description: ate assistant position is funded by a local contract specifying how they will be The HEART Program,formalized in 1991, alcoholic beverage distributor.The HEART involved during the semester. builds on a decade of alcohol education Program’s areas of emphasis are realistic The peer educators receive extensive activities at the University of Connecticut. and focused.The staff works to emphasize training prior to and throughout their This Substance Abuse Prevention Program responsible decision-making and how a internship experience.Further,they con- is an innovative,comprehensive,multi- student’s alcohol consumption can affect duct office hours in a home-like,relaxed, dimensional,campus-wide,student driven other students as well as the overall quality safe setting that serves as a working model program.Its diversity and its student and of life.The program is designed to be of a substance free environment.Other administrative support are significant.A dynamic and versatile to meet the ever activities of the peer educators include HEART symbolizes the program and its changing needs of students.The messages, facilitating small groups,presenting alco- commitment to connecting with students challenges and “information bytes”are hol education programs,participating in in a way that empowers them to affect related to decision-making,awareness telephone surveys,developing media campus norms and enhance the quality and knowledge.The HEART staff challenges campaigns and assisting with campus of life on campus.This comprehensive students to think about their decisions activities,intake interviews,focus groups, program exemplifies a “bottom up”rather and to consider how their behavior is alcohol/drug assessments and outreach. than a “top down approach which relies connected to other parts of their life. heavily on student support,non-linear Other aspects of the HEART Program The HEART Program is composed of 10 planning,creative approaches,and the include awareness and information (at major elements.Central to this is “the development of quality programs non-alcohol functions,campus activities HEARTTeam”;this peer education aspect of and interventions. and the campus newspaper);the mentor- the program provides undergraduate and ing program (with the first-year student Central to the HEART Program is its goal: graduate credit for over 30 students each experience in the supervised study “To develop a comprehensive prevention semester.Undergraduates can put together program);educational programs and and early intervention program for drug a 15-credit peer education package.The presentations (in freshman orientation as and alcohol use,misuse,and dependency.” HEART internship’s goals include education well as isolated programs);and fundrais- Three objectives support this goal: of a critical mass of students to help ing.The environmental and targeted change campus norms,reducing the risk •To prevent the occurrence of drug and approach relies heavily on student support, of accidents and inquiries,lessen addictive alcohol problems among students non-linear planning,creative approaches, problems,and provide students with •To reverse,halt,or retard alcohol/drug and the development of quality programs experiences that teach personal and sup- problems among students and interventions. •To minimize the effects of alcohol/drug portive decision-making.The objectives of (continued) problems on the academic,social and the program are:providing experiences for emotional lives of students

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 158 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Social marketing efforts include a fresh- A service learning experience enhances as individual counseling.Family and group man seminar lecture,the Acute Alcohol their personal growth and development counseling ,intervention and referral Intoxication Assessment Certification and prepares them to function effectively complement these activities.Mandatory Program,and a violence Network as peer educators.In addition to these education sessions (“UCONN Exposure”) are Information Card.Cost-effective marketing specific courses,curriculum infusion is educational and consists of two consecu- methods incorporate student produced evident throughout the campus. tive week one-and-one-half hour sessions. materials;simple marketing strategies A bunjee jumping video is utilized in these Evaluation plays a critical role with the include HEART stickers and stamps. sessions to challenge students to think HEART Program.The goal and objectives about their decisions,encourage personal A major aspect of the HEART Program is designed for the program serve as the responsibility,enhance perception of risk community service,which includes clinical foundation of the Substance Abuse Quality and provide specific information about hours at the Student Health Services and at Assurance Plan.On an ongoing basis,the alcohol.Training is incorporated extensively the local hospital.The “PARTY-Time Hours” database monitors the frequency and type for the undergraduate and graduate HEART program assists evening and night nurses of services requested.A fall,spring and interns.The HEART Program also conducts at the on-campus student health facility annual report is compiled to provide training with freshmen orientation leaders, who in the past had been “baby-sitting” documentation regarding referrals,contact the residential life staff,health services intoxicated students who were often bel- hours,student involvement,programs personnel,graduate students,mental ligerent and disrespectful.Students are presented and related services.The Core health staff and the university conduct trained to assist nurses in dealing with Survey is used to provide information on community. ill or injured students who have been student behaviors and background;a drinking,as well as other students,often Normative Perception Survey is mailed to The HEART Program has demonstrated intoxicated themselves,who bring their residence hall students.Focus groups assist significant growth over its several years of intoxicated friends to the facility.Training with an ongoing needs assessment of the existence.Specifically,155 undergraduate includes how to deal with intoxicated campus population and with specific prob- students and 50 graduate students have students,how to determine acute alcohol lems or situations.An annual Patient/Client completed internships and 599 students intoxication and an understanding of Satisfaction Survey assists with overall have enrolled in the peer counseling student health service guidelines. health considerations.Student research classes.Over 2,000 counseling sessions projects and telephone surveys further have been offered and nearly 500 students The curriculum offers two courses:“Drugs assist with the evaluation activities. have attended mandatory education ses- and Alcohol on Campus”and “Peer sions.Over 9,000 students have attended Counseling.”The objective of “Drugs and The two remaining aspects of the HEART education programs.The quality of the Alcohol on Campus”is to prepare students Program are support services and training. working relationships with numerous to function effectively as members of the Support services include alcohol/drug campus and community offices as well HEARTTeam.The “Peer Counseling”course assessments,the “UCONN Alternative as academic units and student perception is designed to provide students with Alcohol/Drug Rehabilitation”program for and utilization of the program support its knowledge and self-awareness skills. court mandated students/clients,as well continued growth.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 159 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Leadership in Education About Alcohol and Drugs Berkshire Community College

Contact: offers numerous alcohol education preven- effect on one’s life at home,at work,and Berkshire Community College tion materials,support groups,self-tests at school;the second is that intervention Enrollment:1900 Public,Two Year Institution and media campaigns,all of which are and support are available to those with within the instructional and behavioral substance abuse problems.Strategies to Christine DeGregorio, M.Ed. LEAD Project Coordinator objectives of the project. address negative consequences include Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook a strong prevention message at the start The design of the programs is three-fold: of the semester,scheduled meetings with first,it assesses the environment and con- the advisory board,meetings with peer Description: tributes to written policies and procedures LEAD (Leadership in Education About educators,and promotion of events and for the college community;second,it Alcohol and Drugs),the college’s compre- activities.To initiate intervention and promotes education,prevention,and inter- hensive substance prevention program,is support,a bi-monthly alcohol education vention efforts that include curriculum overseen by a Project Coordinator assisted program is offered,services are maintained adaptations,student-peer participation, by two groups:an Advisory Committee, throughout the year,and support groups staff orientation,and training;third,it made up of community experts,and a are provided.In this program,students provides activities to motivate students campus-based Drug Abuse Education and assess their drinking patterns and identify and generate positive publicity. Prevention Task Force.The support of the how alcohol-related behaviors resulted college administration is essential to The campus plan comprises cognitive, in referral for judicial sanction. implementing the campus program by affective,and psycho-motor objectives. Marketing and public awareness are creating an environment in which alcohol Cognitive objectives include the ability to achieved through frequent positive mes- abuse and drug abuse are not tolerated. identify available services and recognize sages,regular posters,flyers,and press Many faculty and administrators contribute safe limits of alcohol consumption. releases.The most effective exposure time,space,and materials. Affective objectives include developing comes from a series of flyers posted bi- regard for the campus attitude to sub- This campus-wide effort offers members monthly in all restroom stalls.The LEAD stances and a readiness to speak out in of the campus and community a range of office also develops its own prevention cases of substance abuse.Psycho-motor activities,the underlying themes of which pamphlets and brochures based on the objectives include moderate use of legal are positive reinforcement and peer leader- latest information applicable to non- substances and maintenance of a healthy ship,with emphasis on civic and individual traditional students. lifestyle.This approach is flexible and values and responsibilities. provides direction and consistency to Evaluation is done by conducting the Core The education,prevention and intervention prevention efforts. Survey on a two-year cycle.Assessment program relies upon strong student,peer of the program’s impact is qualitative and The specific program content for the faculty and staff participation. Building is based on participation in programs. college has two thrusts.The first is that upon a critical mass for change and led by The LEAD office notes a recent increase substances,when abused,have a negative an advisory committee,the LEAD Program in requests for speaking engagements.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 160 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Education Capital University

Contact: Vice President of Enrollment Services, he a vy drin ki n g .Str ategies include con ven i n g Capital University academic departments,the Student a chapter meeting to discuss the risks Enrollment:4,071 Private,Four Year Institution Government,student activities and others. associated with alcohol abuse and adopt a In addition, State Offices of Public Safety, policy to address alcohol abuse at chapter Mike Morrow-Fox Director Liquor Control,and MADD support this functions.Thirty potential chapter norms Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Education prevention initiative. ar e given as examples and are adapted from Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook “Our Chapter,Our Choice”training program. Policies on alcohol are adopted from the Description: recommendations of a student/faculty/ The Curriculum Infusion Program is a major staff review board.Students responsible for part of the campus-wide effort.The On The goal of the Office of Alcohol and Other underage alcohol consumption face pro- Campus Talking About Alcohol (OCTAA) Drug (AOD) Education is to promote the gressive discipline,which consists of a seminar is taught to every required core university’s missions of academic excel- screening interview,disciplinary probation, “Lifetime-Health”class.Advanced courses lence,community service,and community institutional aid review,parental notifica- are offered through the campus depart- leadership.Policies and programming tion,educational requirements,contacting ments of Education,Psychology,and Health create an environment in which health, legal authorities,and dismissal from and Sports Sciences. civility,and adult behaviors are the the institution. expected norm and AOD abuse is viewed as Substance-free floors are the largest an anti-social act.Prevention is viewed as a Educational campaigns are part of the residential program on campus,and the community rather than as an individual campus strategy.In the alcohol awareness success of this program lies in its student activity,and as an ongoing initiative rather week,the Dead Day event has student par- control and extensive bylaws. than as a one-time program.The Office of ticipants wearing t-shirts that state“I can’t Evaluation is conducted through adminis- AOD Education focuses on strengthening talk to you today because I died; Ask me tration of the Core Survey on an annual healthy and challenging unhealthy norms about it.”For the Look Who’s Not Drinking basis.Survey return rates of more than of drug and alcohol abuse. Campaign,a t-shirt slogan states “In an 60 percent are received through publicity average week almost half of all college Leadership for the campus-wide program and by offering campus bookstore gift students drink no alcohol . ..Deal with it!” comes from the Director of the Office of certificates.Monitoring of alcohol-related AOD Education.Assistance is provided One focused initiative is the Brotherhood/ incidents on campus reveals a decrease through the multi-disciplinary campus Sisterhood Alcohol Risk Management in recent years. substance abuse committee.The preven- Project.With a goal of helping Greek letter tion programs are guided jointly by numer- organizations prevent high-risk alcohol use ous individuals and offices on campus, in their chapters,grant funding is available including the President,the Provost,the to support chapter efforts to discourage

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 161 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Education Alfred University

Contact: use.Under the leadership of a director,a office has conducted,co-sponsored,or Alfred University campus-wide advisory committee with 12 participated in awareness and alternative Enrollment:2,405 Private,Four Year Institution representative members of the university social events,as well as educational and community provides direction and support media activities.Though AOD is located on Ian Neuhard,M.P.S. Director for the campus-wide program. a campus for students who prefer a sub- Alcohol and Other Drugs Education stance-free environment,additional center Central to the program are 33 peer educa- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook activities include Greek Risk Management, tors recruited for three peer education TIPS Training,Training for Residence Life groups,collectively known as SAIL Description: Staff and Student Organizations,research, (Students Advocating Intelligent This comprehensive education and Approval of Alcohol Premise for On-Campus Lifestyles).These groups conduct individual prevention program is based on theories of Events,formal classes for Judicial Policy programs as well as programs in conjunc- environmental change.The formal mission Violators,referrals for students abusing tion with other student organizations. of the office is to provide information, alcohol or drugs,policy review and revision, Currently two-thirds of these peer educa- activities,services,and support to univer- and program evaluation. tors completed national certification sity students,faculty,staff,and administra- requirements.The Office of AOD Education The Core Survey is conducted every two tion.Ultimately,the aims are to promote serves the peer education residence hall years.An analysis of existing data,such substance abuse resistance and to foster staff,and faculty and staff.The resource as judicial violations,security responses healthy life style choices.The Office of center houses books,pamphlets,posters, hospital transports for alcohol poisoning Alcohol and Other Drugs (AOD) Education reports and videotapes. and university withdrawals shows maintains a resource center with books, alcohol-related incidents have decreased pamphlets,posters,reports and videotapes. Campus-wide advertising and media in recent years. This center provides residence hall staff, campaigns have resulted in thousands peer educators,faculty,and staff with in fo r - of student,staff,and community contacts. ma tion for both personal and profe s s i o n a l From a social activity point of view,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 162 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Options: A Resource State University of New York Center for Healthy Choices at New Paltz

Contacts: of substance-free social activities and is the ongoing implementation of student State University of NewYork community service opportunities,as well focus groups and follow-up meetings after at New Paltz Enrollment:7,897 as a continuum of services for students, all events. faculty and staff. Public;Four Year Institution At the Options Center,an extensive Raymond M.Schwarz,Ph.D. The key aspect of the success of Options resource library includes information on Assistant Vice-President for Student Affairs has been coalition building,with 200 numerous topics that can be helpful for Robin S. Cohen,M.A. Student Action Team volunteers serving as class presentations or research papers. Assistant Dean Center for Student Development liaisons to 115 clubs,organizations,teams, Topics include alcohol, co-dependency,fetal Published in 1996 Sourcebook fraternities and sororities.The coalition alcohol syndrome,advertising,drinking includes students,staff,faculty and con- and driving,self-help groups,sexual Description: tacts in the surrounding community. harassment and other health issues,as well A President’s Commission on Substance as information about specific populations The approach used by Options emphasizes Abuse was established in 1986. The of interest such as college students,adoles- peer involvement in conceptualizing, commission represented groups from cents,women,and various ethnic and developing,marketing and implementing throughout the campus.As a result of the cultural groups. its activities.The volunteers receive training commission’s findings,the campus alcohol and ongoing communication through The Options Center is linked to other education effort was dramatically regular meetings and a volunteer bulletin. administrative and service offices on the expanded to become a comprehensive Volunteer opportunities include being a campus such as the Counseling Center,the research and education center.Options,a member of the Social Marketing Team and Employee Assistance Program,the Health coalition model which is research-based, the Student Action Team.The volunteers Center and the Dean for Student Life.In the applies social influence and environmental lead programs on a variety of wellness- implementing of campus events,Options change models to promote low-risk choices related topics.They also staff trivia tables works closely to co-sponsor events so that within the context of wellness and public upon request by residence hall staff.The ownership remains with the constituency health.The five strategies used are: most unique and innovative peer education and participation is peer-promoted;this (1) Peer education project has been “New Positions on Sex: helps to implement a “win win”situation. (2) Social marketing techniques Moving Toward Non-Coercive Intimacy,” The emphasis is on creating a campus (3) Alcohol-free programming incorporating normative beliefs regarding environment where individuals feel (4) Advocacy projects student attitudes about alcohol and its empowered to make low-risk decisions. (5) Community service involvement relationship to sexual aggression. Through the campus media and the variety The mission of Options is three-fold: to Central to the approach is the incorporation of educational programs,students,staff create a campus where high-risk drinking of process and outcome evaluation tech- and faculty are made aware that the does not occur,that is drug-free,and that niques.These procedures are integral for majority of their peers are making healthy promotes healthy lifestyle choices.The ongoing program planning.Through use choices.This models the positive“can do” techniques designed to attain this mission of the Core Survey,a rate of alcohol use approach for individuals and organizations. include an ongoing assessment of individ- lower than that of other institutions in The coalition model used by Options is ual behaviors,attitudes and perceptions; the Northeast has been demonstrated. designed to demonstrate“doing more the use of a public information campaign Between tests an increase has been found effectively – with less.” to foster environmental change;and the in acknowledgement of enforcement and incorporation of peer-based strategies.In improvement of students not driving under addition,goals include the coordination the influence of alcohol. Another approach

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 163 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Prevention Education Program Center San Jose State University

Contact: includes a full-time director and adminis- leadership opportunities in outreach, San Jose State University trative assistant,as well as guidance by the programming,public speaking,and Enrollment:26,500 Public,Four Year Institution Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Prevention coordinating substance abuse education. Committee,which includes faculty Ultimately,the PEP Center promotes a Harriet K. Pila Director,Prevention Education Program members,administration,students and culturally sensitive environment conducive Center community members. to responsible decision-making regarding Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook alcohol use or non-use. The PEP Center has three main functions. Description: First,it is a resource for the campus Awareness and information strategies community,providing current research, focus on the prevention of substance abuse Campus-wide leadership for alcohol and multi-media materials,and workshop pres- problems,as well as on the promotion of drug abuse prevention,date/acquaintance entation files.Second,it offers culturally alcohol-free activities and cultural sensitiv- rape,and sexual assault prevention is pro- sensitive referrals to students who require ities that are incorporated in all awareness vided by the Prevention Education Program extra services in the areas of substance efforts and media campaigns.Activities (PEP) Center,which was instituted follow- abuse and sexual assault.A third function, include media campaigns,presentations, ing a U.S.Department of Education grant. forming the structure of the program,is poster contests,exhibits,special event The PEP Center participates in the estab- devoted to outreach efforts within the weeks,guest speakers,promotional pro- lishment of alcohol policies and related campus and the local community.Two stu- grams,newspaper articles,campus-wide policy issues;it also provides a sanctioned dent groups complement the PEP Center programs and specific target area presen- judicial program to educate students and and conduct the campus-wide outreach tations.Student educators plan most prevent substance problems from recur- efforts:PEP-SE (Prevention Education events and advertise their messages for ring.The PEP Center works in conjunction Program Student Educators) and the the campus community. with academic departments to encourage Choices Team (student leaders and student students in leadership roles through Evaluation is continuous and includes athletes). practicum and internship experiences. annual research conducted to benefit the Faculty assistance in programming efforts Fundamental to the success of the PEP current knowledge base and future pro- is enlisted,and academic departments are Center is the support from the campus and gramming.Research demonstrates a provided with information that can be surrounding community.Multiple coali- decline in use of substances on campus, used in lectures during awareness and tions with individuals and organizations while alcohol-related problems have promotional weeks.The student educators contribute to the achievement of the pro- remained steady and referrals to the present guest lectures in classrooms con- gram’s goals.The primary focus of the PEP PEP Center have increased.The campus tinuously throughout the semester.In Center is to mobilize campus resources for environment appears to be shifting to addition,students design information for the prevention of substance abuse and one in which alcohol-free activities are faculty to use in their courses.The staffing sexual assault by providing students with increasingly more acceptable.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 164 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Prevention Education Resource Center (PERC) Sinclair Community College

Contact: for students in need.PERC believes that state,local,and federal laws and resources. Sinclair Community College prevention is a combination of efforts to Marketing support comes from various Enrollment:20,000 Public,Two Year Institution ensure healthy,safe,and productive lives campus offices. for students and the campus community. Cynthia P.Brown-Chery,M.S. PERC’s offers three different support groups Primary prevention covers education,liter- Counselor/Coordinator of Prevention weekly.In addition,12-step meetings – Education ature,workshops,and training;secondary including Narcotics Anonymous,Cocaine Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook prevention provides crisis intervention for Anonymous,and Alcoholics Anonymous – counseling,detoxification,and treatment; are held offered weekly on campus.PERC Description: tertiary prevention is aftercare,including also maintains links with community The Prevention Education Resource Center support groups. agencies,hospitals,and treatment centers. (PERC) provides year-round services and PERC is involved in numerous campus pro- programming related to alcohol,tobacco, Numerous factors contribute to the success grams,including the Wellness Fair,Health and other drugs for the college’s students, of the PERC’s efforts.Primary among these Fair,Fall Festival,Winter Fest,Spring Fling, faculty and staff.PERC is coordinated by is its alignment with institutional goals, Crime and Safety Awareness Expo,and a professional counselor in the Department which ensures adequate funding.The use Welcome Week.It also sponsors a work- of Counseling,Student Development and of peer educators who bring their own life shop on the problems related to alcohol Veterans Assistance.Additional staff experience to each outreach activity fur- abuse offered during Alcohol Awareness includes an assistant coordinator,peer ther enhances the program’s success. Month.PERC hosts open house events four educators,and numerous volunteers. times a year and is involved with new Written evaluation of PERC’s efforts indi- PERC’s activities are informed by the student orientation. cates satisfaction with the programming. department’s mission and goals,as well as In conjunction with the Campus Office of Advertising is conducted through computer the institution’s core indicators of success. Institutional Planning and Research,PERC information kiosks,flyers,the student Within this framework,activities,out- has conducted a student needs assessment newspaper,the President’s Bulletin,the comes,and measures of evaluation are to determine perceptions of substance campus monthly calendar,electronic sign- linked to departmental and institutional use among students and the awareness boards,poster cases,TV and radio,and standards.PERC’s initiatives thus enhance of PERC’s services.Evaluation also includes classroom promotion.A newsletter,PERC student development,access to success, a weekly inventory,a literature rack tally, UP,is published three times a year.PERC lifelong learning,community focus,stew- outreach record sheets,and monthly, also publishes the “Students Rights, ardship,and a quality workplace. quarterly,and annual activity reports. Responsibilities,and Information”docu- Outstanding service by PERC staff is The mission of the PERC is,first,to increase ment annually.This document includes acknowledged by departmental “Staff awareness of the effects of alcohol, the Substance Abuse and Prevention of the Week”and “Staff of the Month” tobacco,and drugs,and,second,to educate, Policy;the state’s DUI laws;and other awards and student advocate honors. show compassion for,and provide care

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 165 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project WE CAN Western Washington University

Contact: expanded from four floors (60 residents) to information,resources and referrals to Western Washington University 10 floors (500 residents).Third,peer-based students and their peers who may be Enrollment:10,299 Public,Four Year Institution health opinion leaders (also known as experiencing alcohol-related problems; lifestyle advisors) provide support to the they receive a 36-page information Patricia Fabiano, M.A.,M.S. Associate Director benefits of low to no consumption.These resource booklet to guide them as they Counseling,Health,and Wellness Services individuals receive a detailed training pro- assist students. Published in 1996 Sourcebook gram and a broad-based resource hand- A third aspect of Project WE CAN is book.These peer health educators also environmental change which goes beyond Description: participate in an extensive training pro- preventing abuse patterns and alcohol ProjectWE CAN is an alcohol abuse gram;a“critical mass”of 100 volunteers is consumption by attempting to change prevention program orchestrated by developed to promote realistic campus environmental norms.One key strategy the university’s Primary Prevention and norms and substance-free alternatives.The is a community-based “Hospitality Wellness Services.This program was fourth primary prevention program is the Resource Alliance.”Local bar,tavern and developed in 1993 to address concerns that Community-Health Service Learning pro- brewery owners,as well as wholesalers and were identified in a campus-wide survey gram,which provides students with the retailers,are part of this alliance.It also that reported high alcohol consumption opportunity to develop a lifelong commit- includes law enforcement,regulatory offi- behaviors.ProjectWE CAN is a campus- ment to healthy communities and person- cials,judicial officers,educators and public wide initiative to raise the awareness of to-person involvement. health personnel.Its goal is to maintain an the entire university community regarding The secondary prevention program works open dialogue with the community regard- the negative impact of alcohol abuse on in conjunction with the residence halls,the ing the shared responsibility for reducing the academic and social lives of students. judicial affairs office and the university alcohol abuse in establishments surround- The program is market segmented and police.Students who have experienced ing the campus and to encourage the includes primary prevention,secondary alcohol-related problems are referred for responsible use of alcohol among students prevention and environmental change. a risk reduction session with the Alcohol of legal age who patronize these local The primary prevention aspect of Project Abuse Prevention Specialist.Assessment establishments. WE CAN,developed to support and instruments are used along with a “Stages Other environmental approaches include empower students who have already made of Change”risk reduction model.In a non- working closely with the university’s the choice not to consume alcohol or to judgmental manner,the Stages of Change Central Health and Safety Committee to consume at safe,legal and no-harm levels, model brings students through five steps in prepare the biennial review of the Drug contains four integral strategies.First,the assessing their drinking.These stages are Free Schools and Communities Act.Staff Social Marketing Campaign is imple- pre-contemplation of change,contempla- from ProjectWE CAN chair the university’s mented by students to combat the “imagi- tion of change,action,maintaining change Alcohol Abuse and Drug Use Prevention nary peer”regarding campus alcohol and planning for relapse. sub-committee.Further collaboration consumption norms.Second,wellness resi- A significant part of the secondary pre- occurs with the Office of Institutional dence halls support and empower students vention program is the involvement of Assessment and Testing to administer the who choose not to drink. The popularity of “Partners in Health,”faculty and staff biannual Survey of Campus Consumption these residence halls has grown and members who provide assistance and and Consequences. referral.These individuals provide (continued)

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 166 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S ProjectWE CAN (continued)

The implementation of Project WE CAN public health department,public schools, assistance of a graduate intern,vandalism includes collaboration between the campus the state liquor control board,local 12-step rates are examined as a component of the and the community.The project is man- programs and the Addictive Behaviors project’s impact evaluation.Further,quar- aged by a full-time professional and is Research Center of the University of terly impact evaluation measures are used supplemented by the lifestyle advisors,stu- Washington. to document the diverse collaborative dent government,residence advisors and efforts.Qualitative measures of success Evaluation of Project WE CAN is extensive. students living in the residence halls. include stories written in local newspapers, The Lifestyles Project Survey is conducted Campus offices actively involved are the support from the upper administration as in conjunction with the Addictive Behavior Counseling Center,the Student Health well as other critical university offices,an Research Center at the University of Center,the Campus Judicial Officer,the increase in the number of individuals who Washington.The Core Survey provides Athletic Department and the Chief Student want to become lifestyle advisors and additional data with national comparisons. Affairs Officer.Other significant campus feedback from students who experienced The faculty and staff receive an resources include the university President, the Stages of Change session. Environmental Survey regarding their who provides significant support for the awareness of student consumption and Overall,Project WE CAN represents a program,and the Faculty Senate President, consequence patterns.An assessment of comprehensive prevention initiative who also provides visible support. alcohol consumption and consequence maintaining a focus on raising the health Collaboration is received from the Office patterns in wellness residence halls was awareness of the university community. of Institutional Assessment and Testing, the subject of a master’s thesis.The It emphasizes individual,small group and the Central Health and Safety Committee, lifestyle advisors receive a Peer Educator environmental strategies through market the Interpersonal Violence Prevention Survey to measure the formative impact of segmentation and campus and community Working Group and the university police. being a health opinion leader on student collaboration. Community relationships come from a development.In addition,through the local task force,a youth task force,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 167 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Respect for Others at the United States Military Academy United States Military Academy

Contact: cadets.Complementing the counseling remain alcohol free.The Taxi Program United States Military Academy center,which addresses general counseling encourages cadets to call a taxi if they Enrollment:4,054 Public,Four Year Institution issues,are an alcohol and drug counseling need to,a USMA fund covers the fare. center and medical personnel. For discipli- Major Dave Jones A new addition to the alcohol program is nary concerns,the Military Police make Special Assistant to the Commandant the Chain-Teaching Program,in which for Respect for Others referrals,and the discipline office becomes cadets of senior status lecture and discuss Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook involved.Faculty and staff members serve alcohol-related issues.After the program, on the Respect for Others Education Team cadets sign a certificate stating that they Description: (ROET).The Alcohol and Drug Control Office understand and concur with the alcohol- The aim of programs addressing alcohol Leader Development Branch (ADCO-LDB) related issues they have just discussed. at the United States Military Academy provides preventive education and services (USMA) is to educate the student body (the to cadets. Posters entitled “Risky Business”are distrib- Corps of Cadets) on responsible alcohol use. uted to every cadet room,and each cadet The curriculum on alcohol issues includes receives a personal “Risky Business”card A philosophical underpinning of the information on the difference between that includes important phone numbers. Academy is the Bedrock.Bedrock I,Honor, “drinking”and “a drinking problem,” The “Risky Business”theme announces that has been in existence since 1802. Bedrock intervention strategies when a peer or “the decision to drink is . ..risky business. II,adopted in 1992,emphasizes “Respect subordinate has a drinking problem,lead- Leaders must assess risks and take appro- for Others.”Use of drugs and alcohol ership responsibilities,the implications of priate action!” is included in this “Respect for Others” condoning another’s drinking problem, initiative. the deglamorization of alcohol,and peer Trends associated with alcohol-related offenses,maintained for the last five years, All cadets receive 15 hours of alcohol- education strategies. demonstrate a decrease in the number of focused education through numerous Three complementary programs address alcohol-related offenses.Cadets see their agencies.The peer education group drinking and driving behavior among leaders take alcohol seriously,and program ADDIC (Alcohol and Drug Dependency cadets.The Pledge Program encourages leaders hope that the cadets will do so Intervention Council) is run by students, all cadets to pledge to wear seat belts,not also.Through this process,the program’s and its representatives receive an addi- to drink and drive,and not to ride with staff strives to instill the idea that consum- tional 33 hours of education.The ADDIC anyone who does.The Designated Driver ing alcohol is an issue of responsibility and cadets assist with policy planning and Program encourages those who socialize not a privilege. implementation,and facilitate communica- with alcohol to identify a driver who will tion flow among faculty and staff and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 168 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Committee Eastern Kentucky University

Contact: In its comprehensive approach,SAC “DETOUR”dance.Additional alcohol-free Eastern Kentucky University attempts to change student attitudes activities,as well as psycho-education hall Enrollment:15,727 Public,Four Year Institution toward substance use.In partnership with and campus programs,are offered on a the Department of Health Education,SAC regular basis.SAC often co-sponsors alco- Michalle S. Rice,M.S. Chair,EKU Substance Abuse Committee assisted in establishing the On-Campus hol-free campus activities through mone- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Talking About Alcohol (OCTAA) educational tary support and media marketing.From program,which is based on the lifestyle an enforcement perspective,first offense Description: risk-reduction model.This eight-hour pro- standard sanction is social probation, The Substance Abuse Committee (SAC), gram is incorporated in a required health which includes opening a record on the following its establishment as an ad hoc education course and is delivered to 2,000 student that follows the student for five committee,was designated to continue as students each year.Individuals trained to years.If repeat offenses occur,social proba- a permanent committee on campus.The deliver the program include faculty,athletic tion is revoked and the first offense is mission of SAC includes recommending staff,counseling center staff,residence considered in conjunction with the second policies regarding substance abuse,encour- life staff,and other student affairs staff. and following offenses.Possible sanctions aging programs which elevate the aware- include a substance abuse assessment by a Through surveys from 1990 to the present, ness of the campus community,and mental health provider (i.e.,the Counseling SAC also addresses student attitudes and supporting effective intervention efforts. Center),eviction from university housing, perceptions by challenging these with Members are faculty and staff from and university suspension.The sanction student-reported actual use and beliefs. academic and administrative areas,and process is currently under review by SAC This information is often disseminated student representatives from student to develop a more structured response through “freebies”(i.e.,water bottles,pens, organizations and the student body. to violations. key chains),brochures,psycho-educational SAC was created to review and change programs,and student orientations. The key to the success of SAC and its university alcohol policies,and as a result comprehensive approach has been the Awareness and information is dissemi- of its recommendations,the university is a involvement of diverse university depart- nated through the Alcohol Awareness Week substance-free institution that prohibits ments committed to prevention issues.This and the Health and Wellness Month, both the consumption of or possession of unified approach continues to strengthen student created and student driven. New alcohol on its grounds.It is also a violation prevention efforts and change student student orientation is another vehicle for of university policy to be drunk and attitudes and behaviors. disseminating educational information and disorderly on campus grounds or at explaining the university’s substance abuse university-sponsored activities.SAC policy.Alcohol-free activities include a continues to review these policies to reflect weekly comedy series and a weekly the needs of the university and its students.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 169 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Teaching About Prevention of Substance Abuse University of Georgia

Contact: changes.Multiple strategies are employed each academic term,and attendees are University of Georgia to reach the university community. interested students and staff,as well Enrollment:30,149 as students mandated through the Public,Four Year Institution A central aspect of TAPS’efforts is its social University’s judicial process and the Carole Middlebrooks,M.S. marketing campaign “Power Choices:Take Municipal Court and Pretrial Diversion Coordinator Care of Yourself.Care About Each Other,” University Health Center – Alcohol and Program. which includes ads in the student newspa- Other Drug Education Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook per,cards on campus buses,posters,flyers, Three student organizations complement and special articles in campus publications. TAPS’efforts.The ASAP (Advice on Description: Assisting the full-time coordinator is a Substance Abuse Prevention) peer educa- The purpose of the campus-wide program Campus-Wide Network on Alcohol and tors attend a three-credit course specifi- is to create an environment in which a Other Drugs,whose mission is to develop cally designed to train peer educators on change in attitudes,behaviors,and use of a coordinated and collaborative effort substance abuse prevention.Topics include substances is possible.While efforts are promoting education,intervention,and the biological,psychological,social,and geared toward specific sub-groups within resources on the campus to foster a posi- spiritual factors of substance abuse,as the university community,the primary tive climate for learning. well as program planning and presentation skills.This course is available as a three- focus for the prevention programming is Collaboration efforts byTAPS target specific hour credit class and a one-hour follow-on the overall student population.For many sub-populations.Brochures have been class for students who present programs. years programming efforts were directed prepared in conjunction with the athletic BACCHUS conducts activities for Awareness toward trying to change the behaviors of department and the campus police Weeks and campaigns.The Commission on abusive drinkers;current intervention department. efforts,however,emphasize reduction Risk Management,which includes repre- General presentations are made to resi- of high-risk norms and target both sentatives from fraternities and sororities, dence halls,student organizations,faculty, non-drinkers and moderate drinkers. assesses Greek behaviors and develops staff,and community groups.Training,con- action plans for addressing high-risk The desired outcomes for the Teaching ducted on policy issues,problem recogni- behaviors. About Prevention of Substance Abuse tion,confrontation skills,intervention Results of the campus-wide program (TAPS) Program are a decline in the num- techniques,and referral skills,is offered for include abolishment of several events at ber of problems associated with substance justices and defender advocates,residence which there had been traditionally heavy use,decreased tolerance for the second- assistants,graduate assistants,and advi- alcohol use,a no alcohol rule in the campus hand effects of high-risk drinking, sors.The OCTAA (On Campus Talking About stadium,requirement that every fraternity/ decreased quantity and frequency of sub- Alcohol) helps students and professionals sorority pledge attend a sanctioned TAPS stance use among students,and a campus understand the Life Style Risk Reduction program before initiation,and the and community environment that supports Model for Alcohol/Drug Prevention and increased popularity of the peer low-risk drinking guidelines through Intervention.This program is offered twice policy,role modeling,and attitude education class.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 170 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Wellness Activities Baldwin – Wallace College

Contact: who have violated the college’s alcohol Infusion courses include the Freshmen Baldwin – Wallace College policy.All activities provided are organized, Experience in which the vast majority of Enrollment:4,789 Private,Four Year Institution publicized,and designed by students in first-year students are enrolled.Other response to specific needs determined by curricular strategies include a Substance Jane Ehrman Assistant to the Dean of Students the campus community. Abuse/Chemical Dependency Course and Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Faculty Role Modeling. Awareness strategies emphasize a media campaign funded and organized by the “Midnight Madness”is a Wednesday night Description: Student Senate.If an area bar pays for program targeting fraternity men and The goal of this comprehensive,environ- advertising space highlighting upcoming athletes that provides alcohol-free mental approach to preventing and events,the Student Senate pays for adja- activities.Another approach includes, reducing alcohol abuse is to educate cent ads that address healthy,independent a series of programs directed at male students,faculty,and staff,as well as to choices regarding alcohol use.Awareness athletes on campus. change the climate of the college commu- weeks include Alcohol Awareness Week nity.The message disseminated by this Environmental approaches include the during the fall and Sexual Health campus-wide program is:“Don’t abuse “Difficulties With Alcohol”Program for Awareness Week,which provides education yourself,others,or the community as a those who violate the college’s alcohol pol- about alcohol and its role in dating vio- result of the choices you make about alco- icy:a two-hour session for first offenders lence.The Safe Spring Break campaign hol.”The institution also tries to highlight and a six-hour session for second offend- includes the “Midnight Breakfast”at which and reward the non-users who represent ers.The college has established two well- faculty,administrators,and staff members approximately 40 percent of the campus. ness halls where students sign agreements serve a free breakfast to all students on the The program’s efforts are enhanced by to not use alcohol, tobacco,or drugs while Sunday before finals of the winter term. the active involvement of the college in the hall.Support services include assess- President. The Peer 2 Peer student organization pro- ment and screening by the Counseling motes educational initiatives on campus. Center for individuals concerned about The college’s approach is two-pronged. Other resources include “Mere Images,”a addiction to alcohol. First,it addresses heavy alcohol use,as well social drama troupe that simulates a series as negative outcomes resulting from the Assessment evaluation includes use of the of situations in which students may find misuse of substances.Second,the issues Core Survey;evaluating alcohol-related themselves.Additional activities include are addressed in a variety of ways – includ- incidents;review of Health and Counseling May Day games and health promotion ing academic classes,activities,educational Center data;security reports;and faculty, grants for educational events that address sanctions,and passive education.While all staff,and student feedback.Focus groups health and wellness issues.The funds for students and community members are are conducted by the Senior Sociology these events come from fines paid by addressed in the campus program,primary Seminar class each year,and follow-up students as partial sanctions for violation attention is given to first-year students, surveys are conducted for the “Difficulties of alcohol policies. fraternity members,athletes,and those With Alcohol”Program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 171 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Southern Illinois University – Wellness Center Carbondale

Contact: winning essay on his/her own positive sexual connections,drugs in the workplace, Southern Illinois University – lifestyle.The winning essay is printed in media influences on drinking,how to help Carbondale Enrollment:23,162 the campus newspaper. someone with a drinking problem,hosting healthy parties,drinking decisions and the Public,Four Year Institution Through a variety of campus and com- college student,and acute alcohol intoxi- Barbara Grace Fijolek,M.S. munity efforts,a long-running traditional Coordinator cation.A comprehensive training program event (Springfest),which has had extensive Wellness Center for faculty and staff called RSVP (Retention Published 1996 Sourcebook alcohol abuse in the past,was replaced of Students Via Prevention) is provided.All with a week-long series of music and employees receive a special RSVP training entertainment.Another collaborative effort Description: booklet titled,“How to Deal with Students The Wellness Center coordinates a wide with local bars involved raising the bar with Personal and Substance Abuse Issues.” range of activities on drugs and alcohol entry age to 21. Students arrested for and related health promotion programs. underage drinking are referred to the Peer approaches include wellness fairs, With a staff of six full-time professionals Wellness Center by the judge and the city displays,theater groups,comedy nights, and six half-time graduate assistants, attorney for educational intervention. juice bars,residence hall presentations, focus groups,BACCHUS chapter drop-in numerous programs and initiatives Support services include individual centers,dances and other activities.Offices are offered. screenings and short-term counseling and of the Wellness Center include a main office Several awareness and information referral for students who are sent to the and three outreach offices (one in the resi- activities are highly regarded.A weekly Wellness Center by on-campus and off- dence halls,one in the Recreation Center column,“To Your Health,”is printed in the campus systems for alcohol/drug services. and one in the Student Center).Each of student newspaper at no cost.The campus Self-referrals constitute much of the these areas distributes pamphlets,litera- newspaper also has a policy to not accept population served.Athletes are another ture and promotional items.The campus advertisements that glamorize alcohol.The targeted group.The student Athlete has a policy requiring Greek organizations newspaper also offers a discount to alcohol Assistance program is a special program to complete a party approval form. advertisers that print a “low-risk”message prepared for training coaches to make Sponsoring units where alcohol may be in their ad (such as “Don’t Drink and appropriate referrals of athletes. present (even when not directly supplied Drive”).Substance abuse awareness ads Curriculum offerings are extensive.An by the sponsor) are responsible for clean- are printed in the newspaper’s open introductory class is required for all new up,alcohol-free alternatives and security. filler space. athletes and is offered by the Wellness Evaluation and assessment include Social marketing campaigns include a Center.The Wellness Center trains the regular survey of the students.A faculty “Don’t Drink and Drive”media campaign instructors of the general University Life and staff environmental survey is also for spring break,a Holiday Safety Pledge skills course and assists faculty in incorpo- conducted.Results show recent drops program and a Holiday Safety Challenge, rating alcohol information into courses.The in student alcohol consumption and a with local bars competing to win points for Wellness Center staff offers speakers,work- reduction in negative consequences from safe-serving procedures.Another initiative shops,and materials on numerous alcohol alcohol use and an increase in referrals for is the “Positive Lifestyle Award,”a $100 topics:drinking and driving,fetal alcohol educational services. cash award to a student who writes a syndrome,women and alcohol,alcohol and

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Canisius College Central Connecticut State University Cuyahoga Community College Kathryn E.Philliben,M.S. Karen Engwall,M.Ed. Sharon L. Bell,M.P.A. Interim Dean of Students Prevention Specialist Program Coordinator Director of Residence Life Published in 1996 Sourcebook Published in 1996 Sourcebook Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: Description: Description: The campus efforts emphasize prevention The Alcohol-Drug Awareness Team The comprehensive approach designed to initiatives.The “Boiling Pot”metaphor is (ADAPT) Program is a pro-active,compre- address the problem of student alcohol used with the intention of creating many hensive primary and tertiary program for abuse on campus is best characterized as small outreach efforts supplementing the students and staff.The program’s focus being environmental and targeted.Five major ones,in order to reach a “Boiling includes awareness,education,faculty and initiatives specific to the student popula- Point”of common awareness on the effects staff training,curriculum infusion,student tion deal with many of the challenges of alcohol abuse.The campus uses Natural intervention and referral,and healthy associated with the college’s location. Helpers (a peer nominated group), Peer alternatives.Working with three distinct Enforcement of state laws and college reg- Educators who present short informational campuses and transient,urban and older ulations include a double proofing-bracelet sessions,and a Student Assistance Plan students,the program goals include policy system for college based events where with faculty and staff trained in listening design and implementation,heightened alcohol is distributed.The response to and referral skills. awareness,healthy alternatives and insti- violations incorporates an educational tutionalization of the program.ADAPT’s philosophy,with sanctions linked as closely mission is to bring together individuals, as possible to the offense.The PARTY groups,and organizations concerned with Program (Promoting Awareness and promoting healthy,responsible lifestyles Responsibility Through You) conducts a while reducing the prevalence of substance discussion with incoming students and abuse,both within the college and in the parents.Training for those who serve alco- neighboring community. hol is done through a workshop required for all campus sponsored events involving alcohol.OCTAA (On Campus Talking About Alcohol) is offered to interested students and campus leaders.

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Mount Holyoke College South Dakota School of Mines Temple University Karen Jacobus, M.Ed. and Technology Robert Schiraldi, Ed.D. Coordinator of Health Education Ruth Stoddard, M.S. DARE Coordinator Published in 1996 Sourcebook Assistant Director of Published in 1996 Sourcebook Residence Life Description: Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: The Alcohol and Drug Awareness project is The DARE program is a comprehensive designed to develop innovative strategies Description: service which offers drug and alcohol and programs to reduce high-risk behav- This program emphasizes educational related counseling and referral for the iors associated with drug and alcohol use. approaches to alcohol use,by encouraging four campuses.Staffed with a coordinator, The comprehensive approach includes positive choices and empowering the assistant coordinator,graduate assistant, policy development,program planning, non-drinkers.Several programs with and peer counselors,programs are offered prevention education and training,inter- different sub-groups of students have throughout the year in conjunction with vention and counseling.The project is a been implemented over the past few other university offices.Ongoing support catalyst for increased community collabo- years.Activities include alcohol awareness groups are offered,with referral to ration in understanding and addressing week,sur vey of the resident assistants, university and outside agencies as needed. drug and alcohol concerns.As a whole the risk management training with fraternity A task force reviews ongoing evaluations campus culture is addressed through a and sorority members,a SADD chapter, and provides recommendations for the systematic education approach;students policy changes,training,in-services for campus efforts.Additional specific activi- at risk for developing problems receive residence-hall staff and a wellness floor. ties include media campaigns,public infor- specialized services.The project’s“five C’s” mation efforts,curriculum infusion, serve as its foundation: commitment, coordinated enforcement and special clarity,consistency,coordination and programming for high-risk groups. collaboration.Included in the project’s implementation are an Alumnae Network, a Non-User Media Pilot Project which targets first-year students,training,peer education,and assessment and evaluation.

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The College of Saint Rose University of Louisville University of Maryland College Park John R.Ellis, M.Ed. Kathy Davis Karla Shepherd,M.Ed. Director Coordinator Coordinator,Programs and Orientation Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Services Health and Alcohol Education Published in 1996 Sourcebook Published in 1996 Sourcebook Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: Description: Description: Under the guidance of the CARING This multi-faceted prevention program The comprehensive program involves many Coalition,an umbrella organization of incorporates media advocacy,curriculum campus offices and academic departments. campus departments,students,and organ- infusion,peer education,environmental The services include numerous policies and izations,leadership is provided to change and extensive collaboration guidelines within the overall umbrella pol- strengthen alcohol prevention activities on between students,faculty and the admin- icy for the university,such as the impaired campus.Activities include a social market- istration.The Campus Climate Council, student policy,professional code of con- ing campaign to correct students’misper- which meets monthly,provides leadership duct,faculty and staff policies,guidelines ceptions regarding their peers’drinking regarding the overall campus environment. for student organizations,and athletic behavior and on-campus alcohol free activ- Programs,activities,and on-going assess- event policies.Educational programs ities are offered.The Substance Abuse ments are provided.Activities are designed provide information dissemination and Intervention Program is implemented for for all college constituencies,ranging from training.Academic courses emphasize peer students charged with an alcohol violation new student orientation,administrative health education,a student athlete course of campus policy or state law.Other major meetings,student leadership development, and curriculum infusion. Services include initiatives at the university are the CHOICES meetings of the Board of Trustees and the numerous support groups and the use of Peer Educational Program,which presents Horray Players. assessment tools.Enforcement by the programs to classes,residence halls and Department of Public Safety is thorough student organizations;the S.T.A.R.S.project and followed-up by the Alcohol Peer Court. focusing on student athletes;and a s The campus offers a wellness residence hall tate-certified out-patient treatment and and a lending library of resources. rehabilitation program.

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University of Medicine & Dentistry of University of Missouri-Columbia University of Pennsylvania New Jersey – Newark Campus Kim Dude, M.Ed. Kate Ward-Gaus,M.S.Ed. Ernesto A.Amaranto, M.D. Assistant Director Health Educator Director Student Life/Wellness Resource Center Published in 1996 Sourcebook Center for Student Mental Health Services and ADAPT Published in 1996 Sourcebook Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: The alcohol abuse reduction efforts Description: Description: emphasize collaboration and coordination. The ADAPT program includes a broad range Project PEARL (Professional Education Building on the results of a campus-wide of campus-based efforts.Peer educators Addressing Responsible Lifestyles) is a task force,campus efforts include policy receive extensive training to prepare them comprehensive primary prevention pro- development,program design,and review to present prevention programs.The cam- gram for drug and alcohol abuse.Its of new data.The comprehensive approach pus effort is designed to involve students emphasis is on creating a structure that is both constant and ever-evolving;the in the creation,planning and implementa- supports healthier lifestyles for students efforts are reviewed and qualitatively eval- tion of campus efforts as well as to increase and staff.The pro-active prevention pro- uated for effectiveness.With the goal of the critical mass of students reached gram complements the existing campus- reducing alcohol abuse,the campus efforts through these efforts.The alcohol aware- wide secondary treatment and tertiary incorporate initiatives by numerous cam- ness month,supported by an incentive rehabilitation programs.Three areas of pus offices;these include academic support system,includes peer theater,panel discus- interest serve as the basis for Project services,alumni relations,athletics,coun- sions,open houses,displays,information PEARL.The pro-active prevention programs seling services,health education,fraternity panels,information tables,and speakers.A center on a wellness concept that empha- and sorority affairs,health services,the weekly television show (Inside the ‘Zou) sizes responsible and healthy lifestyles; dispute resolution center,public safety, and the “Don’t Cancel That Class Service” these are student generated and aimed at the parents program,residential living, are highly publicized and well received a critical mass of the campus population. and the women’s center. The education portion includes a strong aspects of this campus effort.Although a curriculum addressing the problem of drug number of different research projects are and alcohol abuse.Third,the university conducted each year,the peer educators meets the requirements and spirit of fed- most frequently use the “program evalua- eral regulations.Specific activities include tion questionnaire,”which is administered the wellness program,the UnBar activities after many of the programs and events. and the Student Assistance Campus Committee.Alcohol-free beverages and an increasing number of social activities are conducted as alternatives.

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Walla Walla Community College Christina Connerly Program Coordinator Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: The StudentWellness Education and Action Team (S.W.E.A.T.) promotes awareness, prevention,education and community service regarding drug and alcohol abuse. Using the results of the student interest survey and other evaluation processes, the campus efforts include policy review incorporating student,faculty and staff input,attention to the creation of a new campus environment,numerous campus-wide awareness activities (such as awareness weeks,student convocation, window displays,presentations for target populations,leadership training,and a new student information day).Other sponsored activities include open gym nights,the raw-hide saloon (for rodeo athletes),a tail-gate potluck party,a“stress-free”zone, curriculum infusion initiatives,and well- ness conferences.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 177 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 178 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies AWARENESS AND INFORMATION

Creating awareness and disseminating information are among •Theater groups offer another strategy,and demonstrate energy the most popular approaches used by colleges and universities. and creativity through improvisational and scripted skits.The Dead Promoting increased understanding about alcohol and its effects, Day/Grim Reaper program helps illustrate alcohol-related crashes. offering alternative activities,and discussing personal choices are • New student orientations set the campus tone regarding the goals of awareness and information programs. alcohol issues as early as possible.They include written information,programs during the summer,correspondence The versatility,creativity and energy of the awareness and informa- with students and parents,and carnival-type activities,as well tion component make it one of the most widely used approaches as awareness programs for all new students at the beginning and one that extensively overlaps with the other nine components of the academic year.Other helpful approaches are freshman of a comprehensive campus program.The creative approaches initiatives,seminars,orientation programs,and parent letters. demonstrate well-designed methods for communicating accurate •Games or game shows promote public awareness about information to a variety of target populations.Interviews with those alcohol issues. submitting the initiatives reveal that it is important to be creative, •Other initiatives include outreach to local schools,newsletters, both in the message and in the design and location of advertising. distribution of materials and gimmicks (such as highlighter pens, These professionals emphasize the value of having fun and being key chains,rulers,trash bags and red ribbons), campus newspaper daring in these information campaigns.Further,they note that initial advertisements,posters,resource centers,informational publica- funding,such as that which came from the U.S.Department of tions,brochure racks and moveable brochure racks.Related initia- Education’s FIPSE grant program,was helpful and proves that a tives include campus-wide media efforts,awareness weekends, lot can be done with limited resources. and efforts targeting specific groups. Typical approaches within this area are: Awareness and information efforts also have a place in a compre- •An alcohol awareness week – or a day or a month – offers an hensive program.Linkages to issues such as violent behavior, opportunity for a wide variety of events in a focused period acquaintance rape and impaired driving are integral to these initia- of time.On many campuses the awareness events are linked with tives.Student organizations,such as BACCHUS chapters,provide a wellness theme.On other campuses they may be part of the helpful leadership. National Collegiate Alcohol Awareness Week.These events include Professionals commented on the importance of involving students Safe Spring Break campaigns,rape awareness weeks,holistic health in the design,pre-testing and implementation of awareness weeks and related theme weeks and months. campaigns.Ongoing communication and collaboration among •Alcohol-free parties include substance-free events,such as dances, departments are essential to the successful implementation of that offer alternatives to alcohol consumption and mocktails,where awareness and information efforts. non-alcoholic beverages are served to students. • Social marketing programs directly involve campus media in Finally,from a conceptual perspective,campus leaders note that breaking down myths and correcting beliefs regarding abusive blending alcohol abuse prevention messages with a positive lifestyle drinking.The primary purpose is to change campus norms and and holistic health approach results in the greatest acceptance of perceptions of these norms.Monthly campaigns and student the information. perception campaigns,as documented at numerous institutions, might include newspaper ads,posters,perception surveys and campus newspaper advertisements.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 179 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S San Bernandino Valley College Southern Maine Technical College Alcohol Awareness Month University of Missouri – Columbia

Contacts: “jail and bail”program,a happy hour with to those students who sign the pledge to San Bernandino Valley College alcohol-free beverages,information tables, remain alcohol free.During this month,the Enrollment:10,720 Public,Two Year Institution a mock DWI crash,a peer education display, sponsors’goal is to provide support and a community forum,a peer theater presen- alternatives for students who choose to be Joan Harter,M.A. Department of Human Services tation,a panel on “how to help a friend” alcohol/drug free and also to provide inter- Published in 1996 Sourcebook and an alcohol-free coffee house.One of the vention and referral services for students Southern Maine Technical College major events is “Don’t just talk the talk . .. who are abusing alcohol or drugs.Repre- Enrollment:2,532 Walk the walk,”a 24-hour walk in which sentatives from numerous agencies and Public,Two Year Institution groups of students in teams walk continu- programs in the community distribute Mark Krogman, LCSW ously for 24-hours in a tag team approach. information and make presentations Director throughout the month.The Office of Public Counseling Department To bolster attendance,an incentive point Relations arranges television interviews Published in 1996 Sourcebook system is used,names and addresses are and newspaper articles.Additional assis- University of Missouri – Columbia taken at most of the Alcohol Awareness tance is provided by local entertainment Enrollment:22,136 Month’s events and points are given at facilities,who provide coupons for Public,Four Year Institution each event,with some events receiving free services. Kim Dude, M.Ed. more points than others.At the end of Assistant Director Student Life the month,monetary awards are given to At Southern Maine Technical College,a Published in 1996 Sourcebook the residence hall floor and hall,and the “menu”of potential activities is distributed Greek pledge class and Greek house,that to all faculty members.The menu approach Objectives: accumulate the highest percentage of offers them a range of choices from passive •To increase student and staff awareness attendance throughout the month. to interactive,enabling faculty to tailor the of alcohol issues activity to their own comfort level and per- •To promote healthy living through The underlying messages of reducing ception of student interest and receptivity. a month-long series of activities heavy drinking and following the concept Faculty members are invited to sponsor an and displays of 0-1-2-3 are promoted during the month. alcohol awareness activity in one of their Students are told to drink 0 amount of classes during the awareness month. Description: alcohol if they are going to drive,no more Members of the campus-wide Substance At the University of Missouri – Columbia, than one drink per hour,no more than two Abuse Advisory Board,made up of faculty, the annual Alcohol Awareness Month nights of drinking per week and no more staff and students,assist in marketing the expands the Alcohol Awareness Week than three drinks in any one sitting.Some effort to department chairs and developing offered in previous years.With the theme public service announcements are played programs for the classroom setting.Topics “State of Mind,”it begins with a kickoff rally on the local television station to further include a community member talking and a proclamation-signing ceremony advertise the month. offered at the campus’administration about the 12-step process,a focus group,a At San Bernandino Valley College,the Alco- building.The proclamation is signed by structured interactive game,a discussion of hol Awareness Month employs volunteers the presidents of all the major student the campus’survey results and a videotape from human services,student government organizations,the chairpersons of the fac- on alcohol advertising.Approximately 25% and other student organizations.“Free for ulty council and staff council,the chancellor of the college’s students are reached by the Weekend”provides coupons for free and the mayor.Activities during the month this approach. entertainment for the following weekend include a panel of students in recovery,a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 180 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Dean College Georgia Southern University Alcohol Awareness Week Mount Olive College Rhodes College

Contacts: wide variety of programs held on campus Rhodes College sponsors two distinct Dean College for members of the college community.At awareness weeks:“Alcohol and Culture,” Enrollment:915 Private,Two Year Institution Georgia Southern University,numerous and “Absolute Awareness.”The former activities and programs are available.The week emphasizes the impact of alcohol on Jennifer Drake-Deese, M.A. Coordinator most popular and well attended ones are the community and individual responsibil- Counseling Services the Simulated DUI Crash,the Victim Impact ity.The week includes a “Free Spirit Tent”, Published in 1996 Sourcebook Panel,the Alcohol Liability/Risk Manage- discussions on alcohol and cultural Georgia Southern University ment Seminar,the Wrecked Car Exhibit, diversity and on women and alcohol,and Enrollment:14,138 the MADD Poster Board Exhibit,and the promotion of the “Safe Rides”program. Public,Four Year Institution Breath Analyzer.At the Simulated DUI “Absolute Awareness”focuses on how Edward Bayens,Ph.D. Crash,student peer educators and volun- alcohol affects personal and collective lives. Director Judicial Programs teers are involved in an alcohol-related Activities include a bulletin board display, Published in 1996 Sourcebook crash.Recreation of field sobriety tests,a the movie “Under the Influence,”an infor- Mount Olive College 911 call response by emergency agencies, mation booth of resources,a“Sobriety Enrollment:870 and the jaws of life attract the attention of Checkpoint”demonstration,“Alcohol IQ Private,Four Year Institution campus members.The Seminar on Alcohol Tests”with confidential self-assessments, Karen Van Norman,M.Ed. Liability/Risk Management,sponsored by “progressive drinking games”featuring Dean two fraternities,addresses the risks that students going through residence halls Student Development Published in 1996 Sourcebook student organizations incur when they quizzing other students on facts related Rhodes College sponsor programs where alcohol is per- to alcohol,and a bi-weekly electronic Enrollment:1,489 mitted.The president of the university newsletter. Private,Four Year Institution signs a proclamation designating the At Mount Olive College,a week-long series Ricci Hellman, Ed.D. week as an alcohol awareness week on of programs,events and promotions is Administrative Director the campus and states that the university Health Services designed to raise awareness about alcohol is committed to presenting programs Published in 1996 Sourcebook abuse and its consequences.Event planners throughout the academic year that encourage alternatives to alcohol use for discourage the misuse of alcohol amount Objectives: the relief of stress and to have fun. students on campus. •To promote activities in conjunction with Examples of programs include staged a campus-wide alcohol awareness week At Dean College,FREAK Week (Finding drunk-driving arrests and a subsequent •To heighten awareness of alcohol and Responsible and Entertaining Alternatives trial which uses local police and attorneys. related issues among students,faculty on Kampus) is designed to educate and Other activities include a free day at the and staff entertain students.The week of activities local health spa to relieve stress,mocktails includes a mocktail booth,a crashed car,a served at a comedy show and stress relief Description: simulated car crash with the Convincer,a kits placed in all student and faculty mail- While many campuses sponsor a week of discussion on heavy drinking,information boxes.Each day features a different theme activities during National Collegiate Alcohol tables,a pledge,socials and the “Wall to address specific aspects of the topics. Awareness Week,some campuses have of Reality.” their own distinct awareness week with a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 181 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S East Carolina University Pasco Hernando Southern Illinois University Alcohol-Free Activities Community College at Edwardsville

Contacts: Objectives: activities in a carnival-like atmosphere. East Carolina University •To promote awareness of the viability Events such as eating contests,bingo, Enrollment:17,657 Public,Four Year Institution of alcohol-free activities frozen turkey bowling,wacky relays,twister •To engage students in their own and karaoke are sponsored by student Donna J.Walsh, Ph.D. Director prevention efforts organizations.At midnight,free pizza and Health Promotion and Wellbeing •To provide students with information soda are served,and a late night dance Stephen Gray, M.S. about alcohol and drugs concludes the event. Associate Director Mendenhall Student Center Description: Tons of Fun was designed to counteract Published in 1996 Sourcebook A wide variety of activities can be offered the student belief that they cannot have Pasco Hernando to demonstrate the value of alcohol-free fun without alcohol.It engages students Community College events.These may be instituted to in their own prevention efforts by having Enrollment:6,636 them volunteer to provide activities,work Public,Two Year Institution addressed a problem (East Carolina University) or promote community concessions or participate in games.Held Bob Bade,M.A. on a Friday night,it helps bring students Coordinator involvement (Pasco Hernando Community from their “designated party night”into an Shirla Andes,M.A. College). Assistant Coordinator alcohol-free environment.A committee of Midnight Madness is offered at East Student Activities students,faculty and staff meets to coordi- Carolina University to counteract the Published in 1996 Sourcebook nate activity ideas.Many of the adminis- downtown Halloween night activities;this Southern Illinois University trative details are arranged by the Alcohol Halloween party has attracted an increas- at Edwardsville and Drug Awareness Program staff and Enrollment:10,938 ing number of ECU students and guests student volunteers are selected to staff Public,Four Year Institution each year.Transformed by decorations,the the event. Phil Parrish,M.Ed. campus center houses various alcohol-free Coordinator events for students.Games and costumes The Students Against Drunk Driving (SADD) Published in 1996 Sourcebook are widespread,and prizes are given for Chapter at Pasco Hernando Community pumpkin-carving contests.A dance, College organizes an Easter Egg Hunt since karaoke and shows with performing artists many students have children.The overall are offered on the same evening and for- aim of the project is to provide a long- tune tellers and wizards are also on site. term alcohol a awareness program in the Food is served,and the building’s bowling community.During this hunt,the children and billiards are available. search for eggs and win prizes,while parents receive information on how to talk At Southern Illinois University at to their children about drugs and alcohol. Edwardsville,Tons of Fun is offered as an The event is offered over a two and one- annual late night function where more half hour period,with different age groups than 30 student organizations sponsor scheduled for different times.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 182 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alternatives to Drinking Georgia Southern University

Contact: campus activities,the Awareness Week has Organization for the week of activities Georgia Southern University been expanded to emphasize alternatives comes from a committee of staff,students, Enrollment:14,157 Public,Four Year Institution to drinking,and is titled,“It’s Super Being and faculty members.Individuals from Sober.”While the week is targeted to all various parts of the campus are responsible Sara B.Oswalt, M.P.H. Health Educator students,the focus is on those under the for specific activities.For example,repre- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook legal drinking age. sentatives from Campus Recreation and Intramurals coordinate the volleyball There are four specific components to the tournament,while peer educators assist Objectives: program:an information fair,a volleyball •To expand Alcohol Awareness Week with judging the alcohol-free party tournament,a guide to alcohol-free activi- programming to include alternatives competition.The committee’s marketing ties,and an alcohol-free party competition. to drinking strategies include mass distribution of •To counteract the belief that consuming The information fair promotes student flyers,public service announcements on alcohol is part of the college student organizations whose activities do not the campus radio station,an article in tradition include alcohol.They provide options for the student newspaper,the electronic •To provide information about alcohol-free students who want to get involved in bulletin board,and a letter to faculty activities on campus and in the alcohol-free activities.The information about upcoming events. community about these organizations complements The traditional Alcohol Awareness Week facts about the risks of alcohol consump- events are well received,as are the new Description: tion.The “Spike The Ball, Not Your Drink” activities which focus on alternatives to Alcohol awareness programming is pro- volleyball tournament provides an oppor- drinking.In one recent week,200 students vided during the Alcohol Awareness Week tunity for students to get exercise and took part in traditional activities such as and emphasizes safety issues such as enjoy an alcohol-free activity.“The Best of the breath analyzer demonstration,and drinking and driving,sexual assault,and the ‘Boro”is a resource guide to community 300 students attended the Student unplanned sexual activity.Although activities that are not centered around Organization Management Seminar.Over responsible alcohol use is an important alcohol.The alcohol-free party competition 500 students entered the alcohol-free component for students who consume provides an opportunity for groups of stu- party competition,and 15 teams played alcohol,this concept often implies that dents to organize an alcohol-free theme in the volleyball tournament. such use is permissible for underage party.Points are awarded for decorations, drinkers and that support for non-drinkers food,and beverages,and cash prizes are is not present.To counteract the belief awarded for those with top scores. that consuming alcohol is always part of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 183 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Ashland University Ferrum College BACCHUS Chapter Georgia Institute of Technology Indian River Community College

Contacts: Objectives: wellness fair,a Red Ribbon campaign, Ashland University •To promote the responsible use of alcohol soberfest,driving reflex simulator,mock Enrollment:5,823 Private,Four Year Institution by those of legal age DUI arrest,coffee houses,mock car crash, •To provide positive and healthy events radio shows,luminaries,safe break kits, Jennifer Mosher Health Educator for the campus community raffles and the Vince and Larry crash Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: test dummies. Ferrum College Get A Buzz On Life (GABOL) is a student Enrollment:1,124 A national organization,BACCHUS Private,Four Year Institution (Boosting Alcohol Consciousness group that provides alternative activities for Georgia Institute of Technology stu- Patricia W.Crawley-Gray,RN Concerning the Health of University Director Students) emphasizes numerous campus- dents.This BACCHUS chapter sponsors Health Services wide alcohol awareness events and is a major events such as the Safe Holiday Published in 1996 Sourcebook popular approach to implementing campus and Spring Break pledge campaigns that Georgia Institute of Technology activities.At Ashland University,sponsored encourage students to pledge to not drink Enrollment:12,900 and drive.Parties are hosted in conjunction Public,Four Year Institution programs include a Lifesavers Pledge,a Spin and Win Game (alcohol- and drug- with the residence hall association and Michelle Burne, M.P.H. awareness events for sexual assault and Director related questions),a Tree of Life Campaign Wellness Center (students pledge not to drink and drive other alcohol-related problems are offered. Published in 1996 Sourcebook during the holidays),a presentation on the Alcohol IQ games for National Collegiate Indian River Community College legal consequences of underage drinking Alcohol Awareness Week,including mock- Enrollment:21,134 and on host responsibility by an attorney, tails,are a major activity.Collaboration is Public,Two Year Institution an explanation of drunk-driving laws by a extensive between GABOL and the well- Patricia Corey,RN highway patrolman,Dead Day,a mocktail ness center,the student government and Coordinator the residence hall association. Health and Wellness bar,a movie night at a local theater,a Red Published in 1996 Sourcebook Ribbon campaign,wrist bands to use at At Indian River Community College,the social events where alcohol is served, BACCHUS club works in conjunction with and awareness week and spring break the Campus Coalition Government.They week campaigns. sponsor events in cooperation with At Ferrum College,BACCHUS is sponsored National Collegiate Alcohol Awareness by the College Health Center and con- Week and for holiday and spring breaks, tributes to every major event and theme and they often include local agencies such week at the college.In conjunction with as the police department.The club aver- other campus organizations (e.g.,the stu- ages six events each year and attends a dent government,MADD,the residence hall state-wide peer education conference.The association,faculty,student activities,etc.), group provides Bactails (alcohol-free cock- the BACCHUS chapter works to provide tails) at most of their events.Posters,pam- quality programs.Activities include an phlets and promotional materials are used alcohol orientation for new students,a to communicate the group’s messages.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 184 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Caldwell College Bathroom Stall Flyers College of Eastern Utah

Contacts: Description: flyers.At the College of Eastern Utah, well- Caldwell College Information on alcohol and related issues ness themes are chosen from nationally Enrollment:1,705 Private,Four Year Institution is distributed widely across campus by recognized theme months,weeks,and placing flyers in bathroom stalls.Because days.At Caldwell College,the flyers contain Sandy Rock,M.A. Director of the strategic placement,these flyers information on alcohol,as well as study Substance Awareness Counseling receive attention from virtually everyone tips and health issues. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook on campus. At the College of Eastern Utah, topics sug- College of Eastern Utah Enrollment:3,000 At the College of Eastern Utah,a 9”x 12” gested by students are often incorporated Public,Two Year Institution plexiglass holder is installed in each stall into the flyers in an effort to make the Terry Holbrook and above each urinal in every bathroom contents relevant,and artwork is created Director on campus.This series,known as the “Buzz by students or staff members.A graphic Student Health & Wellness Center Clip,”is changed every Monday morning. arts student creates the weekly series in an Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Caldwell College has resident assistants advertising format,and additional cover- put up “Stall Stories”in the residences age is achieved by having an ad series that Objectives: on a weekly basis;student employees addresses issues similar to those covered in •To get substance abuse information place them in other campus restrooms. the Buzz Clip run in the school newspaper. widely disseminated to students •To assist in the process of changing On both campuses,attention is given Evaluation results from the College of campus norms about substance use to providing a variety of information. Eastern Utah show that more students are •To provide information in a non- Information on alcohol issues,adapted receiving information,and the perception threatening and entertaining way from national publications such as the of alcohol and drug use is changing in a BACCHUS Beat,as well as general health positive direction. and wellness information is included in the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 185 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Bile Them Cabbage Down Bethel College

Contact: ramifications that are unique to the your life? How do you think drinking and a Bethel College college’s community.A primary focus of Christian lifestyle go together? Is drinking Enrollment:2,150 Private,Four Year Institution this effort is on the interactive discussion while a student at Bethel an issue of groups linked to the page. personal integrity? Does one student’s Chad Hoyt drinking affect the rest of the Bethel Resident Director Not only is the program designed to Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook community? provide information about alcohol,it also provides an honest evaluation of drinking Students are encouraged to respond to any Objectives: as a personal lifestyle choice. of these questions;and the responses are •To promote open dialogue about drinking posted to a news group that is confined to and its effects The style and language of the Web sites the college community.In addition,users of •To encourage students to honestly are intended to be relevant to students, the college Web site are able to see others’ evaluate their alcohol consumption thereby inviting dialogue between stu- responses to the questions.Users of the dents engaged in heavier alcohol use.The system are made aware that their Description: page offers links to numerous alcohol- responses may not be anonymous because The Residence Life staff created a Web site related resources (such as Alcoholics of the computer-dependent nature of containing information related to alcohol Anonymous).It also includes a brief health posted “from”addresses. consumption.This site offers perspectives test assessment tool from the University of from prominent staff and faculty leaders Iowa.To advertise the Web site a graphic Additional sections of the Web site are and provides links to other sites that designer from the college’s Public Relations “Listen Up”(statements about what address facts about alcohol and personal Department created door hangers that dis- others on campus have decided about assessment of alcohol use. play the Web page’s title and Web address. alcohol) and “Take a Hike”(fact sheets, The target audience is campus students These door hangers are placed on residence as well as links to other Web sites).The who drink regularly.The planners of this hall doors. Web site can be reached at http://www.bethel.edu/Student Web site hope to promote honest dialogue Four questions serve as the primary link _Development/Alcohol_Awareness.htm. about drinking and its effects,and the of the Web site:How has alcohol affected

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 186 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Nebraska Wesleyan University Campaigns by the Month Tidewater Community College

Contacts: Description: activities include an October Fest Fair,a Nebraska Wesleyan University Several approaches are used to enhance Carnival Game,distribution of highlighter Enrollment:1,610 Private,Four Year Institution the educational experience with alterna- pens with the theme and message,fact tives to negative societal influences.At sheets,lectures,flyers,and brochures. Jody Donovan,M.Ed. Tidewater Community College,a holistic Director of Student Life Through the CHOICES program at Nebraska Assistant Vice President for Student Affairs approach emphasizes theme-based activi- Wesleyan University,students receive an Published in 1996 Sourcebook ties throughout the academic year.These alcohol-related educational message in Tidewater Community College include:“None for the Road”,“Natural their campus mailboxes each month. Enrollment:17,660 Highs,”“Naturally Spirited”,“Highlighting Public,Two Year Institution Seasonally,they receive a promotional Your Life,”“Kisses are Sweeter than Wine”, Jan Taylor item:a key chain in the shape of a key “AIDS Awareness and Safer Sex”,and Student Activities Coordinator (“the key to making good choices”);a cup “Enabling”.The “None for the Road”cam- Published in 1996 Sourcebook with the logo “bubbling over with good paign,for example,has fact-based articles choices”at winter break;a mini beach distributed to the entire student body, Objectives: towel to“stay dry”during spring break;and theme-based stickers placed on all com- •To promote alcohol-free social and recre- a bumper sticker – a reminder of summer mercial pizza boxes delivered during the ational events as a proactive alternative choices related to drinking and driving. to the use of drugs or alcohol first two weeks of the semester,and a On a monthly basis,a CHOICES booth is set •To provide ongoing information on “links of life”chain with colored paper up at a varsity sporting event and staffed alcohol,drugs and wellness initiatives rings signed by students who pledge not by student assistant mentors.Public aware- •To emphasize and implement wellness to drink and drive.During the “Naturally ness bulletin boards,located in high traffic activities as a proactive alternative to Spirited”campaign,a“Whine and Cheese areas on campus,contain facts,figures the use of drugs or alcohol Social”is offered with non-alcoholic grape juice and cheese crackers,and area night- and memorable messages about alcohol clubs are encouraged to provide free soft use and alternative choices.In addition, drinks to designated drivers at New Year’s student organizations sponsor a carnival Eve parties. and tail gate party during the first home football game:a“Jail and Bail Booth,”a bar At the beginning of each semester,book- for mocktails,and numerous carnival marks with different alcohol and drug booths for fun and awareness are set up awareness or crisis contacts are placed in near the stadium. each book sold at the bookstore.Other

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 187 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus-wide Media Effort The College of Saint Rose

Contact: massive multi-media blitz,using posters, The car eer servi c es office includes prevent i o n The College of Saint Rose handouts,brochures,newspaper articles information in its regularly presented Enrollment:3,879 Private,Four Year Institution and ads,balloons,videotapes,computer workshops and seminars and the alumni software programs and audiotaped public magazine features several articles John R.Ellis, M.Ed. Director service announcements.These educational on the college’s prevention efforts.Often, Prevention Services items are targeted and distributed to all these media campaigns are designed to Published in 1996 Sourcebook campus constituencies. take advantage of holidays and events such as orientation,Thanksgiving,Christmas, Various groups on the campus incorporate Objectives: the Super Bowl, St.Patrick’s Day and the drug and alcohol prevention informa- •To expose college constituencies to issues spring break.Materials include a card that tion into their routine activities.For surrounding the use and abuse of alcohol encourages the wearing of a green ribbon example,the campus ministry includes and drugs on St.Patrick’s Day to support low-risk prevention information in its regular •To prepare media campaigns to coincide drinking choices;a card on Valentine’s Day bulletin and minority student services with holidays and events to“Keep it Sober Sweetheart,”a bookmark provides information in its programs.The entitled “Study Hard and Party Smart”(a Description: academic computing office places com- program on the four stages of drinking), The College of Saint Rose implements a puter mousepads with drug and alcohol and a social marketing series that contains coordinated and comprehensive program prevention information imprinted on them facts on college student drinking. utilizing media advocacy,curriculum in all computer labs on campus.Seven dif- infusion,peer education and environmen- ferent messages,such as “This problem can One result of this dissemination of pre- tal change.One major initiative is to expose infect or affect others”and “Too much of vention information is the fact that the the numerous constituencies on the either one will cause serious problems” percentage of students who are aware campus,from the Board of Trustees to the appear on the mousepad following the that there is a Drug and Alcohol Prevention students,to the physical,mental and social overall thematic statement“Getting Drunk program on the campus increased from implications of the use and abuse of is Like a Computer Virus.” 23% to 58% in a three-year period. alcohol and drugs.This is done through a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 188 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Conference on Drinking and Driving University of Illinois at Springfield

Contact: education and counseling,ramifications of contained alcohol).The scenarios are read University of Illinois at Springfield incarceration,marketing influences on aloud with the consequences becoming Enrollment:4,702 Public,Four Year Institution drinking behavior,healthy alternatives more severe as the number of drinks con- toward drinking,and partying responsibly. sumed increases.Participants are asked to Judy Shipp,Ph.D. Clinical Counselor In addition,the campus police perform use a Blood Alcohol Content Estimator to Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook skits to demonstrate what happens when read their potential blood alcohol content an individual is stopped for drinking and based on the number of stars on their Objectives: driving,taken to jail,and to court.To pro- name tag. •To increase awareness about alcohol mote additional interest,the skits include The theme of the conference is “All I Want impairment and the consequences of a well-known university staff member To Do Is Have Some Fun,”which represents drinking and driving featured as the “DUI offender.” a common attitude among college stu- •To identify healthy alternatives to alcohol The conference includes a free luncheon dents.The focus of many of the conference consumption and to promote responsible and ends with a mocktail reception,during sessions is on how to have fun safely.The alcohol consumption which students sample and learn how to titles of the conference sessions are based Description: make Equally Attractive Non-Alcoholic on popular music; for example,the DUI A conference on drinking and driving is Beverages (EANABs).The mocktail recep- enactment skits are titled “Gimme 3 Steps,” offered on campus,targeting the university tion is an experiential learning activity that “I Can’t Drive 55,”and “The Heat is On.”A community of students,staff and faculty. incorporates information presented during music trivia contest is held with a prize To increase student interest and atten- the conference and demonstrates princi- awarded to the participant who correctly dance,the event is held in conjunction with ples of responsible behavior.Whenever identifies the most musical performers the campus’Springfest activities.Springfest participants order a drink,they receive a whose songs are listed on the conference teams whose members attend and partici- star to place on their name tag.Half-way program. through the reception,the campus police pate in the conference are awarded bonus The evaluation design includes the use distribute colored pieces of paper corre- points for the team competition. of a pre-test and post-test instrument. sponding to the number of stars on the The day-long event begins with an ice Questions include knowledge of the law, name tags.Participants are asked to go to breaker which helps participants address consequences of alcohol use,perceptions specific locations in the room in accordance misperceptions about peer alcohol use. of drunk driving,consequences of drinking with the color they are given. Participants Speakers address various aspects of and driving,how to drink responsibly, then create a scenario describing potential drinking and driving:legal aspects and and marketing strategies used by the consequences of having had the number consequences,closed-head injuries,DUI, alcohol industry. of drinks they consumed (had the drinks

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 189 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Oberlin College Dance Program University of Northern Colorado

Contacts: Objectives: where the dances are held,agrees to not Oberlin College •To implement alcohol-free activities serve alcohol one night a week and lets the Enrollment:2,741 Private,Four Year Institution •To promote a belief among students that volunteers run the event.The dances are they can have fun without the use of co-sponsored by campus organizations, Barbara Mehwald, M.A. Assistant Dean alcohol or drugs including honor societies,residence halls, Residential Life campus police and fraternities and sorori- Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: ties.Volunteers pick a theme and design The Free Your Mind Dance Program is an University of Northern Colorado advertisements. Enrollment:10,426 alcohol-free,weekly event at the University Public,Four Year Institution of Northern Colorado,and is scheduled in At Oberlin College,an alcohol-free ballroom Ann Quinn-Zobeck,M.A. direct competition with off-campus par- dance is sponsored by one residential Coordinator ties.Organized by the BACCHUS Club in the community,with the goal of making a Drug Prevention/Education Program student-run Center for Alcohol Resources campus-wide statement and impact. Published in 1996 Sourcebook and Education for Students (CARES),the Students volunteer to develop themes, dances feature music by a professional disk secure funding,prepare decorations, jockey,crazy contests,prizes,and no-cost organize setup and takedown,and non-alcoholic drinks.The campus pub, handle publicity.

Dead Days/Grim Ohio Dominican College Reaper Program University of West Florida

Contacts: Objectives: week,thus sending a serious message Ohio Dominican College •To help students experience the reality of during the week of fun activities.The final Enrollment:1,713 Private,Four Year Institution the statistics of alcohol-related crashes appearance takes place on stage at a pro- •To heighten awareness about alcohol- fessional comedian’s performance;all “dead Christina Curtiss, M.Ed. Director impaired driving people”in attendance stand while the Jennifer Brown significance of the program is explained. Director,Residence Life Description: At Ohio Dominican College,the Grim Published in 1996 Sourcebook The Dead Days Program at the University of Reaper appears during the Health University of West Florida West Florida incorporates the “Grim Reaper” Enrollment:7,818 who appears on campus randomly touching Awareness Fair.Two individuals dress up as Public,Four Year Institution community members;each touch repre- the “Grim Reaper”; wearing black robes and Gregory E.Dziadon,Ed.S. sents a life lost from an alcohol-related carrying scythes,they walk silently around Assistant Director,Student Affairs crash.The “victims”are marked by placing campus “killing”students.If a student is Published in 1996 Sourcebook on each person a black ribbon or some “killed,”he/she goes to a central meeting other distinguishing feature.The 48-hour place and dresses in the “ghost”attire. project is co-sponsored by a local fraternity Students are notified ahead of time and chapter and coincides with homecoming are asked to get permission from their professors to wear the costume in class.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 190 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Drink Think – Alcohol Conference Wake Forest University

Contact: pre s i d e n t provided leadership to implement During the small-group sessions,students Wake Forest University a campus event where small working told their own stories related to alcohol.In Enrollment:5,892 Private,Four Year Institution groups would concentrate on three areas: addition,participants defined the problem tell personal stories regarding alcohol, of alcohol abuse on campus and created Natascha Romeo, M.Ed. Health Educator identify root causes of alcohol abuse causal maps for finding the root of the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook among students,and create solutions. problem;these maps were later shared in a large-group session.Following the con- To obtain student support for the confer- ference,the small groups met again to cre- Objectives: ence,fraternity and sorority student •To strengthen campus-wide awareness ate solutions and make recommendations. leaders were approached to support the of problems related to alcohol Resolutions made by the task forces “Drink Think”conference.The fraternity and •To develop community resolve to deal address a variety of topics,including the sorority organizations agreed to become with alcohol-related issues importance of the freshman year as a criti- conference co-sponsors and developed •To create tangible programming ideas to cal intervention period,the gap between the theme of “Drink Think.”Invitations to deal with symptoms and root causes of perception and reality,the lack of organ- attend the conference were issued to students’heavy drinking ized activities late at night,the responsibil- students who were not in a fraternity and •To enhance existing formal and informal ity for campus social life,the potential for sorority by randomly selecting names from communication and support networks substance-free housing,the importance of the university telephone directory. for students teaching social skills,gender differences, The “Drink Think”campus-wide alcohol and the need to develop a more caring Description: conference was attended by approximately campus community. After studying results of campus-wide drug 140 students,faculty,staff and guests. Attendees at the conference rated the and alcohol surveys,staff members were Representatives from most of the Atlantic event very highly;students were clear concerned about addressing the heavy Coast Conference institutions were also about what they had learned and said that consumption of alcohol on campus. present.Two national speakers made large- this knowledge had had an impact on their Student leaders decided to create an event group presentations;and small-group behavior.The participants suggested that where members of the campus community sessions,facilitated by trained students in future such events should last for a could talk openly about the alcohol and professionals,were also offered. problem on the campus.The University’s longer period of time.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 191 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Drug and Alcohol Awareness Program CHI Institute RETS Campus

Contact: Description: an article on alcohol issues.October is CHI Institute RETS Campus Leadership is provided by the Career Collegiate Alcohol Awareness Month,and Enrollment:450 Private,Two Year Institution Development Department for this program December emphasizes MADD’S “Tie One On that is designed to demonstrate how for Safety Month.”Also included during the Jim Lincke Director involvement with substances can affect a year is a “video viewing month , ”when each Career Development student’s career path.Because the campus faculty member is asked to show at least Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook goal is to prepare every student for one alcoh o l / d r ug awar eness video to his/her employment in his/her chosen career field, class.Another month is a “Drug and Alcohol Objectives: and because many employers emphasize Bulletin Board Month.”Other months •To inform students,faculty,and staff of that their employees must be substance- emphasize the “I’m free for the weekend” the effects of drug and alcohol abuse on free,campus leaders stress the potential campaign and nonalcoholic drink month. their career path consequences of drug/alcohol misuse. Since the program has no funding, •To educate the campus community about To help get students and staff more information is gleaned from campus and pol i c y enfor cem e n t and available res o u r ces involved,a monthly program is in effect.In community sources.Staff and faculty September,the school’s newsletter runs a donate books,articles,and features,and “Write to the Editor”campaign,encourag- many community organizations offer ing students,staff,and faculty to submit articles and materials.

Drug and Alcohol Weekend King’s College

Contact: Description: (e.g.,“Finding Out”,“The Champ”and “Do King’s College To help students address drug and alcohol Right”),a focus talk by a recovering alco- Enrollment:2,271 Private,Four Year Institution issues from a prevention perspective,the holic,family reflections,meditation letters Drug and Alcohol Weekend (D/AWN) acts and private feedback from the Team. Rev.Joseph A. Sidera,Ph.D. as a “wake-up call”before major problems Director of Counseling This weekend is run by members from two Published in 1996 Sourcebook occur.Away from the campus drinking College Counseling Centers (King’s College milieu,D/AWN gives students the oppor- and Misericordoa College) and is offered tunity and direction to ask themselves Objectives: two or three times a year depending on •To provide an opportunity to learn more about their abuse from a family,personal the need.Many students are referred by about oneself and one’s use and abuse of and environmental perspective.Through the Dean of Students with behavior drugs and alcohol discussion,games and other activities, change,leading to retention in college,as •To promote healthier alternative activities students reflect on why they are getting the desired outcome.Most of the students into trouble.Activities offered during the who participate in the weekend finish weekend include preparation of a personal college,serving as a testimony to the coat of arms,completion of a personal helpfulness of this approach. substance abuse assessment,films

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 192 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Facing The Wall University of St.Thomas

Contact: Description: The project is viewed as a success since University of St.Thomas As part of the National Collegiate Alcohol many bricks appear on the wall and many Enrollment:2,298 Private,Four Year Institution Awareness Week,a project called “The Wall: students stop to read the wall regardless of What Has Alcohol Meant in Your Life? Add whether or not they placed their own brick Deborah Baker,Ph.D. Director Your Brick to the Wall”takes place in the on the wall.The bricks that appear prima- Counseling and Testing Service student center.A large piece of butcher rily describe the negative effects of alcohol; Published in 1996 Sourcebook paper with the program caption at the top however,there are some that describe the is secured to a prominent wall next to the good feelings or perceived luck that alcohol Objectives: campus cafeteria.On a table in front of this, use has produced for them.Since no bricks •To raise awareness that alcohol affects the students have access to 4”x 8”“bricks”(red are censored,students respond to the lives of many people construction paper) and crayons.They are messages they disagree with by writing •To promote participation in a ongoing asked to write ways that alcohol has played another brick.Campus planners are con- communication activity a part in their life and tape their brick to sidering another use of the wall as “Lessons the wall.In addition to the bricks,the table I Have Learned From Previous Spring Break contains alcohol-related educational pam- Adventures”as an awareness approach phlets and flyers,and a description of the during the week prior to spring break. services of the counseling services office. Practicum students monitor the table to ensure that materials remain well stocked.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 193 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Focused Awareness Hillsborough Community College Lycoming College Week Events Rochester Community College

Contacts: Description: questionnaire.Central to promoting the Hillsborough Community College In an effort to illustrate the significant role event are campus peer educators. Enrollment:20,642 that alcohol plays in date rape,and physical Public,Two Year Institution Rochester Community College’s Rape and sexual violence,focused awareness Claire Jordan Awareness Week consists of a series of weeks are offered.Lycoming College Student Activities Advisor events that focus on the theme,“Let’s Published in 1996 Sourcebook addresses the linkage between alcohol Make a World Without Rape.”Students are abuse and physical violence.The Lycoming College encouraged to explore their own personal Enrollment:1,524 “Clothesline Project”has students print behaviors,with an emphasis that violence Private,Four Year Institution messages on colored T-shirts,which are is a responsibility of everyone.The program Mark J. Britten,M.Ed. hung on a clothesline for others to view. Director illustrates the connection between sub- The different colored T-shirts represent Counseling Services stance use and violence,observing that different categories of sexual and physical Published in 1996 Sourcebook alcohol and drugs contribute to,yet do violence.The value of the Clothesline Rochester Community College not cause violence.Numerous campus and project is its dramatic visual appeal and Enrollment:3,940 faculty members are encouraged to be Public,Two Year Institution the direct involvement of students in deco- involved,including extra-credit points and Melissa Bondy rating shirts to express their experiences response papers.The community-wide Director with and opinions about violence.The ADAPT (Alcohol and “Take Back the Night”march and rally Clothesline is displayed in a different Drug Abuse Prevention Team) marked the kickoff of the college’s activi- location on campus each day for five Published in 1996 Sourcebook ties.Activities scheduled during the week consecutive days,thereby helping ensure include an information booth,Dating Game that all students,faculty and staff have Objectives: (a skit about perceptions of date rape, an opportunity to view the messages. •To use the campus alcohol awareness communication and the effects of alcohol week to highlight the linkage between At Hillsborough Community College,a on the decision-making process),My Life alcohol and certain consequences,such presentation links abusive alcohol use (the story of a college student rape vic- as date rape and violence and unhealthy sexual practices.The slogan tim/survivor,which illustrates the connec- •To provide information about ways of pre- “You’ve Got To Wrap The Mast”builds upon tion between substance abuse and rape), venting problems associated with alcohol the analogy that“before you set sail,you’ve a mock trial,a sexual health day,a movie •To assist students identify and use got to wrap the mast.”Incorporated in (“The Accused”),a discussion of definitions campus and community resources the event are icebreakers,trivia games, of sexual assault and rape,and a closing that respond to substance abuse and participation events and an AIDS ceremony celebrating the commitment to related issues ending violence.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 194 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of Oregon University of Wisconsin Freshman Initiatives at Parkside

Contacts: •To address the misperceptions of fresh- The Focus on Freshmen project at the University of Oregon men regarding heavy drinking University of Oregon addresses freshmen Enrollment:16,681 Public,Four Year Institution misperceptions of the prevalence of heavy Description: drinking.The Reality Check Information Linda Devine, M.P.A. Detailed and focused campaigns are Assistant Director Campaign,conveys information in a low- offered to freshmen beyond the orientation Student Life Retention Programs key manner and advertises events that period.At the University of Wisconsin at Published in 1996 Sourcebook serve alternatives to heavy-drinking Parkside,the “University Seminar”is University of Wisconsin at Parkside occasions (myth/reality advertisements, required for all students and incorporates Enrollment:5,027 orientation tidbits,alternative activities, Public,Four Year Institution alcohol issues,such as drinking and driving, and the IntroDUCKtion presentation that Marcy Cayo,M.S. alcohol consumption levels,stages of use, discusses alcohol use and consequences). Program Manager heavy drinking and consequences of alco- Published in 1996 Sourcebook The “Drinking is Glamorous?”advertising hol misuse.Designed to assist students to campaign challenges the perception that deal with the difficult decisions and peer drinking is glamorous and highlights the Objectives: pressure that they often face,it helps •To inform new students about a variety of consequences of drinking for alcohol users students recognize that the norm of heavy issues including alcohol use and wellness and their friends. drinking is neither normal nor healthy.

Funnel of Obsession East Carolina University

Contacts: Description: alcohol-related death.Next,a brief court East Carolina University scene is shown where a student is found Enrollment:17,445 A multi-disciplinary team developed this guilty of killing someone while driving Public,Four Year Institution experiential seven stage funnel program under the influence of alcohol. The fifth Donna J.Walsh,Ph.D. to increase awareness about alcohol issues. room highlights facts and figures related to Director of Health Promotion Each stage lasts about 20 minutes. alcohol use,alcohol advertising,and local Carolyn “Waz”Miller,M.S. Beginning with “The Wall,”students read Associate Director for Residence Life incidents,and presents positive social and and add to statements about how alcohol Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook entertainment alternatives offered by the misuse has affected their lives.Next,groups campus community.The next setting is a of 10-15 view a video that incorporates Objectives: group processing of the experience with clips from movies that are related to alco- •To increase awareness of how alcohol a counseling professional.The final hol abuse,sexual assault,and other nega- misuse affects individual lives experience offers mocktails and provides tive effects of substance abuse.The third •To promote positive alcohol-free pamphlets and brochures on campus group experience is a “party”where stu- activities. resources and alcohol information. dent life staff members role play a 21st birthday party.Situations relate to alcohol The favorable feedback showed a strong and relationship violence,date rape,and emotional and intellectual experience.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 195 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Mississippi State University Park College Games Rutgers University

Contacts: For example,Park College implements a correctly answer the question is awarded Mississippi State University game show form a t in its orie nt a tion progra m ; a $100 cash prize.During timeouts at the Enrollment:14,152 Public,Four Year Institution Mississippi State University schedules game,the announcer gives other alcohol- six “Bully Choices Quizshows”at home related messages to remind students of Laura Walling,M.Ed. Director basketball games;and Rutgers University’s this event. Recreational Sports game “Imagine That!”can be used in The game “Imagine That!”simulates several Published in 1996 Sourcebook many settings. nights out during which alcohol is involved Park College Enrollment:8,494 An interactive game show format is used in various social settings.Individuals faced Private,Four Year Institution during Park College’s new student orien- with choices regarding their relationships S.L.Sartain,M.S.Ed., Ed.S. tation.This program consists of a panel of with others and their knowledge of the Dean of Students staff and community experts who pose possible consequences of alcohol-related Published in 1996 Sourcebook questions to opposing teams of new decisions learn about themselves and their Rutgers University students.The students respond and are friends and the choices that they both Enrollment:33,416 given additional information following make.Participants discover that no two cir- Public,Four Year Institution each question.Questions have to do with cumstances are the same for all individu- Richard L. Powell,M.P.A. substance abuse,the campus drug and als.The game does not advocate what is Coordinator Alcohol and Other Drug Education Program alcohol policy,relationships,and campus good or bad,or right or wrong; rather,it for Training (ADEPT) and community resources.This format examines the consequences that can Published in 1996 Sourcebook was adapted from a program developed occur when individuals make personal by Texas A&M University. choices.The first version of this game was Objectives: created as a joint venture between a com- The Bully Choices Quizshows occur during •To increase student knowledge about munication class and the Department of halftime of selected home basketball alcohol facts Health Education.This simulation game is games.During the semester,alcohol facts •To heighten awareness of alcohol issues designed to personalize the information in are printed in the student newspaper and and consequences related to their order to heighten participants’awareness are aired on the campus radio station. For alcohol use regarding their behaviors.“Imagine That!” example,“45% of MSU students say they •To assist students in exploring choices builds on the understanding that more prefer NOT to have alcohol available at par- involving alcohol use encountered in than information about alcohol use is ties”and “33% of MSU students reported typical social settings needed to affect behavior. driving while impaired by alcohol and/or Description: drugs during the previous year”! During A game format promotes information and the basketball games,three students are insight about alcohol and its consequences selected from the crowd at random and in a creative and interactive manner.This escorted to the floor where the MC asks a is a stand alone event that may also may question from the recently published facts. be incorporated into other activities. The first student to press the buzzer and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 196 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Holistic Health Extravaganza Dundalk Community College

Contacts: Description: (the college states that it does not endorse Dundalk Community College A collaborative group of staff,faculty and or accept responsibility for the practices Enrollment:3,444 Public,Two Year Institution students,in an effort to institutionalize the presented in the events).The goal of this campus prevention effort,and to highlight interactive health fair is to create a proac- David Agger,L.C.S.W.C. Assistant Professor the themes of health promotion and tive learning environment and to provide Kathy Szymanski,M.A. wellness,offered a “Holistic Health new,diverse and alternative information Director Extravaganza.”This is a day-long event and resources that promote the health of Substance Abuse Prevention and offered annually with information,samples members of the college community. Assistance and live demonstrations.The event is Published in 1996 Sourcebook Activities include acupuncture,aroma- held during the week of the spring/vernal therapy,astrology,chiropractic therapy, equinox,which signals nature’s renewal Objectives: dance therapy,homeopathy,massage in the Northern Hemisphere and a time •To make health promotion and wellness therapy,reflexology,wellness and yoga. of new beginnings and fresh growth.It explicit in activities and messages Faculty members are encouraged to infuse offers the members of the community the •To institutionalize the college’s substance a wellness module in their courses,as an opportunity to explore alternative choices abuse prevention effort extra credit activity or as a written or promoting their own health and wellness oral assignment.

Informational Austin Peay State University Publications Kansas State University

Contacts: •To promote students who choose not to Some faculty members use the newsletter Austin Peay State University use alcohol and drugs as the predominant information in their classrooms and/or Enrollment:7,440 Public,Four Year Institution student constituency for departmental publications or flyers. •To increase faculty and staff sensitivity to Students regularly inquire about informa- Diane Berty Director,LifeChoices and awareness of drug and drug and tion seen in the newsletter. Published in 1996 Sourcebook alcohol issues Austin Peay State University uses several Kansas State University approaches to communicate student drug Enrollment:20,664 Description: Public,Four Year Institution A newsl e t te r ,“Higher Edu c ati o n ”,is prod u ce d and alcohol use data and information.This includes small ads in the campus paper Bill Arck,M.S. th r ee times a year for distribution to Kan s a s Director,Education Service Sta te Uni ve r s i t y students ,fa c u l t y and staff to such as “Take the time to care for yourself Published in 1996 Sourcebook en s u r e that basic alcohol and drug inform at i o n and your friends...celebrate a Safe Spring is communicated.The office staff compiles Break.”Another ad states,“Remember the Objectives: the latest facts,statistics and resources per- 3Rs:Respect for self;Respect for others; •To communicate information on taining to that topic,with pertinent infor- Responsibility for all your actions.Have a alcohol and drugs mation from professors,research offices or Safe Break!” departments on campus.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 197 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Living With a Buzz Millersville University

Contact: correct terminology,and the importance of point that sometimes alcohol is added to Millersville University keeping the discussion confidential. soft drinks without people knowing it. Enrollment:7,510 Discussion focuses on issues of trusting Public,Four Year Institution The second part is an ice breaker entitled others and being inquisitive in party situa- Sara Lindsley,M.S. “Human Continuum”with signs reading tions.Pressures the contestants feel from Director “agree”or “disagree”placed at opposite Wellness and Community Service the group cheering,personal pride in win- ends of a wall. Different statements written Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook ning the race,and the reasons why contest- on index cards are passed out to the stu- ants continue to participate are discussed. Objectives: dents.One at a time,each student reads the statement and then stands along the The fourth aspect of the program •To create awareness about alcohol and continuum to reflect the degree of his/her emphasizes social pressures on a more related issues,including physical and agreement with the statement.Discussion personal level.Each participant writes emotional perspectives is facilitated by questions,such as “Why did down a situation concerning drugs or alco- •To discuss issues,attitudes,and social you choose that position?” hol in which he/she felt social pressures to pressures that contribute to students’ do something.Each is asked to record what choices about substances The third part of the activity is the “social he/she did and why he/she chose that •To identify dynamics associated with pressure”exercise,in which two volunteers action.The written responses are collected, being a group member or an individual have a “chugging race.”An already opened mixed up,and redistributed.Each person bottle of soda is poured into two glasses; reads the situation aloud and gives his/her Description: the winner is the first one to finish the Developed by students in the Peer Health opinion as to why the person did the thing drink,with the overall winner winning the Education Program,this program is he/she did,and the social pressures that best out of three races.The winner then designed to be used with any member of were applied,suggests another way of challenges another member of the group the student population.The strategy,which dealing with the pressure,and offers an to the race;this can continue for four has five distinct parts,begins with an alternative behavior.The purpose of the rounds.Throughout the process no one is explanation of the purpose of the program, exercise is to look at social pressure,why told what they are drinking and no expla- which is to discuss issues concerning atti- it occurs,and alternative ways of dealing nation is given before the exercise is over. tudes,and social pressures.The ground with those pressures. rules for the 60-minute program are Discussion following this exercise focuses An evaluation documents the value of this also explained.These include the right on whether the contestants are aware of program.Students overall rate the program to pass,the value of all questions,the what they are drinking and whether they high and find it both fun and informative. non-allowance of put-downs,the use of ask what it is.The discussion makes the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 198 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S College of Saint Benedict Lollanobooza University of Illinois at Chicago

Contacts: a question/answer booth stationed next to At the Uni ve r s i t y of Illinois at Chi ca g o ,st u d e n t College of Saint Benedict a crashed car,and the Take-a-Shot Program committee members are recruited from Enrollment:1,897 Private,Four Year Institution where students compete against players the summer orientation program. from the university’s basketball team.Also Lu Ann Reif, R.N.,M.P.H. To market the event,the University of offered is the Alternacarnival which pro- Health Educator Illinois at Chicago uses banners in the stu- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook vides music,entertainment,prizes,and dent unions,newspaper ads,leaflet flyers, activities such as a Velcro Obstacle Course,a University of Illinois at Chicago e-mail reminders,electronic sign messages, Enrollment:25,559 human sling shot bungee race,an aerobic and vocal promotion.The university also Public,Four Year Institution exercise demonstration,and a giant twister has a logo that displays a cartoon character Julie Koenigsberger game.Educational programs,with discus- Director of the Wellness Center throughout its advertising.In addition, sions led by trained peer educators,include Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook temporary tattoos displaying the cartoon “The Reality of Date Rape”and “How to Cure mascot character are handed out at events a Hangover and Other True Brew Facts.” Objectives: and promotional booths.Marketing at the •To promote healthy lifestyle choices At the College of St.Benedict,the program College of St.Benedict includes flyers,table among students is designed to expose first-year students tents,newspaper promotions,closed-circuit •To promote awareness of healthy to social life without alcohol before they television ads,and posters. alternatives to drinking become introduced to campus events The evaluation of the events is very •To raise the awareness of students with heavy alcohol consumption.The positive.Administrative support is high about the use of drugs and alcohol Lollanobooza events are held over several at the College of St.Benedict where a days during the early part of the fall aca- change in campus activities resulted from Description: demic term.Activities include presenta- The Lollanobooza Program is a college- Lollanobooza,which replaced a disturbing tions to faculty and staff,discussions with wide program that attempts to modify a annual fall event.The program at the first-year students,a professional juggling campus culture that promotes alcohol.The University of Illinois at Chicago has high team,a country-western event,karaoke,a event offers a variety of fun alcohol-free attendance with active student interest in professional cultural event,a sand volley activities held over several days.Its name, the event.Over the past several years, ball tournament,a barbecue,a scavenger Lollanobooza,is based on the annual increases have been observed in atten- hunt,and a walk/run/roll. alternative concert tour,Lollapalooza. dance at programs and participation by Planning for each of these Lollanobooza student organizations. At the University of Illinois at Chicago, events is conducted by committees week-long programming is offered and comprising staff,faculty,and students.At marketed to students campus-wide.The the College of St.Benedict,primary leader- positive educational and fun events include ship comes from the health advocate.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 199 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Baltimore City Community College Mocktails Villanova University

Contacts: •To increase student awareness and under- day during each of these occasions so that Baltimore City Community College standing of alcohol and related issues they are available to both day and evening Enrollment:6,806 Public,Two Year Institution students.Located near the campus Health Description: and Wellness Center,the mocktail table is Scharmaine Robinson,RN Providing alcohol-free beverages is a part Coordinator staffed by student workers,who also pro- of many campus programs,and is also a Health Services vide information on alcohol-related topics. Published in 1996 Sourcebook stand-alone activity.The Health and Villanova University offers mocktails at Villanova University Wellness Center of Baltimore City Enrollment:10,735 Community College provides mocktails events co-sponsored by the Campus Private,Four Year Institution during events/weeks that focus on alcohol Activities Team during Merry Christmas Janice Janosik,M.S. awareness:National Alcohol Awareness Villanova Week.With the theme of “Toast Director Month,National Collegiate Alcohol The Holidays Safely,”the Center provides Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance Awareness Week,and the weeks prior to free mocktails and snacks during a two-day Published in 1996 Sourcebook school closing for winter and spring breaks. Christmas Bazaar which is heavily attended Mocktails are offered for four hours a by students,faculty and staff.Free coasters Objectives: and key chains are also distributed,as is •To enhance students’awareness of having information about drinking and driving. fun without the use of alcohol

Natural Highs Carroll Community College

Contact: Description: and solicited support from the local Carroll Community College In a college course entitled Achieving hospital,a mental health center,Mothers Enrollment:2,501 Public,Two Year Institution Academic Success,students are given sev- Against Drunk Driving,and the college eral options for an outside project.One Wellness Center.Vince and Larry,the “crash Sherry Glass,M.S. Director option is to work on planning for the dummies,”also made an appearance. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Alcohol and Drug Awareness Week. The activity was held in the center of the Students who chose this option decided campus and had excellent visibility.Health upon the “Natural Highs”theme and Objectives: and physical education instructors were •To reward students for their creativity, devised activities to remind their class- inv i t ed to bring their classes to the progra m . ingenuity,and success in organizing a mates how to reach this natural state.The At the event,the game tables were always college-wide activity students purchased approximately $80 busy.Faculty members challenged students •To broaden membership in alcohol- worth of games they remembered playing to play some of the games.The students awareness activities as children:Lego,Silly Putty,Scrabble, received positive reinforcement from their •To provide students with information Candy Land,Checkers,and others.Seventy- pee r s ,and the instruc tors wer e pleased with about how to have fun safely five pumpkins were also donated for a their completed project.Faculty members pumpkin-decorating contest.Further,the continue to offer this as a permanent students arranged for information tables option for future classes.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 200 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Natural Highs Day Dickinson College

Contact: Description: Natural Highs Day is a free,carnival event Dickinson College The Natural Highs Day event sponsored by with human challenge games as well as Enrollment:1,840 the BACCHUS chapter targets the entire traditional carnival activities.It is held on Private,Four Year Institution campus community.While the main partic- one of the main residential quads,an area Mary Spellman ipants are students,many faculty and staff through which most students walk on their Director bring their families to show support and way to the academic buildings,the union, Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook participate.The purpose of the day is to the cafeteria,and the sports complex. pro m o t e pos i t i v e lifes t yle choices and provi d e Advertising consists of posters,table tents, Objectives: information regarding the wealth of fun t- s h i rt s ,campus radio spot s ,and news p a pe r and exciting substance free options.The ads.Food and alcohol-free beverages are •To increase name recognition of the co- s p onsorship of the Spri n g fest com m i t te e provided.There is no formal “educational campus’BACCHUS chapter and the Greek Councils has increased par- se s s i o n ”du r ing the even t but inform a tion and •To promote responsible decision making ti c i p a tion and awar eness in the student body. fl y ers and educational displays are provi d e d . regarding the use of substances in social life

New Drug Awareness Seminars Casper College

Contact: Description: provide in-depth information on a wide Casper College The Drug Awareness Seminars are a variety of topics.Attendees are students, Enrollment:3,767 Public,Two Year Institution series of presentations on various problems faculty,and staff of the college.The event is as s oc i a ted with alcohol and drugs in soci e t y. also open to the surrounding community at Don Benson, D.Psy. Director of Counseling Recognizing that alcohol and drugs have no cos t .Fac u l t y members encou r age students Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook an impact on the lives of many people, to att end by providing class credit for paper s experts and helping professionals from on selected topics.Further,continuing edu- Objectives: numerous specialties contribute to the cation credits are offered by the state to • To provide inform a tion about how peo p l e ’s se m i n a r s .Topics include res i l i e n c e of survi vo r s teachers and mental health professionals. lives are affected by alcohol and drugs of alcoholic families; women and addiction; Seminars are promoted through press •To help students make informed choices addictions and war veterans;strategies for releases and articles in the newspapers. about their own substance use building resiliency in children; Alcoholics Public service announcements and inter- •To provide resources for identifying Ano ny m o u s ; and drug s ,al c ohol and preg n a n c y. views are carried on local radio and televi- an alcohol/drug problem and referral An annual spring event offered throughout sion.The seminars are well received, resources to deal with these problems the day and evening for three consecutive according to evaluations,the number of days,these 90-minute presentations attendees,and the number of professionals volunteering their time.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 201 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S New Opportunities for Role Models Wesleyan University

Contact: Description: as the basis for questions about drugs and Wesleyan University The NORM (New Opportunities for Role alcohol on campus.Also included are ques- Enrollment:2,905 Private,Four Year Institution Models) targets first-year students to make tions about the location of offices,student them aware of the difference between what services,and related resources.Prizes for Lynn DeRobertis Program Coordinator they perceive the university’s social life to correct answers are donated by local mer- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook be and what it actually is.During orienta- chants and include gift certificates,t-shirts, tion week,first-year students arrive and writing pads,and round trip airline tickets. Objectives: settle into their living areas.The audience is The winning team receives a pizza party •To correct misperceptions about student divided into teams based on living areas. with donated pizzas. drinking behaviors The program is a game called Wes Squares, This popular event has students striving to •To acquaint students with role models, which is an adaptation of the Hollywood get the right answer,more because of the staff,location of campus services and Squares game.The theater department spirit of competition than because of the alcohol-free social activities prepares a three-tier stand to accommo- prizes.Returning students want to become •To present the campus health education date the “nine squares”on stage.These one of the “Wes Squares,”as it is an honor program as a positive proactive program “squares”are upperclass students chosen as to serve in this role.In addition,campus positive role models.Positive statistics from departments ask to have questions about the campus drug/alcohol survey are used their offices included in the program.

Newspaper Advertisements University of Florida

Contact: this awareness approach reaches nearly st u d e n t high traffic area to answer questions University of Florida every student for the entire semester. regarding alcohol,relationships and the Enrollment:38,277 Public,Four Year Institution Humor is central to this process as it pro- purpose of the ads. motes interest in following the story and Liz Broughton, Ed.D. A pair of comments in the series begins provides ice breakers for ongoing discus- Assistant Professor with Val saying:“Mark,thank you for a lib- Published in 1996 Sourcebook sions.The ads are placed in the “Con- erating experience,I felt like a child again nections”section,which is similar to running through the grass at the nudist “personals”of the student newspaper at a Objectives: colony.Where were you after Wednesday’s •To raise awareness of alcohol issues in an cost of approximately $300 per semester. Luau? Val.”The response from Mark was: entertaining and creative way To elicit interest,ads are more frequent and “Val,Wednesday? It’s Wednesday already?! •To increase student/peer discussion about more eccentric at the beginning of the The last thing I remember is break dancing alcohol issues semester and are usually run on Tuesday, at the Luau and I woke up this morning in Wednesday and Thursday each week.The Daytona.Luckily,I had my roller blades and Description: planners scheduled a “Meet Mark and Val” The “Mark and Val Saga”is a series of ads was able to make it back for class.Mark.” pr ogr am in which the two student assistants that depict characters and situations that who devel o p ed the proj e c t sit at a table in a are surreal,much like daily “soap operas”;

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 202 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Notre Dame Social Life University of Notre Dame

Contact: Description: com p l e t e port r ayal of univer s i t y life,pre s s u re s , University of Notre Dame Trying to find a prevention tool to fit the friends,fitting in and alcohol use/abuse. Enrollment:11,123 Private,Four Year Institution uniqueness of the campus and its student Although the video is designed for fres h m e n , body,the Office of Alcohol and Drug Gina Kigar,M.A. it is used in res i d e n c e halls with all students Coordinator,Office of Alcohol and Education determined a videotape was the to begin small group discussions on alcohol Drug Education best tool . The videotape,which was produ ce d use.Led by peer educators trained in group Published in 1996 Sourcebook by an on campus video produ c tion com p a n y, facilitation and knowledgeable in alcohol features students,staff and alumni. facts,these discussions emphasize self- Objectives: An advisory committee of students and responsibility and healthy decision making. •To provide factual real life learning staff wrot e the skit ,designed the layout and experiences of student and alcohol use as s i s t ed in the rec ru i t m e n t of students to be • To increase the number of students rea c h e d feat u r ed in this produ c t.A realistic approa c h th r ough alcohol abuse preven tion messages is used with attention to an accurate and

Eastern Michigan University Hastings College Orientation Programs University of Portland

Contacts: Objectives: Hastings College offers “Olympics of the Eastern Michigan University •To make each new student aware of the Mind,Body and Soul,” geared towar d dis- Enrollment:23,777 Public,Four Year Institution norms for alcohol use on the campus pelling the myth of the “im a g i n a r y pee r ”wh o •To promote student responsibility for abuses alcohol and is generally irres po n s i b l e . Mary Jo Desprez,M.A. Coordinator,Health Education behavior and resulting consequences The week of social and educational acti v i t i e s Published in 1996 Sourcebook includes a carnival-type da y and cel e b r ates Hastings College Description: the joys of chemical - f re e fun.The Olympics Enrollment:1,882 Eastern Michigan University offers “First counteracts the image of college as a time Private,Four Year Institution Year:Decisions for Life.”an inte ra ct i ve two- to“push risk-taking to the limits.” Judy Sandeen,RN ho u r pr ogr am deals with issues and situati o n s Director,Campus Health Services “Alcohol 101: Drinking at U.P.”is part of the students face during their first semester. Published in 1996 Sourcebook University of Portland’s effort of providing These include drug/alcohol use,sexual University of Portland accurate information alcohol use,non-use, activity,communication,and acquaintance Enrollment:2,600 values,history and goals.The two-hour rape.Staff and peer ed u c ators pres e n t Private,Four Year Institution evening session presents a videotape,a in fo rm a tion and facilitate au d i e n c e parti c i - Bill Zuelke, M.S. dramatic sociogram of student alcohol use, Counselor,Alcohol and Drug Prevention pa tion to emphasize students ’res po n s i b i l i t i e s . and group discussions about alcohol use Published in 1996 Sourcebook and alternative behavior.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 203 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Parent Letter Augsburg College

Contacts: Description: The letter is sent to parents of incoming Augsburg College The Center for Counseling and Health students who report that they live with Enrollment:2,958 Private,Four Year Institution Promotion staff believes that it is impor- their parents.The letter discusses the tant to address the issue of alcohol use comprehensive health promotion program Casey McGuire Health Educator prior to the arrival of first-year students at and encourages parents to discuss alcohol Lisa Broek,M.A. the college.The staff also wants parents use and safety issues with their son or Health Education Coordinator and students to know that the campus has daughter.It also encourages parents to Published in 1996 Sourcebook a prevention program and hopes that the examine alcohol use in the context of letter will promote a dialogue about healthy choices. Objectives: healthy choices between parents and The letter sent,under the signature of •To address alcohol use norms prior to new incoming students. the health education coordinator,to a students’arrival at college The development of the letter is a collabo- parent with a daughter adds:“Please •To promote discussions on alcohol use rative approach among several campus join us as partners in addressing your between parents and their son/daughter offices.The Admissions staff provides par- daughter’s choices during her college ents’names and addresses and prints each career.The decisions she makes as early letter and the Center for Counseling and as her first year can expand or limit Health Promotion pays for the postage. future opportunities.”

Perception Survey Marshall University

Contact: Description: of students do you think got drunk last Marshall University The Perception Survey is a weekly tele- Thursday night?”“Did you drink last Enrollment:12,659 Public,Four Year Institution phone survey,conducted for six weeks Thursday night?”and “Did you get drunk each semester,to determine students’ last Thursday night?” Carla Lapelle,M.A. perceptions of others’drinking behavior. Coordinator The results are printed in the student Student Health Education Programs The Office of Student Health Education newspaper to allow students the oppor- Published in 1996 Sourcebook Programs polls students about their tunity to note discrepancies between what Thursday night alcohol use and what they they believe is normal behavior and what Objectives: think most students do.Students selected normal behavior actually is.The hope is •To determine students’perceptions of for the polling are taken from a list of stu- that students will change their own behav- drinking behavior and compare them dents’phone numbers,without student iors to fit the actual normal behavior on with actual drinking behavior names,from the University Computer the campus. •To educate students about discrepancies Center.One hundred students are con- between what they believe occurs and tacted weekly for six weeks.Four questions Feedback from students suggests that what actually occurs are asked during the survey:“What percent there is an awareness of the discrepancies of students do you believe went out to noted in the printed results. drink last Thursday night?”“What percent

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 204 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Muhlenberg College Stanly Community College Pledge Program University of Portland

Contacts: Description: and agrees not to participate in activities Muhlenberg College Implementation of a voluntary pledge often perceived to be associated with col- Enrollment:1,714 Private,Four Year Institution campaign is offered as a stand alone lege drinking (drinking games,speed or activity or as part of an awareness week. competitive drinking,drinking solely to Corrine E.Lamack Counselor At the University of Portland,the “Pledge” get drunk and “pre-function”drinking). Counseling and Development emphasizes teaching about responsible use Muhlenberg College sponsors competition Published in 1996 Sourcebook of alcohol and attempts to increase aware- among members of different athletic Stanly Community College ness of actual campus norms.Muhlenberg teams to see which team can sign up the Enrollment:1,645 College incorporates a Pledge Program as Public,Two Year Institution most pledges with a prize awarded to the part of its “Choice Week,”and Stanly Karen Yerby winning team.In Muhlenberg’s program, Community College conducts this before Director approximately 10% of the students agreed the winter break. Orientation and Student Services Support to remain alcohol free for the weekend. Published in 1996 Sourcebook At Muhlenberg College,students,faculty At the University of Portland,hundreds University of Portland and staff pledge to remain alcohol free for of individuals signed the pledge and it Enrollment:2,600 Private,Four Year Institution a weekend and demonstrate their support was considered one of the top four by purchasing a pledge button for two stories of the academic year by the Bill Zuelke, M.S. Coordinator,Prevention Specialist dollars and signing a banner,which reads, student newspaper. Published in 1996 Sourcebook “I Made The Choice! Can You?”At the Party Smart incorporates several segments University of Portland,all faculty,staff and into its implementation.Students,faculty students are invited to participate in the Objectives: and staff sign pledges from a pledge tree; •To support responsible users and non- Pledge through a mailing,and those who these pledges are shaped like Christmas users of alcohol accept receive a pledge pin as a thank-you ornaments,which are then hung on the •To generate conversation about alcohol gift.Both institutions list the names of Christmas tree in the cafeteria.A drunk- use on campus those who make pledges in the campus driving scene is portrayed on the road •To increase awareness among students newspaper. leading to the college:wrecked cars,a about alcohol abuse The University of Portland’s pledge is taken hearse,tombstones,and banners warning by individuals who agree to be responsible about drinking and driving are visible in their use of alcohol,acknowledge non- to passersby.Members of the police use as one responsible choice and agree to department conduct sessions on drinking remain alcohol free if they are operating a and driving,and alcohol-free beverages, motor vehicle,or are pregnant or taking recipes and other information are provided. medication.Further,the person signing the In addition,faculty members incorporate pledge acknowledges societal norms as these messages into their courses. their guideline for responsible alcohol use

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 205 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S The Ohio State University Posters University of San Francisco

Contacts: Role Model,”campaign,the “This is College, broadcast statistics from the Core Survey The Ohio State University Be Yourself,”and “USF Core Statistics.” administered on the campus. Enrollment:49,542 Public,Four Year Institution In the Mr.Jones campaign,one of the AtThe Ohio State University,posters are Jacque Daley-Perrin,M.Ed. headings cites Mr.Jones as being “glad created to reach as many students as pos- Director he has more than just `drinking heavily’to sible.The posters are visually exciting with Student Wellness Center list under `extra-curricular activities’as he student-focused messages,and with Published in 1996 Sourcebook types up his resume.”Another heading immediate applications to their lives. University of San Francisco Enrollment:8,407 says,“After looking back on a year of These posters use real images to make Private,Four Year Institution mindless drinking and needless hangovers, important points about alcohol abuse in Linda A. Pratt Mr.Jones looks to the new year to discover a way that does not further negative Coordinator a more progressive college social scene,one stereotypes and misperceptions. Substance Abuse Prevention Program with less drinking.”The Student Role Model Published in 1996 Sourcebook The organizers of this project are the stu- campaign publishes names and photo- dent wellness center and other campus graphs of and background information on groups.Subgroups within the university Objectives: individuals on the campus,area of their •To reach a large,diverse student are targeted and input is solicited from academic emphasis,and whether or not population through realistic media groups and organizations.These weekly they consume alcohol.Incorporated in the •To provide visual representations of the posters feature negative effects of alcohol, ads are statistics from the campus.In an ad effects of alcohol abuse alcohol and unsafe sex,and alcohol and on one individual who drinks occasionally, •To change the accepted norms of behav- misconduct.One has a picture of two stu- it states that she is “part of the 50% of USF ior by supporting positive behaviors dents with their heads over toilets and the students who practice such low-risk drink- caption reads,“Is that what you mean by ing behavior”;this ad concludes by stating Description: hanging out with your friends”? Another that“It’s an easy art to master.” Beginning with the creation of a name has an individual taking care of someone and logo,the University of San Francisco For the “This is College,BeYourself” else who has passed out.Posters are deliv- uses a social marketing approach project campaign,one poster says,“The only way ered throughout the campus each week to achieve the above-stated goals.The you’re going to make friends when you and distribution is as widespread as possi- “Progressive Party”publishes a quarter- get to college is to go to parties every night ble,with placement in residence halls, page ad each week in the student and drink as much as you can.GIVE ME A classroom buildings,businesses,and newspaper.This project includes of four BREAK! This is college,be yourself.”The USF community organizations. different marketing campaigns entitled: Core Statistics campaign uses artwork to the “Mr.Jones,”campaign,the “Student

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 206 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Aims Community College Bryant College Safe Driving Campaigns Castleton State College Chowan College

Contacts: Objectives: 25 volunteers for this effort are survivors of Aims Community College •To increase awareness about the hazards alcohol-related crashes and representatives Enrollment:6,970 Public,Two Year Institution of drinking and driving from the district attorney’s office,a regional •To motivate students to prevent problem- insurance agency and recovery centers. Ron Fay,M.A. atic negative consequences of drinking Director At Chowan College,the residence hall coun- Student Life during Spring Break and other times of cil of a freshman hall volunteered to assist Published in 1996 Sourcebook the year in setting up a mock car crash.The local Bryant College Enrollment:3,748 Description: fire chief’s assistance was solicited,and he Private,Four Year Institution Safe Driving Campaigns prepare students contacted the police department and res- Doris Helmich,M.Ed. for the academic recess when they often cue squad and obtained two junked cars. Health Educator drive long distances.Bryant College spon- The residence hall council set up the time, Published in 1996 Sourcebook sors four days of events before the break. date and place,and scheduled the “acci- Castleton State College Included are informational tables,with dent”to occur around dinnertime to attract Enrollment:2,028 the students’attention as they walked from Public,Four Year Institution resources about speed limits and DUI laws in each state traversed en route to Florida, the cafeteria.Several volunteers dressed in Julia Burke black and painted their faces white to rep- Director blood alcohol concentration (BAC) charts Office of AOD Education and a contract promising to drive sober. resent crash victims.They wore fake blood Published in 1996 Sourcebook Speakers,mocktails,door prizes and a mock and placed themselves in the cars and on Chowan College car crash are also part of the campaign. the pavement beside the cars. Enrollment:816 Private,Four Year Institution The mock car crash incorporates the “jaws Castleton State College offers a “Lights On For Life Day”which encourages all Linda Tripp of life,”and is timed to occur while a fire Director drill is in progress so that all students in motorists to drive with their vehicle head- Counseling and Career Development class witness the event.Police and fire per- lights on during the day,as a memorial Published in 1996 Sourcebook sonnel respond as they would for an actual for the victims of impaired driving and a car crash and observers are handed BAC reminder of the dangers of drunk and charts as they return to class. drugged driving.Using materials from the National Highway Traffic Safety Aims Community College sponsors a week- Administration,the campus organization long event in the winter term to address SHADE (Safe Healthy Adult Decision the hazards of drinking and driving,alco- Educators) sponsors this event to remind hol’s involvement with domestic violence, campus members about the importance of family and friends and the legal conse- respecting standards regarding impaired quences of drinking.The effort begins with driving and also that law enforcement is a reenactment of a drunk-driving collision, watchful of this type of behavior.Campus in which law enforcement personnel, and community officials collaborate to pre- ambulances,paramedics,the Airlife heli- pare joint proclamations to take a stand copter,the fire department and rescue against impaired driving. personnel participate.Among the other

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 207 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Social Marketing Virginia Polytechnic Institute Campaign and State University

Contact: and Dining Programs,University with one gift certificate awarded to each Virginia Polytechnic Institute Counseling Center,and the Women’s Center, roommate. and State University were helpful in providing data and ideas Enrollment:25,492 The “Catch the Wave . ..of Friends Helping for implementing various components Public,Four Year Institution Friends”contest – the campaign’s fourth of the campaign.This team approach of Carolyn Penn,M.Ed. component – encourages students to Director brainstorming and planning helped pledge with a friend to help one another Office of Health Education departments on campus to network Student Health Services prevent and avoid troublesome situations. and coordinate. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Students submit a pledge entry form and The initial portion of the six-part campaign complete a questionnaire.Students who Objectives: is a pamphlet distributed to all faculty. fulfill the contest requirements are placed •To involve students,faculty and staff “Students in Crisis – Guide for Faculty in a drawing for portable CD players. in a “caring”orientation Response”provides suggestions about A three-part banner series,displayed during •To promote healthy alcohol decision how to include alcohol education in the Alcohol Awareness Week,is the fifth making by students courses and tips to help prevent alcohol aspect of this campaign. To question stu- •To reduce the risks of negative misuse and abuse. dents’assumptions about heavy drinking,a consequences from alcohol misuse Second,incoming freshmen students receive new banner is displayed outside the stu- Description: an orientation booklet from the Dean of dent union each week for three weeks.The The alcohol awareness effort is promoted Students Office.This booklet contains a banners read,in order:“What would you say through the campus’Social Marketing one-page advertisement which encourages to a friend who downed six cans of green Campaign.The theme of this campaign – students to“Catch the Wave ...of VA Tech beans in one night?”“What would you say ”Catch the Wave ...of Friends Helping Students Who Choose Not to Drink.”This to a friend who downed six cans of tuna Friends”– serves as the basis for dissemi- advertisement supports and encourages fish in one night?”“Why would you let a nating prevention messages through abstinence from drinking among first-year friend down six cans of beer in one night?” students,which is consistent with the state advertisements,newsletters,posters,and A two-part poster series incorporates data law on underage drinking. other marketing material.Each aspect of from recent national studies.The first poster the campaign is a component of the overall Third,all residence hall students receive addresses the issue of alcohol and grades campus alcohol education and prevention an alcohol emergencies door hanger.This and utilizes results from the Core study.It effort.Target audiences include residence explains how to recognize and respond to challenges students to think about how hall students,staff,and faculty.The Social alcohol emergencies and instructs students their grades are affected by the amount of Marketing Campaign was selected as a what to do in such cases.Students are alcohol they consume.The second poster new approach to campus alcohol education encouraged to intervene when friends are thanks students who have ever had to and prevention because traditional pro- at risk to reduce serious negative conse- “babysit”a drunk friend and challenges grams were poorly attended and viewed quences.A door hanger contest encourages students to consider how their drinking negatively by students. students to post this resource on their door behaviors impact upon their friends. for a chance of winning a $25 gift certifi- Created by staff members of the Office of “Drinking at Virginia Tech,”a colorful cate from a local department store.Several Health Education of University Student pamphlet designed with life protecting times each semester,staff members and Health Services,the campaign underwent information,is the final component.The peer educators identify doors that have the design,development,pretesting,and revi- pamphlet describes stages of drinking, door hanger posted.The room occupants sion.Other campus departments,such as a drinking-on-campus assessment,and are then entered into a drawing for prizes the Dean of Students Office,Residential prevention tips.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 208 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S The University of Maryland Spring Party Challenge in College Park

Contact: fraternities and sororities,clubs,sports l ocations of on-campus and off-ca m p u s The University of Maryland teams,or groups of friends.Each group p a rty facilities,s o u rces of food, re c i pes fo r in College Park Enrollment:31,500 identifies a “party planner”who registers n o n - a l coholic dri n k s,and re l ated inform a - Public,Four Year Institution the party and attends a required party- t i o n .Items on the party-planning checkl i s t Jody Gan,M.P.H. planning workshop.The party-planning a re a ca l e n d a r,f a c i l i ty / l ocat i o n ,b u d g e t, Coordinator workshop is run by peer educators who s t a f f i n g / s a fe ty, food / beve ra g e,e nte rt a i n- Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention explain the rules of the competition. The m e nt / s e t t i n g,m a rke t i n g / p ro m o t i o n , Programs workshop content also includes tips for t ra n s po rt at i o n ,and clean-up/afte rm at h . Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook having a successful party and information Parties are evaluated based on standard- about problems associated with alcohol Objectives: ized scoring criteria,which include use on campus. •To promote alcohol-free events for attendance,theme,entertainment and students Marketing for the event includes sending activities,refreshments,and guests’level •To increase students’skills in planning flyers to all campus resident assistants of enjoyment.The party with the highest parties and resident directors,all students who score wins a cash prize of $300. Honorable •To demonstrate to students that they live in substance-free housing,and repre- mentions of $100 are also awarded.All can have a good time without alcohol sentatives of each of the 300 student groups who register are sent a letter organizations.Advertisements are also commending their participation. Description: placed in the campus newspaper. Each year the University Health Center This activity is well received on campus, sponsors the “Spring Party Challenge”for An inform a tion packet is made available with many student groups indicating their the best alcohol-free party held on campus at the party-planning wo rk s h o p.It continued support for the contest.The or off campus.The contest is open to any co ntains an ent ry fo rm ,p a rty ideas,a evaluations of the party-planning work- group of registered students – including p a rty-planning checkl i s t,s o u rces of shop are quite positive. campus organizations,resident hall floors, obtaining deco rations and party favo r s,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 209 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Perception California State University, Long Beach Campaigns University of Iowa

Contacts: about students and their choices.It is The University of Iowa has a media cam- California State University, based on research that suggests that stu- paign designed to challenge and correct Long Beach Enrollment:27,304 dents make many of their choices based on student misperceptions of their peers’ Public,Four Year Institution what they perceive as valued by other stu- alcohol use.Every two weeks a new series Shifra Teitelbaumm,M.A. dents,and on what is popular and what is of media strategies is implemented,includ- Director not popular.Through a range of creative ing ads in the campus newspaper,bulletin CSULB Student Health Center venues,the Accuracy Campaign challenges board packets,print materials,electronic Published in 1996 Sourcebook students’assumptions,initiates provocative messages at athletic events,table tents and University of Iowa discussions in a non-judgmental and non- posters.Other campus programming on Enrollment:27,671 Public,Four Year Institution threatening way,and highlights for the drugs and alcohol is monitored carefully to campus community the large number of ensure that messages that are contrary to Pat Ketcham, Ed.M. Coordinator students making healthy choices. the project (i.e.,messages that“everyone is doing it”) are not unwittingly sent. Celine Hartwig The Accuracy Campaign is an ongoing pro- Coordinator gram;each semester new student interns This project involves a carefully controlled Residence Hall Education/Cultural Programming are recruited to generate and implement research component with the selection of Cathy Barnett, M.S. new and creative strategies.Centered certain residence halls as the target popu- Health Educator around diverse events,the campaign lations and the remaining serving as the Published in 1996 Sourcebook incorporates contests in classes and new control group.A pre-test is implemented in student orientation,at information tables, the fall to identify attitudes,behaviors and Objectives: and with the campus radio station.In addi- perceptions regarding student alcohol use •To provide accurate information and tion,faculty members are enlisted to par- and a post-test is completed at the end of correct misperceptions about student ticipate.They are provided with a script for the academic year.Data derived from the alcohol and drug use the campaign and are asked to take a few survey help to determine the ways in •To decrease students’tolerance of minutes in their classes to have students which a media campaign aimed at correct- disruptive behavior by heavy drinkers guess the statistics and to provide a candy ing students’misperceptions regarding Description: reward for those who provide correct their peers’alcohol use is more effective answers.Sample statistics include:“71% of in the prevention of alcohol abuse than In an effort to supplement the campus pre- CSULB students have never driven under traditional programming efforts.Focus vention efforts,California State University, the influence of alcoh o l ”and “52% of students groups and staff reports suggest that the Long Beach,has implemented the Accuracy only drink alcohol once a month or less.” media campaign has been seen by most Campaign which addresses student mis- students and that they feel it is on target perceptions and provides the good news and appropriate.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 210 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student to Student Guide Boston College

Contact: new students,was created in response to Council members determined the answers Boston College requests by students and to information by interviewing members of the university Enrollment:14,695 Private,Four Year Institution gathered from the survey of incoming community,including university police, students,which indicated that a large judicial affairs officers,and university hous- Kimberly Timpf, M.Ed. Assistant Dean number of students were non-drinkers and ing officials.Once the information was Alcohol and Drug Education that many did not focus their socializing compiled,the students and an advisor to Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook around alcohol. the council met with marketing personnel to design the booklet.Funding for produc- To prepare the booklet,five members of Objectives: tion of the booklet was provided by the the council researched information by cate- •To provide information about alcohol-free student government. gory.Information on an activity provides a activities in the community surrounding description,location,telephone number, Copies of the booklet are distributed to the campus hours of operation,directions by public every freshman within the first three •To address questions students have transportation,and approximate price weeks of classes.The council members go regarding campus policies and procedures range where applicable.Major topic areas from room to room in each freshman resi- Description: in the booklet are:Desserts and Coffee dence hall and personally explain the phi- Students in the Alcohol and Drug Issues Houses,Other Fun Places to Eat,Movies losophy and purpose of the council and the Council of the Undergraduate Government and Dinner,Music and Dancing, reasons for publication of the resource. of the College developed a publication Comedy/Theater,Ongoing Performances, Response to the publication has been entitled “Student to Student:A Guide to Day Trips,Museums,On-Campus Activities, very positive.Students have become Good Times at Boston College.”The pur- Outdoor Adventures,Sports, familiar with the council’s activities, pose of the council is to create alternatives Shopping/Malls,Points of Interest, resulting in applications for positions to alcohol-focused socializing,challenge Performance Centers,and Historical on the council.Popularity of the programs existing perceived norms of drinking by Landmarks/Sightseeing. and events sponsored by the council has student leaders,and provide resources for In addition, council members responded to also increased. students on university policies and proce- questions frequently asked by students dures regarding alcohol abuse.The council’s regarding the campus alcohol policy. resource publication,designed to assist

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 211 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S College of William and Mary Weekly Advertisements University of Arizona

Contacts: to address these domains is an extensive Alcohol Concentration charts (one for men, College of William and Mary media campaign. one for women),community resources, Enrollment:7,547 campus and state laws involving alcohol, Public,Four Year Institution Common student misperceptions and and an item on the power to make Mary K. Crozier,Ed.S. healthy student norms are presented via personal choices. Substance Abuse Educator two display ads each week in the student Published in 1996 Sourcebook newspaper,newspaper inserts,newsletters, At the College of William and Mary,weekly University of Arizona flyers distributed to student groups and flyers are distributed to increase campus Enrollment:35,306 Public,Four Year Institution posters in the residence halls during awareness and to address many of the awareness weeks.Information gathered myths that surround alcohol issues.The Koreen Johannessen,M.S.W. Director from the annual Core Survey and a Health “What do you think now?”series of flyers Health Promotion and Prevention Services Enhancement Survey about students’ incorporates quotes from students.A flyer Published in 1996 Sourcebook perceptions regarding their peers’use of entitled “So you think you can’t refuse a alcohol guides the media campaigns and drink?”carries responses such as,“I say,`no Objectives: the content of presentations.In addition, I don’t drink beer ‘cause it doesn’t agree •To address common student several focus groups are conducted each with me’”or “I say,`sorry,I’m not really misperceptions month to assess the effectiveness of the interested.’”“So you think getting drunk is •To support healthy student norms media campaign. cool?”has responses such as,“When my through an intensive media campaign friend’s boyfriend becomes drunk he The ad series “Myth/Reality:The Difference •To promote accurate information on always gets real violent”or “A friend of is Reality”depicts photographic artwork student drinking mine drank too much on his birthday and with statements of fact (for example, •To encourage students to reduce risks started passing out in the deli. He made it “65% of U of A students have five or fewer surrounding the use of alcohol,and to to the bathroom,threw-up,and basically drinks when they party,”“U of A students address other health issues doesn’t remember his birthday.”Other are healthy”and “At a BAC of .05 most poster titles are,“So you think alcohol Description: people feel relaxed,light-headed and makes you happy?”“So you think drinking The campus Health Promotion and happy.The more and faster you drink,the alcohol has no consequences?”“So you Prevention Services of the University of less you feel the pleasant,stimulating think you can’t help your friends who drink Arizona uses a variety of approaches to effects and will more rapidly experience too much?”“So you think people learn from address campus drug and alcohol use. the depressant effects”). their past experiences?”“So you think alco- Risk reduction and harm minimization “Alcohol and the Campus,”a newspaper hol will help you meet people?”and “So is emphasized through a focus on three insert,presents charts on alcohol use and you think partying won’t hurt your grades?” domains:individual,peer group and academic performance,a 12-item quiz,an community.One of the main strategies Alcohol IQ,a continuum of use,two Blood

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 212 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Awareness and Information Programs

Alcohol and Drug All-U-Day Tailgate Party Halloween Mini- Awareness Committee Drama Project Penn State Worthington Great Basin College Scranton Campus Mountain Empire Enrollment:3,000 Enrollment:1,325 Community College Public,Two Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Enrollment:2,834 Bernadette Longo,R.N. Mary H. Brown,R.N.C. Public,Two Year Institution Chairperson,Nursing Instructor,Student College Health Nurse Janet Lester,M.A. Development Specialist Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Associate Professor/Counselor Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objectives: Objectives: •To encourage awareness of responsible Objectives: •To help individuals make more driving to and from a football game •To provide an opportunity for collabora- educated choices •To sponsor an alcohol-free tailgate party tion between college and community •To create awareness about and provide prior to a football game leaders information on various aspects of •To communicate to youth the potentially substance use,misuse,and abuse Description: tragic results of drug and alcohol abuse The All-U-Day Tailgate Party targets the Description: entire campus community of students, Description: The focus on campus is on awareness as staff,and faculty.Its aim is to encourage Rather than displaying the usual ghosts the starting point in influencing the culture participants to enjoy themselves without and goblins during Halloween week,the of the campus.Understanding substance drinking.Activities include serving pizza, haunted house,held in the local National abuse and promoting a healthy climate are hoagies,and soda from the tailgate of a Guard Armory and co-sponsored by college stressed,as is information on support sys- truck.Various games are offered with prizes and Community,features free mini-drama tems and treatment.Activities include an given to the winners; for example,throw- entitled “Terror on 13th Street”that illus- awareness week,support groups,displays, ing a hula-hoop around the “Nittany Lion,” trates the tragic consequences that can presentations,library resources,and red Alcohol Trivia Contest,and guessing the result when young people experiment with ribbons.The unique partnership with the total of the numbers on the jerseys of the substances.As the “grim reaper”leads college rodeo club is designed to promote Nittany Lion football team. groups through the 10 scenes,the story health and drug free rodeos. of the tragic death of a teenager unfolds. Students define goals,design the games and shop for prizes for the winners.This Scenes included are street scenes,a court annual event,sponsored by the Health room,a jail with criminals,family con- Club and Student Union Board,receives frontation,mixture of alcohol and pills, positive feedback. an emergency room,a morgue,a funeral scene,an alley,and a graveyard.Students are asked to sign substance-free contracts. Community involvement is essential to the success of this project.Campus personnel, students,civic clubs,the school system, community leaders and volunteers all collaborate on and support this annual substance abuse prevention project.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 213 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Awareness and Information Programs

Health Tips Promise Tree RADAR

McHenry County College Indian River Community College Rosemont College Enrollment:4,933 Enrollment:22,068 Enrollment:758 Public, Two Year Institution Public,Two Year Institution Private, Four Year Institution Linda Brogan,R.N. Patricia Corey,R.N. Virginia LaRossa, Ph.D. Health Promotions Specialist Health and Wellness Coordinator Director of Counseling Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: Objective: Objective: •To provide health tips to students in •To promote responsible choices regarding •To provide opportunities for students to creative ways alcohol discuss drug and alcohol issues Description: Description: Description: Using the Health Observances Calendar as Sponsored by BACCHUS and incorporated This program is held weekly in the fresh- a guide,a DOS program provides health within the campus BACTOBERFEST,this man residence hall and is attended mostly tips for computers.Whenever these activity involves the construction of a by first-year students.Students gather to computers are turned on,a health tip “Promise Tree.”Students and employees watch the popular television show automatically appears.These brief tips give sign their name to a “leaf”representing “Friends”;RADAR (Rosemont Alcohol and information,highlight campus programs, their promise to make responsible choices Drug Awareness Resources) peers remain and address specific health issues unique regarding alcohol.Approximately 250 after the show and provide information to the campus.The message on the main- “promises”from a diverse campus popula- about alcohol and drugs.They also discuss frame is changed every week and is tion are attached to the “Promise Tree.” any drug and alcohol issues touched on by installed on approximately 80% of the Created in the fall,the tree is transformed the television program.Refreshments are student-use computers.As the computers into a winter scene prior to the winter served during the event. are updated constantly,information can be holiday break.The transformation from fall changed readily.The messages are brief to winter represents each individual’s and include a contact name for additional commitment to keep his or her promise information.One example is “April is throughout the season. National Awareness Month.In Illinois last year there were 1,566 fatal automobile accidents,681 of these fatalities were alcohol related.Operating on a grant from the State of Illinois,the McHenry County Sheriff’s Department has dedicated over 140 hours per month to extra DUI patrols.”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 214 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Awareness and Information Programs

Safe Break Kits Series of Campaigns Student Club Poster Contest Saint Mary College University of Redlands Enrollment:592 Enrollment:3,723 Walters State Community College Private, Four Year Institution Private, Four Year Institution Enrollment:5,824 Nancy Longhibler,M.Ed. Doug Everhart, M.A. Public,Two Year Institution Counselor Director Millicent Prince, R.N. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Leadership and Recreation College Nurse Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: •To promote personal responsibility for Objective: Objectives: one’s own choices •To focus attention on specific issues such •To reach more students by adding an Description: as alcohol academic facet to the campus program For the campus’Safe Spring Break Week, Description: •To help students make intelligent decisions about alcohol and drugs BACCHUS members distribute“Safe Break The campus PRIDE (Promoting Responsible Kits”provided by health services,etc. and Informed Decisions through Education) Description: The kits include a pamphlet on first aid, Substance Abuse Prevention Program The Student Club Poster Contest,as part of bandaids,antiseptic wipes,aspirin,and believes that a series of programs over a the overall campus effort,involves many ibuprofen.BACCHUS adds a card describing period of time works more effectively than students.Memos are sent to all clubs and alcohol poisoning and how it should a program that is offered only once.During advisors inviting them to participate in the be handled. the academic year,PRIDE is directly respon- contest.The poster messages must support sible for seven awareness week or month the goals and objectives of alcohol/drug campaigns,when attention is focused on a awareness and prevention.After the specific issue or topic.During these periods, posters have been judged,they are dis- various educational and social programs, played throughout the campus,with first, speakers,contests,and informational and second,and third place winners identified. promotional items are offered.Examples of Each club that participates receives $25. these focused weeks are Alcohol Awareness The first place winner receives $100,and Week,Red Ribbon Week,Drunk and Drug the second and third place winners receive Driving (3D) Prevention Month,Alcohol $75 and $50,respectively. Awareness Month,and Safe Spring Break.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 215 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Awareness and Information Programs

Summer Previews Super Bowl SunDRY

Northern Arizona University Hillsborough Community College Enrollment:20,131 Enrollment:782 Public,Four Year Institution Public,Two Year Institution Virgil Pedro,M.S.W. Claire Jordan Counselor Student Activities Advisor Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: Objectives: •To provide new students and their par- •To influence students’decisions regarding ents with information on alcohol,drugs drinking and driving and related issues •To incorporate a peer-to-peer approach •To promote responsible choices regarding Description: alcohol use During the summer orientation program, one evening of vignettes is offered for Description: students and their parents.The Summer Since the majority of students are of legal Previews counselors act out a series of drinking age and are primarily commuters, vignettes on alcohol abuse,date rape, strategies offered to address alcohol abuse drinking and driving,eating disorders,and build on existing social events.The Peer related issues.Students are divided into Education Programming Committee of the small groups where they discuss their Student Government Association works reaction to the vignettes.Counseling with interested students to develop a and Testing Center staff help facilitate theme and assign responsibilities designed the discussion and assist students who to combine elements of interest to stu- might experience a serious reaction to dents and bring information to them in a the vignettes. non-threatening manner. The Super Bowl SunDRY Program targets students who are on campus on the Friday before Super Bowl Sunday and offers alco- hol-free beverages and food,and distrib- utes materials on responsible choices.Some of the materials include brochures from national alcohol brewers on designated driver programs and consumption choices. To advertise the program,flyers and posters are distributed around campus, information is distributed to faculty members,and notices are placed in the campus newsletter.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 216 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies ENVIRONMENTAL AND TARGETED APPROACHES

The goal of environmental and targeted efforts is to change the (e.g.,housing students work in areas around a campus).Bartender behavioral and attitudinal norms of a college/university by focusing training is another option.Wellness floors or substance-free resi- either on the campus as a whole or on specific groups.The campus dence halls and other residential approaches may form part of the can be divided into appropriate and manageable segments to facili- housing facilities for students.Passive programming techniques may tate working with specific audiences with unique needs.Messages also be included.Professionals state that active student involvement and strategies are then shaped to each group’s particular needs. and accountability are very helpful to the success of the initiative. Typical groups for targeted efforts include athletes,first-year Social norms marketing is used within this approach,as it helps students,fraternity and sorority members,judicial offenders and stu- address misperceptions held by targeted audiences.These dents in recovery.These approaches may include protocols,screening approaches help promote information about behaviors of concern and selection efforts,and passive or active strategies.Sessions may as well as specific desired bahaviors. be mandatory,encouraged,or voluntary.A broad definition of diversity on the campus is encouraged by campus leaders. Another environmental/targeted approach is to form a presidential commission or council to provide vision and leadership for,and To provide more accurate information about student behavior and oversight and review of,the campus effort.Related efforts are found attitudes and campus services,environmental and targeted efforts with campus-community collaboration,or campus involvement in use survey data,media strategies,campaigns,video tapes,newslet- community initiatives.These task forces can be short-lived,periodic ters,theater,public information campaigns,skills demonstration or long-term. activities,and other programming.Another major element of this component are messages that demonstrate the wide diversity of Professionals have noted that the implementation of environmental students’needs on a campus.Specialty topics include peer education and targeted efforts must be based on a need.They emphasize the and sexual assault. importance of knowing the campus culture and the specific audience to be addressed and they further believe that feedback,which pro- Some institutions provide activities on campus and in the surround- vides evaluations and insights about what works,must be provided. ing community.These occur during weeknights and weekends,and For these approaches to be successful,not only are administrative may promote healthy choices as well as provide students with support and campus collaboration essential,but also a positive per- alternatives to frequenting neighborhood bars.Collaborative efforts spective on the part of all those involved in the implementation of among groups on campus and in the community help model the the process is extremely important. shared responsibility desired.Community involvement is encouraged

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 217 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Saint Michael’s College Alcohol-Free Housing Washington University

Contacts: students’requests,this type of residence Housing are members of a panel to relay Saint Michael’s College hall reflects a growing concern for personal their experiences of living in an alcohol- Enrollment:2,628 Private,Four Year Institution health and wellness. free environment.In addition,these stu- dents have created a means by which to Michael Samara,M.Ed. At St.Michael’s College,GREAT (Growing build and maintain connections among Vice President Recognition of the Effects of Alcohol on members living in different alcohol-free Megan Powers,M.S. Thinking) Housing was established in Coordinator areas of campus as well as with other response to recommendations from the Alcohol Education and Programs departments on campus.Under the Office Published in 1996 Sourcebook campus’alcohol task force.This housing of Alcohol Education and Programs,they option is undertaken with the hopes of Washington University have created an Alcohol Advisory Enrollment:11,655 empowering the population of students Committee (comprised of representatives Private,Four Year Institution who choose not to use and/or abuse alco- from each area) whose primary responsi- Daniel R.Herbst,M.S. hol.Based on a principle of peer support it bilities include sponsoring alcohol drug Director is designed to offset and combat peer Health Awareness Program free activities on weekend nights and pressure.Campus officials hope that,with Published in 1996 Sourcebook developing stronger connections with nurture and organization,these students other departments on campus.In addition, will “find their voice on campus”and in Objectives: they have created a Mentor/Mentee turn work with other offices,departments •To provide an alcohol-free residence program to facilitate the development of and students to begin and maintain the environment community among new and returning stu- process of changing the campus culture •To provide support for those who do dents to GREAT Housing.Finally,they have surrounding alcohol abuse. not wish to have alcohol present in their all agreed to sign and live by a Community living environments Students living in GREAT Housing collabo- Living Agreement;thus members share Description: rate with many offices and departments responsibility for holding each other on campus.Through the Admissions Office, accountable for inappropriate behaviors. An alcohol-free residence hall is an envi- they provide tours of this living environ- ronmental strategy that is available on Results from this process demonstrate ment to prospective students.Better mar- some campuses.Substance-free housing interest;students are involved in ongoing keting strategies have been utilized in was offered as a specialty housing option discussions about how to further improve promoting GREAT Housing (e.g.,a pam- atWashington University several years both the alcohol-free housing as well as phlet and a view book in the Admissions ago.Prepared by the Center for Chemical the environment on the campus.At office).Through student activities,the Abuse Prevention Education (CAPE) and Washington University,requests for spaces weekly publication,“Let’s Go Out”,which Residential Life,this option is offered to in substance-free housing has increased lists on-campus and local weekend activi- all residential students who wish to live in five-fold in a three year time span. ties,is distributed and a “Van To Nowhere” university housing where alcohol,tobacco program provides students with trans- products and other non-prescription drugs portation to events.During the Spring and are prohibited.Developed in response to Fall Orientations,students from GREAT

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 218 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Charles County Community College Syracuse University Alternative Activities University of Missouri – Columbia

Contacts: sh o w depicts spor ts activities that individuals Arts Adventure participants.In addition, a Charles County Community College could become involved in during the van paid for by the program fees transports Enrollment:5,925 Public,Two Year Institution Spring Break or at any time of the year.In participants to off-campus locations free the script of the show,messages address of charge. Linda Smith,M.Ed. underage drinking,drinking and driving, Project Manager At the University of Missouri - Columbia, SMART Center helmet safety and other safety issues to the Alcohol Awareness Month includes sev- Published in 1996 Sourcebook remind students to choose healthy eral alcohol-free events.The “Non-Alcoholic Syracuse University lifestyles.This campaign effort is planned Happy Hour”is typically the most popular Enrollment:18,973 by the Southern Maryland Alcohol/Drug Private,Four Year Institution event of the year.Alcohol-free drinks,piz- Resource (SMART) Center.Students from Michael Elmore,M.A.,M.Ed. zas,juices,submarines,cheese trays and BACCHUS,Peer Educators,and staff mem- Director other foods are donated by local vendors. bers from the SMART and Wellness Centers Student Activities In an effort to make the “Happy Hour” Published in 1996 Sourcebook participate as models.Student volunteers more educational,notice boards are pre- demonstrate bicycle racing and roller University of Missouri – Columbia pared,with a variety of messages such as Enrollment:22,136 skating.Local merchants loan necessary the correlation between alcohol abuse and Public,Four Year Institution clothing and equipment to display active academic problems.Also,special napkins Kim Dude, M.Ed. wear such as skiing,bicycling,roller blad- Assistant Director of Student Life are printed with the “zero-one-two-three” ing,basketball,aerobics,weight lifting, Published in 1996 Sourcebook message.An alcohol-free coffee houses jogging and motor cross racing.The script offered at which free coffee mugs printed incorporates the model’s personal plans, Objectives: with the message “CHEERS to the dreams and goals. •To offer alcohol-free activities for students Designated Driver”are distributed. •To increase student awareness of and The Arts Adventure Program at Syracuse For all of the activities offered during access to a variety of alcohol-free events University is designed to influence the Alcohol Awareness Month at the University student culture by encouraging students of Missouri - Columbia,an incentive system Description: to experience the local offerings of theater, The availability of alcohol-free programs is established to increase the critical mass music and visual arts.The program is on the campus,and student awareness of of students involved.Names and addresses designed to increase student awareness their availability,is a central environmental are taken at each of the events (except the of and access to artistic and intellectual strategy offered in a variety of formats. Happy Hour) and points are given at each expression in the out-of-classroom setting. event with some events receiving more At Charles Community College,a fashion The program charges first-year and transfer points than others.At the end of the show depicting healthy lifestyle alterna- students a $25 per semester fee and estab- month,monetary awards are given to the tives is offered.Part of the National lishes an Arts Adventure account,which residence hall floor and the residence hall, Collegiate Health and Wellness Week provides them with easy access to an array as well as the fraternity/sorority pledge (NCHWW) activities and the Safe Break of more than 150 events in the surround- class and fraternity/sorority house,that Campaign,this event promotes ways of ing community.An agreement reached accumulate the highest percentage of staying healthy and safe during the Spring with most arts presenters in the region has members in attendance throughout Break and throughout the year.The fashion them provide tickets at half price for all the month.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 219 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S CALVIN & HOBBES Bucknell University

Contact: and desirable choices to the current‘norms’ upon individual motivation and the desire Bucknell University of the Bucknell social community.”The to be a role model. It attempts to attract a Enrollment:3,698 Private,Four Year Institution effort was conceived,planned,and imple- person who “wants to be accepted on mented by students with the assistance of weekends by others for who you are not Robert Thomas,M.A. Coordinator the coordinator of Alcohol and Other Drug what you drink.” Alcohol and Other Drug Programs Programs,the Office of the Dean of Membership in the group expanded dra- Published in 1996 Sourcebook Students,and a faculty member.The mem- matically during the first year,with interest bers express to their fellow classmates that expressed or participation by over 400 Objectives: they no longer use drugs or alcohol to students.While 60% of the members are •To provide members and the rest of the enjoy themselves. first-year students,the group encompasses university community with desirable This student group has become officially all classes as well as fraternity/sorority opportunities relative to current campus recognized by the university,sponsors members.The group recently moved into norms numerous activities on and off the campus, a former fraternity house,which provides •To sponsor numerous on and off campus such as bowling,ice skating,hiking,bands attractive social space for group functions. alcohol-free activities and movies.Some of these events are The group has been recognized for inno- scheduled to begin in the evening after Description: vative programming by Trend (Turning The name CALVIN & HOBBES stands for university sponsored activities have ended. Recreational Excitement in New Creating A Lively Valuable Ingenious New Involvement in CALVIN & HOBBES gives Directions),a division of the National Habit Of Being (at) Bucknell (and) Enjoying members opportunities to improve confi- Council on Alcoholism and Drug Sobriety.As the organization’s constitution dence,self-esteem and leadership abilities. Dependence,for innovative programming. states,this student group “was set up with The group is promoted as a social option the goal of providing its members and the and is open to anyone who wants to have rest of the Bucknell community with active fun.Advertising for membership builds

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 220 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Drinking and Driving Initiatives Duke University

Contacts: The presentation consists of an interactive Their Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) is Duke University lecture and an alcohol impairment demon- then measured with an Alco-Sensor.The Enrollment:11,511 Private,Four Year Institution stration.Information concerning alcohol volunteers’failure on the sobriety tests gets related incidents involving Duke students the audience’s attention and drives home Jeanine Atkinson,M.S. Substance Abuse Specialist is illustrated through past police reports the point that people can appear to be and newspaper articles. “fine”to drive but are actually impaired. John Dailey,M.P.A. Even those who do well on the roadside Community Police Officer State alcohol laws are demonstrated.For Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook tests usually have a BAC between .08 example,a student in the audience under and .10,meeting the legal requirement 21 years of age is given a beer to hold.The for impairment in the state. Objectives: alcohol possession law is thus demon- •To raise awareness of the dangers of strated and explained,as are the penalties The presentation also discusses the alcohol abuse and alcohol’s correlation for offenders.Other alcohol laws are simi- difference in alcohol effects for males and with many campus problems larly demonstrated.The examples generally females,the potential for alcohol related •To educate students concerning state provoke questions which clarify students’ injury and sexual assault,the consequences alcohol laws including driving while understanding of alcohol laws. of arrest or citations,and the availability of impaired campus resources for further information •To improve student-police relations The popular part of the program is the or help.Handouts include the costs of a demonstration of alcohol impairment by conviction for driving while impaired Description: two students.Prior to the program,these (including lawyer fees and insurance fee Working collaboratively,the Duke over 21 volunteers have several 12 ounce increases),a BAC chart specific to gender, University Police and the University beers while supervised by a campus police and a flowchart describing the recom- Substance Abuse Specialist offer an alcohol officer or the substance abuse specialist. mended medical intervention for several laws/alcohol impairment demonstration to The goal is to show impairment,not being alcohol related emergencies. students.The presentation contributes to drunk.The volunteers are briefed about the the awareness and educational elements rules and goals of the demonstration and Evaluation shows that students demon- of a comprehensive alcohol program sign waivers beforehand.Generally,the strate increased understanding of the involving policy,enforcement,environmen- students are able to stand and talk to the effects of alcohol,increased awareness tal factors,and intervention. officer in front of the group:when they of state alcohol laws,and improved attempt the divided attention roadside perceptions of campus police. sobriety tests they perform poorly.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 221 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fraternity/Sorority Indiana State University Initiatives University of Colorado at Boulder

Contacts: model was selected to affect the norms The TEAM Campus Weekend is sponsored Indiana State University within the fraternity/sorority system.The by GAMMA (Greeks Advocating Mature Enrollment:11,641 Public,Four Year Institution Greek Peer Advocate Program trains stu- Management of Alcohol).Further support dents to serve as health resources for their is provided by the campus Greek Liaison Julie Miller,M.S. Assistant Director respective fraternity and sorority chapter. Office,the alumni advisors,and student Student Health Promotion Greek Peer Advocates (GPAs) complete a leaders.Implementation of the Greek Peer Published in 1996 Sourcebook series of “Greek Shops”on core health Advocate Program is conducted collabo- University of Colorado at Boulder issues,such as alcohol and drugs,stress ratively by students from Greek Affairs and Enrollment:24,548 management,fitness and healthy relation- Student Health Promotion.Graduate field Public,Four Year Institution ships.Following training,GPAs attend work students,graduate assistants and Amber Tetlow,M.A. bi-weekly meetings,complete one-on-one undergraduate interns are also incorpo- Greek Liaison Published in 1996 Sourcebook sessions with a staff member,and provide rated from an academic program and one health education program each month undergraduate interns from the Social Objectives: for their chapter.They also participate in Department assist in the program. campus-wide health education events, •To address the social environment in The number of participating chapters such as health fairs and awareness fraternities and sororities increases with each successive training campaigns. •To promote healthy settings for fraternity series of the Greek Peer Advocate Program. and sorority members The University of Colorado at Boulder’s Currently,two-thirds of the campus chap- •To educate fraternity/sorority members TEAM Campus Weekend focuses on leader- ters have named a GPA with some chapters about health issues that have an impact ship in the fraternity and sorority environ- naming several GPAs.Evaluation includes on the quality of their life ment.Several speakers address issues a needs assessment,a pre/post survey to Description: including responsible behavior and chang- measure mastery of training topics,and a ing culture as well as alcohol-free social pre/post test using the Wellness Inventory Because of the involvement of fraternity functions.Based on previous negative administered to randomly selected chapter and sorority members in alcohol-related publicity,student leaders decided to take members.At the University of Colorado,the incidents,campus officials often implement action to reverse the trends with alcohol- number of alcohol-related problems associ- targeted approaches for members of these related incidents,and the corresponding ated with Greek events has dropped. organizations.Indiana State University negative publicity.They wanted to raise Fraternity and sorority members are incorporates the Greek Peer Advocate awareness within the fraternity/sorority reported to be more involved in guiding Program and the University of Colorado at community,educate peers on responsible their own actions and in identifying Boulder utilizes a TEAM Campus Weekend. behavior and the consequences of not responsible ways to develop and implem- Each of these efforts is designed to employing it,and facilitate changes in ent institutional policies through participa- change the culture of the fraternities behavior by enforcing stricter policies. tion in campus committees. and sororities. Further,they wanted to offer alcohol-free The aim of the Greek Peer Advocate alternatives to activities that have involved Program is to provide more systematic excessive alcohol consumption in the past. prevention and health information for fraternities and sororities.A peer education

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 222 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S State University of Friday Midnight Movies New York College at Brockport

Contact: Description: operating the box office,tickets,promotion, State University of To compete with parties where alcohol is pu b l i c i t y,ad vert i s e m e nt s ,and other incidenta l New York College at Brockport Enrollment:9,047 served,to minimize underage drinking and expenses.Advertisements are published Public,Four Year Institution the use of fake IDs,and to minimize effects weekly in the student newspaper,and Susan C. Hawkes,M.S. on residents and property,the Student information is promoted through the Director Government sponsors Friday Midnight Student Government’sWeb site and the Student Activities and the College Union Movies at the local town movie theater. campus’cable TV.Four student volunteers Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook These provide an appealing activity for stu- col l e c t tickets and monitor the sellout crowds . dents,primarily freshmen.On a bi-weekly Realizing that some of the films end after Objectives: basis,the entire theater,complete with •To provide appealing alcohol-free activi- the town’s“no parking”ordinance goes into popular films on three screens,is rented ties for students,primarily freshmen effect at 2 a.m.,the Student Government for the students.By showing their college •To provide transportation to alcohol-free negotiated with the Chief of Police and the ID at the Student Government box office, activities to minimize problems of access Mayor to ensure that students attending students get a ticket for the movie of to the events the movie do not get parking tickets.In their choice. addition,the Student Government estab- The Student Government’s operating lished a late night shuttle bus for the budget absorbs the cost of staffing and Friday movies.

Healthy Lifestyles Program North Adams State College

Contact: Description: These students plan and participate in North Adams State College The Healthy Lifestyles Program begins by a series of activities,including bowling, Enrollment:1,729 Public,Four Year Institution mailing all first-year residential students a movies,games,skating,skiing,mall trips, Healthy Lifestyle Choice form to determine and attending various on-campus events. Kevin T.Clark First Year Experience Coordinator their interest in being housed on a Healthy Students who do not live on the Healthy Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Lifestyles residence hall floor.A follow-up Lifestyles floors,upperclass students from call is placed to students who select this other residence areas,and those who Objective: option to determine the nature of their typically choose to engage in “party •To promote alcohol-free activities for commitment.At the beginning of the behavior”are welcome to attend. first-year students on traditional semester,information meetings are held One outgrowth of this initiative is the “party nights” with students who live on the Healthy development of a coffeehouse series which Lifestyles residence hall floors to create takes place on Saturday nights. activities for traditional “party nights.”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 223 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Learning Community Experience University of Wisconsin – Madison

Contact: classroom,and a focus on community During the first phase of this project, University of Wisconsin – Madison development within the residence hall. patterns of student culture and behavior Enrollment:40,305 at critical points throughout the academic Public,Four Year Institution Students have frequent and varied contact year are documented.Results gathered are Aaron Brower,Ph.D. with faculty teaching in the program.Ten used to refine the focus and implement the Professor “Faculty Fellows”teach sections of popular Published in 1996 Sourcebook ongoing longitudinal study of how healthy courses in the residence hall,lead dis- and thoughtful student choices and cussions with groups of students,help behaviors are best shaped by structured Objectives: supervise the student’s community service •To create an environment that promotes living/learning communities.Comparisons and interest cluster involvement,and serve healthy choices and behaviors are made between the BLC students and as advisors and mentors to students in •To motivate academic learning others living in university residence halls their academic and social decisions. •To help students create a first-year experi- to document the living/learning experience ence that integrates their academic and Some students participate in structured and its impact on the residents.A matched social life community service activities within the comparison group is identified on issues community surrounding the campus.The such as goals,expectations and aspirations. Description: settings for these community service expe- Individual academic and social behavior The program staff of the Bradley Learning riences are closely matched to the interests is also documented with noted changes Community (BLC),a freshman residence and strengths of each individual student. on items such as grade point average and hall,developed a structured community Students also participate in “Reflective learning skills,academic progress,inte- in which residents feel well connected and Journal Groups”which thematically inte- gration into the university community, integrated into the various components grate their social and academic activities drinking behavior,drunk-driving citations, of student life.The Bradley Learning during the year.These journal groups alcohol-related health problems and/or Community has three main features that include discussions and reflections on injuries,and other health issues. are not shared programmatically by stu- broad topics,such as environmental dents living in other university housing concerns,the arts or technology.Student arrangements.These are the integration of activities throughout the year are related academic and social activities,involvement to their journal groups. of faculty in students’lives outside of the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 224 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Living/Learning Contract Yakima Valley Community College

Contact: At the beginning of the academic year,all When a policy violation occurs,a clear Yakima Valley Community College student residents attend an orientation procedure is enacted and a judicial review Enrollment:6,051 Public,Two Year Institution session.One of the activities of this session committee is convened.This committee, is to review the policies in the student comprised of other residents,resident Wendy Wallace Coordinator handbook.As documented in the hand- advisors and staff of the college,reviews Student Resident Center book,the college believes that students the incident and makes a recommendation Published in 1996 Sourcebook “should have the opportunity to set regarding appropriate disciplinary action. expectations for one another in their College officials cite that,after instituting Objectives: own community.”At the same time it is the living/learning contract,the annual •To provide a healthy residence hall setting acknowledged that established guidelines damage to the residence hall was reduced •To involve students in the process of should reflect local,state and federal laws, to 20% of its prior amount.Further,reports implementing standards for their own as well as policies and procedures of the of rape and other violent crimes decreased living environment college.Included in the policies is the alco- dramatically.As a result,the Student hol policy,which prohibits the possession, Description: Resident Center has been recognized as a consumption,or furnishing of alcoholic The Student Resident Center provides an safer place to live,which has an increase in beverages in the Student Resident Center on campus,multi-cultural,living and learn- the number of residents and thus an and its adjoining grounds.At the end of the ing experience for students.The Center has increase in revenue. session,students sign a living/learning adopted a living/learning contract that contract,acknowledging that they have addresses,among other things,the issue of been informed of the college’s policies alcohol.The contract is a part of the living and procedures. agreement between the college and the student resident.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 225 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Media Campaign Bridgewater State College

Contact: Description: The production team is responsible for Bridgewater State College McADOC (Media Campaign Addressing the production of the video public service Enrollment:8,393 Public,Four Year Institution Drugs on Campus) is a peer-based alcohol announcements which requires the use of and drug education and prevention pro- campus media services.The peers borrow Ann Doyle Outreach Coordinator gram.Students selected to serve as video equipment to shoot the PSAs and Alcohol/Drug Education McADOC peer educators become a member then edit the public service announce- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook of either the production team or the pro- ments in the studio. motion team after they receive training. The promotion team conducts an ongoing Objectives: The student peer educators conduct a awareness and educational campaign. •To change students’attitudes towards media campaign and offer a range of Marketing is conducted through newspa- and patterns of use of alcohol and drugs programs on campus. per advertisements,flyers,information •To train peer educators to lead students The promotion team offers educational tables,and promotional items.McADOC through an alcohol/drug education programs,campus-wide events,and social peers also offer alcohol-free events on program marketing campaigns designed to change campus,including encouraging community students’attitudes about drugs and alcohol members to perform during the “Open and their use of these substances.The team Microphone Night.” creates ten 30-second video public service announcements (PSAs) each year;these PSAs are shown on campus and on the local cable station.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 226 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Midnight Madness Baldwin – Wallace College

Contact: Description: Program assistance is provided by a gradu- Baldwin – Wallace College Midnight Madness was developed and ate student from Student Life and the Enrollment:4,789 Private,Four Year Institution implemented by students who represent Director of the Campus Health Center. Greek Life,Athletics,and other student Funding is provided by a grant from the Janie Ehrman,M.Ed. Director organizations to provide an alternative to State Department of Alcohol and Drug Health Center the traditional Wednesday bar night on Addiction Services.In addition,local busi- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook campus.The College Recreation Center and nesses provide free food,t-shirts,water the college Health Center sponsor activities bottles,game tickets,gift certificates,and Objective: that are offered from 11:00 P.M.to 1:00 other in-kind services. •To provide alcohol-free activities for A.M.each Wednesday.These activities The program appears to be popular,with students on a weekly basis include volleyball,floor hockey,indoor soc- an average attendance of 2,200 students cer,basketball,water sports,card games, each week.Students appreciate the wide board games,country line dancing,and variety of activities,particularly the free self-defense.In addition,special activities food,and say they would have been party- such as “Velcro Olympics,”“Sumo ing at bars if the activities had not existed. Wrestling,”and “Bouncy Boxing”are offered.Free food,t-shirts,music,and prizes are provided each week.

Southwest Missouri Natural High Club State University

Contact: Description: efforts with the campus news services Southwest Missouri State Starting as a collaborative effort between department.Press releases are issued to University Enrollment:16,349 professional staff in the Taylor Health and the local media,flyers are distributed on Public,Four Year Institution Wellness Center and the Recreation and campus,announcements are placed in the Terri Oehm,M.A. Intramural Sports Office,the university’s campus newspaper,and meetings are held Coordinator Natural High Club is a peer-led program. in the residence halls and on campus.The Wellness Education Students are the primary decision makers Spring Break Giveaway is another strategy. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook reg a r ding club activities and goals.Natu ra l This white-water rafting trip for two is the High activities include social and educati o n a l prize in a drawing.In order to enter,students Objectives: me e t i n g s ,co- s p onsorship of outdo or advent u r e must document that they attended the • To encou r age students to make a con s c i o u s trips,community service,and participation campus Health and Wellness Fair and visited commitment to healthier living by partic- in various campus events.Freshmen are the a minimum of six exhibits or screenings. ipating in outdoor recreational activities pri m a r y targe t s .Uppe r class students serve as •To use positive peer pressure to influence Suc c ess of the Natu r al High Club is att ri b u te d role models for fres h m e n , changing the per - st u d e n ts to choose alcoh o l - f r ee social activities to the strong suppor t provided by the upper - cep t i o n th a t all college activities invol v e alcoh o l . le vel administrati o n , the com m u n i t y,as wel l Marketing initiatives include collaborative as the planning designed to meet the needs of students on campus.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 227 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Newspaper Media State University of Campaign New York College at Cortland

Contact: users,the ad series depicts the antics of a campus newspaper.Ideas for “The State University of fictitious college student,named Dick,and Adventures of Dick”are generated through New York College at Cortland Enrollment:6,588 his heavy use of drugs and alcohol. This informal discussions in classes,with indi- Public,Four Year Institution humorous,yet poignant,story of Dick’s vidual students,and with student groups. Catherine Layton,M.S.W. experiences with drinking and drug use The humorous nature of both the Dick Coordinator provides a means through which college cartoon character and the text of the ads Substance Education/Prevention students can examine their own behaviors contributes to the broad appeal of this Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook in a non-threatening manner.A female campaign.Because the circumstances character,Dickette,is a recent addition to in which Dick finds himself are not Objectives: the series. uncommon to college students,all •To encourage students to critically exam- students,whether users or non-users, ine their own heavy alcohol use behaviors Each of the ads features multiple cartoon can relate to him. •To present humorous,eye-catching ads figures together with prevention mes- that will appeal to all groups on campus sages.For example,one shows Dick forget- Anecdotal evaluation findings range from ting his evening class and another ad student-initiated discussions about Dick in Description: shows him looking “un-cool”as the result classes and residence halls to students “The Adventures of Dick”media campaign of negative consequences associated with cutting out the ads and posting them in is an alcohol/drug awareness program that substance use. their rooms and apartments.Students look consists of a series of display ads published for the new ad each week. The ads are created in cooperation with in the student newspaper.Targeted to all a student editor,who is responsible for students,especially the drug and alcohol graphics,layout,and publishing of the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 228 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Norms Correction Efforts Washington State University

Contacts: Description: The discussion that follows this presenta- Washington State University Building on efforts to address mispercep- tion is lively and engaging. Enrollment:19,571 tions held by high-risk groups about Public,Four Year Institution Responses to attitude questions,such as campus alcohol norms,the norm correction Jeanne Far, M.A.,M.Ed. “drinking is never a good thing to do,”to program targets the Greek system and Research Director “a frequent‘drunk’is okay if that’s what freshmen residence halls.Earlier program- John Miller the individual wants to do,”are also tallied. Program Coordinator ming documents that,when students’ Participants indicate whether they think Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention too-liberal misperceptions about beliefs Program other students drink more or less than they and behaviors are changed,the amount of Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook do,and compare their estimates about alcohol the students consume is reduced. other students with what these students The campus-wide program begins with Objectives: report.Specific topics include alcohol con- responses to a questionnaire mailed to a •To correct misperceptions about campus sumption at a party,consequences of random sample of students.Information alcohol norms held by the campus’ drinking,frequency of consuming alcohol, regarding both estimated and actual highest-risk group and overall quantity of alcohol consumed. beliefs and behaviors of students through- •To document the program’s effectiveness The presentation discusses how often stu- out the campus is summarized. in correcting student misperceptions dents are encouraged to drink more than about alcohol practices and beliefs Subsequently,the same questionnaire they would like to,how often someone is distributed to members who live in a else’s drinking interferes with what they fraternity or sorority house.During the want to do,and related questions. scheduled in-house program,members are While formal findings are not yet available, presented with their own house’s findings, a general decrease in heavy drinking on which are compared to those for the entire the campus is noted. Greek system and the campus as a whole.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 229 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Services The College of Saint Rose

Contact: abuse,a drop in the consumption of alco- (the card can be reformatted and used as The College of Saint Rose hol by the student population,and a a bookmark). Enrollment:3,879 decrease in academic and judicial problems Private,Four Year Institution During National Collegiate Alcohol related to drug and alcohol use. John R.Ellis, M.Ed. Awareness Week,the campus bookstore Director The CCC further attempts to integrate, offers 20% off the purchase price of glass- Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Services coordinate and expand prevention pro- ware for a specified period of time.The Published in 1996 Sourcebook gramming for the college by working with advertisement states “Just because it’s a Objectives: various offices and groups that provide beer mug doesn’t mean that you have to programming.Co-sponsoring or offering drink beer out of it!”The flyer suggests •To implement a coordinated, additional complementary programs is that the glassware could be put to good comprehensive drug and alcohol another strategy.Many of these programs use as pencil holders,candy cups,paperclip prevention program are presented in residence halls or at spe- holders,flower vases and non-alcoholic •To incorporate multiple strategies to cial events.Programs have been provided beverage glasses.A flyer called “The 10 affect the overall campus climate at New Student Orientation,administrative Commandments of Low-Risk Drinking” Description: meetings,Student Leadership Development includes items such as “Thou shalt not A major component of this campus-wide retreats,and meetings of the Board of drink alcoholic beverages,if thou art under program is the implementation of the Trustees. age 21”,“Thou may switch to alcohol-free Campus Climate Council (CCC).A group beverages to prevent inebriation”and The prevention program’s major goal is which meets monthly to assess the overall “Thou shalt not drink and drive nor drive to expose all college constituencies to the climate of the campus,CCC recommends and drink.” physical,mental and social implications and/or offers appropriate programs and of the use and abuse of alcohol and drugs. An additional environmental approach uses activities that foster a happy,safe and edu- One strategy is a massive multi-media computer mousepads,which state that cational environment for all campus con- campaign offered throughout the aca- “Getting Drunk is like a Computer Virus” stituencies.Consisting of student,faculty, demic year,utilizing posters,handouts, and adds lines such as “Your system might administration and staff representatives, brochures,newspaper articles,advertise- crash and cause serious damage,”“You may the group focuses on drug and alcohol ments,balloons,videotapes,computer lose something important such as a project prevention initiatives.When the CCC was software programs and audiotaped public or a relationship”and “Your system might formed,it was charged with three tasks: service announcements.Often the media suddenly and unexpectantly purge itself.” (1) to assess the attitudes and issues campaign is designed to take advantage regarding alcohol and drug use and abuse The Core Survey is used to document of regular holidays and events such as on campus;(2) to study the impact of the success.Reductions in the number of Thanksgiving,St.Patrick’s Day,Spring Break attitudes and behaviors on the campus and alcohol-related violations and vandalism and the Super Bowl.Examples of campaign the surrounding community;and (3) to are also measures of the program’s effec- materials are a card labeled “Wear a green recommend modifications and/or changes tiveness.In addition,increasing numbers ribbon on St.Patrick’s day to support low- in policies,sanctions and programming in of requests for alcohol-free social activities risk drinking choices”(10 specific strategies the area of alcohol and drug prevention. have been made.Further,faculty members are also on the card) and the “Study hard Outcomes anticipated by the college were are requesting more prevention informa- and party smart”evaluation card which a campus community that was more aware tion and programming in their classrooms. provides facts about alcohol consumption of the dangers of alcohol and drug use and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 230 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Concordia University Dean College Orientation Sessions Longwood College

Contacts: Objectives: and date rape.Since the reality of the col- Concordia University •To provide new students with information lege scene is something the students can Enrollment:976 Private,Four Year Institution about the negative consequences associ- relate to,students are actively engaged in ated with alcohol abuse the session.Available for discussion at the Joy Alexander Director •To promote heightened awareness con- session are professionals from Counseling Student Services cerning appropriate behaviors on campus Services,Public Safety,and Residence Life Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook •To help students become more adept at Coordinators.The involvement of these Dean College predicting and intervening in potentially individuals from different locations on Enrollment:650 problematic situations campus helps to heighten students’aware- Private,Two Year Institution ness.Focused questions (such as,“What Jennifer A. Drake-Deese,M.A. Description: exactly is considered rape?”) and an Coordinator New student activities emphasize specific Counseling Services emphasis on transitions,decision making, prevention messages and are particularly Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook rape prevention,and the law help to make helpful in disseminating information about Longwood College the program a success. Enrollment:3,404 specific behaviors of concern on campus. A mock rape trial is presented during Public,Four Year Institution At Longwood College,theater majors and orientation week at Concordia University. Valerie Jordan,M.Ed. orientation leaders act out an evening of Director Entitled “The Line:When a Date Becomes a drinking at a party.Designed to show the New Student Programs Crime,”this realistic presentation encour- direct correlation between the quantity Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook ages discussion of the individual characters and frequency of drinking and negative in the story and emphasizes new perspec- consequences,these skits give students the tives on the word“no.”Jury members are opportunity to discuss alternative actions chosen randomly from the audience. for significant points in the story.Following During the time that the “jury is in deliber- the input from the students,the actors per- ation,”a question and answer session for form the skit again,incorporating better students is led by a certified rape counselor choices about alcohol throughout the skit. and a local police officer.A local superior At Dean College,the date rape segment is court judge officiates at the trial and taken from the movie “Higher Learning” lawyers represent the plaintiff and the and pieced together to form a powerful defendant. vignette on the excessive use of alcohol

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 231 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Orientation Videotape Colorado State University

Contact: Description: decision,what they do instead of drinking Colorado State University “To Drink or Not to Drink”is a 10-minute alcohol,and ways that they have been Enrollment:21,914 Public,Four Year Institution videotape designed for first-year students. rewarded for not using alcohol. Some of Produced through the collaboration of the footage shows students speaking in Jim Weber, M.S.W. Director the Center for Drug and Alcohol Education, their peer groups,which accept and sup- Center for Drug and Alcohol Education Residence Life,the Preview Orientation port them. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Program,Campus TV,and the Technical The diversity of the university’s community Journalism Department,the video features is acknowledged by featuring a representa- Objectives: the 30 percent of on-campus students who tive sample of students.In addition,stu- •To correct students’misinformation choose not to drink alcohol. Students are dent diversity is highlighted in the many about alcohol use on campus asked on film to explain why they choose reasons cited for not drinking alcohol. •To reduce alcohol use and the negative not to use alcohol and to comment on the consequences of alcohol misuse by challenges that have arisen due to their first-year students

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 232 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Passive Programming Techniques University of Alaska Anchorage

Contact: events are linked to the goal of providing Students report being able to connect with University of Alaska Anchorage students with honest and accurate infor- the visual reminders regarding drinking Enrollment:17,808 Public,Four Year Institution mation,tools,skills and resources,so that and driving.In addition,several faculty they are able to make educated choices members request that Vince and Larry Bruce Schultz,M.A. Assistant Dean of Students regarding the use of alcohol. bring their message to their classes. Published in 1996 Sourcebook In the “90 Proof Tales”initiative,university Other approaches during National police officers are invited into the residence Collegiate Alcohol Awareness Week include Objectives: halls to tell tales involving the sometimes resource displays (decorated tables match •To target a broad range of students in deadly mixture of students and alcohol. the week’s theme),videotapes (played con- various campus environments High student turnout for these events is tinually for students to watch during class •To provide students with information, based in part on addressing real life alcohol breaks),and mocktails (served in a bar-like tools,skills,and resources to make situations on campus in the relaxed atmos- atmosphere in a high traffic area of the educated choices phere of the residence hall. campus center).A program entitled “Thinking About Having Sex?”involves an Description: The “80 Proof Passion”or “Sex Under the interactive presentation highlighting the Based on outcome assessments from prior Influence?”uses professional staff mem- role of alcohol in sexual decision-making. campus efforts addressing alcohol edu- bers from the Counseling Center to discuss, Another workshop (“Alcohol-Making cation,the campus leadership determined in a conversation group format,the impact Choices!”) discusses how alcohol may affect that passive programming efforts would be that alcohol has on one’s decision-making one’s ability to make responsible choices. more effective in getting messages across abilities.The local television station has Scenarios such as driving under the influ- to a largely commuter campus population. filmed the session for news broadcasts. Thus,the Campus Alcohol Team emphasizes ence,unsafe sex,and the university’s Students dressed as Vince and Larry,the passive programming techniques during judicial consequences are part of the crash dummies,travel the campus from their year-long activity.The team approach workshop. end to end revealing the consequences targets a broad range of students in various of drinking and driving to students. campus environments.All programs and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 233 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P.E.P.Choices Northern Kentucky University

Contact: Description: and academic credit through the Service Northern Kentucky University The Peers Educating Peers (P.E.P.) Choices Learning Program. Enrollment:11,637 Program is designed to educate students Public,Four Year Institution This program bridges the gap between about alcohol and to motivate them to Melissa Eversole,M.Ed. area high schools and the campus.Virtually make informed choices concerning alcohol Student Wellness Coordinator all students commute,and most live in the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook use.During the fall semester,the P.E.P. surrounding communities and have Choices Program targets incoming fresh- attended the area’s high schools.The hope men by presenting alcohol problem pre- Objective: is that attention to the high school stu- • To crea te,th r ough peer leadership,a cam p u s vention education classes.In addition,the dents will ultimately promote prevention environment that values responsible and peer educators work with students in the for the university when these students low-risk choices concerning alcohol use community’s middle and high schools. matriculate to the campus. Peer educators receive a small stipend

Pledge Workshop University of Pennsylvania

Contacts: Description: on how to create a healthy campus.They are University of Pennsylvania The “Alcohol Abuse and Sexual Violence” facilitated by D.A.R.T.(Drug and Alcohol Enrollment:22,148 Private,Four Year Institution workshop was designed for newly accepted Resource Team) and S.T.A.A.R.(Students pledges to the Inter-Fraternity Council, Together Against Acquaintance Rape) – two Kurt Conklin,M.A. Health Educator Panhellenic Council,and Bicultural Inter- peer education programs. Greek Council.Three coed teams of peer Kate Ward-Gaus,M.S.Ed. Evaluation of the workshop indicates that Health Educator educators are trained,with each team the majority of students believe the work- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook member specializing in either alcohol abuse shops have increased their understanding issues or sexual violence and sexual assault. of the topic.One of the most encouraging Objectives: The workshop is presented to 700 students areas of impact is with the leadership of •To help newly accepted Greek pledges each year,and fraternity and sorority the Greek system:an increased level of to understand the risks associated with pledges are assigned to a group and attend involvement and accountability appears alcohol abuse a session hosted in a chapter house. to have resulted in the leaders having a •To reduce incidents of alcohol-related The workshops’content includes “party greater awareness of the importance of sexual violence and assault expectations (hopes and realities),”values their roles and in their willingness to cl a ri f i c ati o n , rea l - l i f e scen a ri o s ,and discussions serve as role models of responsible behaviors and choices.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 234 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Presentations on Alcohol Advertising San Francisco State University

Contact: Description: those with messages about women and San Francisco State University The peer education organization C.E.A.S.E. men,power and relationships,sexuality, Enrollment:28,000 Public,Four Year Institution (Creating Empowerment through Alcohol domestic violence,and risky sexual and Substance Abuse Education),designs behavior that may occur while under Michael Ritter,M.S. Coordinator slide shows for students presentations. the influence of alcohol. Prevention Education,Counseling & A slide presentation with accompanying The slide presentations are frequently Psychological Services Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook script,“African Americans and Latinos as shown in residence halls and at campus Targets of the Alcohol Advertising Industry,” awareness events,and they are often pre- Objectives: was developed by C.E.A.S.E.and presented sented in cooperation with other student •To assist students in developing critical- in Critical Thinking classes.This slide show groups and peer programs. has become part of the curriculum and is thinking skills In the classroom and residence hall presented in other courses in Counseling, •To help students understand strategies discussions that follow the presentations, Ethnic Studies,and Human Sexuality. used in advertising alcohol products students are encouraged to identify pro- Another slide presentation prepared by the motional strategies.The non-threatening C.E.A.S.E.peer educators is “Sexploitation and non-preaching style promotes of Women by the Alcohol Advertising enjoyment. Industry.”Ads presented here include

Presentations For Athletes Buffalo State College

Contact: Description: abuse of alcohol and drugs,issues related Buffalo State College The mandatory Alcohol and Drug Education to abuse and addiction,and risk reduction Enrollment:11,350 Public,Four Year Institution Program for Student Athletes encompasses information.A combination of lecture, two 60-minute sessions;each session is visual aids,and questions and answers, Alice Sullivan,M.S.,R.N. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook offered twice to reduce scheduling conflicts stimulates the group input.Handouts, for the athletes.Students must complete which are kept to a minimum,focus on Objectives: the program before their sport begins or in risk reduction, community resources,and •To provide accurate research-based the early part of the season.The presenta- assisting others.To promote a comfortable information to student athletes tions are also videotaped and shown to learning environment,coaches are not •To reduce risks associated with the athletes who are unable to attend because allowed at the presentations. abuse of drugs and alcohol of illness,work,or academic responsibili- •To promote low-risk choices ties.Topics include risks associated with among athletes

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 235 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project SAVE the TIGERS Clemson University

Contact: Overall,the design is a thoughtful array of amphitheater,and co-sponsoring the Clemson University culture and life-style reinforcing alternative “Campus Sweep Community Service Enrollment:16,318 Public,Four Year Institution programs with alcohol-free events,retreats Activity.”Other sponsored activities include for identified student populations,and a network of alcohol-free tailgaters for Parvin Lewis, M.A. Director of Health Education expanding electives of courses,programs, football games and convening student Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook and educational efforts. leaders to apprise them of campus substance use data. Central to the effort are the peer health Objectives: educators,who assist with peer training in The educational program is enhanced by •To change the campus culture regarding health-related concerns.To expand this expanding the University’s On-Campus substance use role,an entertainment/student alcohol- Talking About Alcohol (OCTAA) Course to •To empower non-using or occasional free program committee helps develop and a pilot group of first-year students.Course using by providing resources and social implement activities that focus on arts curriculum includes infusion of the educa- alternatives and talents,self-assertiveness workshops, tional program into courses such as fresh- •To enhance existing peer programs that drama and theatrical activity,and physical man English Composition.In addition,a supplement the overall mission improvement.In addition,there is a net- newsletter that contains information about Description: work of student groups that believe in alcohol-free events and activities is offered. healthy lifestyles,including Blue Key (an While prior initiatives focused on the Evaluation includes comparisons with honorary fraternity),Clemson Cares (a problem of alcohol and drug use and benchmark data of use and abuse provided women’s service group),and Students for abuse,Project SAVE the TIGERS (Student by the Core Survey.In addition,each Social Concerns (promoting awareness of Alcohol [drugs] and Violence Education program is evaluated by attendees.Finally, social problems). the Tigers Initiate to Gain Empowerment focus groups gather on an annual basis Regarding Substances) emphasizes those By establishing mainstream social oppor- to discuss students’thoughts,reflections, who choose not to use or abuse alcohol,do tunities and activities under the theme of and expectations.These focus groups not condone illegal drug use,and do not “Naturally High,”major campus alcohol- complement the “Continuous Improvement tolerate nor participate in violent acts.The free social events are offered to compete Initiative Employed Elsewhere in Student ultimate goal is to develop a collaborative directly with events that promote alcohol Affairs.” staff effort to further institutionalize these use.Activities include midnight olympics, education and prevention initiatives. outdoor movies,and concerts at the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 236 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Protocol for Students Abusing Alcohol Saint Michael’s College

Contacts: Description: New Student Programs,Sophomore Saint Michael’s College For students who choose to use/abuse Development,International Studies,and Enrollment:2,665 Private,Four Year Institution alcohol,an extensive protocol is followed. the Mobilization of Volunteer Efforts.These This process allows students to take offices provide opportunities for positive Michael Samara,M.Ed. Vice President of Student Affairs responsibility for inappropriate behaviors connections and mentor relationships. Megan Powers,M.S. that accompany drunkenness.Further,a Likewise,a framework exists within which Coordinator sincere effort is made to work with stu- the student may accept responsibility,as Alcohol Education and Programs dents so that they make more appropriate well as explore the reasons,for his/her use Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook decisions. of substances. Objectives: Initially a decision is made by Student Students are also referred to the Office •To provide standardized procedures for Life and Campus Security staff members of Alcohol Education and Programs and students who abuse alcohol regarding whether or not the intoxicated participate in an assessment interview. •To keep the campus free from conditions student should be transported to a protec- The required alcohol education class th a t increase the risk of harm from alcoh o l tive care facility off-campus,i.e.ACT I incorporates information about substances, (Alcohol Crisis Team).A comprehensive fol- policies,resources,and personal values low-up process includes meetings with one and attitudes. or several departments on campus based on individual needs.These include Health Services,Campus Ministry,Student Life,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 237 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Safe and Responsible Bartender Training Wheeling Jesuit University

Contact: when students returned from bars.Typical Letters of invitation to attend the training Wheeling Jesuit University policing effor ts by law enfor cem e n t officials program were initially sent to each of Enrollment:1,482 Private,Four Year Institution are limited because bars are recognized the nine area bars.Since this did not gener- and treated as “private clubs.”Student ate enthusiastic support from the bar Daniel Caron,M.S. Director patrons consumed large quantities of alco- owner/managers,letters of invitation were Wellness and Drug Education hol,with resulting problems affecting again distributed to each bar,with copies Published in 1996 Sourcebook many areas of college life such as of the invitation sent to the invited guest student grades,physical and mental speakers,including the enforcement officer Objectives: health,and campus community relations. from the commission.This “convincing” •To address underage drinking and prob- letter of invitation resulted in a 100% A campus-based committee brainstormed lem drinking response rate.Additional participants solutions to this problem and a meeting •To reduce alcohol-related problems and included college students,concerned with the local neighborhood association their relationship to student grades, neighborhood association members followed to determine appropriate strate- mental health and campus life and the media. gies.Local officials cited problems from Description: students including vandalism and excessive Following the training program,it Safe and Responsible Bartender Training noise in their neighborhoods.The strategy appeared that the “silence was broken” program addresses unsafe,underage chosen was a state-sponsored bartender concerning the issues of underage drinking drinking issues from both a “patron safety” training program,which the state’s Alcohol and patron intoxication.Community sup- and “business responsibility”perspective. Beverage Control Commission agreed to port to address these issues was generated. This program was initiated to address the provide.The Safe and Responsible Specifically,one troublesome establish- negative effects of heavy alcohol con- Bartender Training features a mental ment was cited for various violations after sumption by both underage and of-age health professional,an enforcement officer this program,and was eventually closed. students that was being felt on campus from the state Alcohol Beverage Control Commission and the County Prosecutor.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 238 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Screening For Alcohol Abuse Stephens College

Contact: Description: using alcohol while participating in water Stephens College Because resources for addressing alcohol sports,consuming five or more drinks on Enrollment:889 Private,Four Year Institution abuse have been reduced,current efforts at least three days in the prior month, focus on promoting individual students’ and using alcohol before the most recent Cherie DuPuis, M.S.N. Director success.In the Student Health Service,stu- sexual exposure. Student Health Services dents are screened for alcohol problems Through the personal nature of the rela- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook during physical exams as part of the pro- tionship between staff and students,stu- fessional workup for sexually transmitted dents are given the message that excessive Objective: diseases,unplanned pregnancy,stress drinking is an obstacle to academic success. •To help students make healthy symptomatology,and after accidents. Staff discussions are conducted to help lifestyle choices A health survey is conducted with all remove the obstacles to a healthy lifestyle, incoming students during orientation; and Student Life professionals meet weekly collecting information from students on to identify at-risk students and initiate alcohol issues is a significant goal of the plans for helping them. survey.Questions include self-reported experience with driving after drinking,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 239 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sexual Assault Peer Education Program Brown University

Contact: Description: sexual lubricant,the linkage of alcohol use Brown University The university implemented the Sexual with the possibilities of reckless behavior, Enrollment:7,174 Private,Four Year Institution Assault Peer Education (SAPE) program the reduction of capacities for good in response to the need to implement judgment and the impairment of Toby Simon,M.Ed. Associate Dean of Student Life strategies to address alcohol and violence communication abilities. Published in 1996 Sourcebook in relationships.The SAPE program The Peer Educators conduct a mandatory addresses issues such as dating abuse, session on sexual assault for all first-year sexual violence and miscommunication. Objectives: students where the relationship between •To promote an understanding of alcohol’s The goal of the program is to help students alcohol and dating violence and sexual relationship to dating,violence and sexual to enhance communication skills and assault is discussed.The Peer Educators also assault sexual interactions. provide leadership for the first-year orien- •To enhance communication skills and The SAPE program began by training tation meeting on “SexWithout Consent,” sexual interactions 90 female and male university students which is a theater piece and traveling road selected to become Sexual Assault Peer show.Peer Educators who want to be Educators.These students participate in involved must attend rehearsals and an an extensive 25-hour training program additional training program,which is in the spring where they learn about and approximately 40 hours in length. discuss the many aspects of sexual assault Evaluation includes Consumer Satisfaction and dating violence.In addition,they learn Surveys following the program.First group facilitation and basic counseling year students are randomly selected and skills.They also evaluate themselves and encouraged to respond to a telephone decide whether they feel ready to address survey soliciting their reactions to the pro- such an emotionally charged and some- gram.Written surveys are also distributed times difficult issue.The training also to counselors based in the residence halls. includes alcohol’s role as a social and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 240 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Social Influence Campaign Northern Illinois University

Contact: manner.To correct the misperception about and “mall intercept”interviews.These Northern Illinois University campus drinking norms,one advertisement pre-tests develop the messages and judge Enrollment:23,181 Public,Four Year Institution called “The Facts about Drinking at NIU” which are appropriate and effective.Post- states “Most NIU students (84%) did not testing determines the scope and depth Michael P.Haines,M.S. Coordinator cause physical harm to self or others as a of the intervention. Health Enhancement Services consequence of drinking.”Similarly “Nearly Interpersonal support is provided through Published in 1996 Sourcebook all NIU students (97%) disapprove of a concentrated effort to reinforce social drunkenness which interferes with respon- influence messages in all interpersonal Objectives: sibilities.”Another poster is titled “Did You contacts.Informational presentations are •To incorporate an environmental Ever Wonder HowYou CompareTo A Typical made in academic classes and student intervention through campus-wide NIU Student?”This poster’s“good news” groups,such as “Social and Individual programmatic efforts presents the results of the campus survey Patterns of Alcohol Use,”INFOPAX (a •To change the perception of heavy showing that most college students are do-it-yourself educational kit that assists alcohol use among students healthy people.Examples of this fact students to make presentations),and •To reduce the heavy use of alcohol include the statements that exercise is the educational series entitled SUDDS and its related negative consequences popular and that heavy drinking has (Students Understanding Drinking,Drugs among students decreased. and Self). Another campaign is called “Students Description: The Social Influence Campaign component The social influence model is primarily a Speak...”which reports good news such is evaluated through an annual survey media intervention model;interpersonal as,“two-thirds of NIU students drink five to determine student drinking behaviors, support is also integrated into the or fewer drinks when they `party’.“ assess behavior and perceptions,and approach.To influence the behaviors of One final example is called “Alcohol Myths” identify alcohol-related negative conse- students,the principal media source used is which presents facts to counteract two quences.Program planners cite a signifi- the campus newspaper,because it is read myths.The first is “A Near Myth”which is, cant reduction in the perception of heavy by more than 60% of the student body “I’m a better driver when I’ve been drink- drinking along with a parallel reduction in daily.A secondary media approach used is ing,I drive slow so it’s safer,”and the sec- actual heavy drinking.After one year there the distribution of handout materials at ond is an “Achilles Myth”which is,“Mixing was a 16% reduction in drinking.As the public information events and the place- different types of alcohol will make me project continued through 1995,there ment of them in campus literature boxes. drunk and give me a hangover.” was a 35% reduction in drinking and a The content of the initiative is based on 34% reduction in alcohol-related injuries. Pilot testing of the campaign materials is facts gathered from campus-wide surveys; conducted using small groups,focus groups these facts are presented in a positive

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 241 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Health Education Volunteer Project Marshall University

Contact: skills and develop attitudes consistent with expectations,establishing group goals,and Marshall University the non-use of drugs or alcoh o l . In addition, planning work activities.During the imple- Enrollment:12,461 Public,Four Year Institution these community-based activities promote mentation of the service activities,GAs non-violent,non-substance-using alterna- transport group members in university Carla Lapelle,M.A. Coordinator tives and the values of caring and the vehicles,as needed.They also oversee Student Health Education Programs building of community.An incentive is activities to ensure that safety concerns Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook offered to encourage groups to participate are heeded and that the community host in community service:groups may receive is satisfied with the work being done. Objectives: $1 per person per hour,half of which goes GAs participate in the activity with the •To encourage students to participate to a charity of their choice.This incentive is group and follow-up with a discussion in community service activities provided as an initial motivation to volun- of individual observations,comparisons •To offer alternatives to alcohol and teer;however,it is hoped that,once the with other experiences,challenges,and drug use students feel a part of the community, personal learning. they will continue to volunteer for the Description: Public recognition is provided to make intrinsic rewards. This initiative promotes environmental volunteerism more visible and to promote change as a means of reducing high-risk Two graduate assistants (GAs) determine participants’pride in their accomplish- behavior among students.Involving a wide community service projects in the area ments.A plaque hung in the student center variety of students and offering opportuni- surrounding the campus and match cam- lobby expresses appreciation for service ties for developing community within pus groups to these activities.Groups may projects and individually lists students and groups (such as residence hall floors and be organizations,classes,or residence hall the community organization for which academic classes),this volunteer project floors.To promote interest,GAs contact they volunteered. encourages formal and informal groups to residence hall staff,organization officers, Evaluation is conducted through imple- participate in community service activities. and class instructors;in addition,they mentation of a health risk behavior survey. Examples include building a playground post flyers on campus and place ads in Trends regarding substance use and for a day care center,painting a residential the campus newspaper to solicit volunteers violence are tracked,and correlation of facility for youth,and helping in organiza- for projects. results is monitored.The fact that virtually tions’fundraising.Through this process, To prepare groups for their activities, every individual who has volunteered has students have the opportunity to form a GAs meet with each group at least three asked to be included in future projects is community in which they can learn life times.Initial discussions include clarifying encouraging.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 242 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Talk Show for New State University of Students New York College at Geneseo

Contact: related to alcohol and sexuality.A five-hour by a brief slide show that examines social State University of training session regarding the power of messages about alcohol in popular New York College at Geneseo Enrollment:5,719 social norms to influence individual behav- advertisements and highlights statistics Public,Four Year Institution iors is held prior to the presentation for from the Campus Core Survey that illustrate Julie White, M.S. students who serve on the panel and for that most students on campus do not have Health Educator Orientation Advisors.The panel comprises unhealthy drinking attitudes and moderate Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook six students who demonstrate various their consumption of alcohol.The presenta- drinking patterns and experiences – two tion ends with an inspirational video Objectives: non-drinkers,two moderate drinkers,and called “Celebrate Living,”which challenges •To promote low-risk drinking behaviors two heavy drinkers,with a male and students to make a difference in their among students female in each of the classifications.One community.Following this large-group •To provide an opportunity for incoming of the non-drinkers is an adult child of presentation,the smaller groups engage students to discuss beliefs and behaviors an alcoholic,while one of the moderate in discussions led by Orientation Advisors. related to alcohol and sexuality drinkers has experienced a sexual assault Students talk about the issues raised and •To provide students with non-drinking while drinking.Each of the heavy drinkers more personal questions are addressed. and moderate-drinking role models has experienced negative consequences, Training prior to the presentation includes •To correct misperceptions about college including poor grades,relationship prob- five hours for students who serve on the alcohol norms lems,and unsafe sex.While the audience panel and instruction of Orientation is not informed of this until after the Description: Advisors in the power of social norms presentation,some of the students are A new student orientation program, to influence individual behaviors. playing roles while others are using their “College in the Raw:Students Speak Out,” real-life experiences. The program is consistently rated as one emphasizes the potential negative conse- of the top two presentations provided at quences of alcohol consumption.Using a Following the presentation,the audience orientation. talk show format,students sit on a panel asks questions and challenges many of and discuss their beliefs and behaviors the statements made.This is followed

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 243 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Targeting Sub-Populations Oakland University

Contact: Description: The most widely recognized “at risk” Oakland University The Counseling Center provides leadership student sub-group,Adult Children of Enrollment:13,600 Private,Four Year Institution and expertise to address the specific needs Alcoholics (ACOAs),is also served by a of sub-groups of students who are identi- support group.Students interested in Barbara E.Talbot,Ph.D. Coordinator fied by needs assessment activities and attending this therapist-facilitated group Substance Abuse Prevention Program other research methods as being “at risk.” are first interviewed by the group’s co- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook First-time violators of the university’s facilitators,and students suspected of alcohol policy attend an alcohol education having their own substance abuse Objective: program and must demonstrate a specified problems are referred for substance •To address the unique needs of level of awareness following completion. evaluation and/or counseling. sub-groups of students considered Individuals who are depressed are identi- to be at risk of abusing alcohol fied through publicity efforts.Support services are available for single/divorced mothers and gay/lesbian students.

Underage Drinking Task Force St.Louis University

Contact: Description: bar “specials”that encourage students to Saint Louis University In recent years,university staff and stu- drink heavily. Enrollment:11,243 dents have noticed a significant reduction Private,Four Year Institution Several outcomes have emerged from in underage alcohol use on campus;this Julie Saker,M.S. these discussions.Heavy drinking games reduction is accompanied by a concern Associate Vice President for have been eliminated by the bar owners, Student Development Programs that underage drinking in neighborhood and training programs for alcohol servers Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook establishments may have increased. have been enhanced to better identify false University representatives participate in identification cards. Objective: the city’s Underage Drinking Task Force, •To identify cooperative strategies to which consists of local bar owners and The university’s Study of Alcohol Incidents reduce heavy drinking city and state liquor control officials,and shows a 45 percent decrease in the number conducts discussions regarding student of violations over the past two years. drinking.The university emphasizes strict Anecdotal feedback from students indi- enforcement of the valid identification card cates that there is a reduction in students’ requirement,as well as the elimination of ability to use false identification cards at local alcohol beverage establishments.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 244 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Weekend Social Activities Middlesex Community College

Contact: Description: Club,Criminal Justice Club,and the Middlesex Community College In its implementation of alcohol awareness Association for Wellness and Related Enrollment:6,021 Public,Two Year Institution initiatives,the College has traditionally Education. emphasized weekday activities since all Judith Ramirez,R.N.,M.S.W. The kickoff weekend event,“Joey and students are commuters.These weekday Director Maria’s Wedding,”was held on campus on Alcohol,Other Drug & Violence activities have been well attended.In a Saturday and was sold out.The campus Prevention Program extending the program to weekends,the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook cafeteria was transformed into a wedding challenge is to influence student attitudes reception hall complete with a disk jockey, and behaviors through approaches that wedding cake,centerpieces,and a buffet Objectives: attract students and relate to their life •To provide opportunities for student- catered by the campus food service. experiences. planned programming Other events included a formal dance,an Weekend events are planned by a special •To positively influence students’percep- art auction with objets d’art brought in student advisory committee which tions of alcohol-free social activities from New York,a psychic fair,and a hypno- includes student representatives chosen tist.To reach the maximum number of because they represent a cross-section of students,the events alternate between the college population.Members are stu- the college’s two campuses. dents from the Activity Board,International

Southeast Community College – Wellness Program Lincoln Campus

Contact: Description: with the wellness coordinator,who pro- Southeast Community College – To accommodate scheduling difficulties, vides leadership and services.A credit class Lincoln Campus Enrollment:6,240 many activities are planned during lunch is offered on alcohol awareness,disease Public,Two Year Institution hour and class breaks.These wellness prevention,nutrition,stress management, Jara Carlson initiatives provide a variety of opportuni- and fitness.AWeb page is available to Wellness Coordinator ties for students and staff to enhance their share ideas of wellness programming. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook well-being.One approach is to have brown Linked to many health entities on the bag lunches with speakers in the cafeteria, internet,the Web page also promotes Objectives: another is to hold classroom presentations. campus activities. •To address the unique needs of vocational In yet another approach,the fitness center Attendance at the Wellness Center has and academic transfer students provides fitness evaluations,instructions, increased more than four-fold during the •To promote numerous wellness activities classes,and incentive programs.The four years of the program’s existence. Campus Wellness Committee collaborates

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 245 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Environmental and Targeted Approaches

Alternate Spring Break Athlete and Greek First Year Alcohol Course Student Strategies Maryville University of St.Louis Enrollment:2,273 Keene State College Miami University Private, Four Year Institution Enrollment:4,736 Enrollment:15,601 Pam Culliton,R.N. Public,Four Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Director of Health Center Jim Matthews Susan Vaughn Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Special Assistant to the Vice President Director Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Office of Judicial Affairs Objective: Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook •To offer students the opportunity for Objective: an alcohol-free Spring Break that is •To promote healthy choices among Objectives: service-oriented high-risk groups •To reduce risk for problems among first-year students Description: Description: •To facilitate conflict resolution and reduce Initiated with a federal grant,this strategy All new athletes and new affiliates of the acts of violence promotes an alcohol-free effort where campus fraternity and sorority system are students can “build friendships as they required to attend a one-credit course Description: help build a community.”The initiative is entitled “Alcohol and Personal Health,” This multi-faceted approach for first-year designed to provide students with a safe which is based on the On-Campus Talking students incorporates a needs assessment, Spring Break at an affordable cost,while About Alcohol Program.The Athletic a prevention curriculum,training of they are engaging in meaningful and fun Department is responsible for selecting prevention facilitators and peer mediators, activities without the use of alcohol or the dates,and coaches strongly encourage and awareness and information.The train- other substances.This program was initi- new players to participate.The presidents ing and awareness help students reduce ated in 1994;and,over each of the four of the fraternities and sororities have a their risk for alcohol problems by following years of the project,services have been self-imposed requirement that all new a systematic process.Students are encour- offered to“Habitat for Humanity.” members must attend the course.Offered aged to make whatever changes they Interested students participate in an one weekend each semester,students find most helpful to them. Peer educators interview and a selection process,followed receive academic credit through the and peer mediators work closely with by a group meeting which promotes team Human Services Department. university staff to model, teach,and building.Because of staffing constraints, facilitate appropriate and healthful work groups are limited to approximately behaviors and attitudes. 10-20 people.A contribution of $50 per person is requested to help cover the cost of materials.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 246 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Environmental and Targeted Approaches

Prevention Promoting Perspectives Newsletter Student Success

Indiana University – Bloomington North Adams State College Enrollment:35,063 Enrollment:1,729 Public,Four Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Nancy Riggert Charlotte F.Degen,M.Ed. Director Associate Dean of Students Alcohol/Drug Information Center Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: Objective: •To focus campus attention on successful •To heighten the university community’s students awareness of the Alcohol/Drug Information Center’s resources Description: Most of the students attending the institu- Description: tion are the first in their families to attend The Prevention Perspectives Newsletter college.A program was designed to help is published three times a year by the them understand the college experience Alcohol/Drug Information Center.The and to promote clear messages about newsletter promotes the center’s programs being successful at the institution. and services and is distributed to nearly Strategies focus on depicting desirable 1,000 individuals.It is targeted toward an images of students’lives:posters placed audience of Residence Life staff,student throughout the Campus Center illustrate leaders,academic deans,and unit directors. students in class,exploring new opportuni- Since staff from the Alcohol/Drug ties,and having fun.These images are Information Center present formal pro- selected for their value in expressing the grams only upon request,the center’s suc- productive aspects of college life.Also cess is related to publicizing the availability in the Campus Center is a Student of its resources. Achievement Lounge,where a list of current student achievers is displayed twice each academic term.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 247 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 248 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies PEER-BASED INITIATIVES

The value placed on students reaching other students with messages and include a high level of creativity and new ideas.They recom- and strategies is based on the belief that students hear alcohol mend a variety of approaches that include unconventional and fun abuse prevention messages best when they are delivered by their strategies,while incorporating an educational theme.They suggest peers.In this approach students serve other students as educators, an emphasis on the realities of student life,including promotion of a advisors,workshop leaders,course instructors and social event healthy lifestyle,as a peer-based approach to addressing alcohol planners,and in other roles that provide assistance to the campus. abuse.Included in the approaches are commitment statements, Peer-based programs are very popular and,in recent years,have individual reflection time,and peer education conferences.Others become increasingly common on campus. emphasize attention to students’own personal belief systems and the positive aspects of a balanced,healthy lifestyle. A large number of campuses have one or more student organizations for interested students.The BACCHUS/GAMMA Peer Education Audiences for peer programming are diverse and include the Network,a nationally based organization dedicated to peer educa- fraternity and sorority system,the athletic department,high-risk tion,offers training,resources,technical assistance,and publications, peers and first-year students.Other targeted peer assistance efforts as do other groups.Some campuses have a locally designed student are also presented and summarized in this section. group consisting of students in recovery from substance abuse and Topics include alcohol use and personal responsibility,low risk others have organizations that link and promote peer approaches. alcohol consumption,standard-setting,norms,accurate information, Others have extensive selection and training processes for the communication skills,policy issues and personal values.Related peer educators. topics for peers include alcohol’s relationship to acquaintance Peer-based activities include orientation programs,theater troupes, rape,other violence,STDs,and HIV/AIDS,family dynamics,and multimedia approaches,public service announcements,mocktail cross-cultural issues. parties,game shows,and various interactive presentations and dis- The staff interviews revealed that the implementation of peer cussion groups as part of peer health education courses.Innovative approaches is best served when adequate resources are forthcoming approaches include television programs and campus-wide town from throughout the campus.Collaboration with numerous campus meetings.Specialized community initiatives provide an enlightened departments,advising from faculty and staff,and support from the approach. administration and from student organizations are central to the Interviews with campus leadership personnel demonstrate that success of these efforts.The enthusiasm of staff members,as a peer-based initiatives are best served when they are student-run motivation to students,is central to these initiatives.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 271 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chemical Dependency Program Langston University

Contact: BACCHUS and SADD (Student Athletes radio and television stations,as Langston University Detest Drugs).Students sign a Statement of well as through coverage in the campus Enrollment:4,075 Public,Four Year Institution Commitment whereby they acknowledge newspaper.Also helpful to the success their agreement to conduct four presenta- of the program is its orientation toward William Price Curtis,Ph.D. Director tions to their peers during the academic student organizations,and there is some Professional Counseling Center term immediately after their training, involvement by Greek letter organizations Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook followed by another four presentations and other on-campus groups. during the next academic year.Extensive External funding has been successfully Objectives: training is provided by the Counseling obtained from the county surrounding the •To engage peers in the implementation Center’s Chemical Dependency Counselor. university.The externally funded projects of the campus life programs Peers receive 16 hours of training and must include Collegiate Athletes’Peer Education •To promote necessary levels of demonstrate an 85 percent accuracy rate Program (CAPE),and the ATOD/HIV/AIDS competence and commitment among on a knowledge test that follows the train- Peer Education Program.Funding received peer educators ing,after which their practice presentations through competitive grant application •To provide student leaders with an commence.Subsequently,students are processes allows for diversified experiences opportunity to demonstrate their assigned to on-campus organizations,and for peer educators and is positive recogni- leadership skills to their peers they select academic classes and special tion of their efforts. events as vehicles for their presentation. Description: As an HBCU (Historically Black The University’s Chemical Dependency The Counseling Center acts as a co-sponsor College/University),Langston University Program incorporates four distinct of various drug and alcohol educational makes a deliberate effort to ensure that components:Awareness and Information, programs with BACCHUS,SADD,and other the peer programs are delivered in ways Assessment and Evaluation,Support and campus organizations.These seminars, that promote the active participation of Intervention Services,and Peer-Based colloquia,and workshops emphasize peers the audience. Initiatives.Considered exemplary by the making presentations in conjunction with university’s faculty and staff,the peer- local professionals with expertise in the While the precise impact of the peer based initiatives offer a range of services chemical dependency arena. education program is not known, positive for students. inferences can be made based on presenta- Marketing of the peer-based programs and tion evaluations.Generally,the peer educa- The peer initiatives build upon the involve- special events is accomplished through tors’seminars have been well received. ment of two student organizations: bro a d c ast announcem e n ts on the univer s i t y’s

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 272 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Congress on Responsible Decisions Allegheny College

Contact: issues and to involve students in creating Evaluation of the ACCORD demonstrates Allegheny College solutions.The retreat strategy allows open that students overwhelmingly enjoy the Enrollment:1,425 Private,Four Year Institution discussion without the fear of peer rejec- caucus group meetings and the time spent tion or punishment by the college.To building relationships with the administra- Christa Edwards, M.S. Assistant Dean of Students determine who will participate,representa- tors.The proposals emanating from the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook tives of the College’s student government caucus group meetings are innovative nominate peers to attend.Other student and demonstrate enthusiasm.Participating Objectives: organizations are also invited to send students feel empowered to implement •To involve students in creating solutions delegates to the ACCORD.By using this the necessary changes.Follow-up activities to campus alcohol problems nomination method,attendance becomes include submission of articles to the cam- •To provide a forum for students,adminis- a privilege.Students who attend the pus newspaper by student participants, trators,faculty,and alumni to openly ACCORD are granted “immunity”to ensure on-going meetings in caucus groups,shar- discuss issues relating to alcohol complete honesty and an open discussion ing experiences with student organizations of alcohol issues. and peers,and implementation of a peer Description: education program.Questions addressed in The ACCORD (Allegheny College Congress Activities involve relationship building, the evaluation include: Are you satisfied on Responsible Decisions) uses a commu- large and small group discussions,and with your group’s conclusions? Are you nity-based approach to involve various time for individual reflection. During the satisfied your group’s conclusions could be campus constituencies in a discussion of activities,caucuses serve as opportunities put to good use? In what ways can you see the way alcohol affects their community. to identify specific action plans relating to the accomplishments of this Congress This two-day event brings together indi- issues chosen by the group;these include being put into use on Allegheny’s campus? viduals from various viewpoints to listen appropriate sanctions,role modeling, What did you personally get out of partici- to and discuss issues in a very informal and individual responsibilities,and methods to pating in this Congress? What would you relaxed atmosphere at an off-campus create a healthy social environment.These have done differently? What was the high retreat site. action plans are then presented to the point,and what was least interesting? larger group (the Congress) and a vote is The purpose of the program is to promote What wasn’t covered that you feel is taken to affirm their implementation. a new focus on and attention to alcohol important?

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 273 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fitness Feud Charles County Community College

Contact: Description: A game board to display the responses was Charles County Community College In preparing for the National Collegiate created.Students were recruited from other Enrollment:5,925 Public,Two Year Institution Health and Wellness Week,co-sponsored events during to week to prepare a large by the Southern Maryland Alcohol/Drug banner to serve as a stage decoration; Linda Smith,M.Ed. Project Manager Resource and Training (SMART)Center another student was selected to host the SMART Center/Safe Communities Office and the Wellness Center,one strategy is show.Four teams of five students partici- Published in 1996 Sourcebook to provide daily activities that promote pated in three rounds of the game,which the overall idea of wellness.A Fitness Feud, also included a playoff round.The teams Objectives: created in a game show format,serves as came from a business class,the Student •To identify student responses to questions a noontime activity in the campus center. Government Association and the African on alcohol and other health issues American Student Alliance. Prior to the event,student workers from •To provide daily activities which promote the Wellness and SMART Centers surveyed The response to the game was so positive personal wellness students to gather responses to the sur- that a team from the audience was vey’s 40 questions.These responses were recruited to play an extra round of the tabulated and the top four responses were game.In addition,the following day two selected for the game. faculty and staff teams were recruited to play a round.

Inside the ‘Zou University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: Description: the university’s Academic Support Center; University of Missouri – Columbia Acknowledging that it is historically diffi- equipment is provided at no cost.The Enrollment:22,136 Public,Four Year Institution cult to get students to attend prevention show is aired every Tuesday and Thursday programs,the ADAPT staff determined that evening following the end of one motion Kim Dude, M.Ed. Assistant Director Student Life it is important to reach students in their picture and prior to the beginning of the Published in 1996 Sourcebook own settings.Since many of the univer- next one. sity’s students watch TV,especially the Topics include issues such as designated movie channel,ADAPT seized the opportu- Objectives: driver programs,Alcohol Awareness Month •To increase the number of students nity to place an educational program activities,stress and HIV/AIDS issues. reached through prevention efforts between already scheduled movies. •To provide a valuable learning experience Volunteers manage an entertainment seg- On a weekly basis,students prepare a for students involved in the creation of a ment featuring a different residence hall. half-hour television show,which is aired television show This increases the number of students who during the upcoming week.Students are •To reach students with prevention view the show because of a desire to see responsible for writing,directing,editing, information through creative and friends on TV.To evaluate the success of the implementing and hosting each show.The unique approaches program,a telephone survey of randomly show is taped every Friday afternoon at selected students is conducted.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 274 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Lifestyle Information for Everyone Washington and Lee University

Contact: LIFE has melded the health education During training each LIFEr is provided with Washington and Lee University organizations and activities on campus into a resource and information notebook Enrollment:1,978 Private,Four Year Institution one comprehensive peer health education which is supplemented as new projects organization.LIFE utilizes strategies such as develop.Regular meetings and e-mail Jane T.Horton,M.D. Director of Health Services peer programs,peer role modeling,and communications from the leaders and Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook student advocacy to engage numerous support staff help keep LIFErs involved.LIFE constituencies on campus in working to uses posters,table tents,letters,student Objectives: change the campus culture. newspaper notices,campus cable channel •To promote healthy and responsible and radio station announcements,and list- Students become involved in LIFE through behavior by members of the campus ings in the monthly entertainment calen- a nomination,application,interview,and community dar and on-line campus events calendar as selection process.The rigor of this approach •To change unhealthy norms through vehicles for keeping others aware of its is important to the prestige of the pro- the use of peer education efforts.In addition,a newsletter (LIFELINE) gram.Marketing of LIFE’s efforts,including and a cable channel talk show promote the the use of a distinctive logo on all materi- Description: program objectives. Lifestyle Information for Everyone (LIFE) is als,helps promote respect for the program a student led organization whose mission among faculty,administration,and stu- Currently,attempts are being made to link is to promote responsible behavior.Trained dents.In materials provided to LIFErs, LIFErs and individual faculty members to volunteer peer health educators (LIFErs) expectations regarding commitment,confi- strengthen the ties between the faculty are actively involved in programming dentiality,judgment,communications,and and the students. related to substance,sexuality,and well- role modeling are communicated.Positions ness issues.Teaming with counselors in are available as student managers,group the residence halls,as well as with other leaders,group assistants,presentation organizations on campus,LIFErs lead director and assistant,and publicity discussions of these college life issues. director.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 275 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Men Against Violence Louisiana State University

Contact: opportunities for its members.While some faculty,staff,and the administration.The Louisiana State University members only attend meetings,others Community Action Team promotes policies Enrollment:27,000 Public,Four Year Institution contribute to the newsletter or are actively and programs as well as community serv- involved in programming efforts.All meet- ice initiatives.The Education Team conducts Luoluo Hong, M.P.H. Wellness Education Coordinator ings and programs are highly interactive informative seminars,sponsors lectures, Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook and rely on discussion and multi-media and holds discussion sessions to help gain techniques for maximum audience involve- a better understanding of violence,its Objectives: ment.In training the organization mem- causes,and its remedies.Educational pro- •To promote awareness of the prevalence, bers,emphasis is placed on developing gramming includes programs titled “Is causes,and consequences of violence facilitation and process skills to conduct Liquid Courage Getting You Into Hot •To educate students about violence open honest and interactive discussions. Water?”“Boozing and Brawling On prevention,including managing the Training retreats,open to members and University Campuses – Breaking the Myth use of drugs and alcohol non-members,take place several times of Masculinity,”and “What Every Woman •To promote violence reduction through each year.These retreats allow members to Should Know Before the First Home policy revision and cultural change examine in depth a broad array of topics, Football Game.”The SupportTeam provides including sexual assault,cultural compe- intervention and assistance to victims Description: tence,masculinity,sex socialization,anger of violence. Men Against Violence is a student organi- management,conflict resolution,leader- zation that represents several campus Funding for this non-profit student organi- ship,effective communications,and media constituencies working together to reduce zation comes from annual member dues, advocacy,as well as how each of these campus violence and promote low-risk product sales,and contributions from on- areas relates to substance abuse. alcohol consumption.Membership is open campus and off-campus sponsors.Included to all full-time undergraduate and gradu- Assisting the organization is an advisory among the on-campus sponsors are the ate students;staff,faculty,and graduates board consisting of representatives from the fraternity and sorority councils,residence may join as alumni members.Student faculty and staff.Representatives from the hall groups,student government,the members represent a wide variety of aca- Athletic Department,the Dean of Students Athletic Foundation,and the Health Center. Office,Residential Life,Police,Greek demic settings,ethnic/racial backgrounds, Evaluation of the organization’s efforts Affairs,Wellness,Mental Health Services, personal interests,and affiliations (such as indicates high receptivity;the collaboration Recreational Sports,College of Education, fraternities,athletics,and ROTC).While and membership of numerous on-campus and Academic Center for Athletes are membership is open to both male and constituencies have grown.The campus members of the Advisory Board. female students,the organization empha- police department reports a drop in all sizes the unique responsibility that men Strategies implemented by Men Against major categories of crime during the have to end violence and prevent sub- Violence emphasize four primary: recent academic year.The presence of Men stance abuse,and recognizes their greater Awareness,Community Action,Education, Against Violence on campus is cited as effectiveness in reaching other men. and Support (ACES).The Awareness Team a major reason for this drop in crime. As a volunteer service organization,Men presents the scope of violence within the Against Violence provides a range of university community to students,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 276 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Network of Student Organizations Louisiana State University

Contact: Acknowledging that there is a critical level”which represents 150 points.As Louisiana State University mass of students who support low-risk or the organization’s participation increases, Enrollment:25,317 Public,Four Year Institution non-consumption of alcohol,Student the “Gold level”of 300 points is reached Initiatives seeks to identify and empower followed by the “Bengal level”of 700 Nancy Mathews,Ed.D. Associate Director these individuals.The hope is that,through points.At the end of each semester,all LSU Student Health Center their participation in Student Initiatives’ member organizations receive certificates Published in 1996 Sourcebook activities,these individuals will be advo- at a reception sponsored by Student Initia- cates for campus-wide attitudinal and tives in coordination with the Office of Objectives: cultural changes in substance abuse norms. Student Organizations. •To heighten peer awareness and attitudes This approach provides a counteracting Through this process,the Super Board is about substance abuse force to the campus climate which has tra- responsible for recruiting student organi- •To build a sense of community and ditionally been one of excessive drinking zations.The Super Board places table mutual caring at the university and disrespect for self and others.Through displays and newspaper advertisements, •To promote healthful behavior participation in Student Initiatives,it is and participates in large-scale campus hoped that students will have a stronger Description: events,such as awareness weeks and sense of mutual caring and community. The Student Initiatives of the LSU Alliance wellness fairs. for the Prevention of Substance Abuse is To help organize these efforts,Student Active organization membership is meas- a network of organizations promoting Initiatives has a Super Board consisting ured by the submission of activities for substance abuse awareness.Each of the of 12 student representatives.This Super recognition by each organization.Currently, participating student organizations Board recognizes student organizations Student Initiatives has over 50 active sponsors events and activities such that promote substance abuse awareness. organizations,with 10 organizations as alcohol-free events and volunteer Organizations earn points through their eligible for certificates. activities,as well as formal and informal involvement.The baseline is the “Purple education about alcohol and drugs.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 277 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Brown University Longwood College Orientation Programs Lyon College Washington University

Contacts: orientation programs provide information present many aspects of university life Brown University about substance abuse and emphasize including alcohol use,misuse,and its Enrollment:7,174 Private,Four Year Institution healthy decision making.The PEERS,TEARS impact on sexual activities.The scenes are and CHEERS effort at Lyon College includes followed by a discussion facilitated by stu- Toby Simon,M.Ed. Associate Dean student-led sessions for new students dent leaders which use personal anecdotes Published in 1996 Sourcebook during the orientation program which and campus resources.Floor meetings in Longwood College is offered prior to the beginning of the residential units follow this activity. Enrollment:3,351 college experience.PEERS addresses the Brown University has established a Sexual Public,Four Year Institution impact that peers have on decision-making Assault Peer Education (SAPE) program to Susan Bruce, M.Ed. related to alcohol;TEARS outlines the vari- Coordinator enhance communication and healthy inter- ous legal consequences of underage alco- Wellness Center actions.The SAPE program uses peer edu- hol consumption and drunk driving,and Published in 1996 Sourcebook cators to conduct a mandatory orientation discusses the emotional consequences of Lyon College meeting entitled “Sex without Consent”for drinking.CHEERS focuses on appropriate Enrollment:624 all first-year students.An important aspect Private,Four Year Institution hosting and activities that can be done of the program on sexual assault is the Diane Ellis,M.A. without alcohol and emphasizes that it is discussion of alcohol and its relationship Director less painful to face one’s problems than to Counseling Services to dating violence,sexual abuse,sexual hide from them. Published in 1996 Sourcebook violence and miscommunication. Longwood College emphasizes peer role Washington University Training is an integral part of the prepa- Enrollment:11,655 models through several student-led initia- ration of the student leaders for their role Private,Four Year Institution tives.The SAIL (Students Actively Involved in facilitating these sessions at these Daniel R.Herbst,M.S. in Longwood) program begins with the Program Director colleges.Longwood College requires college’s original play“Listen to the Health Awareness in-depth semester-long training for all Silence,”which addresses the issues of Published in 1996 Sourcebook student leaders;Washington University drug and alcohol use and how it can supplements their training with discussion contribute to sexual assault.Student Objectives: guides.At Lyon College,student partici- Orientation Leaders initiate a discussion •To provide factual information and pants receive feedback from faculty and on alcohol use and sexual assault.They also promote dialogue on alcohol abuse and staff members who observe them perform perform skits about health choices and its consequences the program.At Brown University,people health problems to spark discussion during •To inform students about campus who are selected to become sexual assault the “To Your Health”panel.Further,alcohol- resources peer educators participate in an extensive free evening events use a virtual reality •To role model appropriate decision- 25-hour training in which they discuss the experience,casino games and a local making about alcohol issues many aspects of sexual assault and dating version of Hollywood Squares with alcohol- violence;they also evaluate themselves Description: related questions. and decide whether they feel ready to Acknowledging that a student’s early At Washington University,one orientation address such an emotionally charged and days on the campus provide an excellent program is entitled CHOICES 101.This is a difficult issue. opportunity to establish norms,campus series of short scenes or “blackouts”that

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 278 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Pathways to Freedom Jefferson Community College

Contact: it to request funding from the campus’ services.In order to encourage student Jefferson Community College Office of Student Services.Typically, participation,students can sign up for door Enrollment:10,301 Public,Two Year Institution Pathways to Freedom teams up with the prizes if they pick up literature.Information Student Support Services Program or the is contributed by local support groups, Luanne Whiteside,M.S. Counselor Disability Awareness Organization to service organizations,the public schools, Published in 1996 Sourcebook implement their campus-wide events.This treatment facilities and the American Lung helps to insure anonymity of Pathways to Association.Another sponsored activity is Objectives: Freedom members. the “Breaking the Chains Day,”which •To provide education on drug/alcohol focuses on celebrating personal recovery Since the college is an urban college with use involving peer educators in recovery issues.Students are encouraged to paint many non-traditional students,appropriate •To provide support for students in t-shirts;cut off a link of chain representing strategies are needed to meet the needs of recovery bad relationships,negative thinking,addic- the transitory student population. Students tive behavior,poor self-esteem and painful committed to the cause of substance abuse Description: personal experiences;and pick up literature Pathways to Freedom is a student group prevention provide opportunities for others on addiction, Al-Anon,children of alco- consisting of students in recovery from to learn about drug/alcohol issues. holics and related issues. substance abuse.Established as a student During the fall semester,student members Results of the projects suggest that the support group,the members recently sponsor “Red Ribbon Days”when students approaches used are very successful. Many obtained recognition as an official student hand out red ribbons and a variety of liter- students pick up literature and wear the organization.Receiving this recognition ature on alcohol,drugs,stress,depression, ribbons on campus. provides the organization with the Alcoholics Anonymous,and community necessary structure and legitimacy to allow

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 279 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Health Baylor University University of California – Irvine Education Course University of Utah

Contacts: students are commuters of non-traditional Counseling Department and the Health, Baylor University age and hold jobs,this approach is used to Human Performance and Recreation Enrollment:12,240 Private,Four Year Institution increase the connection that students feel Department. to the campus and to each other. Cassie Findley, M.S.Ed. The emphasis of these courses is in Director The University of California – Irvine offers application.At the University of Utah, Health Education and Wellness a four-unit class entitled Peer Health all students select a “service learning” Published in 1996 Sourcebook Education.While the syllabus includes project through which they can gain University of California – Irvine Enrollment:17,092 lectures and discussions on various health experience by working toward a “changing Public,Four Year Institution issues,students are asked to select a par- community.”The ways in which the stu- Marilyn Mendenhall,M.A. ticular health and wellness topic.Through dents address real community problems Health Educator participation in classroom lectures,dis- are documented on the transcript and Published in 1996 Sourcebook cussion groups and public speaking proj- reflected in the grade. University of Utah ects,students are encouraged to change At Baylor University,the class requirements Enrollment:25,226 their social environment. Public,Four Year Institution include outside meetings and presenta- Carol Geisler,Ph.D. At Baylor University,the course evolved tions.The peer educators address numer- Coordinator from a volunteer education project which ous topics including substance abuse, Alcohol & Drug Education Center presented information on numerous issues support services and resources,acquain- Published in 1996 Sourcebook in a creative interactive format.The class tance rape,eating disorders and HIV/AIDS. utilizes group facilitation as a learning Resources developed at the university Objectives: and presentation process and generates include two videos used as ice breakers •To provide students in an academic set- one-hour of community service credit. for presentations,and a helper’s guide; ting with knowledge and attitudes to designed by peers,the Student Outreach implement in their program with peers The approach used with these institutions Helpers Guide includes information on •To incorporate critical-thinking skills in is a collaborative one.At the University campus support services,alcohol and student participants of California – Irvine,staff from Health drugs,date rape,depression,and related •To facilitate attitude and behavior change Education manage academic accountabil- topics,complete with information, warning among student peer educators ity,the School of Social Ecology provides signs and symptoms,and referrals and academic credit,the Counseling Center staff resources. Description: provides adjunct faculty and various organ- Academic courses are prepared to provide izations provide speakers and resources. At the University of California – Irvine,Peer student peer educators with the knowl- In addition,advanced student Peer Health Health Educators present health talks and edge,attitudes,and skills necessary to be Coordinators serve as teaching assistants workshops to peers on campus and to effective in their programs. to lead discussion groups and to guide students in local high school.Academic At the University of Utah,a three-credit students in public-speaking preparations. assignments include a research paper,a course,Peer Educators for Community The University of Utah’s course involves the script of a conversation between college Action,is offered to train educators in an Alcohol and Drug Education Center,the students discussing a relevant health applied fashion. Ultimately,course planners University Counseling Center,the Office of issue,four public talks,a letter to the hope that students will feel better con- Health Promotion and the Womens editor,a public service announcement, nected to both the campus community and Resource Center.Collaborators in the Baylor and volunteer hours. the greater community.Since many of the University course are Health Services,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 280 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chapman University North Adams State College Peer-Based Workshops University of Illinois at Chicago

Contacts: ADEPT (Alcohol and Drug Education educators have first hand knowledge of Chapman University Prevention and Training) Program,stu- the consequences related to poor decision- Enrollment:3,285 Private,Four Year Institution dents’personal skills,prior experience and making.A central program of the PEER perspective on critical issues are assessed. educators is “Choice Points”;it emphasizes Dani Smith,M.A. Director These stars provide education through dif- the role of stress as well as personal PEER and Health Education ferent prevention formats:drama,media, responsibility,decision making,conse- Published in 1996 Sourcebook community service collaboration with quences,goal setting and the benefits of North Adams State College student groups and psycho-educational adopting a healthy lifestyle.While many Enrollment:1,638 presentations.The activities attempt to students are referred to the program Public,Four Year Institution create an environment where individuals through the university’s conduct system, Michael Goodwin,M.A. are aware of the personal and global Choice Points is also offered for student Coordinator ADEPT Program effects of the use,misuse and abuse of organizations,such as athletic teams Published in 1996 Sourcebook alcohol and drugs.Training topics include: and fraternity and sorority groups,as University of Illinois at Chicago Alcohol 101;The World Beyond These an educational tool emphasizing Enrollment:25,040 Campus Walls;Decisions,Decisions, risk management. Public,Four Year Institution Decisions;Educators versus Enforcer;What The Wellness Center at the University of Julie Koenigsberger, M.Sc. About Athletes?;Beer,Booze and Books; Director Illinois at Chicago is a sponsor of the WC The Cliff Notes of Physiology;Networking, UIC Wellness Center Campus Paraprofessional Program.A series Sexual Pleasure and Substances;and Angela Johnson,M.P.H. of programs is offered by trained peer edu- Women and Alcohol:Popularity, Health Educator cators,each of which emphasizes specific Published in 1996 Sourcebook Promiscuity and Pleasure.The responsibili- health issues.Alcohol-related workshops ties of the STARS include programming include:“How to Cure a Hangover and education and referrals.They are trained in Objectives: Other True Brew Facts”;this program looks •To promote student awareness of alcohol confidentiality,knowledge of helpful at how to drink responsibly,and includes and its effects resources and role modeling.STARS also tips,pointers and stories.The advertising •To provide students with opportunities to learn they do not offer counseling or care suggests that“the program is for students serve the campus community for inebriated students nor do they dictate who choose not to drink and for those who •To promote individual decision-making habits related to drinking or enforce the do.”The other alcohol-related program is regarding substance use college’s alcohol policy. entitled,“Friends Raping Friends:The Facts Description: The emphasis of PEER educators at About Acquaintance Rape,”and is identi- A common initiative in peer-based efforts Chapman University is to provide students fied as a “must see”program for first-year is found with peer education strategies. with opportunities to serve as well as to be students.Issues discussed in this program Students are trained to lead workshops on served.While they share information on include the effects of alcohol,tips on pro- alcohol and related issues and facilitate substance use and abuse,peer educators tecting oneself,the effects of rape and discussions. discuss the negative results of poor deci- available services in the area. The other sion-making.The PEER educators stimulate topics facilitated by the peer educators, North Adams State College’s peer leader discussion regarding alternative ways while not specifically emphasizing alcohol, team is called the STARS (Students Taking to handle the many complex issues that include a component discussing the Alcohol Risks Seriously) for which individu- students are faced with daily.One of the relevant effects of alcohol. als are recruited.Sponsored by the campus major strengths is that many of the PEER

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 281 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peervention Volunteer Program Mesa Community College

Contact: The most popular format for this peer- departments.In these target populations, Mesa Community College based,service-learning program is taking the PVs act as supportive role models to Enrollment:23,000 Public,Two Year Institution it for college credit.To receive one college students individually and in groups.They credit,a student volunteers 50 hours in assist with test anxiety,stress manage- Heidi-Christa Adams,M.S. Faculty Member service learning,two credits require 100 ment,time management,and self-esteem. Counseling Department volunteer hours,and three credits require During these mentoring sessions,the PVs Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook 150 volunteer hours.Upon entering the share their knowledge of the learning program,Peervention Volunteers (PVs) process,as well as of goal-setting sub- Objectives: select an area of interest in prevention for stance abuse issues in the promotion of •To increase awareness of drug and alcohol their research project.At the end of the student actualization and self-esteem. issues among peers first 50 hours of volunteer activity,each of The PVs also work in collaboration with •To integrate positive choices into the the PVs produces a paper or other report community groups and agencies,and they student’s lifestyle that illustrates his/her learning.In addition, team up with alumni PVs and new PVs to •To highlight the many opportunities he/she attends class for two hours each provide classroom presentations and dis- available for personal and academic week during the semester. cussion groups on prevention issues.The growth and development During the next 50 hours,leadership skills Peervention Volunteers have also devel- Description: are enhanced through participation in oped a 10-page booklet entitled “101 Based on the premise that people behave BACCHUS as well as the college’s Emerging Positive Choices Around Mesa Community in accordance with their own personal Leaders Program.Most PVs earn certifica- College.”These choices are activities such belief system,the Peervention Volunteer tion as peer educators from their BACCHUS as reading books,playing volleyball,adopt- Program (PVP) builds upon expectancies involvement.During the final 50 hours,PVs ing a pet,and getting involved in the and social learning theories.This program organize and implement substance abuse Peervention Volunteer Program. combines peer education,service learning, prevention events,which include informa- The program’s success is evidenced by an and leadership development with stu- tion sessions,spring break campaigns, increase in volunteer hours from approxi- dents’interests,talents,and goals.The awareness weeks,and red ribbon weeks. mately 500 hours per semester to over focus on healthy lifestyles,role modeling, The Peervention Volunteers serve the stu- 2,000 hours per semester,as well as by and the value of personal and academic dents,faculty,and staff,either individually some qualitative analysis focusing on the growth serves as the basis for helping indi- or through campus organizations.In addi- Peervention Volunteer’s experience in the viduals change and modify their behaviors tion,they serve three student target popu- program.The level of outcome expectations toward healthier lifestyles. lations in the academic disciplines of is peer driven and has increased over the Mathematics and Business,as well as other last several years.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 282 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S People Reaching Out to People Creighton University

Contact: Description: cross-trained in all of the topic areas. Creighton University The PROP (People Reaching Out to People) Training modules also provide a skeleton Enrollment:6,241 Private,Four Year Institution Peer Education Program involves 20 active structure that peer educators can cus- peer educators who conduct a variety of tomize to fit their style. Michele Millard,M.S. interactive presentations. Peer Education Coordinator A resource available for the class,as well as Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Any student,from freshman to graduate for the peer educators,is the office’sWeb student,who wants to become a peer site (its address is http://www.creighton. Objectives: educator takes a three credit class titled edu/PeerEd).This Web site offers informa- •To ensure that students have preventive “Introduction to Peer Education.”The tion on many of the topics for presentation. health information course emphasizes writing activities and Assistance has been provided from MADD, •To encourage students to make more requires ten journal entries,a small group state research organizations,community positive life decisions through interaction project,a community project,an autobio- groups,and The Century Council. with peer role models graphical paper,quizzes,and an exam. Evaluation ratings are high,with Upon completion of the training,each peer students expressing their satisfaction educator is prepared to make a presenta- with the program. tion to any group because students are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 283 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Specialized Community Jones County Junior College College Initiatives Walla Walla Community College

Contacts: Description: visits to treatment centers,AA and an edu- Jones County Junior College On a two-year college campus of com- cational component (which incorporates Enrollment:4,066 Public,Two Year Institution muter students,involvement in a student Al-Anon meetings). CODAA also sponsors a organization or club is beneficial. AtWalla 3-D Week (Prevent Drunk and Drugged Maureen Liberto,M.Ed. Assistant Director Walla Community College,the Student Driving) prior to winter and spring holiday Guidance and Admissions Wellness Education and Action Team pro- breaks.In addition, CODAA incorporates Published in 1996 Sourcebook motes substance-free lifestyles through curriculum infusion efforts. Walla Walla Community College both on-campus and off-campus activities. Community involvement is a helpful Enrollment:4,361 Because it is one of the most visible clubs Public,Four Year Institution aspect of these efforts at two-year col- on campus,its circle of influence continu- Christina Connerly leges.At Jones County Junior College, ally increases and the club welcomes other Program Coordinator CODAA members visit surrounding second- college clubs to assist with awareness. Published in 1996 Sourcebook ary schools and after-school programs to The Student Education and Action Team help with tutoring.Much of the focus of Objectives: also assists with the implementation of these presentations is upon self-esteem •To promote skills among students the Weekend Warrior Bashes and peer and confidence.Student approaches at involved in the substance-free lifestyle education training sponsored by Project Walla Walla Community College include organization Connect.Project Connect links students participation in RAWHIDE (Rodeo Athletes •To promote a positive campus to community and campus,promoting on Wellness);this organization promotes environment healthy lifestyle choices. an educational environment that reinforces healthy,responsible living among rodeo At Jones County Junior College,the Council student athletes. on Drug and Alcohol Awareness (CODAA) helps to promote healthy lifestyles.Diverse The emphasis in all of these activities is activities are planned and implemented on peer leadership as a central element in which reach a broad range of students. promoting a positive campus environment. Large-scale events are held which involve These student volunteers play a consistent the entire campus community;these and active part in the planning and imple- include Alcohol Awareness and Health Day, mentation of events on the campus. prevention of drunk and drugged driving,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 284 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student-to-Student San Diego State University

Contact: Description: home football and basketball games. San Diego State University Founded in 1988, Student-to-Student “Smart Tips”messages also appear on ban- Enrollment:28,559 Public,Four Year Institution encompasses awareness and information, ners and in the campus’daily newspaper. curriculum,peer-based initiatives,and Louise Stanger,M.S.W. Student-to-Student has also written and training.In addition to addressing the Program Director distributed nine handbooks,on a variety Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook needs of the university community, of health topics. Student-to-Student reaches out to the Objectives: surrounding community. These peer educators are well known for •To promote awareness of alcohol issues their presentations on numerous topics, The multi-media approach incorporates with members of the university and in including zero tolerance,responsible hospi- several strategies,each of which is written surrounding communities tality training,and alcohol abuse.Currently, and negotiated through the efforts of the •To reduce problems associated with Student-to-Student promotes team build- peer educators.Public service announce- alcohol use through multiple strategies ing and leadership skills through intensive ments are prepared for dissemination on learning adventures that teach team prob- the local television and cable station.The lem solving.Student-to-Student has also local radio station plays 30-second “Smart formed a coalition with the University’s Tips”recorded by the peer educators.The Business School and student government “SmartTips”are also displayed during the to create a Campus Cab Program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 285 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Wellness Organization Plymouth State College

Contact: Description: wellness.The organization provides a Plymouth State College The Occupational, Social, Spiritual, variety of programs for its members,which Enrollment:3,982 Public,Four Year Institution Intellectual, Physical,Emotional,and are open to the whole campus including Environmental (OSSIPEE) are the seven movie/game nights,band concerts,theme Michael Malikowski OSSIPEE President dimensions of the wellness model which night hikes,and speakers and perform- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook are emphasized by this student wellness ances on alcohol and related issues. organization.By promoting and enhancing Since OSSIPEE covers all aspects of well- these seven categories,OSSIPEE members Objectives: ness,the group does community service to •To encourage students to adopt a strive to convince the student body that increase awareness and promote goodwill. responsible,well-rounded lifestyle college life does not necessarily encompass Activities include working in the local soup •To enhance a personal wellness lifestyle a large social gathering.Organization kitchen,volunteering at a science center, and promote wellness throughout members attempt to promote the positive and donating time to clean up local facili- campus aspects of a balanced,healthy life style. ties.To advertise the organization’s efforts, •To promote awareness of available Officially recognized as a student organiza- messages are posted on the electronic mail alcohol-free activities tion,OSSIPEE has evolved from being an networking system and e-mailings are sent alternative to the social norm on campus to members. to one that promotes personal growth and development in the seven dimensions of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 286 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Services University of Rhode Island

Contact: knowledge and skills they need to be peer conflict management dealing with a University of Rhode Island educators.The RAM Choices Team,designed substance-abusing family member,and Enrollment:11,922 Public,Four Year Institution for student athletes,focuses on prevention, handling negative feelings,are conducted education,and support and addresses in a non-judgmental way using role plays, Peggy Sherrer Director the unique pressures associated with movies,games,humor,films,and small Office of Student Life competitive sports. group exercises.These workshops are Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook co-facilitated by trained student Awareness activities include “Matters of peer educators. Objectives: Substance,”a weekly column published in the student newspaper addressing current Student employees and interns are •To encourage each student to examine topics related to substance issues.An art the driving force behind most of the his/her personal pattern of drug and exhibit,titled “True Stories,”features pho- University’s successful projects.Students alcohol use tography done by student staff members frequently complete academic internships •To understand the psychological,interper- and quotes from stories about tragic and that focus on special interests,such as col- sonal and situational consequences of use painful incidents involving drugs and alco- lege student development,marketing,pub- •To prepare peer educators to give hol which are submitted anonymously by lic relations,graphic design,multi-media students the information and skills to members of the student body.To attract technology,peer education,research,and evaluate the choices they make students to events,social marketing fine arts.To help prepare the peer educa- Description: strategies are widely used.In addition, tors and staff to identify,and intervene This peer effort is the primary focus of the free food is offered at all events,and with,students who are experiencing campus’educational opportunities.“Drug prizes or raffles are often advertised.The problems with substance use,a technique Jeopardy”workshops provide students campus newspaper,voice mail system,and called “Motivational Interview”is used. with an exciting,entertaining,and educa- radio station provide information about This process helps an individual to explore tional way to learn about drug and alcohol upcoming events. all aspects of a given addictive behavior, use and abuse.Interested students may minimize resistance and determine In providing services to the campus,facili- enroll in a three-credit peer educator readiness to change. tators promote self-evaluation and skills course entitled Peer Education Training: development by participants.Workshops Evaluation is obtained by using Strategies for Reducing the Risks of on a variety of related topics,such as self-assessment questionnaires and infor- Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault.This communications skills,assertiveness, mation feedback sheets at workshops. course provides the students with the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 287 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Southwest Texas State University Utah State University Washington State Targeted Peer Assistance Villanova University University

Contacts: Description: the Peer Assistance Program is designed to Southwest Texas State University Institutions offer a series of peer-based facilitate awareness seminars as well as to Enrollment:20,889 Public,Four Year Institution approaches in an effort to involve peers provide follow-up and support for students and to provide a needs-based approach for working on alcohol and drug-related prob- Judy Row,M.Ed. Director distinct groups on the campus.Students lems.In addition,a peer-based program is Adept Center ma y be identified from specific orga n i z at i o n s offered for fraternities and sororities who Published in 1996 Sourcebook or may volunteer for targeted approach. create individual Greek Assistance Teams; five students are designated to become Utah State University Washington State University offers five Enrollment:20,371 part of a team for their particular organiza- peer mentoring programs as part of their Public,Four Year Institution tion.The team’s responsibility is to respond Peer Health Advocacy Network (PHAN). JoAnn R. Autry to individual members’alcohol/drug prob- Director Team CARE (Cougar Athletic Resource lems and to refer the individual for Office of Substance Abuse Enhancement) is offered for student education or counseling. Prevention/Education athletes;TGIF (The Greek Intervention Published in 1996 Sourcebook Framework) is organized for students from Southwest Texas State University empha- Villanova University the Greek system;Vet Med Peer Helpers sizes the Network as its broad-based peer Enrollment:10,735 Private,Four Year Institution incorporates students from the College education program.A primary target of Veterinary Medicine;CEAK (Cougars audience is Freshmen Welcome Week Janice Janosik,M.S. Encouraging Alcohol Knowledge) involves and seminar programs in an effort to Director Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance students from the BACCHUS chapter;and change their misperception that“everyone” Published in 1996 Sourcebook in SIRC (Sexual Inform at i o n / Re fe r ral Cen ter ) consumes alcohol.In addition,the Greek Washington State University students offer awareness programs on peer education program (GAMMA) includes Enrollment:19,314 sex u a l i ty - re l a ted issues.In sever al progra m s , ac tivities for fratern i t y and sorori t y member s . Public,Four Year Institution students are selected anonymously by their A central element for the peer-based John A. Miller,M.S.,M.Ed. peers bec ause of their listening and helping efforts is clearly defined role expectations. Counselor/Coordinator skills and potential as role models. Substance Abuse Prevention Program Villanova University specifies the responsi- Published in 1996 Sourcebook At Utah State University,Students Taking bilities as developing and presenting Over Prevention (STOP) provides informa- educational programs,collecting resource Objectives: tion and awareness on alcohol and drugs. materials that supplement these programs, •To provide appropriate personal assis- Student volunteers choose which of the serving as a role model and maintaining tance for individuals in specific groups teams best uses their individual strengths. confidentiality.Washington State •To identify and train individuals to serve Teams present information to audiences University’s student mentors are trained in as role models and helpers for their of athletes,fraternity/sorority members, helping skills (i.e.,active listening,problem respective peer groups judicially mandated students and residence solving,and referral) as well as problem •To encourage healthy decision-making by hall students.Other approaches include identification,intervention,referrals and individuals in the peer group setting improvisational theater,Prevention resources.They also receive training in Intervention Specialists (for students group facilitation as they provide educa- struggling with the demands of college tional outreach programs to campus living life) and workshops on substance abuse groups and classes. and related issues.At Villanova University,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 288 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Team Standard Setting Luther College

Contact: to send a memo to all coaches before their The final aspect of the meeting is the Luther College season starts to remind them to set up a selection of Student Athlete Mentors Enrollment:2,383 Private,Four Year Institution time for their team’s meeting.The team (SAMs).These individuals are responsible captains then meet with the campus for conducting educational programs for Sally H. Mallam,M.S. Chemical Health and Wellness Education Chemical Health and Wellness Educator to their teams,providing a referral service Published in 1996 Sourcebook discuss the meeting agenda which is pre- for student athletes and facilitating the pared specifically for the team based on its TSS meetings. unique needs.The captains discuss what Objectives: Following the TSS meeting,the standards •To clarify team expectations regarding the emphasis should be for the educational are written up and distributed to the entire alcohol segment of the meeting. team.The SAMs from each team take turns •To provide athletes with information The typical hour-long meeting begins with in preparing material for a bulletin board about alcohol and related issues introductions and an overview of campus and pamphlet rack located next to the •To acquaint athletes with campus-based and Athletic Department alcohol/drug varsity locker rooms. support services policies.It should be noted that the coach A major factor in TSS success is the fact is not present so that the team members Description: that it is facilitated by a professional from can feel free to discuss the topics.The edu- Team Standard Setting (TSS) was estab- outside the Athletic department.Second, cational segment includes topics such as lished at the college as a way of discussing the group of individuals helpful in imple- myths about drinking,physiological effects alcohol and drugs with the athletes.Each menting the effort is the coaches,as they of alcohol,alcohol poisoning and related athletic team must attend a TSS meeting inform the team of the time and date of issues.The captain shares standards from before the team begins practice. the TSS meeting.Third,the team captains the previous season and motivates the The first step of TSS is to make arrange- are critical for helping to plan and for team members to talk openly and honestly ments with the Assistant Athletic Director setting the tone of the meeting. about their standards for the season.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 289 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of California, Fordham University Santa Barbara Middlesex Community Theater Presentations Western Michigan University College

Contacts: Description: Western Michigan University’s initiative, University of California, The popularity of theatrical presentations “Great Sexpectations,”helps audiences Santa Barbara Enrollment:18,224 in addressing alcohol abuse issues is exem- explore myths and realities of sexuality and Public,Four Year Institution plified by the efforts of four institutions. enhances critical thinking and relationship Judy Hearsum,M.S. Each of these projects blends different skills to reduce substance abuse and Director components to enhance the effectiveness unwanted sexual experiences.Scenarios are Alcohol and Other Drug Programs of its theatrical approach.Typical among developed based on goals and objectives Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook these projects is the inclusion of a theatri- with a specific outcome of learning in Western Michigan University cal presentation during new student orien- mind.A faculty resource packet with Enrollment:26,537 tation in the summer or at the beginning reaction paper formats and interactive Public,Four Year Institution of the academic year.These sessions post-show learning activities has been Christine Zimmer,M.A. provide an opportunity for new students created to enhance critical thinking and Director of Health Promotion and to be influenced by the pro-health and communication skills. Education safety messages. The Student Life Action Players (S.L.A.P.) Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook At the University of California, Santa is a peer education team at Fordham Fordham University Barbara (UCSB),a performance of “The University that is facilitated through the Enrollment:13,909 Private,Four Year Institution Party”portrays students acting out Student Assistance Program.All skits are potential events at a college party.Prior to written and produced by the student Bill Trabakino,M.Ed. Director each performance,a large-group activity members for a specific audience and with Student Assistance Program assesses new students’perceptions of a specific topic.The players remain in char- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook health and safety realities at the university. acter after each skit so the audience can Middlesex Community College For example,students are asked to guess ask questions and offer advice. the percentage of UCSB students who Enrollment:6,021 Training and academic linkages are impor- Public,Two Year Institution choose not to drink alcohol. After each tant to these theatrical approaches.At Judith Ramirez,R.N.,M.S.W. performance small group discussion of Middlesex Community College,the mem- Project Director issues occurs. bers of “Matter of Fact”participate in a Alcohol,Other Drugs and Violence Middlesex Community College’s“Matter of 3-hour conflict resolution training program Prevention Fact”improvisational theater troupe per- to provide them with skills to lead discus- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook forms vignettes about alcohol abuse four sions and deal with the personal issues times each year in the cafeterias during raised by members of the audience.At Objectives: lunch time.Following the vignettes,the UCSB,students who serve as actors as well •To heighten students’awareness of the actors remain in character while the narra- as facilitators for the small group discus- impact of alcohol abuse on multiple tor circulates through the audience and sions receive extensive training through a situations encourages comments from the audience. two-credit sociology course.Western •To use a powerful presentation process to Performances are also offered during new Michigan University’s students receive a affect students’perceptions and behaviors student orientation to increase student one-credit practicum experience.S.L.A.P. awareness. members at Fordham University are thor- oughly trained in all issues presented.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 290 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fort Hays State University Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Theatrical Performances University of South Carolina

Contacts: variety of campus issues in a rapidly mov- trained student actors and has received Fort Hays State University ing series of skits.Topics include drinking as s i s t a n c e from faculty from the univer s i t y’s Enrollment:5,496 Public,Four Year Institution and driving,alcohol and date rape,suicide, Theater department in the past. AIDS and related health issues.This peer James F.Nugent,M.Ed. These theater groups appear in numerous approach helps raise awareness and pro- Coordinator settings both on and off the campus.La Drug Alcohol Wellness Network vides information through the use of Red has a traveling performance troupe Published in 1996 Sourcebook drama,humor and music. that works with students on the campus Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Enrollment:5,199 The Universidad del Sagrado Corazon and at other colleges,as well as with ele- Private,Four Year Institution employs La Red,a student group that uses mentary and high school students.It is Julio A. Fonseca, Ph.D. skits,songs and dance routines to bring their hope to model positive lifestyles Director alcohol,drug,and violence prevention for others.“Tiger By The Tale”presents its Center for Personal Development messages to its audiences.La Red means scenarios throughout the campus at open Published in 1996 Sourcebook “fisherman’s net”;and in this theatrical performances and in classroom settings, University of South Carolina process students extend their “net”to as well as through other faculty sponsored Enrollment:26,754 Public,Four Year Institution see how many drug- and alcohol-free approaches (such as interactive TV). students they can bring in. The focus of RisQue’Business enacts its scenarios on the Rick Gant,M.Ed. Coordinator these activities is on creative participation campus through groups such as Student Student Life Programs by students to promote wellness concepts Orientation,Freshman Seminar,Residence Published in 1996 Sourcebook to the entire campus community. Life and Health Services,and with commu- Ultimately La Red hopes to develop new nity groups to further promote their Objectives: social norms on the campus. proactive prevention message. •To increase awareness of alcohol and Fort Hays State University’s“Tiger By Funding of these initiatives comes through alcohol abuse issues The Tale”has students encourage peers to grants as well as payments for per- •To promote honest discussion on alcohol reflect on,talk honestly about,and develop formances.“Tiger By The Tale”collects abuse and its implications positive lifestyle choices.This theatrical performance fees to cover much of its •To encourage student involvement in approach presents scenarios on current annual budget.Other sources of income promoting a healthy personal lifestyle health issues,including alcohol and drug include the Student Government and healthy campus culture abuse,social relationships and verbal Association,alcohol tax grant from local Description: and physical abuse.The process of these government and residence hall room Campuses that use theater in their peer scenarios is one that elicits discussion grants.RisQue’Business has a video initiatives demonstrate a variety of among students. replication package available to assist approaches.The strategy of using live others who implement the process. Students involved in these theatrical performances engages both the student approaches may or may not be theater Results gathered from this process are actors and the audience in the issues majors.At Fort Hays State University, typically very positive.Program evaluations being addressed.The University of South students are selected because of their demonstrate high regard for this approach, Carolina’s initiative,RisQue’Business,is an commitment to a healthy lifestyle and particularly with the ways in which serious original live theatrical performance that has their ability to communicate with peers. information is portrayed and understood. been implemented for over seven years.A The Uni ve r s i t y of South Car olina incor por ates troupe of trained student actors addresses a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 291 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Wellness Program Bradley University

Contact: general programs for the entire campus dangers of alcohol abuse and driving under Bradley University occur each semester. the influence of alcohol. Other issues Enrollment:5,973 addressed by the Wellness Program are Private,Four Year Institution For students most concerned about living signs and symptoms of alcohol addiction, Melissa Sage-Bollenbach,M.A. in an alcohol-free environment,the confrontation skills needed to talk with a Wellness Program Coordinator Wellness Program sponsors Wellness Floors Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook friend with an alcohol problem,and in two residence halls.Students pledge to resource and referral information. remain alcohol and tobacco free,and par- Objectives: ticipate in a wide range of recreational Marketing is conducted through advertise- •To inform students of the effects of activities throughout the year. ments in the campus newspaper,flyers, alcohol use and its possible negative table tents,presentations during orienta- consequences The Wellness Program sponsors “I’m a Life tion sessions,and participation in the •To help students maximize their personal Saver”booth at which students sign a con- freshman class.Also sponsored by the and academic goals tract stating that they will not drink and peers is the Pop Tent where free non- drive nor let a friend do so.They receive a alcoholic beverages are provided from Description: paper “Lifesaver”on which they write their 10 p.m.to 1 a.m.in a public location. The Wellness Program,established in 1988, name;this is then displayed on a promi- Another media campaign is entitled “What promotes a campus environment where nent wall in the student center. appropriate educational programming is could you do with $6,000?”One subse- The Peer Educator Program is a significant conducted to help students enhance and quent flyer answers the question with factor in the success of the Wellness modify their behaviors.This program options such as buying a car,spending a Program.Peer educators are trained addresses concerns about underage drink- summer in Europe,or paying off loans. through a series of credit and non-credit ing and irresponsible drinking behaviors Another follow-up flyer says“What could classes;subsequently,they present infor- displayed by some students in the univer- you do with $6,000? Defend a DUI? $6,000 mation in the “The College Experience” sity community.Specific programs are is the average cost of defending a Driving class in which most freshmen are enrolled. focused on first year students,as well as Under the Influence charge.Think about The peer educators also give presentations members of fraternities and sororities; all that money BEFORE you get behind to fraternities and sororities about the the wheel.”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 292 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Peer-Based Initiatives

Clear Choices Recruitment for Statewide Peer Educator Membership Network Lafayette College Enrollment:2,050 Middlesex County College University of Nebraska at Kearney Private, Four Year Institution Enrollment:11,578 Enrollment:7,620 Cindy Adams,M.S. Public,Two Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Health Education Coordinator John R. Herrling,Ed.D. Maria Fritz Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Director REACH-UP Director Counseling and Placement Services Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objectives: Leslie Carter,M.A. •To promote alcohol-free activities during Counselor Objectives: Counseling and Placement Services the late evening •To promote student leadership skills in Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook •To encourage participation in alcohol-free peer education and conference organizing activities by using incentives and by Objectives: •To network with peer educators from having athletes as role models throughout the state •To promote involvement in alcohol/drug •To promote collaboration among diverse education among students who are student leaders and organizations Description: commuters and who work The Nebraska Peer Education Network Description: •To promote education information (N-PEN) is an annual student-led peer Clear Choices is an umbrella program throughout the college community education conference that has keynote designed to enhance the existing program- Description: speakers and workshops (e.g.,team ming efforts of various student groups building,program planning),and that Bec ause of their employm e n t com m i t m e nt s and to encourage individual student showcases peer education programs.A and com m u t er statu s ,st u d e n ts have limited participation.The steering committee for key element of the conference is also the time to commit to extra - c u r ricular acti v i t i e s . the program brings together student lead- networking with peer educators from Special effor ts are made,th e re fo r e,to invol v e ers from numerous student organizations colleges throughout Nebraska. them in the campus-wide alcohol educati o n to provide leadership,oversight,and act i v i t i e s .The Mid d l e s e x Alc ohol and Drug The conference is planned by the N-PEN planning activities. Edu c ation (MADE) Com m i t t ee wor ks in con - leadership team,which is composed of at The Clear Choices Program emphasizes the ju n c tion with the Peer Gui d a n c e Orga n i z at i o n least one student peer educator from each value of alcohol-free activities,with an (PGO) to prom o t e alcohol and drug awar e- member institution.The team members emphasis on athletic programs.A core ness and to disseminate inform at i o n serve on committees and/or hold offices. group of student athletes representing dif- th r oughout the cam p u s .The integ r ation of Funding comes from numerous state ferent varsity sports plans activities to gain MADE and PGO is implemented by a staff and local businesses and colleges visibility for the group and the program. me m b er who co- a d vises each of these and universities. gro u p s ,th e re b y assuring cont i n u i t y and coor - In addition to athletic activities,there Involving students in planning the confer- di n at i o n . MADE rec r uits students during the are educational programs and a student- ence directly contributes to its success. Stu d e n t Activities College Fai r ,held at the athlete mentoring program. beginning of the fall and spring acad e m i c Evaluation of the individual programs is term s .MADE also wor ks closely with student quite positive.The effect on student drink- leaders who hold offices on the Stu d e n t ing behavior is measured through changes Activities Boa r d.Alre a d y invol v ed in cam p u s recorded on the Core Survey. li f e,these student leaders help rec r uit other st u d e n ts bec ause their opinions are val u e d .

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 293 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 294 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies PEER-BASED INITIATIVES

The value placed on students reaching other students with messages and include a high level of creativity and new ideas.They recom- and strategies is based on the belief that students hear alcohol mend a variety of approaches that include unconventional and fun abuse prevention messages best when they are delivered by their strategies,while incorporating an educational theme.They suggest peers.In this approach students serve other students as educators, an emphasis on the realities of student life,including promotion of a advisors,workshop leaders,course instructors and social event healthy lifestyle,as a peer-based approach to addressing alcohol planners,and in other roles that provide assistance to the campus. abuse.Included in the approaches are commitment statements, Peer-based programs are very popular and,in recent years,have individual reflection time,and peer education conferences.Others become increasingly common on campus. emphasize attention to students’own personal belief systems and the positive aspects of a balanced,healthy lifestyle. A large number of campuses have one or more student organizations for interested students.The BACCHUS/GAMMA Peer Education Audiences for peer programming are diverse and include the Network,a nationally based organization dedicated to peer educa- fraternity and sorority system,the athletic department,high-risk tion,offers training,resources,technical assistance,and publications, peers and first-year students.Other targeted peer assistance efforts as do other groups.Some campuses have a locally designed student are also presented and summarized in this section. group consisting of students in recovery from substance abuse and Topics include alcohol use and personal responsibility,low risk others have organizations that link and promote peer approaches. alcohol consumption,standard-setting,norms,accurate information, Others have extensive selection and training processes for the communication skills,policy issues and personal values.Related peer educators. topics for peers include alcohol’s relationship to acquaintance Peer-based activities include orientation programs,theater troupes, rape,other violence,STDs,and HIV/AIDS,family dynamics,and multimedia approaches,public service announcements,mocktail cross-cultural issues. parties,game shows,and various interactive presentations and dis- The staff interviews revealed that the implementation of peer cussion groups as part of peer health education courses.Innovative approaches is best served when adequate resources are forthcoming approaches include television programs and campus-wide town from throughout the campus.Collaboration with numerous campus meetings.Specialized community initiatives provide an enlightened departments,advising from faculty and staff,and support from the approach. administration and from student organizations are central to the Interviews with campus leadership personnel demonstrate that success of these efforts.The enthusiasm of staff members,as a peer-based initiatives are best served when they are student-run motivation to students,is central to these initiatives.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 271 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chemical Dependency Program Langston University

Contact: BACCHUS and SADD (Student Athletes radio and television stations,as Langston University Detest Drugs).Students sign a Statement of well as through coverage in the campus Enrollment:4,075 Public,Four Year Institution Commitment whereby they acknowledge newspaper.Also helpful to the success their agreement to conduct four presenta- of the program is its orientation toward William Price Curtis,Ph.D. Director tions to their peers during the academic student organizations,and there is some Professional Counseling Center term immediately after their training, involvement by Greek letter organizations Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook followed by another four presentations and other on-campus groups. during the next academic year.Extensive External funding has been successfully Objectives: training is provided by the Counseling obtained from the county surrounding the •To engage peers in the implementation Center’s Chemical Dependency Counselor. university.The externally funded projects of the campus life programs Peers receive 16 hours of training and must include Collegiate Athletes’Peer Education •To promote necessary levels of demonstrate an 85 percent accuracy rate Program (CAPE),and the ATOD/HIV/AIDS competence and commitment among on a knowledge test that follows the train- Peer Education Program.Funding received peer educators ing,after which their practice presentations through competitive grant application •To provide student leaders with an commence.Subsequently,students are processes allows for diversified experiences opportunity to demonstrate their assigned to on-campus organizations,and for peer educators and is positive recogni- leadership skills to their peers they select academic classes and special tion of their efforts. events as vehicles for their presentation. Description: As an HBCU (Historically Black The University’s Chemical Dependency The Counseling Center acts as a co-sponsor College/University),Langston University Program incorporates four distinct of various drug and alcohol educational makes a deliberate effort to ensure that components:Awareness and Information, programs with BACCHUS,SADD,and other the peer programs are delivered in ways Assessment and Evaluation,Support and campus organizations.These seminars, that promote the active participation of Intervention Services,and Peer-Based colloquia,and workshops emphasize peers the audience. Initiatives.Considered exemplary by the making presentations in conjunction with university’s faculty and staff,the peer- local professionals with expertise in the While the precise impact of the peer based initiatives offer a range of services chemical dependency arena. education program is not known, positive for students. inferences can be made based on presenta- Marketing of the peer-based programs and tion evaluations.Generally,the peer educa- The peer initiatives build upon the involve- special events is accomplished through tors’seminars have been well received. ment of two student organizations: bro a d c ast announcem e n ts on the univer s i t y’s

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 272 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Congress on Responsible Decisions Allegheny College

Contact: issues and to involve students in creating Evaluation of the ACCORD demonstrates Allegheny College solutions.The retreat strategy allows open that students overwhelmingly enjoy the Enrollment:1,425 Private,Four Year Institution discussion without the fear of peer rejec- caucus group meetings and the time spent tion or punishment by the college.To building relationships with the administra- Christa Edwards, M.S. Assistant Dean of Students determine who will participate,representa- tors.The proposals emanating from the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook tives of the College’s student government caucus group meetings are innovative nominate peers to attend.Other student and demonstrate enthusiasm.Participating Objectives: organizations are also invited to send students feel empowered to implement •To involve students in creating solutions delegates to the ACCORD.By using this the necessary changes.Follow-up activities to campus alcohol problems nomination method,attendance becomes include submission of articles to the cam- •To provide a forum for students,adminis- a privilege.Students who attend the pus newspaper by student participants, trators,faculty,and alumni to openly ACCORD are granted “immunity”to ensure on-going meetings in caucus groups,shar- discuss issues relating to alcohol complete honesty and an open discussion ing experiences with student organizations of alcohol issues. and peers,and implementation of a peer Description: education program.Questions addressed in The ACCORD (Allegheny College Congress Activities involve relationship building, the evaluation include: Are you satisfied on Responsible Decisions) uses a commu- large and small group discussions,and with your group’s conclusions? Are you nity-based approach to involve various time for individual reflection. During the satisfied your group’s conclusions could be campus constituencies in a discussion of activities,caucuses serve as opportunities put to good use? In what ways can you see the way alcohol affects their community. to identify specific action plans relating to the accomplishments of this Congress This two-day event brings together indi- issues chosen by the group;these include being put into use on Allegheny’s campus? viduals from various viewpoints to listen appropriate sanctions,role modeling, What did you personally get out of partici- to and discuss issues in a very informal and individual responsibilities,and methods to pating in this Congress? What would you relaxed atmosphere at an off-campus create a healthy social environment.These have done differently? What was the high retreat site. action plans are then presented to the point,and what was least interesting? larger group (the Congress) and a vote is The purpose of the program is to promote What wasn’t covered that you feel is taken to affirm their implementation. a new focus on and attention to alcohol important?

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 273 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fitness Feud Charles County Community College

Contact: Description: A game board to display the responses was Charles County Community College In preparing for the National Collegiate created.Students were recruited from other Enrollment:5,925 Public,Two Year Institution Health and Wellness Week,co-sponsored events during to week to prepare a large by the Southern Maryland Alcohol/Drug banner to serve as a stage decoration; Linda Smith,M.Ed. Project Manager Resource and Training (SMART)Center another student was selected to host the SMART Center/Safe Communities Office and the Wellness Center,one strategy is show.Four teams of five students partici- Published in 1996 Sourcebook to provide daily activities that promote pated in three rounds of the game,which the overall idea of wellness.A Fitness Feud, also included a playoff round.The teams Objectives: created in a game show format,serves as came from a business class,the Student •To identify student responses to questions a noontime activity in the campus center. Government Association and the African on alcohol and other health issues American Student Alliance. Prior to the event,student workers from •To provide daily activities which promote the Wellness and SMART Centers surveyed The response to the game was so positive personal wellness students to gather responses to the sur- that a team from the audience was vey’s 40 questions.These responses were recruited to play an extra round of the tabulated and the top four responses were game.In addition,the following day two selected for the game. faculty and staff teams were recruited to play a round.

Inside the ‘Zou University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: Description: the university’s Academic Support Center; University of Missouri – Columbia Acknowledging that it is historically diffi- equipment is provided at no cost.The Enrollment:22,136 Public,Four Year Institution cult to get students to attend prevention show is aired every Tuesday and Thursday programs,the ADAPT staff determined that evening following the end of one motion Kim Dude, M.Ed. Assistant Director Student Life it is important to reach students in their picture and prior to the beginning of the Published in 1996 Sourcebook own settings.Since many of the univer- next one. sity’s students watch TV,especially the Topics include issues such as designated movie channel,ADAPT seized the opportu- Objectives: driver programs,Alcohol Awareness Month •To increase the number of students nity to place an educational program activities,stress and HIV/AIDS issues. reached through prevention efforts between already scheduled movies. •To provide a valuable learning experience Volunteers manage an entertainment seg- On a weekly basis,students prepare a for students involved in the creation of a ment featuring a different residence hall. half-hour television show,which is aired television show This increases the number of students who during the upcoming week.Students are •To reach students with prevention view the show because of a desire to see responsible for writing,directing,editing, information through creative and friends on TV.To evaluate the success of the implementing and hosting each show.The unique approaches program,a telephone survey of randomly show is taped every Friday afternoon at selected students is conducted.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 274 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Lifestyle Information for Everyone Washington and Lee University

Contact: LIFE has melded the health education During training each LIFEr is provided with Washington and Lee University organizations and activities on campus into a resource and information notebook Enrollment:1,978 Private,Four Year Institution one comprehensive peer health education which is supplemented as new projects organization.LIFE utilizes strategies such as develop.Regular meetings and e-mail Jane T.Horton,M.D. Director of Health Services peer programs,peer role modeling,and communications from the leaders and Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook student advocacy to engage numerous support staff help keep LIFErs involved.LIFE constituencies on campus in working to uses posters,table tents,letters,student Objectives: change the campus culture. newspaper notices,campus cable channel •To promote healthy and responsible and radio station announcements,and list- Students become involved in LIFE through behavior by members of the campus ings in the monthly entertainment calen- a nomination,application,interview,and community dar and on-line campus events calendar as selection process.The rigor of this approach •To change unhealthy norms through vehicles for keeping others aware of its is important to the prestige of the pro- the use of peer education efforts.In addition,a newsletter (LIFELINE) gram.Marketing of LIFE’s efforts,including and a cable channel talk show promote the the use of a distinctive logo on all materi- Description: program objectives. Lifestyle Information for Everyone (LIFE) is als,helps promote respect for the program a student led organization whose mission among faculty,administration,and stu- Currently,attempts are being made to link is to promote responsible behavior.Trained dents.In materials provided to LIFErs, LIFErs and individual faculty members to volunteer peer health educators (LIFErs) expectations regarding commitment,confi- strengthen the ties between the faculty are actively involved in programming dentiality,judgment,communications,and and the students. related to substance,sexuality,and well- role modeling are communicated.Positions ness issues.Teaming with counselors in are available as student managers,group the residence halls,as well as with other leaders,group assistants,presentation organizations on campus,LIFErs lead director and assistant,and publicity discussions of these college life issues. director.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 275 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Men Against Violence Louisiana State University

Contact: opportunities for its members.While some faculty,staff,and the administration.The Louisiana State University members only attend meetings,others Community Action Team promotes policies Enrollment:27,000 Public,Four Year Institution contribute to the newsletter or are actively and programs as well as community serv- involved in programming efforts.All meet- ice initiatives.The Education Team conducts Luoluo Hong, M.P.H. Wellness Education Coordinator ings and programs are highly interactive informative seminars,sponsors lectures, Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook and rely on discussion and multi-media and holds discussion sessions to help gain techniques for maximum audience involve- a better understanding of violence,its Objectives: ment.In training the organization mem- causes,and its remedies.Educational pro- •To promote awareness of the prevalence, bers,emphasis is placed on developing gramming includes programs titled “Is causes,and consequences of violence facilitation and process skills to conduct Liquid Courage Getting You Into Hot •To educate students about violence open honest and interactive discussions. Water?”“Boozing and Brawling On prevention,including managing the Training retreats,open to members and University Campuses – Breaking the Myth use of drugs and alcohol non-members,take place several times of Masculinity,”and “What Every Woman •To promote violence reduction through each year.These retreats allow members to Should Know Before the First Home policy revision and cultural change examine in depth a broad array of topics, Football Game.”The SupportTeam provides including sexual assault,cultural compe- intervention and assistance to victims Description: tence,masculinity,sex socialization,anger of violence. Men Against Violence is a student organi- management,conflict resolution,leader- zation that represents several campus Funding for this non-profit student organi- ship,effective communications,and media constituencies working together to reduce zation comes from annual member dues, advocacy,as well as how each of these campus violence and promote low-risk product sales,and contributions from on- areas relates to substance abuse. alcohol consumption.Membership is open campus and off-campus sponsors.Included to all full-time undergraduate and gradu- Assisting the organization is an advisory among the on-campus sponsors are the ate students;staff,faculty,and graduates board consisting of representatives from the fraternity and sorority councils,residence may join as alumni members.Student faculty and staff.Representatives from the hall groups,student government,the members represent a wide variety of aca- Athletic Department,the Dean of Students Athletic Foundation,and the Health Center. Office,Residential Life,Police,Greek demic settings,ethnic/racial backgrounds, Evaluation of the organization’s efforts Affairs,Wellness,Mental Health Services, personal interests,and affiliations (such as indicates high receptivity;the collaboration Recreational Sports,College of Education, fraternities,athletics,and ROTC).While and membership of numerous on-campus and Academic Center for Athletes are membership is open to both male and constituencies have grown.The campus members of the Advisory Board. female students,the organization empha- police department reports a drop in all sizes the unique responsibility that men Strategies implemented by Men Against major categories of crime during the have to end violence and prevent sub- Violence emphasize four primary: recent academic year.The presence of Men stance abuse,and recognizes their greater Awareness,Community Action,Education, Against Violence on campus is cited as effectiveness in reaching other men. and Support (ACES).The Awareness Team a major reason for this drop in crime. As a volunteer service organization,Men presents the scope of violence within the Against Violence provides a range of university community to students,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 276 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Network of Student Organizations Louisiana State University

Contact: Acknowledging that there is a critical level”which represents 150 points.As Louisiana State University mass of students who support low-risk or the organization’s participation increases, Enrollment:25,317 Public,Four Year Institution non-consumption of alcohol,Student the “Gold level”of 300 points is reached Initiatives seeks to identify and empower followed by the “Bengal level”of 700 Nancy Mathews,Ed.D. Associate Director these individuals.The hope is that,through points.At the end of each semester,all LSU Student Health Center their participation in Student Initiatives’ member organizations receive certificates Published in 1996 Sourcebook activities,these individuals will be advo- at a reception sponsored by Student Initia- cates for campus-wide attitudinal and tives in coordination with the Office of Objectives: cultural changes in substance abuse norms. Student Organizations. •To heighten peer awareness and attitudes This approach provides a counteracting Through this process,the Super Board is about substance abuse force to the campus climate which has tra- responsible for recruiting student organi- •To build a sense of community and ditionally been one of excessive drinking zations.The Super Board places table mutual caring at the university and disrespect for self and others.Through displays and newspaper advertisements, •To promote healthful behavior participation in Student Initiatives,it is and participates in large-scale campus hoped that students will have a stronger Description: events,such as awareness weeks and sense of mutual caring and community. The Student Initiatives of the LSU Alliance wellness fairs. for the Prevention of Substance Abuse is To help organize these efforts,Student Active organization membership is meas- a network of organizations promoting Initiatives has a Super Board consisting ured by the submission of activities for substance abuse awareness.Each of the of 12 student representatives.This Super recognition by each organization.Currently, participating student organizations Board recognizes student organizations Student Initiatives has over 50 active sponsors events and activities such that promote substance abuse awareness. organizations,with 10 organizations as alcohol-free events and volunteer Organizations earn points through their eligible for certificates. activities,as well as formal and informal involvement.The baseline is the “Purple education about alcohol and drugs.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 277 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Brown University Longwood College Orientation Programs Lyon College Washington University

Contacts: orientation programs provide information present many aspects of university life Brown University about substance abuse and emphasize including alcohol use,misuse,and its Enrollment:7,174 Private,Four Year Institution healthy decision making.The PEERS,TEARS impact on sexual activities.The scenes are and CHEERS effort at Lyon College includes followed by a discussion facilitated by stu- Toby Simon,M.Ed. Associate Dean student-led sessions for new students dent leaders which use personal anecdotes Published in 1996 Sourcebook during the orientation program which and campus resources.Floor meetings in Longwood College is offered prior to the beginning of the residential units follow this activity. Enrollment:3,351 college experience.PEERS addresses the Brown University has established a Sexual Public,Four Year Institution impact that peers have on decision-making Assault Peer Education (SAPE) program to Susan Bruce, M.Ed. related to alcohol;TEARS outlines the vari- Coordinator enhance communication and healthy inter- ous legal consequences of underage alco- Wellness Center actions.The SAPE program uses peer edu- hol consumption and drunk driving,and Published in 1996 Sourcebook cators to conduct a mandatory orientation discusses the emotional consequences of Lyon College meeting entitled “Sex without Consent”for drinking.CHEERS focuses on appropriate Enrollment:624 all first-year students.An important aspect Private,Four Year Institution hosting and activities that can be done of the program on sexual assault is the Diane Ellis,M.A. without alcohol and emphasizes that it is discussion of alcohol and its relationship Director less painful to face one’s problems than to Counseling Services to dating violence,sexual abuse,sexual hide from them. Published in 1996 Sourcebook violence and miscommunication. Longwood College emphasizes peer role Washington University Training is an integral part of the prepa- Enrollment:11,655 models through several student-led initia- ration of the student leaders for their role Private,Four Year Institution tives.The SAIL (Students Actively Involved in facilitating these sessions at these Daniel R.Herbst,M.S. in Longwood) program begins with the Program Director colleges.Longwood College requires college’s original play“Listen to the Health Awareness in-depth semester-long training for all Silence,”which addresses the issues of Published in 1996 Sourcebook student leaders;Washington University drug and alcohol use and how it can supplements their training with discussion contribute to sexual assault.Student Objectives: guides.At Lyon College,student partici- Orientation Leaders initiate a discussion •To provide factual information and pants receive feedback from faculty and on alcohol use and sexual assault.They also promote dialogue on alcohol abuse and staff members who observe them perform perform skits about health choices and its consequences the program.At Brown University,people health problems to spark discussion during •To inform students about campus who are selected to become sexual assault the “To Your Health”panel.Further,alcohol- resources peer educators participate in an extensive free evening events use a virtual reality •To role model appropriate decision- 25-hour training in which they discuss the experience,casino games and a local making about alcohol issues many aspects of sexual assault and dating version of Hollywood Squares with alcohol- violence;they also evaluate themselves Description: related questions. and decide whether they feel ready to Acknowledging that a student’s early At Washington University,one orientation address such an emotionally charged and days on the campus provide an excellent program is entitled CHOICES 101.This is a difficult issue. opportunity to establish norms,campus series of short scenes or “blackouts”that

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 278 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Pathways to Freedom Jefferson Community College

Contact: it to request funding from the campus’ services.In order to encourage student Jefferson Community College Office of Student Services.Typically, participation,students can sign up for door Enrollment:10,301 Public,Two Year Institution Pathways to Freedom teams up with the prizes if they pick up literature.Information Student Support Services Program or the is contributed by local support groups, Luanne Whiteside,M.S. Counselor Disability Awareness Organization to service organizations,the public schools, Published in 1996 Sourcebook implement their campus-wide events.This treatment facilities and the American Lung helps to insure anonymity of Pathways to Association.Another sponsored activity is Objectives: Freedom members. the “Breaking the Chains Day,”which •To provide education on drug/alcohol focuses on celebrating personal recovery Since the college is an urban college with use involving peer educators in recovery issues.Students are encouraged to paint many non-traditional students,appropriate •To provide support for students in t-shirts;cut off a link of chain representing strategies are needed to meet the needs of recovery bad relationships,negative thinking,addic- the transitory student population. Students tive behavior,poor self-esteem and painful committed to the cause of substance abuse Description: personal experiences;and pick up literature Pathways to Freedom is a student group prevention provide opportunities for others on addiction, Al-Anon,children of alco- consisting of students in recovery from to learn about drug/alcohol issues. holics and related issues. substance abuse.Established as a student During the fall semester,student members Results of the projects suggest that the support group,the members recently sponsor “Red Ribbon Days”when students approaches used are very successful. Many obtained recognition as an official student hand out red ribbons and a variety of liter- students pick up literature and wear the organization.Receiving this recognition ature on alcohol,drugs,stress,depression, ribbons on campus. provides the organization with the Alcoholics Anonymous,and community necessary structure and legitimacy to allow

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 279 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Health Baylor University University of California – Irvine Education Course University of Utah

Contacts: students are commuters of non-traditional Counseling Department and the Health, Baylor University age and hold jobs,this approach is used to Human Performance and Recreation Enrollment:12,240 Private,Four Year Institution increase the connection that students feel Department. to the campus and to each other. Cassie Findley, M.S.Ed. The emphasis of these courses is in Director The University of California – Irvine offers application.At the University of Utah, Health Education and Wellness a four-unit class entitled Peer Health all students select a “service learning” Published in 1996 Sourcebook Education.While the syllabus includes project through which they can gain University of California – Irvine Enrollment:17,092 lectures and discussions on various health experience by working toward a “changing Public,Four Year Institution issues,students are asked to select a par- community.”The ways in which the stu- Marilyn Mendenhall,M.A. ticular health and wellness topic.Through dents address real community problems Health Educator participation in classroom lectures,dis- are documented on the transcript and Published in 1996 Sourcebook cussion groups and public speaking proj- reflected in the grade. University of Utah ects,students are encouraged to change At Baylor University,the class requirements Enrollment:25,226 their social environment. Public,Four Year Institution include outside meetings and presenta- Carol Geisler,Ph.D. At Baylor University,the course evolved tions.The peer educators address numer- Coordinator from a volunteer education project which ous topics including substance abuse, Alcohol & Drug Education Center presented information on numerous issues support services and resources,acquain- Published in 1996 Sourcebook in a creative interactive format.The class tance rape,eating disorders and HIV/AIDS. utilizes group facilitation as a learning Resources developed at the university Objectives: and presentation process and generates include two videos used as ice breakers •To provide students in an academic set- one-hour of community service credit. for presentations,and a helper’s guide; ting with knowledge and attitudes to designed by peers,the Student Outreach implement in their program with peers The approach used with these institutions Helpers Guide includes information on •To incorporate critical-thinking skills in is a collaborative one.At the University campus support services,alcohol and student participants of California – Irvine,staff from Health drugs,date rape,depression,and related •To facilitate attitude and behavior change Education manage academic accountabil- topics,complete with information, warning among student peer educators ity,the School of Social Ecology provides signs and symptoms,and referrals and academic credit,the Counseling Center staff resources. Description: provides adjunct faculty and various organ- Academic courses are prepared to provide izations provide speakers and resources. At the University of California – Irvine,Peer student peer educators with the knowl- In addition,advanced student Peer Health Health Educators present health talks and edge,attitudes,and skills necessary to be Coordinators serve as teaching assistants workshops to peers on campus and to effective in their programs. to lead discussion groups and to guide students in local high school.Academic At the University of Utah,a three-credit students in public-speaking preparations. assignments include a research paper,a course,Peer Educators for Community The University of Utah’s course involves the script of a conversation between college Action,is offered to train educators in an Alcohol and Drug Education Center,the students discussing a relevant health applied fashion. Ultimately,course planners University Counseling Center,the Office of issue,four public talks,a letter to the hope that students will feel better con- Health Promotion and the Womens editor,a public service announcement, nected to both the campus community and Resource Center.Collaborators in the Baylor and volunteer hours. the greater community.Since many of the University course are Health Services,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 280 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chapman University North Adams State College Peer-Based Workshops University of Illinois at Chicago

Contacts: ADEPT (Alcohol and Drug Education educators have first hand knowledge of Chapman University Prevention and Training) Program,stu- the consequences related to poor decision- Enrollment:3,285 Private,Four Year Institution dents’personal skills,prior experience and making.A central program of the PEER perspective on critical issues are assessed. educators is “Choice Points”;it emphasizes Dani Smith,M.A. Director These stars provide education through dif- the role of stress as well as personal PEER and Health Education ferent prevention formats:drama,media, responsibility,decision making,conse- Published in 1996 Sourcebook community service collaboration with quences,goal setting and the benefits of North Adams State College student groups and psycho-educational adopting a healthy lifestyle.While many Enrollment:1,638 presentations.The activities attempt to students are referred to the program Public,Four Year Institution create an environment where individuals through the university’s conduct system, Michael Goodwin,M.A. are aware of the personal and global Choice Points is also offered for student Coordinator ADEPT Program effects of the use,misuse and abuse of organizations,such as athletic teams Published in 1996 Sourcebook alcohol and drugs.Training topics include: and fraternity and sorority groups,as University of Illinois at Chicago Alcohol 101;The World Beyond These an educational tool emphasizing Enrollment:25,040 Campus Walls;Decisions,Decisions, risk management. Public,Four Year Institution Decisions;Educators versus Enforcer;What The Wellness Center at the University of Julie Koenigsberger, M.Sc. About Athletes?;Beer,Booze and Books; Director Illinois at Chicago is a sponsor of the WC The Cliff Notes of Physiology;Networking, UIC Wellness Center Campus Paraprofessional Program.A series Sexual Pleasure and Substances;and Angela Johnson,M.P.H. of programs is offered by trained peer edu- Women and Alcohol:Popularity, Health Educator cators,each of which emphasizes specific Published in 1996 Sourcebook Promiscuity and Pleasure.The responsibili- health issues.Alcohol-related workshops ties of the STARS include programming include:“How to Cure a Hangover and education and referrals.They are trained in Objectives: Other True Brew Facts”;this program looks •To promote student awareness of alcohol confidentiality,knowledge of helpful at how to drink responsibly,and includes and its effects resources and role modeling.STARS also tips,pointers and stories.The advertising •To provide students with opportunities to learn they do not offer counseling or care suggests that“the program is for students serve the campus community for inebriated students nor do they dictate who choose not to drink and for those who •To promote individual decision-making habits related to drinking or enforce the do.”The other alcohol-related program is regarding substance use college’s alcohol policy. entitled,“Friends Raping Friends:The Facts Description: The emphasis of PEER educators at About Acquaintance Rape,”and is identi- A common initiative in peer-based efforts Chapman University is to provide students fied as a “must see”program for first-year is found with peer education strategies. with opportunities to serve as well as to be students.Issues discussed in this program Students are trained to lead workshops on served.While they share information on include the effects of alcohol,tips on pro- alcohol and related issues and facilitate substance use and abuse,peer educators tecting oneself,the effects of rape and discussions. discuss the negative results of poor deci- available services in the area. The other sion-making.The PEER educators stimulate topics facilitated by the peer educators, North Adams State College’s peer leader discussion regarding alternative ways while not specifically emphasizing alcohol, team is called the STARS (Students Taking to handle the many complex issues that include a component discussing the Alcohol Risks Seriously) for which individu- students are faced with daily.One of the relevant effects of alcohol. als are recruited.Sponsored by the campus major strengths is that many of the PEER

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 281 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peervention Volunteer Program Mesa Community College

Contact: The most popular format for this peer- departments.In these target populations, Mesa Community College based,service-learning program is taking the PVs act as supportive role models to Enrollment:23,000 Public,Two Year Institution it for college credit.To receive one college students individually and in groups.They credit,a student volunteers 50 hours in assist with test anxiety,stress manage- Heidi-Christa Adams,M.S. Faculty Member service learning,two credits require 100 ment,time management,and self-esteem. Counseling Department volunteer hours,and three credits require During these mentoring sessions,the PVs Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook 150 volunteer hours.Upon entering the share their knowledge of the learning program,Peervention Volunteers (PVs) process,as well as of goal-setting sub- Objectives: select an area of interest in prevention for stance abuse issues in the promotion of •To increase awareness of drug and alcohol their research project.At the end of the student actualization and self-esteem. issues among peers first 50 hours of volunteer activity,each of The PVs also work in collaboration with •To integrate positive choices into the the PVs produces a paper or other report community groups and agencies,and they student’s lifestyle that illustrates his/her learning.In addition, team up with alumni PVs and new PVs to •To highlight the many opportunities he/she attends class for two hours each provide classroom presentations and dis- available for personal and academic week during the semester. cussion groups on prevention issues.The growth and development During the next 50 hours,leadership skills Peervention Volunteers have also devel- Description: are enhanced through participation in oped a 10-page booklet entitled “101 Based on the premise that people behave BACCHUS as well as the college’s Emerging Positive Choices Around Mesa Community in accordance with their own personal Leaders Program.Most PVs earn certifica- College.”These choices are activities such belief system,the Peervention Volunteer tion as peer educators from their BACCHUS as reading books,playing volleyball,adopt- Program (PVP) builds upon expectancies involvement.During the final 50 hours,PVs ing a pet,and getting involved in the and social learning theories.This program organize and implement substance abuse Peervention Volunteer Program. combines peer education,service learning, prevention events,which include informa- The program’s success is evidenced by an and leadership development with stu- tion sessions,spring break campaigns, increase in volunteer hours from approxi- dents’interests,talents,and goals.The awareness weeks,and red ribbon weeks. mately 500 hours per semester to over focus on healthy lifestyles,role modeling, The Peervention Volunteers serve the stu- 2,000 hours per semester,as well as by and the value of personal and academic dents,faculty,and staff,either individually some qualitative analysis focusing on the growth serves as the basis for helping indi- or through campus organizations.In addi- Peervention Volunteer’s experience in the viduals change and modify their behaviors tion,they serve three student target popu- program.The level of outcome expectations toward healthier lifestyles. lations in the academic disciplines of is peer driven and has increased over the Mathematics and Business,as well as other last several years.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 282 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S People Reaching Out to People Creighton University

Contact: Description: cross-trained in all of the topic areas. Creighton University The PROP (People Reaching Out to People) Training modules also provide a skeleton Enrollment:6,241 Private,Four Year Institution Peer Education Program involves 20 active structure that peer educators can cus- peer educators who conduct a variety of tomize to fit their style. Michele Millard,M.S. interactive presentations. Peer Education Coordinator A resource available for the class,as well as Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Any student,from freshman to graduate for the peer educators,is the office’sWeb student,who wants to become a peer site (its address is http://www.creighton. Objectives: educator takes a three credit class titled edu/PeerEd).This Web site offers informa- •To ensure that students have preventive “Introduction to Peer Education.”The tion on many of the topics for presentation. health information course emphasizes writing activities and Assistance has been provided from MADD, •To encourage students to make more requires ten journal entries,a small group state research organizations,community positive life decisions through interaction project,a community project,an autobio- groups,and The Century Council. with peer role models graphical paper,quizzes,and an exam. Evaluation ratings are high,with Upon completion of the training,each peer students expressing their satisfaction educator is prepared to make a presenta- with the program. tion to any group because students are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 283 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Specialized Community Jones County Junior College College Initiatives Walla Walla Community College

Contacts: Description: visits to treatment centers,AA and an edu- Jones County Junior College On a two-year college campus of com- cational component (which incorporates Enrollment:4,066 Public,Two Year Institution muter students,involvement in a student Al-Anon meetings). CODAA also sponsors a organization or club is beneficial. AtWalla 3-D Week (Prevent Drunk and Drugged Maureen Liberto,M.Ed. Assistant Director Walla Community College,the Student Driving) prior to winter and spring holiday Guidance and Admissions Wellness Education and Action Team pro- breaks.In addition, CODAA incorporates Published in 1996 Sourcebook motes substance-free lifestyles through curriculum infusion efforts. Walla Walla Community College both on-campus and off-campus activities. Community involvement is a helpful Enrollment:4,361 Because it is one of the most visible clubs Public,Four Year Institution aspect of these efforts at two-year col- on campus,its circle of influence continu- Christina Connerly leges.At Jones County Junior College, ally increases and the club welcomes other Program Coordinator CODAA members visit surrounding second- college clubs to assist with awareness. Published in 1996 Sourcebook ary schools and after-school programs to The Student Education and Action Team help with tutoring.Much of the focus of Objectives: also assists with the implementation of these presentations is upon self-esteem •To promote skills among students the Weekend Warrior Bashes and peer and confidence.Student approaches at involved in the substance-free lifestyle education training sponsored by Project Walla Walla Community College include organization Connect.Project Connect links students participation in RAWHIDE (Rodeo Athletes •To promote a positive campus to community and campus,promoting on Wellness);this organization promotes environment healthy lifestyle choices. an educational environment that reinforces healthy,responsible living among rodeo At Jones County Junior College,the Council student athletes. on Drug and Alcohol Awareness (CODAA) helps to promote healthy lifestyles.Diverse The emphasis in all of these activities is activities are planned and implemented on peer leadership as a central element in which reach a broad range of students. promoting a positive campus environment. Large-scale events are held which involve These student volunteers play a consistent the entire campus community;these and active part in the planning and imple- include Alcohol Awareness and Health Day, mentation of events on the campus. prevention of drunk and drugged driving,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 284 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student-to-Student San Diego State University

Contact: Description: home football and basketball games. San Diego State University Founded in 1988, Student-to-Student “Smart Tips”messages also appear on ban- Enrollment:28,559 Public,Four Year Institution encompasses awareness and information, ners and in the campus’daily newspaper. curriculum,peer-based initiatives,and Louise Stanger,M.S.W. Student-to-Student has also written and training.In addition to addressing the Program Director distributed nine handbooks,on a variety Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook needs of the university community, of health topics. Student-to-Student reaches out to the Objectives: surrounding community. These peer educators are well known for •To promote awareness of alcohol issues their presentations on numerous topics, The multi-media approach incorporates with members of the university and in including zero tolerance,responsible hospi- several strategies,each of which is written surrounding communities tality training,and alcohol abuse.Currently, and negotiated through the efforts of the •To reduce problems associated with Student-to-Student promotes team build- peer educators.Public service announce- alcohol use through multiple strategies ing and leadership skills through intensive ments are prepared for dissemination on learning adventures that teach team prob- the local television and cable station.The lem solving.Student-to-Student has also local radio station plays 30-second “Smart formed a coalition with the University’s Tips”recorded by the peer educators.The Business School and student government “SmartTips”are also displayed during the to create a Campus Cab Program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 285 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Wellness Organization Plymouth State College

Contact: Description: wellness.The organization provides a Plymouth State College The Occupational, Social, Spiritual, variety of programs for its members,which Enrollment:3,982 Public,Four Year Institution Intellectual, Physical,Emotional,and are open to the whole campus including Environmental (OSSIPEE) are the seven movie/game nights,band concerts,theme Michael Malikowski OSSIPEE President dimensions of the wellness model which night hikes,and speakers and perform- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook are emphasized by this student wellness ances on alcohol and related issues. organization.By promoting and enhancing Since OSSIPEE covers all aspects of well- these seven categories,OSSIPEE members Objectives: ness,the group does community service to •To encourage students to adopt a strive to convince the student body that increase awareness and promote goodwill. responsible,well-rounded lifestyle college life does not necessarily encompass Activities include working in the local soup •To enhance a personal wellness lifestyle a large social gathering.Organization kitchen,volunteering at a science center, and promote wellness throughout members attempt to promote the positive and donating time to clean up local facili- campus aspects of a balanced,healthy life style. ties.To advertise the organization’s efforts, •To promote awareness of available Officially recognized as a student organiza- messages are posted on the electronic mail alcohol-free activities tion,OSSIPEE has evolved from being an networking system and e-mailings are sent alternative to the social norm on campus to members. to one that promotes personal growth and development in the seven dimensions of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 286 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Services University of Rhode Island

Contact: knowledge and skills they need to be peer conflict management dealing with a University of Rhode Island educators.The RAM Choices Team,designed substance-abusing family member,and Enrollment:11,922 Public,Four Year Institution for student athletes,focuses on prevention, handling negative feelings,are conducted education,and support and addresses in a non-judgmental way using role plays, Peggy Sherrer Director the unique pressures associated with movies,games,humor,films,and small Office of Student Life competitive sports. group exercises.These workshops are Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook co-facilitated by trained student Awareness activities include “Matters of peer educators. Objectives: Substance,”a weekly column published in the student newspaper addressing current Student employees and interns are •To encourage each student to examine topics related to substance issues.An art the driving force behind most of the his/her personal pattern of drug and exhibit,titled “True Stories,”features pho- University’s successful projects.Students alcohol use tography done by student staff members frequently complete academic internships •To understand the psychological,interper- and quotes from stories about tragic and that focus on special interests,such as col- sonal and situational consequences of use painful incidents involving drugs and alco- lege student development,marketing,pub- •To prepare peer educators to give hol which are submitted anonymously by lic relations,graphic design,multi-media students the information and skills to members of the student body.To attract technology,peer education,research,and evaluate the choices they make students to events,social marketing fine arts.To help prepare the peer educa- Description: strategies are widely used.In addition, tors and staff to identify,and intervene This peer effort is the primary focus of the free food is offered at all events,and with,students who are experiencing campus’educational opportunities.“Drug prizes or raffles are often advertised.The problems with substance use,a technique Jeopardy”workshops provide students campus newspaper,voice mail system,and called “Motivational Interview”is used. with an exciting,entertaining,and educa- radio station provide information about This process helps an individual to explore tional way to learn about drug and alcohol upcoming events. all aspects of a given addictive behavior, use and abuse.Interested students may minimize resistance and determine In providing services to the campus,facili- enroll in a three-credit peer educator readiness to change. tators promote self-evaluation and skills course entitled Peer Education Training: development by participants.Workshops Evaluation is obtained by using Strategies for Reducing the Risks of on a variety of related topics,such as self-assessment questionnaires and infor- Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault.This communications skills,assertiveness, mation feedback sheets at workshops. course provides the students with the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 287 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Southwest Texas State University Utah State University Washington State Targeted Peer Assistance Villanova University University

Contacts: Description: the Peer Assistance Program is designed to Southwest Texas State University Institutions offer a series of peer-based facilitate awareness seminars as well as to Enrollment:20,889 Public,Four Year Institution approaches in an effort to involve peers provide follow-up and support for students and to provide a needs-based approach for working on alcohol and drug-related prob- Judy Row,M.Ed. Director distinct groups on the campus.Students lems.In addition,a peer-based program is Adept Center ma y be identified from specific orga n i z at i o n s offered for fraternities and sororities who Published in 1996 Sourcebook or may volunteer for targeted approach. create individual Greek Assistance Teams; five students are designated to become Utah State University Washington State University offers five Enrollment:20,371 part of a team for their particular organiza- peer mentoring programs as part of their Public,Four Year Institution tion.The team’s responsibility is to respond Peer Health Advocacy Network (PHAN). JoAnn R. Autry to individual members’alcohol/drug prob- Director Team CARE (Cougar Athletic Resource lems and to refer the individual for Office of Substance Abuse Enhancement) is offered for student education or counseling. Prevention/Education athletes;TGIF (The Greek Intervention Published in 1996 Sourcebook Framework) is organized for students from Southwest Texas State University empha- Villanova University the Greek system;Vet Med Peer Helpers sizes the Network as its broad-based peer Enrollment:10,735 Private,Four Year Institution incorporates students from the College education program.A primary target of Veterinary Medicine;CEAK (Cougars audience is Freshmen Welcome Week Janice Janosik,M.S. Encouraging Alcohol Knowledge) involves and seminar programs in an effort to Director Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance students from the BACCHUS chapter;and change their misperception that“everyone” Published in 1996 Sourcebook in SIRC (Sexual Inform at i o n / Re fe r ral Cen ter ) consumes alcohol.In addition,the Greek Washington State University students offer awareness programs on peer education program (GAMMA) includes Enrollment:19,314 sex u a l i ty - re l a ted issues.In sever al progra m s , ac tivities for fratern i t y and sorori t y member s . Public,Four Year Institution students are selected anonymously by their A central element for the peer-based John A. Miller,M.S.,M.Ed. peers bec ause of their listening and helping efforts is clearly defined role expectations. Counselor/Coordinator skills and potential as role models. Substance Abuse Prevention Program Villanova University specifies the responsi- Published in 1996 Sourcebook At Utah State University,Students Taking bilities as developing and presenting Over Prevention (STOP) provides informa- educational programs,collecting resource Objectives: tion and awareness on alcohol and drugs. materials that supplement these programs, •To provide appropriate personal assis- Student volunteers choose which of the serving as a role model and maintaining tance for individuals in specific groups teams best uses their individual strengths. confidentiality.Washington State •To identify and train individuals to serve Teams present information to audiences University’s student mentors are trained in as role models and helpers for their of athletes,fraternity/sorority members, helping skills (i.e.,active listening,problem respective peer groups judicially mandated students and residence solving,and referral) as well as problem •To encourage healthy decision-making by hall students.Other approaches include identification,intervention,referrals and individuals in the peer group setting improvisational theater,Prevention resources.They also receive training in Intervention Specialists (for students group facilitation as they provide educa- struggling with the demands of college tional outreach programs to campus living life) and workshops on substance abuse groups and classes. and related issues.At Villanova University,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 288 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Team Standard Setting Luther College

Contact: to send a memo to all coaches before their The final aspect of the meeting is the Luther College season starts to remind them to set up a selection of Student Athlete Mentors Enrollment:2,383 Private,Four Year Institution time for their team’s meeting.The team (SAMs).These individuals are responsible captains then meet with the campus for conducting educational programs for Sally H. Mallam,M.S. Chemical Health and Wellness Education Chemical Health and Wellness Educator to their teams,providing a referral service Published in 1996 Sourcebook discuss the meeting agenda which is pre- for student athletes and facilitating the pared specifically for the team based on its TSS meetings. unique needs.The captains discuss what Objectives: Following the TSS meeting,the standards •To clarify team expectations regarding the emphasis should be for the educational are written up and distributed to the entire alcohol segment of the meeting. team.The SAMs from each team take turns •To provide athletes with information The typical hour-long meeting begins with in preparing material for a bulletin board about alcohol and related issues introductions and an overview of campus and pamphlet rack located next to the •To acquaint athletes with campus-based and Athletic Department alcohol/drug varsity locker rooms. support services policies.It should be noted that the coach A major factor in TSS success is the fact is not present so that the team members Description: that it is facilitated by a professional from can feel free to discuss the topics.The edu- Team Standard Setting (TSS) was estab- outside the Athletic department.Second, cational segment includes topics such as lished at the college as a way of discussing the group of individuals helpful in imple- myths about drinking,physiological effects alcohol and drugs with the athletes.Each menting the effort is the coaches,as they of alcohol,alcohol poisoning and related athletic team must attend a TSS meeting inform the team of the time and date of issues.The captain shares standards from before the team begins practice. the TSS meeting.Third,the team captains the previous season and motivates the The first step of TSS is to make arrange- are critical for helping to plan and for team members to talk openly and honestly ments with the Assistant Athletic Director setting the tone of the meeting. about their standards for the season.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 289 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of California, Fordham University Santa Barbara Middlesex Community Theater Presentations Western Michigan University College

Contacts: Description: Western Michigan University’s initiative, University of California, The popularity of theatrical presentations “Great Sexpectations,”helps audiences Santa Barbara Enrollment:18,224 in addressing alcohol abuse issues is exem- explore myths and realities of sexuality and Public,Four Year Institution plified by the efforts of four institutions. enhances critical thinking and relationship Judy Hearsum,M.S. Each of these projects blends different skills to reduce substance abuse and Director components to enhance the effectiveness unwanted sexual experiences.Scenarios are Alcohol and Other Drug Programs of its theatrical approach.Typical among developed based on goals and objectives Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook these projects is the inclusion of a theatri- with a specific outcome of learning in Western Michigan University cal presentation during new student orien- mind.A faculty resource packet with Enrollment:26,537 tation in the summer or at the beginning reaction paper formats and interactive Public,Four Year Institution of the academic year.These sessions post-show learning activities has been Christine Zimmer,M.A. provide an opportunity for new students created to enhance critical thinking and Director of Health Promotion and to be influenced by the pro-health and communication skills. Education safety messages. The Student Life Action Players (S.L.A.P.) Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook At the University of California, Santa is a peer education team at Fordham Fordham University Barbara (UCSB),a performance of “The University that is facilitated through the Enrollment:13,909 Private,Four Year Institution Party”portrays students acting out Student Assistance Program.All skits are potential events at a college party.Prior to written and produced by the student Bill Trabakino,M.Ed. Director each performance,a large-group activity members for a specific audience and with Student Assistance Program assesses new students’perceptions of a specific topic.The players remain in char- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook health and safety realities at the university. acter after each skit so the audience can Middlesex Community College For example,students are asked to guess ask questions and offer advice. the percentage of UCSB students who Enrollment:6,021 Training and academic linkages are impor- Public,Two Year Institution choose not to drink alcohol. After each tant to these theatrical approaches.At Judith Ramirez,R.N.,M.S.W. performance small group discussion of Middlesex Community College,the mem- Project Director issues occurs. bers of “Matter of Fact”participate in a Alcohol,Other Drugs and Violence Middlesex Community College’s“Matter of 3-hour conflict resolution training program Prevention Fact”improvisational theater troupe per- to provide them with skills to lead discus- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook forms vignettes about alcohol abuse four sions and deal with the personal issues times each year in the cafeterias during raised by members of the audience.At Objectives: lunch time.Following the vignettes,the UCSB,students who serve as actors as well •To heighten students’awareness of the actors remain in character while the narra- as facilitators for the small group discus- impact of alcohol abuse on multiple tor circulates through the audience and sions receive extensive training through a situations encourages comments from the audience. two-credit sociology course.Western •To use a powerful presentation process to Performances are also offered during new Michigan University’s students receive a affect students’perceptions and behaviors student orientation to increase student one-credit practicum experience.S.L.A.P. awareness. members at Fordham University are thor- oughly trained in all issues presented.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 290 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fort Hays State University Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Theatrical Performances University of South Carolina

Contacts: variety of campus issues in a rapidly mov- trained student actors and has received Fort Hays State University ing series of skits.Topics include drinking as s i s t a n c e from faculty from the univer s i t y’s Enrollment:5,496 Public,Four Year Institution and driving,alcohol and date rape,suicide, Theater department in the past. AIDS and related health issues.This peer James F.Nugent,M.Ed. These theater groups appear in numerous approach helps raise awareness and pro- Coordinator settings both on and off the campus.La Drug Alcohol Wellness Network vides information through the use of Red has a traveling performance troupe Published in 1996 Sourcebook drama,humor and music. that works with students on the campus Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Enrollment:5,199 The Universidad del Sagrado Corazon and at other colleges,as well as with ele- Private,Four Year Institution employs La Red,a student group that uses mentary and high school students.It is Julio A. Fonseca, Ph.D. skits,songs and dance routines to bring their hope to model positive lifestyles Director alcohol,drug,and violence prevention for others.“Tiger By The Tale”presents its Center for Personal Development messages to its audiences.La Red means scenarios throughout the campus at open Published in 1996 Sourcebook “fisherman’s net”;and in this theatrical performances and in classroom settings, University of South Carolina process students extend their “net”to as well as through other faculty sponsored Enrollment:26,754 Public,Four Year Institution see how many drug- and alcohol-free approaches (such as interactive TV). students they can bring in. The focus of RisQue’Business enacts its scenarios on the Rick Gant,M.Ed. Coordinator these activities is on creative participation campus through groups such as Student Student Life Programs by students to promote wellness concepts Orientation,Freshman Seminar,Residence Published in 1996 Sourcebook to the entire campus community. Life and Health Services,and with commu- Ultimately La Red hopes to develop new nity groups to further promote their Objectives: social norms on the campus. proactive prevention message. •To increase awareness of alcohol and Fort Hays State University’s“Tiger By Funding of these initiatives comes through alcohol abuse issues The Tale”has students encourage peers to grants as well as payments for per- •To promote honest discussion on alcohol reflect on,talk honestly about,and develop formances.“Tiger By The Tale”collects abuse and its implications positive lifestyle choices.This theatrical performance fees to cover much of its •To encourage student involvement in approach presents scenarios on current annual budget.Other sources of income promoting a healthy personal lifestyle health issues,including alcohol and drug include the Student Government and healthy campus culture abuse,social relationships and verbal Association,alcohol tax grant from local Description: and physical abuse.The process of these government and residence hall room Campuses that use theater in their peer scenarios is one that elicits discussion grants.RisQue’Business has a video initiatives demonstrate a variety of among students. replication package available to assist approaches.The strategy of using live others who implement the process. Students involved in these theatrical performances engages both the student approaches may or may not be theater Results gathered from this process are actors and the audience in the issues majors.At Fort Hays State University, typically very positive.Program evaluations being addressed.The University of South students are selected because of their demonstrate high regard for this approach, Carolina’s initiative,RisQue’Business,is an commitment to a healthy lifestyle and particularly with the ways in which serious original live theatrical performance that has their ability to communicate with peers. information is portrayed and understood. been implemented for over seven years.A The Uni ve r s i t y of South Car olina incor por ates troupe of trained student actors addresses a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 291 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Wellness Program Bradley University

Contact: general programs for the entire campus dangers of alcohol abuse and driving under Bradley University occur each semester. the influence of alcohol. Other issues Enrollment:5,973 addressed by the Wellness Program are Private,Four Year Institution For students most concerned about living signs and symptoms of alcohol addiction, Melissa Sage-Bollenbach,M.A. in an alcohol-free environment,the confrontation skills needed to talk with a Wellness Program Coordinator Wellness Program sponsors Wellness Floors Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook friend with an alcohol problem,and in two residence halls.Students pledge to resource and referral information. remain alcohol and tobacco free,and par- Objectives: ticipate in a wide range of recreational Marketing is conducted through advertise- •To inform students of the effects of activities throughout the year. ments in the campus newspaper,flyers, alcohol use and its possible negative table tents,presentations during orienta- consequences The Wellness Program sponsors “I’m a Life tion sessions,and participation in the •To help students maximize their personal Saver”booth at which students sign a con- freshman class.Also sponsored by the and academic goals tract stating that they will not drink and peers is the Pop Tent where free non- drive nor let a friend do so.They receive a alcoholic beverages are provided from Description: paper “Lifesaver”on which they write their 10 p.m.to 1 a.m.in a public location. The Wellness Program,established in 1988, name;this is then displayed on a promi- Another media campaign is entitled “What promotes a campus environment where nent wall in the student center. appropriate educational programming is could you do with $6,000?”One subse- The Peer Educator Program is a significant conducted to help students enhance and quent flyer answers the question with factor in the success of the Wellness modify their behaviors.This program options such as buying a car,spending a Program.Peer educators are trained addresses concerns about underage drink- summer in Europe,or paying off loans. through a series of credit and non-credit ing and irresponsible drinking behaviors Another follow-up flyer says“What could classes;subsequently,they present infor- displayed by some students in the univer- you do with $6,000? Defend a DUI? $6,000 mation in the “The College Experience” sity community.Specific programs are is the average cost of defending a Driving class in which most freshmen are enrolled. focused on first year students,as well as Under the Influence charge.Think about The peer educators also give presentations members of fraternities and sororities; all that money BEFORE you get behind to fraternities and sororities about the the wheel.”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 292 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Peer-Based Initiatives

Clear Choices Recruitment for Statewide Peer Educator Membership Network Lafayette College Enrollment:2,050 Middlesex County College University of Nebraska at Kearney Private, Four Year Institution Enrollment:11,578 Enrollment:7,620 Cindy Adams,M.S. Public,Two Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Health Education Coordinator John R. Herrling,Ed.D. Maria Fritz Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Director REACH-UP Director Counseling and Placement Services Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objectives: Leslie Carter,M.A. •To promote alcohol-free activities during Counselor Objectives: Counseling and Placement Services the late evening •To promote student leadership skills in Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook •To encourage participation in alcohol-free peer education and conference organizing activities by using incentives and by Objectives: •To network with peer educators from having athletes as role models throughout the state •To promote involvement in alcohol/drug •To promote collaboration among diverse education among students who are student leaders and organizations Description: commuters and who work The Nebraska Peer Education Network Description: •To promote education information (N-PEN) is an annual student-led peer Clear Choices is an umbrella program throughout the college community education conference that has keynote designed to enhance the existing program- Description: speakers and workshops (e.g.,team ming efforts of various student groups building,program planning),and that Bec ause of their employm e n t com m i t m e nt s and to encourage individual student showcases peer education programs.A and com m u t er statu s ,st u d e n ts have limited participation.The steering committee for key element of the conference is also the time to commit to extra - c u r ricular acti v i t i e s . the program brings together student lead- networking with peer educators from Special effor ts are made,th e re fo r e,to invol v e ers from numerous student organizations colleges throughout Nebraska. them in the campus-wide alcohol educati o n to provide leadership,oversight,and act i v i t i e s .The Mid d l e s e x Alc ohol and Drug The conference is planned by the N-PEN planning activities. Edu c ation (MADE) Com m i t t ee wor ks in con - leadership team,which is composed of at The Clear Choices Program emphasizes the ju n c tion with the Peer Gui d a n c e Orga n i z at i o n least one student peer educator from each value of alcohol-free activities,with an (PGO) to prom o t e alcohol and drug awar e- member institution.The team members emphasis on athletic programs.A core ness and to disseminate inform at i o n serve on committees and/or hold offices. group of student athletes representing dif- th r oughout the cam p u s .The integ r ation of Funding comes from numerous state ferent varsity sports plans activities to gain MADE and PGO is implemented by a staff and local businesses and colleges visibility for the group and the program. me m b er who co- a d vises each of these and universities. gro u p s ,th e re b y assuring cont i n u i t y and coor - In addition to athletic activities,there Involving students in planning the confer- di n at i o n . MADE rec r uits students during the are educational programs and a student- ence directly contributes to its success. Stu d e n t Activities College Fai r ,held at the athlete mentoring program. beginning of the fall and spring acad e m i c Evaluation of the individual programs is term s .MADE also wor ks closely with student quite positive.The effect on student drink- leaders who hold offices on the Stu d e n t ing behavior is measured through changes Activities Boa r d.Alre a d y invol v ed in cam p u s recorded on the Core Survey. li f e,these student leaders help rec r uit other st u d e n ts bec ause their opinions are val u e d .

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 293 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 294 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies TRAINING

Training emphasizes a variety of skills for students,faculty,staff Training can be offered to targeted student populations based on and campus leaders.Individuals learn how to deal with intoxicated the specialized needs of these groups.General alcohol skills training students and to intervene with students when it is believed they may also be conducted for numerous specialized groups,including have a problem with the use of alcohol. Issues of alcohol’s relation- residence hall students,users of the health center,fraternity and ship to violence,athletics,acquaintance rape and other related sorority members,athletes and those who violate campus policies. problem situations are covered in training programs designed to Certification of completion of the training is a supplementary option. address alcohol abuse on campus. Training is also designed for faculty and staff members.This training Another type of training is designed for those who serve alcohol.This might include identification of problem-drinking behavior or intoxi- training often includes information on how to verify a student’s age cation,skills for intervention and referral,and awareness of appropri- vis-`a-vis the legal minimum age for purchasing alcohol,and how to ate resources on campus.Faculty and staff are also trained in determine if a student is already intoxicated so that,in keeping with methods to increase students’awareness of alcohol-related issues. the law,he/she is not served more alcohol.Related training includes Residence life staff and students serve as important groups to tips on how to withhold alcohol tactfully from both underage and receive specialized training. intoxicated individuals,signs of acute alcohol intoxication,identify- Professionals report the importance of keeping training activities ing contributing factors,and emergency procedures.In addition to focused and realistic and conducting training in brief segments.They these,training content may include leadership skills,program emphasize the need incorporate current and accurate data into the planning,peer education,and workshop presentation skills. training syllabus.In addition,student involvement in the planning Other training prepares students to serve in a peer-to-peer and implementation of training,as well as in serving as recipients of approach,as counselors,advisors,presenters or resources.Peer edu- some of the training,is emphasized.Finally,these individuals cite the cators may implement workshops on a variety of issues,or they may importance of following up with individuals who have been trained. conduct segments of academic courses.Through this type of training the trainers,individuals may conduct workshops or training with campus organizations (with peers or other student groups) or community groups (such as elementary or high school groups).

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 295 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Acute Alcohol Intoxication Assessment Certification Program University of Connecticut

Contact: for Dealing with an Intoxicated Person in AAI and are cleared to complete commu- University of Connecticut Program.The program is available as a dis- nity service hours by working PARTYTime Enrollment:22,471 Public,Four Year Institution ciplinary referral option as well as for stu- Hour night shifts at the Student Health dents or student groups who are interested Services.The training is offered eight times Janice Roberts Wilbur,Ph.D. Coordinator in becoming certified. each semester,and additional training is Substance Abuse Prevention Program presented to clubs and campus living units The training incorporates interactive ses- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook upon request. sions within an overall content curriculum. Objectives: Participants are involved in demonstrations Indication of the success of this program and exercises,view a video,and discuss comes primarily from the positive reactions •To minimize harm,injury,or death information provided by the training team of the students who participate and the because of acute alcohol intoxication of undergraduate interns.Content includes groups requesting the training.Also,the •To minimize repeated alcohol intoxication defining acute alcohol intoxication,identi- night nurses at the Student Health Services occurrences fying contributing factors,signs and appreciate the assistance of the students Description: symptoms of acute alcohol intoxication, who are completing these community The Acute Alcohol Intoxication Assessment information on dealing with intoxicated service hours.In the one year that the (AAI) Certification Program is a training students,and a handout on ambulance training has been offered,almost 400 program developed by blending the PARTY charges.Students complete a 30-item students have become certified. Time Hours component of the HEART true/false test at the end of the training.If Program with Rice University’s Guidelines they pass the test,they are HEART certified

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 296 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Skills Training Program University of Washington

Contacts: (3) Identify personal risk factors (these by a psychologist and consists of two 45- University of Washington may contribute to the risk of developing minute sessions,one assesses a student’s Enrollment:33,719 Public,Four Year Institution alcohol-related problems and include drinking pattern and attitudes and the factors such as family history,history of other provides the student with feedback G.Alan Marlatt,Ph.D. Director behavioral problems or heavy drinking). about personal risk factors. Addictive Behaviors Research Center (4) Challenge the myths and positive alco- The ASTP is offered in four settings Deborah J. Costar, M.A. hol expectancies (students examine throughout the campus.First,the residence Assistant to the Vice President their beliefs about what they expect for Student Affairs hall alcohol educator is a half-time live-in to feel or experience as a result of Published in 1996 Sourcebook professional who provides ASTP within the drinking). context of the residence hall and addresses (5) Establish appropriate and safer drinking Objectives: issues of concern to the residents and staff. goals (moderation goals are encour- •To reduce alcohol consumption and Students who violate the residence hall aged for persons choosing to drink, alcohol-related problems policy are required to participate in a so that alcohol-related problems and •To teach skills and facilitate motivation two-session ASTP group. intoxication can be avoided). in moderating alcohol use (6) Manage high-risk drinking situations The second area is the Multimedia Description: (specific strategies are designed to Assessment of Student Health. First In collaboration with the Addictive maintain safer drinking goals and users of the health center interact with Behaviors Research Center,the University practiced with role play and homework a multimedia computer that assesses of Washington has adopted and implemen- activities). their drinking habits and screens for high- ted the Alcohol Skills Training Program (7) Learn from mistakes (this acknowl- quantity,episodic drinking. (ASTP) in a number of different settings. edges that mistakes often occur when Third is Project Dionysus,an initiative with This program is comprised of eight specific trying to change an old behavior). the fraternities and sororities.ASTP groups, elements and three modalities that have (8) Attain lifestyle balance (participants are provided for Greek houses upon request, been investigated by the faculty and staff. encouraged to establish and maintain a are tailored and presented either to the stable lifestyle by balancing what they The ASTP directly applies many of the entire membership or to the pledge class. have to do with what they want to do; central principles of relapse prevention The fourth aspect is the program for stu- they are encouraged to replace rigid to primary and secondary prevention. dent athletes,which is conducted in con- patterns with “positive addictions”). The strategies included are: junction with the intercollegiate athletics Three modalities are used:the Student (1) Identify high-risk drinking situations department.ASTP is provided to student Correspondence Course manual (a self- (whereby an individual identifies athletes periodically throughout the guided instructional manual);an Alcohol specific circumstances that correspond academic year. Skills Training Course (a six- to eight-week with heavy-drinking occasions). Scientific studies of ASTP have found that, course with presentations and discussion); (2) Provide accurate information about on average,participants who receive one of and the Brief Alcohol Strategies and alcohol (including short-term negative the three modalities report reductions in Intervention for College Students (BASICS) consequences,blood alcohol level, drinking and alcohol-related problems in (the briefest and potentially the most cost- metabolism,tolerance,gender comparison to control conditions at one effective method).BASICS is administered differences and drinking norms). year and two year follow-up times.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 297 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S University of Cincinnati Faculty Training University of Utah

Contacts: Description: Implementation of the workshops is University of Cincinnati Faculty training is designed to assist faculty varied:in some instances they are pre- Enrollment:28,758 Public,Four Year Institution members to reach students where they sented by faculty from local colleges and are.The University of Cincinnati and universities;in other cases they are pre- Melinda A. Piles,M.Ed. Program Manager the University of Utah demonstrate their sented by personnel from the campus’ Division of Fitness and Health Promotion acknowledgement that faculty are in a Alcohol and Drug Education Center. Published in 1996 Sourcebook unique position to reach students whose Resources complementing the training University of Utah primary involvement with the institution include a guidebook with referral indica- Enrollment:27,000 is in the classroom.This is particularly true Public,Four Year Institution tors for alcohol-related problems and per- of commuter schools where many students Jeff Soder, M.Ed. sonal problems,how and when to assist, with personal or social needs may not Program Specialist the faculty role,local resources,the nature make it to the appropriate services unit Alcohol & Drug Education Center of the problem and prevention initiatives. Published in 1996 Sourcebook on the campus and thus they“fall through Recruitment for the training is handled in the cracks.”The University of Cincinnati, a a variety of ways;the academic dean, commuter campus,has implemented a Objectives: through involvement with department •To assist faculty in identifying and program entitled “Retaining the Fragile heads,is particularly helpful. At the responding to student alcohol abuse Student.”In a similar way,the University University of Utah,the workshop is adver- •To increase faculty members’comfort of Utah has implemented “Partners in tised in the campus newspaper and a and confidence in addressing alcohol Prevention”(PIP).The emphasis of these faculty and staff newsletter; fliers are also abuse issues faculty-based efforts is in training faculty mailed directly to faculty members.In •To address educational and social needs to identify and refer students with alcohol addition,the PIP program asks prior partic- of students and thus to have a positive treatment needs. ipants for the names of fellow faculty effect on the educational process Training at the University of Cincinnati members who might be interested in the is focused on four small group sessions: training.An additional resource is a list of Helping a Student to get Counseling; the names of faculty members who have Listening Skills;Empathy versus Enabling; received this specialized training presented and Risks and Liabilities of Engaging in a brochure that is distributed throughout Students.At the University of Utah,training the campus annually. emphasizes how to identify students Evidence of success is an increase in knowl- abusing alcohol,how to intervene and how edge of substance abuse,intervention to help students find appropriate resources. techniques and resources.Qualitative This PIP training workshop is offered assessments reveal an overall satisfaction twice during each academic term. with the program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 298 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Natural Helpers Program Northwestern University

Contacts: of intervening;to make participants aware Integral to this initiative is an assessment Northwestern University of available resources;and to help them of volunteers’perceptions that is conducted Enrollment:14,014 Private,Four Year Institution gain the skills necessary to assist someone prior to the first training and then con- with a problem. ducted annually with the same individuals. Sandra Derks, M.S. Content of the assessment includes Co-Director Health Education Training is offered in three stages.The awareness of university policies on Annann Hong,M.P.H. first stage is designed to provide adequate Alcohol Substance Abuse Educator substance use,intervention and services, knowledge and skills and includes four 2- Published in 1996 Sourcebook faculty and staff involvement,knowledge, hour sessions.The role of natural helpers, comfort level,and perception of student data for the campus and its climate,psy- Objectives: substance use prevalence.Faculty and chological and physiological consequences •To train faculty and staff to serve as staff members who participate also com- of drinking and drug use,skills to serve as natural helpers plete evaluation forms following each of natural helpers (including establishing and •To institutionalize resources to help the training programs. maintaining trust),problem identification students academically and socially and how the university handles referrals Documentation provided to the natural Description: are covered in these sessions. helpers includes a training manual, contact The Natural Helpers training program at sheet and information about curriculum During the second stage,three 3-hour Northwestern University is sponsored by infusion strategies.In addition,natural sessions are offered;these emphasize inter- the Alcohol/Substance Abuse Education helpers receive information about the vention processes and skills,denial,ACOA Department.The program involves volun- variety of approaches used by the Alco- issues,treatment and recovery processes teers who are faculty or staff members hol/Substance Abuse Education and support systems.Stage three of the from throughout the university community Department in campus prevention efforts. training is offered as a series of 1-hour and offers training at each of the two The evidence of success is that to this date brown bag lunches held throughout the locations of the campus (Evanston and 68 individuals have completed stage one academic year.Topics included are role Chicago).The intent of the training pro- and 28 faculty and staff have graduated plays,depression and suicide,counseling gram is to help participants to understand from stage two. skills,eating disorders,support meetings the progressive nature of substance abuse and a student panel. and addicti o n s ; to emphasize the import a n c e

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 299 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Health Educators Clemson University

Contacts: and other health-related topics.New peer Two full-time health educators advise the Clemson University educators also learn the formats of the graduate assistants and the peer health Enrollment:17,500 Public,Four Year Institution programs that are offered to the public. educators.The content of the training and courses includes extensive acquaintance Bill Purkerson,M.Ed. Over 100 programs are offered by these with the outline to be used by the peer Health Educator certified peer health educators each health educators.For example,the outline Parvin Lewis, M.A. semester.Topics on alcohol issues include Director of Health Education of the session “About Alcohol”contains an “Finding Out”(which addresses stereotypi- Published in 1996 Sourcebook introduction,a quiz,a videotape,a review cal college drinking behaviors),as well as of the quiz and proper responses,and a the differences between responsible low- Objectives: discussion about low-risk drinking.The risk drinking and high-risk drinking. •To prepare students to present programs program “Frisky Business”begins with an Another program is “I Have a Friend Who...” on health issues introduction and is followed by research which helps individuals understand a •To develop the instructional information information linking acquaintance rape friend’s behavior as well as the enabling for the programs to be presented by peer and intoxication.Rape and substance behaviors of others.“Hollywood High” health educators abuse information is also included as are presents issues for student athletes,while misperceptions and miscommunications. Description: “Adult Children of the Addicted”empha- Conclusions and closure wrap up the cou r s e . Peer Health Education is a student organ- sizes the needs of the family and describes ization sponsored by the university’s health intervention and treatment issues.“Frisky The Peer Health Educators program has center.Each peer educator is required to Business”provides information about the been operational since 1989,and the attend an intensive training session and to relationship between alcohol and emphasis on students educating students take a semester long class (three credit unwanted sex.The program “About is well received on the campus.In the fall hours) to be certified by the health center Alcohol”examines basic information and of 1995 over 2,500 students were reached as a peer health educator.During the defines low- and high-risk drinking, through the programs offered. class,students learn about alcohol,drugs, so that low-risk drinking decisions can sexually transmitted diseases,eating be made. disorders,stress management,depression

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 300 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Ashland University Student Athlete Initiatives Bryant College

Contacts: These athlete-focused initiatives build Additional responsibilities for those Ashland University upon similar foundations and highlight the selected as mentors or facilitators include Enrollment:5,823 Private,Four Year Institution unique needs and issues of athletes,as well maintaining a non-judgmental confidential as the different needs of the various ath- atmosphere,sharing information on Pat Brereton,R.N.C. Director letic teams.Part of this particular focus are referrals with appropriate college Student Health Center the time demands and the schedules of the resources,maintaining access to educa- Published in 1996 Sourcebook teams;thus,it makes sense to have an indi- tional materials and serving as role models. Bryant College vidual program focused solely on athletes. Bryant College maintains a facilitator con- Enrollment:3,450 At Ashland University,each athletic team tract,whereby individuals state their inten- Private,Four Year Institution selects one to three student mentors,who tion to become aware of campus resources, Doris Helmich,M.Ed. then become trained in health-related attend meetings and training sessions, Health Educator Published in 1996 Sourcebook areas.These individuals present informa- and serve in a professional capacity with tion to their respective teams.Each mentor their teams. is familiar with the unique needs of his or Objectives: Implementing the program at Ashland her teammates and addresses those rele- •To provide athletes with health-related University was facilitated by the atten- vant issues.Bryant College also trains stu- information dance at the A.P.P.L.E.(Athletic Prevention dent facilitators to implement workshops •To decrease athletes’drinking and to Programming and Leadership Education) for athletic teams.The emphasis of these provide support to non-drinking athletes conference,which was sponsored by the workshops is to address norms associated •To assist athletes in their role as leader University of Virginia in 1992,of individuals with the use of alcohol.Team members, and model for others from Ashland’s health center and athletic through a non-threatening approach,are •To build upon the peer-to-peer concept department,and student peers. encouraged to develop norms that support in reaching student athletes Adaptations of the “Our Chapter-Our an alcohol-free environment. •To establish an environment that results Choice”workshop for fraternities and in reduced substance abuse and associ- Ongoing support for the trained facilitators sororities served as the foundation for ated negative consequences is an essential ingredient for program the Bryant College initiative. implementation.Bryant College has weekly Description: Evidence of success of these initiatives meetings so that facilitators can support Dealing with the needs of athletes and is the fact that at Ashland University one another and discuss workshop issues the unique role that they play on campus, every athletic team designates at least one with a supervisor.During the implementa- targeted initiatives such as those found at mentor and there participation increases tion of a team-focused workshop,a note- Ashland University and Bryant College are each year.At Bryant College,the progress book diary of their progress,which is exciting.Ashland University implements is documented by the diary and by the reviewed on a periodic basis,is kept by the the E.A.G.L.E.Mentors (Excellence in willingness of the teams to examine their facilitators.Ashland’s E.A.G.L.E.Mentors Athletics through Guidance,Leadership and current norms. have identified an ongoing pursuit by serv- Education) and Bryant College offers the ing as role models in the D.A.R.E.programs CHOICES Project (Creating Healthy Options in local elementary schools. In Competitive Environments).

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 301 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Leadership Development Program North Adams State College

Contact: Description: self-awareness,group membership,and North Adams State College The Student Leadership Development organizational leadership. Enrollment:1,729 Program provides students with the Public,Four Year Institution The Leadership Discussion Meetings are opportunity to associate with like-minded, Charlotte F.Degen,M.Ed. offered over lunch on a monthly basis with motivated peers.By linking students with Associate Dean of Students college professionals.Student Leadership Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook an affinity group,program planners aim to Process Participation conferences,offered bring about change in the campus culture. each semester,motivate students to net- Objectives: The program is organized into four work with their counterparts at other col- •To increase students’sense of belonging different areas.Through these efforts, leges and with upper-class students in and sense of learning and achievement relationships are enhanced,membership is leadership roles at the college.Finally, •To strengthen students’resiliency in strengthened,on-campus involvement is Student Leadership Recognition provides confronting the campus drug and increased,and students leaders are trained. many publicly reinforcing activities. alcohol culture The Student Leadership Development Evaluation data demonstrate the popular- Workshop Series provides leadership ity of the program based on increased development training through 16 work- enrollment in the workshop series and shops that teach students aspects of program participants moving into positions in leadership.

Train the Trainer Model University of Houston

Contact: Description: of a highly collaborative venture is with University of Houston Peer educators from the Peer Education the Department of Residential Life and Enrollment:30,757 Public,Four Year Institution Training Program are required to complete Housing:students applying for a position two academic courses: Social Wellness, as a resident advisor are required to suc- Rosemary Hughes,Ph.D. Director Peer Education course (three credits) and cessfully complete the Social Wellness The Wellness Center Advanced Social Health course (one credit) course.Another example of this training Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook offer academic as well as integration and role is the program provided for volunteers application components.Students receive from the Golden Key Honor Society whose Objectives: specific training in implementing health members are trained in the delivery of •To widely disseminate the expertise of and wellness education and prevention drug and alcohol educational programs to the Wellness Center programs and/or training in interventions area elementary schools.The overall model •To train numerous student groups who and policies for housing supervisors. involves training student groups who,in of f er preven tion progr ams for other grou p s Students learn how to present workshops, turn,offer prevention programming for organize campus-wide events and work their peers and/or other student groups in directly with student issues.One example the community.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 302 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Rice University Training for Santa Clara University University of Villanova University Residence Hall Personnel Maryland Baltimore County Widener University

Contacts: Description: strategies on how to care for an intoxicated Rice University Training of residence hall personnel individual are also provided. Enrollment:4,178 includes training for resident assistants, Private,Four Year Institution Widener University’s training of staff graduate assistants,resident directors as Cynthia Lanier,Ph.D. includes having RAs write a drug or alcohol well as desk managers and student lead- Director experience that may be problematic:new Published in 1996 Sourcebook ers.This training is noted in each of the RAs are asked to identify a situation they institutions cited in this section and is Santa Clara University fear the most,while experienced RAs are Enrollment:7,513 varied in length and content. Private,Four Year Institution asked to write about an experience that Villanova University implements training was difficult to handle.These questions Laurie Lang,M.A. Health Educator in alcohol-related issues for Resident facilitate intense discussion on a variety of Published in 1996 Sourcebook Assistants (RAs).This day-long training topics such as getting assistance,lines of University of Maryland session emphasizes attention to the RA’s responsibility,emergency medical services, Baltimore County own attitudes and behaviors as well as the confidentiality and not putting oneself Enrollment:10,315 impact that they have as student leaders in danger. Public,Four Year Institution in individual residence hall environments. Matthew Torres,Ph.D. At Rice University,each semester desig- In addition to the above,the training of Staff Psychologist nated students from each of the halls are Santa Clara University focuses on alcohol Published in 1996 Sourcebook trained to care for individuals who become poisoning,an immediate area of concern. Villanova University intoxicated.The trained students are avail- The University of Maryland Baltimore Enrollment:10,735 able for any intoxicated individual who Private,Four Year Institution County implements its training with two needs immediate assistance;they make Janice Janosik,M.A. two-hour staff training sessions. sure that the person gets home safely and Director Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance Content of the training sessions also varies. remains safe throughout the night.During Published in 1996 Sourcebook Reasons people use substances,potential their training students receive information Widener University dangers,risks and consequences associated about the effects of alcohol,blood alcohol Enrollment:6,495 with use,signs and symptoms of use,con- concentration,first aid and safety,potential Private,Four Year Institution structive confrontation and referral for alcohol overdose,signs and symptoms of Kathryn C. Grentzenberg, M.S. assessment and/or assistance are included. problematic use of alcohol,and what to do Drug and Alcohol Counselor/Educator in a potentially life-threatening situation. Published in 1996 Sourcebook As noted,the training at Santa Clara A current list of the names and telephone University focuses on alcohol poisoning; numbers of trained students is given to Objectives: during this session a medical protocol for residential supervisors,the social coordina- •To educate residence hall personnel on alcohol poisoning is presented.Information tors who plan parties and the campus the variety of issues surrounding alcohol emphasizes the causes,symptoms and spe- police. and substance abuse cific first-aid measures,and the residence •To increase the comfort level in address- life staff in freshman residence halls are ing alcohol and substance abuse issues asked to present this information at their •To acquaint personnel with the range first floor meeting.The Villanova training of resources and services available on includes a distinction between substance the campus abuse and dependence.Information and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 303 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Wellness Center Initiatives Longwood College

Contact: floors are especially targeted because these Students participating in the Straight Longwood College group members are more likely to socialize Talk Project enroll in a two-credit course Enrollment:3,351 Public,Four Year Institution together.The Wellness Advocates are that provides research information about trained to identify a problem situation substance abuse,sexual assault,and Susan Bruce,M.Ed. Coordinator before it happens and also to have trained dating violence. The Wellness Center students available in crisis situations. The New Student Orientation initiative Published in 1996 Sourcebook Students are elected to the program by is designed to assist new students to be their peer group based on their ability to successful academically and socially.An Objectives: be a natural helper.They participate in essential component of this program is the •To change the student culture to a more seven hours of training which emphasizes use of peer role models,who complete a health-oriented norm information about alcohol use and the lengthy training program.Students watch •To train student leaders about substance negative consequences associated with Longwood’s original play“Listen to the abuse and sexual assault abuse.Students then conduct an assess- Silence”on their first day on campus;this •To implement numerous approaches ment of the needs of their particular play addresses how alcohol and drugs can that raise the issue of wellness among organization and coordinate an educational contribute to sexual assault.The orienta- students program for that group each semester. tion leaders then lead discussions in small •To build a critical mass of students who These programs include preparing educa- groups on alcohol use and sexual assault. are willing to challenge their peers to tional bulletin boards,bringing their group Students also attend “To Your Health,” adopt health-enhancing attitudes and to campus-wide programs and designing conducted by orientation leaders,which behaviors their own educational program. features a panel of college personnel and Description: A monthly newsletter updates the Wellness skits about health choices and health Based on several needs assessments and a Advocates about campus wellness events, problems.New Longwood students must “Culture Audit,”the campus leadership bulletin board ideas and general wellness also complete the Longwood Seminar,a learned that students did not take respon- information.In addition,a Wellness one-credit orientation course that sibility for themselves and that enabling Advocate Steering Committee composed addresses methods for academic and social behaviors appeared institutionalized.The of 12 students meets monthly.They help su c ce s s .The course emphasizes how to preven t campus decided to implement a range of revise the Wellness Advocate manual and a friend from experiencing the negative interventions so that students would be coordinate monthly awareness events. effects of alcohol use and also presents more likely to intervene in a substance the consequences of underage drinking. The Straight Talk Project is designed to abuse problem.Three efforts were increase awareness of the relationship Through student survey data,it appears implemented simultaneously:Wellness between alcohol and sexual abuse through that Longwood students’use of alcohol has Advocates,the Straight Talk Project the use of drama therapy and peer edu- decreased in quantity and frequency;also and revision of New Student Orientation cation.Students portray characters who problems associated with alcohol use have programs. have survived date rape,child sexual decreased overall.The Wellness Advocates The Longwood Wellness Advocates pro- assault,and related violence;most of the group appears to have been very popular gram is a student organization that designs situations address how alcohol contributed as it has grown in three years from six programs on health issues.Each student to the situation.Following the perform- students to 170;78 student organizations organization and residence hall floor is ance,the cast members lead a discussion are represented. asked to participate in the program;frater- based on the issues raised during the nities and sororities and residence hall performance.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 304 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies SU P P O R T AND INTERVENTION SERVI C E S

Support services to assist individuals whose consumption of alcohol Support services also include a variety of procedures,such as how is cause for concern includes identification of those with alcohol- to handle an intoxicated person,how to identify a person who may related problems,professional screening,interventions with high- need professional assistance,how to refer an individual for assis- risk drinkers,and support and counseling services.The ultimate goal tance,and how to deal with a person who is not following through of these support services is to reduce the risk of individuals becom- on specified standards.Personal contracts and guidelines for partici- ing harmfully involved with alcohol.The services blend educational, pation in the program are used in responding to referred students intervention,and therapeutic approaches.Conceptual foundations and some campuses include a detailed assessment and set of for services include holistic approaches,the health belief model, recommendations.Some institutions have detailed procedures. personal responsibility,and coordinated,campus-wide standards. Target groups include both moderate drinkers and those with prob- Many initiatives in this area are designed for students who have lems related to their alcohol consumption.While most of the support violated legal standards (e.g.,students who have been found guilty services address students,an increasing number of campuses offer of driving while intoxicated).These violations may have occurred on an Employee Assistance Program for faculty and staff. the campus or in the surrounding community.Support strategies Professionals emphasize the importance of having staff members such as education and discussion groups,peer-facilitated activities, remain non-judgmental as they interact with those using the professional assessments,lectures,reflection about personal support services on the campus.In this regard,confidentiality and goals,and self-evaluation are offered.Some include a standard careful listening are critical skills.Services that are incentive-based for completion such as a minimum score on a written exam and/or and that are related to real life issues of students,parents and attendance.Community service activities are also available for employees are recommended. students who violate campus standards such as residence hall or campus-based policies. To sustain these services on the campus,campus leaders recommend administrative support for and understanding of both the need for Students may also avail themselves of other services,such as the use and the nature of the services offered.Continuous networking on the of an adult mentor in a pool of trained volunteers from the campus campus is critical,and it is important also to ensure that a high level community.Groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous,Al-Anon,Adult person is on committees that deal with this issue (this will help to Children of Alcoholics,or similar self-help support groups,may be keep the administration informed and assist in its understanding of offered on campus or near the campus.Less formal approaches,such the importance of these support services).In a related manner,train- as a bi-monthly lunch and an early sobriety group for recovering ing offered by the professionals who implement the support services chemically dependent students,are also available. is helpful for others on the campus.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 305 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Chemical Education for Students Gustavus Adolphus College

Contacts: the progra m . Stu d e n ts cited for minor alcoh o l policy,goal-setting,and referral services. Gustavus Adolphus College vi o l a tions will typ i c ally meet with the judicial Peer educators receive forty hours of train- Enrollment:2,379 Private,Four Year Institution coordinator who reviews options and ing on alcohol,drugs,and lifestyle issues, procedures.Students have the option of and provide the three-hour educational Judith A. Douglas Coordinator of Alcohol/Drug Education choosing the diversion program or having a sessions on a volunteer basis. hearing before a campus judicial board. Naomi Quiram In addition to participating in the educa- Judicial Coordinator Those who choose to participate in the tional programs,students choose an adult Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook program must sign a “Statement of mentor from a pool of trained volunteers Understanding.” Objectives: from the campus community.Students The ACES program actively solicits commu- make the initial contact with their mentors •To provide education that empowers nity involvement and support.Developed and continue to meet with them for one students to make low-risk choices as a collaboration of numerous campus semester to further define specific personal regarding alcohol offices,the process involves faculty,staff goals and contributions they might make •To establish more consistent sanctions and peers in providing students with edu- to the community. for first-time violators of the college cation and mentoring.In designing the alcohol policy To partially fund staffing for the ACES pro- program,two objectives were paramount: •To promote more personal investment gram,the college approved the assessment (1) peers should receive information from in fulfillment of sanctions imposed for of a $60 participation fee. peers,and (2) the program should provide alcohol policy violations direct contact with adult members of the Evaluation of the peer-led alcohol educa- Description: college community.The group developing tion portion of the program is rated as The Alcohol and Chemical Education for the program examined sanction guidelines excellent or very good by virtually all Students (ACES) program is a grass roots fr om numerous other institutions;con s i d e re d attendees.Participating students appreci- educational/mentor-based diversion pro- educational,judicial,and enforcement ate being “talked with”rather than gram available to students who have been models;conducted student focus groups; “preached to”by peer educators.The adult cited for a minor,first-time alcohol viola- and reviewed years of alcohol sanctions at mentors indicate that the discussions with tion.It was implemented as an alternative the college. their mentees have been fruitful and ongo- to the existing judicial system which, ing;in many instances,the connection with In the peer education component of the although educational in nature,was per- students has continued after the required ACES progra m ,t r ained peer educators pres e n t ceived by students as adversarial,punitive, mentoring period.Further,the number of an interactive three-hour educational and inconsistent.To enhance the program’s students with a second alcohol incident program on alcohol.This program is chances of success,campus planners has decreased significantly.Program conducted in a relaxed setting that believed that its name had to be upbeat leaders have developed an ACES program incorporates lecture,participation,and self- and positive.The name ACES was chosen manual which is distributed to program evaluation.The content includes student because it suggests both playing cards participants.It includes student-directed alcohol use on campus,perceptions of and a “winner”mentality.The program’s activities,questions,fact sheets,emergency others’use,physiological effects of alcohol, contents were marketed to student affairs information,problem indicators,and policy alcohol and sexuality,blood alcohol levels, staff,resident hall staff,and security information. peer pressure,high-risk and low-risk personnel.Articles in the campus newspa- drinking practices,the campus alcohol per also further described and promoted

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 306 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Drug Education Assessment University of Notre Dame

Contact: at that time,including the Life/Health consumption.”An example of an activity in University of Notre Dame Screening Questionnaire,the MAPP,the supporting the first goal mentioned above Enrollment:10,309 Private,Four Year Institution Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test,and is the completion of an alcohol education the CAGE.The results are compiled in a program with the Office of Alcohol and Gina Kigar,M.A. Coordinator letter to the student,complete with Drug Education.The contract notes that Office of Alcohol and Drug Education recommendations and a behavioral additional sessions or counseling referral Published in 1996 Sourcebook contract.The content of the letter cites may be necessary depending on the out- specifically the assessor’s views about the come and successive changes made during Objectives: student’s involvement with drugs or alco- this time.Steps in support of the second •To provide confidential comprehensive hol,and the student’s level of dependency, goal may include abstaining from alcohol assessments of students referred by the and signs of psychological or physiological for a period of one month, permitting a university community or themselves to dependence,are cited.Noted also is the time of reflection during the educational intervene with them prior to their getting individual’s average consumption per occa- process,and precluding being intoxicated in trouble with the law or the university sion,occurrences of intoxication, tolerance in the residence hall.A consequence of not •To support students in making behavioral for alcohol,blackouts,purposes of using accomplishing the goal is running the risk changes alcohol,consequences of alcohol use, of being ticketed or arrested for consump- Description: extent of loss of control, personality tion by a minor.Another possible conse- changes occurring while drinking,family quence is crossing the line from abuse into This student assistance-type program is history of alcoholism,and any personal dependency.Usually the contract is written offered to provide support to the residence adjustment issues of concern.The specific to be between the student and the resi- hall staff in dealing with identified abusive scores on the test taken are noted,with an dence hall staff member.The student,staff drinkers.Students are referred to the Office interpretation of the rating.The student is member and assessor from the Office of of Alcohol and Drug Education for alcohol- asked to come back for a 15-30 minute ses- Alcohol and Drug Education discuss the related offenses and are also referred when sion to discuss the results.If agreed,the contract until it is mutually agreed upon at they exhibit behaviors of concern to the residence hall staff member accompanies which time it is signed by the student and residence hall staff.The residence hall staff the student. the residence hall staff member. remain involved with the referred students throughout the process. The student also receives a Behavioral This program is personalized with individu- Contract,which is prepared in the format of als following their own contract based on Unique to this program are the built-in goals,activities and consequences.The con- their own needs.How the education is support and accountability;however tract begins with the statement,“Based on presented is based on individual students due to confidentiality,this cannot occur the above findings,it is in your best inter- needs,be it one-to-one,group or a combi- without the student’s consent and signing est to complete the following behavioral nation of the two.Depending on the of releases. contract.”Goals include statements such as finding of the assessment,education or The initial referral consists of a one and “I will learn to apply to myself the effects treatment may be necessary.The same one-half hour assessment.During this time of alcohol on the body and my life,legal is true for treatment options which will the professional staff member in the Office implications of alcohol consumption,and also be presented in the behavioral of Alcohol and Drug Education conducts an alcoholism”and “I will regularly make contract form. interview and has the student complete low-risk choices with regard to alcohol several instruments as deemed appropriate

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 307 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Skills Training Program University of Washington

Contacts: heavy drinking college students are taught • Identify high-risk drinking situations. University of Washington new skills for safer drinking. • Provide accurate information about Enrollment:33,719 alcohol. Public,Four Year Institution The ASTP programs have been imple- • Identify personal risk factors. G.Alan Marlatt,Ph.D mented in five distinct areas of the univer- •Challenge myths and positive alcohol Director,Addictive Behaviors Research sity.First,in the residence hall setting, Center expectancies. programs are provided to address issues Deborah J. Costar, M.A. •Establish appropriate and safer drinking of concern to residents.These include a Assistant to the Vice President for Student goals. Affairs “jeopardy game,”with facts about alcohol, •Manage high-risk drinking situations. Published in 1996 Sourcebook and a participant-involved program that •Learn from mistakes. illustrates the relationship between •Attain lifestyle balance. Objectives: acquaintance rape and alcohol abuse. •To develop and empirically validate an Students who violate the residence hall Thus far three studies have been conducted intervention initiative alcohol policy are required to participate to empirically test the effectiveness of •To prevent alcohol-related problems in a two-session group ASTP. ASTP.In the first,the efficacy of the eight- and reduce risks associated with college week ASTP classroom course was compared Second,students who are referred to the drinking to an alcohol information school with Office of the Vice President for Student information and no coping skills:drinking Affairs for disciplinary action as a result Description: was significantly more reduced among Researchers at the Addictive Behaviors of alcohol-related behavior on campus students receiving the ASTP.The second Research Center have worked in collabo- may be referred to an ASTP group or an study compared the effectiveness of three ration with the University’s Office of the individual session. ASTP modalities (a six-week classroom Vice President for Student Affairs to imple- Project Dionysus incorporates ASTP in format,a one-hour brief intervention and a ment the Alcohol Skills Training Program the fraternity and sorority system upon manual driven correspondence course):all (ASTP).In a variety of settings and contexts request.Workshops tailored to the specific students significantly reduced their alcohol across the campus,the ASTP combines needs and interests of the requesting consumption during the course of the cognitive-behavioral strategies and harm group are presented to the house at large study.In the third study,incoming fresh- reduction principles to reduce the risks or to the pledge class.Fifth,the Student men were screened to select those most at associated with students’use of alcohol. Athletes Program provides programs risk for alcohol problems to participate in Recognizing that the majority of heavy- either to a single team or to all athletes the courses.Students who received the drinking college students mature out of participating in team sports during a given Brief Alcohol Strategies and Intervention harmful use of alcohol,ASTP attempts to academic term. for College Students (two 45-minute address how the maturation process can be ASTP directly applies many of the central sessions building on the results of an accelerated by moving the student more principles of relapse prevention to primary instrument) made significantly greater quickly through this “window of risk.” and secondary prevention.Harm reduction reductions in their alcohol use and alcohol- Major areas of emphasis in these cognitive- is specified as a public health model for related problems,compared to the high- behavioral strategies include setting behavior change that seeks to reduce harm risk control groups. drinking limits,monitoring one’s drinking, that can result from a particular behavior. rehearsing drink refusal,and practicing ASTP is based on the following eight harm other useful,new behaviors through role reduction principles: play.Through the use of these strategies,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 308 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alpha Omega Delta Class Fordham University

Contact: Description: The class promotes low-risk choices and Fordham University The Alpha Omega Delta classes are admin- heightened awareness regarding all sub- Enrollment:13,909 Private,Four Year Institution istered through the university’s Student stances.Three class sessions are offered; Assistance Program.The Greek symbols students who are required to participate Bill Trabakino,M.Ed. Director in the program title signify the philosophy must attend all three sessions. Student Assistance Program of the class.Alpha represents the starting Students identified for participation in the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook point,or the present way of thinking, class attend a preliminary screening inter- feeling,and acting regarding drugs and view.To complete the class satisfactorily,a Objectives: alcohol.Omega represents the future opti- participant must have an accuracy score • To help students exp l o r e issues and choices mal attitudes and behaviors,which are of at least 75% on a written exam given associated with drug and alcohol use low-risk behaviors based on reasons and during the last class session. •To provide a specific approach for facts.The Delta symbol signifies the ability students in violation of the campus drug to change,representing the clarification The participants rate the program highly. and alcohol policy process experienced in order to reach They identify the connection between their Omega. family’s alcohol use and their own alcohol use,and they demonstrate increased The content of the class addresses knowl- awareness regarding the perceived edge,attitudes,and behaviors of partici- campus norm. pants concerning alcohol and drugs.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 309 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Assessment, Counseling, Education and Referral Service Fort Hays State University

Contact: intensive in-patient treatment are referred and a “Working Toward Healthy Families Fort Hays State University to appropriate off-campus agencies. Group”are also conducted. Enrollment:5,496 Referrals are made to appropriate agencies Public,Four Year Institution An extensive operations manual for ACERS when the services needed are beyond the James F.Nugent,M.Ed. covers in detail such issues as clients’rights, professional domain or expertise of the Coordinator,Drug Alcohol Wellness personnel practices,the environment,pro- Network program staff and when use of these gram evaluation,confidentiality,client Published in 1996 Sourcebook resources would contribute to the clients records and referral.Concerning clients’ well-being.ACERS staff,in its responsibility rights,for example,the responsibility Objectives: to provide high quality service to all clients, of staff members is that“each client is •To provide training and practicum also conducts screening,education/training treated in a legal,humane,dignified, experiences for students and counseling.Additionally,AIDS informa- conscientious manner.” •To provide an evaluation assessment for tion is provided. drug and alcohol abuse,dependency or It is also specified that each client can Admission to treatment services is based addiction for university students,faculty expect to have appropriate treatment on appraisal information obtained through and staff and a treatment plan and he/she should individual client interviews,alcohol cooperate in its formulation.In addition screening inventories,alcohol risk scales, Description: to the services for clients,the ACERS offers The Assessment,Counseling,Education interviews with significant others,and a training/practicum experience for and Referral Service (ACERS) combines court information.Three or more pieces students enrolled in appropriate classes, prevention and intervention services with of significant evidence obtained from the such as Psychology and Counseling. the need for practicum opportunities for appraisal sources qualifies a client for students enrolled in the recently estab- admission to the treatment program. Rooms used by the staff assure privacy and lished Masters Degree in Counseling,with provide quiet surroundings.Documentation Many of the referrals to ACERS are for an emphasis in Alcohol Studies,at the uni- used includes the Alcohol and Drug Abuse driving under the influence (DUI),or versity.The service is designed to provide Kansas Client Placement Criteria Form, other alcohol-related impairment and professional counseling and education Consent for the Release of Confidential health problems noted by the professional for university students and employees. Information,the Substance Abuse Subtle staff.An Alcohol Information Seminar Licensed by Alcohol and Drug Abuse Screening Inventory,Inventory of Common certified by the state is conducted three Services (ADAS) of Kansas,ACERS Problems and the Michigan Alcoholism times each semester and weekly meetings allows clients to maintain regular class Screening Test. are held on campus by Alcoholics attendance,employment,family roles and Anonymous.A Substance Abuse Group com m u n i t y res po n s i b i l i t i e s .Cli e n ts req u i ri n g

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 310 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Chemical Dependency Program Langston University

Contact: as well as alcohol-free social events. –Treatment and External Referrals – are Langston University Sample programs include “Red Ribbon used when Detoxification and/or Inpatient Enrollment:4,013 Public,Four Year Institution Week”and a seminar offered during Care is required.Rigorous intervention pro- National Drunk and Drugged Driving cedures are used.Consistent with standard William Price Curtis,Ph.D. Director Awareness Week. procedures for Employee Assistance Professional Counseling Center Programs,the university’s Chemical The strategy is for evaluation and early Published in 1996 Sourcebook Dependency Program routinely refers staff detection of chemical dependency prob- members to external treatment facilities. lems conducted through intake interviews Objectives: Once an individual has verbalized his/her and the administration of the Substance •To reduce student attrition by addressing interest in receiving help with an addic- Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI). problems associated with chemical tion,students typically receive assistance In addition,the Chemical Dependency addiction from the Chemical Dependency Counselor, Program is responsible for administering •To help staff members identify and who provides individual and/or group the drug-free workplace and the drug-free address the chemical dependency prob- counseling.Students are encouraged to schools’policies.A Chemical Dependency lems being experienced by students maintain consistent involvements with Self-Inventory and a copy of the univer- local chapters of Alcoholics Anonymous. Description: sity’s Drug-Free Workplace Policy Where possible and when required,stu- Operating within the Professional Counsel- Statement are distributed to all staff during dents are referred to local in or out patient ing Center,the Chemical Dependency in-service training activities.Prior to treatment facilities which agree to accept Program is staffed by a director and a completing the enrollment process each them on a sliding fee scale. chemical dependency counselor.Three semester,students are required to sign the strategies constitute the program:educa- university’s Drug-Free Schools Policy For students,success of the Chemical tion and prevention;evaluation and early Statement.This signature acknowledges Dependency Program is measured by the detection;and treatment and referral. receipt of the university’s policy statement extent to which they remain in school and states that the student has read the following the intervention for addiction. The education and prevention strategies policy and will comply with the stated For staff members the measurement is provide staff service programs and theme terms and conditions. based on the extent to which they remain seminars for students.Peer educators,who on the job for six months after completing are members of the campus chapter of The treatment and referral strategies are an in or out patient treatment program. BACCHUS,play a major role in this strategy the core of the university’s Chemical by organizing seminars on drugs and alcoh o l Dependency Program.These strategies

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 311 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Creating Aware Eastern Connecticut Responsible Energy State University

Contact: Description: specific circumstances of the students Eastern Connecticut Students who violate the university’s referred for community service,which State University Enrollment:4,590 substance abuse policy are referred to the assures the individual’s confidentiality. Public,Four Year Institution Substance Abuse Coordinator for an initial Community service activities include assist- Sherry Bassi,R.N.,M.S. assessment.The coordinator provides ing in alcohol-free awareness activities Substance Abuse Coordinator feedback to the Judicial Hearing Officer (such as bartending for mocktails),partici- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook regarding the students’future potential pating in resident hall programs presented involvement with the Office of Substance by the peer helpers,and providing labor for Objectives: Abuse Prevention.In this way,sanctions large campus-wide events.Students may •To provide students with a meaningful for violations are individualized to obtain also engage in other projects; for example, sanction following a violation of the a positive learning experience for the an awareness video for new student orien- substance abuse policy students.Further,students have an oppor- tation was prepared through this program. •To provide an opportunity for students tunity to reflect on the consequences of Specific program outcomes include positive to reflect on their high-risk behavior their high-risk behavior. role modeling,improved interpersonal Students are often assigned to perform skills,ability to take new risks,and forma- community service with the campus’peer tion of new friendships.Further,the helper program known as C.A.R.E.(Creating C.A.R.E.program has recruited students Aware Responsible Energy).The peer to serve as peer helpers. helpers from C.A.R.E.are not aware of the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 312 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Detox Policy University of Portland

Contact: intoxication and need a “wake-up call”to severely intoxicated as well as to manage University of Portland these dangers.Safety and Security and the liability issues.Further,the university Enrollment:2,600 Private,Four Year Institution Residence Life staff are trained in imple- staff believes that it is important to not mentation of the policy.Students are also allow students to“nurse or baby sit”the Bill Zuelke, M.S. Counselor made aware of the policy with sanctions intoxicated student,a service that poses Alcohol and Drug Prevention levied against students who protect seri- a health risk for the intoxicated student,a Published in 1996 Sourcebook ously intoxicated peers from being sent to liability risk for the “helper,”and minimizes detox.The campus personnel note that the educational experience of being in the Objectives: detox is a health tool and should be used detox facility. •To educate the student population for health reasons only.It is never used for In category three,the student is very regarding the dangers of high levels purposes of punishment. intoxicated and not in control of choices of intoxication A three-tiered response to intoxicated or behaviors,and the staff member decides •To provide the appropriate care for students goes into operation when a resi- whether to send the student to the local those who are seriously intoxicated dence hall staff member or a security staff detox facility or to bed.If the student does Description: member observes an intoxicated individ- not reside on campus,the security staff When students become intoxicated, ual.In the first category,the student is decides whether to hold the student until whether through involvement in drinking unconscious and non-responsive,and he/she sobers up,send the student home games,or because of impaired decision the ambulance is called immediately to with friends,or take the student home.In making,or other reasons,the appropriate transfer the student to the hospital.In this category,staff members are advised to services assist both the individual and the second category,the student is semi- make sure the student drinks no more alco- staff in the care process.The detoxification conscious,partially responsive,not in hol and to realize that intoxication levels policy is developed by both Residence Life control of his/her actions or thoughts,on continue to rise for one-hour after drinking and Campus Safety and Security.A local the edge of passing out,or is in and out has stopped,which may make the student detoxification facility is used to provide of consciousness,and is transferred to the more intoxicated over this hour and move appropriate care for seriously intoxicated local detox facility.Following the involve- the condition to a two or one category. students.The university staff believes that ment with the local detox facility or hospi- Because of the detox policy,students are care for these individuals is not the respon- tal,a session with the University Health less likely to protect or try to personally sibility of the Residence Life staff or the Center alcohol counselor is scheduled to care for seriously intoxicated students. common student,nor is it within their help the student reflect upon the experi- Incidents of serious intoxication of this levels of competence.Further,it is believed ence.The importance of having this extent have declined since the implemen- that students are generally not aware approach is to provide the appropriate tation of the policy. of the dangers associated with severe health response for students who are

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 313 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Drinkers Quiz University of Maine

Contact: various options,the staff decided that the run in the campus newspaper.The site was University of Maine most efficient way to proceed was with the linked to all other Web sites at the univer- Enrollment:9,900 Public,Four Year Institution development of a World Wide Web site. sity,and each student was sent a bright yellow postcard outlining the site and the Robert Dana, Ph.D. In developing the Web site,the staff con- site address. Associate Dean of Students and ducted a literature review of computerized Community Life self-assessments.They followed this with Within the first six months of existence,the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook a pilot project with the Greek system, site received over 6,000 visits;the Drinkers Objectives: consultation with campus departments Quiz is especially popular.Many individuals and student focus groups,and collabora- have been complimentary about the site, •To promote student retention at the tion with Web page experts at the which is seen as cutting edge and “cool.”It institution campus’s media services office.The is safe,secure,anonymous,and relevant to •To provide a safe and anonymous method Web site’s address is the needs of students.Frequently asked for a student to determine if he/she has http://www.asap.um.maine.edu/alc/. questions concern:standard penalties an alcohol problem for driving while under the influence of •To provide students with easy access to This Web project is a computerized self- alcohol,how to help a friend,alternative resources assessment for issues related to alcohol use activities,and ways to refuse offers to and abuse.The intent of the service is to drink or party. Description: provide a profile of responsible drinking, Acknowledging that the abuse of alcohol is a review of frequently asked informational In the self-evaluation,students who are a primary source of student academic fail- questions,and a resource list for help with identified as potentially having an alcohol ure and is prevalent in college life overall, misuse problems.The instrument allows problem are provided guidance on strate- the University Office of Substance Abuse answers to frequently asked questions to gies to address their concerns.Suggestions Services initiated a strategy to assist with be linked to research projects and provides for help include advice on seeking profes- student retention.Since students were a comprehensive individualized self- sional assistance,talking with others,and interested in computers and electronic assessment of alcohol use. students monitoring their own behavior. approaches,the staff examined ways of As a result of the self-assessments,eight using these approaches to provide The project was supported by both aca- students were referred to substance abuse resources with a minimum number of demic services and student affairs.To services during the first six months of hassles for the students.After reviewing advertise the project,several articles were the program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 314 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S DrinkWise University of Michigan

Contact: severely dependent,who believe them- importance in their program choice is University of Michigan selves to be powerless over alcohol,or who the opportunity they have to select their Enrollment:36,543 Public,Four Year Institution face significant impediments to participa- own treatment goals (moderation or tion in an educational program of this abstinence).Three approaches are avail- Keith Bruhnsen,M.S.W. Manager nature.However,members of the able:the individual format,the group Health Promotion Division DrinkWise target group are at elevated risk format and the telephone format. Published in 1996 Sourcebook of developing alcohol problems by virtue of Advertising for the Faculty and Staff their drinking practices.They are drinkers Assistance Program includes posters with Objectives: who exceed moderate guidelines and are percentages recorded on them.For exam- •To prevent and reduce alcohol-related at increased risk of experiencing alcohol ple,there is a poster with “97%”on it;with problems problems:specifically,as identified in the an elaboration,in small print,that“97% of •To reduce levels of risk by using an DrinkWise materials,“as the number of U of M faculty and staff have less than two adult education approach which applies `risk drinking practices’and the extent drinks per day or do not drink every day.” knowledge and skills to personal behavior of involvement with each increases,so And there is a poster with “86%”(“86% of change does the likelihood of developing alcohol U of M faculty and staff would not enable •To offer choices to clients in the selection problems.” a friend or colleague’s problem drinking by of treatment goals DrinkWise uses an adult education making allowances or covering up”). approach.It provides participating indi- Description: Located within the University Medical Following a strategic campus-wide task viduals with knowledge and skills that can Center’s Health Promotion Division,the force and planning process in 1990,major be applied to cutting down and modifying DrinkWise program offers the opportunity recommendations were made,including their drinking,or cutting it out all together. to continue research efforts on the the adoption of a brief intervention For this approach to be effective,individu- program’s effectiveness with various approach and development of new alcohol als have to believe that their drinking prac- populations and to experience potential education/prevention programs.A survey tices are learned behaviors and that they cost savings and health care utilization. revealed that most alcohol problems in are capable of modifying these practices. Individual data are collected and assessed the campus community were of the mild The focus of this approach is upon a spe- regarding patterns and level of drinking, to moderate range and not appropriate cific behavior without significant attention negative consequences,health status,and for conventional community abstinence- to root causes,predisposing conditions, life satisfaction scores.This is done at the based programs. or a functional analysis of relationships. beginning of the program,at the com- Discounted program fees are available Designed as an early intervention program pletion of the program and at three for faculty,staff and graduate students. intended to prevent and reduce alcohol and nine month follow-up periods.The Individuals becoming involved with problems among its clients,DrinkWise has 10-week program is completed by approxi- DrinkWise commonly report concerns a target group that extends from moderate mately 80% of those who enroll. about harmful long-term health effects drinkers to alcoholics.DrinkWise is a Abstinence is cited by approximately of their current drinking levels,as well as voluntary program for those with alcohol 20%,and reduced alcohol consumption negative feelings about themselves due problems of mild to moderate severity is cited by 80% at nine months after the to their drinking practices.Of primary and is not appropriate for those who are program completion.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 315 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Insight Program Northern State University

Contacts: of student awareness of behavioral norms institution.In compelling circumstances, Northern State University regarding the use of drugs or alcohol. The a student may continue to attend while Enrollment:2,683 Public,Four Year Institution university implemented educational participating in an approved substance assessment,counseling,and referral com- abuse treatment program. Kathy Forsyth,M.S. ponents when the State Board of Regents Insight Coordinator In the university’s athletic program,five gave approval for such action. Deb Hofer,M.S. levels of action and Levels I and II of the Counselor Information regarding the policies is dis- Insight Program form a system of incre- Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook seminated in the Student Handbook,the mental interventions;in this process,multi- Objectives: Residence Life Handbook,residence hall ple violations result in more education and meetings during New Student Orientation, counseling with longer suspensions from •To provide information on and emphasize a“Responsible Decisions”brochure,and, the team. the consequences of the high-risk use for athletes,mandatory attendance at a of drugs and alcohol The Insight Coordinator tracks referrals to meeting where policy and sanctions •To provide unified,progressive discipline the program from sources on and off the are outlined. procedures for drug and alcohol policies campus to determine which level of inter- and local laws For a first violation (Level I),students must vention is the most appropriate.Each addi- •To provide appropriate and early inter- attend and comply with the recommenda- tional violation of campus policies and/or vention to those students harmfully tions of the Insight class,an eight-hour state laws dictates advancement to the involved with chemicals educational experience.The didactic next level.Program fees make the Insight presentations and group discussions Program entirely self-supporting;the Description: emphasize changing student behavior. university provides office and other The Insight Program is a progressive,disci- Using the course “On Campus Talking About support services. plined system designed to implement the Alcohol,”the risk-reduction program helps State Board of Regents’policy on alcohol Evaluation demonstrates that participants students assess their own problems and and drugs.The system has two levels:Level in the Level I educational class show a 34% determine an appropriate course of action I includes an eight-hour educational pro- increase in knowledge about the high-risk for themselves. gram and Level II offers ongoing individual use of alcohol and drugs;93% of the stu- and/or group counseling.The centralized For a second violation (Level II),students dents stated they examined their own use discipline for the campus and the commu- must attend individual and/or group as a result of the program.The local court nity promotes collaboration among counseling for a period specified by the judge reports a decrease in repeat violators Residence Life,the Athletic Department, counselor.The procedure requires students of underage alcohol consumption laws. and the Local Judicial Court System. to follow the recommendations of the Further,a street poll indicates that students counselor and to complete a completion believe the university’s alcohol policy is The Insight Program was established to of a formal assessment.A third violation fair and a pos i t i v e step towar ds healthier living. correct inconsistencies in the existing (Level III) results in suspension from the system of sanctions that resulted in a lack

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 316 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Life Skills Referral Program Boston College

Contact: with the student,at which the program’s hall director on alcohol-related issues,and Boston College coordinator,who is a graduate assistant, identifying areas of the campus that need Enrollment:14,698 Private,Four Year Institution determines the amount of time,effort and improvement.Those activities needing a supervision required for the student’s high level of involvement/time (Level Kimberly Timpf, M.Ed. Assistant Dean for AOD Education assignment.Typically,the time needed to Three) include attending a six-hour risk Published in 1996 Sourcebook complete the activities and programs assessment program,participating on a ranges from two to six hours. committee of alcohol policy violators and developing an interactive educational pro- Objectives: There are three levels of involvement •To create an awareness of the incon- gram,writing a proposal for an alcohol-free for referred students who are identified. gruency between substance abuse bar on the campus,and working on a com- Level One represents a minimal level of and education of the whole person mittee to develop alcohol-free programs involvement/time.Activities include:sitting •To promote individual talents and and events for the residence halls. at an information table,developing an ad differences for the campus newspaper,preparing a Upon completion of the project,students •To address policy violations by promoting flyer and getting it approved,reading schedule a 15-minute follow-up interview individual talents and differences selections of alcohol abuse literature and with the program coordinator and/or write Description: writing a two-page response paper,and a paper. viewing a video from the Office of Alcohol The Life Skills Referral Program is a com- Positive feedback from students is received and Drug Education then writing a two- ponent of the Referral Procedures for immediately upon completion of their page reaction paper.Level Two represents Students Involved in Policy Violations projects.The students cite as the program’s a medium level of involvement/time. related to drug or alcohol use.Students are strengths the opportunity to work with Activities include creating a theme-based referred either through the Office of the someone in a one-to-one setting,the bulletin board for a residence hall floor, Dean for Student Development or the opportunity to address issues not specifi- developing a one-hour alcohol education University Housing staff.The program is an cally related to alcohol,the opportunity to program,attending two alcohol or other individually based educational program in be creative in the approach to problems health-related programs in the residence which students are assigned projects by and the value of being an active partici- hall and writing a paper for each of them, the program coordinator and receive pant in the process.Another positive developing a list of alcohol support group feedback and further guidance upon outcome of program participation is that meetings,and preparing a paper regarding completion,if necessary. many students have become actively services and activities in the community. A student who is involved in a drug- or involved in the campus prevention efforts. Other activities at this level include inter- alcohol-related policy violation may be viewing a student in recovery and writing a Initial evaluation of this project reveals referred to the Life Skills Referral Program. paper after the interview,developing a list that there has been a decrease in repeat Upon receipt of a referral letter,a of campus support services,interviewing a offenders. 15-minute individual session is scheduled

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 317 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Mandated Program for New Mexico State University North Dakota State University Alcohol Policy Violators University of North Dakota

Contacts: information with the student’s personal its session,other professionals in each New Mexico State University use of alcohol.Incorporated in this program program include a counselor,a residence Enrollment:15,643 Public,Four Year Institution is an effort called Calculating Risks,a per- hall director and a counseling intern. sonal assessment that presents students The University of North Dakota uses peer Scott Moore,M.A. Manager with information about their drinking educators to facilitate the alcohol educa- Student Judicial Affairs/Special Services choices and helps them to determine tion class.At New Mexico State University, Published in 1996 Sourcebook whether they are low-risk or high-risk coordination of the program is a joint North Dakota State University drinkers. effort between the Judicial Affairs Office, Enrollment:9,665 the Housing Department,and the Public,Four Year Institution North Dakota State University’s program Counseling Center. Michelle M. Ritcher,M.A. also contains two parts:dissemination of Coordinator,Alcohol Education Program information about the physiological and Results reported by the campuses appear Published in 1996 Sourcebook psychological effects of alcohol use and positive.At New Mexico State University, University of North Dakota abuse and the utilization of psycho drama. reported alcohol violations appear to be Enrollment:11,521 In the psycho drama element,professional down by over one-half.Further,recidivism Public,Four Year Institution university actors perform 90-minute rates of those who attend the program Karin L.Walton,M.A. vignettes or role plays around the issues are lower than those who choose not to Coordinator Substance Abuse Prevention Program of alcohol and relationships,drinking and participate.At North Dakota State Published in 1996 Sourcebook driving,social host liability,acquaintance University,students involved in the rape and overall inhibitions when consum- program provide positive responses. Objectives: ing alcohol.The psycho drama is used to Participants are asked to prepare a two- •To provide an educational sanction convey the impact of alcohol-related issues page paper that describes the incident that for students who violate the campus in students’lives.Following each vignette, led to the violation of the campus alcohol alcohol policy the facilitators lead a discussion focusing policy and also provides comment on their •To assist students with self-assessment on participant reactions. experience with the alcohol education of their use of substances program.The program provides an oppor- The approach at New Mexico State tunity for training of counseling interns to University is a positive incentive-based Description: develop their facilitation skills.At the Education groups are established for program,allowing those who attend to University of North Dakota,students appre- students who have violated the campus reduce the length of their disciplinary sanc- ciate receiving statistics to identify per- alcohol policy.The group reduces future tion by 50%.The three-hour educational sonal risks,factual information and not chances of the participating student’s program is interactive and discussion being talked down to.Their personal involvement in alcohol-related problems. centered. reaction papers illustrate what addressing At the University of North Dakota,the “You Implementation of these efforts is also their own low-risk and high-risk choices Call the Shots”class combines information varied.While North Dakota State University mean to them. and group discussion to integrate alcohol involves professional actors for part of

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 318 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Personal Education, Assistance, and Referral (PEAR) Program University of Pittsburgh

Contact: the step-by-step process for the structured campus resources,and how to help a friend University of Pittsburgh curriculum for each of the three educa- with an alcohol problem.The mandatory Enrollment:27,000 Public,Four Year Institution tional sessions,including the evaluation homework assignment after this session instrumentation,handouts,and hard copies repeats the assignment of the first week Shirley Haberman, Ph.D. Health Education Administrator of each of the overheads.At the beginning and adds tobacco and drugs. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook of the first session,a confidential pre-test is “Drugs Other Than Alcohol,”the third administered to identify students’attitudes session,addresses myths about drugs of and experiences with drugs and alcohol; a Objectives: abuse,characteristics of marijuana,and the •To reduce problems related to drug and/ student information form that addresses effects of several drugs.Also at this time, or alcohol use on campus problem behaviors is also completed.The students complete the post-test and •To identify students harmfully involved first session,“Alcohol and Alcohol Related the evaluation.The fourth session is an with drugs or alcohol and refer them Problems,”discusses what brings partici- individualized assessment which uses the to the university’s network of support pants to the PEAR Program,their current student’s classroom experience along with systems patterns of use,and their knowledge of the student information form completed •To promote uniform sanctions for alcohol as a substance.Other topics include during the first class session;a referral may drug/alcohol offenses college students as a high-risk group,the be given at this time. linkage between alcohol-related problems Description: and quantity and frequency of drinking, The PEAR Program appears highly success- Based theoretically in the Health Belief tolerance and impairment,BAL (blood- ful as it is widely recognized throughout Model,the Personal Education, Assistance, alcohol level) information,second-hand the campus community and serves as a and Referral (PEAR) Program attempts to alcohol abuse,avoidance of negative con- deliberate and comprehensive referral reduce the barriers that keep students from sequences,and high-risk alcohol choices. mechanism.The pre-test/post-test assess- seeking health-enhancing lifestyle behav- A mandatory homework assignment has ment tools measure knowledge and atti- iors.Students who violate campus policies students keeping a record of alcohol use: tude changes.The feedback questionnaire regarding drugs or alcohol are referred to the dates,the amount of alcohol con- completed at the end of the program pro- the PEAR Program as part of the sanction- sumed,why and where it was consumed, vides students impressions of the PEAR ing process.While some students refer money spent,and second-hand alcohol Program.In addition,participants are con- themselves,the majority of referrals origi- abuse experienced. tacted 3 to 6 months following completion nate from the Residence Life staff,the judi- of the program with a telephone survey The second session,“Decisions About cial board,faculty,the Counseling Center, to assess the impact of the program on Alcohol Use and How to Help a Friend,” the Learning Skills Center,Campus Safety their lifestyle choices and their attitudes emphasizes low-risk and high-risk choices and Security,and local magistrates. regarding drug or alcohol use.The long- about alcohol,the connection between The four session PEAR Program includes term outcome assessment examines alcohol abuse and negative consequences, three 90-minute small group educational recidivism,academic performance,and warning signs of an alcohol problem, sessions.An instructor’s manual describes graduation rates.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 319 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Assistance Program Tufts University

Contact: intervention services are provided.This pre- the SAP include self-help groups (such Tufts University vention strategy is chosen to address the as Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Enrollment:8,089 Private,Four Year Institution larger needs of all students on campus.The Anonymous) and wilderness/experiential educational opportunities and support outdoor living skills opportunities (such as Armand Mickune-Santos, M.A. Director services offered from a prevention perspec- sea kayaking,rock climbing,and an ongo- Alcohol and Health Education tive focus on dispelling the myths that ing yoga class). Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook “everyone at college drinks to get drunk” Two courses for peer educators are offered and “they are expected to do so.” Objectives: on campus.“Peers for Positive Change: Peer educators and leaders provide educa- Leadership Skills and Health Education” •To offer educational opportunities and tional outreach and support services.The deals with pertinent issues related to peer support services “Just the Facts!”program is a social norms health education;students receive training •To counteract the myth that most marketing campaign designed to promote on presentations and group facilitation students abuse substances positive attitudes and awareness to effect skills.The “Peer Education Training:Gender •To promote a holistic approach to health environmental change.This campaign Issues”course trains peer educators to lead and wellness concentrates on the norms of the popula- small group discussions in residence halls Description: tion rather than the extremes.The “Ears for on a variety of issues related to men and The alcohol and health education program Peers”is a peer organization designed to women,including roles,relationships, promotes a holistic approach to health and help students cope with their problems, and violence in relationships. wellness by providing a comprehensive understand and express their emotions, Feedback from all parts of the campus Student Assistance Program (SAP).The SAP and find possible solutions to concerns. community has been positive and inspir- offers individual counseling,support group The SADD,BACCHUS,and Tufts SexTalks ing;as a result people want to get involved services,professional assessments by organizations promote alcohol abuse pre- with the program.Co-sponsorship of pro- licensed chemical dependency counselors, vention with practical solutions to address grams by other student groups and cultural educational programs and workshops,peer drunk driving;major components include centers on campus provides opportunities education/leadership training,and sub- campus activities,community service,and for collaboration and sharing of resources. stance-free housing.The focus of the SAP the “Contract for Life.”Other activities of is upon prevention,although ongoing

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 320 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Eastern Michigan University Education Seminar Utah State University

Contacts: The Checkpoint program sponsored by In each case the style of the class is interac- Eastern Michigan University Eastern Michigan University is offered for tive.Contents of the programs are similar Enrollment:23,777 Public,Four Year Institution students who are in violation of the cam- and include psychological and physiologi- pus alcohol/drug policy.Referrals typically cal effects of drugs and alcohol,discussion Jane Goerge,M.A. Health Educator come from the Housing Department, of the risks and consequences of impaired Published in 1996 Sourcebook Athletic Department and the Office of driving,development of skills for low-risk Utah State University the Dean of Students.In addition,some decision making,identification of resources Enrollment:20,371 students enroll for academic reasons,such on and off the campus,legal issues,family Public,Four Year Institution as to prepare a speech or write a paper and background,refusal skills,the zero-one- JoAnn R. Autry other students participate to increase their three process,addiction,and negative Director ability to make low-risk decisions concern- consequences of substance abuse. Office of Substance Abuse ing alcohol or drugs.Other students are Prevention/Education Each of the programs has expectations Published in 1996 Sourcebook referred by the county court system. for involvement.At Utah State University, Utah State University’s initiative is one participants sign a contract and agree to Objectives: of 18 “teams”constituting the campus abide by the guidelines and rules of the •To help participants understand the STOP (Students Taking Over Prevention) program which include attending all ses- health risks of substance abuse,including program.The Alcohol,Tobacco and Other sions,being on time,participating fully, physiological and psychological effects of Drug (ATOD) facilitators teach a class of keeping discussions confidential,following drugs and alcohol judicially mandated students or other up on recommendations,maintaining free- •To promote skills for low-risk decision students. dom from substances,and writing assign- making ments.The Checkpoint program at Eastern •To encourage appropriate referral and The class facilitators are students who Michigan University also requires full class treatment for alcohol problems have received education and training to attendance;in addition,participants must share information regarding the use and obtain a score of at least 70% on a written Description: abuse of substances,the physiology of knowledge evaluation administered at the Programs such as those highlighted in addiction,the legal aspects of substance end of the course,complete an anonymous these two universities are established to use/abuse and related issues.The facilita- program evaluation,and participate in provide information,skills and resources for tors,who have made a two-quarter com- an exit interview with the Checkpoint students found to be in violation of the mitment,provide basic information to help facilitator.This exit interview allows the university’s alcohol and drug policy.Rather participants assess their use of substances program facilitators to address the than having a disciplinary action alone, (STOP program). these educational sessions are designed to participants’thoughts about the program, The length of classes at the two institu- help students address the consequences of to discuss referral options and to answer tions ranges from 17 hours at Utah State their drug or alcohol use. questions regarding the knowledge University to six hours (three two-hour evaluation. sessions) at Eastern Michigan University.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 321 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Support for the Recovering Chemically Dependent Student Brown University

Contact: for extensions).The policy indicates that appropriate treatment as well as informa- Brown University those students who believe that their tion about the opportunity for support on Enrollment:7,641 Private,Four Year Institution academic progress has been negatively campus.Follow-up appointments are made affected by chemical dependency should as needed.The second phase begins as Bruce E.Donovan,Ph.D. Associate Dean of the College consult with the Associate Dean for soon as the student becomes abstinent. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Problems of Chemical Dependency.With This phase includes academic support, substantiation of a record of chemical counseling,and participation in various Objectives: dependence and assurance that treatment campus support services. •To support the recovering chemically has been and will continue to be received, Twelve-step meetings (Alcoholics dependent student and with the support of the Associate Dean, Anonymous,Narcotics Anonymous,Al- •To assist students who have a significant a student may petition The Committee on Anon,Nar-Anon) meet weekly in settings past history of drug and alcohol use Academic Standing for an academic pro- on or near campus.The early sobriety •To foster effective functioning of students gram adjustment.A requirement of involve- group (ESOB) meets weekly with under- in the academic setting ment in the academic adjustment process is graduate and graduate students of all ages, •To promote mutual help among that the student accept a diagnosis of and the ESOB supplements other forms of participants addiction and maintain recovery through therapy and AA/NA meetings. continuing treatment. Description: The Lunch Bunch meets four to five times Although the policy is not widely adver- In an effort to provide the resources neces- each year and is open to all members of tised,it is described to a variety of profes- sary for students to succeed at the univer- the campus community who are in recov- sional offices as well as to student peer sity,a variety of support services were ery from alcohol/drug dependency.The Resident Counselors during their training instituted.Specific elements of the support group provides a natural network of activities.The policy’s existence is made services include a policy on chemical support among members of the campus known discreetly manner to those who are dependency,counseling,12-step meetings, community and an opportunity to practice most likely to benefit from its provision, an early sobriety group,a bi-monthly social skills. lunch,and policy accommodations. including undergraduates who are already in recovery and those who may soon be Evidence of success of the support services The policy for chemically dependent stu- in recovery. is provided primarily by the continuing dents is based on the premise that these involvement of participants in the variety One-on-one counseling is provided by the students are expected to meet the same of services.In addition,students identified Associate Dean for Problems of Chemical standards as other students;however, initially as at high risk for dismissal have a Dependency.In the first phase,informal they may require some adjustments in the good college completion record. procedures used to meet the standards assessment and referral are provided, (e.g.,lighter than usual course load;support assuring that the students receive

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 322 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Wellness-Based Prevention and Intervention Program University of Buffalo

Contact: environmental support will serve to aid about what constitutes an alcoholic or University of Buffalo community growth and development, addict are discussed to point out the Enrollment:24,493 Public,Four Year Institution while directing students toward more impact of stereotypes upon personal informed choices.(3) The engagement of views and to reinforce unforeseen risks. Sarah Bihr,M.B.A.,M.S. Director peer advocates in the work of these pre- Participants are reminded of the impor- Student Health System ventive programs and services makes it tance of gathering the resources they need Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook more feasible for a student in trouble to to set out on their chosen career paths. take the initial steps toward seeking help.A Similarly,students are encouraged to Objectives: safety net is formed for students at risk share their reasons for excessive use in an •To engage professionals and peers in whenever two or more of these units come attempt to identify and change their value building a healthier community through together for intervention purposes. system to one of greater self-respect.An cross-referrals of students in need,and empowering approach is utilized that The program provides an opportunity for through the modeling of empathic contributes to asset development and students to develop skills and assets such listening increased personal control.Finally,students as leadership,critical thinking,community •To build student assets and resiliency in the program have an opportunity for a service,resiliency,and high-level wellness. skills personal exchange with a facilitator The Living Well Center’s POWER Advocate •To decrease the perceived attraction to of the group for additional support. Program (Peers Offering Wellness students of harmful and risky behaviors Education and Resources) is a leading The program represents a comprehensive •To target at-risk students in need of model for this initiative.It encourages asset system of environmental support and education and referral building so that individuals will have their enhancement,and evaluations are con- Description: own internal resources upon which to ducted by periodically reassessing campus The goal of the program is to foster an draw,instead of relying on group decisions needs through qualitative and quantitative environment in which personal growth, or alcohol/drugs as coping mechanisms. reviews of each program.For example,the healthy choices,and positive community Beyond education,the program offers pre and post data collected from the SEPAD values are encouraged.These changes models of how substance-free individuals program revealed that a significant num- are accomplished by enlisting the support achieve their success,thus assisting the ber of participants reflected upon what of a key group of service professionals student to realize healthy alternatives. they had learned when making subsequent and students committed to a shared decisions about whether or not to use alco- Students who violate the campus drug and investment in this goal. hol or drugs.Similarly,significant differ- alcohol policy are required to attend the ences existed in how participants viewed The development of the program is based Student Educational Program for Alcohol themselves before and after the education on three principles:(1) The cooperative and Drugs (SEPAD).This is held in two hour in terms of their perception of their prob- action of many service units working in sessions on consecutive Saturday morn- lem with alcohol or drugs.The entire pack- support of student development will ings.Taught by professionals in the addic- age of survey materials and complete achieve a greater total effect than will tion field,the sessions include interactive results is available upon request. the individual accomplishments of any discussions and challenging videos geared one unit.(2) The strength of positive towards the college audience.Perceptions

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 323 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 324 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies STAFFING AND RESOURCES

Staffing and resources are essential components of a comprehensive parts of the campus,such as the health center,student activities or campus program.Staffing ranges from professional,graduate level or residence life.They may be involved by assignment,or may collabo- paraprofessional,to permanent,part-time or periodic.Resources may rate and offer their services. be specifically allocated or provided through personnel services or Campus leaders cite the importance of the campus’leadership pro- facilities.Training may be incorporated to maximize consistency. viding a level of staffing commensurate with the project’s efforts. A key element of this component is support from the highest levels They recommend identifying resources on the campus and being of the college or university,often demonstrated by the implementa- creative in the budget;this may include budget line items in an tion of a task force,coalition,or committee to identify needs as well administrative or student government budget,or fees from student as to provide direction for the campus-wide effort.In many cases the activities or health services. task force reviews and monitors the campus effort on a regularly Other resources for the campus effort include budget allocations scheduled basis.Another approach is to have a task force meet for a and in-kind donations,such as printing,publications,audiovisual limited period of time.Membership of the task force may include key resources and publicity.Resources may also include space dedicated representatives from on and off the campus.On-campus members for a resource center,space for peer educators,resource guides, represent various student services offices,academic affairs,security, training,a library,or related activities. maintenance personnel,student organizations and student leaders; off-campus members may include local public officials,service This component provides a significant foundation for implementing providers,retail establishment owners,citizen representatives and a comprehensive approach for the campus.The blending of overall local police.Others represented may include alumni or parents. guidance (such as a task force),skilled leadership (such as personnel services) and tangible resources (such as printed materials or The actual staffing of the campus effort may include a full-time pro- resource locations) helps demonstrate the institution’s commitment fessional staff member who is trained in alcohol abuse prevention and sustained implementation of the campus effort.Professionals issues or an individual may have the campus alcohol initiatives as stress that a high level of dedication by staff members is critical. part of his/her broader professional responsibilities.Graduate and Typically,campus alcohol abuse prevention efforts are not well undergraduate students often provide educational counseling staffed and personnel are often overworked.Thus,it is critical to and/or advising,or serve in some other resource capacity.These maintain positive attitudes in order to sustain the campus effort. may be drawn from paid,volunteer,or internship sources.Focused Clearly defined goals within the scope of available staffing and emphasis is also noteworthy with individuals accomplishing specific resources helps specify reasonable levels of effort,and an appropri- tasks appropriate to their area of expertise (e.g., research,evaluation, ate balance between resources and activities. marketing,or counseling).Personnel are often drawn from various

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 325 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S South Dakota School of Mines Campus-wide Initiative and Technology

Contact: was on reducing many of the traditions events beyond the fraternity and sorority South Dakota School of Mines which incorporated abuse of alcohol. social calendar is also a consideration. and Technology A primary initiative was to make Enrollment:2,463 A central motivating source for the cam- Homecoming alcohol free and a healthy, Public,Four-Year Institution pus,staff and resources has been the family-oriented event.Alcohol Awareness Ruth Stoddard, M.S. establishment of a Students Against Drunk Assistant Director of Residence Life Week reaffirmed the themes of responsible Driving (SADD) chapter on the campus.This Published in 1996 Sourcebook behavior through movies,handouts, was developed when a student (who was videotapes,a candlelight vigil,a police an athlete,an RA,a student government Objectives: presentation and a drunk-driving display. presidential candidate and a fraternity •To achieve healthy improvements in Cooperation of existing staff was critical member) was involved in a major incident students’use of alcohol to campus efforts.The resident assistants involving impaired driving.In addition to •To actively promote responsibility (RAs),who are in a position of leadership, being removed from various positions of concerning alcohol issues serve as role models with respect to responsibility,he was sanctioned to begin a •To reaffirm the expectations of their own drinking patterns and related student organization that would educate responsible behaviors within the campus behavior,and their positions as role models students about drunk and impaired community is given careful consideration when they driving.Many students have joined this Description: are selected.Through this emphasis the organization (SADD).These members wear Through the collaborative efforts of the campus has seen a decrease in the quantity T-shirts at every planned fraternity/sorority associate dean of students,a SADD chapter and frequency of alcohol consumption by party and offer to drive people home. and the residence life alcohol and drug RAs.RAs have also improved their skills in This broad-based effort has motivated task force,this campus-wide program deals dealing with intoxicated students coming staff RAs and students to report incidents. with the alcohol culture found throughout from off-campus parties,in knowing when Students are receiving the message about the campus. to call for help,and in ensuring the safety responsible behavior and not drinking of the intoxicated individual. A variety of approaches were implemented and driving.Attention to reexamining utilizing existing staff,student organiza- Risk management for fraternities and individual behavior is being encouraged tions and resources on the campus.Since sororities has been established with an throughout the campus. the school was dominated for years by emphasis on educational rather than fraternities and sororities,the emphasis punitive measures.Having more campus

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 326 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance Villanova University

Contact: Description: and pamphlets are available at no cost. Villanova University The Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance However,some resources are available on Enrollment:10,735 Private,Four-Year Institution is staffed by a full-time Master’s level direc- an on-loan basis only.Students use the tor,who is a certified addictions counselor, resource library on a regular basis often in Janice Janosik,M.A. Director a full-time Master’s level counselor and a preparation for speeches and papers. Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance part-time prevention specialist.These pro- Others utilize the library for personal and Published in 1996 Sourcebook fessionals are assisted by counselor interns, family use.The center utilizes electronic who are provided through the university’s se rv i c es to con n e c t with the drug and alcoh o l Objectives: counseling education department;a full- clearinghouses and resources worldwide. •To promote comprehensive alcohol time secretary is also employed.Student Rece n t cable acquisitions within the univer s i t y and drug prevention and intervention volunteer peer assistance is also available enable the cen ter to reach students throu g h for all students through the Center for Individual cable programming and advertisements. •To offer a variety of programs and serv- Assistance and Programming. The Center is sustained by the university,as ices for the entire university community The center maintains a resource Library of funding comes from the generosity of a books,videotapes,pamphlets and audio university alumnus and former board of tapes related to substance abuse and trustee member,as well as from other chemical dependency.Many brochures grants and gifts.

Get A Grip Iowa State University

Contact: Description: sessions,keynote speakers,leadership Iowa State University Initially implemented in 1991,“Get A Grip” and team building activities and resource Enrollment:24,990 Public,Four-Year Institution is a leadership institute designed for teens sharing.Action planning includes identi- from communities throughout the state. fying the needs of their community, Lisa Safaeinili,M.P.H. Manager,Safety and Health Development It enables teens to participate in a two and preparing measurable objectives and Published in 1996 Sourcebook one-half day training workshop. developing a plan that includes a timeline Community teams that include one adult as part of the program.A 200-page Objectives: for every four teens are invited to partici- resource manual includes camera-ready •To develop teen leadership skills that will pate.The adults provide support,serve as handouts and step-by-step activities to use have a positive effect on the health- “cheerleaders,”and work as equals with with teens;it incorporates sections on related choices of youth the teens.Teens are encouraged to take a leadership,team building,student involve- •To provide new ideas and strategies for leadership role in addressing alcohol- ment,community involvement,marketing, addressing community-based issues related issues. youth and violence,alcohol and dating, •To provide college students with the prevention strategies and networking During the training workshop,activities opportunity to demonstrate leadership resources. include panel discussions,small breakout with youth

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 327 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Health Promotion Research/Evaluation Montana State University – Specialist Bozeman

Contact: a full-time research/evaluation specialist 4.The Student Health Survey assesses Montana State University – was added to the health promotion staff in alcohol and tobacco use,as well as per- Bozeman Enrollment:10,962 1995.The creation of this position demon- ceptions of “heavy,moderate,light”use. Public,Four-Year Institution strates the value placed on research and 5.Encouragement and support is provided Jennifer Haubenreiser,M.A. evaluation within health promotion for smaller institutions to implement the Program Evaluation/Research Specialist activities ensuring that efforts are more Core Survey for the purposes of data Published in 1996 Sourcebook likely to meet the needs of students.The dissemination and social marketing. specialist is responsible for conducting The specialist also works closely with Objectives: qualitative and quantitative studies to student staff members and interns to •To make research and evaluation a prior- assess student needs and evaluate existing incorporate research and evaluation into ity within health promotion activities health promotion efforts.Ultimately,lim- peer programming and training.A course •To involve students in gathering infor- ited resources for improving student health has been established,co-taught with the mation relating to various health will be spent more wisely.For example, director of health promotion, to provide promotion groups on campus five distinct approaches are being used hands-on research experiences in Health •To ground education and preventative currently for gathering this information: Promotion and semester-long projects. activities within current and valid data 1.The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey This course helps to define health issues Description: provides useful information to various and problems facing students and provides The “Hologram Model”,developed to pro- campus groups such as the athletic them with an opportunity to make a mote health on the MSU campus,consists department,the residence halls and positive impact on the campus. of seven components designed to affect Greek organizations. The cost of this effort is the salary and health-related norms and behaviors of 2.Monthly focus meetings with specific benefits of the research/evaluation special- students.The components are described groups assist in defining health-related ist as well as software,printing and related in the evaluation segment of this docu- problems and evaluating existing costs for various aspects of the program. ment.The uniqueness of the “Hologram programs;groups include the Campus Two student research assistant positions Model”is the emphasis it places on Wellness Coalition,Native Americans, are also funded. research and evaluation activities. peer advisors and nursing staff. 3.A baseline survey of incoming freshmen Insights gained from using the model in is conducted during orientation to assess various areas of health promotion activities the attitudes,behaviors and perceptions indicated the need for staff assistance and of students coming into college.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 328 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Health Promotion Montana State University – Research Team Bozeman

Contact: undergraduate students was established Ongoing support for this position is,in Montana State University– as a synergistic approach to obtaining part,based on demonstrated competence Bozeman Enrollment:11,267 the necessary information.Through these in collecting and analyzing data as well as Public,Four Year Institution combined efforts,all peer groups and in strong communication and presentation Jennifer Haubenreiser,M.S. activities are becoming research driven skills.Engaging the enthusiasm of the Health Promotion Research/Evaluation and outcome based. students is also helpful in demystifying the Specialist research process and empowering student Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook The professional time of the Health involvement in program development. Promotion Research/Evaluation Specialist Objectives: is maximized through organized and Funding for the position comes from •To promote a research-driven health coordinated training and research efforts. student fees through the Student Health promotion program For example,a“Hands On Research in Service:student research positions have •To strengthen the role of the Health Health Promotion”class is offered each been incorporated as part of the regular Promotion Research/Evaluation Specialist year.Students from the class have the student staff.Some of the funding initially opportunity to become either paid or vol- used to prepare programming is now real- Description: unteer staff members who continue to located to peer research.In addition,cost The position of Health Promotion assist with research projects throughout the sharing is arranged through collaboration Research/Evaluation Specialist was estab- year.Internships are encouraged and cre- with other campus departments around lished in 1995 to assist in implementing ated to engage even more students in the specific studies.Further funding for the Health Promotion Program on campus outcome-driven elements of the program. research staff comes from external sources, and in coordinating the campus-based such as grants. Additional leadership comes from research activities regarding student collaboration with other Student Affairs A high level of satisfaction among campus health.A significant emphasis within departments on campus.Through this personnel is evident by the level of interest this position is to make research and effort the scope of health promotion is in studies and requests for technical assis- evaluation a priority within health seen as having a proactive role in the tance.Anecdotal evidence suggests that promotion activities. institution.Since the work of the Health the quality of the programming focused on Students are involved in the process Promotion Program incorporates sound outcomes has risen tremendously.The of gathering,analyzing,and utilizing research,it has credibility,and the success variety,quantity,and quality of the studies data;and,in order to increase evaluation of its future efforts is enhanced. themselves are also evidence of the success and research efforts,a class to train of this position.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 329 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Partners In Prevention Northeastern Illinois University

Contact: and responsible decisions as well as to Funding for PIP is institutionalized and Northeastern Illinois University foster healthy lifestyles. broad based.Allocations are made for pre- Enrollment:10,288 vention literature and materials as well as Public,Four-Year Institution While PIP serves as the “centerpiece”of the production of assessment instruments. A.Alyce Claerbaut,M.A. the university’s prevention activities,other Annually,five mini-professional develop- Coordinator,Student Outreach and External programs and services are found in each of Affairs ment grants of $500 each are allocated the vice-presidential areas of the univer- Published in 1996 Sourcebook for teaching faculty.The individuals who sity.Services include addictions counseling, qualify design and incorporate prevention employee assistance program,gender- Objectives: units into one of their existing courses. specific programming,education for •To develop a collaborative institution- student athletes and enforcement efforts. Other resources include graduate student wide approach to addressing substance In addition,numerous programs engage assistants for the Students Needs Survey, abuse on the campus the local community,including counselor a resource collection in the university •To provide an appropriate needs-based education, teacher training,volunteer library,and an allocation of additional campus effort for students whose primary opportunities for students and work with financial and human resources.The substance abuse concerns are in the local corporations and businesses. Network for Dissemination of Curriculum home or community Infusion provides training in this method of •To implement the campus-wide initiative Project staff for PIP include a project prevention education to the university’s in a cost-effective manner director,coordinators of the Student- faculty.Prevention education has been Alumni Ambassador Program,a coordinator incorporated in more than 30 academic Description: of assessment,a coordinator of professional The Partners In Prevention Program (PIP), classes on the campus. development and a coordinator of resource initiated in 1987, represents a highly collection.Each of these individuals has for- Funding for the initial phases of the collaborative partnership linking students, mal responsibilities on the campus.The campus program was provided by grants. teaching faculty,academic administrators, roles with PIP are for organizational pur- Ongoing funding is institutionalized across student affairs administrators,alumni and poses (for example,the coordinator of academic departments with resource and community agencies.The emphasis of PIP resource collection is an assistant professor, personnel allocations. has been to help students make informed and the coordinator of assessment is a department chairperson).

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 330 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Education Consortium Booth San Francisco State University

Contact: Description: volunteers from five peer-based organiza- San Francisco State University For years,the Alcohol and Substance Abuse tions.Student peer educators in teams of Enrollment:28,000 Public,Four Year Institution Education Program emphasized educa- two staff the booth for two hours each tional workshops and resource centers week;this is a requirement of all of the Michael Ritter,M.S. Coordinator throughout the campus.However,low participating peer programs.To advertise Prevention Education,Counseling attendance at the workshops and under- the booth,the peer educators prepare a and Psychological Services utilization of the resource centers frus- colorful sign and bright flyers announcing Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook trated the peer educators.Therefore,they events sponsored by the peers.In addition, decided to look for a centralized location they prepare a poster with the “question Objectives: where resource and referral information of the week”for participants. •To provide readily accessible information would be accessible to students.A tiny and referral resources to students C.E.A.S.E.(Creating Empowerment through storefront in the Student Center was vacant •To utilize the skills of peer educators in Alcohol and Substance Abuse Education) and the student-run group that owns and an effective way is a key component of the Peer Education operates the Student Center agreed to Consortium booth.These peer educators provide the space free of charge. are trained in a six-unit course in which the The Peer Education Consortium booth in focus of each of the participating program the storefront location is staffed by student areas is covered.

Practicum Placement Site University of Connecticut

Contact: Description Most interns are not compensated and University of Connecticut The HEART Program professional staff work 10-20 hours each week to meet pro- Enrollment:22,471 Public,Four Year Institution consists of graduate students completing gram requirements.Interns are Ph.D.and practicum and internship requirements. Master’s level graduate students in Janice Roberts Wilbur,Ph.D. Coordinator Interns are utilized as counselors,group Counseling,Psychology,and Clinical Substance Abuse Prevention Program facilitators,team leaders,trainers,teaching Psychology who seek practicum internship Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook assistants,and program component coordi- placement sites. nators.The internship component of the Since 1991,35 students from six universi- Objectives: program is tiered so that Ph.D.students ties have completed a graduate practicum/ •To provide quality services to student/ are involved in supervising and training internship placement with the HEART clients in a cost-effective manner Master’s level students,who in turn are Program.Many students who complete this •To improve interns’personal and involved in supervising,counseling,and internship/practicum are able to obtain professional development training undergraduate HEART interns. jobs in the alcohol/drug field.A high level •To promote positive role models for The internship includes extensive training of satisfaction with the experience is found undergraduate interns who are consider- and ongoing weekly supervision sessions consistently among graduate students who ing a career in a helping professions to ensure quality servi c es to students / c l i e nt s . evaluate the program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 331 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Program Consistent Messages Hampden – Sydney College

Contact: Description: continue to be solicited to become instruc- Hampden – Sydney College In an effort to disseminate uniform alcohol tors.In addition,several staff personnel Enrollment:971 Private,Four Year Institution information across campus,30 members from local agencies to which students are of the administration,faculty and staff referred participated in the training and Linda L. Martin Director completed the OCTAA (On Campus Talking teach the class.Behavioral and attitudinal Moore Student Health Center About Alcohol) four day training program. changes are monitored by an annual Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook The trained instructors include the evaluation. Chairman of the Board of Trustees,the Objectives: President,the Provost,several Deans,fac- •To ensure that a common message ulty members,and staff.Based on this is delivered on campus regarding preparation,these individuals are available alcohol issues to teach the six hour class to students. •To engage all campus constituencies in The goal is to have,over four years,every the campus program student participate in this risk reduction program.Interested faculty and staff

Resource Guide University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: to refer students depending on the nature relationship or have experienced some University of Missouri – Columbia of the student’s problem.The “MU Resource form of sexual assault,and (4) important Enrollment:22,313 Public,Four Year Institution Guide:What to do when a student needs phone numbers of on-campus and com- help outside the classroom”was developed munity resources. Kim Dude, M.Ed. by staff members in the ADAPT Office.It is Assistant Director of Student Life The resource appears successful because Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook a resource for faculty and staff and is of the number of positive responses and designed to assist them to provide effec- referrals made to the ADAPT Office by tive intervention and referral strategies for Objectives: instructors since the initiation of the •To provide information to faculty and staff students in distress.The guide is mailed to program.In addition,faculty response to on intervention and referral strategies all professors,instructors and teaching the guide has been extremely favorable. • To raise the awar eness of faculty member s assistants at the beginning of each semes- Instructors teaching for the first time regarding problems students confront ter.It contains (1) detection and warning and graduate teaching assistants have,in signs in the classroom,(2) indicators particular,expressed their appreciation for Description: and intervention strategies for students, A number of instructors at the university the information contained in the guide. (3) indicators and intervention strategies expressed concern about how to help stu- for students who may be in a violent dents and requested information on where

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 332 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Life Resource Room Luther College

Contact: The room is open daily from Monday to Staffing for this resource consists of a Luther College Friday,and in the evenings.Interested staff student worker,a residence hall director Enrollment:2,383 Private,Four-Year Institution members can sign up for an appointment who manages the room,and the college’s with resource room staff for assistance chemical health and wellness educator. Sally H. Mallam,M.S. with educational programs,lettering Chemical Health and Wellness Educator The facility serves a staff of more than 100 Published in 1996 Sourcebook and art work,and computer programs students,who indicate that the room is or software. very helpful and popular,especially during Objectives: Specific available resources are construc- the evening hours.RAs and peer educators •To make technical resources and assis- tion paper,an elision letter cutter,com- noted that the existence of the room tance readily available to staff members puter software programs,markers,paper, makes them feel special and demonstrates •To assist with publicity of educational and a color printer,and a banner- and sign- that the Campus Student Life Department social programs making resource.The room is also well appreciates the job that they are doing. •To demonstrate support for resident staff equipped with pamphlets,books,video- The student staff also provides feedback and peer educators tapes and posters on a wide variety of regarding what is needed to keep the Description: topics.Alcohol topics include:alcohol and room “cool.” driving,alcohol and friends,alcohol and The Student Life Resource Room provides The Resource Room has been in existence rape,alcohol and women,alcoholism, support for resident assistants (RAs) and for one year.It cost $5,000 to establish Alcoholics Anonymous,drinking facts and other student life staff in their program- and an annual cost of $1,000 is needed to myths,non-alcoholic recipes and excessive ming efforts.A converted administrative maintain its quality resources.The room drinking.Pamphlets on a wide variety of office,the room contains a wide variety of and its furnishings were provided by the other health-related topics are also avail- alcohol information and health promotion Chemical Health and Wellness Office and able.The pamphlet and posters are resources,such as brochures and posters. Residence Life. reordered on a regular basis.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 333 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Wellness Education and Action Team Walla Walla Community College

Contact: honestly about drug and alcohol abuse. party and a duck race.Other wellness Walla Walla Community College This effort also acknowledges the fact that programs,such as a memorial to impaired- Enrollment:11,000 Public,Two-Year Institution a large number of the students are under driving deaths,red ribbon week,National the legal minimum age to purchase alco- Collegiate Alcohol Awareness Week Christina Connerly Program Coordinator hol,while the other half is of the legal age. (October),National Collegiate Health and Published in 1996 Sourcebook Through student discussions,it is hoped Wellness Week and related programs that responsible habits and attitudes (March),are also conducted. regarding the use or non-use of drugs and Objectives: One specific resource sponsored by •To promote student wellness on the alcohol will be promoted. S.W.E.A.T.is the “Wellness A-La-Carte”. campus Members who belong to S.W.E.A.T.meet The “Carte”is a movable brochure rack, •To involve students in an integral way weekly to plan activities and events and filled with over 100 brochures on a variety in program implementation receive training to enhance their skills. of wellness topics:alcohol,drugs,AIDS and •To provide on-going stimulation and Occasionally these meetings are in the other resource information.The “Carte”is resources to promote healthy decisions home of one of the members.Regular located at various places on the campus. Description discussion revolves around assessing Its success is demonstrated by the fact that S.W.E.A.T.(Student Wellness Education previous activities and creating new strate- it needs to be refilled on a constant basis. gies to promote the wellness message to and Action Team) is a student-based The number of events that S.W.E.A.T.con- new students.S.W.E.A.T.also encourages organization that addresses drug and alco- ducts makes it clear to students that holis- other campus-based clubs to assist with hol abuse awareness,education,prevention tic wellness and healthy decisions are its wellness promotions.The volume of and community service projects.S.W.E.A.T. major issues on the campus;a related mes- programs offered either directly or indi- was developed from the belief that stu- sage for the campus community is that rectly by S.W.E.A.T.is extensive and dents can be uniquely effective in encour- wellness can be fun. aging their peers to consider and talk includes social programs such as a pizza

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 334 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S North Central College Task Force University of Pennsylvania

Contacts: to reduce the level of alcohol use/abuse as of and the solutions to these issues.At North Central College well as the problems related to alcohol on North Central College the campus-wide Enrollment:2,437 Private,Four-Year Institution the campus.Memberships are broad based committee that coordinates the annual and reflective of the diverse population in celebration of National Collegiate Alcohol Barbara Miller Assistant to the Vice President the university community.Themes of Awareness Week also coordinates the for Enrollment Management and collaboration and coordination,as well as dissemination of information,programs, Student Affairs shared concern by staff who saw students and other strategies to address alcohol- Published in 1996 Sourcebook in clinical settings or interacted with related issues on campus. University of Pennsylvania students on a regular basis,typically Enrollment:22,684 Membership on the task force includes serve as the foundation for implementing Private,Four-Year Institution representatives from enrollment manage- a task force. Kate Ward-Gaus,MS.Ed. ment,student affairs,faculty,athletics, Health Educator Initially,a task force may gather infor- campus police,local police,counseling, Barbara Cassel,M.S. mation and prepare a report complete multi-cultural affairs,health services, Assistant Vice Provost with recommendations.Recommendations alcohol and wellness education,alumni, Student Life Published in 1996 Sourcebook may link to the institution’s mission,and academic support services,fraternity and can be organized according to admissions, sorority affairs,parents,students,dispute Objectives: orientation,academics,student life or resolution,campus ministries and •To establish an institution-wide approach other approaches. administration.Some campuses have a specific time commitment for committee to addressing alcohol use/abuse Another role for a task force is to monitor, members.The task force often meets •To clearly understand the scope of the on an on-going basis,the implementation monthly to discuss upcoming events alcohol problem on campus and the of efforts by a variety of groups on the and programs,as well as to monitor the existing services campus,as well as review program effec- effectiveness of campus initiatives. •To review the effectiveness of alcohol- tiveness and communication across groups. related services on the campus At the University of Pennsylvania,the task Evidence of success in implementing •To make recommendations for future force is the primary mechanism for sharing campus efforts is an important consider- approaches and initiatives information about resources and program- ation for the task forces.Since the work of Description: ming,evaluating the success of policies and these groups typically evolves over time,it other efforts,and charting new courses of is possible to redirect the nature and scope The task force is established to provide a action.Various campus offices are available of the efforts as well as the specific pro- broad-based institution-wide approach for consultation with the task force; collab- grammatic direction for the campus. to addressing alcohol use/abuse.It is also oration between these offices and the Evidence cited by North Central College concerned with the increasing national task force helps to provide meaningful is primarily qualitative in nature,as focus on this issue.Two institutions – North initiatives for the campus. discussions on alcohol-related issues occur Central College and the University of throughout the campus.One success noted Pennsylvania – provide exemplary In conducting the activities of the task by this institution is that the committee,as approaches with the development and force,a variety of approaches are imple- a vehicle for change,has helped to bring implementation of their task forces. mented.In group meetings,participants together the campus community to discuss can receive data about alcohol’s relation- Typically the task forces were established efforts,to facilitate programs and to imple- ship to problems;opportunities can be by the university president or a vice provost ment or reshape policies and practices. provided to give impressions of the causes

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 335 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S The University of Maryland The Caring Coalition in College Park

Contact: Representatives include the Health Center, with alcohol or drugs,coordinates The University of Maryland Residence Life,Commuter Affairs,Campus community service projects and volunteer in College Park Enrollment:31,500 Programs,Chapel,Campus Recreation opportunities,works with faculty members Public,Four Year Institution Services,Campus Police,Student Union, interested in curriculum infusion of Jody Gan,M.P.H. Students Against Drunk Driving,Greek alcohol-related themes,partners with the Coordinator Affairs,Counseling Center,and Athletics. community in addressing issues of com- Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention mon concern related to substance abuse, Programs The Caring Coalition attempts to change conducts periodic assessments of students’ Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook social norms by raising the consciousness attitudes and behaviors,and produces a of the university community regarding the newsletter each semester. Objectives: problems of associated with drug and •To change social norms on campus by alcohol abuse.This central coordination of The initial success of the Caring Coalition raising the consciousness of the university prevention efforts has enabled previously is credited to a federal grant that helped community independent programs and interested start the program.Because of the Caring •To coordinate prevention efforts on individuals to build a cooperative synergy Coalition’s resources and its willingness to campus by building cooperative synergy on campus. support other prevention activities finan- •To raise awareness about substance cially,it quickly became perceived as a Specific activities facilitated by the Caring and to support students who choose desirable program.In addition,top level Coalition include promoting alcohol-free to not drink support helps to make the Caring Coalition social and recreational activities,offering a success.Currently several campus offices substance-free housing,delivering educa- Description: have incorporated many of the pro- The Caring Coalition is an umbrella tional workshops,and providing a student grammed activities into their departmen- organization of campus departments, substance abuse treatment program.In tal budget;the Health Center pays the student groups,and interested individuals addition,the Caring Coalition runs a salary of the full-time health educator committed to strengthening drug and substance abuse intervention program who manages the Coalition. alcohol prevention activities on campus. for students who have had difficulties

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 336 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Montana State University – Wellness Coalition Bozeman

Contact: group is the Insight Program,a student- base and presence on campus that are Montana State University – based Early Drug and Alcohol Intervention based on health.Through the different Bozeman Enrollment:11,267 and Referral Program.Student leaders member organizations,hundreds of stu- Public,Four Year Institution conduct focus seminars to help students dents are involved in health leadership Andrew Hill,M.S.Ed. examine their relationships to drugs and roles each semester.The students involved Experiential Prevention Specialist alcohol.CAT PRIDE is a group of varsity in this coalition are some of the most Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook athletes who focus on campus- and respected and visible leaders on campus. community-wide prevention programs to Integral to the success of the Wellness Objectives: reduce drug and alcohol problems.The Coalition are development of trusting •To create a critical mass of student health ZERO HERO Designated Driver Program is relationships with the Health Promotion activism in the student government county-wide and has recently spread to staff and providing leadership in the •To promote collaboration among campus other communities throughout the state; development of a strategic plan for organizations participating alcohol beverage outlet stores including health within the scope of the •To affect the health norms of the campus supply free non-alcoholic beverages to the student government.Ongoing success in student body ZERO HEROs. increasing the critical mass of students Description: Expeditions MSU is an outdoor orientation involved is achieved through collaboration The Associated Students of Montana adventure for incoming students with a with other groups. State University (ASMSU) has developed focus on a healthy adjustment to college The extensive marketing of the Wellness a coalition of student-based health and retention.The MSU challenge course Coalition includes general presentations promotion groups known as the ASMSU incorporates adventure activities that to the student government,public service Wellness Coalition.This peer-based promote team building,character,and announcements,television commercials, organization synergizes the resources of communication skills,as well as develop newspaper articles,a Worldwide Web several health-oriented peer groups under healthier group norms.The Native American home page,announcements at sporting the leadership of student positions,a Peer Advisors is a student group that events,table tents,posters,and presenta- Director and Assistant Director,paid for promotes activities that create greater tions to residence halls and Greek chapters. by the student government.The coalition awareness of Indian cultures across cam- has a strong presence on campus and pus.Other groups include S.H.A.R.E.(Sexual The overall evidence of success is attempts to increase its numbers and Health and Responsibility Education), confirmed by the increased support that influence through collaboration with S.A.S.A.(Students Against Sexual Assault), the program receives each year from the other student organizations. Lambda Alliance,Greek Wellness Coalition, student government and the student Residence Hall Wellness Coalition,American organizations across campus.Not only is The Wellness Coalition consists of 13 Red Cross Blood Drives,and Arete. satisfaction high with the coalition as a autonomously funded,recognized peer whole,but the effectiveness of individual groups who meet twice each month for One of the primary visions of the ASMSU groups is valued. training and information sharing.A key Wellness Coalition is to develop a power

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 337 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Staffing and Resources

Alcohol/Other Drug and Alternative Activities Coffee House and Violence Prevention Competition Entertainment Program Northwestern University Maryville University of St.Louis Middlesex Community College Enrollment:15,162 Enrollment:3,378 Enrollment:6,021 Private, Four Year Institution Private, Four Year Institution Public,Two Year Institution Annann Hong,M.P.H. Pam Culliton,R.N. Co-Director Director Judith Ramirez,R.N.,M.S.W. Health Education Health Center Program Director Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Alcohol,Other Drugs,and Violence Prevention Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: Objectives: •To provide incentives for alternative •To promote monthly alcohol-free activity Objectives: activities on campus •To coordinate all alcohol,drug and •To provide students with an opportunity violence prevention activities Description: to express their talents in an informal way Otherwise known as the $500 Challenge, •To link prevention strategies with the Alternative Activities Competition pro- community resources Description: vides funding for students who organize To counteract heavy alcohol consumption Description: alcohol-free campus-wide events.Students by students on Thursday evenings and its This collaborative program involves stu- are selected to serve as objective judges related behavior,an alcohol-free activity is dents,faculty,academic administrators, at each event,with each one filling out a promoted monthly on the campus.A por- counselors,and community leaders.Staffed standard evaluation form.Three groups are tion of the Student Center has been trans- by a Master’s level director,the program funded each academic term, receiving formed into a more homey place with an incorporates workshops,peer mediation, $500,$300,and $200.The funds can be extra couch,table lamps,games and books. weekend social activities,dramatic per- used for an alcohol-free party for the This “Coffee House”is targeted to students formances,and collaborative relationships. organizers of the program or for imple- who enjoy music,entertainment,and the Community-based organizations serve as menting additional campus-wide alcohol- camaraderie of others.On designated resources for the program and participate free programs.A Resource Manual is evenings,students and professional enter- in college presentations,health awareness available for students interested in hosting tainers perform“open mike”fashion with fairs,and community-wide alliances. a $500 Challenge event;this document singing,poetry reading,and comedy. and copies of the application forms are Candles and bottles,donated by a restau- Student peer volunteers are available accessible on the office’sWeb site. rant,help give the place a 1970s look. through the Law Center for mediation and conflict resolution.Faculty involvement The Student Government manages the includes the Humanities Division through project and contributes funds to secure the direction of theatrical presentations, outside entertainment.Students serve and leadership is provided by the Dean of as the master of ceremonies,set up and Student Development.A 10-member clean up crew,and as entertainment, advisory board meets monthly and advertisement and promotion workers. oversees the project.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 338 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Additional Staffing and Resources

Event Management Staff Internship Opportunity Social Issues Education

University of Redlands Oakland University Fordham University Enrollment:3,723 Enrollment:13,600 Enrollment:13,909 Private, Four Year Institution Public,Four Year Institution Private, Four Year Institution Doug Everhart, M.A. Barbara E.Talbot,Ph.D. Bill Trabakino,M.Ed. Director of Leadership and Recreation Coordinator Director Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Counseling Center Student Assistance Program Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Objective: •To maintain a safe environment at events Objective: Objectives: where alcohol is served •To provide professional opportunities •To coordinate the programming of for graduate level students multiple committees on health issues Description: •To promote discussion and awareness of For each campus event that is open to the Description: health issues among the student body entire campus community and is serving The Counseling Center is a teaching clinic alcohol,an Event ManagementTeam in which both Master’s and Doctoral level Description: composed of three work study students students from counseling and psychology F.U.S.E.(Fordham University Social-Issues is assigned to assist the organization spon- programs may do an internship.Interns are Education) serves as an umbrella organiza- soring the social event.The team assists supervised by senior staff members who tion for eight programming committees: with the entire event,beginning with the are fully licensed clinical psychologists with Alcohol and Other Drug Issues in Education; start of the planning process.An Event 15 or more years of experience.Much of Community;Leadership;Women’s Issues; Consultant helps the organization with the campus’prevention work is conducted HIV and AIDS Awareness;C.U.L.T.U.R.E.; the paperwork and other details during by the interns,under the administration Campus Assault and Rape Education;and the event planning process. and coordination of the Counseling Center’s Wellness.Each committee,composed of senior staff. students and administrators,provides two During the event,the Security Person on programs each month and a substantially the team is responsible for maintaining a larger program each semester.Committees, safe environment and ensuring that those such as the Alcohol and Other Drug Issues who do consume alcohol are eligible to in Education Committee,draw upon the do so and are doing so responsibly.The collaboration of other campus groups to Alcohol Monitor manages the actual serv- reach multiple groups on campus. ing of alcohol,including checking IDs and making sure that guests are both eligible and responsible.All individuals serving on an Event ManagementTeam are required to complete TIPS (Training for Intervention Procedures by Servers of alcohol) training. Additional training emphasizes the neces- sity of the team working together to create and maintain both a safe environment and a successful event.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 339 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 340 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION

The area of policies and implementation comprise the development Policy implementation includes the definition of procedures to of campus policies,supportive procedures,review processes and follow when encountering a policy violation. For example,faculty dissemination of policy information.This category relates directly and staff may be given instruction in handling difficult situations to enforcement.It also connects with other elements in a and in providing appropriate documentation and reporting to local comprehensive campus program;for example,the awareness authorities.Community-based alcohol license holders may be and information component of some institutions’programs may required to attend a meeting focusing on shared responsibilities, include the dissemination of policy information,training may marketing on campus,and other university policies. include preparing staff and faculty to make referrals to law enforce- Similarly,policies may indicate how students are to be treated after ment bodies,and support services may provide a sanction to those a violation;options may include an educational sanction,a fine,a who are referred by the courts because of an identified problem with judicial hearing,a discussion group,an educational group,outside or violation related to alcohol. assignments,and/or a service activity.Publicity regarding these A wide variety of policies involving alcohol emerge from the policies and consequences may be widespread. institution’s mission,others arise from liability considerations and Professionals emphasize that policies should be implemented or still others are based on federal,state or local law.Further,some changed only if there is a need.Further,they stress the importance of policies seek to reverse existing campus traditions or norms,includ- enforcement efforts being consistent.These individuals stress that a ing campus newspaper advertisements and athletic events.Specific committee effort,with particular emphasis upon student involve- policies are based on the unique needs and goals of an institution, ment,is important when a campus is deciding on policy.Specific and may have a specific,stated philosophical foundation. groups with individual needs (e.g., Greek organizations,athletic The hosting of a social event is a significant policy area.Numerous teams) benefit from participation in the design of policies which policies,such as registrations,are used when students or student affect them. organizations plan parties where alcohol is to be consumed. There is especially a need for commitment to the policy by faculty Programs for specified individuals and sometimes all members of members and deans.Professionals note that developing and an organization may also buttress policy stipulations.Educating implementing a comprehensive campus policy for alcohol abuse student leaders on the policies concerning alcohol use on the is a long-term effort and one that takes patience on behalf of the campus is another approach. program planners.Associated with this is their observation that it takes a while to obtain faculty support.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 341 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Drug Education and Prevention Team University of Vermont

Contact: options,limiting alcohol advertising on others.The coordinator of the university’s University of Vermont campus,transportation to off-campus Alcohol and Drug Services Program met Enrollment:9,111 Public,Four Year Institution substance free activities,eliminating mixed with city officials to review the problem messages (such as campus bookstores of bars advertising on campus. Dennis McBee promoting greeting cards that make light Coordinator The City Council Liquor Licensing Board Alcohol and Drug Education Program of student alcohol abuse),and an on-going held a meeting called “The Spirits of Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook review of campus climate and community Burlington.”All license holders were standards pertaining to substance use. Objectives: required to attend.This meeting set the A major concern on UVM’s campus was the tone for a series of meetings concerning •To promote a new framework to approach existence of full-page ads in the student alcohol marketing on UVM’s campus. student alcohol use issues newspaper promoting beer.A“Buy Back Meetings highlighted the “shared responsi- •To develop a strategy for improving the the Back Page”campaign raised $10,000 bility”between city and university in campus that emphasizes the quality of to buy the advertising contract from the responding to the problem.Agreements the campus environment student newspapers.Student groups, were reached informing owners that future Description: university departments,staff,and faculty complaints of violation of university policy The Alcohol and Drug Education and pro-health ads prepared and purchased concerning alcohol promotion could result Prevention Team (ADEPT) uses a broad- to take the place of national brewery in license suspensions.“Responsible owner- based approach to promote a healthy advertisements.Subsequently,the newspa- ship,”required by city ordinance,would campus environment.Incorporating the per’s staff rejected any national alcohol now be understood to include following techniques of labor and community organ- advertisements.While local bars would university policy on university grounds. izing with the community development not be prohibited from advertising in the As evidence of ADEPT’s success the editorial model of prevention,this approach focuses student newspaper,drink specials,discount policy has remained unchanged despite on empowering students through the prices,and other techniques designed to five changes in the student newspaper’s provision of training and ongoing support. encourage excessive drinking would not editorial staff.The number of complaints ADEPT promotes community awareness, be accepted. brought to the Alcohol and Drug Services builds common causes among diverse Local bars and student groups freely dis- Coordinator concerning posters and flyers student groups,and encourages student tributed flyers on campus,often in viola- in violation of the university’s policy has activism on alcohol and other drug use tion of university policy and,in some cases, gone from an average of three per week to issues.ADEPT encourages the development state liquor control laws.Many ads were a total of three in the last academic year. of a comprehensive campus prevention insensitive to women,ethnic groups,and plan that includes substance free living

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 342 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Policy Update and Judicial Review Emerson College

Contact: Previously,there had been some confusion To ensure fairness and consistency in policy Emerson College around what was considered appropriate implementation,a judicial review task Enrollment:3,193 Private,Four Year Institution behavior on the part of faculty,staff force was convened to update protocols, and students. sanctions,and streamline paperwork and Ron Ludman, Ph.D. communication within the judicial system. Dean of Students The group gathered copies of all college Published in 1996 Sourcebook documents as well as copies of policies Since the implementing of the new policy, at other colleges in the region. some anecdotal evidence suggests that Objectives: several positive changes have taken place •To review the judicial policies and A draft policy was prepared and presented on the campus.Communication between procedures and enforcement activities to the student body for input;it was then departments involved in handling judicial regarding on campus alcohol use reviewed by the college’s senior adminis- procedures has been enhanced and •To clarify and instill consistency in policies tration.After final changes were made, sanctioning appears consistent across the and sanctions for policy violations the policy was disseminated with a cover campus.A specific review of the number of •To articulate a campus philosophy letter from the president to all faculty,staff violations,the consistency of enforcement, statement regarding drug and alcohol and students. the sanctions used and follow-through is use and abuse Legal age,quantity,use in common areas, conducted at the end of the academic year. intoxication,advertising and posting, Description: There appears to be a heightened aware- activities and events,student organization A task force,consisting of 20 faculty,staff ness of campus expectations regarding events,on-campus events and authorized and students,was convened to focus on drug and alcohol use.Faculty,staff and approval agents are included in the policy. creating a healthy campus environment, students are uniformly utilizing policy Typical minimum sanctions are also to update judicial procedures and to guidelines regarding the presence of specified in the policy statement. enhance training for staff involved in alcohol at these events. the enforcement of the regulation.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 343 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Substance Use Sanctions Hood College

Contacts: enforcing the policy and its sanctions.The fine and a one-hour educational program Hood College new policy and sanctions were presented with the goal of assisting the student with Enrollment:2,022 Private,Four Year Institution and explained to the college community, self-assessment and early intervention.For and the reasons for formulating the new a second offense the fine is $150,writing Paula R. Mullins, R.N. Director of Health Center plan and the student groups involved in an educational paper and providing 10 Mary Ann Kerins, M.Ed.,M.S. writing it were discussed in-depth.Imple- hours of service.For a third offense,the fine Counselor mentation and follow-through were increases to $200 and a four session edu- Published in 1996 Sourcebook stressed.The college policy clearly states cational program is specified.Ten hours that the abuse of alcohol and the use or of service and attending two Alcoholics Objectives: possession of alcohol by anyone under Anonymous meetings,accompanied by a •To create and maintain a safe campus 21 years of age is prohibited at all college peer counselor or peer educator,are also environment that is free of illegal drugs locations,within any of its facilities or required.The fourth offense results in a and the abusive use of alcohol and/or drug s vehicles,and at any college sponsored or $250 fine,a structured interview paper, •To create an opportunity for students supervised activity on or off campus.Also 10 hours of service and a mandated assess- to learn skills and attitudes to handle specified is the fact that anyone who sells ment at a local substance abuse service the non-use or use of alcohol in ways or serves alcohol to individuals under 21 is agency.The fifth offense results in suspen- that are beneficial to self and others breaking the law. sion or expulsion from the college.In the •To convince students that public displays case of unpaid fines for all offenses,a Sanctions,approved for use with any stu- of intoxication and its consequences that financial hold is placed on a student’s dent who is cited for “disruptive behavior” infringe on the rights of others will not records and the student is unable to receive or “behavior unbecoming to a Hood be tolerated grades,to register or to graduate until the student,”are described in the Student fine has been paid. Description: Handbook.The handbook specifies that Awareness that the use of alcohol was students will be held accountable for all Any student who has been taken to the becoming a problem and that campus poli- policies and regulations. hospital for problems resulting from cies were being ignored motivated student substance use must undergo a Drug and For each of the first four offenses,course peer groups,the Counseling Center,the Alcohol Assessment at a local substance registration is blocked until the elements Health Center,Human Resources,Security abuse services agency. of the sanction are completed.In addition, and the Dean of Students to rewrite the the sanctions for a first offense are a $100 policy and to make a commitment to

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 344 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Education Workshop Stetson University

Contact: decision-making skills.To notify student A discussion of what constitutes responsi- Stetson University leaders of the upcoming workshop,letters ble drinking and irresponsible drinking Enrollment:2,897 Private,Four Year Institution are sent to the campus organizations makes up a significant portion of the informing them of the times and ground workshop.Responsible drinking is defined Kirsten Fogle Alcohol Education Coordinator rules for the session.Times and dates are as “the use of alcohol in ways that harm Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook also posted in the student newspaper and neither the individual nor society.” handbook,with sign-up sheets located in Irresponsible drinking encompasses behav- Objectives: the student union building. iors such as gulping drinks,rationalization, •To provide information about alcohol, behavior change,and blackouts.Discussion Coordinated by the university’s Student Life policies,and decision-making skills also emphasizes “do’s and don’t’s”for the Department,the workshop incorporates •To prepare campus organizations to care of an intoxicated person,as well as the discussion,role play situations,and infor- host responsible social events that hazards associated with heavy drinking. mation and handouts.Policy information serve alcohol Role play activities are also included. includes the drinking age laws,campus Description: guidelines for service of alcohol,program These workshops have been highly rated A policy change occurred when the univer- registration,advertisement,and related by students,and information gained from sity went from a dry campus to a campus judicial activity.State laws regarding the evaluation form provides information that permitted alcohol in specific situa- possession of alcohol while under age 21, about additional topics that students tions.Campus organizations who wish to possession of a false identification card, would like to see addressed in campus serve alcohol at their functions are required open container in a vehicle,and open programming. to have 80 percent of their membership container on a street are highlighted. attend an information workshop once each Conviction for these types of misde- year.The workshop is designed to help meanors or felonies and the fact that this attendees understand the university’s information is often requested on a job policy,to promote discussion,and to application are discussed. provide information about alcohol and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 345 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol Policy for Milwaukee Institute of Art Students and Employees and Design

Contact: beverages on the property of the Institute; Major offenses are directly referred to the Milwaukee Institute of Art second,no announcements and/or adver- judicial committee. and Design tisements that encourage excessive alcohol Enrollment:511 Central to the implementation of the consumption will be permitted on the Public,Four Year Institution campus-wide policy is the role of Student campus. Derek DeYarman Advisors (SAs).They frequently remind Residence Hall Director MIAD distributes its policies in writing students of the consequences of drinking Published in 1996 Sourcebook to all employees.The students’policy is to their health and to their academics.The Objectives: included in the college catalog;students SAs are trained to recognize and confront also receive information through the drinking problems as well as to be good •To reduce the short-term behavioral student handbook as well as through dis- role models.The backbone of alcohol problems associated with alcohol cussions in the residence hall.The policy education is what is called the “teachable •To maintain a healthy and efficient includes a description of health risks, moment,”and the SAs try to take advan- atmosphere,free from the effects of description of applicable legal sanctions, tage of the spontaneous,informal moment alcohol abuse the availability of counseling,and rehabili- that inevitably presents itself to make a Description: tation or reentry programs for students. statement about alcohol abuse issues. The policy of the Milwaukee Institute of Consequences for minor student violations For the employee,the Policy and Art and Design (MIAD) addresses student are ten hours of community service plus Procedures Manual states that involvement and employee alcohol abuse on the cam- disciplinary probation for the first offense. with drugs and alcohol can adversely affect pus,which is viewed as an offense against The second offense carries a fine of $25 job performance,jeopardize an employee’s the MIAD community,inconsiderate to plus 10 hours of community service and well-being and undermine the professional one’s neighbors and poor role modeling. a mandatory meeting with the Vice and academic stature of the Institute. The policy presents the procedures for the President for Student Life.The third offense Violation of the policy is grounds for imme- use of alcohol and also serves as a support results in a disciplinary action hearing.For diate disciplinary sanctions (up to and mechanism for individuals who believe the violation of providing alcohol to a including termination of employment and they are suffering from a problem.Integral minor,the first offense results in a discipli- referral for legal prosecution). Disciplinary to the policy is the emphasis that students nary action hearing,and a second offense sanctions may include referrals to an and employees should understand that results in referral to the local police depart- appropriate rehabilitation program. civil laws become MIAD laws and that the ment.When a student is found in violation Further,employees are advised that if Institute reserves the right to refer viola- of the policy,the set of measures specified they are convicted of any violation of an tions to civil authorities for prosecution. is tailored to the specific incident;sanctions alcohol law or statute they must notify Central to the policy are two regulations: are provided to the student in writing. the president’s office within five days of first,no individual should be found the conviction. consuming or possessing alcoholic

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 346 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus Alcohol Policy Luther College

Contact: faculty,staff and students who made up Board,referral to an eight-hour Education Luther College the Student Life/Human Relations Program and other educational activities. Enrollment:2,383 Private,Four Year Institution Committee.The Committee wanted to The second offense results in a conference implement a policy that would be caring with the Director of Residence Life or the Sally H. Mallam,M.S. Chemical Health and Wellness Education rather than punitive.The basis of the Associate Dean for Student Life.Sanctions Published in 1996 Sourcebook revised policy is to curtail alcohol-focused include notification of the student’s Co- events.Another aspect of the new policy is curricular Activity Director(s) and Academic Objectives: that students are accountable for their Advisor,notification of parent or guardian, •To reduce the number of alcohol actions and that the residential life staff attendance at an eight-hour alcohol educa- violations in the residence halls knows that students will experience conse- tion program and a fine of $100 and/or 12 •To implement an alcohol policy that is quences if they are found in violation of hours of community service.Discretionary caring in nature,rather than punitive the alcohol policy. actions in addition to these consequences •To have students be accountable for are referral to the Campus Hearing Board, The alcohol policy identifies numerous their actions residence hall eviction, referral for alcohol alcohol related violations including vandal- or psychological counseling (at the stu- ism,excessive noise and harassing or dis- Description: dent’s expense) and other educational Following a 1995 task force report which ruptive behavior.Specific scenarios are activities.A third alcohol-related violation recommended that the alcohol policy be indicated in the policy to provide guidance results in a conference with the Associate reviewed,a revised alcohol policy for all to the student and the staff (for example, Dean for Student Life.Sanctions comprise students was established on the campus. alcohol’s involvement in a noise situation, all of the following: renotification of the The initial policy had specified that“the such as a party that overflows into hallway, Co-curricular Activity Director(s) and possession,consumption or sale of alco- is described). Academic Advisor,renotification of parent holic beverages at any campus event is Also new in the campus policy are the con- or guardian and off-campus psychological prohibited.Further no college or residence sequences associated with alcohol-related and alcohol/chemical abuse evaluation (at halls funds may be expended for the offenses.For a first offense the student has the student’s expense),and a requirement purchase of alcoholic beverages.”Other a conference with the Residence Hall that the student must follow-up with the aspects of the original policy included Director.Sanctions include a letter of pro- recommendations of the psychological limitations of specific locations,no bation and the attendance at a two-hour evaluation.Discretionary actions include allowability of kegs,and the responsibility alcohol education class.Discretionary referral to the Campus Hearing Board for for one’s own and others’behaviors and actions include referral to the Student Life consideration of suspension or expulsion consequences.The new policy evolved from Office,referral to the Campus Hearing and residence hall eviction.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 347 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus-wide Alcohol Awareness Program Eastern Oregon State College

Contact: campus environment.As such, Athletics, protect the College and State of Oregon Eastern Oregon State College Student Health,Nursing,the Counseling of legal liability.”Advertising policies for Enrollment:1,931 Public,Four Year Institution Center,Residence Life and the Health and alcohol-related activities are those adopted Physical Education faculty have worked by the Inter-Association Task Force on Mike Daugherty,M.Ed. Director,Residence Life Office together on the campus’issues related to Alcohol and Other Substance Abuse Issues. Published in 1996 Sourcebook alcohol use.A primary goal of this effort is Publicity regarding the policies emphasizes to expose as myth the notion that abusing the fact that the majority of students do alcohol is an accepted part of the collegiate Objectives: not abuse alcohol or tolerate behavior by •To initiate a complete review of the experience.Information sessions about persons under the influence of intoxicants. college’s alcohol policies and disciplinary the dangers of alcohol abuse are offered College leaders believe that the emphasis practices throughout the year.This service is pro- on positive peer values will reduce the •To better educate the campus community, vided by the counseling and health staff incidence of alcohol abuse.Central to the provide positive role modeling,and to assist to those who wish to address program is the theme that“appropriate implement effective policies and practices difficulties associated with alcohol abuse. conduct is celebrated,inappropriate •To encourage students to be responsible The policies are published each academic conduct is subject to discipline.” in their decisions and actions regarding term in the Schedule of Classes.This “Drug alcohol use Policies appear to be consistently enforced and Alcohol Policies,Laws,Available •To reduce alcohol-related disciplinary and penalties administered in a fair and Treatment,Health Risks”is distributed so problems equitable manner.Alcohol policy infrac- that students are exposed to and made tions are handled through a system of aware of the college’s policies on substance Description: fines,which was implemented to replace use.These policies are also included in the A central element of the college’s campus- community service assignments which Student Handbook and the Faculty/Staff wide effort is the clearly articulated poli- were not effectively communicating the Handbook.Both of these publications are cies which are complemented by extensive seriousness of first-time offenses.It is clear revised and distributed annually. support services throughout the campus that the college will impose appropriate Orientation programs for new students, and community.The campus is noted for its sanctions upon those who do not abide faculty and staff include coverage of these dedication to the mission of the institution, by the policies.In this regard,an excellent policies.As part of the policy,the college undergraduate instruction and regional working relationship exists between the acknowledges that consumption of alcohol service.With this foundation,the Dean of college administrative leadership and the by members of the college community at Student Affairs initiated a complete review local police concerning law enforcement. of the college’s alcohol policies and discipli- or above the age of 21 is “a lawful activity Central to the campus’policies on drug and nary procedures and a special task force and matter of personal choice.”The policy alcohol abuse is that they are the same for was established to review and recommend emphasizes that“the exercising of this all members of the campus community. a new policy for the institution. right,however,requires knowledge,per- sonal responsibility,and responsibility to Further,the college subscribes to the “prin- The current campus-wide effort in alcohol the community.In addition to these,the ciples of an institution wide policy on drug awareness,policies and programs is a institution has the obligation to promote use and alcohol abuse for Oregon Higher direct result of strong leadership and well-being,to embark on reasonable Education,”which was developed by the support at the senior staff level of the enforcement of rules and regulations as Oregon Business Council and Higher institution.The college believes that an a matter of institutional integrity,and to Education Leaders. interdepartmental approach best fits the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 348 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S College Policy Discussion for Greeks Rhodes College

Contact: Description: “swaps,”which usually result in the issuing Rhodes College A panel discussion by administrators and of alcohol violations.The Assistant Director Enrollment:1,469 Private,Four Year Institution student leaders addressed the college alco- of Counseling served as the coordinator hol policy and its enforcement,including and convener of the panel and the Ricci Hellman, Ed.D. Administrative Director the college’s alcohol policy,how the policy Assistant Dean of Student Affairs presented Health Services is enforced and available resources for stu- the college alcohol policy,enforcement Published in 1996 Sourcebook dents with substance misuse problems. and sanctions.The Director of Counseling Information was also provided on how to explained how to recognize alcohol Objectives: properly register on-campus parties,how problems and noted that resources are •To inform fraternity and sorority members to be responsible in the use of alcohol available on and off campus for concerned about the college alcohol policy and sanctions for policy infractions. students.A representative from the •To educate the student community about Student Peer Education Group discussed Because the campus is primarily residential pol i c y enfor cem e n t and available res o u r ces trends and alcohol use patterns during with a heavy enrollment in fraternities and his years at the college and a student sororities,the program was targeted at the representative from the Rhodes Activities Greek organizations;all Greek organiza- Board talked about how to properly tions were encouraged to require members register events on campus and how to to attend.The program was held prior to be a responsible party host. the Greek organizations holding their

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 349 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Commission for the Prevent i o n of Alco h o l , Tob a c c o,and Oth e r Drug Abu s e Penn State University

Contacts: commission’s members each have three- Integral to the success of the commission is Penn State University year terms;students are elected for the the emphasis on the need for a commu- Enrollment:72,000 Public,Four Year Institution remainder of their tenure at the university. nity-wide approach to changing the cul- In addition,five ex-officio members,who ture of high-risk use of alcohol by students. Natalie Croll,M.Ed. Assistant Director are experts on alcohol or campus life,are The diverse members of the commission Health Promotion and Education permanently appointed to the commission use their linkages to the campus and com- William Asbury,M.S. as non-voting members. munity to facilitate change.The support of Vice President for Student Affairs the Vice President for Student Affairs and Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook The mission of the commission is to the President of the University are essen- develop a university community that is tial.Specific strategies and successes within “responsive to the life-threatening nature Objectives: each of the four goal areas are noted by the •To designate a single policy body to of alcohol,tobacco,and other drug (ATOD) commission.Strategies include a standard promote changes in university policies, abuse and specifically makes prevention, for alcohol intervention programs for all practices,and publications regarding intervention,and treatment programs of campuses,annual phone surveys,active substance issues substance abuse and related problems a involvement of the faculty senate,review •To recommend programs that encourage priority.”This vision emphasizes the com- of new student orientation,linkages with a low risk “culture” mitment of all members of the university local vendors,development of a commis- community to foster “a culture that values sion Web site,coverage in alumni publica- Description: healthy lifestyle choices.”The commission’s tions,athletic events with public service Convened in 1993,the Penn State four goals are to increase commitment announcements such as “Good fans are Commission for the Prevention of Alcohol, from university leadership,decrease hard to come by:Celebrate safely”and a Tobacco,and Other Drug Abuse was initi- the number of students experiencing rewards and recognition ceremony. ated as a policy body for substance issues. problems,decrease students’use of In 1996,the group was officially granted substances,and increase involvement In addition,the evaluation strategies incor- commission status to formally work to of multiple constituencies in prevention porate information from numerous sources promote appropriate changes in university and intervention efforts. regarding the extent to which each of the policies,practices,and publications.For four goals is accomplished.Strategies The commission’s planning process used three years,the commission undertook a include references to drug or alcohol issues, the Team Decision Center at Tennessee strategic planning process that will guide attendance at meetings,survey of faculty, State University as a helpful tool.Through its future actions and serve as a framework data collection from students,monitoring the use of a series of network computers, for the university. the judicial records,and documentation of the computerized decision-making center behavioral change. The commission consists of thirty-five allows individuals to plan simultaneously appointed members who are faculty,staff, and anonymously.Participants provide students,administrators,and community feedback and questions,rank issues,vote members.Representing all campuses of and become actively involved. the university and their communities,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 350 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Documented Response To Substance Use Binghamton University

Contact: Description: The brochure“Campus Response to Alcohol Binghamton University The Campus Alcohol and Substance and Other Substance Use”was developed, Enrollment:11,978 Public,Four Year Institution Abuse Education and Advisory Committee finalized,and distributed to all faculty, developed and adopted a university-wide administrators,support staff,student Linda Salomons Assistant Director of Campus Activities/ philosophical statement,regarding sub- organizations,and residential life staff. The SHAPE Project Coordinator stance abuse:Binghamton University’s In addition,it is available in many campus Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook Philosophy Regarding Substance Use.The offices and departments. results of the Faculty and Staff Survey were Included in this 16-page document are a Objectives: reviewed and connected to the university’s letter from the President,the university’s •To summarize campus policies and philosophy statement.The Alcohol philosophy on substance use,documenta- resources on alcohol and other substances Committee determined that an informative tion about why drugs and alcohol are of •To provide information for faculty and document would be helpful to faculty and concern,policies on drugs and alcohol,the staff as they assist students staff members. campus’employee assistance program, The intent of the document was to present how to identify a problem,the need to be a policy,resources,philosophy and risks in a positive role model,health risks of various format that would be both informative and substances,federal and state laws,and an easy reference for faculty and staff,as campus resources. well as helpful to students and parents. Drug Education and Prevention Committee Troy State University at Dothan

Contact: awareness programs on alcohol,tobacco, activities are a rally and picnic at the Troy State University at Dothan and drugs.The committee has representa- beginning of the academic year,an annual Enrollment:2,273 Public,Four Year Institution tives from each unit of the university, wellness fair,and an in-service training including the university’s Public Relations program for faculty and staff. Pamela Williamson,M.Ed. Office.Student clubs and organizations also Director of Counseling Services Thr oughout the academic yea r ,other event s Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook have voting members on the committee. sponsored by student clubs are held.For While originally appointed by the univer- exa m p l e ,the Tie-One-On Campaign is offere d sity president,the current committee Objectives: in conjunction with insurance agencies, •To coordinate the dissemination of members are selected by their respective and the Safe Spring Break is prepared in information on substances departmental units.Meeting quarterly, con j u n c tion with the Outdo or Sign Ass oc i at i o n . •To promote cross-disciplined implemen- the committee approves or disapproves Project Safe Graduation is a May activity tation of campus-wide events proposed events. prepared in conjunction with the local Description: Serving a commuting student population, Substance Abuse Partnership Coalition.An The Drug Education and Prevention the committee develops awareness and annual consumer satisfaction rating is Committee is the primary vehicle for information programming designed to de te r mined by incor por ating sever al questions disseminating information and promoting meet these students’unique needs.Specific in the graduating senior questionnaire.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 351 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S DUI Prevention Program University of South Alabama

Contact: police,is someone who has been charged completed each week and shared in University of South Alabama with driving under the influence of mind group discussions the following week. Enrollment:12,254 and/or mood altering substances.The pro- Public,Four Year Institution Before participation in the group,students gram is geared toward first and second David Hodge,M.S. are made aware of their rights and respon- offenders,as identified through discipline Manager sibilities.Rights include a commitment that Substance Abuse Counseling hearings.(3)The “at risk”substance abuser, there is no special observation occurring Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook as identified by staff or peers,is someone during the group,that the program is not who has suffered numerous negative con- engaging in research projects that use Objectives: sequences as a result of his/her use of them as subjects,that they may refuse to •To counsel and educate students at risk mind and/or mood altering chemicals. participate in any or all part(s) of the pro- for substance abuse Upon receiving a referral from any of gram,that there are no hidden program •To prevent future offenses by those in vio- these three sources,the student makes costs,that information shared is completely lation of campus substance abuse policies an appointment for a screening interview confidential,and that they have a right to •To establish a firm referral system that at the center. share grievances or complaints. works for on-campus and off-campus The program consists of 12 hours of coun- Responsibilities include the need to honor referrals seling/education groups over a six-week the confidentiality of all participants,to Description: period.In addition,a screening interview inform project staff of any health problem, The DUI Prevention Program was devel- and an exit interview are conducted with to respect the rights of participants,and oped in response to the unusually high the Manager of Substance Abuse.During staff to be direct and honest about their DUI rate on the campus.This confidential the screening interview,the center staff lifestyles,to be on time for all program program assists those students who are determine if the referred student is activities,to complete all assignments,and charged with driving under the influence, appropriate for this program;the to practice discretion in dress,language are found to be in violation of the campus students in need of intensive treatment and appearance. substance abuse policy,and/or are are referred elsewhere,and students who To promote campus support,internal identified to be at risk for substance have no issues with substance abuse are marketing is done through presentations abuse.The Campus Substance Abuse not accepted. to referral sources such as Counseling Staff, Education/Prevention Training Center The counseling/education group,with a Student Health Staff,Housing Staff,Police works with the courts and the disciplinary maximum of 10 students participating,is Staff,and the Discipline Staff.External committee at the request and authoriza- used because of the support and vicarious marketing includes a mailing to district tion of the student. learning that takes place in a small group. court judges within a 50-mile radius of the Students referred from three sources are Held on Fridays to avoid conflict with most university and follow-up telephone calls. considered for the program.(1)The campus classes,at least one group is offered each Evaluation of the program illustrates that substance abuse policy violator is a student academic term.Each week,the group students are pleased with the way that the who is consistently involved in campus begins with a lecture from the group facili- program is handled.Although the DUI “partying,”which violates the policy tator on a specific topic;this is supported arrests have remained constant in recent identified in the Student Handbook.(2)The by a video,reading materials,and assess- years,no repeat offenders have been in DUI offender,as identified by the court and ment tools.An outside assignment is the program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 352 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Focus on Alcohol Referrals and Enforcement (FARE) University of Colorado at Boulder

Contact: was revised to reduce alcohol abuse and purchase or be in the possession of any University of Colorado at Boulder to promote more responsible behavior. alcohol.Regarding purchase of alcohol, Enrollment:24,548 individuals between the ages of 21 and Public,Four Year Institution The Focus on Alcohol Referrals and 25 may purchase one beer at a time; Jean Kim, Ed.D. Enforcement (FARE) program was designed individuals ages 25 and over may purchase Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs to assure that everyone purchasing a ticket Published in 1996 Sourcebook no more than two beers at a time. to a football game was aware of the alco- hol policies.The policy specifies that no The consequences for not following the Objectives: alcohol may be brought into the stadium policy are that the individual is contacted •To promote awareness of the alcohol and that visibly intoxicated individuals will by security or a police officer,who then policies at the campus football games be denied entry into the stadium. completes a university contact card and/or •To enforce the policies swiftly and issues a Boulder County summons resulting consistently Flyers were distributed throughout the in the violation having to go to court.In campus;one flyer stated “Going to a CU addition,the violator is escorted out of the Description: football game this fall? Beware of FARE!” stadium for the remainder of the game. Alcohol abuse was cited as a significant The flyer lists the consequences for not Violators must also attend a Student problem at campus sporting events,partic- following the new policy.It also states that Conduct Conference during the week ularly football games.The campus policy individuals under the age of 21 may not following the game.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 353 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Fraternity Alcohol Policy for Theme Parties Southern Louisiana University

Contact: proposal developed by one fraternity At the main entrance,guests must present Southeastern Louisiana University was adopted with minor changes.This new a valid ID and their name must be on a Enrollment:14,344 Public,Four Year Institution procedure promotes enforceable policies guest list.Each guest’s age is checked; for registered events held by student those 21 years of age and older are given Jim McHodgkins, M.S. Assistant Dean of Student Development organizations. a wrist band and have their right hand Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook stamped “yes”and those under age 21 Each fraternity chapter forms a special have their left hand stamped “no.”The eight-person committee,which includes alcoholic beverages brought by each indi- Objectives: the president,vice president,social chair, •To reduce the number of underage vidual are checked at the door and taken and treasurer,to uphold the laws and poli- drinkers at parties directly to the bar.The amount of beer cies concerning alcohol consumption.When •To reduce the amount of alcohol available brought in by any one individual is limited an event is planned,these eight individuals at social events to six cans of beer.The four committee are required to meet as a group with the •To promote self-monitoring by fraternities members who serve as floor monitors Assistant Dean of Student Development at social events escort to the door any guests or members who reviews the campus alcohol policy and who break the under 21 law. Description: the state law.Once the committee agrees Following changes in state laws and to uphold and enforce the policies and law, This policy was implemented during subsequent policy alterations by the uni- each member signs an alcohol agreement Theme Night Parties with very positive versity’s Board of Trustees,the university’s form.At this point the event becomes results.No fights or incidents occurred at administration decided to stop permitting registered.The committee members attend any party;the only problem was someone social events where underage drinking the functions and act in three distinct trying to gain admittance when his/her occurs.At the alcohol policy meetings roles:two members remain at the door to name was not on the guest list.Numerous for university Greek organizations,the determine who gains access to the event, students mentioned how much fun they fraternity presidents,advisors,and social four members are floor monitors,and two had at these social events. chairpersons were asked for their help in members staff the bar.In addition, two developing a viable solution.A specific policemen are present.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 354 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Policies and Procedures: University of Nebraska Chemical Dependency Medical Center

Contact: This policy outlines the procedures by This designee also monitors the student’s University of Nebraska which an individual with a substance progress during aftercare in cooperation Medical Center Enrollment:2,770 abuse problem may seek confidential with student counseling.Similar proce- Public,Four Year Institution assistance from Student Counseling or dures are identified for employee or Kathy Kriegler,M.S. the Faculty/Employee Assistance Program faculty members who become impaired Coordinator on a voluntary basis,or how they may to the degree that they are incapable of Published in 1996 Sourcebook be referred to these services on a performing the requirements of their job mandatory basis. adequately or safely. Objectives: Individuals from the campus community Students,faculty and employees who are •To provide consistent policies and pro- identified for mandatory referrals shall of mandatory referral status due to chemi- cedures for students and employees with be those who demonstrate any of five cal impairment are required to sign written substance abuse or dependency concerns behaviors related to drug or alcohol use. contracts stating the terms of assessment, •To demonstrate leadership to the campus These behaviors include a pattern of poor treatment and ongoing recovery.Those community regarding appropriate and job or academic performance;disciplinary who refuse to comply with contract timely handling of substance abuse problems (such as absenteeism and tardi- requirements may be subject to further problems ness);violations of the law that impact job disciplinary action up to and including Description: performance;the diversion of controlled dismissal.Responsibility for costs of The position of the University of Nebraska substances;and other acts that violate the evaluation,treatment or aftercare shall Medical Center (UNMC) is that“chemical college substance abuse policy. be borne by the student,employee or dependency is a disease that can endanger faculty member. Procedures for mandatory referral begin the health and well-being of students, with the designation of an administrator or The implementation of the policy is diffi- employees and faculty and can have a faculty member in each academic unit who cult to measure since the information negative effect on the public they serve.” documents reports of impaired academic regarding individuals who have obtained With this foundation,UNMC is taking a or clinical performance,confronts the assistance for substance abuse problems community leadership role in health care impaired student,and coordinates their through these channels is confidential. professional education,research,and referral to student counseling for chemical public education about substance use, dependency assessment and treatment. abuse and dependency.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 355 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Quality Improvement Team on AOD Prevention and Intervention Syracuse University

Contact: strategic plan for the reduction of drug and identify those conditions essential for Syracuse University alcohol abuse at the university. reaching these goals.The first goal is to Enrollment:19,973 support scholarly learning as the central Private,Four Year Institution The quality improvement efforts for drug mission of the university.The second is to Deborah A. McLean,MSW and alcohol abuse prevention and inter- promote a culturally and socially diverse Special Assistant to the Vice President vention include the development of a Published in 1996 Sourcebook climate that supports the development of university-wide,umbrella policy for drugs each member of the community.The third and alcohol,problem identification and is to uphold the highest ideals of personal Objectives: judicial interventions. •To apply the university’s quality and academic honesty.Finally,the policy management system to improving drug The plan specifies support for substance- emphasizes maintaining a safe and and alcohol prevention and intervention free and/or wellness promoting social and healthy environment for each member •To implement a set of proactive adminis- residential living options;educational pro- of the community. trative practices grams geared toward raising consciousness; Six guiding principles provide a philosophi- •To increase awareness of policy goals, public information strategies to correct mis- cal framework for the policy.The first is the maintain consistency in enforcement and perceived norms,and a systematic process “university as a community”under which establish willingness to support policy to identify,triage and match problem- a demonstrable interest in the intellectual, enforcement. drinkers with appropriate risk-reduction physical,and psychological well-being of interventions.The plan also identifies the community members is noted. Description: program evaluation as a critical action step Syracuse University Improving Quality with emphasis on outcomes and impact. The second principle is “proactive (SUIQ) is the quality initiative designed to approach”which emphasizes the institu- The plan specifies some long-term results improve the effectiveness of administrative tion of policies and procedures that sustain that are expected from this comprehensive services,especially those that directly healthy community-wide norms.The third approach.They include reductions in alco- support learning.The principles of SUIQ is “prevention and assistance”which hol-related disciplinary actions,alcohol- have been applied to create a coordinated emphasizes activities that the University related damage/vandalism in residence prevention and early intervention approach provides to create as an environment halls,alcohol-related illnesses and injuries through the Division of Student Affairs. that discourages the unacceptable use of and students’frequent or heavy alcohol use. SUIQ is a systematic approach to improving alcohol and helps to prevent problems administrative practices that are grounded Corrective actions accomplished so far related to its use.The fourth principle is in four basic principles.These include include development and extensive “comprehensiveness”which emphasizes a (1) meet the need of customers;(2) work campus-wide discussion on the university- comprehensive,integrated set of policies toward continuous improvement;(3) man- wide proposed Policy on Alcohol and Other and practices.“Jurisdiction”is the fifth age by prevention;and (4) measure by the Drugs.The policy document acknowledges principle and it describes the geographic cost of quality. the university’s mission to“promote learn- and demographic characteristics of the ing through teaching,research,scholarship, Prior to the implementation of the Quality population governed by the policy includ- creative accomplishments and service.”It Improvement Team (QIT) and the ing students and student organization, also links the policy to the university’s Substance Abuse Prevention Project,the faculty,staff,guests and visitors.The last Compact.The Compact is designed to prior- Student Affairs approach to drug and alco- principle is “values with regard to specific itize the aspirations of the institution in hol problems was fragmented,duplicative, substances”which emphasizes the public accordance with its central mission and inconsistent,and lacking in a long-term health and safety concerns identified.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 356 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Recognition Agreements with Fraternities and Sororities University of Washington

Contact: obtain Special Occasion Licenses or chapter,the university or the terms of the University of Washington Banquet Permits from the Washington agreement.Further,at least once a year Enrollment:33,719 Public,Four Year Institution State Liquor Control Board and maintain the chapter must conduct educational and regulate access to their events. programs on substance awareness and Ricardo S. Galindez,J.D. Assistant to the Vice President Initiated in 1993,the agreements are man- acquaintance rape for its members.When for Student Affairs/Greek Relations aged by a full-time university employee, violations occur,reports are registered Published in 1996 Sourcebook who works closely with the student and with the Vice President for Student Affairs. alumni leadership of the Greek system as Relevant actions may include a written Objectives: well as with enforcement agencies and warning,a written reprimand,a monetary •To address a variety of problems growing community members.Currently all 16 fine,restitution,probation,suspension or out of the use and abuse of alcohol in sororities and 28 of the 29 fraternities have withdrawal of official recognition. Greek organizations signed a Recognition Agreement in which As a result of implementing the •To promote the positive qualities of Greek the university extends official recognition Recognition Agreements,the university has life,and compliance with applicable laws to the fraternity/sorority chapter,if the established strong working relationships and policies requirements are met.One aspect of the with the organizations responsible for requirement for recognition is that the Description: enforcing the laws,regulations,policies and chapter must be in compliance with As a result of problems growing out of the standards governing members of the Greek existing policies including the Liability use and abuse of alcohol,a campus task system.Reports from enforcement agen- Management Policy,a Party Policy,a Dry force recommended addressing the under- cies and members of the community sug- Rush Policy,a Dry Event Policy (for sorori- lying issues.One specific recommendation gest that the agreements have served as a ties) and a Human Dignity Statement. was that all fraternities and sororities sign catalyst for changes in the system, result- Chapters must also take disciplinary or Recognition Agreements with the univer- ing in a decrease in problems such as noise other appropriate actions against mem- sity.Under these agreements,if alcohol is complaints,vandalism and fighting,which bers,residents,invitees,and licensees to be served,fraternities and sororities are are commonly associated with alcohol use who violate the applicable rules of the req u i r ed to reg i s t er parties with the univer s i t y, and abuse.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 357 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Quinnipiac College University of Missouri – Kansas City Social Events Sponsorship Webster University

Contacts: Webster University’s“Party Successfully” Policies include numerous elements.At Quinnipiac College initiative was implemented by the Student both UMKC and Quinnipiac College,part Enrollment:4,955 Private,Four Year Institution Government Association which legislated of the social event registration policy is that“Any student organization intending to derived from state statutes that address Leonora P.Campbell,M.S. Associate Dean serve alcohol at their event(s) must have a the legal drinking age (the need for official Office of Student Affairs minimum of five members (two must be identification to verify age and that it is not Published in 1996 Sourcebook officers) participate in an alcohol/drug in- allowable to provide alcohol to underage University of Missouri – Kansas City service program.This is required for each individuals).Other policies include comple- Enrollment:9,962 intended event.”In a similar way,the UMKC tion of a Social Policy Registration Form. Public,Four Year Institution policy requires that student organizations Further,the availability of alcohol at an James Waite, M.S.,M.B.A. that sponsor events with alcoholic bever- event may not be included in the advertis- Director Office of Student Life ages must register in advance and attend ing nor may it state BYOB;also,no student Published in 1996 Sourcebook a one-hour risk management workshop fees are allowed to pay for alcoholic Webster University at the beginning of the semester. beverages.Organizations are expected Enrollment:10,834 to refuse to serve alcoholic beverages Similarly,Quinnipiac College has a policy Private,Four Year Institution to an individual who is bordering upon for students who reside in living units: Patrick Stack, D.Min. intoxication or who is obviously already Director of Counseling/Life Development when three-quarters of the residents of intoxicated.At UMKC,the hosts of social Published in 1996 Sourcebook the room are of legal minimum age of functions where alcohol is served may be purchase and want to host a party and/or held responsible and accountable for the Objectives: have a keg,the event must be registered. actions of their guests. •To promote or encourage increased Students in the living unit,including those planning for social activities who are not of the legal age,must attend At Quinnipiac College,the brochure“Hosts •To promote greater individual responsi- a one-hour program.Topics included are Party Planning”provides information about bility at social events with alcohol Ways of Monitoring the Social Event, the rationale for planning,the incorpora- Personal Responsibility,Responsibilities tion of party themes,ways of organizing Description: of a Host and How to Handle Problematic the party,activities and sample recipes, The planning of social events at which Situations. guidelines for helping a friend,how to alcohol will be served or sold involves a deal with an intoxicated person,and variety of responsibilities that are imple- A major intent of the program at helping resources both on and off the mented in various ways.Based on concerns Quinnipiac College is to better educate campus.The Webster University approach that campuses have had with social events students and hold them accountable.The is preventive in nature and also helps involving alcohol,specific policies and College administration also hopes to have student organizations take responsibility procedures have been implemented with a better sense of the level of activity on for the success or failure of a social event different target audiences.For example, the campus and to assure that students where alcohol is served.In addition,the Quinnipiac College has implemented its are also in personal contact with a staff university planners want the community approach for students in residence hall member.Similarly,at UMKC the policy in which the campus is located to be safer rooms whereas Webster University and the was designed as a way of monitoring as the result of responsible behavior on the University of Missouri – Kansas City social events. part of students. (UMKC) focus on student organizations.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 358 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Substance Abuse Education and Prevention Baylor College of Dentistry

Contacts: the prescribed curriculum related to the education in the dental colleges.A study Baylor College of Dentistry complex issues of alcohol and drug abuse, booklet has been prepared as a guide for Enrollment:484 Private,Four Year Institution including theories and societal implica- the examination.In addition,the college tions,the pharmacology of substances of has a provided Continuing Education Eric Solomon, D.D.S. Associate Dean abuse,hazards and legal implications. course for the practicing dental community Student Services Treatment of patients with a current who are under adjudication by the State Tommy W.Gage,D.D.S.,Ph.D. history of alcohol or drug addiction as Board of Dental Examiners. Professor well as patients in recovery is also included. Published in 1996 Sourcebook The college maintains an alcohol- and The American Dental Association has drug-free campus which is monitored by Objectives: developed a model curriculum for teaching a committee of faculty,staff and students. •To implement a policy of alcohol and drug substance abuse education in the dental Resources for confidential counseling, abuse information curriculum.This method was chosen treatment and rehabilitation for any of the •To incorporate the alcohol program in the because of convenience and faculty inter- college’s students or employees are also campus curriculum est.The students must complete the cur- available.Confidentiality for all those riculum and be examined on their mastery involved is maintained and the Texas Peer Description: of the material.The faculty responsible for Assistance Program provides assistance to The Baylor College of Dentistry has alcohol and drug abuse education in the those who request it. implemented a policy of alcohol and drug dental colleges in Texas meet one to two Success of the college effort is documented abuse information,standards of conduct, times each year to share curriculum con- by measurement of changes in attitudes health risks,awareness,consequences, cepts and programming.The Texas State and behavior patterns of students as they legal ramifications,counseling and referral Board of Dental Examiners requires the progress through the dental education for treatment and rehabilitation.The completion of a written examination on years.Another measure of success is the program is established in the required drug and alcohol abuse topics.Questions student identification of patients with curriculum for dental and dental hygiene for the exam are prepared by faculty profiles consistent with substance students.Thus,all students must complete responsible for alcohol and drug abuse abuse concerns.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 359 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 360 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies ENFORCEMENT

Enforcement involves the role of police,the disciplinary process,and educational aspect of enforcement.Also helpful is having students the campus judicial system. It is linked to several other components conduct a self-assessment. of campus programs;in particular,the areas of policies and imple- In addition, campus professionals may review a student’s record and mentation and support services. assess the individual’s background,medical history and level of risk. Several proactive approaches are represented.Student organizations A clear system of response that is consistently enforced with follow- planning a social event may receive training or special advice in through helps promote accountability on the part of faculty,staff advance;for example,police officers may meet with an organization and students.This may be instituted for policy violations or for to discuss laws governing noise,alcohol distribution,intoxication, behaviors of concern.The need for the full support of various offices trash and parking.Registration of social activities is another method on campus,including residence halls,counseling center,the dean and of enforcement and often includes a training program for hosts on the president’s office,is identified. ways of keeping an event incident free.In the party-monitoring sys- Service activities may constitute part of a contractual agreement so tem,which is in effect on some campuses,students patrol the cam- that violators “work off”their penalty in ways that benefit the com- pus sites of student parties and intervene when flagrant violations munity.Students receive assistance from campus personnel as they are found.Related proactive approaches are a community coalition interact with the judicial system in the community surrounding the and a regularly scheduled community forum. campus.Related approaches include the use of computer software A related enforcement initiative focuses on individuals who to build awareness and the use of fines and distribution of money violate campus policy or local laws.As noted under Support and received from this process.Probation or suspension from the institu- Intervention Services,workshops for offenders of a campus alcohol tion is used when other approaches fail. These approaches illustrate policy include long-term and short-term programs;the program the need for a contractual relationship between the student who length depends on the nature of the violation and whether it is a violates the campus policy and the institution.Such an approach first or subsequent policy infraction. Similar approaches can be further enhances the theme of consistency cited earlier. implemented with local court-referred violations.Also included are Finally,professionals reveal the need for strong provisions within peer approaches,where trained students serve as decision-makers the enforcement activities of the campus policies.They further regarding other students’judicial violations.Residence hall recommend that some,if not all,of the sanctions be mandatory. intervention programs are instituted to complement the policy Documentation of violations,consequences,satisfactory completion enforcement programs;this illustrates the importance of the of consequences and ongoing behavior are seen as important.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 361 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and Other Drug Education Program Castleton State College

Contact: activities of the preceding phase.The first The phase two course includes exercises on Castleton State College phase of the program is a six-hour course personal use and related negative conse- Enrollment:2,028 Public,Four Year Institution that reviews the progression of substance quences,clarification of goals and healthy abuse,evaluates one’s personal abuse pat- behaviors.Course assignments are:redoing Julia Burke Director tern use,reflects on individual and family week-long alcohol use form, myths and Wellness Center dynamics,explores societal messages realities regarding reasons for use,an influ- Published in 1996 Sourcebook around substance use,discusses substance ence log and a personal plan of action. free methods of stress reduction and Phase three consists of a substance abuse Objectives: formulates new decisions around personal assessment at the students expense,a dis- •To consistently enforce alcohol and use.The three sessions that make up the ciplinary hearing with the assistant dean drug policies course consist of values clarification,a for Campus Life,community service hours, •To provide education and appropriate party observation log,a personal usage and individual sessions with the drug and sanctions for policy violators form,a media slide show,communications alcohol director.The goals of this phase are skill building,brainstorming on healthy Description: to assist the student in internalizing the choices,and numerous exercises and While the Office of Alcohol and Other Drug need for change,to identify specific issues discussions. Education at the college utilizes a compre- that are preventing the behavior from hensive approach,a significant emphasis is Phase two includes a monetary fine, being modified and to identify available on consistent enforcement of policies on community service hours,a meeting with resources both on and off the campus. the campus,which is essential in maintain- the campus drug and alcohol director and Documentation is maintained by the ing the health and quality of the educa- a six-hour phase two course.The goals of campus with a referral form,a sanction tional environment.The intent of the phase two are to examine the progression completion checklist and a completion campus-wide program is to reduce the of use since attending phase one,to form.The project’s success is the docu- number of substance related incidents explore the negative consequences of mented low repeat offender rate of on campus. choices,to assess substance use as it relates less than 3% for students enrolled. to personal goals,to identify and discuss To accomplish these objectives,a progres- obstacles that prevent behavior change sive three-phase program was developed and to develop a personal plan of action. with each phase building on the goals and

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 362 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol and You Ohio University

Contact: be no debate on the legal drinking age. drink;the “one”stands for only one drink Ohio University Two,there will be no discussion over the per hour sets the pace;and the “three” Enrollment:18,855 Public,Four Year Institution fairness of an individual’s sanction.Three, stands for the maximum number of drinks respect will be shown toward others in the in one day.Other ways of using alcohol Stephanie Dorgan,M.Ed. Assistant Director,Health Education and program and to the facilitator.Each student responsibly are identified through group Wellness then introduces himself/herself and discussion.The consequences of irresponsi- Published in 1996 Sourcebook describes the situation that resulted in ble alcohol use,with attention to physical, the sanction to attend the group meeting. social and academic consequences,are Objectives: This is helpful feedback to the facilitator identified.The next section addresses a •To provide self-awareness skills leading to regarding whether the individual is accept- model of student alcohol use and abuse, healthier choices concerning alcohol use ing responsibility for an action or whether which introduces a continuum of alcohol •To present accurate information regarding he/she is projecting responsibility onto use and provides an opportunity for stu- the effects of alcohol another.The goal is for students to accept dents to evaluate their drinking behavior. •To provide current information about responsibility for the behavior that resulted The “Finding Out”video is shown to illus- available resources in the sanction. trate the negative effects of alcohol abuse. Description: Discussion about the student’s relationship Extensive evaluation is conducted of the This two-hour workshop is designed for with alcohol begins with why the individ- Alcohol and You program.This is done those sanctioned to attend because of an ual consumes alcohol,how much he/she through a survey that assesses the beliefs alcohol policy violation. It offers accurate consumes and how frequent the consump- and behaviors of students who attended information about how the misuse and tion is.The next section addresses how the the program.Sixty students were inter- abuse of alcohol can affect an individual’s body processes alcohol and contains infor- viewed by telephone and almost unani- physical,academic,social and emotional mation on metabolism,effects on the mously,they concluded that the program well-being.The program explores alcohol’s brain,response to alcohol and male/female had provided useful information.The most effects and consequences,alcohol poison- differences.Information provides a picture useful part of the program was learning ing,risk-reduction methods and guidelines about how physical health,thinking, the effects of alcohol on the body.Overall, for responsible drinking.The intent is emotions and behaviors are impacted it seems that students had examined their to help students remain an active, with increasing amounts of alcohol. behavior and had seen the need to make a productive and healthy part of the change,thereby becoming more responsi- Responsible use of alcohol is promoted university community. ble in their drinking behavior. through the introduction of the “zero, Three ground rules have been established one,three principle.”The “zero”limit is for the two-hour program.One,there will suggested for times when one should not

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 363 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol I.Q. Network Indiana University – Bloomington

Contact: The I.Q.Network contains three interre- computer software program fills the Indiana University – Bloomington lated modules: need for an economical alcohol education Enrollment:35,594 program for students that is provided in a Public,Four Year Institution •Spirited Information is a compendium of timely,non-threatening way. Nancy Riggert alcohol-related information in question Director,Alcohol-Drug Information Center and answer format,reviewing 10 key Two computers are housed in the Alcohol- Published in 1996 Sourcebook subject areas. Drug Information Center to accommodate •Alcohol I.Q.Quest is a game that allows students who wish to use the computer Objectives: students to test their knowledge across program.Although most of the students •To heighten student awareness about seven different categories. using the program are judicially sanctioned drinking • Private Stock is an inventory of drinking to do so,any student,staff or faculty mem- •To provide students with positive rein- behaviors and attitudes presented ber may select to use it.It is also taken to forcement for low-risk drinking habits through a series objective statements. the annual campus Health Fair to promote •To offer non-judgmental suggestions for Students assess their drinking habits and its availability as a campus resource. areas needing improvement learn about lower risk drinking options. This process appears to be a succe s s f u l Description: The Alcohol I.Q.Network is incorporated ap p ro a c h , as judicial officers are The Alcohol I.Q. Network is a computer as an enforcement activity because it pleased with it as a sanction option, software program developed by the Health serves as a cost-effective way of providing and students view it as a non-thre ate n i n g, Education Program at Cornell University’s information as well as challenging stu- n o n - j u d g m e ntal way of re ceiving Health Services.It is an interactive com- dents.The program is also used as an i n fo rm ation on alcohol and their pe r s o n a l puterized alcohol educational program, educational intervention for students d ri n king pra ct i ce s. which is offered as part of the preventive who violate the university’s alcohol policy services of the Indiana University Alcohol- because it is a positive sanction that Drug Information Center. requires minimal staff time.Thus,the

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 364 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alternative Alcohol and Other Drug Rehabilitation Program University of Connecticut

Contact: All students in the program must complete assistance during the process of dealing University of Connecticut two elements whether or not they have with the emotional distress of the arrest. Enrollment:22,471 been mandated to enroll by the court.The Public,Four Year Institution The Community Service Program is often first is an alcohol/drug assessment admin- Janice Roberts Wilbur,Ph.D. mandated by the court,and requires the istered and interpreted by trained graduate Coordinator completion of a minimum number of Substance Abuse Prevention Program students and advanced undergraduate community service hours.PARTY Time Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook interns.The second is a minimum of three Hours at the Student Health Services is one individual counseling sessions.Other of the HEART Program’s community service Objectives: options are implemented based on the activities.Students work night shifts from •To provide services to students who have individual student’s situation.The Recovery 9 p.m.to 2 a.m.at the Student Health been arrested for an alcohol/drug-related Group (an Alcoholics Anonymous-like Services assisting the night nurses in tak- incident group) is a requirement for students with ing care of students who are hospitalized •To help students maintain academic serious alcohol/drug problems,students in because of a drug/alcohol-related illness performance and stay in school following recovery,and students who need support or injury.Students must attend a 2-hour an arrest to achieve their personal substance abuse Acute Alcohol Intoxication Assessment •To provide appropriate assistance for strategies and goals.The ACOA group is for training session and become HEART students with serious abuse/addiction students who have grown up in a family certified by passing a test in order to be problems that includes a parent/step-parent who cleared to work the PARTYTime Hours. Description: was/is addicted to drugs or alcohol. Students may be required to attend one or The Alternative Rehabilitation Program is The Alternative Alcohol and Other Drug more of the available education programs, particularly important because of the rural Rehabilitation Program was designed to which include Binge Drinking,Other Drug location of the university,the no-car policy meet the needs of students who are Education, Acute Alcohol Intoxication for first-year students,and the cost of off- mandated by the court to enroll in an Assessment,and Men and Violence. campus services.Limited insurance cover- alcohol/drug rehabilitation program.It is age make it difficult for students to enroll also available to students who contact the Other options that help address individual in off-campus drug/alcohol rehabilitation program prior to their first court date.The student needs include meeting with an programs or counseling services,or com- program incorporates different options academic advisor,participation in an plete community service hours off campus. and requirements based on the unique appropriate support group,changing place needs of each student and the varying of residence,“checking in on a daily basis,” The program appears successful because degrees of the severity of the problems. and a physical examination.When the pro- of the number of mandated court referrals gram is successfully completed a compli- from within the region,from throughout To enroll in the program,students contact ance letter is forwarded to the court. the state and from other states,as well as the HEART Program and schedule an the number of arrested students who initi- appointment with the program coordina- The UCONN Connects Program is a require- ate contact with the HEART office before tor.During this meeting,a contract that ment for students who are on academic their first court date.Further,most students stipulates specific program requirements probation or who are struggling academi- successfully complete the program and and non-compliance consequences is cally.Administered by the Dean of Students other students are referred to the program completed. Office,this mentoring program provides by prior participants.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 365 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Eastern Connecticut Campus Assistance Team State University

Contact: other behaviors of concern that interfere notifies the student that this has occurred. Eastern Connecticut with their ability to succeed at the institution. A member of the team contacts the stu- State University dent to obtain a consent form and sets Enrollment:4,590 Behaviors of concern include absence up an appointment for an interview.The Public,Four Year Institution from classes,falling asleep in class, student is then interviewed and completes Sherry Bassi,R.N.,M.S. disheveled appearance,flat/depressed Substance Abuse Coordinator the CAT Data Collection Form. affect,lethargic/despondent/noticeable Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook fatigue,lateness,writing quality that The CAT Data Collection Form includes Objectives: demonstrates disconnected or morbid strength and sources of support,the stu- content,poor eye contact,pattern of dent’s view of behaviors of concern and •To promote early identification of sickness,noticeable weight loss/gain,lack any other concerns,and the student’s view and intervention with students at of participation,and poor written/verbal of what would be helpful.The action plan risk for developing problems with expression skills.Included in the checklist includes behaviors of concern from the drugs or alcohol of behaviors of concern for housing or referral form and intake process,and defi- •To develop an orchestrated approach to other staff members are disrespect of nitions of short-term measurable successes addressing alcohol abuse problems others’needs/property,over-sleeping, for the student.The team then reviews the Description: self-destructive behavior,substance abuse, data collected from the referral form and The Campus AssistanceTeam (CAT) is pattern of perpetual crises,home sickness, intake process,forms an action plan,which modeled after student assistance teams in sexual indiscretion,change in behaviors/ includes definitions of short-term measur- secondary education settings.The CAT in- appearance,being ostracized,lethargic, able success for the student,and nomi- corporates representatives from Athletics, so cial isolati o n / w i t h d r awn , and poor hygi e n e . nates a team member to serve as the Community Policing,Residential Life, student’s“manager.”This case manager Referrals to CAT are made by any member Judicial Affairs,Health Service,Substance reviews the action plan with the student of the university community who observes Abuse Prevention,Counseling,Academic and provides any follow-up required if the a behavior of concern.The initial referral Advisement,and the faculty.Meeting every student agrees to participate. can be done using a form that asks the stu- two weeks,the team strives to identify dent,faculty or staff member to describe Evaluation of outcomes is monitored by st u d e n ts who may be having problems with briefly his/her reasons for referring the stu- faculty members on the team who have drugs or alcohol or who are experiencing dent to the Campus Assistance Team.When assumed responsibility for formal the referral is made,the referring person evaluation processes.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 366 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Citations,Fines and Follow-up University of Rhode Island

Contact: The policy is enforced by residence hall substance abuse prevention account and University of Rhode Island staff,security officers and campus police.In are used for educational programs and Enrollment:10,670 Public,Four Year Institution fact,most citations are given in residence materials,as well as to fund program halls by resident assistants.Carbonized grants to student groups for alcohol-free Fran Cohen,M.A. Director of Student Life “citation”forms are used for simple viola- social opportunities on weekends.Students Published in 1996 Sourcebook tions and the usual incident reports are who fail to pay their fine after a warning used for complex violations involving cannot receive transcripts or their diplomas Objectives: alcohol and additional violations of until the fine is paid.Payment plans •To implement consistent follow-up of community standards. are arranged for those students who underage drinking,possession of alcohol need them. The citation form includes information and public consumption about the student violator,the date,time The self-assessment after the first violation •To improve the campus climate by and location of the violation and the spe- helps students evaluate their drinking addressing simple policy violations cific nature of the violation.The citation behavior,compare it to national norms and •To promote self-evaluation of drinking copies are distributed to the student,the access intervention and support services behavior Office of Student Life,and the Housing and early.The review after eight semesters of Description: Residential Life Office. the policy indicates improvements in the campus climate.The policy of suspending The current alcohol policy and follow-up, Minimum sanctions for violations of the third-time offenders appears to be serving initiated in 1991, requires mandatory alcohol policy for the first offense include as a deterrent and to be motivating staff to sanctions for underage drinking,underage a $50 fine,a semester’s disciplinary address initial violations quickly.In the possession and public consumption for vio- probation and completion of a written more than eight semesters that the policy lations of community standards regarding self-assessment.The second offense results has been implemented,only three students alcohol.The required associated education in a $100 fine,a semester’s disciplinary have been suspended.On average,almost program includes a self assessment and an probation,and a seven-hour educational 90% of students cited are not cited a educational workshop. workshop.The third offense results in second time. Staff are carefully trained and supervised suspension from the university for two to address every violation they encounter. semesters.The fines collected go into a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 367 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Bowling Green State University Class for Policy Violators University of San Francisco

Contacts: At Bowling Green State University,the engage in personal goal-setting strategies Bowling Green State University Friday Perspective Education Program, and a discussion of healthy alternatives, Enrollment:17,200 Public,Four Year Institution coordinated by the Center for Wellness and including an action plan for the accom- Prevention,is a lifestyle risk-reduction plishment of a specific objective. Jeanne M.Wright,R.N.,M.Ed. Coordinator program for students referred by the Office In this plan the student identifies what Published in 1996 Sourcebook of Judicial Affairs. needs to be done to achieve the goal, rewards,possible setbacks,and strategies University of San Francisco In the latter program,students examine Enrollment:8,407 for overcoming setbacks.The University their perspectives about alcohol consump- Private,Four Year Institution of San Francisco asks students to complete tion,review normative behavior for college Linda Pratt,M.A. a personal commitment form,to create a Coordinator students,understand risk factors for alco- guideline to reduce risk and personal alco- Substance Abuse Prevention hol- related problems and legal implemen- hol use,and to identify situations that will Published in 1996 Sourcebook tations,explore alcohol myths and facts, increase or decrease the chances of meet- and identify risk reduction strategies. Objectives: ing a specified goal.This form further iden- The content of the CHOICES program is •To help participants to make informed tifies the strategies and skills to be used to similar.It includes a self-assessment,an choices about alcohol use meet the goal,with a way of monitoring identification of warning signs of alcohol •To provide an educational option for their implementation.Students are misuse,a personal profile of a drinking students who have violated alcohol- required to attend a follow-up class three situation,information about the effects of related university regulations months later to review their progress alcohol (such as blood alcohol concentra- •To better understand reasons why alcohol toward meeting their goals.This also tion,intoxication and personal effects), is used in an abusive manner enables the program developers to evalu- family background and guidelines for •To challenge students’perspectives of ate the curriculum and make changes. reducing risk.The CHOICES program also substance use To further substantiate the importance provides the zero-one-three model for of the program,Bowling Green State Description: responsible use of alcohol;since this model University has each student complete a A three-hour class for violators of the cam- serves as an easy reminder for individuals “Consent to Participate”form,which pus alcohol policy is an option developed interested in monitoring their use of specifies their agreement to complete a by several institutions.At the University of alcohol.The Student Judicial Board is mandatory survey instrument and attend San Francisco,this was prepared by the empowered to sanction students to the entire two-hour session offered from Office of Residence Life and the coordinator attend CHOICES,which increases the role 3:30-5:30 p.m.on Fridays.It is also noted of Substance Abuse Prevention.Their students take in monitoring one another. that failure to participate will result in CHOICES (Choosing Healthy Options In Common to each of these programs is the notification of the Judicial Affairs Office. Community Environments) program is development of a set of goals for responsi- designed to help participants gain knowl- ble alcohol consumption by participants.At edge and make more informed choices. Bowling Green Sta te Uni ve r s i t y,pa rt i c i p a nt s

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 368 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Comprehensive Process Georgia Southern University Towson State University Gettysburg College University of Northern Colorado for Policy Enforcement Northeastern University Villanova University

Contacts: Objectives: of this approach with their four levels of Georgia Southern University •To implement a consistent enforcement participation.The first level is a two-hour Enrollment:14,138 Public,Four Year Institution ap p r oach for campus alcohol pol i c y violator s educational process group,Focus Group on •To promote collaboration with local law Alcohol and Other Drugs.The second level, Edward Bayens,Ph.D. Director of Judicial Programs enforcement personnel Risky Business,is a six-hour educational Published in 1996 Sourcebook •To promote collaborative interactions process based on the “On Campus Talking Gettysburg College among campus offices and professional About Alcohol”and other prevention Enrollment:2,126 personnel resources.Level three incorporates an on- Private,Four Year Institution •To identify problem drinking and campus substance use assessment by a Harriet Marritz,M.S. addictive behavior as early as possible professional substance abuse counselor, Psychologist/Drug Education Coordinator and level four is referral to an off-campus Published in 1996 Sourcebook Description: treatment provider for an assessment and Northeastern University Campuses have employed a variety of or treatment. Enrollment:25,086 strategies to implement an enforcement Private,Four Year Institution process for students found in violation of Northeastern University has a three-tiered Judy Phalen,M.P.H. the campus alcohol policy.A primary foun- program.The first tier,TRAC (Thinking Coordinator Responsible About Consumption) is a Alcohol and Drug Education dation of these efforts is to have a consis- Published in 1996 Sourcebook tent and structured approach for campus one-hour interaction format session for Towson State University personnel involved in the enforcement. students living in the residence halls.The Enrollment:12,722 A related initiative is to make it clear to second tier is INSTEAD I (Involuntary Public,Four Year Institution students that a set of standards has been Students Educated About Alcohol and James R. Henschen,M.S. implemented on the campus.Generally Other Drugs) and consists of one and one- Counselor included in these efforts is an educational half hour sessions held weekly for students Published in 1996 Sourcebook and early intervention approach which whose use of alcohol is causing problems University of Northern Colorado for themselves and/or others.Participants Enrollment:10,426 is designed to supplement,not replace, Public,Four Year Institution disciplinary procedures. gain information,clarify personal values and attitudes,and submit an observation Ann Quinn-Zobeck,M.A. A tiering of disciplinary procedures is Coordinator paper.The third-tier,INSTEAD II,provides typical in this process.First offenses Drug Prevention/Education Program a more in-depth look at the effects of generally are handled at the lowest tier; Published in 1996 Sourcebook substance use on an individual. Learning however,in some campus programs,such Villanova University is individualized to acknowledge the seri- as Northeastern University’s,students Enrollment:10,735 ousness of alcohol and drug use.Since Private,Four Year Institution involved in a more serious incident are these students are considered at high risk Janice Janosik,M.A. immediately referred to the second tier.The for alcohol/drug-related problems,prior to Director student is subject to judicial office proce- Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance participation students must attend two dures which can include suspension from Published in 1996 Sourcebook self-help meetings. Northeastern or referral to the next tier. Get t ysb u r g College provides a good exa m p l e (Continued)

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 369 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Comprehensive Process for Policy Enforcement (continued)

Collaboration with other offices on campus its attempts to increase appropriate court- questionnaire regarding their preconceived is a central theme found atVillanova approved treatment for student offenders notions of the purpose of TRAC;after University.When a minor infraction of the of the state laws (e.g.drinking and driv- attending the sessions,students complete student code of conduct occurs,a referral is ing),established its “Think BeforeYou a survey and are required to submit made to the university’s judicial coordina- Drink”program.This six-week group reflection papers. tor for due process and sanctioning.Once process is intended to provide a true learn- Follow through is another critical element. this process is complete,the student is then ing process,which parallels,although with Georgia Southern University has students referred to the Center for Alcohol and Drug less severity,the criminal justice system. complete a “Release of Information Form” Assistance and he/she is required to attend Similarly,the district justice in the which allows any recommendations made an alcohol education program in the Gettysburg College area agreed to refer by the counselor at the community alcohol Center.When the referral is based on students arrested in town for underage rehabilitation facility to be forwarded to alcohol abuse,students must meet with a drinking,public intoxication,disorderly the university judicial officer.Further,the prevention specialist in the Center who conduct and related offenses to the cam- student is informed that the recommenda- conducts an intake interview,and many pus’Risky Business program and agreed tions made by the counselor will be shared students are then referred to an expanded that their fine would be reduced if they and that enrollment at the university is alcohol education class. successfully complete the program. contingent upon compliance with the At Georgia Southern University,the At the University of Northern Colorado, recommendations.Compliance is consid- students who have repeatedly misused Focus Seminars are offered as part of a ered a part of the university’s judicial sanc- alcohol are referred by the university judi- disciplinary action or in response to a local tion.Similarly,at Northeastern University cial officer to a community alcohol rehabili- municipal court referral for underage students sign a contract/agreement during tation facility for an alcohol assessment. drinking violations.The police departments the first class (INSTEAD I) and acknowledge The counselor’s recommendations cover from the university and the local city that they understand that there will be six levels of care:1) no services are formed “saturation patrols”to hand out consequences imposed for non-compli- required;2) attend a specific number of AA tickets for “minors in possession of alco- ance.This contract carries further weight meetings;3) attend AA meetings and have hol.”The city council,in conjunction with since there is the potential that the univer- a urine drug screen on a monthly basis; the city attorney’s office,made underage sity will mandate INSTEAD II,either in lieu 4) attend an outpatient,alcohol and drug drinking a municipal offense and require of suspension or for students who return education program (four-weeks long) and all violators to attend Focus classes. after being suspended from the university. including four AA meetings,and have a Numerous approaches are incorporated Evidence of the success of these efforts is random urine drug screen;5) attend an in the strategies,such as small-group varied;however,campuses report low outpatient program (eight-weeks long) discussion,films,role play,participation recidivism rates and an increased aware- with weekly counseling,attend AA meet- from the university’s theater troupe and ness of the clear consequences associated ings,and have random urine drug screens; facilitated “games”as found with with violations.Although students typically 6) attend and an in-patient alcohol and Northeastern University.Written assess- are not pleased with the program at its drug treatment program. ments are also part of many initiatives. onset,many indicate that the program was Linkages with the local court are integral to Northeastern University students enrolled helpful and beneficial to them personally. many programs.Towson State University,in in the TRAC program,are asked to fill out a

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 370 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Court Offenders Alcohol Program Ball State University

Contacts: the program’s initiation,if a student was receives a Court Offenders Facilitation Ball State University arrested outside of the local area,he/she Manual which outlines the objectives and Enrollment:19,115 Public,Four Year Institution often had to drop out of the university educational points to be addressed in the to complete the court-mandated sessions.The peer facilitators,from the Donna Dodson,M.S.N. Coordinator programming. academic disciplines of Social Work, Student Health Education Psychology,Counseling,and Health Science, When the program was first established, Anna Lamb,M.A. develop the presentation for each session requests for approval were sent to mem- Coordinator from this established outline. Alcohol and Drug Education bers of the state judicial system.This Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook process included written communication The program emphasizes use,abuse,and introducing the program,individual inter- dependency in the first session.Included Objectives: views with members of the court,and are the alcohol content in various bever- •To lower alcohol abuse among students submitting copies of the curriculum for ages,the physical effects of alcohol on the •To provide an entry point to the contin- approval.Since the program was approved body,definitions of sensible drinking,how uum of care for students who have in 1986,its marketing audience has been to handle an intoxicated person,enabling dependency problems the university faculty in Social Work, behaviors,and alcohol-free activities.The Psychology,Counseling,and Health Science, purpose is to identify one’s own behavior Description: who are sent e-mail messages and flyers at on the continuum of chemical dependency. The Court Offenders Alcohol Program is a the beginning of each semester. Another session focuses on alcohol and the peer-facilitated six-week educational pro- law,including state laws and the univer- gram for students who have been arrested The program includes assessment,a sity’s alcohol policy.Penalties,cost,and for a misdemeanor alcohol offense any- behavioral contract,group sessions,and fairness of laws are emphasized.Additional where in the state.It is recognized by the individual evaluations.Initially,each sessions focus on alcohol’s impact on state’s judicial system as a legitimate referred student has an hour-long assess- sexual activity and high-risk behaviors, alcohol education program,and referrals ment with the program coordinator,which marijuana and other drugs,and the come from the courts,probation officers, is followed by six 1 1/2-hour sessions and development of behavioral goals. attorneys,and other correctional programs attendance at an Alcoholics Anonymous attached to the judicial system. meeting.Following completion of the The evaluation demonstrates positive Administered by the university,the pro- group sessions,each student completes satisfaction with the content and process gram,which focuses on alcohol education an exit interview and establishes alcohol of the program.Outcome evaluations are and behavioral change,supplements the behavioral goals for the following three to conducted with voluntary participants six-week educational course with an six months. and measure consciousness raising,social liberation,and self-evaluation areas.Based eight-week student commitment. Two trained peer facilitators work with on the Theory of Capital Change,prelimi- The program emerged in 1985 from the each group.Each facilitator completes nary findings demonstrate a positive need to have a follow-up effort for alcohol 30 hours of Peer Health Education and movement toward change at the end law violators that was cost effective, 16 hours of specific training for the Court of the program. age appropriate,and complementary with Offenders Alcohol Program,focusing on an individual’s academic pursuits.Prior to group facilitation.Each peer facilitator

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 371 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Difficulties With Alcohol Baldwin – Wallace College

Contact: Description: developed the grant process,created Baldwin – Wallace College As the result of a campus-wide review by a the grant proposal form,prepared adver- Enrollment:4,716 Private,Four Year Institution task force,the alcohol violation sanctioning tisement packets,marketed the program, system was revised to implement con- and evaluated the applications and Jan Gascoigne,Ph.D. Director sistent sanctioning of alcohol violations. awarded grants. Wellness Resource Center Automatic sanctions for first and second The purpose of the Health Promotion Grant Published in 1996 Sourcebook time offenders were created:first offenders is to fund or partially fund activities on are enrolled in a two-hour workshop and campus that promote wellness and good Objectives: pay a $25 fine;second offenders are living and are in line with the current •To implement consistent sanctioning enrolled in a six-hour workshop and pay policies of the college.Health Promotion for students who violate the campus a $50 fine.Further offenses are dealt with Grant funds are available to all campus alcohol policy by administrative hearings. organizations interested in sponsoring a •To direct sanction fines into proactive The Difficulties With Alcohol (DWA) pro- wellness-oriented program to benefit the health promotion activities gram receives all fine monies and pools campus community.Individual groups them into a fund,which awards grants for may receive funding for up to one event health promotion activities on the campus. per academic quarter,and may be used Representatives of the Student Senate for programs,events or activities.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 372 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Disciplinary Referral Options University of Connecticut

Contact: judicial offices to incorporate the program’s The community service options include University of Connecticut services into their disciplinary processes. PARTYTime Hours,where students assist Enrollment:22,471 Public,Four Year Institution The Disciplinary Referral Options Program nurses in dealing with ill or injured stu- provides potential referral sources with dents.Training consists of information Janice Roberts Wilbur,Ph.D. Coordinator information regarding available resources dealing with intoxicated students,acute Substance Abuse Prevention Program for students with substance misuse and alcohol intoxication signs and symptoms, Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook abuse problems.Emphasizing the educa- and health center guidelines.The student tional aspect of enforcement,this strategy assistance option is an individualized pro- Objectives: encourages judicial officers to utilize a con- gram that includes an initial meeting,a •To meet the disciplinary needs of various sistent,tiered enforcement approach.At dru g / a l c ohol assessment,and three individual campus referral sources for drug/alcohol the beginning of each semester,relevant counseling sessions.Other interventions, policy violations material is disseminated to all potential such as a recovery group,an ACOA group,a •To expedite the referral and referral sources.Referral options comprise me n tal health con s u l t a tion and/or a physi ca l compliance process four education options,three community examination,are used as needed. service options,and one student assistance Description: Undergraduate interns are involved in option. Since the university currently does not presenting the education and community have a comprehensive process for policy The education options are group sessions service programs,and graduate interns enforcement nor a unified intervention to of two hours duration,and cover four dis- provide services to students who partici- deal with students who violate the campus tinct topics: Binge Drinking,Acute Alcohol pate in the student assistance option. drug and alcohol policy,the HEART Intoxication Assessment,Other Drug Program encourages the decentralized Education,and Men and Violence.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 373 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Individualized Alcohol Sanction Albertson College

Contact: discussion with others,the student The hearing officer reviews the packet and, Albertson College engages in a reflective discussion with if necessary,discusses the student’s Enrollment:627 Private,Four Year Institution him/herself and then responds in writing. responses with the counseling staff or the staff from a local treatment center.The Jeffrey Green,M.E. This sanction helps both the hearing officer student and the hearing officer meet in a Director of Residence Life and the student identify more effectively Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook follow-up processing meeting at which the fundamental thinking abilities,atti- time the packet is reviewed.Based on the tudes,and behaviors necessary for the responses in the packet,the hearing officer Objectives: student to be successful. Based on this •To provide a timely and consistent has a good understanding of the student understanding,strategies for removing the alcohol sanction consistent with and a clear plan about how to intervene barriers to these outcomes are developed. staffing constraints with the student.The packet is helpful in •To help alcohol policy violators succeed in Students referred as alcohol policy violators identifying the student’s developmental meeting appropriate behavioral outcomes initially meet with a judicial hearing offi- status and what issues are affecting the cer.At his/her own pace,the student com- student (e.g.,self-esteem,substance Description: pletes the exercises in the packet.Activities abuse,ethical decision making).This The Individualized Alcohol Sanction is an in the packet emphasize a continuum of processing meeting usually requires less educational disciplinary sanction used with acceptability,specific situations where than 90 minutes. students who are repeat alcohol policy individuals rank behaviors,a perception of The low number of alcohol policy violations violators or are first-time violators where others’behaviors,ranking of responsible that recur with students who have fol- there is an aggravating factor of damage, behavior,and an understanding of the lowed the Individualized Alcohol Sanction staff abuse,or service to underage drinkers. college’s alcohol policies.Because of the points to the program’s success.Many stu- The sanction consists of a program of study nature of these materials,the student is dents believe this is a more educational that has the student assess his/her alcohol forced to be an active participant in the and effective sanction than is employed values and behaviors by completing a sanction by completing the exercises and with other policy violations.An unexpected number of exercises,assessments,and responding to the questions.Typically,this benefit is the development of a number of questions.This approach makes use of process is completed within 10 days. the facilitated discussion concept employed mentoring relationships between hearing Once the student has completed the in a group sanction but utilizes an activity officers and students who experience packet,it is returned to the hearing officer. packet format.Instead of having a the sanction.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 374 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Judicial Community Service Contracts Alfred University

Contact: the consequences of their behavior.Part suggest original projects to fulfill the Alfred University of every class is a service contract,which service requirement. Enrollment:2,363 enables violators to return time and energy Private,Four Year Institution A graduate assistant formalizes each to the community they have disrupted. Ian Neuhard student violator’s service contract and This non-traditional approach is valued at Director,AOD Education establishes assessment criteria and moni- Published in 1996 Sourcebook the university. toring guidelines.The graduate assistant The service contracts build upon the also holds a concluding meeting with the Objectives: unique needs,interests and desires of student to process the experience and cer- •To provide an opportunity for students the students involved,as each individual tify completion of the contract.Monitoring to focus on their negative behavior negotiates for a specific service contract. by appropriate university personnel,such •To implement a service strategy that is Initially,violators receive a list of service as residence assistants,ensures compliance consistent with the university’s culture opportunities that is designed to appeal to with the contract. and norms the unique student body (a large School of •To build upon the education approach This process appears to work well with Art and Design and a large Engineering •To enhance the process of student students,as they formally agree on program).The service contract opportuni- self-assessment of behavior expectations and outcomes.They appear ties were developed by the director of AOD to be less hostile and more motivated Education,the judicial coordinator and resi- Description: and empowered as a result of the process. dence hall directors.The service opportuni- Violators of the university’s substance Further,they learn interpersonal skills,such ties are structured to meet the wide range abuse policy often receive a sanction to as negotiation,brainstorming,contracting, of student learning styles and preferences. attend a class where they learn about the and community building through the In addition to the listing,students may negative impact of alcohol and drug abuse, service contract process. conduct self- assessments and reflect upon

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 375 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S LIFESKILLS Seminar West Chester University

Contact: and community responsibility.Focusing on Finally,participants must attend a one- West Chester University an interactive process,the class addresses half-hour exit interview with the graduate Enrollment:11,055 Public,Four Year Institution peer influence,community development, student facilitator. and decision making. Jacqueline S.Hodes,M.Ed. The seminar is facilitated by the Director of Director The two 2-hour classes use an educational the Wellness Center and graduate students Student Development and Wellness approach in an interactive,experiential studying counseling and higher education. Programs Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook seminar setting.Participants engage in a The graduate students who co-facilitate series of exercises that help them examine the seminar rece i v e training at the beg i n n i n g Objectives: their attitudes and behaviors within the of each semester.Designed as a collabora- •To provide an alternative educational community and,ultimately,make positive tive effort between the Wellness Center sanction for those in violation of certain life-style changes.Not only must partici- and the Office of Community Development, campus policies pants attend both sessions,they must also the seminar is inexpensive to implement. participate in each session and make an •To promote responsible decision making The LIFESKILLS Seminar appears to have entry in their journal following each ses- and community responsibility an impact on the students who participate. sion.Activities incorporated in the seminar The evaluations reflect an understanding Description: include a lifeline exercise,a decision- of decision making and the importance of Instituted in 1994,the LIFESKILLS Seminar making graph,a fear of influence exercise, thinking before acting.Few of those is an educational program that addresses decision-making-skills building,a discus- students who participate in the seminar participants’attitudes and behavior con- sion of components of a community, have additional sanctions. cerning drug and alcohol use,violence, discussions,and journal writing.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 376 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Peer Judicial Board Doane College

Contact: all PJB members.Members may also by the student,may be required.For alco- Doane College disqualify themselves in a particular case hol consumption in a public place,the first Enrollment:1,000 Private,Four Year Institution if they are unable to remain impartial or offense results in a fine ranging from $25 have been involved in the case to be to $50,and a second offense has a fine George Clancy,M.A. Dean of Students heard.Staff members serve as advisors ranging from $50 to $100;each offense Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook in a non-voting role. may include additional disciplinary sanc- tions.The PJB also emphasizes the use of In the process of handling a case,PJB creative sanctions. Objectives: members determine whether the trial •To promote a sense of discipline and should be formal or informal.The Peer All money and fines collected from the awareness among the student body Judicial Board process sheet provides a “sanctions”are deposited into the treasury •To deter alcohol violations through the 23-step protocol to maintain consistency of the specific residence hall council in institution of a student-based process from one case to the next.This protocol which the violation occurred.These “addi- Description: includes such areas as opening statement, tional funds”provide hall councils with The Peer Judicial Board (PJB) is a process cross-examination,questions,closing “creative opportunities”and permit supple- whereby students serve as decision makers remarks,closed-session process,determi- mental programs that further develop regarding other students’judicial viola- nation of sanctions,and information about pride in the residential community. tions,which include alcohol as well as the written report that follows the hearing. Additional activities and educational programs enhance the efforts to“connect other code violations. Incorporated in the process are typical people”and build community,and to Students are selected to serve on the sanctions provided by the PJB.For posses- sponsor campus events. board through an application and inter- sion of alcohol by a minor,the first offense view process.A total of 50 students serve fine ranges from $50 to $200 and may The PJB has had tremendous success and on the board on a rotating basis,and nine incorporate additional disciplinary sanc- is well received by the student body.The students are selected to serve as captains. tions.For a second offense,the fine can process and the sanctions have helped stu- At least five of the PJB students must be reach $500 and an additional disciplinary dents with community and responsibility. present to hear a case and determine sanction.Further,submission for an alcohol sanctions.Confidentiality is stressed to evaluation,the expense of which is borne

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 377 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Public Safety Officers Washington College

Contact: Description: The Residence Hall Staff and Public Safety Washington College Patrol officers are assigned to campus Office use a citation to handle minor viola- Enrollment:955 Private,Four Year Institution housing units to foster a trusting and tions in a quick,fair and consistent manner. friendly relationship between the officer These citations may be issued by either the Gerald K. Roderick Director,Department of Public Safety and the residents.It is hoped that this Resident Assistant staff or Public Safety Published in 1996 Sourcebook relationship will foster open discussion of officers.Officers follow-up on alcohol issues of concern and develop solutions to violations by meeting with the students Objectives: the problems identified,resulting in posi- responsible for the violation to establish •To address alcohol issues in ways that tive changes in the living environments. agreements to prevent further violations. are consistent with college policies and An officer meets with small groups in the Through this active involvement,officers tailored to alcohol use on campus assigned residence halls at the each semes- can often identify students at risk of •To encourage community support for ter to discuss the college’s alcohol policy. behavioral problems and initiate an appro- a cooperative approach The discussion also covers how Public priate response,thus providing a “safety •To encourage responsible behavior and an Safety officers respond to policy violations. net”for students at risk of abuse or addic- understanding of consequences of dan- In addition,each officer coordinates one tion,prior to the occurrence of harm. gerous and/or illegal alcohol behavior program concerning public safety each semester.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 378 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Residence Hall Indiana State University James Madison University University of Nebraska Intervention Programs Marymount University at Kearney

Contacts: Description: first offenders,which provides accurate Indiana State University An approach specific to residence halls is alcohol information for students.The goal Enrollment:11,641 Public,Four Year Institution based on the nature of minor infractions or is to prevent students from developing first offenses.Workshops that are primarily alcohol-related problems by intervening Julie Miller,M.S. Assistant Director,Student Health educational in nature have been developed at the earliest possible stage. Promotion to help students to better understand the Marymount University offers a unique Published in 1996 Sourcebook role alcohol plays in their lives. approach,with a five-session series of James Madison University Enrollment:11,680 James Madison University offers a series of 90-minute workshops on alcohol-related Public,Four Year Institution educational classes for students who have topics.Students may enter the series at Nancy Grembi,M.A.Ed. received judicial referrals for substance any point,and the series is advertised Assistant Director,Health Center abuse violations.While the classes provide campus-wide. Published in 1996 Sourcebook a continuum of information reinforcing Student involvement in these programs Marymount University conceptual ideas related to substance takes a variety of forms.Indiana State Enrollment:3,956 abuse,they also build in intensity and Private,Four Year Institution University’s program has only those depth of information.The focus is on text- Judith S. Baker,M.A. students who are in violation of the book assignments that provide information Associate Dean of Students campus alcohol policies.Marymount and on self-exploration exercises for stu- Published in 1996 Sourcebook University,however,includes violators, dents who may or may not have already University of Nebraska at Kearney students invited by faculty members,and used alcohol or drugs.This is followed by Enrollment:7,584 interested others. Public,Four Year Institution one-hour educational programs designed Gail Sims to provide thought-provoking discussion Instructors for these workshops also vary. Director,Case Hall and basic health and substance abuse At Indiana State University,graduate stu- Kay McMinn,M.S. information.Examples of these programs dents from Student Health Promotion and REACH-UP Director are the Ethics Class,a workshop designed Residential Life co-facilitate the programs. Published in 1996 Sourcebook to address ethical considerations for a The University of Nebraska at Kearney pro- Objectives: student decision-making process,and the gram is co-facilitated by trained residence Alcohol Short Course,which helps students hall directors.James Madison University •To provide information sessions for first- learn the facts about alcohol and its use uses a combination of professional staff time offenders with minor infractions and also provides for self-reflection on and graduate-level students. •To promote information on alcohol one’s patterns of use. for students Presentation strategies are typically field At the University of Nebraska at Kearney, tested by program planners.Marymount the Explore Workshop motivates students University worked with student leaders and to use self-discovery to determine the role resident assistants to determine areas of that alcohol plays in their lives.Exercises perceived need and presentation strategies are designed to promote self-awareness most appropriate for students.At James and open discussion among the partici- Madison University,the programs were field pants.The emphasis is on assisting stu- tested on residence hall directors. dents to understand how they make Evaluation includes pre-and-post tests choices regarding alcohol.At Indiana to assess new knowledge,program University,the First Step Program is a evaluations,and tracking of students 90-minute,early intervention program for who participate in the program.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 379 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Responsible Hospitality Council University of Nebraska – Lincoln

Contact: sale or distribution of alcohol,law summary of responses to commonly University of Nebraska – Lincoln enforcement,government,MADD, asked questions about legal and social Enrollment:25,000 Public,Four Year Institution substance abuse prevention,insurance responsibilities.The “Practical Guide to companies,and trade associations. Responsible Hospitality,”an 87-page Linda Major document,provides detailed information Coordinator While the primary target audience of the Drug and Alcohol Program on licensing,responsibilities,policies, RHC is the commercial sector of 137 Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook penalties,intoxication,age identification, licensees whose retail establishments and the role of government. Objectives: border the campus,benefits are also derived for the campus population.The The DECAL Program is another strategy •To promote collaborative initiatives to most dramatic example of campus benefits developed by RHC. Designed to publicly address alcohol problems in the alcohol that have resulted from RHC’s activities is recognize licensees who practice responsi- retail community the end to the offering of free drinks – a ble beverage service,the DECAL Program •To discuss common concerns about and tradition known as the “birthday beer encourages the community to patronize identify creative solutions for problems crawl.”One of the activities in which the those establishments that display the that occur with the irresponsible sale and RHC provided leadership is the Community RHC decal. service of alcohol Covenant for Responsible Beverage Service. •To promote positive norms and standards Funding for the majority of the RHC’s This document represents consensus by among alcohol retail establishments and activities comes from the Nebraska Office RHC participants on what constitutes patrons,especially students,served by of Highway Safety.Additional resources responsible beverage service practices. those establishments come from the city’s Council on Alcoholism Another emphasis of the RHC is the and Drugs and in-kind support from RHC Description: regularly scheduled community forum. members. The Lincoln/Lancaster County Responsible Designed to solicit input and/or receive Hospitality Council (RHC) is a community Continued membership in and commit- feedback on relevant issues,the forum is an coalition composed of individuals who are ment to the program is the largest demon- effective method for communicating new committed to the responsible sale and stration of the success of the program. information and reaching consensus with service of alcohol.Initiated in 1993,the Additional evidence of success is noted by retail establishments. RHC maintains a balance of diverse the number of volunteer hours,attendance perspectives among its membership.In Two specialized publications represent the at community forums,technical assistance addition to the university participation, role of the RHC.The “Corporate Guide to requests,and requests to solve specific members include those involved in the Responsible Hospitality”is an 11-page problems.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 380 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Student Accountability Ladder Colgate University

Contact: In each of these step s ,the specific standards impressions from the staff,and sharing a Colgate University are listed and the areas of student account- recommendation for treatment with the Enrollment:2,629 Private,Four Year Institution ability are outlined.In the first step, Dean should that result.In step four,Out- Warning,the first offense results in a patient Counseling,the student works with Jane Jones,M.A. Staff Counselor review of the offense to determine poten- Counseling and Psychological Services to Published in 1996 Sourcebook tial or actual harm to self or others.If harm develop an individualized treatment plan. is determined,the second step is immedi- Student involvement includes planning Objectives: ately implemented.For a first offense,the the treatment contract,compliance with •To implement a unified intervention student discusses the outcome and the this contract. approach on campus for students Student Accountability Ladder with the Step five,Medical Leave,is determined by involved in problems with alcohol Dean.The student then signs off and is the need for intense in-patient services or and drugs advised to practice responsible low-risk medically supervised detoxification with •To promote a common language base drinking.For a second offense,the student agreement by the student.The Student from which the student can communicate must attend a university-sponsored alcohol Accountability Ladder includes helping the with involved university personnel education group (Step two,Education). student and the family understand the •To respond at the earliest possible time The “On Campus Talking About Alcohol” need for this referral.Releases are signed to to potential student addiction to alcohol (OCTAA) curriculum is used for this pro- allow the student’s counseling history to be gram.Though students pay for the manuals shared with the selected in-patient facility. Description: used in the program,they are given the The Student Accountability Ladder is a Step six, Return,is the return to school that incentive of receiving academic credit for sequential series of activities which com- follows the successful completion of a completion of the course,which helps to prise the university’s response to students rehabilitation program.Appropriate diffuse any anger about the sanction. The who have gotten into problems that were releases are signed so that after care goals essential ingredient of this approach is related to alcohol and drugs.The format can be accomplished with the appropriate ongoing communication:all staff are kept is used by staff throughout the campus, university divisions. aware of referrals and recommendations, including Residential Life Staff and the and students who have received mandated The Accountability Ladder has been used office of Judicial Programs.Prior to imple- consequences are monitored on a regular consistently since its inception,thus pre- menting this approach, responses to basis.Student Accountability also includes senting a united and consistent approach disciplinary issues may have missed the parent notification should the Dean so to chemical dependency issues at Colgate fact that the student was experiencing a advocate,and availability of university University.The educational component problem with alcohol or drugs.A consistent counseling services for those who wish (step two) has had the desired effect of educational intervention program was not to explore their patterns of chemical use. persuading numerous students to drink in place to provide reliable information in low-risk amounts and/or to initiate a Should a third offense occur,step three, regarding the dangers of high-risk alcohol request for counseling.For students Evaluation,is implemented:students are or drug use;in addition,there was not a with ongoing issues,the educational inter- referred to Counseling and Psychological staff member with a specialty in substance vention develops a common language to Services for a chemical dependency evalua- abuse counseling. facilitate communication between staff tion.The Student Accountability Ladder The Accountability Ladder has six steps: and students.Emphasis is placed on the includes students participating in the eval- warning,education,evaluation,out-patient existence of a medical problem that uation,receiving diagnostic and treatment counseling,medical leave and return. requires aggressive intervention.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 381 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S The CARE Program Valparaiso University

Contact: can refer an individual to the CARE pro- given a 30-page program booklet which Valparaiso University gram.Students referred may be policy includes self-assessments,information on Enrollment:1,859 Private,Four Year Institution offenders,those arrested,or those students physiological effects of alcohol,a rating of displaying out-of-control behavior such as one’s problem-solving quotient,drug infor- Judy Nagel,M.A.L.S. Coordinator frequent drunkenness,aggressive behavior, mation,interaction of alcohol and drugs, Office of Alcohol and Drug Education or inability to meet academic requirements. problem situations,legal considerations, Published in 1996 Sourcebook coping techniques,crisis intervention and The objectives of the monthly CARE caring confrontation. Objectives: sessions are to: The CARE program has four central •To provide students with a foundation • provide accurate information about operating rules:the first is consecutive for making low-risk choices about future drugs and alcohol and their effects on attendance of the classes;the second is substance use by offering insight-based the human body punctuality (class begins promptly at the education • explore and identify the students’drink- designated hour);the third rule is confi- •To establish a systematic method of ing patterns,feelings,attitudes,values, dentiality (members are asked to respect individual assessment to identify family histories and the social/environ- the confidentiality of fellow members); problem drinkers mental factors that influence the decision and the fourth is honest and cooperative •To foster collaboration between the local to use/abuse substances participation encouraging positive peer courts and the campus judicial system as • increase understanding of how the mis- pressure. well as campus and community agencies use of alcohol/drugs can be detrimental to friendships,to a sense of personal The CARE program costs $300 annually Description: worth and value,and to the healthy which pays for the workbook and other The university established the Chemical functioning of the individual incidental costs.The income is derived Awareness Responsibility Education (CARE) • promote positive peer pressure through from a $50 fee paid by each of the attend- program to serve students referred by the discussion/confrontation that will facili- ing students.The local court has waived local court and the campus judicial system. tate low-risk use of alcohol or the deci- the collection of its $50 educational The primary purpose of the program is sion to remain alcohol/drug free. fee,routing that money to the campus prevention.Students are admitted to the CARE program. class following an individual confidential Topics included in the first session are screening appointment with the program physiological effects of alcohol use on the To evaluate the CARE program,a pre-test is coordinator.The sessions address the body and strategies for making low-risk conducted at the beginning of the sessions students’use of alcohol and provide decisions that reduce the risk of an alcohol- and an evaluation is completed at the con- information and skills designed to help related problem.The second session clusion.Positive results are visible; campus students make responsible decisions about focuses on two major topics:“drinking and organizations serve as a support network alcohol/drug use in the future. driving”and “drugs other than alcohol.” for CARE and bolster referred students Emphasizing alternatives to drinking and effort to make positive changes.Several Referrals to the CARE program can come ways to confront an alcohol problem students have become campus peer edu- from the county court system as well as (assertiveness training,peer responses and cators and student leaders as a result of from judicial and administrative sources on ways of responding to impairment) com- their experience. the campus.Further,concerned students prise the third session. Each participant is

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 382 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

Assessment and evaluation can be quantitative or qualitative in understanding of local resources,and campus services.Assessment nature;projects are best served when evaluation begins at program information can also be used as a program strategy.Assessments inception.The category of assessment and evaluation encompasses can also determine faculty and staff members’perceptions of needs assessments,evaluation protocols,instrumentation,use of student use and related problems.Parents’perspectives can also research findings,dissemination of results,and preparation of journal be documented. articles.The framework for documenting program outcomes and Data can be collected,not only in written form,but through the strategies,assessment and evaluation efforts are critical aspects of use of police reports,health center reports,or incident reports. campus programs,as they yield information that is helpful in modi- Information can also be gathered through audits of the campus fying and improving campus efforts. environment,through institutional self-assessments,and from Campus program staff acknowledge the importance of evaluations; observations of faculty and staff.Key informant interviews and focus assessment and evaluations are particularly helpful in identifying a groups are also informative. program’s strengths and weaknesses.These professionals believe The implementation of assessment and evaluation can occur in a that information gathered through a needs assessment process is variety of ways:through trained peers,graduate research associates, especially helpful,in identifying needs as well as in monitoring professional campus staff,institutional research offices,administra- trends over time and they know that such data can be used for social tors,existing environmental assessment approaches,and faculty.This marketing,publicity,program review and future funding. information can be gathered through the use of existing methodolo- A very popular approach is to conduct a student questionnaire on a gies or approaches that build upon and ultimately test the campus’ variety of topics.Instruments that gather information over time can hypotheses regarding student knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors. be a helpful resource in providing baseline information,as well as Ultimately,a comprehensive evaluation effort including numerous in tracking changes in student knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors approaches is desired.Project staff emphasize the importance of concerning alcohol.The Core Survey is widely used to document linking evaluation with the institution’s mission.They recommend these changes,particularly in federally-funded programs.Individual that the format of gathering and reporting assessment and programs provide a rich source of information. evaluation results be as simple as possible and they recommend Topics covered in assessment instruments are knowledge,attitudes, an interactive process of data collection. behavior,consequences of alcohol use,awareness of policies,

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 383 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Alcohol:Norms,Values and Responsibilities Washington State University

Contact: Description: actual attitudes and behaviors among Washington State University This program is based on the premise that students;it also assesses what respondents Enrollment:19,500 Public,Four Year Institution most college students believe that peers believe other students attitudes and have more liberal attitudes toward drink- behaviors are. John A. Miller,M.S. ing than in fact they do.It also assumes Coordinator When a living group requests an alcohol Substance Abuse Prevention Program that most students believe that their peers awareness program,several days prior Published in 1996 Sourcebook drink to a greater excess than they do. to the program,the questionnaire is dis- An additional premise is that these misper- tributed to members of the organization; Objectives: ceptions might encourage students to during the program,trained student peer •To identify students’perceptions of other drink more than they would if they had educators present the findings to the students’drinking behavior and correct accurate information concerning their living group and facilitate the discussion. existing misperceptions peers’use. •To document the effectiveness of a cam- Results gathered from this evaluation Based on prior research at the university, paign to address student misperceptions process indicate that those students whose as well as documentation by others,the •To reduce alcohol use and abuse and the misperceptions were changed (that is,had program planners identified that misper- resulting problems at the university their perceptions of others’use corrected) ceptions exist and developed a question- actually reduced the amount of alcohol naire,which was distributed to a random they consumed;however,the frequency sample of students’at the beginning of the with which they consumed alcohol school year.The questionnaire determines remained about the same.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 384 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Assessment of Faculty/ Staff Program Northwestern University

Contacts: participants’thoughts about what they incorporation of substance abuse issues Northwestern University hope to get out of the training,what they in their courses. Enrollment:14,014 think the role of the Natural Helper is,diffi- Private,Four Year Institution Seven knowledge questions,rated on a culties they may encounter as a Natural Sandra Derks, M.S. true/false/don’t know scale,are included Helper,some of the symptoms to look for in Alcohol and Substance Abuse Educator/ in the instrument,as are six questions Co-director,Health Education a student who has a drug or alcohol prob- regarding the comfort level of talking with Annann Hong,M.P.H. lem,skills or information needed to be the students,colleagues or family members Alcohol/Substance Abuse Educator kind of Natural Helper that they would like Published in 1996 Sourcebook about their use of substances,and the to be and what they would like to offer the respondent’s ability to identify individuals program.The results of this needs assess- under the influence of substances.Finally, Objectives: ment help the university planners to •To provide information for planning questions are raised about perceptions of choose which specific activities to present the Natural Helpers program student substance use and of the preva- in the three-stage training program. •To document short-term and long- lence of use of alcohol and other specific term effectiveness of the Natural The first set of questions addresses the substances. participants’perceptions of the university’s Helpers program A final assessment is an evaluation form use and abuse of substances by asking the regarding the training program’s presen- Description: ways in which the use of alcohol and drugs tation issues,the educational experience The university implemented a Natural has an impact on students’study behav- and ways of improving it.Training is a key Helpers program to build a sense of com- iors,class attendance,student performance question to be answered in the assessment munity between campus components,and in class,or social maturity.Respondents are of whether answers on the items changed to increase availability of trained resources also asked about their concern regarding as a result of training,and whether more to provide support regarding drug and the level of substance use,as well as ways training makes a difference.Another ques- alcohol issues.The goal of the Natural they can make a difference.Three questions tion is the extent to which changes are Helpers program is to provide faculty and about the university’s policies regarding maintained over time. staff members with adequate knowledge alcohol and drugs are included. and skills to serve as Natural Helper Outcomes are assessed via tracking inter- Four questions serve as the focus of aware- Resources for the Alcohol and Substance ventions in which Natural Helpers have ness of campus-based intervention and Abuse Education Department.The training participated.The nature and outcome of services and determine if the respondent provides knowledge and skills regarding each incident is documented and collated is able to recognize a substance use prob- assessment,intervention,treatment on a quarterly basis.Overall,the data lem in students or colleagues.The level of and recovery.Participants are given oppor- received from the variety of sources provide involvement in campus efforts or other tunities to network with other Natural helpful insight to the Natural Helper pro- seminars is assessed as is the number of Helpers,as well as to practice counseling gram staff.Different responses on each occasions when substance abuse issues and intervention skills. campus (Chicago or Evanston) help to are raised with students or colleagues. provide targeted training activities for At the beginning of the Natural Helpers Faculty members are asked about their the faculty and staff. process,an assessment form solicits

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 385 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Athlete to Athlete Evaluation St.John’s University

Contact: meeting prior to the sports season,at talk with peers about alcohol use,choices, St.John’s University which time team members discuss the and problems.Both student athletes and Enrollment:1,816 Private,Four Year Institution risks associated with drug and alcohol use. non-athletes believe that student athletes Each team sets its own guidelines for the drink less than other students.Further, Daniel Casey,M.A. Counselor use and non-use of substances. student athletes tend to report less Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook intoxication. The evaluation process has three compo- nents.Interviews were conducted with all The third method of evaluation is a survey. Objectives: college staff members involved in some Both the quantity and frequency patterns •To reduce alcohol use and its negative aspect of alcohol education on campus of drinking by athletes,compared to consequences including those with administrative leader- non-athletes,have reversed since the •To engage students in establishing and ship,as well as community representatives. program began;currently student athletes maintaining team guidelines about Throughout these interviews,it was clear report a lower consumption level than alcohol use and non-use that each interviewee was concerned non-athletes.Marked declines in the •To document effectiveness of changes about alcohol use in general and its impact instances of negative consequences of among student athletes on student development.The staff mem- alcohol use,being intoxicated,doing some- Description: bers cited the Athlete to Athlete Program thing that was later regretted,driving a car The Athlete to Athlete Program was as a significant and consistent component when drunk,and similar behaviors have designed in 1988 to assist student athletes of prevention efforts on the campus. been reported among the student athletes to establish and maintain key team guide- Virtually all of the perceptions of the over the 10-year period. program’s impact are positive.Although lines about alcohol use and non-use. The results of these evaluation methods not initially accepted by all members of Conducted by an alumnus of St.John’s suggest that the Athlete to Athlete the Athletics Department,the program University,the program is implemented Program is having a positive impact on the currently is implemented in all varsity with team captains from each sport.The behavior of student athletes,their alcohol sports and has consistently favorable initial discussions take place in four 2-hour use choices,and alcohol-related behavior. assessments from coaches,administrators, training sessions held with all coaches and The survey data show an increased rate of and counseling staff. trainers.These sessions address the role of abstinence and more moderate rates of drugs and alcohol among college athletes, Focus groups serve as the second compo- consumption by program participants and the role of athletic departments,ways of nent of the evaluation process.Groups a marked decline of negative consequences preventing and responding to substance interviewed included Athletics Department due to alcohol.The qualitative measure use problems,and strategies for helping programming personnel,as well as student suggests a generally positive feeling student athletes set personal and team leaders,student athletes,team leaders,and about the program among staff and guidelines for the use of substances. representatives from the general student student participants. Following these training sessions,each population.This process demonstrated that team conducts,on an annual basis,a student athletes are willing and able to

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 386 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Broad-Based Cuyahoga Community College Southwest Texas State University Evaluation Efforts University of Pennsylvania University of Washington

Contacts: Description: approach used; Cuyahoga Community Cuyahoga Community College The efforts on four campuses exemplify College conducts an annual review Enrollment:24,758 Public,Two Year Institution the importance of integrating evaluation of goals and assessment data,as required throughout campus strategies.These sur- by the county’s Drug and Alcohol Services Sharon Bell,M.P.A. Program Coordinator veys were implemented to help provide the Board.Other approaches include evaluation Published in 1996 Sourcebook campus alcohol program administrators of the peer education course,processes and Southwest Texas State University with ongoing information on the effective- presentations,and the reception by stu- Enrollment:20,889 ness of their efforts. dents of each event (used by Southwest Public,Four Year Institution Texas State University).The University of A common approach is the implementation Judy Row,M.Ed. Pennsylvania uses quantifiable data from Director of the Core Survey by colleges;this Health Services,Counseling,Residential ADEPT Center addresses substance use,age of first use, Life,Judicial Affairs and Public Safety to Published in 1996 Sourcebook average weekly alcohol consumption, determine service needs. University of Pennsylvania perceptions of other student use,conse- Enrollment:22,684 quences of use,attitudes toward use and A variety of campus offices are involved Private,Four Year Institution related issues.Cuyahoga Community in the implementation of these various Kate Ward-Gaus,M.S.Ed. College used the Core Survey and incorpo- approaches.At the University of Health Educator Published in 1996 Sourcebook rates the results into its campus-based Washington,the Office of Educational University of Washington effort; Southwest Texas State University Assessment conducts the survey. Enrollment:33,719 administers the Core Survey utilizing Southwest Texas State University’s ADEPT Public,Four Year Institution results in their community-wide (faculty, Center evaluates counseling/referral serv- Deborah J. Costar, M.A. staff and students) education efforts. ices and maintains the results on file. Assistant to the Vice President for Student perspectives are also gathered Student Affairs The use of these findings is particularly through locally based instrumentation such Published in 1996 Sourcebook important.The University of Washington as the University Life and Substance Use conducts its own survey to evaluate uni- Survey,developed by the University of Objectives: versity policies and programs and the sur- Washington.In addition to assessing •To gather information from students on vey results are used in program planning student use of alcohol and drugs,the an ongoing basis on an ongoing basis.Cuyahoga Community effectiveness of educational efforts •To use diverse approaches to evaluate College’s Planning and Action Committee undertaken is addressed. overall campus efforts uses the long- and short-term evaluation Another approach used by campuses is to monitor its project objectives.Southwest participant evaluations of prevention Texas State University reviews the quali- education efforts.Cuyahoga Community tative and quantitative data by semester College conducts this type of evaluation for to make its student-based effort as effec- every prevention event,and the University tive and efficient as possible.At the of Pennsylvania prepares post-educational University of Pennsylvania,planners have workshop evaluations.Southwest Texas the goal of having programming and State University evaluates peer education resources available for each type of drink- training,peer education discussions,class ing or non-drinking behavior;thus,the presentations,counseling services and evaluation information generated is used the Alcohol Education Seminar.An annual to monitor the success of resources and quality assurance review is another programming,as well as policies.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 387 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Campus Environment Longwood College Evaluation The College of Saint Rose

Contacts: assessments are reported to the CCC and when they are aware of a substance abuse Longwood College the Programming Subcommittee of the problem and engaging them in valued Enrollment:3,351 Public,Four Year Institution CCC utilizes the results to recommend and valuable activities that do not include and/or or implement appropriate campus alcohol consumption are recommended. Susan Bruce, M.Ed. Coordinator programming. Following the review of these data,the The Wellness Center campus planners’resolve is to build a The campus needs assessment identifies Published in 1996 Sourcebook critical mass of students who are willing student perceptions of the nature of the The College of Saint Rose to challenge their peers to adopt health- educational,social and safety environment Enrollment:3,879 enhancing attitudes and behaviors. Private,Four Year Institution of the campus.Students are randomly John R. Ellis, M.Ed. selected and mailed the survey.To motivate A related environmental strategy was a Director of Alcohol and Other completion,the names of those who com- study on sexual assault,which identified Drug Prevention Services plete the survey are entered into a raffle levels of physical abuse in a dating rela- Published in 1996 Sourcebook for a gift certificate from the campus store. tionship and documented high-risk and Ongoing mini-surveys are also conducted abusive behaviors in many students.Based Objectives: informally on a bi-weekly basis to learn on the finding that many students are at •To gather information about the campus students’perceptions,knowledge and risk of experiencing substance abuse prob- environment behaviors regarding alcohol and drug lems as a result of suffering from sexual •To generate ongoing information use.One question asked is,“When did abuse,the campus planners determined to guide the campus alcohol abuse you take your first drink and why?”(71% that prevention efforts to address sub- prevention effort indicated that they had their first drink stance abuse must be combined with those Description: by the age of 15). Another question is identified to address sexual violence. “What does the slogan `think before Longwood College and The College of Saint On an ongoing basis,Longwood College you drink’mean to you?”Coverage of Rose consider the overall campus environ- personnel assess attitudes of students on this bi-weekly informal survey is provided ment as a way of dealing with alcohol these environmental issues.For example, in the campus newspaper. abuse and design strategies to blend the they ask agree/disagree questions such as, assessment efforts with the implementa- Longwood College’s approach of gathering “If a man who is drunk forces a women to tion of alcohol abuse prevention strategies. information on the overall environment have sex,he is not really at fault because The Campus Climate Council (CCC) atThe also incorporates the information gathered he didn’t know what he was doing,”or “If a College of Saint Rose is charged with on student alcohol use.A Culture Audit woman who is drunk is forced into having assessing the overall climate of the campus highlights aspects of the campus environ- sex,she is at fault,because she should have and recommends appropriate programs ment.The audit’s evaluators note that known what she was doing.”Positive and activities for all campus constituencies. students define involvement in high-risk changes in attitudes regarding the use of The CCC’s Assessment Subcommittee has behaviors primarily in terms of social activ- alcohol and appropriate dating behaviors implemented several distinct efforts: a ities,which are often perceived to be in have been demonstrated,and blending campus needs assessment and numerous competition with academic involvement. these approaches with other campus effort s specific assessments.The results of these Teaching students the information and is a way of addressing the overall climate. prevention skills necessary to intervene

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 388 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Comprehensive Evaluation Efforts Dartmouth College

Contact: understanding of policies and the effect on based on the evaluation and have been Dartmouth College the social climate were implemented. received positively by students involved. Enrollment:4,283 Private,Four Year Institution The campus effort uses quantitative and Focus groups are conducted throughout John Pryor, M.A. qualitative approaches.From a quantitative the academic year with numerous Coordinator of Evaluation and Research perspective,the Core Survey is used annu- constituencies to further examine alcohol Published in 1996 Sourcebook ally to measure student behavior,attitudes and its effects on both individual students and beliefs.An addendum to the Core and the social structure at the college. Objectives: instrument asks more specific questions Specific groups are fraternity officers,stu- •To understand the role that alcohol plays about the quantity and frequency of alco- dents living in the Alcohol/Other Drug-Free at the college hol use,as well as some additional ques- Residence Hall,students attending non- •To assess the effectiveness of the current tions on the consequences of alcohol use. alcohol social events,and other targeted prevention programs Campus personnel receive the data on disk groups.Some focus groups have empha- Description: to run their own analysis.Periodic special sized gathering information on topics A campus-wide survey indicated that the reports are also prepared for campus such as the experience of the living group vast majority of students felt that the social administrators. situation,while others have asked partici- pants to expand on responses to a question atmosphere contributed to alcohol abuse. Another quantitative approach is a pre- from the campus Core Survey.Questions In addition,determining the effectiveness test/post-test using the On Campus Talking are also raised to gather reactions to some of current programs was deemed to be About Alcohol program,which contains two of the survey findings. essential to evaluating the campus efforts. follow-up post-tests (at one month and six Based on recommendations of the campus months) to be completed after the alcohol A final evaluative approach is a policy task force,several in-depth assessment education program.The data documents analysis,which compares this institution’s and evaluation strategies to determine whether students learn key components of alcohol policies with those of peer institu- the role of alcohol at the college,including the curriculum and maintain them over tions to study the methods being used to beliefs about use,consequences of use, time,as well as report some behavioral deal with alcohol on campus. changes.Program modifications are made

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 389 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Employers Survey University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: alcoholic beverages are sold at a discount university,including insurance companies, University of Missouri – Columbia (such as “penny pitchers,”“two-for-one hospitals,local government,private busi- Enrollment:22,313 Public,Four Year Institution specials,”“quarter draws,”and “ladies’ ness,and universities.These companies nights”).Questions address frequency of employ approximately 50 percent of the Kim Dude, M.Ed. Assistant Director of Student Life going to bars and nightclubs,importance region’s labor force.Questions include the Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook of drink specials,and feelings about a law likelihood of hiring a person who had a that prohibits drink specials. drug/alcohol-related offense on his/her record and any assistance that companies Objectives: This survey,conducted by ADAPT peer •To communicate information on provide to employees with substance educators,is administered to students who substance use to students throughout use problems. have been to a bar in the college town and the university community also to students who have not been to a The results were presented in programs •To gather information regarding the role local bar.The findings of this survey sug- conducted by the ADAPT staff and peer of drink “specials”in the alcohol use of gest that student alcohol consumption educators.They were also presented during young adults would decrease if drink specials were a panel discussion called “Alcohol,Drugs •To communicate the risk of negative regulated.This information was shared and Careers,”offered during alcohol aware- consequences that could hurt students’ with the Community 2000 organization ness month.The findings were also distrib- chances of future employment as well as state legislators and other state uted through the office’s“Reality Check” Description: government officials. advertisement in the student newspaper. The purpose of these advertisements is In an effort to provide students with The other survey gathers information that to raise students’awareness of actual current information on a range of issues, indicates the negative consequences of substance use norms on campus as well the ADAPT Program implemented several students’use of drugs and alcohol during as the potential negative consequences distinct surveys.These telephone surveys college on their chances for future employ- of substance use. gather information that can be used to ment.The university’s ADAPT Program enhance the quality of student life,as well prepared an Employers Survey to examine A formal evaluation of the “Alcohol,Drugs as to inform students of their employment how employers deal with drug and alcohol and Careers”program found that most opportunities following college. issues in the workplace.This five-minute students felt that the program was of at One survey addresses the role of drink survey was administered by telephone least some value while approximately one- specials in the alcohol use of young adults to the personnel directors of the largest third felt that it was of either considerable and asks questions about times when businesses in the area surrounding the or great value.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 390 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Focus Group Project Troy State University

Contact: university students;the other six groups To frame the discussion,the Focus Group Troy State University represent athletic teams,sorority women, me m b ers are asked the fol l o wing questions: Enrollment:6,449 fraternity men, religious organizations, Public,Four Year Institution •What are some of the reasons why band members and minority students. Brooke Faulk,M.A.,M.S. students drink alcohol? Students may sign the consent form to STEP Project Coordinator •Do most students on campus drink more Published in 1996 Sourcebook participate,which is distributed on arrival now than they did in high school? at the session,or they may leave. •Is it easier to get alcohol in college than Objectives: The session begins with an explanation of in high school? What makes it easier? •To assess the campus culture through the research process and the staff planners •What is it about the university culture qualitative assessments express their concern about current trends that contributes to alcohol use and •To provide comparisons over a among college students’alcohol use.The abuse? two-year period fact that students are in the best position •Do any of your friends have problems Description: to help campus leaders understand the with alcohol and other drugs? What Pre- and post-tests using the Core Survey campus culture is stressed.Student facilita- do you suggest that we do about the and an Assessment of STEP Survey gauge tors indicate that the participants were problems? Are there any solutions? administrator,faculty and staff knowledge randomly selected,and that all comments • Have you ever tried to do anything about of alcohol and drug policies,programs, made in the Focus Group are confidential. someone’s alcohol use or your own? They are also told that the discussion will enforcement and assessment.Focus The data gathered from the Focus Groups be videotaped to help the research process; groups are conducted to gain a better are compared over time.Pre-test results however,the tape will be erased after the understanding of the student culture. provide guidance for the campus program researchers review the videotape. There are 10 groups in this study:four and the post-test comparisons provide groups consist of randomly selected additional insight.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 391 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Greek Community Improvement Initiative Mansfield University

Contact: university officials,as well as the leaders of the image of fraternities and sororities on Mansfield University these organizations.The leaders of the the campus.General topic areas include Enrollment:2,954 Public,Four Year Institution Greek organizations were invited to be part academics,community service/public rela- of the effort to improve the image of the tions,social activities,pledging,leadership Carmen Bianco Director fraternity/sorority community by reducing development,the advisor,the Greek Affairs Office of Alcohol and Other Drugs the extent of heavy drinking.Three needs coordinator,university support,and strate- Education assessment methodologies were imple- gies to help improve Greek affairs. Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook mented to identify the nature and scope The third instrument is the Focus Group of the problem and to provide baseline Assessment of Greek Organizations. Objectives: information for subsequent evaluation. •To improve the Greek community’s image Students who are not in a fraternity or by reducing the level of heavy drinking The first instrument,designed for Greek sorority are asked a series of questions •To identify problems associated with the members,was taken from the “Our Chapter, about their perception of Greek organiza- overall “health”of fraternity and sorority Our Choice”survey,which is distributed tions,including perception of activities members nationally by the National Interfraternity related to Greek affairs (such as pledging or •To disseminate accurate information Conference.This “opinionnaire”identifies service projects) and a rating of the Greek about fraternity and sorority members’ attitudes and levels of drug and alcohol use. community on specific issues. attitudes and behavior Questions emphasize perceptions of the Implementation of the needs assessment Description: chapter,its social activities,and policy protocol was conducted through the Greek enforcement.Questions also focus on the Affairs coordinator with the assistance of Based on national statistics and local individual,including positive activities, an intern.A president’s council has also anecdotes,fraternities and sororities are problem behaviors,and their use of drugs been formed to collect information, to dis- high-risk groups for problems related to and alcohol. cuss the data, to make recommendations, alcohol use.A large portion of the campus and to formulate an action plan. population has a negative perception of The second instrument is the Greek the fraternity and sorority communities Organization Assessment which asks Costs of the assessment are covered by due to the drinking by members of these fraternity/sorority students questions in the campus Office of Alcohol and Other groups.In addition,the health of the frater- 10 different areas to help them identify Drugs Education and have been kept to nity/sorority group has been a concern for their role as part of the solution regarding a minimum.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 392 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Hologram Montana State University – Peer Research Model Bozeman

Contacts: continuity and financial responsibility. Students are mentored through the Montana State University – Emphasizing research and evaluation research and evaluation process by the Bozeman Enrollment:10,692 activities,projects designed and imple- Health Promotion Research/Evaluation Public,Four Year Institution mented by health promotion staff and stu- Specialist.Student Health leadership Jennifer Haubenreiser,M.A. dents are used to help focus programming classes also include research as part of the Program Evaluation/Research Specialist and training. curriculum and a new course has been Jeff Linkenbach,Ed.D. developed to involve students in the The first step in implementing this research Director process of research and evaluation within Department of Health Promotion based model was the hiring of a full-time the field of health promotion. Student Health Service research/evaluation specialist to conduct Published in 1996 Sourcebook both qualitative and quantitative studies to One result of the Hologram Model is assess needs and evaluate existing health the development of a cost-effective Objectives: promotion efforts.Strategies include the way to generate data and improve health •To guide campus efforts on health- Core Survey,focus groups with specific promotion programs on the campus. related norms and behaviors audiences,and the assistance of under- A related outcome is that the information •To provide meaningful research projects graduates with research experiences and received provides guidance in the process designed and implemented by students evaluation projects.Examples of evaluation of spending resources to improve the Description: activities facilitated by the specialist and a health of university students.Finally,a baseline summary of incoming freshman yearly publication documenting health The Hologram Peer Research Model was and an evaluation of the outdoor orienta- promotion research and evaluation designed by the health promotion staff to tion program.These projects help faculty, activities is prepared.Collection and dis- guide the campus’efforts on health-related staff and students better understand the semination of relevant data (for assessing norms and behaviors.The Hologram is unique roles they play on the campus and needs and for use in social marketing comprised of seven components:research, how they can contribute to changing the campaigns) has made the department of social marketing,behavior change,health myths about campus substance use. Health Promotion a valuable source of reciprocity (service learning),membership/ information on campus. leadership development,organizational

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 393 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Institutional Self-Assessment Villanova University

Contact: treated fairly during their appointments, of personal support received from Center Villanova University confidentiality,quality of the educational staff and services.In addition,the individ- Enrollment:10,735 Private,Four Year Institution program and information presented,and ual counselor was rated on a four-point degree to which information shared made scale (from poor to excellent) on issues of Janice Janosik,M.A. Director them think and will influence their behav- his/her knowledge about addiction,ability Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance ior in the future.The students were also to accept the student in a supportive and Published in 1996 Sourcebook asked whether they felt comfortable using non-judgmental way,promptness in keep- the services of the Center,if they would ing appointments,ability to positively Objectives: refer the Center to a friend,and whether promote change in the student’s life and •To evaluate the effectiveness of services they think the Alcohol and Drug Program ability to respect confidentiality.Additional offered to students should continue.The results for one aca- questions about recommending the Center •To acquire internal and external demic year illustrate that 95% of the to a friend and plans to continue using the evaluation data respondents indicate that the presented services provided were asked;as was a Description: information made them think and influ- question regarding whether the students enced their behavior.In addition,90% think the Alcohol and Drug Program should The Center for Alcohol and Drug Assistance felt that the mandatory referral program continue.All of the Center’s clients evaluates the effectiveness of its student should continue,and 90% felt comfortable responded that they would recommend services by distributing anonymous utilizing Center services. the Center to a friend and think that the questionnaires to its constituents each program should continue. academic year. The second type of evaluation is conducted with self-referrals,as well as all short-term In addition to these two evaluations, One evaluation is conducted with students and long-term counseling.Again,the Center staff conduct self-assessments using who are mandatory judicial referrals. questions are assessed on a five-point scale internal and external resources.Guidelines A 12-item program evaluation asks the (from poor to excellent) and address issues from the Council on the Advancement of respondents to indicate the extent to of scheduling of appointments,quality of Standards for Alcohol and Drug Programs which each of the specified items has been Center facilities,availability of support provide a basis for self-analysis.In addition, successful.Each of the items is rated on a services,availability of resource literature, regular external analysis is conducted five-point scale,from poor to excellent. degree to which Center staff greeted them through benchmarking studies with the Questions have to do with the scheduling warmly and made them feel comfortable, University’s peer group.Further,intra- of appointments,quality of Center degree to which Center services met their divisional feedback is solicited from offices personnel and facilities,the degree to personal expectations,degree to which most involved in outreach activities. which they feel they were listened to and confidentiality was respected,and degree

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 394 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Justifying Assessments and Evaluations Mansfield University

Contact: The Student Background and Behavior The second phase includes having an Mansfield University Survey is designed to profile student external auditor on campus who interviews Enrollment:2,954 Public,Four Year Institution information including personal habits students,faculty,and staff;reviews CAS and behavior,particularly relating to the internal assessments;and identifies Carmen Bianco Director use of drugs and alcohol. The results are strengths and weaknesses of the program, Office of Alcohol and Other Drugs used to learn more about the factors that internal opportunities and external threats. Education facilitate or inhibit a student’s academic This review provides the program with a Published in 1997/98 Sourcebook success and to improve services to students needed focus.In addition to these three on campus.A complementary survey is standard methodologies,all educational Objectives: conducted during the students’third year efforts are evaluated by participants for •To define the purpose of and direction on campus.This instrument consists of content,satisfaction,and application,and for the campus drug and alcohol 33-items that address family background, suggestions are encouraged.Educational education effort use of drugs and alcohol, beliefs about programs receiving such evaluation include •To produce drug and alcohol educational alcohol and its effects,perceptions of T.I.P.S.training,Safe Spring Break,theme efforts that are outcome-based,cost- drinking problems,and experiences with weeks and the policy violator class (utiliz- effective,and reflective of student needs negative consequences. ing On Campus Talking About Alcohol). •To facilitate a process for ongoing review and dialogue The approach used with the fraternity and Finally,other campus departments provide sorority communities includes the “Our data for evaluation,such as Residence Description: Chapter,Our Choice”survey,which identi- Life violation frequencies,campus police The campus alcohol education efforts were fies attitudes and levels of drug and alcohol arrests,and counseling and health center initiated many years ago with a theme use.Conducted simultaneously,another referrals.A yearly review is conducted week.Educational programming was survey instrument,the Greek Organization and revisions of the goals and objectives, conducted without a defined purpose and Assessment,identifies weaknesses in the including the extent to which the objec- without goals,objectives,or an action plan. Greek system that interfere with commu- tives are measurable and whether they Through use of assessments and evaluation nity development and success.Each of have been met,are made.Accountability of approaches,refinements in the purpose these instruments and protocols is individuals and offices is inherent in this and direction of campus drug and alcohol summarized in a separate abstract. assessment and evaluation process.Sharing education efforts have been accomplished. the information garnered with appropriate The third assessment and evaluation activ- offices helps to facilitate the institutional- Three specific strategies are used to provide ity uses the CAS programs.The preliminary ization of the program and to broaden information for direction setting:a Student review consists of an internal self-assess- support.Inclusion of faculty and staff with Background and Behavior Survey,which is ment.A committee of students,faculty,and interest in drug and alcohol concerns helps conducted during the new student orienta- staff conducts an evaluation of the campus broaden the scope.Evaluation processes tion;assessment methodologies used with drug and alcohol program in 13 areas on a are disseminated through campus-wide the fraternity and sorority members;and scale from noncompliance to compliance. newsletter,radio,TV,and other media. implementation of the processes from the The format specifically includes the identi- Council for the Advancement of Standards fication of documentation and rationale, (CAS) for Student Services/Development description of deficiencies,actions needed Progra m , the Alc ohol and Other Drug Progra m . for com p l i a n c e,and progr am enhancem e n t.

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 395 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Normative Assessment Survey of Incoming Students Boston College

Contact: on attitudes about drinking and drug use, increases students’awareness of the serv- Boston College quantity and frequency of drinking over ices and programs available on campus. Enrollment:14,698 the past year,consequences resulting from Private,Four Year Institution Providing information during the summer alcohol abuse (such as blackouts,vomiting, Kimberley Timpf,M.Ed. orientation program,to both parents or unplanned/unwanted sexual experi- Assistant Dean for AOD Education and students,provides an opportunity Published in 1996 Sourcebook ences,or low grades) and perceptions for parents and their children to discuss regarding student substance use to both positive choices prior to enrollment.It parents and students at the college.The Objectives: further provides an opportunity for •To gather information during new information is compiled and presented on expectations to be shared,prior to the student orientation to present to parents the following day in separate sessions on fall classes. and students community standards.The Assistant Dean •To influence norms and behaviors on for Alcohol and Drug Education and the One insight gained from conducting the campus Dean for Student Affairs conduct these this effort has been the realization by •To empower the majority of students sessions. parents that many behaviors and attitudes who make positive choices and do not are fairly well established before the stu- Professional staff acknowledge that the engage in abusive behavior dent arrives at college and this creates a norms of campus life are,to a large extent, context for discussing alcohol and drug the result of perceived behaviors.The ori- Description: use.Informal observations include an entation program was initiated because During the summer the college offers increase in first-year student membership much of the campus alcohol abuse is three-day orientation sessions for incoming in substance abuse peer education efforts, believed to result from the reputation that first-year students.A survey,developed by an increase in first-year students identify- students feel they must live up to once the Office of Alcohol and Drug Education ing themselves as persons in recovery arriving on campus.The aim of addressing with the assistance of the director of the from addiction and an increase in applica- norms is to empower the majority of stu- First Year Experience,is administered dur- tions for substance free housing in the dents who make positive choices and do ing each session by 35 orientation advisors. freshman areas. On the first day,students are given a survey not engage in abusive behavior.Further,it

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 396 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Parents Association Alcohol Survey University of Colorado at Boulder

Contact: whether alcohol use on campus was a was a wide diversity of opinion about cam- University of Colorado at Boulder problem;to learn parents’perceptions of pus drinking,at the football games and Enrollment:24,548 Public,Four Year Institution the extent of problems associated with with other issues,providing helpful alcohol;and to learn parents’perspectives insights for campus planning.Questions Sara Borst Coordinator,CU Parents Association on the viability of certain potential were raised by parents regarding the Published in 1996 Sourcebook solutions. implementation of policies,the availability of support services on campus and the Representatives of the university’s Parents need for enforcement.Comments also Objectives: Association worked with the Research •To gather insights from students’parents showed appreciation of the Parents Department to develop the “fax it in” regarding alcohol issues on campus Association for addressing this issue questionnaire.This was published as part •To gain parental support for and in “head-on.” of a regular parent newsletter.Specific participation for designing programs concerns on the questionnaire included: University personnel cite the questionnaire as successful since information on the Description: • How parents felt about campus drinking three specific areas was ascertained.Also, Following the highly publicized alcohol- •Whether parents were able to get 400 questionnaires were returned out of related death of a university student,the information about campus substance the 20,000 mailed,which allowed the plan- Parents Association wanted to identify abuse efforts ners to make some qualified generaliza- ways that they could be helpful in reducing •Whether beer should be served at foot- tions.In addition,the information provided alcohol abuse on the campus.They decided ball games (for those age 21 and older) to conduct an informal survey of other by the respondents was quite complete. The questionnaire was prepared by the parents to determine the variety of views Specific actions taken by the university university Research Office.A research office on campus alcohol abuse and to use the demonstrated to the parents that their in student affairs tabulated the returns survey information to assist in the plan- involvement has impact on current campus and then distributed the results to the ning of future campus policies and preven- activities.Parents have expressed a willing- Parents Association. tion programs.The three specific objectives ness to participate in other joint ventures. of the parent survey were:to obtain an The written responses,coded by the understanding of parental views of research office staff,revealed that there

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 397 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Program Evaluation Processes University of Missouri – Columbia

Contact: Information about the respondent is asked, alcohol,but who do not feel that they have University of Missouri – Columbia including gender,year in school,fraternity/ a drinking problem. Enrollment:22,136 sorority affiliation and typical alcohol con- Public,Four Year Institution The information gathered from these sur- sumption.Four questions focus on the Kim Dude, M.Ed. veys is compiled and compared with the event just attended.One question is,“How Assistant Director Student Life university norms to determine how those Published in 1996 Sourcebook much did today’s program make you think who attended the program are similar to about alcohol abuse among college stu- or different from the “typical”university dents?”Another question is,“How much Objectives: student.When examining the results of •To obtain prompt feedback from students did today’s program make you think about the survey,the responses of different about campus prevention programs your own alcohol use?”A third question groups are compared (men versus women, •To provide accountability to use for asks about whether the information fraternity/sorority member versus not). ongoing program planning purposes received in the program makes respon- Another comparison is whether students dents more or less interested in using alco- have different responses based on their Description: hol,and the final question asks him/her to ADAPT and the Wellness Resource Center level of alcohol consumption.With this assess the value of the program. staff administer a one-page questionnaire type of analysis,one event can be com- after most of their sponsored programs One question on the survey provides a pared with another to determine which and events.The Program Evaluation quick measure of a student’s“state of was more effective with a particular group Questionnaire was constructed with the change.”This question provides three of students. choices in response to the question,“Which goal of having a single,all-purpose,easy Program results are typically available the of the following best describes your feel- to administer questionnaire that could be day after the program or event.Tables and ings about your own alcohol use?” used to evaluate different kinds of pro- graphs are prepared and personal com- Responses are:“I don’t think I drink too grams,events and services.It is typically ments are compiled.While this is often much”;“Sometimes I think I should cut administered during the Alcohol Awareness done by a graduate research assistant,peer down on my drinking”;and “I am actually Month activities,Peer Educator presenta- educators frequently tabulate the results changing my drinking habits right now.” tions,Wellness Month events and other by hand. organized programs.Students can com- This particular question helps the staff plete the survey in one minute,resulting understand how well they are reaching in the extremely high response rate of 95% students who consume large amounts of of program attendees.

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2001 PROJECT FINDINGS AND RE C OM M E N D A TI O N S

PRO M I S I N G PR ACTI C ES CAMPUS AL COHOL ST R ATE G I E S

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 399 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 400 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies 2001 PROJECT FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

As documented throughout the pages in this Sourcebook,an abun- the ten findings and recommendations is the same as it was dance of widely diverse quality ideas have emerged from the three in the initial Sourcebook,the details are different.The elaboration national solicitations.While certainly not an inventory of every ini- within each of the findings and recommendations reflects all three tiative that has been undertaken to address alcohol abuse and national solicitations and 5 years of experience with the Promising related problems by colleges in this country,the Sourcebook does Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies project. incorporate many individual initiatives as well as the current state Findings and Observations of the art.As specified in the Introduction,this resource can be used The following ten key elements reflect an overall perspective of the in a variety of ways,such as conducting a review of a campus’own status of campus efforts in 2001: efforts or using the items as a stimulus for generating relevant campus strategies. 1.The campus-based approaches manifest rich diversity and creativity. Campus efforts demonstrate a wide range of strategies The project co-directors and advisory panel reaffirm the need for and approaches.Some topic areas,such as awareness and a comprehensive long-term perspective formulate strategies and targeted,lend themselves to creative initiatives;others such as approaches that are appropriate for the campus.Using the frame- enforcement are less likely to incorporate innovative approaches.The work developed for the Task Force Planner,campus leaders can multiple solicitation processes indicate that creativity and blending use this Sourcebook to help address needs and gaps. of approaches across categories occurs quite often.Campus leader- In preparing these findings and recommendations,a 5-year perspec- ship personnel are also continuing to design appropriate,campus- tive has been used.The findings,observations,and recommendations based strategies reflecting the unique and current needs and are based on the information obtained from the three national diversity found on their campuses. solicitations,as well as a wide range of ensuing conversations with 2.Although comprehensive campus-based efforts are desired,a professionals from campuses throughout the nation.These conversa- fully comprehensive approach is rarely achieved. In the first two tions occ u r red during fol l o w-up activities with applicant s ,con d u ct i n g solicitation processes,comprehensive campus-based efforts were interviews with campus leaders in a variety of roles,and conducting actively solicited.However,campus-based efforts,which demon- workshops about ways to incorporate the resources developed strated the comprehensive nature espoused within this project,were through the Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies initiative. actually quite limited in number.Though campus personnel are When the first edition of this Sourcebook was published in 1996,the increasingly acknowledging the need for a comprehensive campus- findings and observations,as well as recommendations,were reflec- based initiative,they often find it difficult to garner the resources for tive of that initial solicitation. Illustrations and documentation of the full implementation.The important role that multiple constituencies ways in which the key elements were demonstrated through the can play in accomplishing the desired outcome of a comprehensive materials review process were provided.The 5-year perspective campus effort is acknowledged;however,campuses tend to imple- reveals that the same key points are valid;that is,while shifts within ment a limited range of programs,policies,or other initiatives,many the professional field are noted,the primary elements identified ear- of which focus on a social norms marketing approach.This tends lier are still the major points today.Emerging areas and changes that to both incorporate a range of previously unconnected program are noted are subsumed within the overall Project Findings and elements and use available resources. (Continued) Recommendations,highlighted below.Thus,while the wording of

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3.Campus initiatives often do not clearly articulate desired 6.Many alcohol abuse prevention strategies are blended with outcomes. With constraints on campus programs and personnel, health-oriented approaches.A review of strategies from the three having clearly established desired outcomes is extremely important. solicitations indicates that though the vast majority of approaches The emphasis upon “clarity of outcomes”has been a focus through- are directly focused on alcohol abuse prevention,this attention is out the 5 years of this project.This emphasis upon results contrasts often within the context of related health issues.Alcohol abuse pre- with the more common emphasis on the process.Though most of vention was found to be incorporated in a range of strategies and the initial applications in 1995 did not reflect a clear delineation of approaches,demonstrating that prevention efforts can be included desired outcomes,the applications received in the following two within a range of strategies and approaches overall.The infusion of solicitations demonstrate a clearer articulation of desired outcomes. alcohol abuse prevention messages is found increasingly throughout Further,in workshops with campus and community personnel,an institutions in a range of approaches through targeted and stake- clearer understanding of the results desired from specific campus holder efforts,as well as through enforcement and curricular initia- initiatives is evident. tives.Topical linkages of alcohol abuse prevention have been found with impaired driving,academic performance,overall human 4.Evaluation of campus initiatives is rare.Evaluation is quite lim- development,acquaintance rape,violence,and healthy living. ited throughout the entire range of applications received.However, the applications received in 1999-2000 demonstrate increased 7.New approaches appear to be emerging in campus efforts. attention to evaluation.Further,the evaluation emphasis Through the 5 years of gathering approaches designed to reduce is much more focused on outcomes.While process evaluation is alcohol-related problems on campus,it is clear that they are becom- important,the emphasis upon outcome evaluation is parallel to the ing more sophisticated.While curricular infusion was more wide- emphasis on clearly defined desired outcomes.Though many cam- spread than anticipated during the first solicitation,other new puses use the Core Survey,many other campuses are developing approaches for alcohol abuse prevention are currently found. instruments and protocols that are more directly associated to the Innovative initiatives for enforcement,scientifically grounded strate- goals of their project. gies,and an increased involvement of Task Forces have been found. Further,a respect for and involvement with the community sur- 5.Awareness,peer-based,and environmental/targeted efforts rounding the campus is emerging.As noted already,social norms dominate campuses efforts.The overwhelming majority of marketing has increased substantively in campus programming applications received in the first two solicitations were in one or efforts,the preliminary findings of positive results have helped to more of these topic areas;they illustrate the diversity and creativity fuel the momentum toward embracing this approach.Also,particu- found in alcohol abuse prevention programming efforts.Many of larly encouraging are the emerging approaches within the value these three types of approaches overlapped with other areas such as conflict resolution category;they are thoughtful and philosophically enforcement and support and intervention services.Knowing of the grounded and merit further examination and review. importance of targeted efforts,the third solicitation specifically requested applications with an emphasis on targeted and stake- The dominance of the Alcohol 101® CD-ROM,prepared by the holder audiences.The specific request for these focused efforts University of Illinois with a grant from The Century Council,in the identified a wide variety of approaches,demonstrating the existence third solicitation indicates the desire for high tech approaches such of directed initiatives and the growing awareness that broad as is found with this resource.However the sparse results obtained brushed,generalized approaches,while helpful,are not sufficient to for other technology-based approaches points to an area that adequately reach specific audiences.The need for programs which demands further attention. emphasize the unique needs and circumstances of populations 8.There is insufficient consistency in the delivery of the within the overall university campus and community framework is “message.” As noted after the first solicitation,the messages about being acknowledged. alcohol abuse being communicated to the campus community are often unclear.Through the review of applications as well as discus- sions with campus personnel, campuses often lack clarity about

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 402 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S what is to be communicated,what is to be measured,and what the through hard work,perseverance,patience,good will,and dedication desired outcomes are.Programming efforts appear disconnected and to the quality of life for students and for their campuses. individualized,resulting in limited consistency In review,the findings that were generated by the first two solicita- Project Findings and Recommendations (continued)and clarity about tions remain much the same today;however,the illustrations which the message being communicated to the student population. Some document their existence include an expanded view of the campus. campuses even expressed concern because targeted approaches Recommendations have different messages for different audiences.The processes The recommendations that follow have emerged from the findings. undertaken through this project indicate that what the campus is Though each of these was cited in the initial publication of the promoting or preventing – whether it is harm Sourcebook,they warrant additional attention today.Many of the reduction,risk avoidance,environmental change,individual self recommendations made in the initial publication of the Sourcebook determination,or personal understanding of consequences – is appear to have been taken to heart by campus leadership personnel often not articulated and discussed.The project’s co-directors believe and policy makers,as well as by those involved in similar roles at the that program goals should emerge from the philosophical underpin- state,consortia,or national level.Just as with the findings,the docu- nings of the college,which form the philosophical foundation of mentation for each of these is based on current perspectives. the program. 1.Integrate alcohol abuse prevention efforts into the 9.Insufficient marketing of approaches is common. The market- fabric of the institution. Alcohol abuse prevention will be best ing of the campus-based efforts has improved significantly over the served when it is integral to the operations and activities of the 5 years of gathering insights and materials from campuses.The institution.Just as these efforts need to be grounded in the overall biggest factor believed to have helped marketing efforts has been mission of the institution,it is similarly important that they be social norms marketing efforts that emphasize correcting mispercep- viewed as a shared responsibility among the institution’s personnel. tions of campus norms.It is hoped that the emphasis upon creative The project’s Task Force Planner illustrates this concept extremely and enticing approaches for marketing will be expanded to the well by focusing on the range of ten categories of groups or organi- range of themes,orientations,messages,and methods incorporated zations in the campus effort.The Task Force Planner further illus- through this project.This area of emerging marketing is a domain trates the wide variety of approaches to incorporate alcohol abuse that will certainly benefit from close attention. prevention efforts into campus life,from policies and enforcement to 10.Personnel guiding these efforts have tremendous support services and curriculum.This can be viewed as a “ganglion” dedication but limited support. The interactions with campus effect whereby the prevention efforts are throughout the institution leadership personnel,whether student affairs personnel,police and not viewed as distinct activities or events.It is hoped that each officers,health center personnel, coordinators of campus efforts,or campus and each organizational unit within a campus consider how faculty,continue to reaffirm their dedication.They report that they it can be involved in the prevention of and response to alcohol- value sharing resources and ideas and strive to identify ways of related problems.Further,acknowledging the academic mission of addressing,in an efficient way,alcohol abuse problems.Campus per- institutions requires that clear and direct attention be placed upon sonnel who are actually guiding the efforts are typically hampered ways of relating alcohol abuse prevention efforts with academic by limited resources and attention from the campus’senior adminis- success and academic performance.By working closely with faculty trators.The challenges they face are so widespread and infused into members in particular,clearer directions can be gained for the future the societal and institutional framework that it makes change diffi- of alcohol abuse prevention efforts. cult.With the assistance and support of other professionals and 2.Ensure that efforts are clearly defined and well grounded. para-professionals,these individuals shape the campus effort;they There is an increased call for science-based efforts in college alcohol are the spirit and glue that hold the programmatic efforts together. abuse prevention.The growing emphasis upon evaluation and qual- Typically their status on campus and the resources provided for their ity results demands that campus prevention efforts adhere to this set efforts are quite limited.Their accomplishments are achieved (Continued) P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 403 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Project Findings and Recommendations(continued)

of standards.Clearly defining the desired outcomes and specifying interactions,course preparation,policy development,enforcement, the assumptions surrounding student behavior and growth will fur- administration and more;however,all too often it is precisely this ther enhance the prevention initiatives.By combining efforts with range of tasks that is expected of one person. Further,this one per- other resource personnel from the campus and the community, son-a campus coordinator-often serves in this role in addition to leadership personnel can better ground their efforts and also extend other roles and responsibilities on campus;a range of personnel the reach of these initiatives.Clearly defining needs and articulating involved in a Task Force that shares the responsibility and engages goals helps with the design,implementation,evaluation and ulti- expertise from throughout the campus and community will help to mate institutionalization of the campus effort.t Findings and facilitate this.The investment with resources and personnel,when grounded within the comprehensive and theoretically based and 3.Create a comprehensive and long-term perspective. As speci- evaluated campus efforts,is an investment highly recommended. fied in the initial days of the Promising Practices:Campus Alcohol Strategies project,a comprehensive approach is integral to making 6.Build program connections on and off the campus. Not only a significant change with alcohol abuse issues on the campus.Since are more resources necessary on the campus,but linkages with off it is widely known that initiation with alcohol generally precedes campus personnel,both in the surrounding community and in the attendance at college and that alcohol issues are societal issues, larger realm of off-campus (such as alumni,parents,and state offi- colleges must undertake a wide variety of approaches and sustain cials) can be extremely helpful.These individuals and groups are these over time to be able to have meaningful results.This compre- increasingly selected as partners in the process of defining and hensive perspective is best exemplified by the Task Force Planner implementing appropriate campus-based strategies.This collabora- which clearly illustrates the shared responsibility essential for imple- tion and support helps to not only share resources,but also share menting the campus- and community-based approach.While perspectives and insights and also resources.The range of commu- progress can be noted,substantive change will occur only after a sus- nity partnerships,as well as sharing that occurs through other tained effort over time;the long-term perspective also means that it resources,helps in the building of relationships and interactions. is unrealistic to expect changes promptly.Changing the campus cul- 7.Collaborate with other professionals. Through the solicitation ture goes hand in hand with changing the culture of the community processes,the Sourcebook has captured the voluntary sharing of surrounding the campus as well as the general societal culture. quality work designed and implemented by professionals through- 4.Design campus initiatives to be multi-targeted and broad- out the nation.This has been in written form through this based.The diversity of campus populations and sub-populations Sourcebook as well as,increasingly,through technological forms indicates the essential need to have targeted efforts.Approaches for such as Web sites and e-mails.This willingness to offer insights and different subpopulations on and off the campus as well as those who approaches is precisely the collaboration desired when this project are not students,are both appropriate and necessary.Attention to was initially undertaken. Collaboration can further be enhanced the range of drinking patterns,prevention efforts,and intervention through training,consortia, workshops,publications,and on-going and support are needed along with movement towards lower risk dialogue.By sharing the insights,successes,and gaps,professionals behaviors and lower risk environments to establish the broad foun- can continue their quest for higher quality and more effective dation of the campus initiative. approaches.Collaboration also helps to offset the all too prominent sense of isolation faced both on and off the campus.It is also recom- 5.Allocate appropriate resources and staff commensurate with mended that this collaboration occur with those for whom alcohol the task. To adequately implement a comprehensive campus effort, abuse prevention is not a specialty:this may include parents,stu- it is critical that sufficient resources and personnel be assigned to dents,community members,and others.Further,collaboration may this.long-term and comprehensive effort.The variety of tasks inher- occur with professionals whose areas of expertise may offer insights; ent in a comprehensive program requires a range of skills.It is not these may be found in business,marketing,public policy,ethics, reasonable to expect a single individual to be proficient in student organization development,and technology. counseling,group workshops,lectures,interactions with the media, marketing,evaluation design,interpretation of data,research,public

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 404 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S 8.Conduct and use on-going evaluation. Evaluation is an integral as relatively insignificant and may even be seen as token. Further, part of any campus-based effort.From the needs assessment process support is essential from other aspects of the campus hierarchy, to the development of sound outcome and process evaluation whether it is law enforcement personnel,student health center methodologies,it is critical that evaluation be incorporated at all nurses,student organization members,or other students on campus. phases of the alcohol abuse prevention initiative.Evaluation can be Garnering support from a range of constituencies is critical.Again, incorporated for the overall campus-based initiative with its general- with the “ganglion”analogy,it is important for institutionalization ized goals and objectives.It is also appropriate to include evaluation of the campus-based effort that a wide range of personnel and with individual programs.Having an on going “feedback loop”is cen- individuals are involved tral to continuing the improvement and design and delivery of the It is our belief that the implementation of these recommendations campus effort.Sharing the results of evaluation findings will further will yield better results for the campus community.We believe that help not only the campus initiative but also other professionals in careful and thoughtful integration and incorporation of these recom- their efforts on their campuses and in their communities. mendations will help campus professionals who are charged with alcohol abuse prevention,as well as others on the campus,to“work 9.Clearly define the message and market the initiative. smarter,not harder.”Though the task ahead is significant,we have As noted,campus based efforts are increasingly marketing the identified outstanding programs and a range of resources that we messages about their overall alcohol abuse prevention effort.This believe will help for campus,community,state and national person- is helpful in changing the awareness of campus norms as well as nel in their efforts to address alcohol-related problems.We hope that correcting misperceptions on the campus.A clear focus with a well campus professionals will network with those who developed these defined message and clearly articulated philosophies and perspec- individual programs to create programs for their campuses. tives will help increase buy-in and understanding by the range of constituencies involved with the campus program.Marketing the The family of resources – this Sourcebook,the Task Force Planner positive results obtained from the campus efforts can be helpful in and Guide,and the Action Planner – all help to promote a sustained further generating support and ultimately a positive assessment of effort.It is our belief that these resources,particularly when the campus programs. grounded within the other resources on the campus,will be helpful in promoting sustained initiatives for the campus.Clear foundations, 10.Solicit support from the top and bottom of the campus an organized plan,an eye toward institutionalization,and a use of hierarchy.The growing awareness of the shared responsibility for personnel and resources are critical. alcohol abuse prevention supports the understanding that all groups and organizations have a role to play in a comprehensive campus- As we stated at the conclusion of our first Sourcebook and feel all based prevention effort.However,the need for support from the the more strongly today,it is our belief that change is possible and leadership at the top of the institution is critical;this includes the a positive future can be reached: chancellor,the board of trustees,the president,and chief administra- “The goal of making our campuses healthier and safer living and tive officers.Each of these key leadership individuals and groups learning environments is attainable;sharing our strategies and significantly shapes the direction and scope of the campus efforts. resources will enable us to more quickly maximize our students’ Commitment from the top is essential to shape,direct,and help sus- potential.We are confident that vision,patience,and perseverance tain campus alcohol abuse prevention;without it,efforts are viewed will help us to minimize alcohol abuse on campuses.”

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 405 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 406 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies INDEX:1995-2000

Aims Community College ...... 207 Albertson College ...... 374 Alfred University ...... 70,76,162,375 Allegheny College ...... 273 Ashland University ...... 184,301 Augsburg College ...... 31,204,266 Austin Peay State University ...... 197 Baldwin – Wallace College ...... 171,227,372 Ball State University ...... 371 Baltimore City Community College ...... 200 Baylor College of Dentistry,Texas A&M University System ...... 250,255,359 Baylor University ...... 280 Berkshire Community College ...... 160 Bentley College ...... 142 Bethel College ...... 186 Binghamton University ...... 351 Bloomsburg University ...... 255 Boston College ...... 211,317,396 Boston University ...... 38,67,104 Bowling Green State University ...... 54,78,368 Bradley University ...... 292 Bridgewater State College ...... 16,226 Brown University ...... 240,278,322 Bryant College ...... 74,207,301 Bucknell University ...... 220 Buffalo State College ...... 235 Cabrini College ...... 268 Caldwell College ...... 185 California State University,Long Beach ...... 210 Canisius College ...... 173 Capital University ...... 161 Carroll Community College ...... 200 Casper College ...... 201 Castleton State College ...... 207,362 Catholic University of America, The ...... 101 Central Connecticut State University ...... 173 Central Michigan University ...... 34,137 Central Missouri State University ...... 96 Chapman University ...... 281 Charles County Community College ...... 219,274 CHI Institute RETS Campus ...... 192

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 409 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

Chowan College ...... 207 Claremont Colleges,The ...... 28 Clemson University ...... 93,236,300 Colgate University ...... 381 College of Charleston ...... 254 College of Eastern Utah ...... 185 College of Saint Benedict ...... 127,199 College of Saint Rose,The ...... 175,188,230,388 College of West Virginia ...... 107 College of William and Mary ...... 145,212 Colorado State University ...... 100,148,232 Concordia University ...... 231 Creighton University ...... 283 Cuyahoga Community College ...... 173,387 Dartmouth College ...... 389 Dean College ...... 181,231 Dickinson College ...... 201 Doane College ...... 377 Duke University ...... 221 Dundalk Community College ...... 197 East Carolina University ...... 182,195 East Tennessee State University ...... 72 Eastern Connecticut State University ...... 312,366 Eastern Illinois University ...... 266 Eastern Kentucky University ...... 169 Eastern Michigan University ...... 203,257,321 Eastern Oregon State College ...... 348 Elizabethtown College ...... 268 Emerson College ...... 343 Fairfield University ...... 73,76,80 Ferrum College ...... 184 Florida International University ...... 55 Florida State University ...... 22,37 Fordham University ...... 290,309,339 Fort Hays State University ...... 291,310 Francis Marion University ...... 116 George Mason University ...... 77,117,156 Georgia Institute of Technology ...... 184 Georgia Southern University ...... 181,183,369 Gettysburg College ...... 251,369 Great Basin College ...... 213 Gustavus Adolphus College ...... 306 Hampden-Sydney College ...... 332 Hastings College ...... 203 Hillsborough Community College ...... 194,216 Hood College ...... 344

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 410 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

Illinois State University ...... 258,259 Indian River Community College ...... 184,214 Indiana State University ...... 222,379 Indiana University at Bloomington ...... 247,364 Indiana University of Pennsylvania ...... 13,126 Inter American University of Puerto Rico ...... 150 Iowa State University ...... 260,327 James Madison University ...... 71,379 Jefferson Community College ...... 279 Joliet Junior College ...... 88 Jones County Junior College ...... 284 Kansas State University ...... 197 Keene State College ...... 246 Kenyon College ...... 99 King’s College ...... 192 Kutztown University ...... 53 La Salle University ...... 141 Lafayette College ...... 293 Langston University ...... 272,311 Logan Collelege of Chiroproactic ...... 129 Longwood College ...... 231,278,304,388 Louisiana State University ...... 276,277 Loyola Marymount University ...... 98 Luther College ...... 298,333,347 Lycoming College ...... 194 Lynchburg College ...... 89 Lynn University ...... 43 Lyon College ...... 278 Mansfield University of Pennsylvania ...... 392,395 Marquette University ...... 115 Marshall University ...... 204,242,263 Marymount College Palos Verdes ...... 36 Marymount University ...... 379 Maryville University of Saint Louis ...... 246,338 Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts ...... 123 McHenry County College ...... 214 Mercy College of Northwest Ohio ...... 91 Mesa Community College ...... 282 Miami University ...... 246 Middlesex Community College ...... 144,245,290,338 Middlesex County College ...... 293 Millersville University ...... 198,268 Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design ...... 346 Mississippi State University ...... 196 Montana State University – Bozeman ...... 157,328,329,337,393 Mount Holyoke College ...... 174

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 411 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

Mount Olive College ...... 181 Mount Wachusett Community College ...... 97 Mountain Empire Community College ...... 213 Muhlenberg College ...... 205 Nebraska Wesleyan University ...... 62,187 New Mexico State University ...... 318 NewYork University ...... 84 Norfolk State University ...... 51 North Adams State College ...... 223,247,281,302 North Central College ...... 139,335 North Dakota State University ...... 318 Northeastern Illinois University ...... 264,330 Northeastern University ...... 369 Northern Arizona University ...... 216 Northern Illinois University ...... 241,256 Northern Kentucky University ...... 234 Northern State University ...... 316 Northwestern University ...... 299,338,385 Oakland University ...... 42,244,339 Oberlin College ...... 190 Occidental College ...... 49 Ohio Dominican College ...... 190 Ohio State University,The ...... 206 Ohio University ...... 105,131,363 Ohio Wesleyan University ...... 19 Oregon State University ...... 124 Oswego State University ...... 56 Park College ...... 196 Parks College of Saint Louis University ...... 261 Pasco Hernando Community College ...... 182 Pennsylvania State University Berks Campus and Lehigh Valley Campus ...... 113 Pennsylvania State University Main Campus ...... 17,350 Pennsylvania State University Worthington-Scranton Campus ...... 213 Plymouth State College ...... 20,154,270,286 Portland State University ...... 85 Purdue University ...... 122 Quinnipiac College ...... 358 Radford University ...... 86,108 Rhodes College ...... 181,349 Rice University ...... 303 Richard Stockton College of New Jersey ...... 262 Rochester Community College ...... 194 Rosemont College ...... 214 Rowan University ...... 253 Rutgers University ...... 83,196 Saint John’s University ...... 127,386

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 412 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

Saint Leo University ...... 68 Saint Louis College of Pharmacy ...... 263 Saint Louis University ...... 244 Saint Mary College ...... 215 Saint Michael’s College ...... 125,218,237 San Bernadino Valley College ...... 180 San Diego State University ...... 285 San Francisco State University ...... 79,101,235,331 San Jose State University ...... 164 Santa Clara University ...... 303 Seton Hall University ...... 117 Seton Hill College ...... 96 Shenandoah University ...... 259 Simpson College ...... 128 Sinclair Community College ...... 165 South Dakota School of Mines and Technology ...... 174,326 South Dakota State University ...... 25 Southeast Community College – Lincoln Campus ...... 245 Southeastern Louisiana University ...... 354 Southern Conneticut State University ...... 75 Southern Illinois University – Carbondale ...... 120,172 Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville ...... 182 Southern Maine Technical College ...... 180 Southern Methodist University ...... 58 Southwest Missouri State University ...... 119,227 Southwest Texas State University ...... 288,387 Stanly Community College ...... 205 State University of New York at New Paltz ...... 163 State University of New York College at Brockport ...... 223 State University of New York College at Cortland ...... 67,228 State University of New York College at Geneseo ...... 243 State University of New York College at Oneonta ...... 109 Stephens College ...... 239 Stetson University ...... 345 Sussex County Community College ...... 48 Syracuse University ...... 18,33,112,219,356 Temple University ...... 174 Texas Christian University ...... 24,138 Texas Tech University ...... 149 Tidewater Community College ...... 187 Towson State University ...... 369 Trinity University ...... 67 Troy State University ...... 391 Troy State University at Dothan ...... 351 Troy State University at Montgomery ...... 252 Tufts University ...... 320

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 413 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

Union Institute,The ...... 250 United States Military Academy ...... 168 United States Naval Academy ...... 82 Universidad del Sagrado Corazon ...... 291 University at Albany,State University of New York ...... 21,61,110,118 University of Alabama,The ...... 136 University of Alaska Anchorage ...... 233 University of Arizona ...... 50,90,212 University of Buffalo ...... 14,323 University of California – Santa Barbara ...... 60,267,290 University of California – Irvine ...... 47,280 University of Central Florida ...... 92 University of Cincinnati ...... 298 University of Colorado at Boulder ...... 222,353,397 University of Connecticut ...... 158,296,331,365,373 University of Florida ...... 202 University of Georgia ...... 170 University of Houston ...... 302 University of Illinois at Chicago ...... 46,199,281 University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign ...... 23 University of Illinois at Springfield ...... 189 University of Iowa ...... 210 University of Louisville ...... 175 University of Maine ...... 52,65,314 University of Maryland – Baltimore County ...... 111,303 University of Maryland in College Park, The ...... 39,175,209,336 University of Massachusetts – Boston ...... 101 University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey – Newark Campus ...... 176 University of Michigan,The ...... 153,315 University of Michigan – Flint ...... 81 University of Missouri – Columbia ...... 15,63,64,176,180,219,265,274,332,390,398 University of Missouri – Kansas City ...... 358 University of Nebraska at Kearney ...... 293,379 University of Nebraska – Lincoln ...... 380 University of Nebraska Medical Center ...... 355 University of North Carolina – Charlotte ...... 39 University of North Carolina – Wilmington ...... 130 University of North Dakota ...... 318 University of Northern Colorado ...... 190,369 University of Northern Iowa ...... 251 University of Notre Dame ...... 203,307 University of Oregon ...... 195,261,269 University of Pennsylvania ...... 176,234,335,387 University of Pittsburgh,Pittsburgh Campus ...... 121,319 University of Portland ...... 203,205,265,313 University of Puget Sound ...... 69

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 414 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Index (continued)

University of Redlands ...... 215,339 University of Rhode Island ...... 287,367 University of San Francisco ...... 206,368 University of Scranton ...... 155 University of South Alabama ...... 352 University of South Carolina ...... 291 University of South Dakota ...... 45 University of St.Thomas ...... 193 University of Texas at Austin ...... 66,146 University of Utah ...... 280,298 University of Vermont ...... 342 University of Virginia ...... 59,147 University of Washington ...... 32,152,297,308,357,387 University of West Florida ...... 190 University of Wisconsin at Parkside ...... 195 University of Wisconsin – LaCrosse ...... 114 University of Wisconsin – Madison ...... 224 University of Wisconsin – Whitewater ...... 57,151 Utah State University ...... 288,321 Valdosta State University ...... 140 Valparaiso University ...... 382 Villanova University ...... 30,200,288,303,327,369,394 Virginia Commonwealth University ...... 35,143 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University ...... 208 Virginia Wesleyan College ...... 29,96 Wake Forest University ...... 191 Walla Walla Community College ...... 177,284,334 Walters State Community College ...... 215 Washington and Lee University ...... 275 Washington College ...... 378 Washington State University ...... 87,229,288,384 Washington University ...... 218,278 Webster University ...... 358 Wesleyan University ...... 202 West Chester University of Pennsylvania ...... 376 West Virginia University ...... 94 Western Michigan University ...... 290 Western Washington University ...... 40,106,166 Wheeling Jesuit University ...... 238 Widener University ...... 303 Winthrop University ...... 44 Yakima Valley Community College ...... 225

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 415 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 416 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies PARTICIPATING CAMPUSES: 1995-2000

Alabama California University of California – Santa Barbara Athens State College American College of Traditional Chinese University of California – Irvine Auburn University Medicine University of San Diego Bevill State Community College California Christian College University of San Francisco Bishop State Community College California State Polytechnic University – University of the Pacific Enterprise State Junior College Pomona University of the Redlands Gadsen State Community College California State University – Fresno Marion Military Institute California State University – Fullerton Colorado Sparks State Technical College California State University – Long Beach Aims Community College Spring Hill College Chapman University Colorado Mountain College Troy State University Claremont Colleges,The Colorado State University Troy State University at Dothan Concordia University Pikes Peak Community College Troy State University Montgomery D-Q University Regis University Tuskegee University DeVry Institute of Technology University of Colorado at Boulder University of Alabama , The Kings River Community College University of Northern Colorado University of South Alabama Loyola Marymount University Marymount College Connecticut Alaska Marymount College Palos Verdes Central Connecticut State University University of Alaska Anchorage Merced College Eastern Connecticut State University Mira Costa College Fairfield University Arizona Mission College Manchester Community-Technical College Arizona State University Napa Valley College Naugatuck Valley Community –Technical Mesa Community College Occidental College College Northern Arizona University Palmer College of Chiropractic – West Quinnipiac College Pima County Community College District Palomar College Sacred Heart University University of Arizona San Bernardino Valley College Southern Connecticut State University San Diego Miramar College University of Connecticut Arkansas San Diego State University University of Hartford Lyon College San Francisco State University University of New Haven Mid – South Community College San Jose State University Wesleyan University Quachita Baptist University Santa Clara University University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Standford University Delaware Thomas Jefferson School of Law Delaware State University United States International University

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 417 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

District of Columbia Oglethorpe University University of Illinois at Springfield American University Savannah College of Art & Design University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Catholic University of America, The University of Georgia Western Illinois University Gallaudet University Valdosta State University William Rainey Harper College Waycross College Federated States of Micronesia Indiana College of Micronesia – FSM Guam Ball State University University of Guam Grace College Florida Indiana State University Edward Waters College Idaho Indiana University at Bloomington Florida Atlantic University Albertson College Indiana University – FortWayne Florida College Boise State University Ivy Tech State College – Central Indiana Florida International University North Idaho College Ivy Tech State College at Indianapolis Florida State University Ricks College Purdue University Hillsborough Community College Saint Joseph’s College Indian River Community College Illinois University of Notre Dame Lynn University Belleville Area College Valparaiso University Miami – Dade Community College Bradley University Okaloosa – Walton Community College College of Du Page Iowa Palm Beach Atlantic College College of Lake County Buena Vista University Pasco – Hernando Community College Eastern Illinois University Central College Ringling School of Art and Design Governors State University Dordt College Saint Leo University Illinois Central College Graceland College Santa Fe Community College Illinois State University Iowa State University Stetson University Joliet Junior College Kirkwood Community College University of Central Florida McHenry County College Luther College University of Florida McKendree College Maharishi University of Management University of Miami North Central College North Iowa Area Community College University of North Florida North Park College and Theological Simpson College University of South Florida Seminary Southeastern Community College University of West Florida Northeastern Illinois University University of Iowa Northern Illinois University University of Northern Iowa Georgia Northwestern University Armstrong State College Oakton Community College Kansas Berry College Parks College of Saint Louis University Cowley County Community College Brenau University Prairie State College Fort Hays State University Georgia Institute of Technology Quincy University Fort Scott Community College Georgia Southern University Richland Community College Haskell Indian Nations University Georgia Southwestern State University Sauk Valley Community College Kansas State University Kennesaw State University Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Pittsburgh State University LaGrange College Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville Saint Mary College Morris Brown College University of Illinois at Chicago University of Kansas

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 418 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

Kentucky University of Maryland Baltimore County Mid Michigan Community College Bellarmine College University of Maryland Eastern Shore Oakland University Brescia College University of Maryland in College Park, The University of Michigan – Flint Centre College Washington College University of Michigan – Ann Arbor Eastern Kentucky University Western Maryland College Wayne County Community College Georgetown College Western Michigan University Jefferson Community College Massachusetts Murray State University Assumption College Minnesota Northern Kentucky University Bentley College Augsburg College Saint Catherine College Berkshire Community College Bethel College Spalding University Boston College Carleton College University of Kentucky Boston University Century College University of Louisville Bradford College College of Saint Benedict Bridgewater State College Gustavus Adolphus College Louisiana College of the Holy Cross Rochester Community College Louisiana State University and Agricultural Dean College Saint John’s University and Mechanical College Emerson College University of Minnesota – Duluth Loyola University New Orleans Mansfield University Northwestern State University Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts Mississippi Southeastern Louisiana University Merrimack College Itawamba Community College University of Southwestern Louisiana Middlesex Community College Jackson State University University of New Orleans Montserrat College of Art Jones County Junior College Mount Holyoke College Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College Maine MountWachusettes College of Liberal Arts Mississippi State University Bates College North Adams State College Tougaloo College Colby College Northeastern University University of Mississippi Northern Maine Technical College Springfield Technical Community College University of Southern Mississippi Southern Maine Technical College Tufts University University of Maine University of Massachusetts Boston Missouri University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Central Missouri State University Maryland Wellesley College Conception Seminary College Anne Arundel Community College Westfield State College Culver-Stockton College Baltimore City Community College Williams College Logan College of Chiropractic Carroll Community College Maryville University of Saint Louis Charles County Community College Michigan Nazarene Theological Seminary Coppin State College Adrian College Northeast Missouri State University Dundalk Community College Alma College Park College Frostburg State University Baker College of Muskegon Rockhurst College Hood College Central Michigan University St.Louis College of Pharmacy Montgomery College Germantown Campus Eastern Michigan University St.Louis Community College at Meramec Montgomery College Rockville Campus Ferris State University Saint Louis University Prince George’s Community College Lansing Community College Southeast Missouri State University Towson State University LawrenceTechnological University Southwest Missouri State University United States Naval Academy Michigan State University Stephens College

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 419 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

University of Missouri – Columbia Middlesex County College Manhattan College University of Missouri – Kansas City Monmouth University Marist College University of Missouri – Rolla Ramapo College of New Jersey Mount Saint Mary College University of Missouri – Saint Louis Raritan Valley Community College Nazareth College of Rochester Washington University Richard Stockton College of New Jersey,The NewYork Institute of Technology Webster University Rider University NewYork Institute of Technology – Rowan University Central Islip Campus Montana Rutgers,The State University of New Jersey New York University Montana State University – Bozeman Saint Peter’s College Oswego State University Rocky Mountain College Salem Community College Saint Bonaventure University University of Montana,The Seton Hall University Samaritan Hospital School of Nursing Sussex County Community College Saint John’s University – Queens Campus Nebraska University of Medicine and Dentistry Southampton College of Long Island Creighton University of New Jersey St.John Fisher College Doane College State University of New York at Albany Hastings College New Mexico State University of New York at NebraskaWesleyan University College of the Southwest Binghamton Southeast Community College New Mexico State University State University of New York at Brockport University of Nebraska at Kearney University of New Mexico State University of New York at University of Nebraska – Lincoln Farmingdale University of Nebraska Medical Center New York State University of New York at New Paltz Wayne State College Alfred State University State University of New York College at Western Nebraska Community College Alfred University Cortland Broome Community College State University of New York College at Nevada Buffalo State College Fredonia Great Basin College Canisius College State University of New York College at University of Nevada – Las Vegas City University of New York City College Geneseo City University of New York College of State University of New York College at New Hampshire Staten Island Oneonta Daniel Webster College City University of New York Queens College State University of New York College at Dartmouth College Colgate University Plattsburgh Keene State College College of Saint Rose,The State University of New York College of New England College Cornell University Agriculture and Technology at New Hampshire College Culinary Institute of America Morrisville Plymouth State College D’Youville College State University of New York College of Dowling College Technology at Delhi New Jersey Elmira College Syracuse University Berkeley College Fordham University United States Military Academy Bloomfield College Hamilton College University of Buffalo Burlington County College Hartwick College Wagner College Caldwell College Hilbert College Centenary College Hobart and William Smith Colleges North Carolina County College of Morris Hofstra University Chowan College Jersey City State College Ithaca College Craven Community College

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 420 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

Davidson College Marietta College Cabrini College Duke University Mercy College of Northwest Ohio California University of Pennsylvania Duke University Medical Center Methodist Theological School in Ohio Central Pennsylvania Business School East Carolina University Miami University CHI Institute/RETS Campus Elon College Miami University Middletown Campus Community College of Allegheny County Isothermal Community College MountVernon Nazarene College Allegheny Campus Louisburg College Oberlin College Community College of Allegheny County Montgomery Community College Ohio Dominican College Boyce Campus Mount Olive College Ohio State University,The Community College of Allegheny County North Carolina State University Ohio University South Campus North Carolina Wesleyan College Ohio Wesleyan University Dickinson College Rockingham Community College Shawnee State University Duquesne University Sampson Community College Sinclair Community College Elizabethtown College Shaw University Union Institute Franklin & Marshall College Stanly Community College University of Akron,The Gannon University University of North Carolina – Charlotte University of Cincinnati Gettysburg College University of North Carolina at Greensboro University of Toledo Indiana University of Pennsylvania University of North Carolina at Pembroke Ursuline College King’s College University of North Carolina atWilmington Walsh University Kutztown University Wake Forest University Wilberforce University La Salle University Wilkes Community College Wright State University Lafayette College Lehigh Carbon Community College North Dakota Oklahoma Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania North Dakota State University Main Langston University Lycoming College Campus Northeastern State University Mansfield University of Pennsylvania University of Mary Oklahoma City Community College Marywood College University of North Dakota Oral Roberts University Medical College of Pennsylvania and Southeastern Oklahoma State University Hahnemann University Ohio University of Central Oklahoma Millersville University of Pennsylvania Ashland University University of Tulsa Muhlenberg College Baldwin – Wallace College Northampton County Area Community Bluffton College Oregon College Bowling Green State University Eastern Oregon State College Pennsylvania State University Altoona Capital University Oregon State University Campus Case Western Reserve University Portland State University Pennslyvania State University Berks College of Wooster University of Oregon Campus Columbus College of Art and Design University of Portland Pennslyvania State University Lehigh Valley Cuyahoga Community College Campus Denison University Pennsylvania Pennsylvania State University Main Hocking Technical College Allegheny College Campus John Carroll University Beaver College Pennsylvania State University Mont Alto Kent State University Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania Campus Kenyon College Bradford School Pen n s y l v ania Sta te Uni ve r s i t y Wort h i n g t on – Malone College Bucknell University Scranton Campus

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 421 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Horry – Georgetown Technical College Southern Methodist University Science Midlands Technical College Southwest Texas State University Philadelphia College of Textiles and Science Technical College of the Lowcountry Texas A&M University System at Baylor Rosemont College University of South Carolina – Columbia College of Dentistry Saint Joseph’s University Voorhees College Texas Christian University Saint Vincent College & Seminary Winthrop University Texas Tech University Seton Hill College Wofford College Trinity University Temple University University of Houston University of Pennsylvania South Dakota University of North Texas University of Pittsburgh – Pittsburgh Black Hills State University University of SaintThomas Campus Dakota State University University of Texas at Arlington University of Pittsburgh Greensburg Mitchell Technical Institute University of Texas at Austin Campus Northern State University University of Texas – Pan American University of Scranton South Dakota School of Mines and West Texas A&M University Villanova University Technology West Chester University of Pennsylvania South Dakota State University Utah Westminster College University of South Dakota College of Eastern Utah Widener University Salt Lake Community College Wilkes University Tennessee University of Utah Austin Peay State University Utah State University Puerto Rico East Tennessee State University Utah Valley State College Inter American University of Puerto Rico Memphis College of Art San German Campus Rhodes College Vermont Sistema Universitario Ana G. Mendez Roane State Community College Castleton State College Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Tennessee State University Green Mountain College University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez Trevecca Nazarene University Johnson State College Campus University of Memphis,The Saint Michael’s College University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Sterling College Campus University of Tennessee,Knoxville University of Vermont Volunteer State Community College Rhode Island Walters State Community College Virginia Brown University Central Virginia Community College Bryant College Texas Christopher Newport University Johnson and Whales University Austin College College of William and Mary Rhode Island College Baylor University Eastern Mennonite University Roger Williams University Brookhaven College Ferrum College University of Rhode Island El Centro College George Mason University Hill College Hampden-Sydney College South Carolina Mountain View College James Madison University Clemson University Northeast Texas Community College John Tyler Community College Coastal Carolina University Panola College Longwood College College of Charleston Prairie View A&M University Lynchburg College Francis Marion University Rice University Marymount University Greenville Technical College St.Mary’s University Mountain Empire Community College

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 422 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Participating Campuses (continued)

Norfolk State University Marquette University Radford University Milwaukee Area Technical College Roanoke College Milwaukee Institute of Art & Design Saint Paul’s College Mount Mary College Shenandoah University Southwest Wisconsin Technical College Tidewater Community College University of Wisconsin – Green Bay University of Virginia University of Wisconsin – Madison Virginia Commonwealth University University of Wisconsin La Crosse Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University of Wisconsin – Parkside University University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point Virginia Union University University of Wisconsin – Whitewater Virginia Wesleyan College Waukesha County Technical College Washington and Lee University Wisconsin Indianhead Technical College

Washington Wyoming Central Washington University Casper College Evergreen State College,The Central Wyoming College Grays Harbor College Western Wyoming Community College Heritage College Skagit Valley Community College Applications were also received from: University of Puget Sound University of Washington BACCHUS/GAMMA Walla Walla Community College Washington State University Chungbuk National University (South Western Washington University Korea) Whatcom Community College Yakima Valley Community College NewYork Office of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services West Virginia Bluefield State College St.Francis Xavier University College of West Virginia (Nova Scotia, Canada) Davis & Elkins College Fairmont State College Marshall University West Virginia University West Virginia University at Parkersburg West Virginia Wesleyan College Wheeling Jesuit College

Wisconsin Alverno College College of the Menominee Nation Concordia University Wisconsin Lakeland College

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : 423 CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S Sourcebook Promising Practices: Campus Alcohol Strategies THE CENTURY COUNCIL

The Century Council,founded in May 1991,is a national, resources as a catalyst for action,the Council involves all three tiers not-for-profit organization.It is dedicated to promoting responsible of the beverage alcohol industry – producers,wholesalers and decision-making about the drinking or non-drinking of beverage retailers – with law enforcement,public officials,educators,insurers, alcohol as well as combatting all forms of irresponsible drinking. health care professionals and private citizen organizations in pro- Funded by America’s leading distillers,the Council focuses on drunk grams to combat alcohol abuse. dr iving and underage drin k ing – two of the public’s top safet y con ce rn s . For additional information please call or write: Headquartered in Washington,D.C.,The Century Council has an The Century Council independent Advisory Board composed of leaders in the fields of 1310 G Street,NW,Suite 600 business,government,academia,medicine and other relevant Washington,D.C.20005 disciplines to provide guidance on all programs and policies. Phone:(202) 637-0077 The Century Council is based on the philosophy that collective action Fax:(202) 637-0079 can have a greater impact than many individual efforts.Using its Web site: www.centurycouncil.org

P ROMISING PRAC T I C E S : CAMPUS ALCOHOL STRAT E G I E S