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The Liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (XII-XVI Century) : with Special Reference to the Practice of the Orders of the Temple and St John of Jerusalem

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This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (XII-XVI century) : with special reference to the practice of the orders of the Temple and St John of Jerusalem. Dondi, Cristina Francesca The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). 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Oct. 2021 THE LITURGY OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE OF JERUSALEM (XII-XVI CENTURY): WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PRACTICE OF THE ORDERS OF THE TEMPLE AND ST JOHN OF JERUSALEM Cristina Francesca Dondi King's College London submitted for the degree of Ph.D. May 2000 \j 2 ABSTRACT The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (X1I-XVI century): with special reference to the practice of the orders of the Temple and St John of Jerusalem The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre is the practice adopted by the Latin Western Catholics once they settled in Jerusalem as a result of the first crusade, in 1099. It originated within the cathedral church of the Holy Sepulchre, the patriarchal see, and it was consequently adopted by most of the religious institutions within the patriarchate. While being completely western, it cannot be traced back to the liturgical use practised in any single western diocese. However its individual components clearly do derive from diverse western sources, showing that the liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre has a composite nature. With no extant records specifically related to the liturgy of the Hoiy Sepulchre to clarify for us what was its actual form, why was it put together in such a way, when, and by whom, only through the manuscripts has it been possible to reconstruct events for centuries left unsolved. The purpose of this research is first to define and analyse the characteristics of the liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre. Secondly, and most importantly, it is to identify the liturgy's western sources through a method, which we may call comparative liturgy, which allows its comparison against the widest range of western liturgical uses; and thirdly, to understand the process through which the western sources were incorporated as constituent parts of the liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre, providing new evidence for our understanding of the ecclesiastical organisation of Latin Jerusalem, as well as of some of the people most responsible for the liturgy's development. The work includes a descriptive catalogue of the 18 liturgical manuscripts of the Holy Sepulchre, produced in Jerusalem, Acre, and Cyprus; a description of the 2 Templar manuscripts from European houses; finally an inventory of the 66 manuscripts and 9 early editions used by Hospitaller houses in Europe. 3 LIST OF CONTENTS VOLUME I - Acknowledgments 4 - Bibliography of often cited works 5-13 - List of abbreviations 14 - List of manuscripts and early printed books cited in abbreviated form 15-20 - Introduction 21-39 - Chapter!: The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre 40-58 - Manuscripts from Jerusalem 58-64 - Manuscripts from Acre 64-87 - Manuscripts from Cyprus 88-99 - Chapter 2: Manuscripts from European Templar houses 100-117 - Chapter 3: Manuscripts and Early Printed Books from European Hospitaller houses 118-129 - Chapter 4: Liturgical analysis 130-170 - Bibliography I 171-224 - Liturgical Manuscripts 171-176 - Liturgical Early Printed Books 177-178 - Non Liturgical Manuscript Sources 178-179 - Printed Sources 180-185 - Secondary Sources 185-224 VOLUME II - Appendix 1: Catalogue of manuscripts from the Hoiy Sepulchre 225-347 - Appendix 2: Catalogue of European Templar Manuscripts 348-358 - Appendix 3: Inventory of European Hospitaller Manuscripts and Early Printed Books 359-400 - Appendix 4: Calendars of the Hoiy Sepulchre 40 1-449 - Appendix 5: List of Plates 450 Plates 451-464 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the financial help of the British Academy, the Central Research Fund of the University of London, and the Humanities Research Committee of King's College, London. 5 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF OFTEN CITED WORKS AH Analecta hymnica mcdii aevi, ed. G. M. Dreves, C. Blume, and H. M. Bannister, 55 vols (Leipzig, 1886-1922, repr. New York and London, 1961); Register, ed. M. Lutolf, 3 vols (Bern and Munich, 1978). Albert of Aix Albert of Aix, Historia Hierosolymitana, in RHC 0cc IV 265- 713. Amiet, Missels ci bréviaires R. Amiet, Missels ci bréviaires imprimés, (supplement aux catalogues de Weale et Bohatta), Propres des saints (edition princeps) (Paris, 1990). A 08MM Annales de 1 'Ordre Souverain Militaires de Malta (Rome, 1960-). Barber, The New Knighthood M. Barber, The New Knighthood. A History of the Order of the Temple (Cambridge, 1994). Boase, Ecclesiastical Art T. S. R. Boase, 'Ecclesiastical Art in the Crusader States in Palestina and Syria', in A History of the Crusades, ed. K. M. Setton, 6 vols (Madison, Milwaukee, and London, 1969-89), IV 69-139. Bohatta, Breviere H. Bohatta, Bibliographic der Breviere (1501-1850) (Leipzig, 1937). Bonniwell W. R. Bonniwell, A History of the Dominican Liturgy 1215- 1945 (New York, 1945). 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    COMUNE DI TRAVO (Provincia di Piacenza) PIANO STRUTTURALE COMUNALE QUADRO CONOSCITIVO Aprile 2011 SISTEMA TERRITORIALE All. SCHEDE RELATIVE AI SITI DI RINVENIMENTI ARCHEOLOGICI C 2.1 Committente: AMMINISTRAZIONE COMUNALE DI TRAVO (PC) TRATTO DA DOCUMENTAZIONE REDATTA DALL'ASSOCIAZIONE CULTURALE LA MINERVA - TRAVO SITO 0330430001, Travo, Case Gazza STORICO SCHEDA 19/1,2 LOCALIZZAZIONE Regione: Emilia Romagna Provincia: Piacenza Comprensorio: Val Trebbia Località: Case Gazza Descrizione localizzazione: Su un pianoro fluviale terrazzato di fondovalle. GEOREFERENZIAZIONE Affidabilità: 3 Osservazioni: come da appunti in Archivio, prot. n. 1708 pos PCP 42 PUNTI GEOREFERENZIATI • Punto nr. 1, Centroide; • Coordinate X/Y: 5454540/9712640 (UTM). DATI INDAGINE • INDAGINE 1, Ricognizione di superficie non sistematica (1984-1985). Direzione: Gruppo Archeologico La Minerva. DEFINIZIONE/CRONOLOGIA 1. Non determinabile, I secolo a.C. - V secolo d.C. (3, 3) Motivo datazione: Reperti. 2. Non determinabile, V - VII secolo d.C. (3, 2) Motivo datazione: Reperti. DESCRIZIONE SITO Su un pianoro fluviale terrazzato di fondovalle, ricognizioni di superficie effettuata dal Gruppo La Minerva negli anni ‘80-’90; hanno portato al recupero di materiali di età tardorepubblicana, imperiale e tardoantica/altomedievale, testimoniate da: laterizi, frammenti di tubuli per riscaldamento, tessere musive bianche, grigie e in pasta vitrea, oltre ad un frammento di macina domestica, vernice nera, terra sigillata nord italica, ceramica a pareti sottili, ceramica comune, frammenti di dolio, una fibula frammentaria, una zampa di uccello in bronzo, un campanellino bronzeo e frammenti di vasellame in pietra ollare, questi ultimi databili tra il V e il VII secolo. Osservazioni autore: Materiali presso il Museo di Parma e il Museo di Travo.
  • Philip David Handyside Class of 2006 “Rise

    Philip David Handyside Class of 2006 “Rise

    Philip David Handyside Class of 2006 “Rise and Fall of the Knights Templar: From Power to Persecution” History (major) May 2006-10-24 With gratitude to E. Kurlander, K. Reiter, P. Steeves, and M. McNicholas Pledged: P. D. Handyside Approved: E. Kurlander, Faculty Advisor M. Venzke, Chair, History Senior Research Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for HY 499 Stetson University 6th December, 2005 Abstract Created around 1230 CE, the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon were created in order to protect pilgrims on their journey through the new Christian kingdom in Palestine. Starting out as a small group, these warrior monks soon grew in power and prestige under the benefaction of St. Bernard and were charged with the protection of the Catholic Church by Pope Innocent II. Along with this favour bestowed upon them, the Templars quickly accumulated a great amount of wealth and territory across Europe. However, their power base was always in the Holy Land. The capture by Muslims of the city of Acre, the final Christian stronghold in Palestine, deprived them of this power base. Following this they were free to the predations of ambitious secular rulers, such as Philip IV of France. Philip, anxious to establish his authority and to acquire more revenue producing lands, was able to bring charges against the Templars accusing them of heresy which led to the eventual arrest and disbandment of the Knights Templar. The loss of their power base left the Templars vulnerable to condemnation by the society at large and, as such, they were unable to protect themselves, or be protected by others, when they came under threat.