Michigan’s Civil War Citizen-General: Alpheus S. Williams Jack Dempsey The History Press April 2019

Bibliography

Articles, Brochures & Guidebooks

Applegate, Tom S., “A History of the Press of Michigan,” Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 6 (Lansing: Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford Co., 1907 Reprint of 1884 edition) Blinder, Alan, “150 Years Later, Wrestling with a Revised View of Sherman’s March,” New York Times online, Nov. 14, 2014 Bohling, Mary, Beautiful Belle Isle: Detroit’s Unique Urban Park (Ann Arbor: Michigan Sea Grant, 2018) Bonner, James C., “Sherman at Milledgeville in 1864,” Journal of Southern History, Vol. 22, No. 3 (Aug. 1956) Castel, Albert, “‘Old Pap’: Michigan’s Top Civil War General,” Michigan History, Vol. 82, No. 4 (July/Aug. 1998) Catton, Bruce, “Crisis at the Antietam,” American Heritage, Vol. 9, No. 5 (Aug. 1958) Charnley, Jeffrey G., "Michigan's General A.S. Williams and Civil War Historians: A Century of Neglect," Michigan Historical Review, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Spring 1986) Colgrove, Silas, “The Finding of Lee’s Lost Order,” Battles & Leaders of the Civil War, Robert U. Johnson & Clarence C. Buel eds., Vol. II (New York: Century Co., 1887) Cox, Jacob D., “The Battle of Antietam,” Battles & Leaders of the Civil War, Robert U. Johnson & Clarence C. Buel eds., Vol. II (New York: Century Co., 1887) Detroit Historical Society, Bulletin, Vol. XXIV, No. 1 (Fall 1967) Dew, Charles B., “How Samuel E. Pittman Validated Lee’s ‘Lost Orders’ Prior to Antietam: A Historical Note,” Journal of Southern History 70, No. 4 (Nov. 2004) Eaton, Clement, ed., “Diary of an Officer in Sherman’s Army Marching Through the Carolinas,” Journal of Southern History, Vol. 9, No. 2 (May 1943) Emerson, Ralph Waldo, “The President’s Proclamation,” The Atlantic (Nov. 1862) Forster, Greg, “Old Pap” Takes Care of Business, Civil War: The Magazine of the Civil War Society, Vol. X, No. 4, Issue XXXVI, July-Aug. 1992 Gallagher, Gary W., “Seeing the War Through Soldier’s Letters: Military Memoirs Come Packed with Surprises,” Civil War Times, 50.6, Dec. 2011 Gibbon, John, “The Council of War on the Second Day,” Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Robert U. Johnson & Clarence C. Buel eds., Vol. III (New York: The Century Co., 1884- 1888) Hennessey, John J., “Conservatism’s Dying Ember: Fitz John Porter and the Union War, 1862,” in Corps Commanders in Blue: Union Major Generals in the Civil War, Ethan S. Rafuse ed. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State, 2014) Hess, Earl J., “Alvin P. Hovey and Abraham Lincoln's ‘Broken Promises’: The Politics of Promotion,” Indiana Magazine of History, Vol. 80, No. 1 (Mar. 1984)

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Hyde, Charles K., “’Detroit the Dynamic’: The Industrial History of Detroit from Cigars to Cars,” Michigan Historical Review, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Mt. Pleasant: Central Michigan University, 2000) Jones, Jesse H., & Greene, George S., “The Breastworks at Culp’s Hill,” in Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Robert U. Johnson & Clarence C. Buel eds., Vol. III (New York: Century Co., 1884-1888) Lusch, Timothy D., “Robert E. Lee and the Lake Erie Survey Expedition of 1835”, Michigan History, Vol. 101, No. 4, July/Aug. 2017 Mackowski, Chris, & White, Kristopher D., “Second-Guessing Dick Ewell: Why Didn’t the Confederate General Take Cemetery Hill on July 1, 1863?”, Civil War Times, 49.4 (Aug. 2010) Mitchell, Robert E., “The Organizational Performance of Michigan’s Adjutant General and the Federal Provost Marshal General in Recruiting Michigan’s Boys in Blue,” Michigan Historical Review, vol. 28, no. 2 (Fall 2002) Moore, Charles, The Hall of American Artists, New York University, Homage to Henry Merwin Shrady, Sculptor 1871-1922 (1942) Motts, Wayne E., “Pop” – To Gain a Second Star: The Forgotten George S. Greene,” Gettysburg Magazine, July 1990, No. 3 National Park Service, “The Powder Springs Road Community and the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain” brochure (n.d.) Newton, John, “Reminiscences of Gettysburg,” New York Times (Mar. 13, 1887) Pittman, Samuel E., Story of the “Famous Lost Dispatch,” Ladies Evening, Michigan Commandery, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the (Mar. 5, 1903) “Prominent Newspapermen in Michigan,” Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 36 (Lansing: Michigan Historical Commission, 1915) Prugh, Jeff , “The Town Sherman Refused to Burn,” Washington Post (Oct. 14, 1979) Riggs, David F., “Robert Young Conrad and the Ordeal of Secession,” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 86, No. 3 (Jul. 1978) Scheidler, Paul H., “Ever Truly Yours, E. Wright,” Michigan History, vol. 97, no. 6 (2013) Sears, Stephen W., “High Stakes at Antietam,” American Heritage, Summer 2012 Strother, David H., “Personal Recollections of the War,” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, Vol. XXXIII, No. 196 (Sept. 1866) Trimble, Isaac R., “The Battle and Campaign of Gettysburg,” Southern Historical Society Papers, Vol. XXVI (Richmond: 1898) Walker, Francis A., “Meade at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Robert U. Johnson & Clarence C. Buel eds., Vol. III (New York: Century Co., 1884-1888) “The Wayne County Probate Court: A Sketch from the Detroit Tribune, with Additions by Homer A. Flint, Clerk in the Probate Office,” Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. I, 2nd Edition (Lansing: Robert Smith Printing Co., 1907 Reprint of 1877 edition) Wilkins, William D., “Traditions and Reminiscences of the Public Schools of Detroit (Read Before the Teachers’ Institute of Detroit, February 13th, 1871),” Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. I, 2nd Edition (Lansing: Robert Smith Printing Co., 1907 Reprint of 1877 edition)

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Journals, Periodicals & Speeches

Address of General W, T, Sherman, to the Graduating Class of the Michigan Military Academy, at Orchard Lake, June 19, 1879 [n.p., n.d.] Adjutant General’s Office, Official Army Register, for September, 1861 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1861) American Federation of Arts, Art and Progress, Vol. III, Nov. 1911-Oct. 1912 Centennial of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, 1802-1902, Vol. II (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1904) Charles F. Clark’s Annual of the City of Detroit, 1866-7 (Detroit: Charles F. Clark, 1866) Chicago Daily Tribune Congressional Record Detroit Daily Advertiser Detroit Free Press 4th U.S. Census Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Michigan, 1879, Vol. I (Lansing: W.S. George, 1879) Journal of the Missouri State Senate at the Regular Session of the Twenty-Sixth General Assembly (Jefferson City: Horace Wilcox, 1871) Journal Proceedings of the Board of Education of the City of Detroit For the Year 1910-11 (Detroit: Griswold Publishing, 1912) Journal of the Proceedings of the Common Council of the City of Detroit, from May 31, 1859, to January 10, 1860, Inclusive (Detroit: W.F. Storey, 1860) King, Jr., Dr. Martin Luther, Emancipation Proclamation Centennial Address, New York Civil War Centennial Commission Emancipation Proclamation Observance, , Sept. 12, 1962 Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 1, 2nd Edition (Lansing: Robert Smith Printing Co., 1907 Reprint of 1877 edition) Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 12, 2nd Edition (Lansing: Robert Smith Printing Co., 1908 Reprint of 1897 edition) Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 36 (Lansing: Wyncoop Hallenbeck Crawford, 1908) Michigan Historical Collections, Vol. 39 (Lansing: Wynkoop Hallenback Crawford, 1915) National Society, Daughters of the American Revolution, American Monthly Magazine, Vol. XXVI, Jan.-June (Washington, 1905) New York Times Ben Perley Poole, Congressional Directory, Compiled for the Use of Congress, 44th Congress, 1st Session, 1st Edition (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1875) Ben Perley Poole, Congressional Directory, 44th Congress, 2nd Session, 2nd Edition (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1877) Ben Perley Poole, Congressional Directory, 45th Congress, 1st Session, 1st Edition (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1877) Ben: Perley Poole, Congressional Directory for 45th Congress, 2nd Session, Second Edition, Corrected to June 10, 1878 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1878) Reports of Committees of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Forty-Fourth Congress, 1875-76 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1876)

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Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, Thirty-Seventh Congress, Third Session, Part I (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1863) Report of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War, at the Second Session Thirty-Eighth Congress (Army of the Potomac: Battle of Petersburg) (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1865) Report of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction at the First Session Thirty-Ninth Congress (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1866) Report of the Proceedings of the Society of the Army of the Tennessee (Cincinnati: F.W. Freeman, 1885) Speeches of Gen. George B. McClellan During the Presidential Campaign of 1876 (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1877) United States Service Magazine, Vol. III (New York: Charles P. Richardson, 1865) United States Service Magazine, Vol. IV (New York: Charles B. Richardson, 1865) United States Service Magazine, Vol. V (New York: Charles B. Richardson, 1866) U.S. Civil War Centennial Commission, The United States on the Eve of the Civil War As Described in the 1860 Census (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1963) U.S. Senate Executive Journal Yale University, University Catalogue, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830-31, 1833-34

Markers

Georgia Historical Commission Markers March to the Sea Heritage Trail Markers Michigan Historical Markers Virginia Historical Highway Marker

Manuscripts & Collections

Alpheus Starkey Williams Papers, 1810-1922, Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library Charles Moore Papers, 1905-1917, Detroit Institute of Arts Charnley, Jeffrey G., "Neglected Honor,” The Life of General A.S. Williams of Michigan, 1810- 1878 (East Lansing: Michigan State University, 1983 Ph.D. diss.) Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif. Probate Court Records, v. 7, Apr. 4, 1820, Chester, Connecticut Record Book, Elmwood Historic Cemetery Samuel E. Pittman Papers, Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library Samuel E. Pittman Papers, Williams College U.S. Army Generals' Reports of Civil War Service, 1864-1887, National Archives

Books (Cited & Reviewed)

Addey, Markenfield, “Old Jack” and His Foot-Cavalry (New York: John Bradburn, 1864) Armstrong, Marion V. Jr., Unfurl Those Colors: McClellan, Sumner, and the Second Army Corps (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2008)

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Autobiography of Oliver Otis Howard, vol. 2 (New York: Baker & Taylor, 1907) Bachelder, John B., Gettysburg: What to see, and How to see it (Boston: J. B. Bachelder, 1873) Bailey, Ann J., The Chessboard of War: Sherman and Hood in the Autumn Campaigns of 1864 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000) Bak, Richard, A Distant Thunder: Michigan in the Civil War (Ann Arbor: Huron River Press, 2004) Baldwin, Ebenezer, Annals of Yale College (New Haven: Hezekiah Howe, 1831) Barnett, Le Roy, & Rosentreter, Roger, Michigan’s Early Military Forces (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2003) Barrett, John G., Sherman's March Through the Carolinas (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1956) Barrett, John G., The Civil War in North Carolina (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1963) Barrett, Lawrence, Edwin Forrest (Boston: James R. Osgood & Co., 1881) Bates, Samuel P., History of the Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1861-65, Vol. I (Harrisburg: B. Singerly, 1869) Bauer, K. Jack, The Mexican War, 1846-1848 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992) Bearss, Ed, & Gibson, Arrell M., Fort Smith: Little Gibraltar on the Arkansas (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1969) Beatie, Russel H., The Army of the Potomac: Birth of Command, Vol. I (Cambridge: Da Capo Press, 2002) Benton, Charles E., As Seen from the Ranks: A Boy in the Civil War (New York: G.P. Putnam’s, 1902) Bergeron, Paul H. ed., Papers of Andrew Johnson, Vol. II (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1994) Bertera, Martin N., & Crawford, Kim, The 4th Michigan Infantry in the Civil War (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2010) Bigelow, John, Jr., The Campaign of Chancellorsville: A Strategic and Tactical Study (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1910) Billings, John D., Hard Tack and Coffee: Or the Unwritten Story of Army Life (Williamstown: Corner House Publishers, 1980 reprint) Blair, William A., & Wiley, Bell I., A Politician Goes to War: The Civil War Letters of John White Geary (University Park: Penn State University Press, 1995) Blight, David W., Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2018) Blois, John T., Gazetteer of the State of Michigan, in Three Parts, Containing a General View of the State (Detroit: Sydney L. Rood & Co., 1839) Bonds, Russell S., War Like the Thunderbolt: The Battle and Burning of Atlanta (Yardley: Westholme Publishing, 2009) Boyce, Charles W., A Brief History of the Twenty-Eighth Regiment New York State Volunteers (Buffalo: n.p., 1896) Boynton, Henry V., Sherman’s Historical Raid: The Memoirs in the Light of the Record, A Review Based upon Compilations from the Files of the War Office (Cincinnati: Wilstach, Baldwin, 1875)

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Bradley, Mark L., Last Stand in the Carolinas: The Battle of Bentonville (Campbell: Savas Woodbury, 1996) Bradley, Mark L., This Astounding Close: The Road to Bennett Place (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000) Bradley, Michael R., With Blood & Fire: Life Behind Union Lines in Middle Tennessee, 1863-65 (Shippensburg: Burd Street Press, 2003) Bragg, Amy Elliott, Hidden History of Detroit (Charleston: The History Press, 2012) Brenneman, Chris, & Boardman, Sue, The Gettysburg Cyclorama: The Turning Point of the Civil War on Canvas (: Savas Beatie, 2015) Broadwater, Robert P., General George H. Thomas: A Biography of the Union’s “Rock of Chickamauga” (Jefferson: McFarland & Co., 2009) Brown, Edmund R., The Twenty-Seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry in the War of the Rebellion, 1861 to 1865, First Division 12th and 20th Corps (Monticello: n.p., 1899) Brown, Thomas J., The Public Art of Civil War Commemoration: A Brief History with Documents (Boston: St. Martin’s Press, 2004) Burlingame, Michael, & Ettlinger, John R.T., Inside Lincoln’s White House: The Complete Civil War Diary of John Hay (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1997) Burton, Clarence M., When Detroit Was Young: Historical Studies, Milo M. Quaife ed. (Detroit: Burton Abstract & Title, 1951) Burton, Clarence M., Stocking, William, & Miller, Gordon K., City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701- 1922, Vol. II (Detroit: S.J. Clarke Pub. Co., 1922) Butterfield, Julia L., A Biographical Memorial of General Daniel Butterfield (New York: The Grafton Press, 1904) Camp, David N. ed., American Year-Book and National Register for 1869 (Hartford: O.D. Case, 1869) Campi, James Jr., Civil War Battlefields Then and Now (San Diego: Thunder Bay Press, 2012) Carlisle, Fred., Chronography of Notable Events in the History of the Northwest Territory and Wayne County (Detroit: O.S. Gulley, Bornman & Co., 1890) Castel, Albert, “Alpheus S. ‘Ol’ Pap’ Williams: The Fighting and Writing General from Michigan,” Articles of War: Winners, Losers, and Some Who Were Both during the Civil War (Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 2001) Castel, Albert, Decision in the West: The Atlanta Campaign of 1864 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992) Catton, Bruce, Mr. Lincoln’s Army (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1962) Catton, Bruce, Never Call Retreat (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1965) Catton, Bruce, This Hallowed Ground: The Story of the Union Side of the Civil War (Garden City: Doubleday & Co., 1956) Chernow, Ron, Grant (New York: Penguin Press, 2017) Coffin, Charles C., The Boys of ’61 (Boston: Estes & Lauriat, 1881) Collins, Darrell L., The Army of Northern Virginia: Organization, Strength, Casualties, 1861- 1865 (Jefferson: McFarland & Co., 2016) Collins, Darrell L., The Army of the Potomac: Order of Battle, 1861-1865, with Commanders, Strengths, Losses and More (Jefferson: McFarland & Co., 2013) Comey, Lyman R., A Legacy of Valor: The Memoirs and Letters of Captain Henry Newton Comey, 2nd Massachusetts Infantry (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2004)

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Commemorative Biographical Encyclopedia of Dauphin County, Pennsylvania (Chambersburg: J.M. Runk, 1896) Connecticut State Historic Preservation Office, Historical and Architectural Resources Inventory for the Town of Deep River, Connecticut (Norwalk: State of Connecticut, 2011-2012) Connelly, Thomas L., Autumn of Glory: The Army of Tennessee, 1862-1865 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001) Cozzens, Peter, Shenandoah 1862: Stonewall Jackson’s Valley Campaign (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008) Cram, George F., Soldiering with Sherman: Civil War letters of George F. Cram, Jennifer C. Bohrnstedt ed. (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 2000) Crotty, Daniel G., Four Years Campaigning in the Army of the Potomac (Grand Rapids: Dygert Bros. & Co., 1874) Custer Monument Commission, Ceremonies Attending the Unveiling of the Equestrian Statue to Major General George Armstrong Custer (Detroit: Richmond & Backus, 1911) Daniel, Larry J., Days of Glory: The Army of the Cumberland, 1861-1865 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004) Davis, Keith F. ed., George N. Barnard, Photographer of Sherman's Campaign (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1990) Dempsey, Jack, Michigan and the Civil War: A Great and Bloody Sacrifice (Charleston: The History Press, 2011) Dempsey, Jack & Egen, Brian James, Michigan at Antietam: The Wolverine State’s Sacrifice on America’s Bloodiest Day (Charleston: The History Press, 2015) Dennett, Tyler ed., Lincoln and the Civil War in the Diaries and Letters of John Hay (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1939) Detroit City Directory for 1877 (Detroit: J.W. Weeks & Co., 1877) Detroit City Directory for 1878 (Detroit: J.W. Weeks & Co., 1878) Detroit Illustrated: The Commercial Metropolis of Michigan (Akron: Harry Hook, 1891) Dexter, Franklin B., Biographical Notices of the Graduates of Yale College (New Haven, n.p., 1913) Dickey, J.D., Rising in Flames: Sherman’s March and the Fight for a New Nation (New York: Pegasus Books, 2018) Dilla, Harriette M., The Politics of Michigan, 1865-1878 (New York: Columbia University, 1912) Dowdey, Clifford ed., The Wartime Papers of Robert E. Lee (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1961) Dubin, Michael J., United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County (Jefferson: McFarland & Co., 2010) Dunbar, Willis F., Michigan: A History of the Wolverine State (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1970) Duncan, Richard R., Beleaguered Winchester: A Virginia Community at War, 1861-65 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2007) Duncan, Russell, ed., Blue-Eyed Child of Fortune: Civil War Letters of Robert Gould Shaw (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992) Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001)

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Eisenhower, John S.D., American General: The Life and Times of William Tecumseh Sherman (New York: New American Library, 2015) Ellis, Helen H., Michigan in the Civil War: Guide to the Material in Detroit Newspapers 1861- 1866 (Lansing: Michigan Civil War Centennial Observance Commission, 1965) Faber, Don, The Boy Governor: Stevens T. Mason and the Birth of Michigan Politics (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2012) Farmer, John, The American Quarterly Register, Vol. VII, No. 2 (Boston: American Education Society, Nov. 1834) Farmer, Silas, The History of Detroit and Michigan or The Metropolis Illustrated (Detroit: Silas Farmer, 1884) Federal Writers’ Project, Connecticut: A Guide to Its Roads, Lore, and People (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1938) Fehrenbacher, Don E., Prelude to Greatness: Lincoln in the 1850’s (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991) Field, David D., A Statistical Account of the County of Middlesex in Connecticut (Middleton: Clark & Lyman, 1819) Finney, David D. Jr., & McIntosh, Judith S., Remembering Michigan’s Civil War Soldiers (Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2015) Foner, Eric, Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution (New York: Harper Collins, 2002) Fox, William F. "Slocum and His Men: A History of the Twelfth and Twentieth Army Corps." New York State Monuments Commission. In Memoriam: Henry Warner Slocum 1826- 1894 (Albany: J.B. Lyon Co., 1904) Franck, Michael S., Elmwood Endures: History of a Detroit Cemetery (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1996) Franklin, John H., The Emancipation Proclamation (Garden City: Doubleday/Anchor, 1965) Frassanito, William A., Antietam: The Photographic Legacy of America's Bloodiest Day (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1978) Frassanito, William A., Gettysburg: Journey in Time (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1975) Freeman, Douglas S., Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970-1971) Freeman, Douglas S., R.E. Lee: A Biography, Vol. II (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1962) Freeman, Joanne B., The Field of Blood: Violence in Congress and the Road to Civil War (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2018) Freitag, Alfred J., Detroit in the Civil War (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1951) Furgurson, Ernest B., Chancellorsville 1863: The Souls of the Brave (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., Chancellorsville: The Battle and Its Aftermath (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996) Gallagher, Gary W., “Confederate Corps Leadership on the First Day at Gettysburg,” The First Day at Gettysburg (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1992) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., Fighting for the Confederacy: The Personal Recollections of General Edward Porter Alexander (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989)

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Gallagher, Gary W., Lee and His Generals in War and Memory (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., The First Day at Gettysburg: Essays on Confederate and Union Leadership (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1992) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., The Second Day at Gettysburg: Essays on Confederate and Union Leadership (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1993) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1862 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003) Gallagher, Gary W. ed., The Third Day at Gettysburg & Beyond (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994) Gavrilovich, Peter & McGraw, Bill, The Detroit Almanac: 300 Years of Life in the Motor City (Detroit: Free Press, 2001) Gibbon, John, Personal Recollections of the Civil War (Dayton: Morningside Bookshop, 1978 reprint) Glatthaar, Joseph T., The March to the Sea and Beyond (New York: New York University Press, 1985) Goodhue, William F., “In Memory of Dear Old ‘Pap Williams,’” in Charles W. Boyce, A Brief History of the Twenty-Eighth Regiment New York State Volunteers [supra] Gordon, George H., A War Diary of Events in the War of the Great Rebellion (Boston: James R. Osgood, 1882) Gordon, George H., From Brook Farm to Cedar Mountain in the War of the Great Rebellion 1861-62 (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1883) Goss, Thomas J., The War Within the Union High Command (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003) Gottfried, Bradley M., The Artillery of Gettysburg (Nashville: Cumberland House, 2008) Gottfried, Bradley M., The Maps of Antietam (New York: Savas Beatie, 2012) Gottfried, Bradley M., The Maps of Gettysburg (New York: Savas Beatie, 2010) Gould, John M., History of the First-Tenth-Twenty-ninth Maine Regiment (Portland: Stephen Berry, 1871) Grant, Ulysses S., Personal Memoirs (New York: C.L. Webster & Co., 1885-1886) Greene, A. Wilson, “’A Step All-Important and Essential to Victory:’ Henry W. Slocum and the Twelfth Corps on July 1-2, 1863,” The Second Day at Gettysburg, Gary W. Gallagher ed. (Kent: Kent State University Press, 1993) Greusel, Joseph, General Alpheus S. Williams (Detroit: Seidel Printing Co., 1911) Grimsley, Mark, & Simpson, Brooks D., Gettysburg: A Battlefield Guide (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999) Guelzo, Allen C., Gettysburg: The Last Invasion (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013) Hall, Jeffrey C., The Stand of the U.S. Army at Gettysburg (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003) Harris, Wilmer C., Public Life of Zachariah Chandler 1851-1875 (Lansing: Michigan Historical Commission, 1917) Hawks, Steve A., A Guide to the Corps, Division and Brigade Monuments of the Army of the Potomac at Gettysburg (Charleston: Createspace, 2011) Hawks, Steve A., Union Headquarters Monuments at Gettysburg (North Charleston: Createspace, 2011)

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Hebert, Walter H., Fighting Joe Hooker (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999) Hershock, Martin J., “’Agitation Is as Necessary as Tranquility is Dangerous:’ Kinsley S. Bingham Becomes a Republican,” Congress and the Crisis of the 1850s, Paul Finkelman & Donald R. Kennon eds. (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2012) Hershock, Martin J., Paradox of Progress: Economic Change, Individual Enterprise, and Political Culture in Michigan, 1837-1878 (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2003) Hess, Earl J., Kennesaw Mountain: Sherman, Johnston, and the Atlanta Campaign (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013) Hess, Earl J., The Battle of Ezra Church and the Struggle for Atlanta (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015) Hess, Earl J., The Battle of Peach Tree Creek: Hood's First Effort to Save Atlanta (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2017) History of Middlesex County Connecticut (New York: J.B. Beers & Co., 1884) Hoffman, Mark, “My Brave Mechanics”: The First Michigan Engineers and Their Civil War (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2007) Hollandsworth, James G. Jr., Pretense of Glory: The Life of General Nathaniel P. Banks (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998) Holberton, William B., Homeward Bound: The Demobilization of the Union & Confederate Armies, 1865-66 (Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 2001) Holt, Michael F., Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999) Hood, J.B., Advance and Retreat (Edison: Blue and Gray Press, 1985) Hoptak, John D., Confrontation at Gettysburg: A Nation Saved, A Cause Lost (Charleston: The History Press, 2012) Hsieh, Wayne W., West Pointers and the Civil War: The Old Army in War and Peace (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009) Hubbell & Weeks’ Annual City Directory for 1872-3 (Detroit: Tribune Book and Job Office, 1872) Hughes, Nathaniel C. Jr., Bentonville: The Final Battle of Sherman and Johnston (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996) Hughes, Nathaniel C. Jr., & Whitney, Gordon D., Jefferson Davis in Blue: The Life of Sherman’s Relentless Warrior (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002) Hyde, Bill ed., The Union Generals Speak: The Meade Hearings on the Battle of Gettysburg (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2003) Ingall, David & Risko, Karin, Michigan Civil War Landmarks (Charleston: The History Press, 2015) Jamieson, Perry D., Death in September: The Antietam Campaign (Abilene: McWhiney Foundation, 1999) Jenkins, Robert D. Sr., The Battle of Peach Tree Creek: Hood’s First Sortie, 20 July 1864 (Macon: Mercer University Press, 2013) Jenkins, Robert D. Sr., To the Gates of Atlanta: From Kennesaw Mountain to Peach Tree Creek, July 1-July 19, 1864 (Macon: Mercer University Press, 2015) Johnson, George K., “Battle of Kernstown,” War Papers Read Before the Commandery of the State of Michigan, Vol. I (Detroit: Winn & Hammond, 1890)

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Taylor, Paul, “Old Slow Town”: Detroit During the Civil War (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2013) Taylor, Paul, Orlando M. Poe: Civil War General and Great Lakes Engineer (Kent: Kent State University Press, 2009) Trudeau, Noah A., Gettysburg: A Testing of Courage (New York: Harper Collins, 2002) Trudeau, Noah A., Southern Storm: Sherman’s March to the Sea (New York: Harper Collins, 2008) Tucker, Phillip T., Miller Cornfield at Antietam: The Civil War’s Bloodiest Combat (Charleston: The History Press, 2017) Umberhine’s Detroit City Business Directory for 1860-61 (Detroit: Daily Advertiser, 1860) United States 45th Cong. 3d sess., 1878-1879, Memorial addresses on the life and character of Alpheus S. Williams, (a Representative from Michigan,) delivered in the House of Representatives and in the Senate, Forty-fifth Congress, 3d sess. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1880) Van Horne, Thomas B., History of the Army of the Cumberland, Vol. II (Cincinnati: Robert Clarke & Co., 1875) Van Horne, Thomas B., The Life of Major-General George H. Thomas (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1882) Walsh, George, Whip the Rebellion: Ulysses S. Grant's Rise to Command (New York: Forge Books, 2005) The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1880-1901) Warner, Ezra J., Generals in Blue (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2006) Weber, Thomas, The Northern Railroads in the Civil War, 1861-1865 (New York: King’s Crown Press, 1952) Welling, James H., Directory of the City of Detroit and Register of Michigan for the Year 1845 (Detroit: Harsha & Willcox, 1845) Welling, James H., Directory of the City of Detroit and Register of Michigan for the Year 1846 (Detroit: A.S. Williams, Printer, 1846) Wheeler, Frank T., Savannah River Plantations: Photographs from the Collections of the Georgia Historical Society (Charleston: Arcadia Press, 1998) Wikoff, Henry, My Courtship and Its Consequences (New York: J.C. Derby, 1855) Wikoff, Henry, Reminiscences of an Idler (New York: Fords, Howard, & Hulbert, 1880) Williams, Alpheus S., From the Cannon's Mouth: The Civil War Letters of General Alpheus S. Williams, Milo M. Quaife ed. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1995) (Introduction by Gary W. Gallagher) Williams, Frederick D., Michigan Soldiers in the Civil War (Lansing: Michigan Historical Center, 2002) Wills, Brian S., George Henry Thomas: As True as Steel (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2012) Wise, Jim, On Sherman’s Trail: The Civil War’s North Carolina Climax (Charleston: The History Press, 2008) Withington, William H., Michigan in the Opening of the War (Detroit: Ostler Printing Co., 1889) Woodford, Frank B., Father Abraham's Children: Michigan Episodes in the Civil War (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1961)

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Woodworth, Steven E. ed., Leadership and Command in the Civil War (Campbell: Savas Woodbury Publishers, 1995) Woodworth, Steven E., Nothing But Victory: The Army of the Tennessee, 1861-1865 (New York: Vintage Books, 2005)

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