‘Do Now’ 'Hacer ahora' In one or two full sentences explain the Social Stratification of the Medieval age…

YESTERDAY’S NOTES!!!

En una o dos frases completas explica la Estratificación Social de la Edad Media ...

NOTAS DE HIERBAS !!! Unit 6.3

Medieval Pope -- Leader of The Catholic Church >>

The Medieval Church Where was Christianity by 737 A.D??

Conquered by Muslim invaders (Modern day Spain) Overview of Christianity in History 1) 1000-600 B.C Judaism forms the Old Testament

2) 4 B.C Jesus is Born -- 30 A.D Jesus is Crucified by Romans

3) 60 A.D Emperor Nero Oppresses and kills Christians

4) 313 Emperor Constantine makes Christianity legal in Rome

5) Christianity Spreads Throughout Europe... Think-Pair-Share! Piensa-Par-Compartir! (In the Middle Ages, The Bible was only written in Latin)

(En la Edad Media, la Biblia sólo estaba escrita en latín) What would be some problems if only Catholic Priests were able to read the bible? Explique con sus propias palabras cuál sería el problema si sólo los sacerdotes católicos pudieran leer la Biblia? Problems… Think-Pair-Share -- Most Christians could not read the bible directly

-- Priests would have total control over which passages were read

-- Priests would have total control over how the passages were interpreted!

-- People believed they needed the priests to get to heaven and avoid hell

- La mayoría de los cristianos no podía leer la Biblia directamente

- Los sacerdotes tendrían control total sobre qué pasajes se leían

- ¡Los sacerdotes tendrían control total sobre cómo se interpretaban los pasajes!

-- La gente creía que necesitaban a los sacerdotes para llegar al cielo y evitar el infierno Church Dominates Medieval Life --Roman Catholic Church Becomes Extremely Powerful

--Religion shaped everyday life of Europeans

--Church had economic and political power

--Anyone who did not belong to the church community was viewed with suspicion! Christian/Catholic Priests --Often the only contact people had with the church

Celebrated mass/Administered SACRAMENTS --Sacraments would lead to everlasting life with God

Explained The Bible (Written in Latin only)

--Guided people on moral issues/Helped the sick and needy Community Churches --Center of villages/Typically largest building

-- Baptism/Marriage/Burial and Death

-- Christian Calendar and Holidays/Holidays for Saints -- Tithe of 10 percent paid to church by villagers

Cathedrals --Eventually, huge churches called Cathedrals were built

--Beautiful artwork and design

--Source of pride and devotion to Christian faith

--Members of churches would donate money, labor, and resources to help build them!

Women and Church Attitude...

--All people were equal before God

--On earth, however, women were viewed as weak and easily tempted by sin

-- At the same time, Mary was put forward as the idea of the perfect woman (Modest and Pure)

-- Set minimum age for marriage to protect women

--Church could fine men who seriously hurt their wives

Yet… Women usually punished worse for similar offences than men <<< Medieval depiction of Mother Mary

Monasteries and Convents Some men and women withdrew from worldly life -- ‘MONASTIC LIFE’

-- Monks (Men) -- Nuns (Women)

3 vows… 1) Obedience to the head of their monastery 2) Poverty (Don’t chase money -- Live poor) 3) Chastity or Purity (No Sex)

Service and Scholarship --Looked after the sick and needy -- Food and lodging to travelers -- Libraries kept Greek and Roman writings alive

Church Power Grows... In the centuries (hundreds of years) after The Fall of Rome… -- Church gained spiritual and ‘SECULAR’ control over Western Europe

-- Pope at the head -- ‘PAPAL SUPREMACY’ -- Gained Land and Political Power -- Churchmen were highly education

The Church could deny The Sacraments --Sacraments were needed to get to Heaven and avoid Hell --Sacraments could be denied as punishment… Medieval Depiction of Hell Church Power...

Church developed its own laws -- ‘CANON LAW’

Church could ‘EXCOMMUNICATE’

Entire towns could face the ‘INTERDICT’

The Church Pushed for Peace in the Later Middle Ages… Declared periods of peace -- TRUCE OF GOD Demanded fighting stop between Friday and Saturday and on Religious holidays Church Corruption and Reform

More power and influence = Easier to corrupt

Devout Christians left their land and money to the church after they died -- Lead some monks and nuns to ignore their vow of poverty ($$$)

--Some Clergy lived in luxury

Reform Movements!!

900’s ‘Cluny Reforms.’ -- Revive the vows of chastity, poverty, and chastity. -- Nobles could not interfere in the affairs of monasteries

Pope Gregory in 1073 -- Church alone, not kings or nobles, got to choose church officials. - Priests cannot marry! -- Prohibited ‘simony’ or the selling of church offices 6.3 Vocab

Sacrament Benedictine Rule Secular Papal Supremacy Canon Law Excommunication Interdict Friar St. Francis of Assisi Video -- Power of Medieval Church

39 start -- Monks

52:30 -- Charlamagne

1:14 -- Church Trying to Slow Down Violence