Dark Angel: Britains First Female Serial Killer Ebook, Epub
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20. East Rainton
20. EAST RAINTON East Rainton is a former mining village which lies on the main road in a north easterly direction between Durham and Sunderland. It is one of five places with Rainton as their place names. Travelling from Houghton-le-Spring to Durham, one passes through Rainton Bridge, East Rainton, Middle Rainton, West Rainton and finally Rainton Gate. Rainton first appears as ‘Raegnwalds Tun’ a farming settlement or estate established in the early 900s by Raegnwald, whose father, Franco, was one of the seven monks who escorted St Cuthbert’s coffin from Lindisfarne to Chester-le-Street in AD 883, a hundred years before it was brought to Durham city. By the 12th century two distinct settlements had emerged – ‘Raintona et alia Raintona’ – East and West Rainton. At this time the place name was spelt in a bewildering variety of ways, e.g. Reinington, Renigton and Rainton. In the Middle Ages Rainton (both East and West) belonged to Durham Priory who had a manorial farm and park there. The appointment of a park keeper is recorded in 1338 and in 1508 Prior Thomas had a grant of free warren from Bishop Bainbridge. By the 19th century the Dean and Chapter of Durham were Lords of the Manor and the Marquis of Londonderry is the chief landowner (Robert Surtees: The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham 1816-1840) The old Durham-Sunderland road, running past East Rainton, also probably dates back to the Middle Ages. It has been improved over the centuries, beginning in the 1700s when it became a turnpike road, which is still commemorated by the name of the hamlet, Rainton Gate, where one of the road’s toll gates was located, and culminating more recently in its transformation into the dual-carriageway A690. -
16. the Social History of Hetton
16. THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF HETTON Sections Introduction 1. The Agricultural Settlement 2. The Creation of the Colliery Settlement at Hetton-le-Hole 3. The Creation of the Colliery Settlement at Eppleton 4. Housing 5. Colliery Houses 6. The 1841 Census 7. Housing Development 8. Pitmen at Work 9. Pitmen at Leisure 10. Pit Wives 11. Pit Children 12. Commercial Dealers and Merchants 13. Religion 14. Sunday Schools 15. Education 16. Outdoor Leisure 17. Sports 18. Breweries, Public Houses and Working Men’s Clubs 19. Music Hall, Theatre and Cinema 20. Bands and Musical Groups 21. Associations and Clubs 22. Public Health 23. Law and Order Introduction The industrial revolution transformed communities, and nowhere more significantly than in the village of Hetton-le-Hole. From an agricultural environment where workers and their families were servants of landowners and Prince Bishops, a new community was about to emerge. The rural landscape, with open fields and gentle hills, succumbed to chimneys, machinery, and belching smoke. This change occurred with the discovery and winning of coal beneath the magnesian limestone escarpment at the Lyons district of Hetton-le-Hole and the construction of the Stephenson railway. This could not have taken place without the formation of the Hetton Coal Company and its accompanying workforce. The social structure of a community is shaped by its environment, housing, working conditions, religion, education and leisure pursuits. The mining community faced many challenges throughout history, particularly during the cholera outbreak and miners’ strikes, but lessons learned along the way brought about better health and greater prosperity. 359 The Agricultural Settlement Long, dusty country lanes, pleasant rural scenery on either side, dotted with an occasional farmstead, this was the landscape of Hetton-le-Hole before industrialisation. -
Village Atlas Sections 19
THE HETTON VILLAGE ATLAS A Community, its History and Landscape HETTON LOCAL & NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY THE HETTON VILLAGE ATLAS THE LANDSCAPE, HISTORY AND ENVIRONMENT OF HETTON-LE-HOLE AND NEIGHBOURING COMMUNITIES Lyons Cottages at Hetton Lyons, with the cottage lived in by Robert Stephenson during construction of the Hetton Colliery Railway shown nearest to the camera. Edited by Peter Collins, Alan Rushworth & David Wallace with text and illustrations by The Archaeological Practice Ltd, Peter Collins, Ivan Dunn, Brenda Graham, Alan Jackson, Ian Roberts, Pat Robson, Peter Ryder, Bob Scott, Sue Stephenson, Mary Stobbart, Susan Waterston, Paul Williams, David Witham and Peter Witham, Hetton Local and Natural History Society Lifting the track of the Hetton Colliery Railway in Railway Street, Hetton, in 1959 © Hetton Local and Natural History Society and the individual authors and contributors Published by Hetton Local and Natural History Society Printed by Durham County Council CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PREFACE: Peter Witham 1. INTRODUCTION FEATURE: Hetton-le-Hole and Hetton-le-Hill 2. LOCATION AND LANDSCAPE 3. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE HISTORIC MAP FEATURE: Hetton Mapped through Time 4. THE GEOLOGY OF THE HETTON AREA (Paul Williams & Peter Witham) 5. LANDSCAPE AND BIO-DIVERSITY (Pat Robson, Bob Scott, Peter Witham & Ivan Dunn) 6. HYDROLOGY (Pat Robson, Bob Scott & Peter Witham) 7. HISTORIC SITE GAZETTEER 8. HISTORIC BUILDINGS (Peter Ryder) 9. COMMUNITIES AND SETTLEMENTS 10. HISTORICAL SYNTHESIS UP TO 1850 APPENDIX: Signposts to a Lost Landscape Charters 11 MINING IN HETTON: PART 1 THE MAJOR COLLIERIES (David Witham & Peter Witham) 12 MINING IN HETTON: PART 2 THE MINOR COLLIERIES (David Witham & Peter Witham) 13. -
The Journal of the Northumberland & Durham
THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTHUMBERLAND & DURHAM FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY Vol. 19 No. 1 Spring 1994 CONTENTS Editorial ...... ........ ... ........... .......................... .............. .................. ...................... ........................ ........ .......................... ........... ........ ..... 1 Notes & News ...... ... ............................. ........ .............. ..... ............. ...................... ........ ................ ........ .................. ........... ........... ........ .. 1 Letters to the Editor ..................................... .............. .................. ...................... ........ ........................ .................. ........... ........... ........ .. 2 New Publications .... ............................. ........ .............. .................. ...................... ..................... ........... ........ .......... ........... ........... ........ .. 2 The 'Lord Delaval' - Again .. ................................ ..... .................. ...................... ............. ........ ........... ........ .......... ........... ........... .......... 3 Don't Believe It! ........ .......................... ........ ................................ ...................... ............. ........ ........... ........ .......... ........... ........... .......... 4 Ancestor Born Before 1800 .................................. ............................................. ..................... ........ ........... .................. .............. ........ .. 4 -
Mary Ann Cotton - Dark Angel: Britains First Female Serial Killer Pdf
FREE MARY ANN COTTON - DARK ANGEL: BRITAINS FIRST FEMALE SERIAL KILLER PDF Martin Connolly | 186 pages | 28 Sep 2016 | Pen & Sword Books Ltd | 9781473876200 | English | Barnsley, United Kingdom Mary Ann Cotton and Proven Victims List - Female Famous Serial Ki Please refresh the page and retry. When the gallows trapdoor opened, Mary Ann Cotton dropped just two feet, a fall insufficient to break her neck. The hangman leant over and pushed down on her shoulders to hasten strangulation. She took several minutes to die. There was little sympathy for Cotton. Convicted of the murder of her seven-year old stepson, she was suspected of killing with arsenic as many as 20 others — including her mother, several of her children and stepchildren, three husbands, a lover and a friend. She was a working-class woman whose perpetrations were almost certainly motivated by money. C otton was born on October 31,in a village near Sunderland. Her father, a miner, was killed in an accident when she was just nine. Many of these family deaths resulted in Cotton receiving insurance payments. T he body count in this tale beggars belief. Even more astonishing, to modern eyes, is that nobody connected the deaths for so long. Yet you have to look at the case in the context of Victorian England. Policing was still in Mary Ann Cotton - Dark Angel: Britains First Female Serial Killer infancy, and although there was forensic testing for arsenic poisoning, it was incredibly hard to detect, symptoms often being misdiagnosed as gastric ailments. In Mayshe was living with Charles Edward, the son of her fourth husband. -
Thesis Final Document Paddy Absolute Final 25:11:19
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