The New Deal in Arizona: Connections to Our Historic Landscape Heritage Tourism Map Locations
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THE NEW DEAL IN ARIZONA: CONNECTIONS TO OUR HISTORIC LANDSCAPE HERITAGE TOURISM MAP LOCATIONS APACHE COUNTY 10 Geronimo Surrender 18 Williams Ranger Station LA PAZ COUNTY 34 Phoenix College and Art 41 Colossal Cave Mountain 49 Fray Marcos de Niza Monument Location: 724 S. Clover Rd., Williams Location: 1202 W. Thomas Rd., Park and CCC Museum Roadside Shrine 1 Springerville Post Office Location: Hwy. 80 Directions: From I-40 to Bus. 40 turn 26 Parker Dam Phoenix Location: 16721 E. Old Spanish Trail, Location: Department of Motor and Art Directions: 45 miles northeast of west on Rte. 66 to Location: Parker Dam Rd., 12 miles Directions: From I-17 turn east on Vail Vehicles, 3030 N. Grand Ave., Location: 5 W. Main St., Springerville Douglas on Hwy. 80. S. Clover Rd. northeast of Parker W. Thomas Rd. Directions: From I-10 take exit 279, Nogales Directions: Hwy. 60 in Springerville The Geronimo Surrender Monument Williams Ranger Station contains five Directions: From Hwy. 95, 12 miles In 1939 Phoenix College moved from turn north on Vail/Colossal Directions: From I-19 take exit 8, Grand The New Deal in Arizona: becomes Main St. commemorates the final surrender of historic buildings: two residences, north of Parker, turn west its old location to a new site at Cave Rd. for 7 miles, turn Ave., to DMV. Shrine is locat- Connections to Our Historic Landscape the famous Chiricahua Apache Chief horse barn/garage and corral, shed, on Parker Dam Rd. Thomas and 15th. The architectural east on Old Spanish Trail. ed approximately 500’ south is a “We the People” project The Springerville Post Office is simple on the Santa Cruz River bank. in its appearance. Yet it also displays Geronimo and the last of his band to and small garage that were constructed by Civilian Conservation Corps enrollees Parker Dam on the Colorado River was firm of Lescher and Mahoney was A commemorative statue, “The CCC Worker,” greets visitors as they approach Colos- funded by The Arizona Humanities Council an eclectic collection of architectural General Nelson A. Miles on September in the Bungalow/Craftsman style in 1934. The well-preserved buildings and their funded by the California Metropolitan hired with Public Works Administration sal Cave. Civilian Conservation Corps enrollees constructed the massive hand-hewn One of the primary goals of the Federal Art Project was to bring different kinds www.azhumanities.org design styles. The flat roof with para- 4, 1886. That surrender marked the setting offer an excellent example of depression-era architecture and Forest Ser- Water District and the Public Works funds to design the first six buildings limestone buildings and ramada at the cave entrance. The walkways, handrails, of art to the American people. Sculptor Kathleen Wilson was funded by FAP to and pets and six water spouts are characteristic of Pueblo Revival. The arched windows end of more than 20 years of warfare vice design. Bungalows in the Craftsman style were usually single-story structures Administration. The dam created a water storage reservoir, Lake Havasu, from for the new campus. The Liberal Arts and lighting inside the cave were also completed by camp SP10A between 1934 create 12 three-foot statues representing historic priests. Local teenagers were with a low-pitched, gabled roof and a wide front porch with square columns sup- The Vance Foundation suggest Mission Revival influence and the twisted columns and lantern at the between the Chiricahua Apache and which billions of gallons of water each day could be diverted to the Colorado Aq- and Science buildings, a gym, a combination library, auditorium and administra- and1937. Colossal Cave was the only cave development project undertaken by the hired with National Youth Administration funds to build the shrine structures for and is an American settlers and the U.S. Army. Geronimo and his fighters, along with those porting the porch roof. The site, with two residences and functional structures, CCC in the West. Enrollees also constructed two nearby picnic and campgrounds, La entryway arise from Spanish Baroque architecture. Funded by the Public Works ueduct and southern California. A lack of congressional approval for construction tion building, a cafeteria, and a central heating plant formed the core of the college the “Camino de los Padres.” With the support of local Chambers of Commerce, Arizona Centennial Project Administration and constructed in 1937, the building was designed to house mul- Chiricahua already settled on the San Carlos Reservation, were forcibly removed to illustrates the expanded land management role of the Forest Service when the or a final settlement of state water rights for the Colorado River drove Governor for many years. Although some now support different activities, all six buildings Sevilla and El Bosquicito. The former CCC camp office now houses the CCC Museum the statues were placed along Arizona roadways. The statue with its stone grotto tiple government agencies including the U.S. Forest Service. The well-preserved a prison camp in Florida. The monument was constructed by the City of Douglas on Kaibab National Forest was increased in area by more than one million acres. Moeur to send out the Arizona National Guard and threaten military action if the are still standing. The lower level of the new library contains two paintings funded which features handcrafted furniture and other historic photographs and objects. outside of Nogales has attracted much devotion since its construction in 1939. lobby features a bas-relief sculpture by Robert Kittredge illustrating the Apache Highway 80, then the main east-west route, as a point of interest for automobile dam reached Arizona shores. Construction was delayed for six months until Con- by the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. These Arizona desert landscapes Colossal Cave Mountain Park was a great example of community advocacy; cave Most statues have subsequently disappeared and many of those that are left have Chiefs Geronimo and Vittorio on horseback in battle. The sculpture was funded by tourists. The actual surrender site is located eight miles southeast on Skeleton Can- GILA COUNTY gress gave its approval. Today the dam also provides water to the Central Arizona were created by one of the most prolific of Arizona New Deal artists, David Carrick operator Frank Schmidt, Tucson Chamber of Commerce, Pima County Board of Su- suffered from vandalism. the Section of Fine Arts, the U.S. Treasury Department’s New Deal art program. yon Rd. Materials and construction were funded by the Civil Works Administration, Project aquaduct to the communities of Phoenix and Tucson. The dam’s foundation Swing, in 1935. Swing also taught painting at the college for many years. pervisors, and Arizona State Legislature and Land Department worked together to a relief program that provided employment for local unemployed laborers. was constructed 235 feet below the level of the Colorado River. The dam is topped secure CCC labor and funds to develop the cave. Supporters believed that Colossal 19 Besh-Ba-Gowah YAVAPAI COUNTY 2 Navajo Nation Council by an impressive 62-foot superstructure that towers over the road that crosses the Cave would become an important tourism asset, and, 75 years later, it still brings Archaeological Park top of the dam. visitors and jobs to the local community. Chamber and Art COCONINO COUNTY Location: 1100 Jesse Hayes Rd., Globe MOHAVE COUNTY 50 Tuzigoot National Monument, Location: Rte. 12, Window Rock Directions: From Hwy. 60 (Ash St.) turn 35 Hoover Dam 42 Tucson Plant Material Center Exhibits, and Furniture 11 South Beaver School south onto S. East St. (later MARICOPA COUNTY Directions: From I-40 turn north on Location: Hwy. 93 Location: Tuzigoot Rd., Clarkdale Location: 506 S. Beaver St., Flagstaff Carico St.), turn south on Location: 3241 N. Romero Rd., Tucson Navajo Rte. 12, east on Rte. Directions: Hwy. 93, 70 miles northeast Directions: From I-17 take exit 287 to PROJECT TEAM 264, and north again on Rte. Directions: From Bus. 40 take Butler Rd. S. Broad St., turn south 27 Phoenix Homesteads Directions: From I-10 take Prince Rd. of Kingman. east, turn south on Rte. 260 west past Cotton- J.J. Lamb • Project Manager, Researcher, Site Visits, Writer 12 into Window Rock. east, turn south on Beaver St. onto Jesse Hayes Rd. Location: Between Flower St., 28th St., wood toward Clarkdale, Pinchot Ave., and 26th St., The Hoover Dam was proposed in 1918 Romero Rd. Robin Pinto • Researcher, Site Visits, Lead Writer The Navajo Nation Council Chamber, The Public Works Administration The park contains remains from a turn east on Tuzigoot Rd. Robert Leighninger, Jr. • Researcher, Writer specialized in the construction of Phoenix in order to manage flooding in the Public Works Administration funds the seat of Navajo government, was prehistoric communal dwelling constructed by the Salado people. The site was Directions: From Hwy. 51 turn east on lower Colorado River basin, provide The archaeological site contains an Peter Booth • Project Support, Writer funded by the Public Works Administration and built in 1935 by Navajo laborers community schools. In 1934 the inhabited from 1225 to 1400 A.D. Irene Vickery conducted the first formal archaeo- financed construction of the Tucson E. Thomas Rd., and north on water to irrigate farm fields in California, Plant Material Center. Hispanic workers hired with Federal Emergency Relief Ad- outstanding example of a reconstructed prehistoric community inhabited by the Michael Smith • Project Support under the Civilian Conservation Corps – Indian Division. The rustic design of the Flagstaff school board requested and logical investigation starting in 1935. Funding for her salary and her laborers came Sinagua people between 1000 and 1400 A.D. Two archaeologists and 50 laborers Joy Mehulka • Cartography, Graphic Design received funds from the PWA to build a new elementary school for its black and His- 26th St.