DOCSLIB.ORG

ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 1 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 1 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 Emergency Transboundary Outbreak Pests (ETOPs) Situation for September with a forecast through mid-November 2019 résumé en français est inclus SUMMARY The Desert Locust (Schistoseca gregaria - SGR1): During September, SGR continued developing in Yemen, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan, Somalia and Saudi Arabia in the central outbreak region (COR) where more than 9,130 ha were treated. Breeding and hatching continued in India and Pakistan in the eastern outbreak region (EOR) and control operations treated close to 115,000 ha during this month. The situation remained relatively calm in the western outbreak region (WOR) and only small-scale breeding was reported in Chad. Forecast: SGR will continue further developing in COR and EOR and may slightly increase in WOR. Intensive surveillance and timely control interventions remain crucial to abate any threats the pest poses to vulnerable communities Red (Nomadic) Locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata) (NSE): NSE swarms persisted in Kafue Flats, Zambia, Ikuu-Katavi plains and Malagarasi Basin in Tanzania and Dimba plains in Mozambique. Active monitoring, surveillance and preventive interventions remain critical to abate the threats the pest poses to vulnerable communities. Tree Locusts, Anacridium spp. (ASP): ASP outbreak was reported from Turkana country in Kenya and preparations were underway at the time this bulletin was compiled. Central American Locust, Schistocerca piceiferons piceiferons (CAL): No update was received at the time this bulletin was compiled. South American Locust, Schistocerca cancellata (SCA): No update was received during this month. Italian (CIT), Moroccan (DMA), and the Asian Migratory Locusts (LMI): Locust activities have ended in most of the CAC, and only limited egg laying may have continued through September which is expected to end in the coming weeks. Fewer hectares were treated in 2019 compared to 2018, which could be attributed to good surveillance, monitoring and information sharing and timely interventions. 1 Definitions of all acronyms can be found at the end of the report. ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 1 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW): FAW was reported in maize and other crops in Africa and Asia during September (for more information, refer to pages 9-11). African Armyworm (AAW) (Spodoptera exempta): No AAW outbreak was reported during this month. Quelea spp. (QSP): QSP bird outbreaks were reported in wheat fields in Zimbabwe and control operations were conducted with MinAgri support. Active surveillance and monitoring as well as sharing ETOP information and timely preventive interventions remain critical to abate the threats ETOPs pose to food security and livelihoods of vulnerable communities. USAID/OFDA/PSPM regularly monitors ETOPs in close collaboration with its network of national PPDs/DPVs, regional and international pest monitoring and/or control entities, including FAO, CLCPRO, CRC, DLCO-EA, and IRLCO-CSA, and research centers, academia, private sector, NGOs and others and issues concise, analytical bulletins to stakeholders. End summary RÉSUMÉ La situation du Criquet pèlerin (Schistoseca gregaria - SGR): En septembre, SGR a poursuivi son développement au Yémen, en Éthiopie, en Érythrée, au Soudan, en Somalie et en Arabie Saoudite dans la région de la flambée épidémique (COR), où plus de 9 130 ha ont été traités. La reproduction et l'éclosion se sont poursuivies en Inde et au Pakistan dans la région est de la flambée épidémique et les opérations de lutte ont traité près de 115 000 ha au cours de ce mois. La situation est restée relativement calme dans la région de la flambée occidentale (WOR) et seule une reproduction à petite échelle a été signalée au Tchad. Prévisions: SGR poursuivra son développement en COR et EOR et pourrait augmenter légèrement en WOR. Une surveillance intensive et des mesures de contrôle en temps opportun restent essentielles pour réduire les menaces que l'insecte nuisible fait peser sur les communautés vulnérables. Criquet nomade rouge (Nomadacris septemfasciata) (NSE): Des essaims de NSE ont persisté dans les plaines de Kafue en Zambie, dans les plaines d'Ikuu-Katavi et dans le bassin de Malagarasi en Tanzanie et dans les plaines de Dimba au Mozambique. La surveillance active, la surveillance et les interventions préventives demeurent essentielles pour réduire les menaces que l'insecte nuisible fait peser sur les communautés vulnérables. ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 2 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 Criquet Amérique centrale, Schistocerca piceifrons piceiferons (CAL): Aucune mise à jour n'a été reçue au moment de la rédaction du présent Bulletin. Le criquet arborial, Anacridium spp: Une épidémie d'ASP a été signalée dans le pays Turkana au Kenya et les préparatifs étaient en cours au moment de la rédaction du présent bulletin. Criquet d'Amérique du Sud, Schistocerca cancellata (SCA): Aucune mise à jour n'a été reçue au cours de ce mois. Criquets italiens (CIT), marocains (DMA), Asian Migratory Locust (LMI): Les activités acridiennes ont pris fin dans la plupart des CCC, et seule une ponte d'oeufs limitée pourrait avoir continué jusqu'en septembre, ce qui devrait se terminer dans les prochaines semaines. Moins d'hectares ont été traités en 2019 par rapport à 2018, ce qui peut être attribué à une surveillance, à un suivi et à un partage d'informations efficaces et à des interventions rapides. Chenille Légionnaire d'automne (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW): Des FAW ont été signalées dans le maïs et d'autres cultures en Afrique et en Asie en septembre (pour plus d'informations, voir pages 9-11). Chenille Légionnaire africaine (AAW), Spodoptera exempta: aucun foyer d'AAW n'a été signalé au cours de ce mois. Quelea spp. oiseaux (QSP): QSP des épidémies d'oiseaux ont été signalées dans des champs de blé au Zimbabwe et des opérations de lutte ont été menées avec le soutien de MinAgri. La surveillance active et le suivi, ainsi que le partage des informations ETOP et des interventions préventives opportunes restent essentiels pour atténuer les menaces que représentent les ETOP pour la sécurité alimentaire et les moyens de subsistance des communautés vulnérables. USAID / OFDA / PSPM surveille régulièrement les ETOP en étroite collaboration avec son réseau de PPD / DPV nationaux, d'entités régionales et internationales de surveillance et / ou de lutte antiparasitaire, y compris la FAO, la CLCPRO, le CRC, le DLCO-EA et l'IRLCO-CSA, et des centres de recherche. , universités, secteur privé, ONG et autres et publie des bulletins analytiques concis à l’intention des parties prenantes. Fin de résumé Note: This and all previous ETOP Weather and Ecological Conditions Bulletins and SITREPs can be accessed and downloaded on USAID Pest and During September, rainfall was above- Pesticide Monitoring website: USAID Pest and average over local areas in Senegal, Mali, Pesticide Monitoring and western Burkina Faso, southern ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 3 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 Chad, much of South Sudan, southern and eastern Sudan, many parts of Ethiopia, Eritrea, northern Tanzania, and parts of Somalia and Kenya. Below average rainfall was reported in parts of Mauritania, Senegal, eastern Burkina Faso, parts of Uganda and South Africa during September. During the 3rd dekad of the month, the ITF location was steadily moving south along with the seasonal monsoon. In Algeria, ecological conditions were favorable for locusts to develop in the periphery of agricultural areas and the extreme south of the country. In Morocco, ecological conditions were favorable only in areas that received rain in the Draa Valley and southeastern part of the country. In Chad, less rainfall occurred in grangerization zone in Ati and Abéché 2nd dekad of the month, but vegetation coverage was mostly green in areas that were surveyed during the 2nd rd dekad of September (CNLA/Mali, The above figure shows the 3 dekad CNLA/Mauritania, CNLAA/Morocco, position (red) of the ITF relative to the CNLA/Tunisia, INPV/Algeria). long-term average position (black) during rd this dekad and its position during the 3 In COR: In Yemen, heavy rain and dekad of August (yellow). The graphic flooding associated with Cyclone Hikaa illustrations below and the right column fell in the interior in Marib, Shabwah, and show latitudinal values of the western Hadhramuot and on the Red Sea and Gulf and eastern portions of the ITF, of Aden coastal plains during the last five respectively, and their seasonal days of September. In those areas, evolutions since April, 2019 (NOAA vegetation is green, soil is wet and September 2019). ecological conditions will remain favorable for locusts to breed in Yemen during the forecast period. In Tehama coastal areas, drying to dry vegetation and dry soil were observed. In Oman, heavy rain from Cyclone Hikka fell on 24 September and flooding occurred in Al Waste governorate (DLMCC/Yemen). Forecast for 1-14, October, 2019 During the 1st week of October, there is an increased chance for below-average rainfall over much of Senegal, and southwestern Mali. In contrast, there is ETOP BULLETIN for September 2019 USAID/OFDA - AELGA Page 4 ETOP BULLETIN IX – 2019 USAID/OFDA ISSUED OCTOBER 4, 2019 an increased chance for above-average natural vegetation drying out in most of rainfall over many places in portions of the locust breeding areas (FAO-ECLO). Sudan and Ethiopia. During the 2nd week of October, there is an increased chance Note: Changes in the weather pattern for above-average rainfall over such as increased or decreased southeastern Senegal, southern Mali, temperature and precipitation can Burkina Faso; an increased chance for contribute to ecological shift in ETOP above-average rainfall over southern habitats and could increase or decrease Ethiopia and northern Somalia (NOAA the risk of pest outbreaks, resurgence 9/2019).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Taxonomic Status of the Genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium Associated with Grasshoppers and Locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa
    Mycol. Res. 106 (6): 737–744 (June 2002). # The British Mycological Society 737 DOI: 10.1017\S0953756202006056 Printed in the United Kingdom. Taxonomic status of the genera Sorosporella and Syngliocladium associated with grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa Harry C. EVANS* and Paresh A. SHAH† CABI Bioscience UK Centre, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks. SL5 7TA, UK. E-mail: h.evans!cabi.org Received 2 September 2001; accepted 28 April 2002. The occurrence of disease outbreaks associated with the genus Sorosporella on grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Africa is reported. Infected hosts, representing ten genera within five acridoid subfamilies, are characterized by red, thick-walled chlamydospores which completely fill the cadaver. On selective media, the chlamydospores, up to seven-years-old, germinated to produce a Syngliocladium anamorph which is considered to be undescribed. The new species Syngliocladium acridiorum is described and two varieties are delimited: var. acridiorum, on various grasshopper and locust genera from the Sahelian region of West Africa; and, var. madagascariensis, on the Madagascan migratory locust. The ecology of these insect-fungal associations is discussed. Sorosporella is treated as a synonym of Syngliocladium. INTRODUCTION synanamorph, Syngliocladium Petch. Subsequently, Hodge, Humber & Wozniak (1998) described two Between 1990 and 1993, surveys for mycopathogens of Syngliocladium species from the USA and emended the orthopteran pests were conducted in Africa and Asia as generic diagnosis, which also included Sorosporella as a part of a multinational, collaborative project for the chlamydosporic synanamorph. biological control of grasshoppers and locusts of the Based on these recent developments, the taxonomic family Acridoidea or Acrididae (Kooyman & Shah status of the collections on African locusts and 1992).
    [Show full text]
  • EVALUATION of FIELD TRIAL DATA on the EFFICACY and SELECTIVITY of INSECTICIDES on LOCUSTS and GRASSHOPPERS Report to FAO By
    EVALUATION OF FIELD TRIAL DATA ON THE EFFICACY AND SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES ON LOCUSTS AND GRASSHOPPERS Report to FAO by the PESTICIDE REFEREE GROUP Sixth meeting Rome, 10 - 12 December 1996 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Plant Production and Protection Division Rome, 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 EFFECTIVE INSECTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION 1 OTHER INSECTICIDES 5 APPLICATION CRITERIA 5 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CERTAIN INSECTICIDES 6 POSSIBLE USE PATTERNS 7 EVALUATION AND MONITORING 8 EMPRES 8 RECOMMENDATIONS 9 APPENDICES Appendix I Participants in the Meeting Appendix II Reports Submitted to the Pesticide Referee Group in December 1996 Appendix III Summary of Data from Efficacy Trial Reports Listed by Insecticide as Discussed in the 1996 Group Meeting Appendix IV References Used for the Environmental Evaluation Appendix V Evaluation of Pesticides for Locust Control Appendix VI Terms of Reference 2 INTRODUCTION 1. The 6th meeting of the Pesticide Referee Group was opened by Dr. N. van der Graaff, Chief Plant Protection Service. He mentioned that, since the last meeting, there had been an upsurge in Red Locust activity in southern Africa. He requested that the Group, in addition to its principal focus on the Desert Locust, also evaluate data on other migratory locusts including the Red Locust. Mr van der Graaff noted that donors and locust-affected countries remained very concerned about the impact of insecticides on the environment. He stressed the need for the Group to take particular note of ecotoxicological data in their evaluations. He welcomed Mr. Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah to the Group as a representative of locust-affected countries and Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Elements for the Sustainable Management of Acridoids of Importance in Agriculture
    African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(2), pp. 142-152, 12 January, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR DOI: 10.5897/AJAR11.912 ISSN 1991-637X ©2012 Academic Journals Review Elements for the sustainable management of acridoids of importance in agriculture María Irene Hernández-Zul 1, Juan Angel Quijano-Carranza 1, Ricardo Yañez-López 1, Irineo Torres-Pacheco 1, Ramón Guevara-Gónzalez 1, Enrique Rico-García 1, Adriana Elena Castro- Ramírez 2 and Rosalía Virginia Ocampo-Velázquez 1* 1Department of Biosystems, School of Engineering, Queretaro State University, C.U. Cerro de las Campanas, Querétaro, México. 2Department of Agroecology, Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. Accepted 16 December, 2011 Acridoidea is a superfamily within the Orthoptera order that comprises a group of short-horned insects commonly called grasshoppers. Grasshopper and locust species are major pests of grasslands and crops in all continents except Antarctica. Economically and historically, locusts and grasshoppers are two of the most destructive agricultural pests. The most important locust species belong to the genus Schistocerca and populate America, Africa, and Asia. Some grasshoppers considered to be important pests are the Melanoplus species, Camnula pellucida in North America, Brachystola magna and Sphenarium purpurascens in northern and central Mexico, and Oedaleus senegalensis and Zonocerus variegatus in Africa. Previous studies have classified these species based on specific characteristics. This review includes six headings. The first discusses the main species of grasshoppers and locusts; the second focuses on their worldwide distribution; the third describes their biology and life cycle; the fourth refers to climatic factors that facilitate the development of grasshoppers and locusts; the fifth discusses the action or reaction of grasshoppers and locusts to external or internal stimuli and the sixth refers to elements to design management strategies with emphasis on prevention.
    [Show full text]
  • EPPO Reporting Service
    ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 10 PARIS, 2012-10-01 CONTENTS _______________________________________________________________________ Pests & Diseases 2012/203 - First report of Anthonomus eugenii in the Netherlands 2012/204 - First report of Aromia bungii in Italy 2012/205 - Drosophila suzukii continues to spread in Europe 2012/206 - First report of Drosophila suzukii in Germany 2012/207 - First report of Drosophila suzukii in Croatia 2012/208 - First report of Drosophila suzukii in the United Kingdom 2012/209 - First report of Drosophila suzukii in Portugal 2012/210 - First report of Drosophila suzukii in the Netherlands 2012/211 - Situation of Drosophila suzukii in Belgium 2012/212 - First report of Aculops fuchsiae in Belgium 2012/213 - First report of Carpomya incompleta in France 2012/214 - Outbreaks of Bemisia tabaci in Finland 2012/215 - Update on the situation of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera in the Czech Republic 2012/216 - Synchytrium endobioticum no longer found in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom 2012/217 - Outbreak of Anacridium melanorhodon arabafrum in Qatar 2012/218 - Ralstonia solanacearum detected in the Czech Republic 2012/219 - First report of „Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum‟ on carrots in France, in association with Trioza apicalis 2012/220 - Occurrence of „Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri‟ is confirmed in Belgium 2012/221 - „Syndrome des basses richesses‟ detected in Germany: addition to
    [Show full text]
  • Seasonal Occurrence of the Tree Locust Anacridium Melanorhodon
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 146, Volume 48, Number 04, June 2018 Seasonal Occurrence of the Tree Locust Anacridium Melanorhodon Melanorhodonon Acacia Senegal, North Kordofan State, Sudan Omer Rahama Mohamed Rahama1 Magzoub Omer Bashir Ahmed2 and AbdalmnanAlzian Hassan3. 1,3Department of Plant Protection Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Sudan. 2Dept. of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan. Abstract:-The tree locust, Anacridium melanorhodon Sudanese western sand plains associated with Acacia melanorhodon (Walker, 1870) (Acrididae: Orthoptera) causes mellifera and Acacia senegal. Gum Arabic is often the sporadic damage mainly to trees. In Sudan, it is called night principal source of income in these areas. In addition to wanderer because of its nocturnal activity. It is commonly gum production, A. senegal tree is used for sand dunes found on the Sudanese western sand plains, causing stabilization, microclimate improvement, soil considerable damage to the gum Arabic producing Acacia trees. Field work was made at an Acacia Senegal plantation of amelioration through nitrogen fixation and a source of the Acacia Project (Elrahad) site, during 2007/08 and 2008/09, firewood and fodder for animals. North Kordofan State. Theobjectives of the study were to Other host plants include trees of the genus Acacia, investigate the factors that influence the tree locust population Balanitesaegyptiaca and Zizyphusspina-christi. Tree movements and distribution. The results showed that, adults of locusts attack the flowers and leaves of fruit trees (mango, the tree locust appeared in the field in May and high populations were recorded during the period from June to citrus, date palm and guavas).
    [Show full text]
  • Song Dissertation
    SYSTEMATICS OF CYRTACANTHACRIDINAE (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) WITH A FOCUS ON THE GENUS SCHISTOCERCA STÅL 1873: EVOLUTION OF LOCUST PHASE POLYPHENISM AND STUDY OF INSECT GENITALIA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hojun Song, M.S. ***** The Ohio State University 2006 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. John W. Wenzel, Advisor Dr. Norman F. Johnson ______________________________ Dr. Johannes S. H. Klompen Advisor Graduate Program in Entomology Copyright by Hojun Song 2006 ABSTRACT The systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is investigated to study the evolution of locust phase polyphenism, biogeography, and the evolution of male genitalia. In Chapter Two, I present a comprehensive taxonomic synopsis of the genus Schistocerca Stål. I review the taxonomic history, include an identification key to species, revise the species concepts of six species and describe a new species. In Chapter Three, I present a morphological phylogeny of Schistocerca, focusing on the biogeography. The phylogeny places the desert locust S. gregaria deep within the New World clade, suggesting that the desert locust originated from the New World. In Chapter Four, I review the systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae and present a phylogeny based on morphology. Evolution of taxonomically important characters is investigated using a character optimization analysis. The biogeography of the subfamily is also addressed. In Chapter Five, I present a comprehensive review the recent advances in the study of locust phase polyphenism from various disciplines. The review reveals that locust phase polyphenism is a complex phenomenon consisting of numerous density-dependent phenotypically plastic traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect–Plant Biology This Page Intentionally Left Blank Insect–Plant Biology
    Insect–Plant Biology This page intentionally left blank Insect–Plant Biology Second Edition Louis M. Schoonhoven Joop J.A. van Loon Marcel Dicke Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands 1 AC Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2005 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First edition first published 1998 by Chapman & Hall Second edition first published 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Schoonhoven, L.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Short Communication: Seasonal Occurrence of the Tree Locust Anacridium Melanorhodon Melanorhodon on Acacia Senegal in North Kordofan State, Sudan
    TROPICAL DRYLANDS Volume 1, Number 2, December 2017 E-ISSN: 2580-2828 Pages: 65-68 DOI: 10.13057/tropdrylands/t010201 Short Communication: Seasonal occurrence of the tree locust Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon on Acacia Senegal in North Kordofan State, Sudan OMER RAHAMA MOHAMED RAHAMA1, MAGZOUB OMER BASHIR AHMED2,♥, 2 MUTASSIM MOHAMED YASSIN 1Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Sudan 2 Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum. P.O. Box. 32, Khartoum North, Shambat, Sudan, ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 19 July 2017. Revision accepted: 28 August 2017. Abstract. Rahama ORM, Ahmed MOB, Yassin MM. 2017. Seasonal occurrence of the tree locust Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon on Acacia senegal in North Kordofan State, Sudan. Trop Drylands 1: 65-68. The tree locust, Anacridium melanorhodon melanorhodon (Walker, 1870) (Acrididae: Orthoptera) causes sporadic damage mainly to trees. In Sudan, it is called night wanderer because of its nocturnal activity. It is commonly found on the Sudanese western sand plains, causing considerable damage to the gum Arabic producing Acacia trees. Field work was made at an Acacia senegal plantation of the Acacia Project (Elrahad) site, during 2007/08 and 2008/09, North Kordofan State. The objectives of the study were to investigate the factors that influence the tree locust population movements and distribution. The results showed that adults of the tree locust appeared in the field in May and high populations were recorded during the period from June to September reaching the peak (25.00±3.08 per tree) in November. Then the population decreased gradually and disappeared at the end of February.
    [Show full text]
  • EPPO Reporting Service
    ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION OEPP Service d'Information NO. 10 PARIS, 2012-10-01 SOMMAIRE __________________________________________________________________Ravageurs & Maladies 2012/203 - Premier signalement d‟Anthonomus eugenii aux Pays-Bas 2012/204 - Premier signalement d‟Aromia bungii en Italie 2012/205 - Drosophila suzukii continues to spread in Europe 2012/206 - Premier signalement de Drosophila suzukii en Allemagne 2012/207 - Premier signalement de Drosophila suzukii en Croatie 2012/208 - Premier signalement de Drosophila suzukii au Royaume-Uni 2012/209 - Premier signalement de Drosophila suzukii au Portugal 2012/210 - Premier signalement de Drosophila suzukii aux Pays-Bas 2012/211 - Situation de Drosophila suzukii en Belgique 2012/212 - Premier signalement d‟Aculops fuchsiae en Belgique 2012/213 - Premier signalement de Carpomya incompleta en France 2012/214 - Foyers de Bemisia tabaci en Finlande 2012/215 - Actualisation de la situation de Diabrotica virgifera virgifera en République tchèque 2012/216 - Synchytrium endobioticum n‟est plus trouvé en Irlande du Nord, Royaume-Uni 2012/217 - Foyer d‟Anacridium melanorhodon arabafrum au Qatar 2012/218 - Ralstonia solanacearum détectée en République tchèque 2012/219 - Premier signalement de „Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum‟ sur carottes en France, en association avec Trioza apicalis 2012/220 - La présence de „Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri‟ est confirmée en Belgique 2012/221 - „Syndrome
    [Show full text]
  • Desert Locust and Its Management in Nepal: a Review
    Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources (2021) 4(1): 1-28 ISSN: 2661-6270 (Print), ISSN: 2661-6289 (Online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i1.33197 Review Article Desert locust and its management in Nepal: a review Suraj Shrestha1*, Gaurav Thakur1, Jayanti Gautam1, Namoona Acharya1, Meena Pandey2 and Jiban Shrestha3 1Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Prithu Technical College, Dang, Nepal 2Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Paklihawa Campus, Tribhuwan University, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal 3Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National plant Breeding and Genetics Research Centre, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. *Correspondence: [email protected] *ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-0449 Received: September 22, 2020; Accepted: December 19, 2020; Published: January 01, 2021 © Copyright: Shrestha et al. (2021). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. ABSTRACT Locusts are among the most dangerous agricultural pests. They are a group of short horned grasshoppers belonging to Acrididae family and are hemimetabolous insects. This group of grasshoppers have a unique character of changing habits and behaviors when they aggregate in a group and this habit is catalyzed by different environmental factors. In the adult stage, gregarious locusts migrate from one place to another in a swarm. Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forksal), is one of those locusts which cause damage to different types of crop which fly in the direction of wind up to a distance of 150 km. Because of polyphagous feeding habits and swarming in a plague (large group of adults), this pest is considered as the hazardous migratory pest.
    [Show full text]
  • Insects As Food in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Insect Sci. Applic. Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 163–185,Insects 2003 as food in Africa 0191-9040/03 $3.00 + 0.00 163 Printed in Kenya. All rights reserved © 2003 ICIPE REVIEW ARTICLE INSECTS AS FOOD IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA A. VAN HUIS Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, the Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] (Accepted 14 August 2003) Abstract—Data on insects as food in sub-Saharan Africa were collected by reviewing the literature and conducting interviews in a number of African countries. A list of about 250 edible insect species from Africa was compiled. Of these, 78 percent are Lepidoptera (30%), Orthoptera (29%) and Coleoptera (19%), and 22 percent Isoptera, Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera and Odonota. Insects are rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, and a good source of iron and B-vitamins. Examples of insects being toxic are given, but often traditional methods are used to remove the poison. Whether or not insects are eaten depends not only on taste and nutritional value, but also on customs, ethnic preferences or prohibitions. The harvesting of insects is often done by women. The way of collecting depends on insects’ behaviour. For example, inactivity at low temperatures enables easy catching of locusts and grasshoppers in the morning. Night flyers (termites, some grasshoppers) can be lured into traps by light and some insects like palm weevils can be attracted to artificially created breeding sites. Some species (crickets, cicadas) can be located by the sound they make. A number of tools are used to facilitate capturing such as glue, sticks, nets and baskets.
    [Show full text]
  • Grasshoppers of the Mascarene Islands: New Species and New Records (Orthoptera, Caelifera)
    Zootaxa 3900 (3): 399–414 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3900.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:520442A1-0742-46A8-B6ED-021962DCE451 Grasshoppers of the Mascarene Islands: new species and new records (Orthoptera, Caelifera) SYLVAIN HUGEL INCI UPR3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg 5, rue Blaise Pascal F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The grasshopper fauna of Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, Rodrigues and La Réunion), in South Western Indian ocean is examined. Numerous field surveys and examination of museum specimens recorded twenty species of Grasshoppers on the archipelago. Five of them are new records, including a new species: Odontomelus ancestrus n. sp. restricted to Round Island, a 2 km² islet North to Mauritius. Despite intensive searching, five of the non endemic species once recorded on the archipelago have not been recorded again and might correspond to temporary settlements/introductions. A key to Mas- carene grasshoppers is given. Key words: Orthoptera, endemism, island, extinction, Mauritius, Rodrigues, Réunion Introduction Whereas Ensifera, particularly Grylloidea, can display an impressive diversity on remote tropical oceanic islands (Matyot 1998; Otte 1994; Otte and Cowper 2007), Caelifera are usually less represented, but they display a similarly high rate of endemism (e.g. Peck 1996; Zimmerman 1948; Matyot 1998; Hebard 1933; Evenhuis 2007). The Mascarene Archipelago is a group of islands in the South Western Indian Ocean, consisting of Mauritius, Réunion and Rodrigues (Fig. 1). When the grasshopper fauna of Mascarene Islands was last examined, only eight species were recorded, two of them being considered endemic to one of the island (Vinson 1968).
    [Show full text]