The Illuminated River International Design Competition

THE ILLUMINATED RIVER INTERNATIONAL DESIGN COMPETITION

SEARCH STATEMENT © Malcolm Reading Consultants 2016

Malcolm Reading Consultants is an expert consultancy which specialises in managing design competitions to international standards and providing independent, strategic advice to clients with capital projects. With nearly twenty years’ experience of projects, we are enthusiastic advocates of the power of design to create new perceptions and act as an inspiration.

This document has been assembled by Malcolm Reading Consultants from research content and content provided by the Illuminated River Foundation and the Bridge Managers. The combined content is intended for use only in the selection process for the Illuminated River project. All material is provided in good faith but should not be considered as accurate or correct from the point of view of Statutory, Planning or Heritage regulations.

Images: © Luke Hayes / Malcolm Reading Consultants unless otherwise stated malcolmreading.co.uk T +44 (0) 20 7831 2998 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

Contents

Part One 3 Introduction 5 Background 6 The Illuminated River Project: Rationale and Supporters 6 Illuminated River Foundation 8 The Bridges – Albert to Tower 8 The Competition 9 Project Key Objectives 10 Emerging Brief 12 Teams 15 The Bridges and their Context 16 Project Details 34 Jury 36

Part Two 39 Competition Details 40 Anticipated Competition Programme 44 Submission Requirements 45 Evaluation Criteria 48 Appendix 50

1 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

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PART ONE 3 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

View from the International Space Station © Tim Peake 4 IlluminatedIlluminated RiverRiver InternationalInternational DesignDesign CompetitionCompetition //// SearchSearch StatementStatement

Introduction

For more than two millennia, the River Thames has been after dark, allowing the public to freely enjoy it all day-round, integral to London’s evolution, shaping its communities and and all year. The Foundation intends the project to act as an driving its economy. It continues to provide a huge source exemplar, encouraging engagement with the latest green of pleasure for both Londoners and the nearly thirty million technologies. visitors drawn to London each year. Now, with the launch of the Illuminated River International In daylight, the Thames speaks for itself, but on winter Design Competition, the Foundation is searching for an afternoons and at night it fades into a ribbon of darkness. inspired multi-disciplinary design team that can respond London’s natural centrepiece becomes shadowy and to a unique design challenge: to create an elegant and obscure, inhibiting the atmosphere in many of the public charismatic light art installation of world-class quality for spaces surrounding it. London’s celebrated bridges between Albert and Tower.

Yet, with light as a medium for public art fascinating artists This initiative seeks to change the interaction between the and audiences across the world, and with new lighting city and the river for the long-term. For artists and lighting technology dramatically reducing energy consumption designers, engineers, architects and technologists, the and making cities greener, London has the opportunity to project offers the rarest of opportunities – to influence the creatively reclaim the river after dark. look, identity and experience of one of the world’s greatest cities. The Illuminated River is a major new public art initiative for London, supported by a coordinating charity, the Illuminated The competition Jury warmly invites you to submit an River Foundation. The Foundation, in association with the Expression of Interest – the deadline for these is: Mayor of London and other funders, stakeholders and 14:00 BST Thursday July 7th 2016. supporters, aims to reinvigorate the experience of the river

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Background

The Illuminated River Project: Rationale and Supporters The public will be encouraged to give their feedback on Drawing inspiration from the popular success of temporary the shortlisted competition concept designs when these light art installations such as Project Dazzle for London 2012 are exhibited in late autumn 2016; please see competition and the recent Lumiere London light festival, the Illuminated website for updates on this: River will provide London with a new, free attraction focused on 17 of its celebrated and very individual bridges. competitions.malcolmreading.co.uk/illuminatedriver The project is intended to enhance some of the capital’s less well-used public spaces and improve and enliven the The delivery of the project will be phased, with atmosphere of the river on winter afternoons and after dark. implementation expected to begin in 2018. The project is It will take advantage of new, energy-saving technologies; being supported by a broad coalition of urban stakeholders these support London’s move towards low-carbon, including the Mayor of London, the City of London, sustainable and green solutions. Westminster City Council, Transport for London, the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, and Network Rail. Set to be one of the most ambitious public art projects in recent years, the funds for this circa £20m project will The complete list of public and private bodies supporting the be raised, largely from private sources, by the Illuminated project is as follows: River Foundation, backed by the Rothschild Foundation and working in collaboration with other stakeholders. Principal Stakeholders

Strategically, the project will help to sustain London’s • The Illuminated River Foundation momentum as one of the most creative and innovative • Mayor of London global cities. It will provide the opportunity for growing London’s night time economy, bring efficiencies in energy • City of London use and engage local communities through a number of parallel initiatives. • Garden Bridge Trust • Network Rail The Foundation is also keen to involve local apprentices throughout the project. 6 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

• Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Advisory Stakeholders • Transport for London • Better Bankside BID

• Wandsworth Council* • Emergency Services (London Fire Brigade, London Metropolitan Police, City of London Police, London • Westminster City Council Ambulance Service, Royal National Lifeboat *To be confirmed. Institution)

Statutory Stakeholders • London Bridges Engineering Group

• City of London Police • London & Partners • Historic England • Northbank BID • London Borough of Lambeth • River Crossing Co-ordination Group/Cross River Partnership • London Borough of Southwark • South Bank BID • London Borough of Tower Hamlets • Team London Bridge BID • Metropolitan Police • Port of London Authority • Thames Tideway Tunnel

Note: all Principal Stakeholders (with the exception of the Illuminated River Foundation) are also Statutory Stakeholders.

7 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

Illuminated River Foundation The Bridges – Albert to Tower The Illuminated River Foundation was established in 2016 From the first London Bridge of the eponymous nursery to procure and oversee the Illuminated River project. The rhyme to the spectacular Millennium Bridge, the Thames’ charity’s core project is the creation of public art through bridges are recognised the world over. An essential part of light on London’s bridges (illuminatedriver.london). The London’s heritage, they speak of moments of great civic Foundation’s mission is to celebrate London’s famous river connection and stand as monuments to generations of and encourage greater appreciation of its public spaces. dedicated engineers, architects and planners.

The Foundation will liaise closely with multiple stakeholders Many are icons in their own right (such as Tower Bridge) to help realise the project. Following the conclusion of the and are enjoyed today by millions of visitors and citizens. No competition, the Foundation will undertake detailed design longer taken for granted, they are now being foregrounded work, development of specifications, and preparation of as part of wider continuing improvements to access and documents in conjunction with the winning team. This will animate the Thames and its embankments. include gaining the relevant permissions so that a fully realisable lighting scheme may be subsequently passed to The Illuminated River project covers all the road, rail and those organisations with responsibility for the bridges. pedestrian bridges crossing the River Thames from Albert to Tower Bridge, and also includes the planned Nine Elms The Foundation will raise funds to cover the costs of and Garden Bridges. Conceiving a masterplan design implementing the lighting scheme, and these funds for all 17 bridges, which can respond to the unique and will be granted, along with the design, to the relevant individual characteristics of each bridge, is at the core of the organisations. In parallel, the charity will work to engage the competition’s creative challenge. public in the initiative and the concepts behind it through a variety of education and engagement activities, please The history and context of each bridge covered by the see the Foundation’s website for details as these are competition is included later in this document, in the section announced: illuminatedriver.london. The Bridges and their Contexts on page 16.

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The Competition

The Illuminated River International Design Competition, to this Search Statement. Stage Two will be the Invitation launching in June 2016, is being run in accordance with to Tender. In line with EU procurement regulations, the EU procurement guidelines and the Public Contracts Invitation to Tender document (the Competition Conditions) Regulations 2015. This competition has been advertised in has been provided for information only at this stage. the Official Journal of the European Union (OJEU). The deadline for Expressions of Interest is The Foundation encourages innovative collaborations where 14:00 BST Thursday July 7th 2016. To enter, competitors these meet the requirement of the brief, as set down in this will need to fill out and upload relevant information to the document. Details of the distinguished competition Jury are online form: given on page 36. competitions.malcolmreading.co.uk/illuminatedriver/enter At this first stage, Expressions of Interest are sought. At the second stage, a shortlist of at least five multi-disciplinary The independent competition organiser, Malcolm Reading creative teams (who may include artists, lighting designers, Consultants (MRC), has nearly 20 years’ experience of engineers, architects, technologists and others) will be running high-profile international open competitions. The asked to come up with a masterplan design for all of the consultancy’s portfolio includes competitions for the gold 17 road, rail and pedestrian bridges between Albert and medal-winning UK Pavilions at Shanghai Expo 2010 and Tower, along with concept designs for Westminster Bridge, Milan Expo 2015, the Guggenheim Helsinki, the Natural Waterloo Bridge, London Bridge and Chelsea Bridge. History Museum, the Victoria & Albert Museum, King’s Cross Square and Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park’s Culture For the avoidance of doubt, this stage constitutes Stage and Education Quarter. One of the competition, where competitors are asked to submit a completed Pre-Qualification Questionnaire and Further details of the competition and timetable can be other supporting information (see page 45) in response found in Part 2.

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Project Key Objectives

Create an elegant and charismatic light art installation Practical and technical priorities: of world-class quality for London’s most celebrated bridges. The design needs to:

Strategic priorities: • Create spectacle across the bridges for future events, such as national holidays, celebrations and The design needs to: memorials. To do this, the bridges should be controllable independently, within sub-groups, or • Display outstanding aesthetic quality. centrally (with prior agreement of the bridge owners).

• Show innovation and incorporate new, • Have an expected lifespan of 25 years. energy-saving green technologies – and interactivity where possible. • Create a multi-level experience of the design as viewed by pedestrians on the bridges, from London’s • Improve and enliven the atmosphere of the river after riverbanks, from the air, from tall buildings and by dark, increasing visitor dwell times in the area. river boat.

• Be economic to install and maintain. • Address and respect the diverse natural environment and wildlife habitats in the river generally, and around • Show an awareness of the heritage significance the bridges specifically. of the bridges and their setting, as well as engaging with contemporary themes. • Be mindful of access over, and navigation under, the bridges. • Propose an approach for all the bridges while responding to the individual and unique • Carefully consider the proximity of residential characteristics of each bridge. developments to the bridges.

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• Avoid creating pinch-points where visitors might crowd bridges.

• Consider existing architectural lighting infrastructure – or places where operational and architectural lighting are the same (e.g. Millennium Bridge) – to avoid wasteful duplication and replacement, upgrading as appropriate.

• Take account of public safety and accessibility, ensuring the appropriate technical, environmental and safety standards are met.

• Require the least possible intrusion into the fabric of the structure; minimise the likelihood of vandalism; ensure ongoing maintainability without the need for difficult or onerous access arrangements.

IlluminatedIlluminated RiverRiver InternationalInternational DesignDesign CompetitionCompetition //// SearchSearch StatementStatement

Emerging Brief

This ambitious initiative, supported by the Mayor of London The Competition Brief has two aspects. First, a masterplan and directed by the Illuminated River Foundation, seeks to design for the 17 main road, rail and pedestrian bridges change the interaction between the city and the river for the between Albert Bridge and Tower Bridge (including the long-term, re-energising the river and its environs and proposed Nine Elms Bridge and Garden Bridge). drawing visitors to it in the hours of darkness. The project comes at a moment when more and more international Secondly, a concept design for a lighting scheme for artists are exploring and experimenting with light as a London Bridge, Waterloo Bridge, Westminster Bridge and medium for powerful public art and LED technology is Chelsea Bridge, which responds to the individual and unique rapidly evolving. characteristics of each bridge.

We will be looking for multi-disciplinary creative teams with The winning design team will be offered the commission artistic vision and lighting expertise who can deliver this to provide the detailed design of the bridge installation (up fascinating project to deadline and within budget. While we to RIBA Stage 4) by the Foundation. The bridge owners will are open-minded about team composition, we encourage assume responsibility for project delivery, and the project interesting collaborations between artists, lighting may be phased. The intention is that the winning team will designers, architects, engineers, and technologists. be retained to ensure design quality in delivery.

The teams should be structured under a lead consultant, Note: the emphasis of the project is on the architectural identified within the submission. Additional skills may be lighting of the bridge structures only. The scope does proposed in your submission as necessary. not include the operational lighting of the bridges (e.g. navigation or railway lighting).

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There are broadly three categories of bridges:

1) Those with operational lighting only at present. The aim of this project is to add an architectural lighting scheme to these bridges.

2) Those with a separate operational and architectural lighting system. The aim of this project is to update or alter the existing architectural lighting system, or retain where appropriate.

3) Those where architectural and operational lighting (other than navigation) are integrated. These bridges should be treated on a case-by-case basis, with the lighting design updated or retained where appropriate.

Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

Blackfriars Bridge Blackfriars

Millennium Bridge Millennium

Garden Bridge Rail Blackfriars Bridge Southwark

Cannon Street Rail Street Cannon Waterloo Bridge Bridge London

Hungerford and Golden Jubilee Bridges Tower Bridge Bridge Tower

Westminster Bridge

Lambeth Bridge

Nine Elms Bridge

Chelsea Bridge Grosvenor Rail Grosvenor KEY

City of London/Bridge House Trust

Albert Bridge Westminster City Council

Transport for London (TfL) Vauxhall Bridge Royal Borough of Kensignton and Chelsea

Network Rail

Proposed (ownership TBC)

Teams

The Foundation is seeking a team: welcomes Expressions of Interest from competitors with a diverse range of backgrounds, who meet the requirements • who can demonstrate outstanding artistic and of the brief. creative ability; The Foundation encourages the inclusion of emerging talent • appropriate in size and skills for the project; (SMEs) in the team.

• who will understand and acknowledge the national, Sub-consultant companies may enter with more than one historic, civic and cultural importance of the bridges; team if they wish to do so. However, the same individual within a company should not participate in more than one • with a keen eye for detail, from the micro to the entry. Companies who intend to sub-consult on a number of macro scale; teams should propose the inclusion of different individuals from their organisation for each separate team. This is to • with an understanding and experience of the prevent a conflict of interest at the shortlisting stage in the full project lifecycle, including buildability and future event of a sub-consultant being shortlisted with more than maintenance; one team. Individual firms, including those with multiple offices, may not lead more than one design team bid. • with experience of consultation with multiple statutory and community stakeholders; Please note: The Foundation reserves the right to determine the final composition of the design team • who can support fundraising initiatives. appointed as the winner, and this may include the appointment of sub-consultants that are not suggested Proposed teams should be organised under a lead designer. within the competitor’s bid. For the avoidance of doubt, this The Foundation believes that this lead designer is likely to is to ensure the correct mix of skills and expertise and will be an artist, lighting designer, engineer and/or architect, but not be imposed unreasonably.

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The Bridges and their Context

The Illuminated River project covers the road, rail and pedestrian bridges of the River Thames from Albert Bridge to Tower Bridge. The current structures span three centuries, from the Grosvenor Bridge (1860) to Golden Jubilee Footbridges and Millennium Bridge (2002), to the planned Garden and Nine Elms Bridges.

The 17 bridges include: Albert Bridge, Chelsea Bridge, Grosvenor Railway Bridge, Nine Elms (planned), Vauxhall Bridge, Lambeth Bridge, Westminster Bridge, Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Footbridges, Waterloo Bridge, Garden Bridge (planned), Blackfriars Bridge, Blackfriars Railway Bridge, Millennium Footbridge, Southwark Bridge, Cannon Street Railway Bridge, London Bridge and Tower Bridge.

A brief summary of the history and context of each bridge follows.

IlluminatedAlbert River International BridgeDesign Competition // Search Statement

History Albert Bridge was first proposed in 1860 by Prince Albert as a tollbridge between the congested Victoria (now Chelsea) Bridge and dilapidated Battersea Bridge.

Albert Bridge is the only surviving example of a significant bridge built using the Ordish-Lefeuvre principle, a variation on the conventional suspension bridge where inclined stays support a proportion of the bridge’s load.

The bridge was nicknamed ‘the trembling lady’ due to its tendency to vibrate when large numbers of people walked over it; signs remain at the entrances to warn troops to break step. The original bridge was stabilised by Sir Joseph Bazelgette in 1884 by incorporating steel chains – design elements of a conventional suspension Date of Completion 1873 bridge. The Greater London Council added two

Designer(s) Roland Mason Ordish concrete pillars to support the central section of the bridge in 1972. Listing Grade II* Owner Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Today, the bridge has the only surviving Span 216 metres in length and 12 metres in width1 examples of bridge tollbooths in London. It is painted light blue and green with small pink Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian roses on the balustrades. The bridge’s rods and Geographical Context Chelsea (north); Battersea (south) chains are currently adorned with 4,000 lights.

Structure Hybrid suspension bridge with concrete-filled cylindrical cast iron 1 All measurements are approximate, as taken from towers, cast iron beams, steel rods and a wooden deck London’s Bridges: Crossing the Royal River, Ian Pay, Sampson Lloyd, Keith Waldegrave/(2009).

17 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Chelsea Bridge

History Originally known as Victoria Bridge, the current Chelsea Bridge is a replacement for the original structure which was completed in 1858 and demolished in 1935.

The new structure, opened in 1937, was stronger and wider than the original and exclusively used materials sourced from Great Britain and her empire. The completed bridge was the first of its type – a self-anchored suspension bridge – to be built in Britain.

The bridge is currently painted red, with blue balustrades, and is decorated with heraldic work-with golden galleons and coats of arms on the concrete posts at each end of the bridge. The cables and towers on the bridge are studded with funfair-style lights. Date of Completion 1937

Designer(s) George Topham Forrest and E. P. Wheeler Listing Grade II Owner Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Span 213 metres in length and 25 metres in width Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Geographical Context Ranelagh Gardens and Royal Hospital (north); Battersea Park (south) Structure Self-anchored steel suspension bridge

GrosvenorIlluminated River International Railway Design Competition //Bridge Search Statement

History Sometimes referred to as Victoria Bridge, Grosvenor Bridge carries trains across the river to and from Victoria station. The bridge was named for the Grosvenor family – owners of large amounts of land in and around Victoria.

The original bridge, designed by Sir John Fowler, opened in 1860 and was a four-span wrought- iron structure, with four sets of tracks. A second bridge, designed by Sir Charles Fox to match the first bridge, opened adjacent to the original bridge in 1866. In 1907, a third bridge was constructed to allow Grosvenor Bridge to cope with increasing amounts of rail traffic.

© LatitudeStock / Alamy Stock Photo The bridges were renovated in 1963–67 by Freeman Fox & Partners. The foundations were extended, the original piers encased in concrete, Date of Completion 1967 the spans replaced with ten steel spans, and a

Designer(s) Sir Charles Fox tenth track added.

Listing Not applicable To avoid disrupting traffic, the bridge was rebuilt Owner Network Rail with a separate span for each track, in effect Span 213 metres in length and 70 metres creating ten separate bridges, each carrying one line. Usage Rail Geographical Context Royal Hospital Chelsea (north); Battersea Park (south) Grosvenor Railway Bridge was the first railway Structure Quadruple wrought-iron span railway bridge bridge to be built across the Thames and is today the busiest railway bridge.

19 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Nine Elms Bridge

History The Nine Elms Bridge is a proposed pedestrian and cycle bridge connecting Nine Elms on the south bank to Pimlico on the north bank.

The bridge is currently in the detailed design phase, after which a planning application will be made to the relevant planning authorities, Wandsworth and Westminster Councils.

Chosen through an international design competition in 2015, the new bridge is designed by a team led by Bystrup Architecture, Design and Engineering of Denmark.

Image Credit: Bystrup Architecture, Design and Engineering

Date of Completion Planned

Designer(s) Bystrup Architecture, Design and Engineering Listing Not applicable Owner London Borough of Wandsworth Span Not yet determined Usage Bicycle, Pedestrian Geographical Context Pimlico (north); Nine Elms (south) Structure The winning competition entry shows two slender cylindrical concrete masts supporting a suspended concrete deck with steel rods.

20 IlluminatedVauxhall River International Design Bridge Competition // Search Statement

History The first Vauxhall Bridge, designed by James Walker, was built in 1816 as a toll bridge. It was bought by the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1877 and made a free crossing. The central piers of the bridge were removed in 1877 to help the passage of river traffic. The remaining piers were made unstable by the river’s scouring effect, and the bridge was considered liable to collapse. The bridge was replaced with the current structure in 1906.

The bridge is currently painted dark red and orange, and features eight bronze female statues (facing outwards on the abutments) by Frederick William Pomeroy, which are illuminated at night. The upstream statues represent pottery, engineering, architecture, and agriculture, and the downstream statues Date of Completion 1906 represent science, fine arts, local government, Designer(s) Sir Alexander Binnie and Sir Maurice Fitzmaurice and education.

Listing Grade II* Vauxhall Bridge was the first bridge to carry Owner Transport for London trams across the Thames, and now forms part of

Span 247 metres in length and 24 metres in width the route of Cycle Superhighway 5.

Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian It is one of the busiest road traffic bridges in Geographical Context Pimlico, Wandsworth (north); Vauxhall Cross, Nine Elms,Kennington (south) London, carrying in excess of 50,000 vehicles a day. Structure Five steel arches built on intermediate supports of granite

21 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Lambeth Bridge

History The river was forded at the site of Lambeth Bridge by the Romans as early as AD 48. The original Lambeth Bridge, designed by Peter William Barlow, opened in 1862. By the late 1880s the bridge was deemed unsafe, with one of the piers noticeably tilting, and the iron structure rusting. The bridge was ultimately replaced in 1932.

The bridge is decorated with ornamental balustrades, lamp columns in cast iron, and granite obelisks at either end which are surrounded by stone pinecones. The structure, painted the same shade of red as the leather benches in the House of Lords, was strengthened in 1997.

Date of Completion 1932

Designer(s) Sir Reginald Blomfield, George Topham Forrest, Sir George Humphreys

Listing Grade II

Owner Transport for London

Span 236.5 metres in length and 18.3 metres in width Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Geographical Context Victoria Palace Gardens (north); Albert Embankment (south) Structure Five span steel arch bridge in granite-faced reinforced concrete piers

22 WestminsterIlluminated River International Design Competition Bridge // Search Statement

History The current bridge replaced the older 1750 bridge, which was designed by Swiss engineer Charles Labekye. The earlier bridge – which (fearing loss of ferry traffic and trade) met fierce opposition from the Church, the City and the watermen when it was first proposed – began to show signs of decay by 1831.

The first stone bridge over the Thames in 500 years, Westminster Bridge took almost twelve years to build and was met with considerable technical difficulties.

Despite its popularity, the purely lit bridge was not considered safe, had a tendency to sway, and, despite repairs, gradually fell apart. The bridge was replaced by the current Westminster Bridge on a site just to the east of the old bridge. Date of Completion 1862

Designer(s) Thomas Page and Sir Charles Barry Designed by Thomas Page and Sir Charles Barry, the new bridge opened with a 25-gun salute Listing Grade II* in 1862. The bridge is painted predominantly Owner Transport for London green, the same colour as the leather seats in

Span 252 metres in length and 26 metres in width the nearby House of Commons. The bridge was strengthened in 1997, and refurbished between Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian 2005–2010. Geographical Context Palace of Westminster (World Heritage Site) (north); London Eye (south) Structure Seven elliptical cast iron arches on, and interrupted by, granite piers

23 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Hungerford Bridge & Golden Jubilee Footbridges

History Originally a single pedestrian bridge, today the Hungerford Bridge consists of three separate bridges: the rail bridge and two pedestrian footbridges. The rail bridge carries passengers in and out of Charing Cross station.

The original structure for the Hungerford Bridge was a suspension bridge designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, which opened in 1845. The bridge was purchased by the South Eastern Railway Company in 1859 and replaced by a railway bridge, designed by Sir John Hawkshaw, in 1864. The bridge was widened to accommodate additional railway tracks in 1886, and two pedestrian walkways were added. One of these walkways was subsequently removed to allow further railway tracks, and the remaining footbridge gained a reputation for being narrow, Date of Completion 2002 dilapidated and dangerous.

Designer(s) Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands To address these problems, two new Listing Not applicable footbridges were designed by architects Owner Westminster City Council Lifschutz Davidson Sandilands and engineers WSP. The footbridges, named in honour of the Span 366 metres in length and c.25 metres in width (Hungerford) th 325 metres in length and 4 metres in width (Golden Jubilees) 50 anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’s accession, have won a number of awards and have the Usage Rail and Pedestrian added benefit of strengthening the existing rail Geographical Context Embankment Station (north); Southbank Centre (south) bridge. Structure Twin painted steel cabled-stay footbridges on reinforced concrete piers with additional supports linked to the adjacent eight-track railway

24 IlluminatedWaterloo River International Design Bridge Competition // Search Statement

History The original bridge, designed by John Rennie the Elder, was opened by the Prince Regent in 1817. The bridge was named to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo.

The bridge fell into disrepair by the mid-1880s, the foundations damaged by the increased tidal scour caused by the removal of the old London Bridge. The piers of Waterloo Bridge were reinforced between 1882 and 1884 and attempts were made up to 1923 to save the ailing bridge, but it was ultimately closed in 1924.

London County Council commissioned Sir Giles Gilbert Scott to design the new bridge, which opened in 1945. As women were employed to complete the construction in the absence of Date of Completion 1945 male labour during WWII, Waterloo Bridge is Designer(s) Sir Giles Gilbert Scott known colloquially as the ‘Ladies’ Bridge’. Two of John Rennie’s Doric columns from Listing Grade II* the original Waterloo Bridge are retained in Owner Westminster City Council the southern abutment. The bridge is the

Span 375 metres in length and 24 metres in width longest bridge in London, and was the first to incorporate electric lights. Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Geographical Context Somerset House (north); National Theatre, Royal Festival Hall (south) Structure Two parallel banks of five arches, tied together with reinforced concrete beams with Portland stone cladding

25 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Garden Bridge

History The Garden Bridge is a new 366m-long footbridge that will stretch across the River Thames, from the top of Temple underground station on the north bank to the Southbank Centre on the south.

Designed by Thomas Heatherwick, Dan Pearson and Arup, the bridge is conceived as a garden suspended over the river, held up on two copper-nickel clad piers that fan out and link together to create the crossing.

Date of Completion 2018 (planned) Designer(s) Thomas Heatherwick Listing Not applicable Owner Garden Bridge Trust

Span 366 metres in length and 30 metres in width Usage Pedestrians Geographical Context Temple, Somerset House (north); Southbank Centre (south) Structure Two copper-nickel clad piers, supporting a crossing adorned with a garden

26 IlluminatedBlackfriars River International Design Bridge Competition // Search Statement

History The current Blackfriars Bridge replaced the original structure, which was designed by Robert Mylne and opened in 1769. The tollbooths which originally operated on the bridge were destroyed in the Gordon Riots of 1780.

The bridge underwent extensive repairs between 1833 and 1840, before it was demolished in favour of a new bridge – the current structure. The bridge was widened in 1910 to allow trams to use the bridge and to accommodate the high volume of traffic, and later the north-south Cycle Superhighway 6, which was completed in May 2016.

The bridge is painted red, white and gold, with gold emblems fixed into the supports. Said to Date of Completion 1869 be the tidal turning point, sculptures of sea birds Designer(s) Joseph Cubitt adorn the east side of the bridge (downstream), with freshwater bird sculptures on the west Listing Grade II (upstream). Owner Bridge House Estates

Span 293 metres in length and 32 metres in width Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Geographical Context Blackfriars Rail Station (north); Tate Modern (south) Structure Five elliptical wrought-iron arches with granite piers and stone balustrades and decorative ironwork faces

27 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Blackfriars Railway Bridge

History The original Blackfriars Railway Bridge was designed by Joseph Cubitt, alongside his design for the Blackfriars road bridge. Designed to carry four sets of railway tracks, it quickly became apparent it was unable to cope with increasing rail traffic.

To address these problems, another rail bridge was constructed a few metres downstream from the original bridge. The designer W Mills was assisted by John Wolfe Barry and Henri Marc Brunel. This bridge, a five-span, wrought- iron arched ribbed bridge opened in 1886 and carried seven railway tracks.

The original Cubitt bridge was dismantled in 1984 after it was judged too weak to carry the weight of modern trains. The ornate Date of Completion 1886 Romanesque columns, however, remain in the Designer(s) W Mills river today, between the current rail bridge and Blackfriars road bridge. Listing Not applicable

Owner Network Rail The platform at Blackfriars Railway Station

Span 284 metres in length and 32 metres in width was extended across the bridge as part of the Thameslink Programme. The design by Will Usage Rail Alsop includes a roof with photovoltaic solar Geographical Context Blackfriars Railway Station (north and south) panels, sun pipes and a rain water collection system. Structure Five-span, wrought-iron arched ribbed bridge

28 MillenniumIlluminated River International FootbridgeDesign Competition // Search Statement

History The Millennium Bridge, completed in 2002, was the first new pedestrian bridge across the river in central London since Tower Bridge was constructed in 1894.

The bridge is unusually shallow, specifically designed to achieve spectacular views of St Paul’s and Tate Modern. The supporting cables are positioned below the deck.

The bridge was dedicated by Queen Elizabeth II and originally opened in 2000. The sheer volume of pedestrian traffic on the bridge on opening day (90,000 people) caused an unexpected swaying motion, causing the bridge to be nicknamed ‘Wobbly’.

This problem was fixed by the retrofitting of 37 Date of Completion 2002 fluid-viscous (energy dissipating) dampers to Designer(s) Arup, Foster + Partners, Sir Anthony Caro control horizontal movement and 52 tuned mass (inertial) dampers to control vertical movement. Listing Not applicable The bridge reopened on 22 February 2002 and Owner Bridge House Estates has not been subject to significant vibration

Span 325 metres in length and 5 metres in width since. Usage Pedestrian Geographical Context St Paul’s Cathedral (north); Tate Modern,Globe Theatre (south) Structure Stressed cable steel suspension bridge on concrete piers with an aluminium deck

29 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement Southwark Bridge

History The original Southwark Bridge was completed in 1819 – the opening was held at midnight to publicise its new style of lighting. It was the largest cast iron structure of its era. The bridge was underused and lacked the strength to carry heavy goods vehicles.

Bridge House Estates, which eventually bought the structure from the failing Southwark Bridge Company, determined a new crossing was required. The original bridge was demolished and the new bridge opened in 1921, after significant construction delays during WWl.

Southwark Bridge is painted green and yellow, with sentry box-like structures on the turreted pier headings. The arches and piers are directly aligned with Blackfriars Bridge to ease the flow Date of Completion 1921 of the river, reducing the risk of cross-currents. Designer(s) Sir Ernest George and Basil Mott

Listing Grade II Owner Bridge House Estates

Span 244 metres in length and 17 metres in width Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Geographical Context City of London (north); Tate Modern, Globe Theatre (south) Structure Cast iron arches with abutments and piers of grey granite

30 CannonIlluminated River International Street Design Competition Bridge // Search Statement

History The original Cannon Street Railway Bridge was designed by Sir John Hawkshaw and opened in 1866. It was officially named the Alexandra Bridge in honour of Princess Alexandra of Denmark, wife of Edward, Prince of Wales.

The original bridge incorporated two footpaths, one of which was a public tollpath and the other used exclusively by railway employees. The footpaths were removed in 1893, when the bridge was widened and strengthened by adding four extra cast-iron cyclinders to the upstream side of each piers.

The bridge has been rebuilt twice. It was badly damaged in the Second World War and repaired in the 1960s. It was rebuilt again in 1981 by British Rail. It now carries ten sets of rail tracks. Date of Completion 1982 Designer(s) British Railways

Listing Not applicable Owner Network Rail

Span 244 metres in length and 17 metres in width Usage Rail Geographical Context City of London (north); Tate Modern, Globe Theatre (south) Structure Cast iron arches with abutments and piers of grey granite

Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement London Bridge

History London Bridge has existed on its site in various forms for over 2,000 years, from its Roman origins in AD 52 to its modern day 1973 incarnation.

The first stone bridge on the site was completed in 1209 and stood for over 600 years. This bridge was supported by 19 arches and a drawbridge, with a gatehouse on each end and a chapel dedicated to Thomas Becket in the centre. The bridge contained numerous houses and shops – some as high as six storeys – and was so heavily populated that it became a ward of the city.

All of the buildings were removed by 1763, and by the end of the 18th century it was apparent that London Bridge needed to be replaced. John Date of Completion 1973 Rennie won the subsequent competition with Designer(s) William Holford and Partners a conventional design of five stone arches – his son completed the work after his death. Listing Not applicable Owner Bridge House Estates Under the pressure of 20th century traffic,

Span 262 metres in length and 32 metres in width the bridge began to sink at one end in the 1960s. The structure was sold in 1968 to Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian Missourian entrepreneur Robert P. McCulloch Geographical Context City of London (north); London Bridge Station, the Shard (south) for US$2,460,000 and reconstructed in Lake Structure Three section pre-stressed concrete box girder bridge on granite piers Havasu City, Arizona.

The current bridge is a pre-stressed concrete structure. Both the road and the pavement can be heated during winter. 32 IlluminatedTower River International DesignBridge Competition // Search Statement

History Tower Bridge is one of the most easily recognisable landmarks in London. Opened in 1894 by the Prince of Wales, its distinctive design features two bascules which each weight over 1,000 tons and are counterbalanced by a 422-ton iron and lead weight.

A competition was held for its design, which was eventually won by Sir Horace Jones. Jones died during the construction of the bridge, and the responsibility for finishing the project was transferred to the chief engineer Sir John Wolfe Barry.

The high walkways were originally intended for pedestrian traffic during the times when the bridge was raised, however they proved unpopular and were closed in 1910. They now Date of Completion 1894 form part of the Tower Bridge Exhibition (opened Designer(s) Sir Horace Jones and Sir John Wolfe Barry in 1982).

Listing Grade I The bridge was modernised in 1974 and the Owner Bridge House Estates operating mechanism was largely replaced by

Span 244 metres in length and 18.3 metres in width a new electro-hydraulic drive system. In 2000, a computer system was installed to control the Usage Vehicles, Bicycles, Pedestrian raising and lowering of the bascules. Geographical Context Tower of London (World Heritage Site) (north); City Hall (south) Structure Stone clad towers supporting wrought iron central bascules and tied together at high level with walkways with suspension supports

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Project Details

Procurement Project Governance Following the competition, the winning design team will Competitors should be aware that the project will require be commissioned by the Illuminated River Foundation to negotiation and engagement with a large number of develop their design to RIBA Stage 4. Collaborations, as stakeholders. Please refer to the list on pages 6-7. detailed on page 12, are encouraged should you feel this would be beneficial in meeting this requirement. The project will be delivered under the guidance of three distinct advisory groups: It is anticipated that the appointed design team will act as the Principal Designer under the Construction and Design Steering Group Management Regulations 2015, for the duration of the work Each of the Principal Stakeholders is represented on the required to reach RIBA Stage 4. Steering Group, with membership also including a number of key Statutory and Advisory Stakeholders. The Steering Following the detailed design stage, the design package Group exists to ensure that the project proceeds to plan, will be transferred to the individual bridge owners who will and to advise the Illuminated River Foundation on any independently procure a contractor to deliver the design. emerging issues or opportunities that should be considered. A Steering Group will retain oversight of the design. It is the intention that the project will be implemented by the individual bridge owners, with the selected design team retained to ensure design quality in the project delivery.

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Bridge Managers Group Anticipated Project Dates The Bridge Managers Group includes representatives with Following successful completion of the Illuminated River technical or managerial oversight of the bridges involved in International Design Competition in December 2016, the the project. The Group exists to advise the Illuminated River winning design will be developed to RIBA Stage 4, with Foundation on practical or technical issues relating to the relevant permissions secured over 9 -12 months in 2017. project. Implementation of the first phase of the project (anticipated Communications Group to comprise up to eight bridges between Westminster and The Communications Group’s membership is drawn Tower, but subject to change depending on planned work from communications departments within the various schedules to the bridges and other relevant river works) will Stakeholder organisations. Its role is to advise the take place in 2018. Implementation of the second phase Illuminated River Foundation on external communication and comprising the remaining bridges is likely to take place engagement, and to support the central strategy in this area during 2019-20. by delivering the communications plan via all Stakeholders.

Budget The total project costs are estimated to be £20 million (including fees, VAT and associated costs). This is anticipated to be spread over a period extending to 2020. The expected costs through to detailed design (Q4 end 2017) are estimated at circa £2.5 million.

35 IlluminatedIlluminated River River International International Design Design Competition Competition // Search // Search Statement Statement

Jury

The first stage submissions (Pre-Qualification Questionnaire) Confirmed members of the Jury are as follows: will be reviewed by a Shortlisting Committee comprised of a subset of the Jury and the Foundation’s other advisers. Lord Rothschild, OM GBE Chairman of RIT Capital Partners plc, Chairman of the Rothschild Foundation, philanthropist, The Jury will review the second stage (Tender) submissions notably in the arts, and the Rothschild family member and interview the shortlisted practices to determine a responsible for Waddesdon Manor winner of the competition. The Jury will be formed of representatives of the Foundation, their external advisers, Hannah Rothschild Chair, Illuminated River Foundation and independent members. Malcolm Reading (Professional Chair) Architect and At the second stage of the competition, the Jury will Competition Director be advised by the Supporting Panel, who will conduct a technical review of the submissions. The Supporting Panel Professor Ricky Burdett Professor of Urban Studies and will be comprised of internal and external advisers to the director of LSE Cities and the Urban Age Programme Foundation. Lucy Musgrave Director, Publica MRC will act as the competition secretariat. Ralph Rugoff Director, Hayward Gallery

Justine Simons OBE Head of Culture, City Hall, London

The Foundation reserves the right, if appropriate, to add further members to the Jury during the course of the competition. These will be advertised on the competition website.

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PART TWO 39 IlluminatedIlluminated RiverRiver InternationalInternational DesignDesign CompetitionCompetition //// SearchSearch StatementStatement

Competition Details

Competition Management An honorarium of £15,000 will be awarded to each of the Malcolm Reading Consultants (MRC), an independent shortlisted teams following the selection of the winner. expert organiser of design competitions with nearly twenty years’ experience, will lead and administer a two-stage The Competition Process competition on behalf of the Foundation. This competition is being run under the Restricted Procedure in accordance with EU procurement guidelines The two-stage design competition is comprised of: and the Public Contracts Regulations 2015. In line with these guidelines, the Tender Brief document has been Stage One: provided for information only at this stage. Competitors This is an international call for participation that is aimed at are not asked to respond in any way to the Tender Brief attracting technically competent and professional teams document at this stage of the competition. to register their interest in the project, as described in this document. A shortlist of at least five teams will be selected This competition has been advertised in the Official Journal to move to Stage Two. Successful and unsuccessful teams of the European Union (OJEU). will be contacted by MRC prior to the commencement of Stage Two. Deadline for Expressions of Interest Expressions of Interest will be received up to Stage Two: 14.00 BST on Thursday 7th July 2016. The shortlisted teams will be asked to produce a concept design. A comprehensive brief will be issued to these Please ensure that your submission is submitted no later teams, as well as detailed information about the sites and than the appointed time. The Foundation will not consider structures. A Supporting Panel will review the entries and your submission if it is received after the deadline. a final Jury will conduct interviews prior to a winner being announced.

40 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

How to Submit Please note that telephone enquiries will not be accepted, Submissions for the first stage of this competition will and the latest date for submitting enquiries is be received electronically via the upload form on the 14:00 BST Wednesday 29th June 2016. competition website: Conflict of Interest competitions.malcolmreading.co.uk/illuminatedriver/enter Competitors should declare any actual or potential conflict of interest concerning the commercial, financial or other Please note the form will close automatically after the interests of the Foundation, the Mayor of London or any deadline on 14.00 BST on Thursday 7th July 2016. It will member of the competition Jury which may compromise not be possible to accept entries after the deadline. the conduct of this procurement exercise and/or the performance of the contract. Questions All enquiries relating to the competition should be If competitors are satisfied that there are no such conflicts addressed to Malcolm Reading Consultants, the of interest they must answer ‘no’ to the relevant question independent competition organisers appointed to manage of the Pre-Qualification Questionnaire. the process. During the competition, no contact should be made with the Foundation, the Mayor of London or The Foundation reserves the right to reject responses from any of the Bridge Owners directly. Failure to comply with applicants where a conflict of interest is viewed as affecting this restriction may compromise your position within the either or both the conduct of this procurement competition competition. or the performance of the contract. Competitors are under a continuing obligation to notify the competition organisers, Questions should be emailed to: MRC, if circumstances change during this procurement [email protected] process and any statements given during this procurement process become untrue. A question and answer (Q&A) log will be compiled and uploaded to the website on a weekly basis.

41 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

No employee or family member of an employee of the Insurance Foundation, the Mayor of London or any member of the The Foundation and Malcolm Reading Consultants will competition Jury is permitted to enter the competition. take reasonable steps to protect and care for entries but neither organisation will insure the proposals at any time. Permissions Competitors are urged to maintain a complete record of The Foundation reserves the right to make use of all their full entries and be able to make this available at any presentation materials submitted in any future publication time should adverse circumstances require this. about the competition, exhibition or website. Any use will be properly credited to the competitor and the competitor Deviations warrants that the material submitted comprises solely their Only submissions that meet the basic criteria of entry will own work or that of any member of a team submitting a be considered. Additional information or supplementary response. This non-exclusive licence is irrevocable, shall material, unless specifically called for in subsequent survive the competitor’s exit from the tendering process, communication, will not be considered by the assessors. and is royalty-free. Amendments to the Search Statement Language The Foundation may, at any time prior to the submission The official language of the competition is English. date, issue notifications to clarify points made in this Search All entries must be in English, including all additional Statement document, and MRC shall notify all competitors information. of any such amendments. If MRC issues any such clarifications to competitors during the first stage of the Financial data competition to clarify the interpretation to be placed on part Any financial data provided must be submitted in, or of the documents or to make any changes to them, such converted into, pounds sterling. Where official documents clarifications will form part of the Search Statement. The include financial data in a foreign currency, a sterling Q&A responses will also form amendments to the Search equivalent must be provided. Statement and should be considered by all competitors.

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Accordingly, all competitors will have been deemed to take account of these in preparing their submission.

Site visits, photos and drawings Competitors are welcome to visit the site, but at this stage of the competition there will be no formal site visits or photos and drawings distributed.

Return of competition materials All material which is submitted as part of your response to this Search Statement will be retained by the Foundation and will not be returned to participants.

Competition publicity Competitors should note that any or all of the submission materials submitted during any stage of the competition may be used for publicity purposes. This includes, but is not limited to, a public exhibition of the shortlisted competitors’ design concepts, an online gallery of the shortlisted design concepts, and media releases relating to the competition or project in a more general sense.

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Anticipated Competition Programme

All dates 2016

Competition launched Thursday 2nd June

Deadline for responses Thursday 7th July

Shortlist announced Monday 1st August

Tender stage launched Monday 1st August

Site visit w/c 15th August

Final submissions by shortlisted teams Friday 21st October

Jury interviews Tuesday 22nd November

Winner announced Thursday 8th December

44 IlluminatedIlluminated River River International International Design Design Competition Competition // Search // Search Statement Statement

Submission Requirements

Competitors are required to respond to this Search Please note, in accordance with Part 5 Regulation 59 (1) Statement by completing all submission requirements as of the Public Contracts Regulations 2015, suppliers may detailed below. Where appropriate, your response should be supply, where appropriate, a European Single Procurement both well written and highly visual. Document (ESPD) in placement of evidence of meeting the criteria identified in the PQQ. Responses should be in electronic format only – submitted via the online submission form: Format: Completed Excel template competitions.malcolmreading.co.uk/illuminatedriver/enter 2. Relevant Experience Please refer to the Evaluation Criteria section for the scoring approach. Please provide, in no more than twelve sides of A4, two main project examples which demonstrate your experience 1. Pre-Qualification Questionnaire (PQQ) – Company which is relevant to the requirements of the project as Information set out in this Search Statement document. Both relevant examples should be from your core team members. Please see the PQQ in Appendix A. The client is interested in a diverse range of teams for the The PQQ is to be completed by the lead consultant only, project. They are aware that the scope of the project is with reference to any sub-consultants where indicated. unique, and the likelihood of having carried out an identical or similar contract is minimal. For this reason, the client is The PQQ is provided as an Excel file template. It is not interested in relevant project examples that could include available in any other formats. Competitors should complete creative, integrated and flexible public projects, including the template, and upload this to the online form. Any visitor experiences, public art or lighting installations appendices should be uploaded as separate files, in PDF (permanent or temporary) for a wide range of large scale format. infrastructure, public building(s) or public space(s) projects. Relevant projects must have been delivered within the past five years. 45 Illuminated River International Design Competition // Search Statement

In particular, your relevant experience should respond to the C. Explain how complex statutory, stakeholder four questions listed below: and community engagement and consultations were undertaken, and how they impacted on the design A. How have the projects provided and delivered and delivery of the project. significant civic and cultural presence, and how were the projects truly transformational, for their location D. Explain your involvement in the fundraising initiatives and ‘constituents’ (e.g. users or visitors)? surrounding the project, including how you supported and were involved in these initiatives. Detail B. Highlight your understanding of the complexity experience on past projects where local apprentices involved in your projects, and how these complex have been included and fully engaged on the project. issues were resolved, including: Please Note: Further project examples can be used to I. Heritage; highlight your answer to a particular question, where relevant. Your answers can be supplemented by images, II. Access (and retention of access throughout photographs and sketches (not included within the above the works); page count).

III. Maintenance; and Format: Twelve sides of A4, as one combined PDF.

. IV Regulatory standards. 3. Team Composition (Relevant Skills)

Please draw these issues out in your answer, and explain Please tell us, in no more than eight sides of A4, why you how the ‘creative’ was balanced with the ‘technical’ have brought together the team members you have, and requirements. How were these issues resolved or why you think this team will deliver a successful project, overcome during the design, delivery and installation based against the project objectives and team requirements process? set out in this document.

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As part of your answer, please provide a project team 4. Media Statement and Images organogram. Your team should be organised under a lead consultant. It is intended that the lead consultant will be Each competitor should also provide a 150-word snapshot of either an artist, or a lighting designer, or an engineer, or an the collaboration that can be used for the media in the event architect (however alternative lead designers, who meet of being shortlisted. This statement should include the lead the requirements of the brief, will be considered). You consultant’s website (if applicable). should also include all sub-consultants vital to your design approach. This statement should include the following: practice history/background, overview of built projects, awards, Teams should include summary details for the lead publications, exhibitions, and design philosophy. consultant and all sub-consultants proposed, together with brief CVs of the key individuals. Teams should highlight who You should also include two jpeg images of past projects will lead on community consultation. indicating your first and second choice.

Please Note: this procurement is for the supply of design Format: Text submitted using text field in online form; team services to RIBA Stage 4 only. It is the intention that images in jpeg format, no more than 5 MB per individual the project will be implemented by the individual bridge file. owners, with the selected design team retained to ensure design quality in delivery.

Format: Eight sides of A4, as one combined PDF.

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Evaluation Criteria

Submissions will be scored in accordance with the selection criteria set out below.

Summary

Criteria Total Score available for this section Weighting (of total submission) 1. PQQ Not scored – for information only 0 2. Relevant Experience A 10* 25% B 10* 20% C 10* 20% D 10* 10% 3. Team Composition (Relevant Skills) 10* 25% 4. Media Statement Not scored – for information only 0 Total 50 100%

* Each section will be scored out of 10, in accordance with the scoring approach on Page 49.

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Scoring approach

Score Classification of response Reason for classification 1 Unacceptable in whole or part No answer has been provided or the response fails to answer the question provided; all elements of the response are not justified or unsupported by evidence where required; fails to demonstrate any understanding of the question or the context. 2 Poor and significantly below requirements Very significant gaps or lack of justification/evidence in response where required; responses given are very generic and not relevant in whole or part; fails to demonstrate considerable understanding of the question or context. 3 Poor and below requirements A lack of content or explanation in one or more aspects of the question; significant gaps or lack of justification/evidence in response where required; responses given are generic and not relevant in whole or part; a degree of a failure to demonstrate understanding of the question or context. 4 Satisfactory response but does not meet all The question is answered satisfactorily overall but some key aspects lack sufficient detail or requirements explanation. 5 Satisfactory response that meets most The question is answered satisfactorily for the most part and some aspects lack sufficient requirements detail. 6 Satisfactory response that meets most The question is answered well for the most part and in areas is particularly clear and requirements and is a good response in some justified. areas 7 A strong response that is very satisfactory in The question is answered very well for the most part and in areas is particularly clear and all areas and exceeds expectations in some justified. areas 8 A very strong response The question is answered very well throughout and in all areas is clear and justified. 9 Outstanding quality response The question is answered in an outstanding way throughout, meets all requirements and in all areas is extremely clear and justified. 10 Exceptional response that exceeds the The answer demonstrates an exceptional responses that meets all requirements and Authority’s requirements exceeds the level of quality required in some key areas.

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Appendix

A. PQQ (Excel format)

Available to download from the competition website: competitions.malcolmreading.co.uk/illuminatedriver

50 malcolmreading.co.uk/competitions/illuminatedriver