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Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Study of Ergonomic Risks in Wooden Furniture Production

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Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Study of Ergonomic Risks in Wooden Furniture Production Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(17) Special 2015, Pages: 64-70 ISSN:1991-8178 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Journal home page: www.ajbasweb.com Study of Ergonomic Risks in Wooden Furniture Production 1Butree Kaden, 2Kritsada Wannapa and 3Preecha Khansri 1Department of Industrial Engineering, North-Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand 2Department of Industrial Engineering, North-Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand 3Department of Industrial Engineering, North-Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Background: This research aimed to study ergonomic risks factors in wooden furniture Received 12 March 2015 production processes. Researchers applied 2 methods using International Labour Office Accepted 28 April 2015 checkpoints and Rapid Upper Limp Assessment. Objective: To assess ergonomic risk Available online 2 May 2015 factors in 10 wooden furniture factories. Results: From using International Labour Office checkpoints, materials storage and handling and workstation design were in high Keywords: Ergonomics, Rapid Upper risk From RULA assessment, postures of lower arm, trunk and neck of operators were Limb Assessment, Occupational in high risk scores. Conclusion: Several working postures in producing wooden Safety, Wooden furniture, furniture were in high risks and should be approved for better environment and safety International Labour Organization for workers. checkpoints. © 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved. To Cite This Article: Butree Kaden, Kritsada Wannapa and Preecha Khansri., Study of Ergonomic Risks in Wooden Furniture Production. Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci., 9(17): 64-70, 2015 INTRODUCTION Several researchers studied extensively about laborer safety and ergonomics. There are sparsely This research studied several ergonomic risk studying of occupational accidents among workers in factors of operators in 10 wooden furniture factories the wooden furniture industry (Jegatheswaran et al., in Bantawai, Chiangmai. Bantawai is the village of 1012), it is necessary to reexamine several wood-carving handicrafts that has been known as an parameters in this type of industry persuade job important and attractive cultural place of Chiangmai attraction for workforce permanently. In Thailand, for Thai and foreign tourists. Several type of wooden furniture accident records from 2005 to wooden products will be found in Bantawai for 2009, work station of accident is Machine centre example: wood-carving furniture, wood texture- related with tasks of handling heavy and bulky wood polishing furniture, crackle paint wood furniture stocks, mishandling machines and poor extraction of and wood antique furniture. wastes. From the injury report rate for wood product Because of a high skill laborers within several manufacturing in Maine during 1987 to 2004 was years experience, wooden products in Bantawai almost twice the state-wide average for all becomes Economic value added products for village manufacturing, associated variables related to job community. Mostly, the studied wooden furniture risks were high physical workload, machine business were carried on from ancestors. Outstanding incompetence, training deficiency, absence of a technical skill of production were also passed on lockout and tagout schedule, low seniority status, and knowledge. Similarly, there are also no alterations male gender (Christina and Laura, 2009). The working conditions and procedures. American Furniture Manufacturers Association has From a generally surveying, 10 of studied developed a guideline for its members (Gary, 2005) factories have an assembly processes as major including, the role-play characteristics of the production, that are processes occurred after several partnership, the different motivative techniques for pre-assembly process such as polishing, cutting, etc. pursuing workers and some challenges confront The number of assembly factories are more than during attempts, with a hope to be helpful for others other type of production, so researchers decided to in furniture industry. A study of participatory study in this type of production because the results of intervention in a furniture manufacturing company in studying will be abundantly useful and may becomes Southern Brazil by replacing a cellular teamwork the beginning point of further ergonomics study in model instead of the former Tayloristic model wooden production in Bantawai. (Guimarães et al.), results of the study indicates that it is possible to make balance between ergonomics Corresponding Author: Butree Kaden, Department of Industrial Engineering, North-Chiangmai University, Chiangmai, Thailand. Tel: +66-871786634; E-mail: [email protected] 65 Butree Kaden et al, 2015 Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(17) Special 2015, Pages: 64-70 and production capacity that it is essential to make a process and lead to an improvement in health and clarify management. Moreover, making the balance safety as well as in the work systems in the and sustainability of the two former factors can organization (Faramarz Helali,2009). The reason increase both worker contentment and productivity why ILO checkpoints are : typical good practices can efficiency. In the furniture manufacturing industry be represented in multiple areas, how-to section of records (Gary et al., 2002) and survey data identified these checkpoints shows easy improvements that workers are in high risk for work-related low principles and the illustrated checkpoints can be used back injuries because of during the loading and as group work tools in short-term training courses to unloading furniture with high forces, performing raise safety and ergonomics attitude in industry static awkward postures during upholstering the (Kazutaka, 2007) furniture and repetitive bending and twisting posture all the day of working. RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment): For wooden furniture production, it is necessary RULA is a method developed for using in to pay attention to hand tool design. Since hand tools ergonomics investigations of workplaces where are devices that involve in almost every production work-related upper limb disorders (Lynn sequences. The redesign of cutting non-powered McAtamney and E Nigel Corlett, 1993), this method hand tools for cutting wood has been approached by was designed to provide a quick analysis of worker’s studying the difference of blade coating materials upper limb. It provides an objective measure of the affect to the force demands, it was found that the work-related upper limb disorders risks by force demands of cutting hand tool blades can be performing tasks where the demands on the upper reduced by using Polytetrafluoroethylene coating body are high but the whole body demands are substitute for lacquer or chromium coating and more relatively low. Body parts evaluated by RULA ergonomic usability will be useful to improve technique are includes: hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder, consumer supply in the market (Minna and Tanja, neck and low back . The uses of this ergonomics 2003). Universal design methodology in hand tool evaluation approach are in different risk score design process is a methodology to convert user between 1-7, where higher score signify greater level evaluation into crucial design factors by the of apparent risk. The RULA score was developed to universalized evaluation scale based on product detect work postures or risk factors that deserve attributes, this methodology will be useful for further attention. contribution user-centered universal design Many researchers used RULA assessment application (Kai-Chieh Lina and Chih-Fu Wub, methods to evaluate job risks in several job type 2015). (Mao-Jiun J. et al., 2004), (Alireza et al., 2004), (M. Massaccesia et al., 2003). The assessment result can International Labour Office’s (ILO) ergonomics lead to the proper working posture solution that can checkpoints: reduce the working risk level. ILO Ergonomics Checkpoints is a list of the titles of the ergonomic checkpoints included 132 Objectives: items in the list, user may use either the whole list or This study aimed to study ergonomic job risks their own list containing only those items relevant to on wooden furniture assembly operations. Ten their workplace. The manual presents 132 realistic wooden furniture factories were participated in this and flexible solutions to ergonomic problems that research. Objective of this study is to find out can apply to use in whole range of workplaces, ergonomic problem of working and solution; results subjects of checkpoints including 9 categories: of this study will be useful and can be implemented materials storage and handling, hand tools, machine further improvement of wooden furniture production. safety, workstation design, lighting, promises, That would be a beginning point of gravely control of hazardous substances and agents, welfare concerning about working ergonomics and workers’ facilities and work organization (International life quality. Labour Office in collaboration with the International Ergonomics Association, 2010). Each of the Methods: checkpoints shows an action, the reason of Subjects: improving requirements, and also recommends Ten wooden furniture factories were participated further mentions. Moreover, the template checklist is in this study. All factories production process were in also included and can be easily adapted to uses in assembly operations every workplace. Application of the International Labour Office’s ergonomics
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