DOCSLIB.ORG

Hemiptera: Miridae), a Predacious Plant Bug

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hemiptera: Miridae), a Predacious Plant Bug PHYSIOLOGY,BIOCHEMISTRY, AND TOXICOLOGY Digestive Enzymes and Stylet Morphology of Deraeocoris nebulosus (Hemiptera: Miridae), a Predacious Plant Bug 1 2 DAVID W. BOYD, JR., ALLEN CARSON COHEN, AND DAVID R. ALVERSON Department of Entomology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 95(3): 395Ð401 (2002) ABSTRACT Mixed-feeding habits, such as zoophytophagy, make the ecological roles of many species of insects, especially hemipterans, difÞcult to assess. To understand the feeding adaptations of the predaciousplant bug Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler), the digestive enzymes from the salivary glands and anterior midgut were analyzed, and the mouthpart stylets were investigated with scanning electron microscopy. Evidence of trypsin-like enzyme, ␣-glucosidase, and pectinase were found in the salivary glands. Low levels of trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, elastase-like, and pectinase activity, with high levelsof ␣-amylase and ␣-glucosidase activity, were found in the anterior midgut. The insectÕs right maxillary stylet has two rows of at least six recurved barbs on the inner surface pointing away from the head. Thisplant bug isequipped mainly for zoophagy but hasenzymesthat would allow some degree of phytophagy. KEY WORDS Deraeocoris nebulosus, digestive enzymes, Miridae, predator, stylet morphology, omnivory FEEDING HABITS OF the Heteroptera range from strict A theoretical and practical grasp of the role that phytophagy to strict zoophagy (Schaefer and Panizzi heteropterans play in natural and agricultural systems 2000). Several familiescontain omnivoreswhose requiresa thorough understandingof their feeding mixed-feeding habitshave been termed zoophytopha- habits. Such knowledge, however, is difÞcult to obtain gousor phytozoophagous,depending on the relative by direct means, largely because of the cryptic nature degree of animal versus plant consumption (Alomar of the feeding processandthe amorphousnature of and Wiedenmann 1996). The origin of feeding habits the ingested food. Heteropteran workers lament the among the Heteroptera remainscontroversial(Sweet lack of a thorough understanding of heteropteran 1979, Cobben 1979, Cohen 1990, Schaefer 1997, feeding habits, especially for the Miridae (Wheeler Wheeler 2001). The diverse trophic habits of plant 2001). bugsmake the Miridae ideal for studiesoffeeding A consumerÕs ability to use plant or animal materials strategies, including digestive enzyme composition for food is indicated by the presence of speciÞc di- and mouthpart morphology. gestive enzymes and by mouthpart morphology (Bap- Mirids,aswell asall other heteropterans,employ tist 1941; Adams and McAllan 1956; Strong and Kruit- macerate (or lacerate) and ßush feeding (Miles 1972, wagen 1968; Miles1972; Cohen 1990, 1995, 1996, 1998a, Hori 2000, Wheeler 2001) that incorporatespiercing/ 1998b, 2000; Agustõ´ and Cohen 2000; Hori 2000; Zeng sucking mouthparts and watery saliva from the sali- and Cohen 2000a, 2000b). Digestive enzymes speciÞc vary gland complex. Miridsfeed in a manner that is for zoophagy include proteases (e.g., trypsin, chymo- typical of heteropterans, piercing and cutting tissues trypsin, cathepsin), hyaluronidase, and phospholipase with their stylets while injecting digestive enzymes (Cohen 1998b, 2000). SpeciÞc digestive enzymes for through the salivary canal to liquefy food into a nu- phytophagy include amylase and pectinase (Cohen trient-rich slurry. The food slurry is ingested through 1996). the food canal and passed into the alimentary canal Morphological comparisons of both mandibular and where it is further digested and absorbed (Cohen maxillary styletsrevealdifferencesbetween heterop- 2000). teran phytophagesand zoophages.Cobben (1978) showed that the right maxillary stylets of predacious Thisarticle reportsthe resultsofresearchonly. Mention of a heteropterans(e.g., Nabidae, Anthocoridae) are more proprietary product does not constitue an endorsement or a recom- deeply serrated than those of phytophagous heterop- mendation by the USDA for itsuse. terans(e.g., Tingidae). Cohen (1996) showedthat the 1 Current address: Small Fruit Research Station, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 287, Poplarville, MS 39470 (e-mail: [email protected]). mandibular styletsofphytophagousand predacious 2 Biological Control and Mass Rearing Research Unit, USDA-ARS, pentatomidsvaried in relation to the direction of the P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762. barbs; those of phytophagous species point away from 0013-8746/02/0395Ð0401$02.00/0 ᭧ 2002 Entomological Society of America 396 ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Vol. 95, no. 3 the head, whereasthe barbsof predaciousspecies natant wasplaced in a 1.5-ml centrifuge tube and kept point toward the head. The barbson the mandibular at 4ЊC until use (within 48 h). The anterior midguts of styletsofpredaciousheteropteran families(e.g., the same 25 or 10 insects were treated as were the Reduviidae) are more numerousthan the barbson the salivary glands. Protein concentrations of all enzyme mandibular styletsofphytophagousheteropteran samples were determined by bicinchoninic acid pro- families (e.g., Lygaeidae, sensu lato) (Cohen 1990). tein assay (Pierce, Rockford, IL), using bovine serum Deraeocoris nebulosus (Uhler) isa predator of plant- albumin as the standard. Three samples from 25 or 10 feeding arthropods including aphids, mites, scale in- insects were used for each tissue. sects, and whiteßies (Gillette 1908, Smith 1923, ␣-Amylase Assay. Amylase activity in the salivary Wheeler et al. 1975, Jonesand Snodgrass1998).Phy- glandsand anterior midgut wasdetermined with a tophagy isunknown in D. nebulosus, but other species diagnostic kit (No. 577Ð3, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) fol- in thispredatory genusfeed facultatively on plants lowing modiÞcationsof Zeng and Cohen (2000a, (McMullen and Jong 1967, RazaÞmahatratra 1981, 2000b, 2000c). The substrate was 4,6 ethylidene (G7)- Wheeler 2001). One of us(D.W.B.) hasobserved D. p-nitrophenyl (G1)-␣, D-maltoheptaside. Enzyme ex- nebulosus with its stylets inserted into sweet potato tracts(10 ␮l) were added to wellsin an ELISA plate. leavesand cabbage, but whether thisbehavior in- The substrate was equilibrated to 37ЊC for 10 min, and volvesthe uptake of nutrientsor justwater isnot 200 ␮l wasadded to each well. The plate wasshaken known. for Þve sand incubated at 37 ЊC for 30 min. Absorbance The objectivesof thisstudywere to determine the wasread at 405 nm in a plate reader (SPECTRA MAX presence of certain digestive enzymes in the salivary Plus, Molecular Devices Corporation, Sunnyvale, gland complex and anterior midgut of D. nebulosus and CA). Absorbance is directly related to amylase activ- to analyze its stylet morphology. We also evaluated ity. Authentic ␣-amylase from barley malt (Sigma thispredaciousmiridÕsability to obtain nutrientsfrom A-2771) wasusedasa positivecontrol (1 mg/ml, 1 animalsand plants. U/mg solid), and buffer and substrate only were used asa negative control. The relative amylaseactivity was calculated asabsorbanceunitsper milligram of pro- Materials and Methods tein. The assay was performed three times for each Insects. A colony was established with D. nebulosus sample. collected from oaks(e.g., Quercus alba L., Q. stellata ␣-Glucosidase Assay. ␣-Glucosidase activity was Wang, and Q. falcata Michaux) in Greenville County tested from both salivary gland and anterior midgut and PickensCounty, SC, during the summerof 1999 extracts, following Agustõ´ and Cohen (2000), by add- and wasmaintained at 25 Ϯ 2ЊC, 50 Ϯ 10% RH, and a ing 100 ␮l of extract to 100 ␮l of 10-mM solution of photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h. Deraeocoris nebulosus p-nitrophenyl ␣-d-glucopyranoside (Sigma, N-1377) wasreared on eggsof Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep- in an ELISA plate and incubating at 37ЊC for 1 h. The ␮ idoptera: Pyralidae) (BeneÞcial Insectary, Redding reaction wasstoppedby adding 100 l of 15% Na2CO3. CA, USA) at the Cherry Farm Insectaries, Clemson Invertase from bakers yeast (Sigma I-4504) was used University, Clemson, SC, USA. Voucher specimens as a positive control (1 mg/ml, 400 U/mg solid), and were placed in the Clemson University Arthropod buffer and substrate only were used as a negative Collection. control. Absorbance was read at 405 nm in a plate Sample Preparation. Enzyme samples were pre- reader, and the relative ␣-glucosidase activity was pared by the method of Cohen (1993) with modiÞ- calculated asabsorbanceunitsper milligram of pro- cation. Only adult female insects were used in these tein. The assay was replicated three times. tests. The mirids were starved for 24 h before dissec- General Protease Assay. General protease activity tions to standardize the insects and to allow an accu- was determined using the EnzChek ßuorescence pro- mulation of digestive enzymes. The insects were tease assay kit (E-6638, Molecular Probes, Eugene, placed at Ϫ20ЊC for 4 min and then dissected in ice- OR) following modiÞcationsof Zeng and Cohen cold phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4) under a dis- (2000a). Extract samples were diluted by adding 10 ␮l secting microscope. The salivary gland complex, in- of extract to 90 ␮l of the reaction buffer in an ELISA cluding all lobes, accessory glands, and tubules, was plate well, and then 100 ␮l of substrate solution buffer exposed by holding the abdomen with Þne forceps and (casein derivatives heavily labeled with the pH-insen- pulling the head and prothorax away from the abdo- sitive BODIPY FL-dye) was added. The assay plate men with another pair of Þne forceps. The anterior wasincubated
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Encounters Between Aphids and Their Predators: the Relative Frequencies of Disturbance and Consumption
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd Encounters between aphids and their predators: the relative frequencies of disturbance and consumption Erik H. Nelson* & Jay A. Rosenheim Center for Population Biology and Department of Entomology, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Accepted: 3 November 2005 Key words: avoidance behavior, escape behavior, induced defense, non-consumptive interactions, non-lethal interactions, predation risk, trait-mediated interactions, Aphididae, Homoptera, Aphis gossypii, Acyrthosiphon pisum Abstract Ecologists may wish to evaluate the potential for predators to suppress prey populations through the costs of induced defensive behaviors as well as through consumption. In this paper, we measure the ratio of non-consumptive, defense-inducing encounters relative to consumptive encounters (hence- forth the ‘disturbed : consumed ratio’) for two species of aphids and propose that these disturbed : consumed ratios can help evaluate the potential for behaviorally mediated prey suppression. For the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae), the ratio of induced disturbances to consumption events was high, 30 : 1. For the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Homoptera: Aphididae), the ratio of induced disturbances to consumption events was low, approximately 1 : 14. These results indicate that the potential for predators to suppress pea aphid populations through induction of defensive behaviors is high, whereas the potential for predators to suppress cotton aphid populations through induced behaviors is low. In measuring the disturbed : consumed ratios of two prey species, this paper makes two novel points: it highlights the variability of the disturbed : con- sumed ratio, and it offers a simple statistic to help ecologists draw connections between predator–prey behaviors and predator–prey population dynamics.
    [Show full text]
  • Deraeocoris Schach, a New Predator of Euphydryas Aurinia and Other Heteropteran Feeding Habits on Caterpillar Web (Heteroptera: Miridae; Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
    Fragmenta entomologica, 48 (1): 77-81 (2016) eISSN: 2284-4880 (online version) pISSN: 0429-288X (print version) Research article Submitted: March 21st, 2016 - Accepted: June 10th, 2016 - Published: June 30th, 2016 Deraeocoris schach, a new predator of Euphydryas aurinia and other heteropteran feeding habits on caterpillar web (Heteroptera: Miridae; Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Manuela PINZARI Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma Tor Vergata - Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy [email protected] Abstract In this paper, preliminary results on a field study aiming to identify predators of the Marsh Fritillary Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) in Central Italy are presented. Several heteropterans were found on the larval nests of E. aurinia for dietary reasons: Deraeoco­ ris schach (Fabricius, 1781) that is a predator of Marsh Fritillary larvae, Palomena prasina (Linnaeus, 1761) and Spilostethus saxati­ lis (Scopoli, 1763) that feed on the droppings of larvae; Graphosoma lineatum italicum (Müller, 1766) that visits the larval web during winter diapause. Key words: Euphydryas aurinia, Deraeocoris schach, predator, heteropterans. Introduction Schult, Lonicera caprifolium L. and Scabiosa columbar­ ia L. (Pinzari, Pinzari and Sbordoni, unpublished data), In the context of a previous survey study (Pinzari et al. with spiders and different insects (Orthoptera, Heterop- 2010, 2013) on the Lepidoptera in Central Apennines tera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Blattellidae) that usually (Lazio, Italy), during the past five years a population of frequent the larval nests of E. aurinia. E. aurinia spp. provincialis (Boisduval, 1828) was stud- In literature predation by Heteroptera has been ob- ied, focusing on several aspects of the species biology and served in the American Checkerspots, E.
    [Show full text]
  • Good Water Ripples Volume 7 Number 4
    For information contact: http://txmn.org/goodwater [email protected] Volume 7 Number 4 August/September 2018 Editor: Mary Ann Melton Fall Training Class Starts Soon Good Water Mas- ter Naturalist Fall Training Class will start Tuesday even- ing, September 4th. The class will meet UPCOMING EVENTS on Tuesday eve- nings from 6:00- 8/9/18 NPSOT 9:30 p.m. Some 8/13/18 WAG classes and field trips will be on Sat- 8/23/18 GWMN urdays. The first class is Tuesday, Austin Butterfly Forum 8/27/18 September 4. The 9/5/18 NPAT last class will be December 11. Cost is $150 and includes the comprehensive Texas Master 9/13/18 NPSOT Naturalist Program manual as well as a one year membership to the Good 9/20/18 Travis Audubon Water Chapter. For couples who plan to share the manual, there is a dis- count for the second student. 9/24/18 Austin Butterfly Forum Click here for online registration. The Tuesday classes will start at 6:00 9/27/18 GWMN p.m. and finish around 9:30. There are four Saturday field trips and classes planned. The schedule will be posted in the next week or so. Check back Check the website for additional here after August 15 for the link to the schedule. events including volunteer and training opportunities. The events Click here: https://txmn.org/goodwater/Training-class-online-application/ are too numerous to post here. for Online Training Registration David Robinson took our Spring Training Class this year. He says, "The Fall Training Class Starts Soon 1 Instructors & Speakers were absolutely fantastic.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in Old-Growth Northwest Forests'
    AMER. ZOOL., 33:578-587 (1993) Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in Old-Growth mon et al., 1990; Hz Northwest Forests complex litter layer 1973; Lattin, 1990; JOHN D. LATTIN and other features Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, tural diversity of th Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2907 is reflected by the 14 found there (Lawtt SYNOPSIS. Old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest extend along the 1990; Parsons et a. e coastal region from southern Alaska to northern California and are com- While these old posed largely of conifer rather than hardwood tree species. Many of these ity over time and trees achieve great age (500-1,000 yr). Natural succession that follows product of sever: forest stand destruction normally takes over 100 years to reach the young through successioi mature forest stage. This succession may continue on into old-growth for (Lattin, 1990). Fire centuries. The changing structural complexity of the forest over time, and diseases, are combined with the many different plant species that characterize succes- bances. The prolot sion, results in an array of arthropod habitats. It is estimated that 6,000 a continually char arthropod species may be found in such forests—over 3,400 different ments and habitat species are known from a single 6,400 ha site in Oregon. Our knowledge (Southwood, 1977 of these species is still rudimentary and much additional work is needed Lawton, 1983). throughout this vast region. Many of these species play critical roles in arthropods have lx the dynamics of forest ecosystems. They are important in nutrient cycling, old-growth site, tt as herbivores, as natural predators and parasites of other arthropod spe- mental Forest (HJ cies.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomologische Erhebungen Bei Unterpurkla Und Dirnbach Im Blaurackenbrutgebiet Der Südost-Steiermark
    Entomologische Erhebungen bei Unterpurkla und Dirnbach im Blaurackenbrutgebiet der Südost-Steiermark Heuschrecken, Fangschrecken, Wanzen, Tagfalter & Käfer (Saltatoria, Mantodea, Heteroptera, Diurna & Coleoptera) Europaschutzgebiet: „Teile des Südoststeirischen Hügellandes inklusive Grabenlandbäche und Höll“ Im Auftrag von: Verein Lebende Erde im Vulkanland (L.E.i.V.), Bernard Wieser Bearbeitung: Thomas Frieß, Erwin Holzer & Anton Koschuh Graz, im Mai 2012 Entomologische Kartierung 2011 / Dirnbach & Unterpurkla L.E.i.V. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung und Fragestellungen .................................................................................... 3 2 Untersuchte Standorte ................................................................................................... 4 3 Ergebnisse und Diskussion ......................................................................................... 10 3.1 Heuschrecken & Fangschrecken (Saltatoria & Mantodea) ............................... 10 3.2 Wanzen (Heteroptera) .......................................................................................... 16 3.3 Tagfalter (Lepidoptera: Diurna) ........................................................................... 31 3.4 Käfer (Coleoptera) ................................................................................................ 39 4 Literatur .......................................................................................................................... 54 5 Anhang: Rohdatenliste Wanzen .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/023486 Al 9 February 2017 (09.02.2017) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: 0552 (US). FENGLER, Kevin; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. AOlH l/00 (2006.01) C07K 14/195 (2006.01) Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). SCHEPERS, A01H3/00 (2006.01) C12N 15/82 (2006.01) Eric; 7250 NW 62nd Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). UDRANSZKY, Ingrid; 7250 NW 62nd (21) International Application Number: Ave, P.O. Box 552, Johnston, IA 5013 1-0552 (US). PCT/US20 16/04 1452 (74) Agent: BAUER, S., Christopher; Pioneer Hi-Bred Inter (22) International Filing Date: national, Inc., 7100 N.W. 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 8 July 2016 (08.07.2016) 5013 1-1014 (US). (25) Filing Language: English (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (26) Publication Language: English kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (30) Priority Data: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, 62/201,977 6 August 2015 (06.08.2015) US DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (71) Applicants: PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, INC. [US/US]; PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, INC., 7100 N.W.
    [Show full text]
  • First Records of Deraeocoris Ventralis in Poland, with Notes on Distribution
    ANNALS OF THE UPPER SILESIAN MUSEUM IN BYTOM ENTOMOLOGY Vol. 29 (online 005): 1–10 ISSN 0867-1966, eISSN 2544-039X (online) Bytom, 24.06.2020 ARTUR TASZAKOWSKI1 , MAREK BUNALSKI2 , GrzeGorz Gierlasiński3 First records of Deraeocoris ventralis in Poland, with notes on distribution of Polish Deraeocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Miridae) http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3906339 1 Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, e-mail: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0885-353X 2 Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland, e-mail: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6969-7625 3 Natural History Collections, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland, e-mail: [email protected], https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2968-8553 Abstract: Deraeocoris ventralis REUTER, 1904 is recorded for the first time from Poland. Specimens of this species were collected in the years 2009-2018 at several sites located in three zoogeographic regions: Mazowiecka Lowland, Trzebnickie Hills and Wielkopolsko- Kujawska Lowland. In addition, new sites for 9 other species of Deraeocorinae are given. Identifying features of Deraeocoris flavilinea (A. COSTA, 1862) as well as information on distribution of Bothynotus pilosus (BOHEMAN, 1852) are discussed. Key words: biodiversity, distribution, faunistics, new records, plant bugs, true bugs. INTRODUCTION The subfamily Deraeocorinae is represented in the world fauna by almost 120 genera bringing together about 800 species (SCHUH 2002-2013, WEIRAUCH & SCHUH 2020).
    [Show full text]
  • Monograph of the North American Species of Deraeocoris—Heteroptera Miridae
    TECHNICAL BULLETIN I JUNE 1921 The University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Monograph of the North American Species of Deraeocoris—Heteroptera Miridae By Harry H. Knight Division of Entomology and Economic Zoology UKIVERSeri OF lar-1‘4,1A it • r 1 4011 UNIVERSITY FARM, ST. PAUL AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS R. W. THATCHER, M.A., D.Agr, Director ANDREW Boss, Vice Director A. D. WILSON, B.S. in Agr, Director of Agricultural Extension and Farmers' Institutes C. G. SELVIG, M.A., Superintendent, Northwest Substation, Crookston M. J. THOMPSON,. M.S., Superintendent, Northeast Substation, Duluth. 0. I. BERGH, B.S.Agr, Superintendent, North Central Substation, Grand Rapids P. E. Miuu, B.S.A., Superintendent, West Central Substation, Morris R. E. HODGSON, B.S. in Apr, Superintendent, Southeast Substation, Wasp CHARLES HARALSON, Superintendent, Fruit Breeding Farm, Zumbra (P. 0. Excelsior) W. H. KENETY, M.S., Superintendent, Forest Experiment Station, W. P. KIRKWOOD, BA., Editor ALICE MCFEELY, Assistant Editor of Bulletins HARRIET W. SEWALL, B.A., Librarian T. J. HorroN, Photographer R. A. GORTNER, Ph.D., Chief, Division of Agricultural Biochemistry J. D. BLACK, Ph.D., Chief, Division of Agricultural Economics ANDREW Boss, Chief, Division of Agronomy and Farm Management. W. H. PETERS, MAgr., Acting Chief, Division of Animal Husbandry FRANCIS JAGER, Chief, Division of Bee Culture C. IL ECKLES, M.S. Chief, Division of Dairy Husbandry W. A. RILEY, Ph.D., Chief, Division of Entomology and Economic Zoology WILLIAM Boss, Chief, Division of Farm Engineering E. G. CHEYNEY, B.A., Chief, Division of Forestry W. H. ALDERMAN, B.S.A., Chief, Division of Horticulture E.
    [Show full text]
  • Iowa State Journal of Research 62.4
    U.t::r Volume 62, No. 4 ISSN0092-6345 May, 1988 if ISJRA6 62(4); JUL l l 1988 477 HIBBERD, K. A. Selection for amino acid overproducer mutants in maize: Valine selections.................... 479 HORSCH, R. B. and collaborators. Agrobacterium­ mediated gene transfer to plants; engineering tolerance to glyphosate . 487 McCOY, T. J. Tissue culture selection for disease resistant plants . 503 MEREDITH, C. P., A. J. CONNER, and T. M. SCHETTINI. The use of cell selection to obtain novel plant genotypes resistant to mineral stresses . 523 RANCH, J. and G. M. PACE. Science in the art of plant regeneration from cultured cells: An essay and a proposal for a conceptual framework . 537 SMITH, R. H. and S. BHASKARAN. Sorghum cell culture: Somaclonal variation/ screening . 571 WIDHOLM, J.M. In vitro selection with plant cell and tissue cultures: An overview. 587 IOWA STATE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Published under the auspices of the Vice President for Research, Iowa State University EDITOR ............................................. ... BRUCE W. MENZEL ASSOCIATE EDITOR ........................................... PAUL N. HINZ ASSOCIATE EDITOR .......... ......... .. ..... ............ RAND D. CONGER ASSOCIATE EDITOR ........ ........................... DWIGHT W. BENSEND ASSISTANT EDITOR-COMPOSITOR ................... CHRISTINE V. McDANIEL Administrative Board N. L. Jacobson, Chairman J. E. Galejs, I. S. U. Library W. H. Kelly, Collf'gf' of Sciences and Humanities W. R. Madden, Office of Business and Finance B. W. Mf'nzel, Editor W. M. Schmitt, Information Service G. K. Serovy, College of Enginef'ring Consultants Gerald Klonglan, Consultant for Sociology Faye S. Yates, Promotion Consultant This is the final issue of the Jcm•a State Journal qf RPsearch (ISSN 0092-6435). Publication of the Journal began in 1926.
    [Show full text]
  • Aspects of the Biology, Ecology and Management of the Green Mirid, Creontiades Dilutus (Stal), in Australian Cotton
    Aspects of the Biology, Ecology and Management of the Green Mirid, Creontiades dilutus (Stal), in Australian Cotton By Moazzeni Hossain Khan M. Sc. in Applied Entomology (University of London, UK) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Rural Science and Natural Resources University of New England, Armidale Australia October 1999 i Declaration I hereby declare that the work presented in this thesis is original and has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, for a degree at this or any other university. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is provided. Date: /.~ ..'. P. .~.. .,.Q.-a .. (Moazzem H Khan) ii Acknowledgements Associate Professor Peter Gregg and Dr. Robert Mensah supervised this project, providing me continual encouragement and guidance throughout the project. Without their support this thesis could not be produced. I would like to give my heartfelt gratitude to them. The Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Cotton Production financially supported this study and provided facilities for its completion. I would like to thank Dr. M. B. Malipatil for confirming the identification of the insect, and Dr. Brian Sindel and Graham Charles for identifying weed hosts. I would also like to thank to George Henderson of the Division of Agronomy & Soil Science at the University of New England for technical assistance while I was doing research in Armidale. Dr. N. C. Prakash and Michel Henderson of the Division of Botany at UNE deserve special thanks for giving me opportunity to study light microscopy on insect damage in their laboratory.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Plant Bug Tribe Mirini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae) Recorded on the Korean Peninsula, with Descriptions of Three New Species
    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 115: 467–492, 2018 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2018.048 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Annotated checklist of the plant bug tribe Mirini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae) recorded on the Korean Peninsula, with descriptions of three new species MINSUK OH 1, 2, TOMOHIDE YASUNAGA3, RAM KESHARI DUWAL4 and SEUNGHWAN LEE 1, 2, * 1 Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Research Associate, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA; e-mail: [email protected] 4 Visiting Scientists, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A, 0C6, Canada; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Heteroptera, Miridae, Mirinae, Mirini, checklist, key, new species, new record, Korean Peninsula Abstract. An annotated checklist of the tribe Mirini (Miridae: Mirinae) recorded on the Korean peninsula is presented. A total of 113 species, including newly described and newly recorded species are recognized. Three new species, Apolygus hwasoonanus Oh, Yasunaga & Lee, sp. n., A. seonheulensis Oh, Yasunaga & Lee, sp. n. and Stenotus penniseticola Oh, Yasunaga & Lee, sp. n., are described. Eight species, Apolygus adustus (Jakovlev, 1876), Charagochilus (Charagochilus) longicornis Reuter, 1885, C. (C.) pallidicollis Zheng, 1990, Pinalitopsis rhodopotnia Yasunaga, Schwartz & Chérot, 2002, Philostephanus tibialis (Lu & Zheng, 1998), Rhabdomiris striatellus (Fabricius, 1794), Yamatolygus insulanus Yasunaga, 1992 and Y. pilosus Yasunaga, 1992 are re- ported for the fi rst time from the Korean peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • Venom Composition and Bioactivity from the Eurasian Assassin Bug Rhynocoris Iracundus
    biomedicines Article Hexapod Assassins’ Potion: Venom Composition and Bioactivity from the Eurasian Assassin Bug Rhynocoris iracundus Nicolai Rügen 1, Timothy P. Jenkins 2, Natalie Wielsch 3, Heiko Vogel 4 , Benjamin-Florian Hempel 5,6 , Roderich D. Süssmuth 5 , Stuart Ainsworth 7, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz 8 , Andreas Vilcinskas 1,9,10 and Miray Tonk 9,10,* 1 Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany; [email protected] (N.R.); [email protected] (A.V.) 2 Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; [email protected] 3 Research Group Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; [email protected] 4 Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany; [email protected] 5 Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] (B.-F.H.); [email protected] (R.D.S.) 6 BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany 7 Centre for Snakebite Research and Interventions, Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; [email protected] 8 Citation: Rügen, N.; Jenkins, T.P.; UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Wielsch, N.; Vogel, H.; Hempel, B.-F.; F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; [email protected] 9 Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, Süssmuth, R.D.; Ainsworth, S.; 35392 Giessen, Germany Cabezas-Cruz, A.; Vilcinskas, A.; 10 LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, Tonk, M.
    [Show full text]