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2.4 Pricing Methods
PowerPoint Guide The news icon is hyperlinked The film icon is The discuss The writing to a related hyperlinked to icon indicates icon indicates a article or a related clip. suggested written activity website. Simply click to points to or question Simply click to access discuss time access 2. Marketing 2.4 The marketing mix Pricing methods Price is…. • The money charged for a good or service • Everything that a customer has to give up in order to acquire a good or service • Usually expressed in terms of £’s Why is price important? • One of the most important decisions a business has to make • Pricing decisions directly affect revenue • Must be consistent with other elements of the marketing mix, as it will directly affect the consumer’s perception of a good or service • Making the wrong decision about pricing could have a serious effect on sales and cash flow Main factors that influence pricing Market Marketing Share Objectives Product Life Cycle Positioning Pricing Costs Competitors Decisions Take the challenge Type of pricing methods Promotional Penetration Cost-plus Competitor Skimming Price skimming – new product • Price skimming involves setting a high price before other competitors come into the market. • Often used for the launch of a new product which faces little or no competition, usually due to the product possessing some new, advanced technological features. • Such products are often bought by customers who are prepared to pay a higher price to have the latest or best product in the market. Business example - Apple This is the pricing strategy used by Apple when it launches new products onto the market. -
Consumer Response to Negative Publicity: the Moderating Role of Commitment
ROHINI AHLUWALIA, ROBERT E. BURNKRANT, and H. RAO UNNAVA* Even though negative information about brands and companies is widely prevalent in the marketplace, except for case studies, there has been no systematic investigation of how consumers process negative in^' formation about the brands they like and use. In the three studies in this research, the authors attempt to bridge this gap. The findings of the first and second studies provide a theoretical framework for understanding' how consumers process negative information in the marketplace. Commitment of the consumer toward the brand is identified as a moder- ator of negative information effects. In the third study, the authors use this theoretical framework to derive and test response strategies that compa- nies can use to counter negative publicity for consumers who are high and low in commitment toward the brand. s Consumer Response to Negative Publicity: The Moderating Role of Commitment Incidents of negative publicity are widely prevalent in the publicity literature has examined this problem at jsome marketplace, ranging from safety concerns with Valujet air- length but has not converged on a unifying theoretical lines to tainted beef from Hudson foods. Such information framework. One underlying assumption in this literature is can be devastating, resulting in major losses of revenue and that negative information is almost always devastating. For market share. A study by DDB Needham Worldwide example, the Merriam formula used to determine the impact (Advertising Age 1995) finds that negative publicity and of media exposure gives negative news quadruple weight how the company handles it are among the most important compared with positive news (Kroloff 1988). -
Study of the Effectiveness of Online Marketing on Integrated Marketing Communication
STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE MARKETING ON INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION Dissertation submitted to D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, School of Management in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Philosophy (Business Management) Submitted by: AMRUTA VIJAY PAWAR (Enrollment no. DYP-M.Phil-126090008) Research Guide Prof. Dr. R. GOPAL Director, Dean & Head of Department, D.Y. Patil University, School of Management Sector 4, Plot No-10, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai- 400 614 November, 2014 STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE MARKETING ON INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION i DECLARATION I hereby declare that the dissertation titled “Study Of The Effectiveness Of Online Marketing On Integrated Marketing Communication” Submitted for the Award of Master of Philosophy (M. Phil) in Business Management at D. Y. Patil University, School of Management, Navi Mumbai; is my original work and the dissertation has not formed the basis for the award of any degree, associateship, fellowship or any other. The material borrowed from similar titles other sources and incorporated in the dissertation has been duly acknowledged. I understand that I myself could be held responsible and accountable for plagiarism, if any, detected later on. The research papers published based on the research conducted out of the course of the study are also based on the study and not borrowed from other sources. Date: Signature of the student Enrollment no. DYP-M.Phil-126090008 ii CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation titled ―Study Of The Effectiveness Of Online Marketing On Integrated Marketing Communication is the bona-fide research work carried out by Ms. -
Taking the Next Step in Digital Marketing
Taking the Next Step In Digital Marketing A Strategic Guide for the Energy Industry The following document is the intellectual property of Foster Marketing and is intended for use only by clients of the agency and by permission of the agency. Foster Marketing, ©2013 Taking the next step | 1 Inside this guide Taking the next step Website | Page 3 Social media | Page 5 in your digital marketing Blogging | Page 8 Online video | Page 10 In our first digital guide, A Digital Media Guide for the Oil & Gas Industry, Foster Marketing shared an overview of digital marketing and how it could be utilized in Advertising | Page 12 the oil and gas and broader energy sector for creating awareness, generating leads Mobile potential | Page 15 and, ultimately, sales. Search | Page 16 The goal was to get you started and help you launch your online efforts. Much has Measurement | Page 17 changed since the first iteration. There are new media and techniques and since Strategy | Page 18 you’ve now entered the digital realm, it’s time to move to the next level. Tools | Page 19 This guide is intended to get the discussion rolling on how you will step up your Connect with us | Page 20 digital efforts and where and how you can expand your online presence. Best of luck as you move ahead on your digital journey! Foster Marketing, ©2013 Taking the next step | 2 B2B Website Is your website good enough? Must-Haves • Content additions & You have an attractive, well-branded website that has been working for you for updates years. -
Eight Steps to Developing a Simple Marketing Plan1 Edward A
FE967 Eight Steps to Developing A Simple Marketing Plan1 Edward A. Evans and Fredy H. Ballen2 Introduction Marketing is an essential component of a business (Guidry 2013). In fact, it is the heart of any business, serving the vital function of transforming production activities into financial performance, thus ensuring the survival of the business. Marketing is key regardless of the type of business (this includes agriculture). Despite the important role of marketing, many smallholding operators/growers are reluc- tant to create a marketing plan. These operators continue to operate on the basis of trying to sell what they can produce rather than producing what they can sell. Some claim they do not have time to develop a marketing plan, while others claim there is no need for such a plan. The result of such shortsightedness is that some operators eke out a meager living, witnessing their profit margins evaporate as they Credits: Thinkstock.com continue being price takers instead of price makers. As the saying goes, “if you fail to plan, then you plan to fail.” Rationale for Marketing Plan Whether you are a large-farm or small-farm business, you A quick online search will provide a list of reasons why a can benefit from developing a marketing plan. Contrary to marketing plan is essential for your business operation. A popular belief, preparing such a plan does not require an marketing plan enormous amount of time and resources, but it does result in benefits that greatly exceed the costs. • Helps you reach your target audience In this article, we show how smallholders can develop a • Helps you boost your customer base simple marketing plan using our eight-step guide and our • Increases your bottom line marketing plan worksheet (Table 1). -
Advertising-And-Publicity-Release.Pdf
Cargill, Incorporated (707560) Cargill Animal Nutrition Business Unit NAME, LIKENESS AND/OR TESTIMONIAL RELEASE FOR ADVERTISEMENT AND/OR PUBLIC RELATIONS PURPOSES I, , residing at hereby grant to Cargill, Incorporated and/or its subsidiaries, agents, representatives, dealers, successors, assigns and licensees (collectively, “Cargill”) the permission to use my name, likeness, photograph or testimonial, or that of my minor child, as more specifically described in Exhibit A attached hereto, for any legitimate business purpose in Cargill’s sole discretion, including without limitation such purposes as marketing, advertising or general publicity, whether in tangible form or as a component of Cargill’s website. The grant includes the assignment of any rights, including copyrights, I may have in the same and includes the right to make alterations without restriction as long as such alteration does not materially change the photograph, likeness, and/or testimonial I have provided. I warrant and represent that the provisions of this Release are not in conflict with and do not violate any commitment, agreement, obligation or understanding that I now have or will in the future have with any other person or entity. I hereby release and discharge Cargill for any claims, losses, damages or liabilities incurred by me to the extent arising from Cargill’s use of the photograph, likeness, and/or testimonial within the scope of my consent set forth herein. This Release shall be governed by and construed in accordance with Minnesota law, without respect to its conflict of laws principles, and any disputes hereunder shall be brought in the state or federal courts in Hennepin County, Minnesota. -
Pricing in Industrial Markets a Case Study at Ovako Steel AB
2005:035 CIV MASTER’S THESIS Pricing in Industrial Markets A case study at Ovako Steel AB KENNETH AHLBERG MASTER OF SCIENCE PROGRAMME Luleå University of Technology Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Division of Industrial Marketing and e-Commerce 2005:035 CIV • ISSN: 1402 - 1617 • ISRN: LTU - EX - - 05/35 - - SE Preface This thesis marks the end of my education for a master’s degree in Chemical Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. The thesis was carried out at the marketing department of Ovako Steel AB in Hällefors, Sweden. First of all I would like to thank the people at the marketing department at Ovako Steel AB in Hällefors, for giving me the opportunity to conduct the research that was developed to this thesis, and helping me find the information I needed, by answering the many questions I had. Special thanks go to my supervisor at Ovako, Åke Nyström. Secondly I would like to thank my academic supervisor Lars Bäckström at the division of Industrial Marketing and e-Commerce at Luleå University of Technology, for the invaluable help he has given me with comments along the way. Third I would like to thank Jill Franzén for helping me with the proofreading and supporting me when the research was going slow. Finally I would like to thank all other people that have helped me with this thesis. Luleå, January 2005 Kenneth Ahlberg i Abstract The aim of this thesis has been to provide a better understanding of pricing within industrial markets. Previous researchers have established that when deciding pricing strategy and ultimately the final price for a product, the marketing managers must take many factors, both internal and external, into consideration. -
Simple Guide to Your Small Business MARKETING PLAN Illinois Small Business Development Centers "Experts, Networks, and Tools to Transform Your Business"
YOUR PLACE IN THE MARKETPLACE A Simple Guide To Your Small Business MARKETING PLAN Illinois Small Business Development Centers "Experts, networks, and tools to transform your business" Illinois Small Business Development Centers Jo Daviess Stephenson Winnebago Boone Mc Henry Lake (SBDC) provide information, confidential business guidance, training and other Carroll Ogle resources to early stage and existing small De Kalb Kane Cook businesses. Whiteside See Lee Illinois International Trade Centers (ITC) Du Page* Note Below provide information, counseling and Kendall Will training to existing, new to-export Henry Bureau La Salle companies inte rested in pursuing Rock Island Grundy international trade opportunities. Mercer Illinois Procurement Technical Stark Putnam Kankakee Knox Marshall Assistance Centers (PTAC) provide one- Warren Livingston Peoria Iroquois on-one counseling, technical Woodford information, marketing assistance and Henderson McLean training to existing businesses Fulton Tazewell that are interested in selling their Hancock Mc Donough Ford products and/or services to Vermilion Mason Champaign local, state, or federal Logan Schuyler De Witt government agencies. Adams Piatt Menard Brown Technology, Innovation and Cass Macon Entrepreneurship Specialty Sangamon (TIES) ten SBDC locations Morgan Douglas Edgar Pike Scott Moultrie help Illinois businesses, Christian Coles entrepreneurs and citizens to Shelby Greene Macoupin succeed in a changing economy by: Calhoun Clark developing the skills of their workers; Montgomery Cumberland -
Business and Marketing Career Pathway Examples
BUSINESS AND MARKETING CAREER PATHWAY EXAMPLES ACCOUNTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EXPLORATORY BUSINESS ADVANCED STUDIES BUSINESS MARKETING VISUAL MARKETING Digital Communications & Accounting 1, 2, 3 & 4 Digital Communications & Accounting 1 & 2 Digital Communications & Digital Communications & Technology Entrepreneurship Technology Introduction to Marketing Technology Technology Accounting 1 Business Law Accounting 1 & 2 Advanced Marketing & Introduction to Marketing Introduction to Marketing Accounting 2 Digital Communications & Introduction to Marketing Entrepreneurship Advanced Marketing & Advanced Marketing & Accounting 3 Technology Personal Finance or Economics Entrepreneurship or Business Law Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship Accounting 4 Economics or AP Micro/Macro Entrepreneurship AP Micro/Macro Economics Retail Management – Student Computer Graphics 1 Economics Store Photography 1 Introduction to Marketing Sample Entrepreneur 4-Year Plan (Middle School courses that support this 4-year plan are indicated in the chart below.) PERIOD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SAMPLE PATHWAY COLLEGE CREDITS Bellevue College = 28 college credits Accounting 1 & 2 – ACCT 101, ACCT 135 = 8 cr. Accounting 3 & 4 – ACCT 225 = 5 credits Entrepreneurship – BUS 250 = 5 credits Business Law – BUS&201 = 5 credits LANGUAGE LANGUAGE ARTS SOCIAL STUDIES SCIENCE MATH GRADE ELECTIVE ELECTIVE ELECTIVE Introduction to Marketing – MKTG 131 = 5 credits 6 x x x x Physical Education Media Technology Digital Communications & Technology = 7 x x x x Physical Education Health CS Discoveries 3 – 31 credits 8 x x x x Physical Education CS101 – Coding in Python CS102 – Coding in Python Shoreline Community College = 9 x x x x World Language Accounting 1 Accounting 2 5 college credits 10 Physical Education Accounting 3/4 Digital Communications & Introduction to Marketing – BUS 120 = 5 credits x x x x Technology See the College Credit table for more information 11 x x x x Physical Education Entrepreneurship Business Law and available credits. -
Advertising "In These Imes:"T How Historical Context Influenced Advertisements for Willa Cather's Fiction Erika K
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: English, Department of Department of English Spring 5-2014 Advertising "In These imes:"T How Historical Context Influenced Advertisements for Willa Cather's Fiction Erika K. Hamilton University of Nebraska-Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/englishdiss Part of the American Literature Commons Hamilton, Erika K., "Advertising "In These Times:" How Historical Context Influenced Advertisements for Willa Cather's Fiction" (2014). Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: Department of English. 87. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/englishdiss/87 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the English, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research: Department of English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. ADVERTISING “IN THESE TIMES:” HOW HISTORICAL CONTEXT INFLUENCED ADVERTISEMENTS FOR WILLA CATHER’S FICTION by Erika K. Hamilton A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: English Under the Supervision of Professor Guy Reynolds Lincoln, Nebraska May, 2014 ADVERTISING “IN THESE TIMES:” HOW HISTORICAL CONTEXT INFLUENCED ADVERTISEMENTS FOR WILLA CATHER’S FICTION Erika K. Hamilton, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2014 Adviser: Guy Reynolds Willa Cather’s novels were published during a time of upheaval. In the three decades between Alexander’s Bridge and Sapphira and the Slave Girl, America’s optimism, social mores, culture, literature and advertising trends were shaken and changed by World War One, the “Roaring Twenties,” and the Great Depression. -
Cameron Publicity & Marketing
Cameron Publicity & Marketing Cameron Publicity & Marketing was founded by Ben Cameron, who has over 20 years of experience in book promotion, publishing and sales with both traditional publishers and self-published authors. In 2006 he created Cameron Publicity & Marketing to offer the same marketing services that large publishers benefit from to independent authors. We present your book to television, radio, newspapers, magazines and online media professionals in the UK, Republic of Ireland and worldwide. We read every book and specifically tailor our campaigns for optimal results. Publicity Campaigns Three Month Complete Publicity Service A comprehensive book promotion service. Ideal for non-fiction books with strong media interest and topical subject areas. • Advance publicity consultation and campaign plan • Worldwide English-language media outreach • Both a professionally prepared press release (about the book) and an interview release (about what the author has to say) • Personal media outreach by an experienced Publicity Manager for 3 months, who will have read your book and you will get to know well during the campaign • Pitching multiple storylines to many subject interest areas • Additional pitching of by-line articles written by the author (if desired) • Weekly publicity updates detailing our activities and responses from our contacts. Reports can also be sent to your publisher or sales team so that they are able to act upon publicity results • Interview scheduling and advice • Social media support from our Twitter and Facebook accounts • Three month NetGalley listing Cost: £5,700 plus VAT Six Week Publicity Service The ideal book publicity option for most books, including fiction, non-fiction and children's books. -
Business-To-Business Markets and Marketing
Fundamentals of Business-to-Business Marketing 2011 , book: Author: Ross Brennan, Louise Canning and Raymond McDowell; Edition: 2; Editor: SAGE Chapter 1: Business-to-Business markets and marketing Introduction Lying behind every consumer purchase in a modern economy there is a network of business-to business transactions. Even an apparently simple transaction at the supermarket is only made possible by a web of supporting b2b transactions. In this chapter our aims are to clarify just what is meant by business markets, to explain why it is considered necessary to distinguish them from consumer markets, and to show how business products and markets can be classified. In order to emphasize that business markets involve both goods and services, we start off by looking at the industrial structure of modern economies, to see how influential the service sector has become. The subsequent section deals with the core idea of this chapter. Namely that business markets can be differentiated from consumer markets along a number of dimensions: market structure differences, buying behavior differences, and marketing in practice differences. The nature of Business Markets The key distinguishing feature of a b2b market is that the customer is an organization rather than an individual consumer. Both tend to buy similar products and therefore one cannot distinguish unambiguously between a business market and a consumer market on the basis of the nature of the product. A brief observation on terminology is necessary at this point. The generally accepted term for the marketing of goods and services to organizations is b2b marketing. This gradually superseded the older term ‘industrial marketing’ in the 80s and 90s.