DOCSLIB.ORG

The Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin of the Arabian Region: a Status Review Robert M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin of the Arabian Region: a Status Review Robert M Aquatic Mammals 2004, 30(1), 111-124, DOI 10.1578/AM.30.1.2004.111 The Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin of the Arabian Region: A Status Review Robert M. Baldwin,1 Moth Collins,1 Koen Van Waerebeek,2 and Gianna Minton1 1Oman Whale and Dolphin Research Group, P.O. Box 2531, CPO 111, Sultanate of Oman 2Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Museo de los Delfines, Pucusana, Peru Abstract relative values found in individuals from the Saudi Arabian Gulf coast. Cranial abnormalities were Records of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin sight- few. Recommendations are made for conserva- ings, strandings, and museum specimens in the tion management-oriented research focusing on Arabian region were compiled and used to review stock identity and status assessments, as well as the distribution and status of this species. Nominal for monitoring of fisheries by-catch, clearer defi- usage of Sousa chinensis (Osbeck, 1765) has been nition of other threats, continued specimen and retained as a pragmatic measure, although the sample collection, and training of local scientists. species present in the region resembles Sousa plumbea (Cuvier, 1828). Little is known about Key Words: Humpback dolphin, Sousa, Arabia, the ecology of this species in the region. Most Persian Gulf, Middle East, Oman, distribution, available information on S. chinensis in the region abundancy conservation originates from the Sultanate of Oman, where this species is among the most commonly recorded Introduction cetaceans; however, there is no absolute measure of abundance for anywhere in the region and the Available information on general and specific status of the species is unknown. Distribution aspects of small cetaceans of the Arabian region, is described for the region to include much of including S. chinensis, can be found in reviews the Arabian (Persian) Gulf, Arabian Sea, Gulf by Leatherwood (1986), de Silva (1987), and of Aden, and Red Sea, but notably excludes the Baldwin et al. (1999) and in results of surveys Gulf of Oman. This discontinuous distribution (Baldwin, 1995; Beadon, 1991; Frazier et al., suggests the possible presence of discrete popu- 1987; Gallagher, 1991; Papastavrou & Salm, lations within the region. Beach-cast/dead indi- 1991; Preen, 1987; Small & Small, 1991). viduals represent nearly two-thirds of all records Research and observations of cetaceans in the (n=303) of this species in Oman. Live sightings region have focused on defined areas, with most indicate unusually large group sizes (up to 100 available information on humpback dolphins individuals) in the Arabian Sea and Arabian Gulf. coming from waters off the Sultanate of Oman Occasional associations with Tursiops sp. and and the southern shores of the Arabian Gulf, Delphinus capensis tropicalis were documented. particularly the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Mating behavior and the presence of calves Saudi Arabia. In the Arabian region, S. chinen- were recorded in the months of April and May, sis was first identified from a skull collected in and calves were also reported in June, October, March 1948 from Karaman Island, Red Sea, by D. November, and December. Threats to humpback Thompson. The specimen is curated at the Natural dolphins in the Arabian region include incidental History Museum in London (BM 1948.3.13.1) capture in fishing nets, coastal and offshore devel- (Leatherwood, 1986). Subsequent records came opment (e.g., land reclamation, dredging, port and from both the western (Al Robbae, 1970, 1974) harbor construction), pollution, boat traffic, oil and the eastern (Pilleri & Gihr, 1974) Arabian and gas exploration (including seismic survey- Gulf. Evidence that additional early work was in ing), military exercises, and biotoxins associated progress in the region is provided by Gallagher with red tide events. Evidence for historic and (1991), who documented collections of humpback current directed catches of S. chinensis is limited, dolphins from Bahrain, United Arab Emirates but opportunistic hunting may occur. Intraspecific (UAE), and Oman that date back to the 1970s. variation in cranial measurements of individuals Surveys conducted specifically to observe and from the Arabian Sea coast of Oman fall within record cetaceans in the region began in 1973 © 2004 EAAM 112 Baldwin et al. (Pilleri, 1973). Several surveys were conducted Materials and Methods in the region during the early 1980s (Alling et al., 1982; Harwood, 1981; Keller et al., 1982; Review of Available Literature and Databases Robineau & Rose, 1984). These included a Data reviewed here come from published litera- survey of humpback dolphins in the UAE in 1984 ture, and from databases of cetacean records for (UAECD) and surveys conducted for dugongs both the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Oman, (Dugong dugon) in the Arabian Gulf (1986 and held by the Emirates Natural History Group, Abu 1999) and Red Sea (1986), which included docu- Dhabi, and the Oman Natural History Museum mentation of sightings of humpback dolphins (ONHM), respectively. These are referred to in this (Preen, 1989, in press a). Results of the latter paper as the UAE Cetacean Database (UAECD) survey prompted an investigation of extensive and the Oman Cetacean Database (OMCD). The marine mammal mortality in the Arabian Gulf latter is current and comprehensive, whereas the (Preen, in press b; ROPME, 1986). Other survey former was discontinued in 1995. These databases work in the Arabian Gulf focused specifically on were established and maintained by one or more small cetaceans, including S. chinensis (Baldwin, of the authors and incorporate records from a vari- 1995, 1996; Robineau & Fiquet, 1994, 1996). ety of sources, including published literature, data Recent data on humpback dolphins of the collected by the authors during systematic surveys region come from incidental observations at sea and along shorelines, data collected during recorded during more general surveys of marine other dedicated cetacean surveys, data from addi- and coastal habitats, particularly along the coast tional specimens curated at the ONHM and in of Oman (Papastavrou & Salm, 1991; Salm, private collections in the UAE, and some inciden- Jensen, & Papastavrou, 1993; Weidleplan, 1992), tal data submitted by other recorders. All unpub- as well as in Somalia (e.g., Schleyer & Baldwin, lished records referred to in the present account 1999; Small & Small, 1991). Cetacean research were either made by the authors or verified to have in Oman undertaken by the authors included sufficient and reliable supporting data to enable systematic small boat surveys in nearshore and discussion. Unconfirmed records or those lacking offshore waters, as well as surveys for beach-cast supporting information have been discounted and cetaceans. are not included. Because records from published The taxonomy of the genus Sousa remains sources also are stored in the databases, analysis unresolved. A wide variety of species’ definitions of information included the sorting of data to have been suggested in the past few decades, from ensure that no duplication of records occurred. a single highly variable species, S. chinensis, to recognition of all five nominal species (see discus- Study Area sion by Rice, 1998). As a pragmatic measure, and We define the Arabian region as coastal and off- until morphological and molecular genetic studies shore waters of the Arabian Peninsula, including more firmly establish taxonomic relationships waters of the Arabian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, west- and nomenclature, we temporarily retain nominal ern Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea. Data usage of S. chinensis (Osbeck, 1765). Populations from elsewhere, such as along the African coast of in the Arabian region show morphological affili- the Red Sea, are included in cases where these are ation to S. plumbea (Cuvier, 1829), however—a considered relevant or appropriate. species recognized by Hershkovitz (1966) and followed by Rice (1998) for animals that inhabit Museum Specimens waters from the western Bay of Bengal, the To describe intraspecific cranial variation, 38 Arabian Sea, and south to South Africa. Fairly cranial measurements and tooth counts (Table 1), translated in English as “plumbeous dolphin,” S. slightly modified from Perrin (1975), were taken plumbea aptly describes the widely recognized for 28 skulls collected from the coasts of Oman colouration distinction from the lightly coloured (Table 2). The sample was not gender-stratified, as Pacific humpback dolphin or Chinese white skulls were derived exclusively from beach-cast dolphin S. chinensis. The plumbeous dolphin specimens, many of which were too decomposed also exhibits a highly conspicuous dorsal hump to allow for sex determination. Cranial maturity that is absent in S. chinensis (see Jefferson & was determined from the degree of fusion in seven Karczmarski, 2001), while its cranial characteris- indicative cranial suture lines (Van Waerebeek, tics indicate taxonomic differentiation at least at 1993), while taking into account possible sec- the subspecific level (Jefferson & Van Waerebeek, ondary suture de-fusing in highly weathered 2004). specimens. Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins in the Arabian Region 113 Table 1. Cranial measurements and tooth counts used for in the Musandam region of Oman (Baldwin & descriptive craniometrics of Sousa from Oman; slightly Salm, 1994; Pilleri & Gihr, 1974), and off Iran modified from Perrin (1975). (Pilleri & Gihr, 1974). This species’ distribution (Figures 2 & 3) 1. Condylobasal length (cbl) extends into the coastal waters of the northern 2. Rostrum length (rl) extreme of the Gulf of Oman as far south as 3. Rostrum width at base (rwb) 26°07’N, 56°23’E in Musandam. No sightings 4. Rostrum width at 60mm (rw60) 1 or strandings of S. chinensis have been reported 5. Rostrum width at ⁄4 length (rw14l) between Musandam and Ra’s Al Hadd (22 30’N, 1 ° 6. Rostrum width at ⁄2 length (rw12l) 59 49’E), which marks the boundary between 3 ° 7. Rostrum width at ⁄4 length (rw34l) the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea (Baldwin 1 8. Premaxillary width at ⁄2 length (prmx12l) & Salm, 1994; Salm et al., 1993). The range of 9. Tip of rostrum to right external nare (trextn) S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies
    List of Marine Mammal Species and Subspecies Introduction The Committee on Taxonomy, chaired by Patricia Rosel, produced the first official Society for Marine Mammalogy list of marine mammal species and subspecies in 2010. Consensus on some issues has not been possible; this is reflected in the footnotes. The list is updated at least annually. The current version was updated in May 2020. This list can be cited as follows: “Committee on Taxonomy. 2019. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy, www.marinemammalscience.org, consulted on [date].” This list includes living and recently extinct (within historical times) species and subspecies. It is meant to reflect prevailing usage and recent revisions published in the peer-reviewed literature. Classification and scientific names follow Rice (1998), with adjustments reflecting more recent literature. Author(s) and year of description of each taxon follow the Latin (scientific) species name; when these are enclosed in parentheses, the taxon was originally described in a different genus. The Committee annually considers and evaluates new, peer-reviewed literature that proposes taxonomic changes. The Committee’s focus is on alpha taxonomy (describing and naming taxa) and beta taxonomy primarily at lower levels of the hierarchy (subspecies, species and genera), although it may evaluate issues at higher levels if deemed necessary. Proposals for new, taxonomically distinct taxa require a formal, peer-reviewed study and should provide robust evidence that some subspecies or species criterion was met. For review of species concepts, see Reeves et al. (2004), Orr and Coyne (2004), de Queiroz (2007), Perrin (2009) and Taylor et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Trends of Seabirds Breeding in South Africa's Eastern Cape and the Possible Influence of Anthropogenic and Environ
    Crawford et al.: Population trends of seabirds breeding in South Africa 159 POPULATION TRENDS OF SEABIRDS BREEDING IN SOUTH AFRICA’S EASTERN CAPE AND THE POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ROBERT J.M. CRAWFORD,1,2 PHILIP A. WHITTINGTON,3,4 A. PAUL MARTIN,5 ANTHONY J. TREE4,6 & AZWIANEWI B. MAKHADO1 1Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Marine and Coastal Management, Private Bag X2, Rogge Bay, 8012, South Africa ([email protected]) 2Animal Demography Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa 3East London Museum, PO Box 11021, Southernwood, 5213, South Africa 4Department of Zoology, PO Box 77000, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, 6031, South Africa 5PO Box 61029, Bluewater Bay, 6212, South Africa 6PO Box 211, Bathurst, 6166, South Africa Received 28 August 2008, accepted 4 April 2009 SUMMARY CRAWFORD, R.J.M., WHITTINGTON, P.A., MARTIN, A.P., TREE, A.J. & MAKHADO, A.B. 2009. Population trends of seabirds breeding in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and the possible influence of anthropogenic and environmental change. Marine Ornithology 37: 159–174. Eleven species of seabird breed in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. Numbers of African Penguin Spheniscus demersus and Cape Gannet Morus capensis in the province increased in the 20th century, but penguins decreased in the early 21st century. A recent eastward displacement of Sardine Sardinops sagax off South Africa increased the availability of this food source to gannets but did not benefit penguins, which have a shorter foraging range. Fishing and harbour developments may have influenced the recent decrease of penguins.
    [Show full text]
  • SA Wioresearchcompendium.Pdf
    Compiling authors Dr Angus Paterson Prof. Juliet Hermes Dr Tommy Bornman Tracy Klarenbeek Dr Gilbert Siko Rose Palmer Report design: Rose Palmer Contributing authors Prof. Janine Adams Ms Maryke Musson Prof. Isabelle Ansorge Mr Mduduzi Mzimela Dr Björn Backeberg Mr Ashley Naidoo Prof. Paulette Bloomer Dr Larry Oellermann Dr Thomas Bornman Ryan Palmer Dr Hayley Cawthra Dr Angus Paterson Geremy Cliff Dr Brilliant Petja Prof. Rosemary Dorrington Nicole du Plessis Dr Thembinkosi Steven Dlaza Dr Anthony Ribbink Prof. Ken Findlay Prof. Chris Reason Prof. William Froneman Prof. Michael Roberts Dr Enrico Gennari Prof. Mathieu Rouault Dr Issufo Halo Prof. Ursula Scharler Dr. Jean Harris Dr Gilbert Siko Prof. Juliet Hermes Dr Kerry Sink Dr Jenny Huggett Dr Gavin Snow Tracy Klarenbeek Johan Stander Prof. Mandy Lombard Dr Neville Sweijd Neil Malan Prof. Peter Teske Benita Maritz Dr Niall Vine Meaghen McCord Prof. Sophie von der Heydem Tammy Morris SA RESEARCH IN THE WIO ContEnts INDEX of rEsEarCh topiCs ‑ 2 introDuCtion ‑ 3 thE WEstErn inDian oCEan ‑ 4 rEsEarCh ActivitiEs ‑ 6 govErnmEnt DEpartmEnts ‑ 7 Department of Science & Technology (DST) Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) Department of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries (DAFF) sCiEnCE CounCils & rEsEarCh institutions ‑ 13 National Research Foundation (NRF) Council for Geoscience (CGS) Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) Institute for Maritime Technology (IMT) KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board (KZNSB) South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON) Egagasini node South African
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Selected Behaviours of Humpback Dolphins Sousa Chinensis
    Aquatic Mammals 1997, 23.3, 127-133 Description of selected behaviours of humpback dolphins Sousa chinensis Leszek Karczmarski1, Meredith Thornton2 and Victor G. Cockcroft3 1Centre for Dolphin Studies, Port Elizabeth Museum, P.O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa, c/o Department of Zoology, University of Port Elizabeth, P.O. Box 1600, Port Elizabeth 6000, South Africa 2*Port Elizabeth Museum, P.O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa 3Centre for Dolphin Studies, Port Elizabeth Museum, P.O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa Introduction The intentional beaching of humpback dolphins when feeding, which was reported to occur in Despite its apparent wide distribution in the Indo- tidal channels of the Bazaruto Archipelago, Pacific, the humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) Mozambique (Peddemors & Thompson, 1994) was does not appear to be abundant anywhere and neither seen in Algoa Bay (present study) nor remains little known (Klinowska, 1991; Reeves & previously recorded in Eastern Cape waters. The Leatherwood, 1994). The natural history of hump- topography of the environment could be the reason. back dolphins has recently been studied in detail in The Eastern Cape region lacks extensive, shallow, the Algoa Bay region on the south Eastern Cape tidally influenced bays, lagoons or estuaries which coast of South Africa (Karczmarski, 1996). This seem to facilitate the intentional beaching of both long term study included many hours of field humpback dolphins off the Mozambican coast observations and provided an ideal opportunity to and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collect data on dolphin behaviour (Karczmarski & from several sites world-wide (e.g. Hoese, 1971; Cockcroft, submitted). This paper describes several Silber & Fertl, 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of the Atlantic Humpback Dolphin (Sousa Teuszii) in the Saloum Delta Biosphere Reserve, Senegal, 21 October to 7 November 2015
    A survey of the Atlantic humpback dolphin (Sousa teuszii) in the Saloum Delta Biosphere Reserve, Senegal, 21 October to 7 November 2015 Report author: Dr Caroline R. Weir Author contact: www.ketosecology.co.uk Email: [email protected] Tel: +44 (0)777 578 7564 On behalf of: SYLVATROP 26, Rte de Vannes - 44100 Nantes - FRANCE SIRET : 477 748 578 000 10 – NAF : 9499Z Tel : + 33 2 40 40 18 02 - Mobile : + 33 6 87 56 38 61 Email : [email protected] Web site : www.sylvatrop.org Local partners Direction des Parcs Nationaux (DPN) Direction des Aires Marines Communautaires Protégées (DAMCP) Submission date: 7 January 2016 (Version 2) Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1. Background 3 1.2. Objectives 3 2. METHODS 6 2.1. Study area 6 2.2. Survey coverage 9 2.3. Survey methods 10 2.3.1. Survey team 10 2.3.2. Survey methodology 11 2.3.3. Dolphin photo-identification 12 2.3.4. Data analysis 13 3. RESULTS 16 3.1. Survey effort 16 3.2. Dolphin sightings 19 3.3. Dolphin distribution 21 3.3.1. Survey data 21 3.3.2. Information from questionnaires 25 3.4. Dolphin relative abundance 28 3.5. Dolphin group size and composition 29 3.6. Dolphin photo-identification 33 3.6.1. Minimum population size 33 3.6.2. Movements within the Saloum Delta 36 4. DISCUSSION 39 4.1. Survey effort and logistics 39 4.2. Dolphin distribution and movements 39 4.3. Photo-identification 42 4.4. Managing the Sousa dolphin population 45 4.5.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3: Description of the Affected Environment
    Proposed extension to the container berth and construction of an administration craft basin at the Port of Ngqura Chapter 3 : Description of the Affected Environment Chapter 3: Description of the Affected Environment Final Scoping Report – CSIR, April 2007 Page i Proposed extension to the container berth and construction of an administration craft basin at the Port of Ngqura Chapter 3 : Description of the Affected Environment Description of the Affected Environment 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT________ 3-1 3.1 Introduction _________________________________________________________3-1 3.2 Site location_________________________________________________________3-1 3.3 Biophysical environment _______________________________________________3-2 3.3.1 Climate ____________________________________________________________ 3-2 3.3.2 Terrestrial features: landscape and geology ________________________________ 3-2 3.3.3 Vegetation __________________________________________________________ 3-3 3.3.4 Birds ______________________________________________________________ 3-3 3.3.5 Marine ecosystems ___________________________________________________ 3-3 3.4 Socio-economic environment ___________________________________________3-4 3.4.1 Demographics and human development___________________________________ 3-4 3.4.2 In-migration _________________________________________________________ 3-4 3.4.3 Initiatives to promote economic development _______________________________ 3-5 Final Scoping Report – CSIR, April 2007 Page ii Proposed extension to the
    [Show full text]
  • J.E.Afr.Nat.Hist.Soc. Vol.XXV No.3 (112) January 1966 CHECK LIST of ELOPOID and CLUPEOID FISHES in EAST AFRICAN COASTAL WATERS B
    J.E.Afr.Nat.Hist.Soc. Vol.XXV No.3 (112) January 1966 CHECK LIST OF ELOPOID AND CLUPEOID FISHES IN EAST AFRICAN COASTAL WATERS By G.F. LOOSE (East African Marine Fisheries Research Organization, Zanzibar.) Introduction During preliminary biological studies of the economically important fishes of the suborders Elopoidei and Clupeoidei in East African coastal waters, it was found that due to considerable confusion in the existing literature and the taxonomy of many genera, accurate identifi• cations were often difficult. A large collection of elopoid and clupeoid fishes has been made. Specimens have been obtained from purse-seine catches, by trawling in estuaries and shallow bays, by seining, handnetting under lamps at night, and from the catches of indigenous fishermen. A representative fartNaturalof thisHistory),collectionLondon,haswherenow beenI wasdepositedable to examinein the Britishfurther Museummaterial from the Western Indian Ocean during the summer of 1964. Based on these collections this check list has been prepared; a review on the taxonomy, fishery and existing biological knowledge of elopoid and clupeoid species in the East African area is in preparation. Twenty-one species, representing seven families are listed here; four not previously published distributional records are indicated by asterisks. Classification to familial level is based on Whitehead, P.J.P. (1963 a). Keys refer only to species listed and adult fishes. In the synonymy reference is made only to the original description and other subsequent records from the area. Only those localities are listed from which I have examined specimens. East Africa refers to the coastal waters of Kenya and Tanzania and the offshore islands of Pemba, Zanzibar and Mafia; Eastern Africa refers to the eastern side of the African continent, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL ^REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS for the YEARS 1
    Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL ^REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE YEARS 1981-1982 Marine Geoscience Group Department of Geology University of Cape Town December 1982 NGU-Tfc—Kh JOINT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY/UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN MARINE GEOSCIENCE UNIT TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 13 PROGRESS REPORTS FOR THE YEARS 1981-1982 Marine Geoscience Group Department of Geology University of Cape Town December 1982 The Joint Geological Survey/University of Cape Town Marine Geoscience Unit is jointly funded by the two parent organizations to promote marine geoscientific activity in South Africa. The Geological Survey Director, Mr L.N.J. Engelbrecht, and the University Research Committee are thanked for their continued generous financial and technical support for this work. The Unit was established in 1975 by the amalgamation of the Marine Geology Programme (funded by SANCOR until 1972) and the Marine Geophysical Unit. Financial ?nd technical assistance from the South African National Committee for Oceanographic Research, and the National Research Institute for Oceanology (Stellenbosch) are also gratefully acknowledged. It is the policy of the Geological Survey and the University of Cape Town that the data obtained may be presented in the form of theses for higher degrees and that completed projects shall be published without delay in appropriate media. The data and conclusions contained in this report are made available for the information of the international scientific community with tl~e request that they be not published in any manner without written permission. CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION by R.V.Dingle i PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE BATHYMETRY OF PART OF 1 THE TRANSKEI BASIN by S.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Msc Thesis
    THE ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE CETACEANS IN ALGOA BAY A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE of RHODES UNIVERSITY by BRIGITTE LEIGH MELLY January 2011 ABSTRACT The most recent study on cetaceans in Algoa Bay, South Africa, was conducted over 14 years ago. Consequently, knowledge of the cetacean species visiting this bay is currently based on incidental observations and stranding data. A number of developments in recent years: a deep- water port, proposed oil refinery, increased boating and fishing (commercial and recreational), a proposed Marine Protected Area, and the release of a whale-watching permit, all of which may impact these animals in some way, highlight the need for a baseline study on cetaceans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution, and habitat preference of cetaceans in Algoa Bay. Boat-based surveys were conducted monthly between March 2009 and July 2010. At each sighting the GPS location, species, group size and composition, and behaviour were recorded. Using GIS, the sighting data was related to data layers of geographical variables such as sea surface temperature, depth and sea-floor substrate. Approximately 365 hours of search effort were completed over 57 surveys, with a total of 346 sightings. Species observed were: southern right whales (Eubalaena australis), humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera brydei), Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus), Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis), and long- beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis). Southern right whales were observed during austral winter, utilising the shallow, protected areas of the bay as a mating and nursery ground.
    [Show full text]
  • Life History of the Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin in the Pearl
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UNL | Libraries University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 2011 Life history of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin in the earlP River Estuary, southern China Thomas A. Jefferson Clymene Enterprises, [email protected] Samuel K. Hung Hong Kong Cetacean Research Project Kelly M. Robertson NOAA Frederick I. Archer NOAA Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Jefferson, Thomas A.; Hung, Samuel K.; Robertson, Kelly M.; and Archer, Frederick I., "Life history of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin in the Pearl River Estuary, southern China" (2011). Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce. 283. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub/283 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Commerce at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, **(*): ***–*** (*** 2011) C 2011 by the Society for Marine Mammalogy DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00462.x Life history of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin in the Pearl River Estuary, southern China THOMAS A. JEFFERSON Clymene Enterprises, 5495 Camino Playa Malaga, San Diego, California 92124, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] SAMUEL K. HUNG Hong Kong Cetacean Research Project, Lam Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong KELLY M.
    [Show full text]
  • To Marine Meteorological Services
    WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION Guide to Marine Meteorological Services Third edition PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS PUBLICATION IS GOING TO BE UPDATED BY END OF 2010. WMO-No. 471 Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization - Geneva - Switzerland 2001 © 2001, World Meteorological Organization ISBN 92-63-13471-5 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE FOR NOTING SUPPLEMENTS RECEIVED Supplement Dated Inserted in the publication No. by date 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD................................................................................................................................................. ix INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER 1 — MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES ........................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Requirements for marine meteorological information....................................................................... 1-1 1.2.1
    [Show full text]
  • Synopsis of the Family Callianassidae, with Keys to Subfamilies, Genera and Species, and the Description of New Taxa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea)
    ZV-326 (pp 03-152) 02-01-2007 14:37 Pagina 3 Synopsis of the family Callianassidae, with keys to subfamilies, genera and species, and the description of new taxa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea) K. Sakai Sakai, K. Synopsis of the family Callianassidae, with keys to subfamilies, genera and species, and the description of new taxa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Thalassinidea). Zool. Verh. Leiden 326, 30.vii.1999: 1-152, figs 1-33.— ISSN 0024-1652/ISBN 90-73239-72-9. K. Sakai, Shikoku University, 771-1192 Tokushima, Japan, e-mail: [email protected]. Key words: Crustacea; Decapoda; Thalassinidae; Callianassidae; synopsis. A synopsis of the family Callianassidae is presented. Defenitions are given of the subfamilies and genera. Keys to the sufamilies, genera, as well as seperate keys to the species occurring in certain bio- geographical areas are provided. At least the synonymy, type-locality, and distribution of the species are listed. The following new taxa are described: Calliapaguropinae subfamily nov., Podocallichirus genus nov., Callianassa whitei spec. nov., Callianassa gruneri spec. nov., Callianassa ngochoae spec. nov., Neocallichirus kempi spec. nov. and Calliax doerjesti spec. nov. Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 3 Systematics .............................................................................................................................. 7 Subfamily Calliapaguropinae nov. .....................................................................................
    [Show full text]