1~~~ 1. COXC+RESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 563
ENATE. lution 133, directing the Federal Trade Commission to investi gate the conditions affecting the demand for foreign disposition, TuE DAY Decem.ber 20, 19E1. movement, and use of American exported grain, which were referred to the Committee on .Agriculture and Forestry. The Chaplain, ReY. J. J. ::\Iuir, D. D., offered the following 1\Ir. CALDER presented six petitions of 6,224 citizens of the prayer: State of New York, praying for the recognition of the Irish Our Father, Thou art the author and giver of every. goocl and republic by the Government of the United States, which were perfect gift, and at thi season of the year we especially think referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. of Thine unspeakable gift in the person and ministry of Thy Son, Mr. McLEAN presented resolutions· adopted by the boa1·d of our Savior. In His name we humbly beseech Thy blessing upon directors of the Waterbury Chamber of Commerce, of 'Vater our daily tasks. Help us so to walk in the ways of Thine own bury, and the Derby Business l\Ien's Association, of Derby, both appointment that we shall fulfill our duty in Thy fear and to in the State of Connecticut, favoring the retention of the Amer Thy glory. In Christ's name we ask it. Amen. ican valuation plan in the pending tariff bill, which were re ferred to the Committee on Finance. FRANK B. l;lRANDEGEE, a Senator from the State of Connecti He also presented resolutions adopted by members of Mary c:ut, appeared in his seat to-day. Clapp Wooster Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, NAMING A PRESIDI::-i"G OFFICEr.. of New Haven, and of Roger Sherman Chapter, Daughters of The Secretary, George A. Sanderson, read the following com the American Revolution, of New l\Iilforcl, both in the State munication: of Connecticut, favoring the passage of ·Senate bill 1967, de UNITED STATES SE~ATE, claring the battle field of Yorktown a national military park Wasliington, D. C., December 20, 1921. upon the acquisition of the site at a co t not exceeding $100,000, To the SEXATE: which were referred to the Committee on Appropriations . .Heing temporarily absent from the Senate, I appoint Ron. SELDEN P. SrENCER, a Senator from the State of Missouri, to perform the He also presented a petition of the Woman's Christian Tem duties of the Chair this legislative day. perance Union of Stafford Springs, Conn., praying for the pas ALBERT B. CUMMINS, sage of the so-called Lehlbach-Sterling civil-service reclassi P1·esident pt·o tempore. fication bill, which was referred to the Committee on Civil Mr. SPE..~CER thereupon took the chair as Presiding Officer. Service. The reading clerk proceeded to read the Journal of yester He also presented a resolution adopted by a meeting at day·...: proceedings, when, on request of l\Ir. CURTIS and by unani Waterbury, Conn., November 27, 1921, of about 2,000 citizens mous consent, the further reading was dispensed with and the of Lithuanian birth or descent, protesting against alleged inhu Journal was approved. man and barbaric acts of Poles in Vilna, and the support MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. afforded Poland by the French Republic, and requesting that restitution be mane for damages to Lithuania caused by the A mes ·age from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Over Poles; that the guilty Polish leaders be punished ; that the hue, its enrolling clerk, announced that the Honse had passed French withdraw from l\lemel and vicinity, etc., which was the bill ( S. 2780) to amend section 9 of an act entitled "An act referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. to define, regulate, and punish trading with the enemy, and for other purposes," approved October 6, 1917, as amended. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. The message also announced that the House had passed the :Mr. KENYO);", from the Committee on Agriculture and For bill ( s. 2591) to provide for the construction of a public bridge estry, to which was referred the joint resolution ( S. J. Res. aero s the Niagara River, with an amendment, in which it re 146) authorizing the President to extend inYitation · to foreign quested the concurrence of the Senate. Governments to send delegates to a world's dairy congress in The message further announced that the House had passed 1923, reported it without amendment. bills of the following titles, in which it reque ted· the concur 1\Ir. LADD, from the Committee -on Agriculture and Fore try, rence of the Senate: to which was referred the resolution ( S. Res. 133) directing H. R.1577. An act to provide a p~·eliminary survey of Co\vlitz the Federal Trade Oommi ·sion to investigate the conditions River, Wash., with a view to the control of its floods; affecting the demand for foreign disposition, movement, and H. R. 1578. An act to provide a preliminary survey of the use of American exported grain, reported it ·without amend Puyallup River, 'Va ·h., with a view to the control of its floods; ment. and Mr. NEW, from the Committee on Territories and Insular H. R. 8344. An act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior Possessions, to which was referred the bill (H. R. 6557) to to grant extensions of time under oil and gas permiL and for authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to repair and rebuild other purposes. customs buildings in Porto Rico, and to pay for same out of PETITION A. D MEMORIALS. duties collected in Porto Rico, reported it without amendment l\lr. ROBIKSON presented a telegram ill the nature of a peti and submitted a report (No. 368) thereon. tion from the Arkadelphia Milling Co., of Little Rock, .Ark., Mr. CAPPER, from the Committee on Agriculture and For praying that corn flour, grits, and cream meal, rather than estry, to which was referred the bill (S. 2023) defining the corn, be exported to relieve distress in Ru sia, which was re crop failure in the production of wheat, rye, or oats by those ferred to the Committee on Appropriations. who borrowed money from the Government of the United States He also presented a letter in the nature of a petition from for the purchase of wheat, rye, or oats for seed, and for other R. E. Lee 'Vilson, of Wilson, Ark., praying that adequate appro purposes, reported it without amendment and submitted a 369) priation be made for tbe continuance of expe_riment work ~l report (No. thereon. animal bu.sbandry in Arkansas, which was referred to the Com l\Ir. :PAGE, from the Committee on Naval .Affairs, to which mittee on Agriculture and Forestry. were referred the following bills, submitted adverse reports He also pre ented a resolution adopted by the Clewland thereon, which were agreed to, and the bills were indefinitely (Ohio) com·ention of the National Federation of Business and postponed: Profe ~. ·ional Women'· Clubs, commending the President of tile H. R. 2558. An act for the relief of Richard P. 1\!cCullough United States for calling the Conference ou Limitation of Arma (Rept. No. 370) ; and ment, which ·was referred to the Committee on Foreign Rela- H. R. 'iS'iO. An act for the relief of I. C. Johnson, jr. (Rept. tions. · Ko. 3Tl). BILLS INTRODUCED. ~ 1\lr. PAGE presented resolutions adopted b~- the annual meet ing of tbe Orange County (Yt.) District of the Ne\\ England Bi11 were introduced, read the first time, and, by unanimous Milk Producers' A.· ·ociation, favoring the enactment of the so consent. the second time, and referred as follows: ca.lied Voigt bill prohibiting interstate commerce in the product BY 1\Ir. TR.AJ\11\lELL: known as "filled milk,"' tbe enactment of the so-called Capper A.' bill ( S. 2889) to provide additional funds for loans to Yolstead bill giYing farmers the right to pool their products for farmers through the Federal land banks; to the Committee , marketing purposes, etc.. and inclusion in the permanent tariff on Bankino- and Currency. bill of rates requested by the New England Dairy Tariff Com A bill (S. 2890) authorizing the War Finance Corporation t.o mittee which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture make advances and to purchase securities to provide relief for and Forestry. . producers of and dealers in agricultural products un.til July 1, Mr. LADD presented petitions of sundry citizen..; of Corinth, 1923, under the provisions of sections 21, 22, 23, and 24 of the Cooperstown, Hope, Larimore, Willow City, Rolette, Benedict, War Finance Corporation act, approved April 5, 1918, as Bisbee, Hatton, Foxholm, Van Hook. Rettinger, Thompson. amended by an act approYed .August 24, 1921. Lan~ford, NortonYille, Adrian. Rnso. and Buxton, all in the The YICE PRESIDENT. The bill will be referred to the State of North Dakota, praying for the passage of Senate reso- Committee on Finance. 564 CO ·GR.ESSIONAL R.EOORD- SENATE. DJ~CB:ThiBER. 20,
:\I.r. TRA... Ml\.IELL. I suggest that the bill be referred to the Whereas the S~nate desires information upon the question of whcthel' Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. I think that com or not there ~s ~uch n~mber of cases constant~y pending in said court as to make It Impossible for the court to diSpose of cases without mittee handled the measure when it was up before. long delay and hardship upon litigants because of their inability to Mr. SMOOT. The legislation creating the War Finance Cor ~!\frompt action in this the highest court in the land: Therefore poration was considered by the Finance Committee. Mr. TRAl\fl\IELL. I am not particular about the reference. Resolyed, That the Ch}ef Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States IS requested to dll'ect the clerk of said court to furnish to the l\Ir. SMOOT. Reference to the Finance Committee would be Senate such data and information as may be necessary to indicate the in regular order. condition of the docket of the said court ; to advise the number of cases l\fr. TRAMMELL. I was under the irnpre sion that the on the docket awaiting final disposition by the court; to give the a>er age. length or time required for ~ decision after cases are ready for amended act providing for the extension of the activities of action by the C()urt; and to furniSh such further information a the the '\Var Finance Corporation was referred to the Committee on Chief Justice may order the clerk to transmit to the Senate in re ponse Agriculture and Forestry. I may be mistaken about it, how to this request regarding the status of the litigation in the said court. ever. l\1r. TRAl\ll\fELL. I understand that the.. resolution zoe l\Ir. SMOOT. The provision for its creation was incorporated over under the rule. ~ in the revenue bill of 1917 or 1918, I forget which. The VICE PRESIDENT. It '""ill go over under the rule. Mr. TRAl\lMELL. The reference made by the Chair will IJe INVE STIGA'l'ION OF CIVIL-SERVICE EXAMINATIONS. atisfactory to me. By Mr. KENYON : Ur. ROBINSON. I submit a re olution, which I ask mar be A bill (S. 2891) to amend section 1 of the act entitled "An act read, printed, and lie on the table. making appropriations for the service of the Post Office De The resolution (S. Res. 199) was read, as follows: partment for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1913, and for other Resolved, That a committee of five Senators, who shall be members of the Committee on Civil Service, be appointed by the President of the purposes," approved August 24, 1912, as amended ; to the Com Senate, and the said committee is hereby authorized and instructed to mittee on Post Offices and Post Roads. 1n>est1gate the proceedings of the Examining Division of the Civil By Mr. McNARY: Service Commission, and pru·ticularly to ascertain whet!ler political in fluence has been used in said examinations and in the making and A bill (S. 2892) granting an increase of pension to Adaline alteration of grades relating to the same, and whether the act of Con 1\I. Underwood; to the Committee on Pension . gress giving preference to ex-service men in appointment to office under civil-service 1·egulation has been observed and executed. UNrrED STATES JUDGES. Said committee is empowered to sit durin"' the recess and ses. ions l\Ir. CURTI.' ·ubmitted an amendment intendeu to be pro of the Senate, at such times and places as by it may be deemed ad visable, to require by subpoma or otherwise the attendance of witnes e. po ed by him to the bill (H. R. 9103) for the appointment of and the p;:oduction of books, papers, and documents, to administer additional district judges for certain courts of the United oaths and to employ stenographers at a cost not exceeding $1.2:> per States, to provide for annual conferences of certain judges of printed page, and such clerical assistance as may be necessary. .All expenses of the committee incurred under this resolution shall bP paid United States courts, to autho1·ize the designation, assignment, out of the contingent fund of the Senate on vouchers authorized by the and appointment of judges out ·ide their districts, and for other committee and signed by the chairman thereof. pm·poses, which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary Said committee shall report its proceedings and findin"' to t he ~en an
duty of the Nation is to bring agriculture through this period with the Mr. CALDER. I move tbat the Senate concur in the amend least possible damage." ment of the House. Mr. · Wallace advocated Federal supervision of stockyards, market The motion was agreed to. agencies, and grain exchanges; more credit for the farmer ; improve· ment of marketing methods and transportation of farm products at PRESIDENTIAL APPROVAL. " lowest possible cost " consistent with the cost of maintaining the A message from the President of the United States, by -1\Ir. railroads. Latta, one of his secretaries, announced that on December 20, RELIEF OF DISTRESS IN RUSSIA. , ' 1921, the President approved and signed the bill (S. 2108) pro The VICE PRESIDENT. Morning busine s is closed. hibiting the interment of the body of any person in the ceme Mr. SMOOT. I ask unanimous consent that the Senate pro tery of White's Tabernacle No. 39 of the Ancient United Order ceed to the consideration of Order o"i Business 369, the bill of Sons and Daughters, Brethren and Sisters of Moses, in the (H. R. 9548) for the relief of the distressed and starving people District of Columbia. of Russia. REPORT OF J"'GYENILE COURT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBll (S. DOC, There- being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the NO. 106). Whole, proceeded to consider the bill, which was read as fol The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following lows: message from the President of the United States, which was Be it enacted, etc., That the President is hereby autl,loriz.ed, through such agency or agencies as he may designate, to purchase in the United 1·ead, ordered to be printed, and referred to the Committee on States and transport and distribute corn, seed grain, and preserved the District of Columbia: milk for the relief of the distressed and starving people of Russia and To the Oongress ot the United States: for spring planting in areas where seed grains have been exhausted. The President is hereby authorized to expend or cause to be expended, I transmit herewith, for the information of the Congress, the out of the funds of the United States Grain Corporation, a sum not report of the Juvenile Court c.f the District of Columbia for the exceeding $20,000,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this act: Prov-ided, That the period from July 1, 1917, to June 30, 1921. President shall, not later than December 31, 1922, submit to the Con WARREN G. HARDING. gress an itemized and detailed report of the expenditures and activities made and conducted through the agencies selected by bim, under the THE WHITE HouSE, December 20, 1921. authority of this act: Provided tm·the.r, That the commodities above enumerated so purchased shall be transported to their destination in NoTE.-Report accompanied similar message to the House of vessels of the United States, either those privately owned or owned by Representatives. the United States Shipping Board. THE "FARM BLOC" IN CONGRESS. 1\Ir. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a Mr. KENYON. Mr. President, I ask to have printed in the quorum. RECORD one or two short statements. In view of the o.ttack of The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will call the roll. the Secretary of War at a dinner or banquet somewhere a few The reading clerk called the roll, and the following Senators weeks ago on men who are trying to do something in Congress answered to their names : for agriculture I wish to place in the RECORD a reply from Ashurst Fernald Ladd Ransdell Capper's w·eekly, a paper edited by the junior Senator from Ball Fletcher Lodge Robinson Kansas [Mr. CAPPER]; and also an article appearing in the Bursum France McCumber Sheppard Calder Gla'Ss McKellar Smith Philadelphia North American of this date with reference to the Cameron Gooding McKinley Smoot speech of Secretary ·wallace last night in ·Boston, showing that Capper Hale McLean Spencer the entire Cabinet at least is not indorsing the attack of the Caraway Harris McNary Stanfield Colt Heflin 1\foses Sterling Secretary of War. Culberson Jones, Wash. Nelson Swanson 1\.lr. KING. Mr. President, may I say that I have not read Curtis Kendrick New Townsend the speech of the Secretary of War, but from -some newspaper Dial Kenyon Norbeck Trammell · accounts it seemed to me there was no attack upon agriculture Dillingham Keyes Page Wadsworth or the proponents of agriculture, but that it was rather an appeal du Pont King Pittman Walsh, 1\!ass. for the maintenance of parties and the contention that our 1\Ir. TRAMMELL. I desire to announce the absence of the Government was founded upon parties or at least that the ad junior Senator from Louisiana [Mr. BROUSSARD] on official ministration of the law and all the best interests of om· Gov business. ernment and the people would be subserved by the maintenance Mr. CURTIS. I desire to announce that the Senator from of party government in the United States. Connecticut [Mr. BRANDEGEE], the Senator from Kentucky [1.\Ir. Not being a Republican, of course I have no l'ight to par ERNS11], the Senator from Ohio [Mr. WILLis], the Senator from ticipate in the controversies of our Republican friends, but I Tennessee [Mr. SHIELDS], and the Senator from North Carolina think that much could be said in behalf of the Secretary of [1\fr. OVERMAN] are detained from the Chamber on official busi ·War. ness of the Senate. There being no objection, the matter referred to was ordered I also desire to announce that the junior Senator from to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: NeYada [Mr. OnDIE] is absent on the business of the Senate, and [From Capper's Weekly.] that the Senator from Nebraska [l\Ir. NoRRIS] is absent on ac (By ARTHUR CAPPER.) count of illness in his family. NOW WEEKS GOES FOR THE u BLOC." Mr. WALSH of Massachusetts. I desire to announce the Secretary Weeks, a new assailant of the farm bloc, is and long has absence of the Senator from Rhode Island [Mr. GEnRY] on been a Wall Street broker. He deplores the good old days of " Can nonism," and naturally the days of the agricultural bloc can not account of illness. appeal to him. To the West, if not to Wall Street, from CANNON to The VICE PRESIDENT. Fifty-two Senators having an the agricultural program championed at Washington by western repre swered to their names, a quorum of the Senate is present. sentatives spells progress. Then the farm bloc supported a successful effort to reduce the size of the Regular Army. AMENDMENT OF FEDERAL RESERVE ACT. . ..1\Ir. McLEAN. Mr. President, I submit a proposed unani~ [From the Philadelphia North American of Dec. 20, 1921.] mous-consent agreement in relation to the unfinished business WALLACE DEFENDS ORGANIZED STAND FOR FARM BLOC-SPJilECH rN BOSTON which I send to the desk. REVEALS CONFLICT IN HAllDIXG'S CABINET-URGES FEDERAL AID. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Connecticut · BOSTQN, December l!J. A sharp conflict within President Harding's Cabinet over the agri presents a request for unanimous consent, which will be read. cultural bloc in Congress was revealed here to-day in a speech by Secre The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. The Senator from Connecticut tary of Agriculture Wallace before the Boston Chamber of Commerce. [l\Ir. McLEAN] asks unanimous consent that at not later than Speaking in the stronghold of Secretary of War Weeks, who opened 2 o'clock p. m., on the calendar day of Tuesday, JanuaTy 17, the admi.nistration campaign to wipe out the farm bloc in a recent address in New York, Secretary Wallace vigorously upheld the bloc 1922, the Senate will proceed to vote, without further debate, members for their organized stand on recent legislation. upon any amendment that may be pending, any amendment Reciting instances of the farm bloc's influence in the Senate and House, Mr. Wallace declared "that anyone should be disposed to regard that may .be offered, and upon the bill ( S. 2263) to amend the such legislation as class legislation intended to or having the effect of Federal reserve act approved December 23, 1913, through the benefiting one group at the expense of other groups, is surprising." regular parliamentary stages to its final disposition; and that "Should those who have been charged with promoting class legisla after the hour of 1 o'clock p. m·., on said calendar day, no tion for the benefit of agriculture desire to retort," Mr. Wallace said " they could find many examples of unquestionable class legislation Senator shall speak more than once or longer than five minutes enacted on behalf of relatively smaller groups." upon the bill, or more than once or longer than five minutes " Forty per cent of the whole country is somewhat more than a • group.'" upon any amendment offered thereto. "It is time," Mr. Wallace said, "for the eastern industrial section to Mr. McLEAN. 1\:Ir. President, I should like to reserve the right realize that it is the farmers who feed the entire Nation and supply the to move to recommit the bill, and I assume that if I so desire largest market for manufactured products." Declaring that the United States is passing through the most severe I may have that privilege. If necessary, I desire to add such a agricultural depression in its history, ML'. Wallace said, "The first proviso to the proposed agreement. 566 CONG-RESSIONI\_L RECORD-SENATE. DECE~IBER 20,
The As r F; T A NT SECRETARY. If is proposed to add the follow distributed by any Russian agency. Every' pound of grain that ing provi.·o to the request for unanimous consent: will be shipped under this bill will be distributed by American 1-'rot:idcd, Tbat nothing in this agreement shall prevent the entertain agencies, and every pound of it will go to some suffering, start ment by the Cbair of a motion to recommit the bill. ing individual of that unhappy country. l\fr. HEFLIN. l\fr. President, my understanding on yester I noticed that there was some little opposition to the measure day was that the Senator from Connecticut was willing to have in the House; but I believe that when Senators follow the dis a Yote tak n upon this measure to-day, provided we did not cussion in the House they must conclude that there is only one insi ~ ou going on with it yesterqay. I know that I consented, thing to do under the circumstances, and that is to do what is so far as I was concerned, as others did on this side of the right, and to do what you would ask the people of the world Chnmber, to go into executive session under the impression we to do for you if you were in the same condition. were going to have a vote on the mea ure to-day. I was anxious Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President-- to obtain a Yote on it yesterday. There seems to be some mis The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Utah yield understanding nl>out this matter. Kow, the Senator from Con to the Senator from Florida? necticut wants to postpone action on it for three weeks or Mr. SMOOT. I do. more. Mr. FLETCHER. May I ask the Senator if ~ - J bas considered i\Ir. SMITH. ~Ir. President, if the Senator from Alabama the constitutional question as to whether or not Congress has will allow me, after a ·careful review of the situation during the the power and authority to make an appropriation of this kind time intervening between yesterda:sr and this morning, I think for this pmpose out of the money of the taxpayers of the coun it would be but justice to all interested parties, perhaps, if the try? The principal objection that was raised in tile other body, proposed unanimous-consent agreement were entered into. The I think, was based on constitutional grounds; at least one of bill is familiar to all Senators, and I do not think anything the main objections urged tllere was on that ground. I did not 'i'iOUld be gained at all by attempting to force its passage now. know whether the Senator had considered it or not. It will tand or fall by its own merits, and delay will not Mr. S~100T. I think the Senator will find that that was jeopardize it one way or another. I hope that the Senator pretty well answered in the discussions on the floor of the from Alabama, who has so earnestly cooperated in advocating House. I have not any doubt at all but that Congress bas a the passage of the bill, will unite with us and let us have the right to make this appropriation by way of gift to the Russian consideration of this question set for a time when we may dis people. The Congress of the United States has given to China cuss it in all of its phases. .After conference with the chair $20,000,000 to relieve the Chinese people of an obligation owing man of the Committee on Banking and Currency, I have agreed the United States. That action meant just so many dollars to to the request for unanimous consent, and I think that we the taxpayers in the United States. No question ever arose llould all accede to it. then, and I can not believe that there is anytbing in the ques Mr. HEFLIN. Well, ~Ir. President, I shall not object. I tion of the conStitutionality of a bill of this sort. ''"a very anxious to have a vote on the bill before the holidays, Mr. DIAL. Mr. President-- but I realize that the Senator from Connecticut and others who 'l'he VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Utah yield oppose the propo~ed substitute for the measure could keep us to the Senator from South Carolina? from having a vote upon it; and in order that we may have a Mr. SMOOT. I yield to the Senator. date c rtain fi.xecl for the determination of the question I shall Mr. DIAL. Under what provision of the Constitution have not object. we the right to pass such a bill? 'I'he VICE PRESIDE.r-T. I there objection to the request 1\Ir. KENYON. 1\fr. President, may I offer a suggestion? for unanimou. consent? The Chair hears none, and the unani Mr. SMOOT. I yield. mou -consent agreement is entered into. Mr. KENYON. When the bill was here cal'l'ying an appro priation of $100,000,000, as Senators will remember, for relief RELIEF OF DISTRESS IN RUSSIA. across the sea, some of us made arguments to the effect that the 'rile Senate, as in Committee of the Whole,~ resumed the con bill was not constitutional; that it was a pure gift. Speaking ideration of the bill (H. R 9548) for the relief of the dis only for myself, I do not believe that we have any right to vote tre ed and starving people of Russia. away public funds as a mere gift, if that is all there is to it. :Mr. Sl\100T. Mr. President I take it for granted that every I desire, however, to call the attention of the Senator from enator is aware of the conditions now existing in starving Florida and the attention of the Senator from South Carolina Ru. sia. They may not know the details, nor the extent of the to this fact in that connection : catastrophe which has befallen that people, but I am sure there This is not merely a gift. It is sound economic policy. We is not a man in public life who does not realize the horrible are helping the situation in our own country; and that takes it condition which confront the unfortunate population in certain out of the category of a mere· gratuity and brings it under the parts of Russia. So acute has the ituation become and so Constitution under the general-welfare clause. I think there broad is it . scope that the President of the United States took can be no doubt about it. occasion in his last message to call the attention of the Con . Mr. DIAL and Mr. FLETCHER addre sed the Chair. gress to it and to plead with Congress to provide an appropria Mr. SMOOT. I will go further than the Senator goes. tion to save the lives of hundreds of thousands of Russian chil Mr. KENYON. I am speaking merely from a constitutional (]ren, and al o of men and women in certain sections of Russia, standpoint. .1,'rom horrible death by · stanation. I agree with every word Mr. SMOOT. I will say that, as far as I am concerned, if a that the President aid in his message touching this matter. majority of the House of Representatives and a majority of the . At once action wa taken by the House of Representatives· a Senate of the United States will vote for and the President of bill was prepared appropriating $20,000,000 out of the funds' of the United States will sign a measure to relieve a suffering the United States Grain Corporation, not only for the purpose of people, to· keep millions from death, I as a citizen am willing feeding the ta.I·ving people of Russia to the extent of $10,- it shall be done, even though its constitutionality is questioned. 000,000, a recolllDlended by the !>resident in his message to Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I can not follow the Sen Congre , bu there wa. added a $10,000,000 appropriation for ator as far as that. the purpo e of buying seed grain in order to provide the dis Mr. SMOOT. I will go that far, just the arne as if I aw a tres ed people in Russia with at least sufficient seed grain to dying man starving to death, and if I had control of funds as enable them to produce the uext harvest, in the hope that, per a trustee, I would see that he did not starve to death, and I chance, the elements will be more propitious in the coming year would take my chances of getting the-money back in some other than they haYe been during the last three years, for during that way, or take iny chances of being condemned for the act. I time there has been a drought in Rus ia the like of which has think life itself enters into this proposition to such a degree neYer bef.ore been knowu in all the history of that country. that I believe the American people from one end of the land to - l\Ir. Pre ident, I haYe heard stories told of conditions existing the other will say that Congress did the proper and right thing. in Ru sia by men.coming from that unhappy land. tbat would Mr. FLETCHER. I do not think the illustration i apt at melt a heart of tone and would appeal to the charit- of any all; but, in the first place, in those circumstances I would find living oul. The President, in appealing to the people of the some. way of giving relief without being obliged to violate a United State and to the Congress for this relief, was answered trust. It seems to me that no matter what the merit of the quickly; and, a. I have stated, the bill carries an amount even cause may be, no matter how far our sympathies may extend, larger than the original request, in order that tboEie people may we have no right to do anything here which violates our oaths have at lea t a chance to produce in the land of Russia enough to sustain and uphold the Constitution of the United States. foodstuffs to keep body and soul together for the coming year. That is of prime and supreme importance. . ~Jr. Pre iclent, $10,000,000 is required to feed them, to take I am not saying that this measure is unconstitutional. I -am care of the uying children, who are to-day living upon grass and only suggesting that if the Senator had thought about that root , and nothing else; and, remember, this relief is not to be phase of the matter he might giYe us some light upon it. I 1921. QONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 567 think that w.llen the matter was under consideration in the and his children and feed them than to see such a condition as other body. it was disposed of somewhat on the theory which that exist. the enator announces-that, Constitution or no Constitution, Mr. President, I think the $10,000,000 for seed grain is quite here is a case where we ought to sa'e human li'f~, and we are as important as the $10,000,000 appropriated to feed those · going to do it. people. \\ith reference to the suggestion of the Senator from Iowa, 1\fr. NELSON. Mr. President, may I ask the Senator if the of couxse, in war times and under war conditions the powers rommittee has amended the bill as it passed the House? of Congress are quite different from what they are under ordi l\Ir. SMOOT. No; not in any respect. The bill is reported nary circu:rostances and in peace times. The appropriation to just as it passed the House. The Senator from Florida [Mr. which the Senator refers was made under war conditions and FLETCHER] made reference to the fad; that part of this money in war times. I have not any question but that it was justified would be expended outside of the United States. and warranted and legal and valid and constitutional in every Mr. NELSON. 1\fr. President, if I may interrupt the Sena way at that tinie. Tbe precedent to which the Senator refers tor again, I desire to ask him if the committee has taken into with regard te China is more in point; but, of course, it. may consideration the fact that this would fortify the soviet govern be a dangerous thing, and may lead us very far afield, If we ment of Russia? keep piling on one precedent after another. We have grunted 1\lr. SMOOT. That has been taken into consideration; but · aid in the case of earthquake sufferers and tidal-wave dis it can not possibly assist that government at all. My opinion n·esses and that sort of thing; but, as I say, we had better be is that it will be the means of weakening the soviet government careful not to make one preee Mr. S.MOOT. The Senatot' from Iowa can read it if he ment; that all they want us to do is to establish trade relatiol)§ ue. ires. with them; that they are prepared to pay for what they need~ Mr. :KEDIYON. The very question asked by the Senator from and that they want to a very. great extent the trade of the New York was asked of Gov. Goodrich. The question was: United States. , Mr. BURTON. What do you say as to the adaptability of In-dian corn I do not care to discuss the Russian Government, but it seems for food for them "I Cou1d they readily use it? - to me if it is wrong, and I believe it is wrong, .that the people Mr. GooDRICH. Yes, sir. They are well equipped to use corn for food. Every <'Ommune in Russia has its communal windmill, with the there ought to rise up and overthrow their Government. It ()ld-fashion stone burrs, at which they grind an their food. In this does seem to me that there would be enough ·societies in Ru ia, manner, instead of u'tracting the oil as we do in this country, it will enough cities in Russia, enough of some ldnd of organizations, be kept in the meal and furni h them the fat which they so much need. who c.ould get together and see that the people do not perish. Mr. SMOOT. I thank the Senator for reading that. I sup Then 1f they want to borrow in the United States, it might be po e that every Senator has read the short report made by a good. policy for us to lend to them with a view of getting that l\1r. TEMPLE from the House committee, and I shall not take money back some time perhaps. If not, it could be done 'vith the time to read it to the Senate now. I trust there will be a view of letting them have some seed and then let them get no opposition to the bill. If we are going to pass it at all, let some farm implements, and tell them to go to work, and that us pass it to-day. Let us get the corn on the way. . The after a certain time they need not expect more help from u . stories that are told of the suffering among the people in cer I do not believe it will be many years until the people uf tain ection of nu ·sia make me, at least, feel as if I would many parts of the world" are going to come to Congress and be not want a minute's time to elapse, if it were possible, before forever knocking at our doors asking alms. We are drifting we say to tho e starving people of Ru · ia, "Have courage. rapidly in the direction where England has gone, to the giving Relief is on the way. It will come to you just as quickly as of unemployment compensation to people who do not work. A American . hips can carry it." We can all imagine what would hort time ago I was talking to one of the largest merchant in take place in many little communities when the message ar the world. He told me that he had a plant in England and rives. Therefore I ask that we pass this bill to-day, if it is to that one of the workmen quit and he asked the foreman why be pa sed at all. Let us get the corn and the other relief on the man had quit. The foreman investigated and reported back the way to those suffering people. that the laborer said he preferred to quit and get the unemploy 1\lr. DIAL. Mr. Pre ident, I sympathize with the Russian ment compensation rather than work and get the wages he wa people, and particularly with the Russian children, and I getting in the factory. realize that it is absolutely unavailing to oppo e this bill. I do \Ve ought to realize that we are not here to donate the peo not want to put my elf in the attitude of being hard-hearted, ple's money. We are here to run the Government according to according to the standard ~ ~t up by the Senator from Utah law and according to the Constitution, and I hope we will get [1\lr. SMooT] and of not aiding the suffering people of the world back to that principle. I deeply sympathize with everyone who in every way consi tent with my duty. It seems to me, how is suffering. I do not know whether the statements which we ever, that this is a very dangerous precedent we are following. get are exaggerated or not, but there ought to be some way to I do not think the relief extended to China, referred to by the have this aid administered in a businesslike way. Let every Senator, is analogou to this. individual contribute according to his means to every worthy It is true that we donated to the earthquake sufferers in cause. We all do that. ~ Italy orne time ago a large sum of money. If we were more Perhaps it is useless to offer it, but I move to amend the bill pro perou in this country, possibly no notice 'Yould have been in line 11, page 1, by striking out " $20,000,000 " and inserting taken of this, but when we realize the condition of our own in lieu thereof " $10,000,000." people, I feel that we hould be very careful about giving Mr. CARAWAY. Mr. President, I do not wish to quibble with away the money of the taxpayers of this country. people whose views do not coincide with mine. Since I hn ve I have not the least doubt but what this bill is uncon titu been a Member of Congress I have stood for many measures tional. I do not think it has a semblance of law to back it up. that gave me serious concern, some of them with reference to In. fact, l\fr. Pre-ident, we have stretched the Constitution so constitutional questions, and some of them as to policy. I can far that the framers of it would not recognize .it if they should not find it in my heart to quibble about matters of this kind ee it now. when c)lildren are dying for lack of bread. I would not, if I desire to help suffering people everywhere. I desire to the child were mine, let the Constitution or anything else stand give employment to everybody out of employment; but I must between me and giving it something that would sustain life. If say, though. it may sound a little harsh, that I never was much I feel that way with reference to my own child, I do not think in favor of making donations. I think we have carried the I am a good man if I am perfectiy willing to see my own fed idea of making gifts too far. It does but little good to give a and my neighbor's child die of want. . man anything. He will spend it perhaps in riotous living and I shall vote for this measure with pleasure, and I shall vote ·come back and want you to give him more. The greatest good for the amount of $20,000,000, and I am willing to vote for morf'. anyone in this world can do to mankind i to help people to If those little children and their mothers come back here with help them elves, aid them to get on their feet, let them find empty hands at some other time, I can say now that so long a that they can use their strength and their ability and their I am here they will have one vote to relieve their wants, ancl brains to make a living for themselves. . let the constitutional question be left to those who want to It is a wrong principle to expect the United States to act quibble about it. . . . a · the Santa Claus of the world. I venture to say that the If any man who lives in my State sees fit to complain of the people of many sections of the world are not any "iorse off small contribution that he may be required to make to pay this than the people are in some sections of this country where we $20,000,000, I think I would be perfectly willing to pay it f.:>r haYe had a total crop failure. Now, when our own people can him. I do not believe, however, there is a man, woman, or child not pay their taxes, when there are tax executions by the in my State who would not go into their pockets for this relief, hundreds of thou ands all over the country in the hands of and I know they are willing to have it come from the Treasury the ·heriffs, for us to donate this large sum of money is, I in of the United States in that good cause. si t, beyond our power and in bad taste. l\Ir. HITCHCOCK. 1\Ir. President, I see so many reasons for 1\lr. President, what I think ought to be done is that we supporting the bill that I can hardly discern how anyone can should put this fund or some other fund in the hands of some find any for voting against it. The Government of the United organization that co·uld help the Russian people tv plant and States has pretty thoroughly established the precedent that in get on tl1eir feet and make a· living. That would perhaps be the face of a great world calamity involving a vast number of justifiable, but even then it would be going a very long ways. people it will join others in going to their relief. Congress has l\fake it a loan. I do not 1.-now that it is our business to look done that on many occasions, and I think i.t is too late now to into the domestic affairs of the people of the world. I do not raise the technicaLquestion of the constitutional power of Con know that the Rus ian people are in a much worse fix than the gress to vote a trifling amount of money for so great a cause. people of Armenia and perhaps other sections of the earth. I am very sure that anyone who has had a :first-hand descrip If we allow this to go by it will not be long until there will be tion of the awful tragedy now being enacted in the Volga Basin, . orne other appeal here, and there is no telling where the thing involving the starvation of whole communities, involving some will end. "Hard cases make bad law." 15,000,000 or 18,000,000 people over an area of country as great Some time ago I talked to a Russian about buying cotton in as several of om· States, would, like the Senator from Arkansas the South. He told me that they had plenty to pay for goods [Mr. CARAWAY], be unwilling to delay even for a day the send that they could buy in the United States. He brought up the ing of relief and the doing of our part to bring relief. qnestion of his Government, but I told him I did not care to This does not involve the voting of • 20,000,000 or any other !li. ·cus. that. He said that the Russian people do not ask the sum to Russia. It involves the sending of about 10,000,000 United States Government to recognize the Russian Govern- bqshels of ~orn that is otherwise likely to be burned for fuel in 1921. OONGl{ESSIOX ~.\I1 RECOl{D- SENATE. 569 this country. That is what it involves. It involves the doing opens the door for a market for American farm products that of a thing which costs us little or nothing, the doing of our our farmers would not have without it. share toward meeting a great world calamity. The innate justice of it, too, arises out of the fact that this I think, moreover, that we are not entirely doing a disinter- appropriation is to be taken from money which was made in e-sted act when we do this thing. There is a great possible the opei·ations of the Grain · Corporation. It is not to be taken future value not only to the United States but to civilization at directly out of the Treasury of the United States, but is to be this time in impressing the Russi~n people 'Vith the fact that taken out of money which was accumulated by that corporation. they have brothers in other lands. There is a great sentimental ·we all know that there were times during the World War when value in making that impression upon tJlose millions of people the farmers could have received a great deal more than $~.25 a who have· been taught that the rest of the world is their enemy. bushel for their wheat; that if it had not been for the regulatory There can not be any doubt in the world of the value of estab- and restraining legislation enacted by Congress they would have lishing such a sentiment in the Russian heart. Already the made a great deal more money; but they were held down to a work of relief is in progress in Russia, and I am told that it has price of $2.25 a bushel for their wheat. The result was that already made a ·profound impression ·not only among the masses the Grain Corporation accumulated what may be called an of the Russian people but upon the governors of Russia. excess profit. It is, therefore, nothing more than just and Mr. FLETCHER. :Mr. President-- right that the money which was made from the sale of the The PRESIDING OFFICER (1\fr. McNARY in the chair). farmers' wheat should be now devoted to the purchase of the Does the Senator from Nebraska yield to the Senator from grain crops of the farmer. Florida? If there is any class of farmers in the country who are to-day l\Ir. HITCHCOCK. I yield. suffering more than another class, it is the corn-raising farmers. l\lr. FLETCHER. It is not that I am an tagonizing the Sena- As the Senator from Nebraska [Mr. HITCHcocK] has well said, tor's belief, but in connection with the possible credit that this much of the corn which it is proposed under the appropriat'lon country would get among 'the people of Russia for this dona- contained in this bill to send to Russia would otherwise go to tion, it has been suggested and I tbinl\: the hearings will dis- waste or would be burned as fuel. How much better it will be close, at any rate the debate in the House will disclose, that to send it over to Europe in order to help the starving people of the bolsheviks in Russia, the Reds, if you please, are telling Russia. tJ1e people there, and there is a very considerable propaganda l\lore than that, Mr. President, as I have reflected upon the on that subject spread throughout this country by the'ir repre- situation, I have appreciated the moral and ethical value of this ~entatives here, that it is because of the bolshevik work in the proposed action on our part. The people in Russia haye by bol United States that this donation is being forced through Con- shevistic propaganda been taught to believe that our country and gre~ s and that the whole credit i due to the boishevik rep- other countries are what the bolsheviki call capitalistic coun l;esentatives in Russia and in this country for the donation. tries; that we ha-re no friendship for the poor and downtrodden, Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. President, I believe I know enough but that we are merely a money-making country. By sending of the facts to say that there is not any uch real impression in this relief to the unfortunate people of Russia we shall demon Russia and that the Senator is misinformed in the matter. strate to them that we are not open to the charge which the ~'here may be men in this country who spread such an idea. bolshe•iki have made against us, but that we are a generous, The Russian Government rather reluctantly con. ented to have kind-hearted, warm-hearted people, and are as ready to giYe re the American agents go in there. They rather reluctantly gave lief to the poor people of Russia as we are to the poor peopla t11em the right to go in, becau e they were afraid that they of any other counh·y. would use their influence with the Russian masses against the As the Senator from Nebraska has also well said, l\Ir. Presi Russian Government. But they haYe been disillusioned. rr'hey dent, there have been many precedents for granting such relief. have thrown everything open t~ the Ame1ican agents who are I can remember not so many years ago when there was a famine already at work there, and those agents are reasonably secure in Russia-and famines occur frequently in that country be· fn their statements when they say that they will probably be cause a great many sections are within the arid or the .· emi able to save the. lives of 1,200,000 children 'vith what they arid belt, as are some portions of our v.vn country-the millers of already have. Minneapolis raised amongst themselves a whole shipload of The result of their work has been already felt with the Gov- flour and sent it to the starving people of Russia. I recall how ernment, which has placed all the facilities in the hands of tile delighted and how glad the people of Russia were to receiYe that American agents. The Russian Government has turned those gift. I felt and the millers and the people in Minnesot~ felt facilities over to them, and, as the testimony before the House that it was one of the best investments which we had ever made. committee shows, has imposed the most severe penalties on any- So, 1\lr. President, in this case we shall not only confer a great one interfering with them in any way or plundering any of blessing ·on the starving people of Russia but we shall confer a their goods. They all look upon the United States in a different great blessing on our farmers, who are to-day, for the want of a 1ight from what they formerly did. market for their grain, in some respects in almost as disti·e.· ·i ng l\fr. President, I have spoken of the possible sentimental a condition as are the people of Russia. This measure' will help value, not only to the United States but to civilization generally, them to a limited extent, but I wish the proposed appropriation in letting the Russian people know that the worlrl is not their for the purchase of American grain products were '50,000,000 enemy. The Russian people have been deluded, no doubt, but instead of being only $20,000,000. · here is going to be an act of the United States, probably fol- Mr. DIAL. Mr. President-- lowed by the acts of other nations of the world, which will The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from ::\linne- make a profound impression not only on the 15,000,000 or sota yield to the Senator from South Carolina? 18,000,000 in the Volga Basin but on all Hussia as a ·disinter- :Mr. NELSON. I yield. ested act of Christian charity and generosity. It is bound to :Mr. DIAL. I should like to ask the Senator from l\Iim.esota, make a deep impression on the Russian people. does he understand that the purchase of grain proposed by tile People are impressionable. When Ru. sia, during the Civil pending bill is limited to corn? Is it not to buy wheat? War, sent her fleet into New York Harbor as ~t sort of warning Mr. NELSON. It covers corn and seed wheat. to Great Brifain at the time, as a sort of indication that Russia Mr. DIAL. Then, flour could not be purchased with the might be the friend of the United States, it made a deep impres- appropriation? sion upon the people of the United States, which has never been Mr. NELSON. No; but seed wheat could be purchast>u. :l nd forgotten here and which has influenced even our policies in the the Russians need seed wheat. past. Senators can imagine what will be the effect in Russia Mr. DIAL. The bill reads "seed grain"; it does not ~ ay of this act on the part of the United States in saving not only "seed wheat." Therefore I did not know whetller or not it thousands but millions of people from starvation. included corn. I have had the opportunity to meet several men who have Mr. NELSON. It includes corn, wheat, oats, ancl rye. We . been in Russia and who have been in the Volga Basin, and one ha-re such seed grain here to furnish to the Rus ·ians. There is, can not listen to their description of the actual events there however, no agricultural product in this country of which there with?ut feeling that the tragedy is of such an enormous and is so great a surplus as there is of corn. It is, therefore, highly hornble character that it is our dnty to come to their relief. appropriate that provision be made for the purchase of corn. Mr:. NELRON. l\Ir. _President, J am heartily in favor of the The people in Russia will be glad to make use of corn, and they pendmg measure. It 1s seldom that we have l~ gislation which will make good use of it. We need not be apprehensive as to confers, as one might ~ay, a double blessing. It is a blessing I that. to the p~or, destitut~ farmers in th~ Volga dishict in Russia So, Mr. Presid~nt, without ta"king up more time _o f the ~ ennt e , to get tlns help. .It 1s a great bl e !':Sl';I~ to the .farmers o~ t~s I wish mere!y t~ say in conclus.ion that I ~m heartil)' in _fa vor countr? who are m a depressed condition. Th1 s appropriation of the pending measure, and under the Clrcum ~ tan c e ~ . if t hf 570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-8-ENATE. DEOEl\IBER 20, money shall be devoted. to the purchase of the grain products of. humble judgment, it is doomed eventually to cause grave dis· the American farmer, I should be very glad if the appropriation appointment. .As I read the hearings, something like 20,000 000 were $50,000,000 instead of being $20,000,000 as is now proposed. bushels of grain are to. be p111·chased. It is true we hav'e a l\Ir~ ·w ADSWOBTH. 1\Ir. President, there is no doubt what tremendous surplus o.f corn, some of which in· certain portions ever that we stand in the shadow of a great. tragedy. Millions of the country is being burned. as fuel, and much of which can of people in Russia are suffering, and many of them m·e threat not fetch, as I understand, much more than._10 cents a bushel, a· ened with destruction. Of course, our hearts are deeply touched price far below the cost of producing it. But what is the corn by" this situation, and I think it is but fair to say. that our people crop of the United States? What does it amount to? I think are of a kind that rejoices-in responding. to a call for help. It there have been occasions where it has· exceeded 2,000,000,000 is difficult, Mr. President, under· circumstances of this char bushels. I am not familiar with the figures of the last crop of. acter to discuss a proposal such as this without giving way corn, but I. think I am fairly safe in saying. that it reached at entirely to the sentimental side, the side which I say appeals least 2,000,000,000 bushels. C~n , anyone persuade me or any to us very deeply; but observations have been made upon the other· person that 20,000,00Q bushels out of a crop of.2,000,000.000 floor this morning which have called to my mind certain bushels is going to ha"Ve any marked effect upon the price of thoughts. . corn to the farmer in the United States? I am a little weary of I may be charged' before I finish with giving undue im some of the attempts that are so frequently made to fool the portance to certain hard, cold facts. I am speaking not so farmer. The result which is predicted is not· going to happen. much in opposition to this bill, but I am speaking. rather in. a I venture to say that the purchase· o:t corn under this bill will frame of mind whieh may be characterized as one of doubt, and not raise the price 2 cents a bushel. It would not count very. my intention is to endeavor to bring before Senators certain much if it raised it 5 cents a bushel ; it would not count very considerations which we should not forget. much if it raised it 10 cents a bushel. The benefit to the farmer In1 the· first place, certain emphasi has been placed on the is so infinitesimal that he will not know the transaction has fact that the proposed appropriation is to be taken from the taken place; and yet some of the arguments made in support funds of the United States Grain Corporation, and an attempt of this proposal is that it is going to confer an economic benefit has been made to make it appear that because the money is upon the people of the United States. I have spoken only of taken from the. funds of that corporation it is the more easily the·farmer's side of it. I do not want him to be misled. appropriated. Whether the money is taken from the Grain Cor Now let us look at another fallacy in connection with this poration funds or- from . the Trea&m'y. of the-United' States it is thing., as to the economic benefit to~ the people of the United just tlle same-money belonging to the people of the United States as a whole. · States. I+ the money of the Grain Corporation. is-needed for lUr. President, some people have advanced the theory in days· any purpose by the people of the·United States and a portion of gone by that one way to increase employment and1prosperity it shall ha-ve been taken away by. this act, that sum will have is to smash. window glass in order that the1·e. shall be a· demand to be made up somewhere el ·e.-. It will not do, l\Ir. President for new windowpanes and more people put to, work and more to becloud or confuse the public mind in any way. us to what w~ money spent. Of course that is a fallacy, and everybody knoW& are doing here. We. are, indeed, approp1iating the money of it. You can not make prosperity by destroying anything· ancl the people of the United' States. r think, by the same token, you can. not make economic pros 1\lr. NELSON. Mr. Pre ident, may I. ask the Senator a ques perity by purchasing something. in this . country and giving it tion? away elsewhere-! mean, the economic prosperity of the whole The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New people;. economic prosperity that shall have somn definite York yield to the Senator from Minnesota? tenure, some element of permanency. Let lli3 not S;)read the idea. Mr. WADS WORTH. I' do. · and the news that the expenditure of $20,000,000. in the grain 1\Ir. NELSON. Was· not the money in the hands of the Grain markets of the United States, and. the giving away in Russiat Corpo:ration money deJ.·ived as a profit from the wheat of the of the grain. that is purchased by it, is going· to do anything. to, farmers? enchance the· economic prosperity of this country; because it, is not. It is not an econm;nic transaction, an<}. it should not. be Mr. W ADSWOB!l'H. It was, a I un-derstand. heralded as such. It is purely a charitable undertaking. It Mr. NELSON. The farmers· were compelled under the law is g1vmg away. property. to sell their wheat for $2.2S a bus:tiel, and the Grain Corpora I am not opposed to the giving away of property in time. of, tion was enabled to make a profit on the wheat of the farmers great stres~ I am not opposed to charitable undertakings. . sold by them at that figure: The Gi'ain Corporation earned a They make a strong appeal to all of us-; but. let us-not fool. our profit out of the people that no other agency of the Government selves or anybody else with the idea that the expenditure of was able to earn. Now, it is proposed to devote the money this money is going to do . something to restore business pros which came indirectly from the·farmers·to help the farmers. perity in the United States, because it is not. The supporters Mr. WADSWORTH. I am not prepared to discuss the opera of this bill ough~ to find, and I , am sur-e do .find, much stronger, tions of the Grain Corporation, and I am not certain that my grounds for therr support than these statements which have reply to the first part of the question of the Senator from 1\Iinne been made here this morning. sota, as to whether or not this fund was collecte Then he say : said a moment ago, we are going to supplant with Government Public charity is not an avenue through which this problem can be charity that spontaneous private charity the display of which solved. is one of the glories of the human race, and that from now on. The alternative is Government charity, which is the proposal apparently, we are going to adopt the policy that the Govern. . contained in this bill, and so many people seem to forget that ment will manage the outside charities of the people of the there is no essential difference betTI"een Government charity United States and will assess the citizens the amounts which and private charity in the matter of raising the money. If the Government thinks the citizens should contribute. private charity is unable to raise the money on account of the I suggest that for the consideration of Senators. I think it hard times through which the American people are passing, it is a step backward. I think it holds some danger in the future is not an alternative unaccompanied by handicaps and dis to a sound .fiscal policy for this Government and for any govern tl·essing circmnstances to tax those people and distribute the ment that embarks widely upon such a policy. same charity through the hands of the Government. Whichever Th~re is no doubt in my mind that this bill will pass. I did way you look at it, the people must pay. not want. it to pass without making these observations. They Mr. HITCHCOCK. Mr. President-- may be, and probably are, worth next to nothing; but, such as The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from New they are, I have submitted them. Whether they are worth York yield to the Senator from Nebraska? next to nothing at this time or not the occasion is bound to aris~ Mr. WADSWORTH. I do. in the future when we shall once again be called upon to spend Mr. Hl'rCHCOCK. · I think the Senator loses sight of the the people's money for like purposes. Are we to go on indefi fact that for a number of years now Americans have contrib nitely? uted large sums of money for various ·foreign charities. Something has been said this morning about the beneficial Mr. WADSWORTH. That is true; with TI"Onderful gener political effect of this donation. Something has been said to osity. the effect that the sending of this relief to Russia will do much Mr. HITCHCOCK. But these contributions haYe come from a toward putting the American people right with the Russian comparatively few people, taking the people in the mass, and people, and the contention is made that from that standpoint the same ones have given and given and given. This is an there is some advantage to the people of the United Stutes attempt to spread it over a larger number of people. through the giving of this grain. Quite possible that is true. Mr. ·WADSWORTH. Whether they will or not. I can very well understand how millions of people in Russia will Mr. HITCHCOCK. The fact is that the same people have feel a great sense of gratitude to the people of the United given year after year to the Armenian .relief and to the various States. Undoubtedly they feel it already . for what private reliefs, and the same ones will have to give again. This will charity has done. But if we are going to have an intelligently call for some very small contributions from a number of people selfish purpose in expending the money of the people of the who have given nothing at all. United States I have a suggestion to offer, which may seem Mr. WADSWORTH. Mr. President, I am discussing what radical, which perhaps has not been offered before, but which I might be termed the academic side of this question, the sub:. think combines intelligent charity with intelligent self-int&·est. stitution of Government charity for private charity. We have I have discussed this matter with people who are familiar with apparently' reached that point. I think I am not far -\vrong in the present-day conditions of the Russian people, and have re saying that the wells of private charity in this country have ceived some encouragement concerning it. nearly gone dry ; and I do not think I am wrong in character Of course, there are many sad things in the conditions in izing this proposed· act as a substitution for private charity of Russia to-day, but if there is one thing that is sad it is the Government charity supported by taxation. utter breakdown of education; that is, of the kirid of education Mr. HITCHCOCK. The Senator is entirely wrong there. which we Americans believe is sound and wise and Civilizing. This money was not raised by taxation. The terrible political upheaval has in a large measure wiped Mr. WADSWORTH. Mr. President, if we spend this money out all that comparatively small percentage of the Russian pe<> belonging to the -people of the United States it must be sup ple who had enjoyed educational advantages. A very Jar.!:{e planted by other money raised by taxation. percentage of that people is illiterate. If we want to help tile l\lr. HITCHCOCK. I just want to correct the Senator. He Russian people, and do something which will help them perma was quibbling on words a while ago. I want to coiTect him nently, make them grateful t men versed in agriculture, in electricity, and in those mat- The time came when the Russians, under the inspiration ters which relate to the development of the country. It seems which came out of the preaching of democracy during the to me that if we could send. commissions of that character of Great War, determined to be rid of the old regime, which had technical men and help them rehabilitate the railroads, in- brought disaster and suffering to them for 300 years, the old augurate }Jrope.r systems of irrigation, and proper methods of regime which had been more cruel and bloody and longer con agriculture, we might make some very valuable contributions tinued than any regime in Europe. They threw off the rule to the welfare and the prosperity, material and moral, of the of the Czar, and then there happened that which always hap- Russian people ; but I fancy the Senator would have great diffi- pens when a great people undertake to be rid of old-established culty in bringing young men and women out of Russia for edu- customs and systems; chaos, turmoil, suffering, bloodshed, and cational purposes at the present time while the powerfui bol- cruelty followed. There were those who came into power at she•ik regime is in power. that time with whose political beliefs we do not agree. TheY. l\1r. WADSWORTH. I am inclined to believe the Senator set up a form of government, or proposed form of government, is .correct. I am not suggesting the ways and means or the which we believe to be impracticable, which we believe to be in details of helping the people in this way. My thought was many respects jntolerable. But, Mr. President, it was their a.rou ed to this point by the observations which have been form of govemment; it was one of the steps, unfortunate and made upon the floor of the Senate to the effect that we should in many respects indefensible, which people have always taken exercise or show an intelligent self-inte1·est in this matter. in these great revolutions, which lead to a different and a better It is a phase of it which has been thrust into the discussion, condition of affairs. and having been thrust in I offer the suggestion that perhaps Immediately after the armistice the Allies, by reason of the the most effective way of serving ourselves, while at the same fact, so assigned, of this peculiar form of government, began time serving the Russian people, is to assist them toward a a policy toward the Russians which I characterize as inde better and higher a.eguee of education, according to the Ameri- fensible, intolerable, inhuman, cruel, and brutal. We are can conception of education, and create in the Russian mind a greatly moved to-day by recounting the fact that in Russia friendly feeling for America for not only a year or two or ten there are hundreds of thousands of children dying for want of years but for generations to come; help the Russians to under- food; and properly are we moved. I recall the fact, however stand American institutions and business organizations, and when the inhuman and intolerable blockade, after the armistice' America's resoUl'ces and her commerce, and in more ways than was established against Russia, nt which we connived; whe~ one help economically and commercially the people of the United hospital ships carrying medicine and sustenance and relief to States, while at the same time conferring a great boon upon the citizens of Russia were kept out of the ports of Russia. the people of Rus ia. We paid no attention to the dying children of Russia at that 1\Ir. President, I do not want to give the appearance o.f harsh- time, and raised no voice in their behalf. ness or lack of feeling. We are going to appropriate this The Allies established a system of cruelty and of inhumanity: $20,000,000. We are going to appropriate it from the Federal the like of which has not characterized this war or any other Treasury, and ·it is a gift. We are proud of our ability to make war. I venture to call this system by its .right name. It was the gift. We fondly hope that 'it will bring a great blessing treatment based upon the narrow, intolerant, bigoted policies to the Rus ian people. But while we are doing it, we must which have wrought havoc to all Europe during the last three understand exactly what it mea:ru;, and not attempt to deceive years. anybody by th€ suggestion that it is going to increase the 1\Ir. President, we can not escape a part responsibility for economic prosperity of the people of the United States, or ex- the condition which exists to-day in Russia; we owe it not only; tend considerably the political influence of the people of the to humanity but to charity t11 change our policy with reference United .States, or raise the price of corn in our domestic mar- to Russia and the Russian people. They have a government in:• kets, or avoid imposing some burden of taxation upon the people Russia which has existed for four years, the only government of this country. We ought to learn to look things straight set up after and as the result of the war which bas been able in the face, and it bas been my humble effort this morning, to maintain itself single and alone and even against the con~ l\1r. President, to contribute to that end. nivance and conspiracy of the other Governments of Europe. Mr. BORAH. lUr. President, the best friends this Republic France upon two -separate occasions .has assisted in sending has had in Europe in the last hundred years has been the military expeditions into Russia for the purpose of further Russian people. They are the only great people in Europe who harassing, disturbing, and demoraliziDJ: the situation in ·Rus have not at some time or other disclosed a great enmity toward sia. The English Government has connived at the policy which the people of the United States and toward our Government. has been pursued, and the Government of the United States At one time during the late Great 'Var Russia mobilized has either connived at it or has refused to raise a voice in con- 21,000,000 men upon the side of the Allies. In February, 1917, demnation of it. They have received . treatment, harsh and she had 14,000,000 men in her army, fighting over a front of punitive, from the hands of the Allies, which many of the Gov- 3,500 miles. During the time that she was fighting upon the ernments upon the side Qf the enemy have not received. We side of the Allies, she lost two and a half million men killed: owe something, in my opinion, as I said, to humanity to change upon the field of battle. She lost in injured or wounded three that policy. - and a half million more. She had 2,000,000 men taken prisoners, If I had my way about it, I would recognize the government 1,000,000 of whom died in prison. At one time she had a third that now exists in Russia. I do not care whether you call it a of the German Army, two-thirds of the Austrian Army, all of bolshevik government or what you call it, it is the governmeLt the Hungarian Army, and a large portion of the Turkish Army de facto, qnd as such I would recognize it. It may be a gov arrayed against her. She captured during the war 400,000 ernment which no people would desire to pattern after under German prisoners, 300,000 Hungarians, 300,000 Austrians, and any circumstances or conditions, but no one is compelled a million Turks. to do· so. We did business with the old Czar government for The fighting which the Russians did in this war has no 150 years, and a more cruel, inhuman, and bloody government parallel in the war when you take into consideration th~ never existed upon the face of the earth. adverse circumst~nces under which they fought. The adverse We do not in the recognition of a government undertake to circumstances and the suffering of the Russian soldiers were set up a standard as to what that government shall be. The only paralleled by the adversity and the suffering of the Ameri- question is whether it iS the de facto government, doing busi can soldier during the great American Revolution. ness, transacting business, and governing the affairs of tho They fought under such circumstances that those in the particular country which it assumes to 60vern. If we should advancing lines were compelled to wait until their comrades have done our part two and a half years ago toward Russia, feU. to grasp the weapons with which to continue the fight. in my humble opinion the conditi~'n in Russia would be in They literally fought at times with their naked fists. They finitely better to·-day than it is. In my opinion, we could have ''"ere practically barefooted as they waded through the snow. pursued a policy which would have enabled Russia to buy in This is but an intimation of the great suffering and sacrifice stead of forcing her to beg. made by the Russian soldiery upon the side of the Allies during . Who are we feeding with this $20,000,000 of money? We are the war, a thing which we have wholly forgotten. I say wholly feeding the bolshevik.s, so called. We are feeding people whom forgotten ; wholly forgotten so far as Government or official we would not recognize. We are taking care of the children of action is concerned. Since the armistice we have treated the the bolsheviks, the children of those whom two years ago we Russians as if they had been our enemies all their lives, as if were willing to see starve and denied even medicine to aid them they had been upon the side of the enemy, as if they had in their illness. wounded and killed our own during the wa~. Ingratitude is If; Mr. President, we can tax the taxpayer of this country written upon every page of the history 9f the Allies toward ..and ."take m~ney out of the pockets of the people of this country Russia. · - to feed the people of Russia, their families, and their children, 1921. OONGllliSSION .A.L REUOR.D-SENA 'IE. 573 upon what pos ible theory can we say to the taxpayer that we if the Senator wishes to peak upon it, notwithstanding the can not afford to recognize the de facto government ot Russia? unarr:imous-consent agreement, that is all right. Aye but they say Russia is an economic vacuum. When will 1\.Ir. FLETCHER: Tlle time has been fixed for voting upon it be better under the treatment which it is receiving from the it, but I want to have the unfinished business laid before the Allies? They say further that Russia has nothing to give us, Senate when this matter is disposed of. I am perfectly willitlg nothing to trade, nothing to exchange. Yery well ; perhaps she to go on with the unfinished. business when we have finished has not. I do not know. 1\fy opinion is to the contrary, but I with the Russian relief measure, which I think can be concluded do not know. However, I do know that the recognition of the in a comparatively slrort time. government "·hich is striving to establish itself in Russin and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the re which has maintained itself for four years would help to quest of the Senator from Utah? The Chair hears none and the stabilize conditions in Russia, would help to establish a system unfinished business is temporarily laid aside; in Ru sia under which the people could live and do business. After the conclusion of Mr~ BORAH'& speech, Our course has helped to spread bolshevism. _ :MESSAGE FRO:lr THE HOUSE. Why, Mr. President, if we go back to the time of the French A message from. the House of Representatives, by l\Ir. O'Ver Revolution and reread the history of those days and the speeches bue, its enrolling clerk, announced that the House had passed of Pitt and Fox, we find precisely the same policy pursued the joint resolution ( S. J. Res. 142) to extend the time within toward the French and the French Revolution that we have which the special committee on the readjustment of the pay of pursued toward Russia. 1\1r. Pitt said. in effect, we can not the Army, Navy, Marine COI'PS 1 Coast Guard, Coast and Geo recognize the French Revolution or the leaders of that revolu detic Survey, and Public· Health Service may make its report to tion. It is an armed ystem. It is a system at war with all Congress. established government. It is a system at war with law and The mes ·age also announced! that the House returned to the order. To recognize it is to put a premium. upon it; to recog.. Senate, in compliance with its request, the bill ( S. 205) relat nize it and encourage it is to put a premium upon it, and there ing to the fiscal system of the District of Co1umbia, and for fore we can not do so. other purposes. But it was over the bloody paths which the French people The message further announced that the- House insisted upon trod that they finally arrived at the place where they have a its amendments to· the bill ( S; 1033) regulating the issuance of stable and a successfuf free and modern republic. Pitt was checks, drafts, and orders for the pa-yment of money within the answered by the succession of events. Washington, however; District of Columbia, disagreed to by the Senate; agreed to the wiser, more just, and with broader -vision, recognized the new conference requested by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of Government, the Revolutionary Gm·ernment, of France. It illus the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. FocHT; Mr. ZIHL:MAN, trates the difference between narrow politicians, time servers, and Mr. Woons of Virginia were appointed managers of the con and statesmen able to comprehend the future. ference on the part of the House. 1\Ir. President, about every 30 uay.s for the last four years The message also announced that the House disagreed to the we have been advised by certain parts of the press of this coun amendment of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 4810) to authorize try that the bol hevik government, o called, was going to fall. the incorporation of companies to promote trade in China, There has come out of Russia, or from closer home, in my judg agreed to the conference requested by the Senate on the dis ment, certain propaganda every so often to the effect that the agreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and that 1\fr. VoL government established in Russia under Lenin ap.d Trotski sTEAD, Mr. DYER, and 1\Ir. SUMNERS· of Texas were appointed would disappear within the next few days. It has not disap managers of the conference on the part of the House. peared. It has wonderfully changed. It has been greatly modi The message also announced that tbe House had passed a tied, in my judgment, all for the better. It has been changed joint resolution (H. J. Res. 238) to amend an· act entitled "An without any assistance from us. It has been modified without act to amend section 955 of tlle Revised Statute by extending any aid from the Allies. It has been changed and modified by the jurisdiction of courts in cases of revivor;" in which it re reason of conclitions which prevail in Russia and by reason of quested the concurrence of the Senate. the fact that many of the things which they promulgated were found 'to be impossible and intolerable and impracticable from CASES OF REVIVOR. every standpoint, just as any revolutionary government starts 1\lr. STERLING. I ask tmanimous consent for the present out as this one did, working it of the United States shall extend to and over executors and adminis· Union, my own State of Georgia being next, as the Senator trators of anv party who dies before final judgment or decree, appointed from Virginia will remember. under 'tho laws of any State or Territory of the United States, and such cout·ts shall have jurisdiction within two years from the date of the During the Presidency of 1\Ir. Roosevelt, of course-and I denth of the party to the suit to issue its scire facias to executors and think that was the first time-when there was an earthquake . administrators appointed in any State or Territory of the United States, which may be served in any judicial district by the marshal thereof: in the English and French West Indian islands, Mr. Roosevelt, Provided hotoevm· That no executor or administrator shall be ma~e a as I remember, recommended an appropriation of $800,000 for party unleSS SUCh 'service is made before final settlement and distrlbU· the purchase of food to be sent down there. tion of the estate of said deceased party to the suit." Mr. FLETCHER. The Senator from Georgia refers to the " Sxc. 2. That the provisions of sectio!l 955 of the Revised St~tut~s of the United States as amended by th1s act shall apply to smts m earthquake in Martinique? · which any party has deceased prior to the passage of this amendatory Mr. WATSON of Georgia. Yes; I did not mention the name act as well as to suits in which any party may die hereafter." of the islands, but they were both French and English; Jamaica 1\Ir. STERLING. 1\Ir. President, one Senate amendment and Martinique were both involved in the earthquake. l\Ir. struck out these words from House bill 6053 : Roosevelt recommended an appropriation to send food uown To and over foreign executors and administrators of any party who there; and the very first native who came up the gangplank dies before final judgment or decree equal with their jurisdiction over after the ships anchored in Martinique offered to sell American executors and administrators a.ppointed under the laws of the .state within which the judicial distnct of the court in which the action 1s sailors some food. Jamaica and Martinique both are islands pending. · where nature feeds men, women, and children. 1\Ir. KING. This is for the purpose of reviving actions? The appropriation, which was made on the recommendation l\fr. STERJJING. It is a revivor bill. of 1\Ir. Roosevelt, was the beginning. Afterwards we had our l\I.r. KING. Unquestionably, if it passeu the Senate, it was a marines to build and to set up in Sicily 2,200 houses for the meritorious measure and should have been accepted by the Itallans. The Italians would not even help put the houses up, House without any interlineation or amendment. but the marines had to take them from New York and put tllem l\Ir. STERLING. It was accepted by the House, but by mis· up in Sicily. take the enrolling clerk of the House, after the amendments of l\Ir. President, coming now to the Russian situation, I shonld the Senate had been concurred in, inserted words that had been like to know upon what principle we select two American stricken out. These are the words that were inserted by the products and say we will invest $20,000,000 in those products eru·olling clerk of the House by mi take : and give them away to Russia because the Russian Govern In which the action is pending. ment and the Russian people have been badly treated by our Government and by the other Governments of Europe. What Those words· should have been omitted. Ir. W A.TSON of Georgia. Mr. President, if tlle joint resolu sort of an argument is that? A.re we to become the great tion is going to take up some time, I shall have to object. international almshouse? Are we to feed the suffering and the 1\Ir.- KING. I think that we should adopt the suggestion of famine stricken throughout the earth? If so, why not sE>nd the Senator from South Dakota by passing the joint resolution foodstuffs to India? Where would the matter end? How could we ever put a stop to it? One precedent after another would of the House. The joint resolution was reported to the Senate without soon have the force of law. In this country we read every day of ex-serTice men falling amendment,-ordered to a third reading, read the third time, on the streets exhausted, having sought work and found none; and passed. we read of increasing numbers of suicides because of despair RELIEF OF DISTRESS IN RUS IA. and unemployment and poverty; we read of cruel evictions, The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed tile con landlords putting tenants out; we read of desolation through sideration of the bill (H. R. 9548) for the relief of the dis out the South, and I know exactly what that condition is. It tressed and starving people of Russia. is a desperate condition. What our people are to do next year, Mr. W A.TSON of Georgia. l\!1·. President, it is not a question I do not know. of what we would like to do. It is a question of what we are The Federal Government owes my people, right now, $58,- sworn to do and ought to uo. It is not a question of feeding a 000,000 for the illegal cotton tax levied in 1867. That tax was starving child at my door with my bread. It is a question of just as illegal as the law would be if the Federal Go,ernment taking what belongs to somebody else without the consent of should now lay a tax on wheat or corn. E\·ery session of the person who owns the bread and giving it to ome one else's Congress finds us knocking at the door, asking the Federal starving child leaving your own to starve. Government to be just to us anu return that money, and now ·- Mr. President, the purposes for which we can levy taxes upon would be a good time to uo it, when we ha 'e got $20,000,000 to the American people are well understood. give away in charity work in Russia. We can, of course, tax the American people to support the It is said that children in Russia are eating mud; that they Government, to pay its debts, to provide for its defense, and to are starving. If the children there are eating mud to-day, om· promote the general welfare of our people. That is our oath. help comes too late. If this is a thing that should haT"e been Not a line in the Constitution can be cited in support of charity done at all, it ought to have been done long ago. The food will work for foreign countries. come too late. How long, I pray you, will $20,000,000 worth of The time was when the city of Savannah, Ga .. was ·swept wheat and corn feeu the Russian people, or feeu e'en the a way by fire. A. petition came here to Congress for Federal sufferers? It can not be anything but a temporary relief; there aid. That was during the first years of the Republic. Con is nothing permanent about it. gres said: "No; we are sorry for you; you are standing in the l\1r. President, feeling that this bill is totall-y unwarranted ashes of your homes ; many of you are starving; our hearts go by the Constitution, I would not haYe any right as a cus out to you; if we could, we would relieve your distress; but todian of trust funds, the people's money, to Yote it away in this Congress is bound to make a certain disposition of the trust manner in a foreign charity. funds which are committed to it by the American taxpayer, and l\Ir. ASHURST. Mr. President, as I listened to the speeches we can ·not extend the helping hand to the city of Savannah." to-day, and they have all been excellent, varying emotions So late as the administration of ·Mr. Cleveland a bill was surged within me. Some Senators say this measure, if enacted pas ed through both Houses of Congress appropriating a few into law, would not be constitutional, but the bill is institu thousand dollars with which to buy cotton seed to replant the tional. wasted fields of Texas. A drought had destroyed the growing I sometime believe that chloroform or some other anesthetic plants, and the people had no seed with which to replant in the fall upon us in this Capitol, else what could make us so ob· largest cotton-growing State of this Union. President Cleve livions to what is going on in our own country as well as in land interposed his Teto and killed the bill ; and in the histories other countries. :Mr. President, during the past 10 years we of this country he is praised for having done so. llave seen some trange mutations. In that decade changes l\Ir. GLASS. Mr. President, the Senator from . Georgia of more remarkable and radical took place on this earth than took course knows, however, that since then Congress has enacted place in the 200 years preceding. Even the processes of thought. legislation, which bas been approved by the President, for buy the customs and views of the peoples, have cbange OOirtitution was interpl'eted, aud correctly interpreted, 45 1\Ir. ASHURST. Mr. President, I thank the Senator for his or 50 years ago ; but the Oonstitution, ·sir, is not a dead hand ; it intenuption. is flexible. It has been stretched to protect every dollar in our I am not going to delay this bill. On the 2d day of .Koyem land, and I insist that it shall be h'etched to protect e\ery per ber I laid before the Senate the facts as to the neces ity of son in om· land. further hospitalization of soldiers afHlcted with tuberculosis, :Mr. President, we will find refuge to-(1ay from the upbraid who are pouring into the Southwest by the score. The local ings of our national conscience by -voting $20,000,000 to relieve authorities have gone to their limit in trying to aid. The humani Hussia ; but I fear when we examine closely we may find in tarian and the generous people of the Southwest ha-ve given that act but a scant refuge for our conscience. from their private purses until they are practically no longer The United States is a fountain, not a cistern; ller open hand able to give ; and yet, inert, somnolent, bound by red tape, we is a horn of plenty. The United States must and will take her serenely sit here while these poor boys are shamefully neglected. place as the leader of the nations. Destiny compels her, re We are teld by bureaucmcy, which worships red tape, that u we quires her, to take that wondrous place. It is right and proper are taking care of them." Ask the dying boys if they are being • to li ten to Russia's cry of anguish and despair, but before taken care of. Do not a k some bureaucrat. I ask that my America can be generous, l\Ir. President, she must be just. amendment may be stated. A Chinese philosopher once sent for his students to gather The VICE PRESIDENT. TheJ.'e is already an .amendment about him and tell him which in their opinion was the greatest pending. The question is on the amendment of the Senator of the virtues ; be found them divided as to whether generosity from South Carolina [1\-Ir. DIAL]. or justice was the greater. The other virtues had compara 1\Ir. JONES of Washington. What is the amendment? ti"rely no \otes when the students we1·e delivering their opin The VICE PRESIDENT. The amendment of the Senator ions. There was a tie vote between a-enerosity and justice, and, from South Carolina will be stated. breaking the tie, be said to them, "You must be just before you The ASSISTANT SECRETARY. On line 11, page 1., it is proposed are generous. You can not be generous without first being to strike out " $20,000,000," and in lieu thereof to in ert just." " $10,000,000." I shall vote for this appropriation, and I belie\-e that .America Mr. KENYON. 1\-Ir. President, I want to say just a word. a tlle leader of all the nations has come at last to know that Has the Senator from Arizona given up the floor? there is an ethnic unity of the human race and that the -distress Mr. ASHURST. No; I ha\e not, Mr. President, but I will of one nation must be a concern of all the others. yield, of course. Now, let us examine and see if we ha\e been just toward 1\-Ir. KENYON. I did not know just how the Senator could those whose sacrifices ha\e made our country o powerful for hold the floor and still have us vote on the amendment. good in the a-ffairs of men. Mr. ASHURST. I will yield the floor. How cynical, how tragic it would be to appropriate $20,000,000 The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Iowa i ~ recog for starving Russians and then refuse to appropriate the nized. modest and much needed sum {)f $100,000 to aid the Depart :Mr. KEJ."'IjYON. Mr. President, I want to say just a wortl on ment of Labor in securing employment for our unemployed the general propo ·ition involved in this bill. I would not cJo men. Workingmen in .America are not asking a largess -or a so, I think, had it not been that so niany Senators have chal gift from the Treasury; tbey are pleading for an opportunity lenged the constitutionality of this measure; and it seem · to to get a job and earn their bread. So I shall offer to this bill be as mnecl by a good many. Senators that the bill is entirely an amendment which passed the Senate on the 12th instant, unconstitutional, but they say that they will vote for it anyhow. and which amendment Senate conferees manfully struggled to I am rather sorry to hear Senator make the statement c;m save, same being an amendment appropriating $100,000 to be the floor of this body that they will vote for a bill even though u ed by the .Secretary of Labor in securing employlllffit for the they think in th-eir own minds that it. i unconstitutional unemployed he1·e in the United States. Real.izin.g the obligation that a man takes here when he be Moreover, Mr. President, how may we lay the flattering comes a Senator, I have tried to follow a cou.r e of action of unction to our soul, how can we say Qn Clu'is.tmas Day, "We abiding by the Constitution, and never voting for anything .-have done a glorious thing by sending $20,000,000 to Russia," that I believed was unconstitutional. r do not believe that this when we remember that ex-service men are suffering from tu bill is unconstitutional. In my judgment, no Senator is driven berculosis, and in many, too many, cases are without help or to take that position; and if he does think so, it is amazing to mercy. me how be can vote for the bill. The Senate on the 12th instant agreed to my -amendment ap The constitutionality. of this measure ean be sustained on Pl'Opriating $1,000,000 for the further hospitalization of ex- two grounds, at least. One I have referred to before, when· the ervice men affiicted with tuberculosis, yet that amendment, Senator from Florida [Mr. FLETCHER] was asking the Senator which was added to the deficiency bill, was abandoned in from Utah [Mr. SMOOT] some questions. It can be sustained conference. The blame, however, does not rest upon the Sen under the general welfare clause of the Constitution. I know ate, for this body thi., . ituation, I think since the days of the Pharaohs, at least, afforu to give for charity, people stuffing them elves until the there has ne-rer been anything to equal this condition in Russia, onl:r re ult is a beneficial one for the doctor, . Of course it is and in setting a precedent, and determining what Congress a personal maHer with everyone, but if we could forego some shall do, we will have to be governed by the circumst:mces of of these pleasures and spend the money for this purpose, we each particular case. Pestilence follows famine. No one knows could solve this thing by private charity. That can not be what pestilence may come out of this famine. No one_ knows done, so that we must come a the 'enator from New York how it may affect world civilization. No one knows how that has said, to public charity. may spread to thi country. If a fire is coming through a to\'\n, I do not know how the people can reau the evidence offered \Ye do not wait until the fire gets to the buildings; we go down by Gov. Goodrich, t\"ho has given such splendid work to this and stop it before it gets -rery far. That may follow in this cause, and Mr. Hooyer, and others, of the ·ufferlng in Russia en ~e . We are a part of the world civilization. It affects us as in the ' olga Valley and enjoy their Thanksgiving or their a part of that ci-rilizntion, and really its fairest flower, if the Chri -tmas dinners if they have not done somethinrr to help. civilization of the "·orld is going down. On Christmas day there will be a little stranger at the table • I grant thal is not a -very appealing argument, even in my of e\erybody who reads this evidence. The stranger will be own mind, on the constitutional question, but the other argu in the minds of all, and they cnn not get away from it; it will ment I have made i -and I would be willing to stretch our be n poor, little, helpless, star-ring child of nussia . It is all power a good deal-not Yiolating our oaths, not going against right to talk about educating them; that is a good plan when it the Constitution. to find something of a constitutional argument can be accompli~hed, but you can not present a little algebra. on which to hang the propo ition of saving people from stana or geometry in place of something to eat to n poor, little, trug~ tion. gling. hardly able to sit up in school child. I noted what the 'enator sai The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Rhode country moves and as the WOl'ld moves these abstract phrases Island yield to the Senator from Georgia? in the Constitution must be interpreted in the light· of funda Mr. COLT. For a question, if the Senator please. I have only mental conditions of society, for if the Constitution is not elastic a word or two more to say. enough to supply the great fundamental wants of society the l\Ir. \VATSON of Georgia. It is a question. If our national Constitution will break or we will have a revolution. I do not prosperity or welfare is dependent upon Russia, why. does not mean that as an extreme statement. I mean that the framers our Government recognize the government of Russia? of the Constitution used general phrases and abstract expres 1\lr. COLT. I am dealing with t~ specific que. tion before us, sions for the very purpose that the statutes that we passed and not with the form of the present government of Russia. might conform to the march of the United States and its people It may be said further that the present situation in Russia in it<:; upward movement to a higher civilization. i the direct outgrowth of the Great War in which we took a 1\lr. DIAL. Mr. President, I should also like to ask the Sena part. The pre ent condition of that country is one of the tor if it is not true that when the Supreme Court of the United results of that war, and I am inclined to think that we have a States assumes an act to be constitutional, they also assume certain respon ibility in trying to bring about peace conditions that this branch of the Government did its duty and remained after war has ceased, the same kind of respon ibility that we within the Constitution? had in carrying on the war. I admit the connection is not '\'ery l\Ir. COLT. They do. close, but in a war in which we took part to save civilization, The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the great governments were overthrown and the people are suffering amendment proposed by the Senator from South Carolina [Mr. and can not recover economically without our assi'3tance. As a DIAL] to reduce the appropriation from $20,000,000 to great world power, is there anything written in the Con titution $10,000,000. of the United States that we should refuse aid? The amendment was rejected. l\Ir. SHIELDS. Mr. President-- 1\Ir. ASHURST. Mr. President, some Senators have come The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Rhode into the Chamber who were not here during my short speech a Island yield to the Senator from Tenne see? few moments ago. I again say that the two amendments which 1\lr. COLT. I yield. I am going to propose were adopted by. the Senate without a Mr. SHIELDS. Does the Senator as a lawyer say that the LXII-- 37 CONGRESSIONAL R.Eoo·RD-SENA'l'E. DECEl\iBER 2(), l\lr. SMOOT. No; I will say to the -'SeWltor that if-the House people of Russia 'are starving and suffering and the poor conferees will accept it, well ·and good, :but I rlo n-ot want ·to children are crying for a m·orsel of bread we should ·give them - baYe it runders.tood that we are going to carry this ~mergency .some food and some clothing which they ·could utilize, and that relief :nreasure ovm· beyond the holidays in tha:t oevent. I do we should do so immediately instead of sending over the crude not think the Senator from Ari'Zona [Mr. .A:SHUBST] would :ask -pt~oduct ·of corn? After they "get the corn it will have to go that that should lm ·done, because he knows that Russian ch:il- through the milling process ·and have to ·be ·prepared for dis dren to-day -are living upon grass and roots. We ·do not meet tribution. Corn alone d-oes not constitute a practical diet even , after the holidays until January 3, and every day in the mean- for -starving people. Why restrict the proposal to one article time means a loss of liv~s. Therefore I want to have 'it "Under- of food Jbesides milk? stood that we ·shall do what we can, !Jut that we will yield be- rfr. SMOOT. ?.Ir. President, I will ·assure the Senator from fore we will allow the bill to faiL Florida that col'n when it anives will' prevent starvation. So 1\ir. ASHURST. Mr. President, whatever "faults one may -:f.ar tas clothing is concerned, I ·suppose the · Senator from find in the Senator fro.m Utah-'and he has his faults, as we Florida is aware of the fact that there ·have been, I will not all have-a lack of frankness is .not one of them. He -says- say shiploads, but carloads· of old clothing gathered from and he is correct if this bill does not b:e·come a law-children in different 13arts of the United States and sent to Russia. It is Russia will perish. That is true, and I say if my amendment not c1othing so much as food that the Russian peo-ple want does not become a law, American citizens will perish here. right now. The peOI>le who live' in the Volga Basin to-day must The despondent, the disconsolate, who are out of money and receive food or --e1se they wm starve to death. There is no out of work, looking·not for charity, gifts, or a largess, but look- other a!J:ternati~e. It seems to me that if the ·corn and ·rye ing for work, will perish in spirit if not in body. No appropr:ia- sha-ll be -delivered there there will be no question that the people tion that could be made, nothing that could -be done, would be in that region will live upon it, and will live much better, more welcome to the people of this country than an -appr<>pria- perhaps, than they ha-ve lived for the last three or 'four -years. tion to enable the 'Depurtment of Labor to secure, if possible, Mr. TRAM IETIL. Thls bill, as I understand, does not pro- positions and jGbs for the unemployed. vide for anything for food -except corn and milk. It ~does not I have said before, and I repeat, that if this amendment 'is provide for grain to be used as food according to the pro defeated, if tlTe .baud of the Department of Labor shall be par- visions of the bill, but provides for seed grain for planting alyzed in its laudable -endeavor ;to secure work for men in order purpo ·es and not f<>r food purposes. 'Therefore, it restricts the that they may earn their daily bread, the blame will not be on diet to be gh·en to the ~tarving people in Russia to corn and a the Senate. little milk. l:f we want to help them, why is it proposed to Mark you closely to what I .now say. This Government-does -not restrict the relief to be -afforded in that way? owe .anyone a living; he who being able to work says that the Mr. SMOOT. I think if the Senator from Florida were in Government owes him a living is the idler, the malingerer, ·and the same condition as are ·the Russian people who live in the the grafter; but the Government does owe every person a Volga 'Basin he would be mighty thankful for corn. chance to-earn a decent living, and the _government that does 1\Ir. TRAMMELL. I would be mighty thankful, 1\Ir. Presi- not secure to each citiZen a .fair chance to earn a living will dent, of cour e, f Mr. TRAMMELL. Mr. President, of cour e, I would not That i the one we ax·e reaching- favor any extravagance. while around tbat famine region' i. a food-shortage rP!,rion inclUtling 1\lr. SHIELDS. l\fr. President, will the Senator indulge me lo,OOO,OOO more. in order that I may aslt the Senator from Nebraska a question? Mr. TRA.l\1l\1ELL. Yes. The witnes continues : 1\lr. SHIELDS. The Senator bas read all the testimony and Senator Bunrox, ~here is not food ('nough in the surrounuing region is familiar with the facts. I will ask him where is this suffer to keep the peopl~ ahve, let_ alone any to send into the famine re-gionc. . As G?v. Go_odrich has pomted out, there is an agricultural breakdown ing? Is it in all of Russia or just in the Volga region? m Russw which has been becoming m{lre and more serious for the last Mr. HITCHCOCK. It is in what is known as the Volga ~o or .three years. And then on top of this has come a terrible drought Basin, a territory as large, perhaps, as two of our average extending ov.er one of the three chief grain-producing regions of Russia; a rel?ion w.q1ch un~er normal conditions produces food for Moscow and States, inhabited by 1 ,000,000 people. The starvation that is the mdust~Ial region. • .a n~ even for export to other parts of Europe. prevailing there fir t affects the poorer people. Those who have Th~t food .1s gone. It 1s s1mply a cntastrophe. means are able to lJuy from neighboring territory. Last year 'Ih~ so:VIet government has tried to bring in food. It has been able to brmg m only a ver,y smal1 amount. It has tried to bring in seed. I . the crop in that region was only about one-seventh of normal was there when the'Go>emment seed trains came down into the VoJaa and the year before I thii~.k it was one-ninth of normal. They and the seeds were parceled out to the farmers. The farmers took the seed an~ planted it. I talked witb many of them and with many of haYe now, however, a good prospect for a crop next year, as the officials, and there was no one more optimistic in his statement they have had rains. The failure of the crop this year was due than .to say t~at they bad more than one-fifth of their normal needs for largely to drought; in fact, to three successive Europe they n•~Yer ,,..ill uo it. Tl1.ey will continue to allow us 1\fr. SMOOT. In United State cents? to feed them. l\Ir. WADS\YORTH. Yes; which are :at a tremendous WhJ·, 1\fr. President, it has gotten to be a disea::;e in the United premium in Russia. States to semi something to Europe, to conjure up some reason Mr. KING. I think a dollar is worth perhaps 50,000 or to go around and beg for some things to send to Europe. During 100,000 rubles. the war, from the beginning of the wru· over there, before we ever 1\fr. WADS WORTH. Perhaps I do not understand the con entered into it and ever since, if one wealthy society woman in text of this testimony, but I was struck with these figures. New York made a ubscription and it was published in the 1\ir. SMOOT. If the Senator will read the second paragraph papers almo t every other woman in the town fell over herself of the letter on page 24 he will find that that explains why there in trying to go there and make a subscription so as to get her is a shortage. It says : name in the society papers along with it. It is a fad. 1t is a After getting all the facts I can from the official reports and talk fashjon. Here is one man who ran for the nomination for ing with millers. grain merchants-- President of the United States very largely on the mon_ey that Mr. ·wADSWORTH. I have read that. he Taised and sent over to Europe. We have got to get away Mr. SMOOT. That is the paragraph that the Senator read. from it. We have got to take care of our own people and save The next paragraph is as follows : our own re ourees for our own country and let the.se people go to The Russian eats but little meat; bread is his staff of life. nnd be work. consumes in normal years about 450 to 480 -pounds, while the American H I knew the facts, I have as much ympatby for starving consumes, as I remember it, from 290 to 330 pounds per capita. cbildi'en as any man in the world, or starving grown people, as In the preceding paragraph he states that he finds that far as that is concerned; but I do believe that evei'Y nation ought European Russia produced this year from 328 to 350 pounds of to take caJ:e of its own poor as long a.s it is able to do so. I can grain per capita; so that every man, woman. and child would not believe that so rich a country as Russia is, so g~.·eat and so ' fall short under that about 130 pounds; and that is in every large .a country in area and in every possible way, is not able district in Russia, taking Russia as a whole and taking every to take care of this small part of its terlitory, not one-tenth of man, woman, and child in it. I want to say to the Senator, its whole territory, and this small pru't of its people, without however, that the Volga Basin and the .surrounding Provinces sending clear across the continent Qf Europe and the Atlantic in Russia are where the great drought occurred, and I do not Ocean to do so. care what advice we .give to those people to go to work; they 1\lr. \VADSWORTH. l\fr. President, I will ask the Senators did go to work, and they did put seed in the ground, but no in .charge of the bill to turn to pages 24 and 25 of the bearings rain came. There bas been a drought for three years, and I in order that I may get an explanation, if they will be good would not care if they had worked and hoed and plowed and enough to give it, of orne of the statements made in a letter harvested and done everything they were capable of doing; addre seu to 1\Ir. Hoover by Gov. Goodrich, the letter having they could not have raised a crop. The Lord Almighty was th~ been written to him from Russia under date of November 1, only -one who coul~ arrange tha~ ann He arranged othe1·wise. 1921. l\fr. SHIELDS. Mr. President, where did all this food come I notice that in the econd paragraph of the letter he states : from which Gov. Goodrich says is in Russia, enough to support After getting all the facts I can fr.om the official reports and talking them? Did I unde1·stand the Senator to say that there was food w1th millers, grain merchants, and men who, by reason of th-eir past enough in Russia to support all their people? connection with the business of the famine district and of Russia in Mr. SMOOT. He said: ,general. a1·e able to give much valuable information, I find that Euro After getting all the facts I can from the official reports and talking pe3..!1 Russia produeed this year fl'om 328 to 350 pounds of grain per with millers, grain merchants, and men who, by reason of theli· past cnp1ta, a. larger amount than the per eupita consumption in Amerie~. connection with the business of the famine district and of Russia in K ow, turning over to the middle of the next page, after recit general, are able to give mueb -valuable information, I fi.nd :that European Ru sia produced this yea1· from 328 to ,350 pounds of grain ing in tables certain figures of requirements and production, per eapita, a larger amount than the per capita consumption in taken fJ.'Om the oviet gDvernment, as I understand, Go:v. Good America. rich make this statement : But in the next paragraph he said: If these figmes n given out by the soviet go>ernment on the 28th The Russian eats but little meat; bread is his sta1f of life, and he of September- · con umes in normal years about 450 to 480 pounds, while the American That is, this year- consume , as I i'em.ember it, from 290 ·to 330 pounds per capita. are correct, then European Russia has a net surplus of foodstuff. I do Mr. WADS WORTH. Assuming, then, that the Russian .eats not bfrlieve tbe:re will ever be a day, unless transport utterly breaks nothing but bread, these figures ·wouid indicate tha:t his allow down, when food can not be had in Russia, even in the famine districts, if one has the money to buy. ance or supply of bread has been decreased 25 per cent, co-rer Mr. SHIELDS. I should like to ask the Senator what he is ing aU of Russia. reading from? 1\.h'. Sl\iiTH. May I a.sk the Seua.t;or from New York a 1\lr. WADSWORTH. I am reading from the hearings. que tion? He read some figm·es as to the .selling price of food Did Mr. SMOOT. Thi i a letter. products. I understand him to say that those· were in the Mr. WADSWORTH. • letter written by Gov. Goofu·ich on mal·ket places in the heart of the famine-stricken district? No-rember 1. He was then traveling in Russia. MT. WADS WORTH. According to GoY. GooclTieb. I will 1\lr. SHIELDS. Gov. Goodrich was the same witness from l'>ead it again: whom the Senator from Iowa [Mr. K.E...~YON] quoted while I The following are food priees I got in the bazzars of Kazan, Samara, wa makin~ some observations, was he not?. Saratov, .Markstn.dt, and Bal er. in the very heart of the worst of the = ~ famine district, and it was all of excellent quality. 1\fr. WADSWORTH. Yes. Mr. SHIELDS. That also appears in the same testimony? Then follow the prices of eight commodities, butter :22 cents 1\Ir. WADSWORTH. Ye . Just let me go on for another .a pound, and so on. Of course, there must be some expl3llation sentence, and read a few figures. for it, or it destroys the whole case. Gov. Goodrich proceeds; Mr. HITCHCOCK. There is an ex-planation. The following arc food prices I got in the bazaars of Kazan, Samara Mr. WADSWORTH. What is it? That is what I want to Saratov, Markstadt, and Balser, in the very heart of the worst of the get. famine di trict, and it was all of exeeUent quality: MJ.·. HITCHCOCK. That food is obtainable, but only tho e .Cents per pound. who ha;ve the money can buy it. Most of the peasants there Butler ------0------~---- 22 have worked three years without raising a cro-p, and they ba:ve It i twice that in the United States. not the money with which to buy it, and they are starving. :Bread------9 There can not be a crop failu.re three :.rears in ·succession with- Sausage______8 out a large portion of the agricultural population being im- ~jg~r · ======-======-======~~ poverished, and there iB no use in saying to those people who Rice ------12-15 have not any money that food is reasonably cheap. Good mutton and beeL------~- 3~-4 Mr. WADSWORTH. Then why should we not send them 1\Ir. McKELLAR. What is the date of that? money? 1r. WADS WORTH. November L Mr. HITCHCOCK. I think possibly it would be wise to take Mr. McKELLAR. This past November? the ;recommendation of the men ov-er there. The Senator from 1\Ir. \VADS\VORTH. Yes. New York .stands here arguing that there should not be a 1\fr. IcKELLAR. Some ·of those items are twiee as cheap · famine in Russia ; yet the fact is that there is a famir: 1 there. as they are in this country. Mr. WADSWORTH. In a porti-on of Russia. Mr. Sl\IOO'l'. What would a cent buy in Rus ian money"/ I Mr. . HITCHCOCK. The Senator argues that you ought to Doe· the Senator know? , educate the .People over there instead of _giving them food; 1\lr. ·wADSWORTH. I do not know what it would ·euy, but but you can not educate people when they are dying._ The this is the price per po11nd in cents. .statistics in the hearings which the Sen.ator has in his .hand 1B21 . CO:NG-RESSION _._t\..L RECORD-SEl' T _t\._ TE. 581 . show tile number of people tlying of tarvation in each eom Mr. ~IcKELLA.R. How coultl they get it all the way over i munity of the various districts. All the Senator bas to do is the-re from the United States, then? to read the statement of the fact . Mr. KENYON. Beeause it can be transported by water. l\lr. ·wADSWORTH. I have been emleavoring to read the Mr. McKELLAR. Do€s the Senator mean to say that they testimony. can transport the foo 1921. CO:YGRESSION ...\L R.EOO-RD-SENATE. 583 last February, the Supreme Court sustained in e\ei'Y detail the eligible for the loans, and in all other re ·pects complying with constitutionality and validity of the law. the pro\isions of the act; yet the Treasury· Department has as For nearly 15 months the system was paralyzed by rea on of sumed, according to the statement of: Judge Lobdell, to direct that litigation. Nothing was done of consequence except that when these bonds shall be issued and when they shall not be the organization was kept together. No leans, however, were issued. mad~. After the decision was handed down sustaining tlie So I argue it wlll be a very excellent thing if some farmer, constitutionality of the act the farmers of the country began to some one- whom Gov. Cox would probably call a" dirt" farmer, make applications for loans. Piles of applications had already a farmer experienced in actual farming operations, and engaged accumulated, but they were discarded; it was ordered that new in that industry, shall be connected directly with the Treasury applications had to be filed. A new bond issue was ordered, and Department, with both the Federal Resei·ve Board, the Farm in :llay last an iss-ue of $60,000,000 of bonds was put upon the Loan Board, and the boards of directors of the Federal land market and they were readily taken·up by the public. So this banks, also. fund was available to loan to the farmers. I am perfectly willing, l\lr. President, that men e.:xperienced Recently another issue of bonds of $40,000,000 has been put in financial affairs llD:d in business, experts, if you please, in out by the Farm Loon Board, for the $60,000,000 was wholly commercial matters, may hold these positions, provided they inadequate to meet the demands then made. The system is do not discriminate against and neglect the interests of agri workable; it is sound; it is ef unquestione€1, demonstrated:, and culture ; provided they do not demonstrate on every occasion enormous benefit to the agricultural interests of the country. that they' have a special slant toward commerce and industry, Howe"\'er, what is happening under it? The Farm Loan business, and trade, rather than toward agriculture. They Board says they can not find money for making loans beyond seem to forget agriculture. S:150,000,000 or $200,000,000 per annum for two reasons~ First, a Mr. President, as we know, the farmers must obtain their physical inability to handle the business; that they lack the loans from the proceeds of bonds which are offered to the pub physical capacity under the organization to handle more than lic. Unless the bonds are offered, there can be no sale, and $150,000,000 or $200,000,000 in loans per annum; second, because unless there is a sale of b:onds· there are no proceeds, and the they very much question if the public will absorb a greater loan,":! can not be made. The Treasury Department determined amount than from $150,000,000 to $200,000,000 of these bonds that they did not want these bonds put on the market. Why? Pei' annum. The Treasury Department is not interested in agriculture ap l\Ir. President, the Farm Loan Board ought to be arranging parentiJI; they are more concerned· about business and commer to loan to the farmer of this country at this time $1,000,000 cial affairs, and the Treasury Department did not want these every day of the year. The loan of $150,000,000 or $200,000;000 bonds to come into competition with Liberty bonds and Victory to- all the farmers of the country. is wholly inadequate and in bonds and Treasury certificates. They wanted the whole mar suffident; the board ought to loan three times that amount; and ket for their securities, and the farmers? securities may be laid I contend that the reasons the board offers for not extending aside and wait. That is the attitude. Consequently the bonds the operation of the system and meeting the calls and urgent were not offered, consequently there were no saTes, and conse demands of the farmers all over the land are unsound. If, for quently there were no funds to loan to the farmers. instance, the board needs a larger force in each of the land Ur. S:\flTH. 1\Ir. President, who is the authority to deter banks of the country, there being 12 of them, let them employ mine when a.nd how these bonds shall be isSlled? more experts, more abstracters, more lawyers to examine and Mr. FLETCHER The Farm Loan Boardr 'Ihe Federal land pas upon paper , and more clerks to transact the business. bank reports tlrrough the registrar up to the Farm Loan Hoard : Under the law they have a margin of one-half of 1 per cent "We have so m:iny applications for loans. We have pa5~ed on all loans to cover the expenses of administering the system. upon and approved so many of these applications. \Ve recom- - That is far more than they need. A margin of one-fourth of 1 mend the issue of bonds to a certain amount ancT ask your ap per cent would afford an adequate sum for an the force that provaL" Here a1·e men out yonder in the country, toiling day they can require in order to transact the bu ine . Let them and night, owning their farms, cultivating them, producing the increase their forces in all the banks where needed ; let them food for the people of this country. They want some capital increase their- office force here or elsewhere as may be neces accommodation. They offer their property as security on. the sary in order to accommodate the needs of the agricultural basis of 50 per cent of the value of that property as- determined interests. by your appraiser, not theirs. The Farm Loan Board name In the ~c cond place, their assumption that the public will not the appraisers in every distrfct. Tl1eir appraisers pass upon the absorb more than from $150,000,000 to $200,000,000 per year of \alue of the property offered as security. Tiley can not loan farm loan bonds is, in my judgment, without foundation. I need beyond 50 per cent of that value. These applications have been only refer Senators to the letter of Farm Loan Commissioner approved. They amount to so much-say, $500,000. The Fed .obdell to the Senator from Iowa [Mr. KENYON] of October 15, eral land bank says, "We apply to you, the Fal'm Lean Board, 1921, which lias been printed in the RECORD, in ordei to s~1ow to authorize us to issue bonds against these collective mort that fact. He says : gages of $iSOO,OOO." rt is for the Farm Loan Board to autllorize LeaYing out, then, the question of direct loans from the Treasury, that issue ; otha-wtse no bonds can be put upon the market, as tbe question arises as to th.e rapidity with which the inve ting public I ha\e said, no sales made; and- no flillds raised with whi-ch to will absorb farm loan bonds. That' question, has ne\er been faitlY tested out, because until the prese.nt time_ we ha.>e never been permitted make-the loans tli.at are applied for by these farmers. to make two successiYe sales in a single year-the Treasury- heretofore :\fr. SIDTH. ~fr. President, if the Senatot· will allow me, preferting to take the· bonds ratbirr than have us make- repeated who constitute the Farm Loan Board now? I am acquainted offerings. with one or two of the members. How many members li.a-ve Ur. Pre ident, who has any authority or· right to denJI per fu~? . mi. sion to the Farm. Loan Board to make as many offerings. of Mr. FLETCHER. There al'e five- members. The Secretary farm loan bonds each :rear as. may be needed? Judge Lobdell ot the Treasury is ex officio chairman, and there are four other says : members appointed by the President and confirmed by the Until the present time we have ne-...er been permitted- Senate. By whom? Not by the President, for he had nothing to do ~Ir. SMITH. The Secretary of the Treasury constitutes one with it. B:y the Secretary of the Treasury? Undoubtedly he of the five? must be the authority, for he is chairman of the board; or by i\lr. FLETCHER. Yes. the Treasury Department-! will put it in that way in order Mr. S:UITH~ Judging from the letter that the-Senator read, not to make it personal. Where does the Treasury Department it seems as though he has assumed the authO'rity to say when ~et the authority to deny to the Farm Loan Board the right to and how·these bonds shall be issued, if any at all. Is the Sen order the issuance of these bonds as they may be needed? There ator advised as to whether he has done this with or without the is no such authority. Congress never intended that the question consent of his Farm Loan Board? when farm loan bonds should be offered to the public and in ~Ir. FLETCHER. I have read what Judge Lobdell said in what amounts should be determined by the Secretary of the his letter to the Senator from Iowa [Mr. KE~Yo:"f]. He says: Trea:sury or by the Ti:easury Department. The Federal land That que tion h:rs never been. fairly tested out- bunk, when funds are needed, must make application to the That is, the question as to how many bonds the public will Farm Loan Board for its approval of such issue, and upon such absorb per annum:-- approYal, under seetions 18 and 19- of the farm loan act, the Becau"Se, nnb'l the present time, we have never been permitted to bonds are i ued. make two succe sive sales in a single year. The duty o-f the Fe-Hera l land banks, on approval of the Fm·m How permitted, and by whom? I can only infer that it must Lonn Board, is to issue ns many bonds as W"ill be necessary to have been done by the Treasury Department. meet the nf>e l\Ir. Sl\liTH. And the law clothes the board with authority? - That is the situation-not a farmer on the Farm Loan Board; _lr. FLETCHER. He gives the reason: not a farmer on the board of directors of a single Federal land 'l'lle Treasury hereto{ore preferring to take the bonds rather . than bank, chosen by farmers. Think of it. The farmer has no have us make repeated offerings. voice in the choosing of the directors of the banks wllich he I will get to that. It is proper to explain and relate certain himself owns. Did you ever hear of such a situation as that? circumstances at this point. The Senator will remember that in Is it not time that some people came here and put their heads Jauuars, 1918, the Congress passed an amendment to the farm together, representing the_, people of this country, and made an loan act; and this was done, mind you, at the insistence of the honest effort to see that the farmers of this country shall not be neglected and discriminated against in this humiliating and Farm L<>an Board, because in their report they say this: 1 shameful way? Call it ' agricultural bloc" if you like; I would A ~·ear's experience of the numerous and complicated problems aris ing in the management and operation o! these banks makes us doubt rat~er be a member of an agricultural bloc than of an aggre the wisdom of intrusting their control to borrowing members whose gation of blockheads. The farmers of this country are not going familial"ity with the system has been limited to a few months' study to stand for that sort of treatment. They do not know what is or observation from the outside. It is doubtful if the direct manage ment and control of any bank which is dependept upon borrowed capital going on until it is pointed out to them, but when they do know for its control and operation can be safely delegated to the borrowers it you may look for something to happen. from such bank. As far as•I am concerned, I feel like taking full re~'Ponsibility An amendment to the act, providing !or a lengthened period of gove1·nmental control, has therefore been prepared and is respectfully for any share I may have in seeing that this fundamental in~ submitted for the consideration of the Congress. dustry of the country, upon which all prosperity must rest-be Kow, what was done? The amendment to the act was passed ca~se if the farm~rs are not prosperous nobody else can be in authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to buy $200,000,000 th1s land-has just and fair treatment in the legislative and in of the bonds of farm loan banks, and that amendment provides the executive branche.s of this Government. that o long us the bonds of any bank shall be held by the l\Ir. SMITH. Mr. President-- Treasury the temporary organization of such bank shall con The VICE PRESIDENT.- Does the Senator from Florida tinue in power. What does that mean? yield to the Senator from South Carolina? EYery director of eyery bank is selected and named by the l\Ir. FLETCHER. I yield. Farm Loan Board. That was the temporary organization; but Mr. SMITH. If the Senator will allow me I must confess my in the farm loan act Congress specifically provided that when ignorance as to the passage of the amendm~t to which he calls eYer the stock to the amount of $100,000 was paid up in any of attention-;-that is, the one providing that so long as the Treas the::;e banks, that moment the stockholders themselves would ury Department holds these bonds against the seYeral land ha >e the right to select six of the directors, and the Farm Loan banks the Treasury shall name the directors. It seems to me Board would haYe the right to name three of the directors of that the purpose of that amendment is too apparent-that there that bank. That was done for a distinct purpose, with the idea after, they naming the directors, they will, of course control of promoting cooperation among the farmers, with the idea of the whole workings of the system from the Treasury' Depart ment. connecting them up directly with the system which was insti Mr. FLETCHER. Absolutely. hltecl for their special benefit, created in their interest, and 1\Ir. Sl\IITH. Why is it not competent for us this matter designed to ~ ene agriculture throughout the country. Every time a man borrows money he must pay 5 per cent of the having been brought to the attention of the Se~ate, to have amount of hi-· loan for stock in the farm loan association of that part of the law repealed? . wbicb be is a member, and the farm loan association must sub Mr. FLETCHER. I think it i , and I think it should ·be done, scribe to 5 per cent of the stock of the Federal land bank in and done promptly. that district, so that by that system the farmers themselves Mr. KENYON. Is it not too late to do mucll practical good? become stockholders in the Federal land banks; and whenever They have the whole thing sewed up for 20 years. that stock amounted to $100,000 in any of these banks that Mr. FLETCHER. Of course I think Congress can repeal moment the farmers themselves would have the right to select the act that ties it up for 20 years._ I think we can repeal that six of the directors in those banks, always retaining three to be act at once, and I will say that a bill has been intl·oduced to selected by the Farm L<>an Board, giving them that authority do that. It is, I think, before-the Committee on Bankin" and at any and all times and as to every bank. Currency. It '""as introduced by the Senator from l\Io~tana \Vheri this amendment was passed by Congress, in January, [1\Ir. WALSH]. 1918, eight of these banli:s had more than $100,000 each of their 1\Ir. KEl\TYON. It will probably be there for 20 years. capital stock owned by the farmers who had borrowed money 1\Ir. FLETCHER. It is resting there very quietly anll the through those banks. Congress passed this amendment at the committee is not likely to act unless strongly urged. ' instance of the Farm Loan Board, saying: "The Secretary of I am simply saying this, Mr. President, by way of showing the Treasury is antholized to purchase $200,000,000 of these that the farmers of this country are not receiving· proper con farm loan bonds." sideration. They are in position to offer absolute security for The fact was the Treasury did not want those bonds put on every dollar that is furnished them under this system. As the market, and the farmers of the country had a right to be evidence of that, let me read you further from what Jnd"e up in arms because here was a system instituted for their Lobdell says as to the safety of this security, because fir;t benefit which would. -cease to function, cease to provide any if there is at;ty liiD!-tation on the physical ability of these peopl~ money, .. although they offered the security and complied with to handle th1s busmess that can be removed by increasing tlleir the law, because the Treasury would not let the bonds go upon force. If it is claimed that there is a limitation of the other the market. - kind-namely, that the public will not take more than one When that situation became acute something had to be done. hundred and fifty to two hundred million dollars of their bonds The Treasury had to devise a substitute for a sale of these per annum-! deny th~t there has been any proof of that, be bonds. Then they said we will have to take some of these cause Judge Lobdell himself says that has not yet been fairly bonds and pay for them out of the Treasury funds, but when tested out. we do that we must provide in the law that so long as the Gov The last issue of these bonds are to-day quoted at $103. I ernment owns any of the e bonds the Farm Loan Board shall belieYe the public will take $360,000,000 of these bonds every name every director in every district bank-that is, the tem year. But in order to meet that objection I have proposed an porary organization of each and every district Federal land amendment to this act making short-term paper with farm-loan bank shall continue in effect. These bonds run for 20 years. bonds to the amount of the face of the paper as collateral That gi>es the Farm Loan Board absolute control over all the attached eligible for rediscount in the Federal resene banks. affairs of every land bank throughout the land for the next 20 That w·ould create an almost unlimited demand for these bonds years. and there is no . question but what the banks generally them: Mr. President, some people talk about agricultural blocs. We c;elws would want the bonds, iE we would make short-term ·hear, now and then, some criticism of those gentlemen who paper wi~h them attached eligible for rediscount in the Federal seek to confer together for the purpose of cooperating and reserve banks. bringing about some definite, constructive action which shall But the Farm Loan Board is not helping us in that effort and .mean that the agricultural interests of this country shall not be the Federal ReserYe Board- is opposing it. They say that means sacrificed. Is there not need for something of that kind? Here inflation. In one breath they say it means inflation and in lhe are 139,000 stockholders in the district land banks in this coun next breath they .say the bank will not take the bonds, that try-rneq who ha•e subscribed for that stock and paid for it it will not broaden the market for these bonds, and, therefore, aml who haYe a double liability resting upon them the sam~ there is no use to pass thi -legislation. One argument they offer liability that the stockh~lde~ in a national bank h~s, and yet answers the other. not one of them has a vmce m the selection of a sin"le director So that eYery point the Farm Loan Board makes with regard to take part in condncting the affairs of those bank~. to the .rensons '"by they do not furnisl1 more money, and more 1921 . . CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 585 speE:>dily, to the farmers of this country in response to their appli Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Farm Loan Boaru are cations is utterly inconclusive. At least, there is not a question all under the dominating influence of the Treasury. but what every one. of them can be overcome. For one, seeing how the agricultural interests of this country Mr. WATSON of Georgia. Mr. President, I will state for the are not being properly regarded and fairly treated, seeing how the information of the Senator and of the Senate that the branch farmers themselves are being ignored and imposed upon by the bank at Columbia, S. C., is supposed to furnish money in administration of these systems at present, I can ee no othet· Georgia, and I have yet to learn of a single loan being made way to remedy the situation just now but to endeavor to pro in the State of Georgia. On the contrary, the applications are vide by law that farmers shall be directly connected with these turn('d down and treated with contempt, and the claim that they agencies of the Government. I would instantly repeal the law ha Ye not sufficient clerical force is in part disproved by the fact which deprives them of the right to select six directors of each thn t the replies to these applicants for loans take up two or of these district land banks. It is all right to ha\e the Gov three typewritten pages, and the loan could have been passed ernment name the other three, but farmer borrowers are the on, or put in proce ·s of being passed on, while the man was stockholders, and they ought to name six of these directors, so-called agricultural bloc together and has inspired all its where it will be a blessing to the country because it is self activities. . sustaining and prosperous. I feel certain if these critics knew the actual conditions in Mr. President, I would not have you believe that the agri rural America as the members of this group know them, and cultural situation is hopeless. I see many indications of im ·if they were in touch with what these men are trying to do, aU provement, and the helpful legislation passed at the special opposition to its efforts would cease. Notwithstanding what session of the Sixty-se1enth Congress undoubtedly has aided _these critics may say, the agricultural group has never asked in bringing about the change for the better. The revival of the for class legislation. It has never attempted to dictate to the War Finance Corporation has helped wonderfully to put the . majority. ''e who are of it ha\e simply united our efforts farmer in a more confident and optimistic frame of mind . . for measures that we knew were for the good of the country President Hru.'ding's sympathetic attitude toward agriculture as a whole. has been another encouraging factor. The producers of the When an $80,000,000,000 industry capable of supplying the West have undoubtedly reached the lowest ebb of their eco Nation annually with $22,000,000,000 of new wealth and 50 nomic status and there is an evident tendency toward an up per cent of its bank deposits is well-nigh prostrate, it would ward trend. seem that rescue parties might better be hailed with joy than But the farmer is still in need of the Government's best >iewed with alarm; also that whatever will promote the pri attention. He must have relief from the unequal price level mary industry of food production might well be thought as of which has been the source of his greatest discouragement. He the common good rather than as class legislation and a menace. must have still further reduction in freight rates, for agri·· Statistics-_ running back half a century show that business culture as well as commerce and industry has felt keenly the failures generally Yary in number in -inverse ratio with the paralyzing effect of excessive transportation charges. Then, money ·value of crops per acre in the preceding year. When too, we must give the farmer more flexible personal et:edit crop \alues are high, business failures the following year are accommodations and a banking system adequate to rural needs. few, and vice versa. This year, following an equally disastrous - 1\lr. President, nobody can impartially study the history of year in 1920, farmers are getting from 80 to 90 cents in thelr agriculture and conclude that it has not been sorely neglected. local market for wheaf which cost them $1.37 to produce, and It bas ''just growed." For a century and a half nearly every-- from 20 to 25 cents for corn which cost them 60 cents a bushel thing we have done, every system we have contrived in market to grow. The 1i1e-stock farmer is a still heavier loser. ing, transportation, and banking, has been built to fit the de Within the last five years in one Kansas county hogs ha1e velopment, happiness, and profit of city life. A Department of decreased from 33,000 to little more than 15,000, while the eoru Agriculture and a few agricultural colleges have been consid acreage is 70 per cent less than si:x: years ago. I have these ered adequate to meet our obligations to agriculture. And so figures from the county farm agent of the State. tlley would if all that agriculh1re needed was advice; but it The president of the Oklahoma State Board of Agricultme needs to grow ancl prosper in organized efficiency like the rest says Oklahoma has 48,000 farms without a steer on them, and of the modern, highly organized world. that Oklahoma has 800,000 fewer stock cattle than in 1909. E:or more than a generation the American farmer has been Stocks of cured beef on October 1 were the lowest ever re awake to his isolated situation and has been struggling to mend ported to the Bureau of l\larkets, being 4,000,000 pounds.... less it. ''hen the after-war collapse occurred, it was the farmer than a year ago; 17,000,000 pounds less than the five-year aver who was without the organization and machinery to protect age. These are Government figures. It looks as if >ery himself, and saw his products made the football of speculation shortly beefsteak will, indeed, be beefsteak. and gambling. But what I fear most, Mr. President, is that as a Nation Mr. President, farming is the only business left that buy· at we are regarding the present condition of agriculture merely retail and sells at wholesale; that pays what is asked when it as a passing effect of the World War, not as the culmination of bu~·s and accepts what is offered when it sells. The farmer long-standing conditions adverse to the economic health of this remains merely a producer of the necessaries of human life. industry which the war has only intensified and hastened. .After he has produced them other organizations take them over One of the most successful and respected farmers in the at their own price for distribution. This is true of no other United States, J. R. Howard, president of the American Farru important industry. The producer gets but one-third of every Bureau Federation, has declared that one and a half millions of dollar paid b~· the consumer for the products of the farm. the six million farmers of the country would to-day be insolvent Our expensi>e and antiquated marketing system takes the other if compelled to meet their obligations. two-thirds. A farmer who has really farmed writes me: The commercial marketing and distributing agencies, well Everv colt, hog, and steer I raise costs me more than I get for it; supplied witll credit and closely linked with a highly organized most of my wheat cost me more than I was paid for it ; the tuxes on industrial sy ·tenr, do not, like the farmer, dump their products some of my land are more than I can get oJI the land. after they ha>e passed into their hands in a heap upon a con l\lr. President, this decline of our agricultural industry has gested market. With their facilities for nicely adjusting suppl~· been goi.llg on in every agricultural State, and ~-et this Nation to demand, the middlemen, by means of the warehouse, the ele to-day would be flat on its back if it were not for agriculture vator, and cold-storage plant, and the grain and cotton exchanges, aud this year's crops. Sold at a loss, as these crop · bave been, feed out the world's food supplies as demand calls for them. when marketable at all under the excessive freight rates, they During the entire yeae they obtain what the products are fairly have been the cause of an enormous amount of newly created worth. The farmer gets only a third as mucll, and sometimes wealth changing hands. What money the farmer gets flows to less. the cities for his supplies, and so the Kation's bu.-iness is kept Farming being too hazardous a business to be longer main ali>e. How much better business can be, or will be, depends tained at the mercy of glutted markets during e>ery crop sea on agriculture and the opportunities it has to pro._ per and son and of organized buyers, in self-preservation the farmers mal.:e progress. of the United States are turning to self-organization, to dis Here, 1\fr. President, is the true rea ·on why we ha-re a group pose of their products; and to the control of elevators and of men in Congress sometimes called the "farm bloc." Our of warehouse· to market their own products and be represented entire business structure rests upon the laud. The farmer not on e:x:cbanges. only feeds u and clothes us, but i · as a class our best cus In his recent message to Congress, President Harding ga ,.e tomer. Without him the railroads would languisll. the steel his unqualified' approYal to cooperative marketing legislation. industry perish. Unless the farmer and the farm industry Con\inced that farm cooperation is desirable, a former Con I prosper, no other industry can. This is the ta ··k these Repre gress, by an amendment of the Federal trade act, undertook senati-res and Senators from the agricultural States feel they to release farm cooperative societies from any suspicion of at ha>e cut out for them. They will welcome help and support tempted monopoly by exempting combinations " not for profit " from any direction. This is a manifest duty they owe to the from the scope of the antitrust act, which are intended to con entire country, not merely to their constituency, for no one is trol wholly different forms of org·anization. Because this going to escape the consequences of this collapse of agriculture. amendment proved ineffecti>e, the Yolstead-Capper bill, now It now is only a question of ending it as soon as possible and, being pressed by the agricultural group, authorizes and \alidates if pos ible, for all time. I know that tllis is possible, just as farm cooperation. I know that it is imperative if we are again to know the mean 1\lr. President, in farmer cooperation the amount of stock to ing of good times. any one stockholder is limited, the cooperative project is lim The measm·es supported by the "agricultural bloc " are not ited, and the stock dividends are limited to a fi:x:ed rate hav proposals to gi\e the farmer something for nothing, nor are ing no relation to the earnings, as in a corporation, but haying they class legislation. They are the remedies urg-ed by econ regard to the ruling rate of interest for money or capital. It omists and students of agriculture, and, above all, by the fru·m is b:r the~e limitations that the farm-marketing enterprise is ers themselves to uplift this fun spiJ:it maintained. In fa-rmer cooperation capital andJabor are ing policy of this Nation should be the cnrrying out of a "'reat one. The di\idends are rated on the product contributed, not constructive program for the encouragement and upbuildiug or ·on the capital invested. its fann and live-stock industry. If the measures propo ed for 1Ve have discovered that middlemen organizations to Pl'e· the l'elief of aglicultm:e are enacted, they will lay a broad vent the rise of farm cooperative maxketing ·are attacking local :foundation on which may be erected the world's best and most rCOOperative organizations .ef farmers in the courts ;for violation enduring system of agriculture. That also would mean the of the antitru t acts. The cooperative movement has long been npbtulding of what would be the world's most enduring and ·obstructed and cl.iscouraged by these interests. most widespread and genuine national prosperity. Danger of an agricultural monopoly through co·operation .is It seems to me, the fact that our prosperity as a people so not seriously urged, except for political purposes by special in· largely depends on American agricultu:ce should lea£1: us in terests. Em·ope has proved that under farmer-cooperative escapably to the conclusion that national welfar0 can bes~ be enterprises an agricultural trust is impracticable and is ·con· subserved by making farming a sate and fairly profitable in trary to all .cO'Operative experience. Farm cooperation has .not du tty. in this country, and as progressively modern and efficient been successful in Europe nor in the United States, where the as is any other inclustry. members are widely scattered, or where they are engaged in ENROLLED BIIL A ·o JOINT RESOLUTION SIGNED. producing different products. Least of all is the American farmer likely to lose his individualiBm. Unless modern agri A me "' age from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Over· culture is to be taken over bodily by big business and great hue, its enrolling clerk, announroducts can ·not be welded into a other purposes," approved October 6, 1917, as amended; and corporate aggregation. H. J. Res.238. Joint resolution to amend an act entitled "An While the .American farmer leads the world in production per act to amend section 955 of the Revised Statutes by extending .lllan, this Nation tands alone in the world in its inhibitions the jurisdiction of courts in cases of revivor." against farm marketing cooperation. In asking for the removal of legal obstructions to farm cooperation and to placing of the EXECUTITE SES SIO:!S'. American farmer on the same footing as ills competitor in every, Mr. CURTIS. I move ihat the Senate proceed to the con id .other country on the globe, the " agricultural ·bloc" is not asking eration of executive business. special class legislation. The American farmer can never be an . The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the efficient ·alesman of his own product without the clear legal consideration of executive business. After 10 minutes spent in right to market t11em collectively, as gi\en him in the Volstead· executive session the doors were reopened aud (at 5 co'clock and 'apper bill. 35 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjou:rned until to-morrow, It i not a belief but a conviction from which I can not , Wednesday, December 21, 1921, at 12 o'clock meridian. ~.-cape that the farmer must be put on an equal footing with the man who buy his product or he will invariably get the worst .of it. In clearing the way for agricultural cooperation, the r ·Ol\lll~ATlON . agricultural bloc is not seeking to give the farmer pecial adva.n- 1 Executive nominations received by 'the Senate December 20, tages over others .but to open the way for him to adopt a plan 1921. of industrial organization suited to the conditions of his in dustry, .as corporation is suited to other industries. REGISTER OF THE LAND OFFICE. Other measure to which the o.called "farm bloc" has given Henry H. Errett, ol Clayton, N. Mex., to be :register of rthe it~:; . anction include the Capper-Tincher antigrain gambling bill, land office at • Clay~on, N. Mex., Yice Paz Valverde, term expired. all·eady enacted into law. That measure is not class legisla· PROMOTIO~S Dr THE NAVY. tion but to correct the abuses of the grain exchanges, correcting evils condemned by the exchanges themselves and many years MARINE CORPS. .ago prohibited in their own nllings. Oapt. Robert E. Messersmith to be a major in the l\farine The same thing may be said of the bills regulating cold stor· Corps from the 22d day of September, 1920. age and providing for control of the packing industry, the Capt. Arthur J. White to be a major in the 1\imine Oorp from Capper-French truth in fabrics bill, which applies to fabrics the 21st day of February, 1921. pro\ision similar to those of the pure food act, the bill that Capt. James T. Reid to be a major in the Marine Corp· from places a repre entati\e of agriculture on the Federal Reserve the 28th clay of August, 1921. Board, and the bills creating more liberal banking credit, par First Lieut. Walter S. Gaspar to be a captain in the 1\larlne ticularJy personal credit, on crops and farm machinery, and Corps from the 14th day of July, 1921. making such paper more easily discountable. First Lieut. Elton C. Hersman .to be a captain in the l\Iarine Tl1e credit measure is the only one susceptible to the accusa· Corps from the 28th day of August, 1921. tion of class legislation, for the 1·eason that it does attempt First Lieut. William K. MacNulty to be a captain in the to enlarge the banking credit of agriculture. As commerce and 1\Iarine Corps from the 24th day of September, 1921. lJusiness have had to have a form of banking credit adapted to First Lieut. Alfred Dickerson to be a captain in the l\larine their needs, o it is with the farmer. We probably have the Corps from the 18th day of October, 1921. fine t commercial banking system in the world, with its 30-day, First Lieut. Jacob M. Pearce to be a captain in the l\Iarine 60-any, and 90-day note, perfectly suited to the turnover in com Corps from the 30th day of No\"ember, 1921. mercial business. The farmer's turnover is mainly once iu 12 Second Lieut. Kenneth B. Collings to be a first lieutenant in month ·, or in the case of stockmen from i to 3 year. . Our the Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. commercial system of credit does not fit his needs. Second Lieut. Frank H. Fleer to be a first lieutenant in the The purpose of the credit bills advocated by the "agl'icul· Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. tural bloc" is to create banking facilities for farmers which Second Lieut. Francis Kane to be a first lieutenant in the :o:haH be adjusted to the times and seasons of their needs; not Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. · to give credit where credit is not warranted. It is a belated Second Lieut. Clinton W. -1\IcLeod to be a first lieutenant in effort to meet a profound need of agriculture. Its intent is not the Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. to supply the farmer with a more generous line of credit than Second Lieut. John 'J\ Thornton to be a. first lieutenant in the other industries, but to .fill the wide gap that has existed be Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. tween his indush·y and the credit that every. other industry Second Lieut. Edward Selby to be a ,first lieutenant in the enjoys. These bills provide for ample security for every credit Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. the farmer asks and take notice of the longer period of his Second Lieut. Cyril W~ 1\fartsr to be a first lieutenant in the business turnover both as to crops and as to live stock. Marine Corps from the 1st day of July, 1921. National "elfare and the Nation's prosperity in business are llependent on what is produced from the soil-not 5 nor· 10 POSTMASTERS. years from no", but this year and next year and every year. ARKANSAS. Busine s should be aiding iUBtead of fighting its best friend; Herbert D. Edwards to be postmaster at Benton, Ark., in should be aiding instead of opposing the efforts of u farm place of L. B. White, resigned. blocs " in Congress. l\Ir. President, agriculture must obey the f;reat 1aw of the FLOrJDA. universe; it must adapt itself to modern conditions or cease to . Mary E. Edwards to lJe postmaster at Lloyd, Fla. Office be. exist. 1 belieYe that for the next quarter century the outstand- came presidential July 1, 1921. 1921. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 589 IDAHO. Dorsey L. Barnett to be postmaster at Robertsdale, Pa. Office Ellen 0. McCready to be postmaster at Driggs, Idalw, in place became presidential April 1, 1921. of J. D. Edlefsen, removed. Edwin L. Moses to be postmaster at Cambridge Springs, Pa., in place of A. S. Faber. Incumbent's commission expired May ILLI ~ ors. 2, 1921. Frank W. Squire to be postmaster at Godfrey, Ill., in place of SOUTH CAROLINA. F. W. Squire. Ineumbent's commission expired March 16, 1921. Charles C. Withington to be postmaster at Greenville, S. C., IOWA. in place ofT. H. Pope. Incumbent's commission expired March Wallace n.. Ramsay to be postmaster s.t Belmond, Iowa, in 16, 1921. place of R. C. Morse. Incumbent's commission expired July TENNESSEE. 21, 1920. James l\f. Yokley to be postmaster at Baileyton, Tenn. Office Ella K. Holt to be-postmaster at Blanchard, Iowa, in place of became presidential July 1, 1921. G. A. Pruitt, resigned. Helen M . Ruef to be postmaster at Sewanee, Tenn., in plar:e KANSAS. of B. J. Myers, resigned. Ralph ·w. Martin to be postmaster at Moran, Kans., in place Charles E. Pennington to be postmaster at Sweetwater, Tenn., of J. J. Wilson. Incumbent's commission expired July 23, 1921. in place of H. L. Browder, deceased. James l\f. Kendall to be postmaster at Summerfield, Kans., in WASHINGTON. place of A. H. Gallaghei'. Incumbent's commission expired July James B. Morford to be postmaster at Poulsbo, Wash., in 23, 1921. place of J. B. Morford. Incumbent's commission expired April MAINE. 19, 1921. Charles R Folsom to be postmaster at Kents Hill, Me. Office WEST VITIGINIA. became presidential Janun.ry 1, 1921. l\Iable ,V. l\IcCoy to be postmaster at Glen Jean, W.Va. Office MISSOURI. became presidential January 1, 1921. Mollie Sparks to be postmaster at Bellflower, Mo. Office be William H. Nicholson to be postmaster at Manayka, W. Va. came presidential July 1, 1921. Office became presidential July 1, 1920. Paul P. Bradley to be postmaster at Leeton, Mo., in place of WYOMING. A. B. Harris. Incumbent's commission expired December 20, Albert C. Schain to be postmaster at Deaver, 'Vyo. Office 1920. became presidential January 1, 1921. NEVADA. Jeanann M. Fay to be postmaster at East Ely, Nev., in place CONFIRMATIONS. of J. M. Fay. Incumbent's commission expired January 13, Executi-r;e nominations confinnea by the Senate December 20, 1921. 1921. Eva A. Smith to be postmaster at Minden, Nev., in place of Catherine Marsh, resigned. JUDGES CmcuiT CounT OF HAWAII. NEW HA-MPSHIRE. Frank Andrade to be first judge of the circuit court, first circuit of Hawaii. Fred W. Colton to be postmaster at Hinsdale, N. H., in place court, fi1·st of A. M. Bari'ows. Incumbent's commission expired July 21, John R. Desha to be fourth judge of the circuit 1921. circuit of Hawaii. NEW YORK. UNITED STATES ATTORNEY. Wiliiam R. Ryan to be postmaster at Shushan, N. Y. Office E. E. Hindman to be United States attorney for the southern became presidential January 1, 1921. district of Mississippi. Samuel Locker to be postmaster at Parlin, N. Y., in place of UNITED STATES MARSHAL. Samuel Locker. Incumbent's commission expires January 24, James H. l\Iulheron to be United States marshal, district of 1922. New Jersey. NORTH CAROLINA. COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS. ·wesley. L. Norman to te postmaster at Banners Elk, N. C. John C. 1\IcBride to be collector of customs for collection dis Office became presidential April 1, 1921. trict No. 31, headquru.·ters at Juneau, Alaska. Thomas E. Harwell to be postmaster at Catawba, N.C. Office REGIS'rER OF THE LAND OFFICE. became presidential January 1, 1921. 'Valter Hogan to be postmaster at Ellerbe, N. C. Office be 1\Iiss Martha J. Spears to be register of the land office at came presidential January 1, 1921. Denver, Colo. Grover L. Harbinson to be postmaster at Maiden, N. C. PRoMoTIONs IN THE CoAsT GuARD. Office became presidential January 1, 1921. Norman B. Hall to be lieutenant (engineering). Eli D. Byrd to be postmaster at Ronda, N. C. Office became Philip B. Eaton to be lieutenant (engineering). presidential October 1, 1921. · William J. Kossler to be lieutenant, junior grade (engineer Amelia B. Stepp to be postmaster at Black Mountain, N. C., ing). in place of W. C. Hall, deceased. PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. George T. Whitaker to be postmaster at Franklinton, N. C., To be major generals. in place of G. L. Whitfield. Incumbent's commission expired Harry Foote Hodges. July 21, 1921. Omar Bundy. Jeshua P. Jessup to be postmaster at Hertford,· N. C., in To be b1 igadier ge'nerals. place of Watson Winslow, deceased. Benjamin .Andrew Poore. NORTH DAKOTA. George Van Horn Moseley. Clara E. l\Ioe to be po tmaster at Rutland, N. Dak. Office To be colonel. became presidential April 1, 1921. Laurence Halstead, Infantry. OHIO. To be lieutenant colonels. Robert J. Simpson to be postmaster at Piney Fork, Ohio. Robert John Binford, Infantry. Office became presidential April 1, 1921. John Augustus Brockman, Infantry. William C. Ferver, to be postmaster at New Waterford, Ohio. Charles Conaway Burt, Coast Artillery Corps. Office became presidential April 1, 1921. George Steele Gillis, Quartermaster Corps. Roy G. Sutherin to be postmaster at East Palestine, Ohio, in John Joshua Fulmer, Infantry. place of G. G. Wilkinson, deceased. Joseph Irving McMull~n, Judge Advocate General's Depart• John P. Locke to be postmaster at Tiffin, Ohio, in place of ment. G. X. Young. Incumbent's commission expired January 18, Matt Combes Bristol, Finance Department. 1920. Francis Cassius Endicott, Infantry. OKLAHOMA.. Thomas Pitcher Bernard, Cavalry. Wesley Z. Dilbeck to be postmaster at Rocky, Okla., in place Daniel D. Tompkins, Cavalry. of S. A. Walker, removed. Clarence Anderson Dougherty, Cavalry. PEXNSYL\ANIA. John Hastings Howard, Air Service. illysses Breisch to be postmaster at Ringtown, Pa. Office be Sheldon Webb Anding, Infantry. carne presidential January 1, 1921. William Gaither Murchison, Infantry. -590 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECE~IBER 20, Jo. eph Howard Barnard, Quartermaster Corps. Charles Holmes Cunningham, Corps of Engineers. Rodman Butler, Quartermaster Corps. Dwight Frederick Jolms, Corps of Engineers. Howard_:tanley Miller, Coast Artillery orps. William Arthur Snow, Corps of EuO'ineers. Clarence Lininger, Cavalry. Thomas Dewees Finley, Infantry. Edward ~lurray Otfley, Cavalry. Elroy Sandy Jackson Irvine, Corps of Engineers. John Cocke, Cavalry. Stanley Eric Reinhart, Field Artillery. ·william Henry Menges, Finance Department. Notley Young DuHamel, Corps of Engineers. Ronald Earle Fisher, Cavalry. Wilburn Henry Henderson, Corps of Engineer • Thomas " rat on Brown, Infantry. Robert George Guyer, Corps of Engineers. Oti Robert Cole, Infantry. Dean Hudnutt, Field Artillery. hnrle ~ Emery Hathaway, Cavalry. Louis Emerson Hibbs, Field Artillery. .To . eph Victor Kuznik, Cavalry. Robert Allen Sharrer, Corps of Engineer . Edward Raymond Coppock, Cavalry. Ludson Dixon \Vorsham, Corps of Engineer . Shelby Carl Leasure, Infantry. Edward Goring Bliss, Corps of Engineer . Peter John Hennessey, Cavalry, Horace Logan McBride, Field Artillery. Kenyon Ashe Joyce, Cavalry. Ralph Gillett Barrows, Corps of Engineers. Franci Joseph Behr, Coast Artillery Corps. Holland Luley Robb, Corp of Engineers. Fred Hays Turner, Infantry. Hamilton Ewing Maguire, Field Artillery. _,.. Howard Carlyle Tatum, Cavalry. Ray Corrigan Rutherford, Field Artillery. Arthur George Fisher, Cavalry. Frederick Walker Bonfils, Corps of Engineers . .John Pope McAdams, Infantry. Robert Ree. e Neyland, jr., Corps of Engineers. Thoma Hood Cunningham, Cavalry. William l\:Iorris Hoge, jr., Corps of Engineers. John Robert Musgrave, Coast Artillery Corp ~ . William Roscoe Woodward, Field Artillery. Ralph Middleton Parker, Ca\alry. Stanley Lonzo Scott, Corps of Engineer.. Pat l\1. Stevens, Infantry. Tattnall Daniell Simkins, Corps of Engineers. Henry Hossfeld, Infantry. Henry Crampton Jones, Field Artillery. Isaac Samuel Martin, Cavalry. Leslie Thomas Saul, Infantry. Channing Edmonds Delaplane, Infantry. Carl Lee Marriott, Coast Artillery Corps. Laurance Oldham Mathews, Quarterma .. ter Con1 . .James Arthur Pickering, Field Artillery. George R. Somerville, Cavalry. James Knox Cockrell, Cavalry. Seth '"Villiam Cook, Air Service. Hugh Allen Uamsey, Coast Artillery Corp.·. ::\lilton Garfield Holliday, Quartermaster Corp<- , William Spence, Field Artillery. Robert Rogers Love, Cavalry. .John White Rafferty, Field Artillery. Thorne Sh·ayer, Infantry. Willis :McDonald Chapin, Coast Artillery Corps. Franci Buck Eastman, Infantry. Fred Beeler Inglis, Field Artillery. Robert Gaither Caldwell, Infantry. Robert Bruce McBride, jr., Field Artillery. Hugh Almer Parker, Infantry. Paul Vincent Kane, Field Artillery. Charles "·esley Tillotson, Infantry. De Rosey Cabell, jr., Ordnance Department. Will Dunbar Wills, Infantry. Ralph Irvine Sa se, Cavalry. Ira Au tin Smith, Infantry. \Villiam Ewen Shipp, Cavalry. \\illiam James Davis, Infantry. Carl Smith Doney, Coast Artillery Corps. John Fleming Clapham, Infantry. William Hieatt Cureton, Fielcl Artillery. To be majors. Fay Brink Prickett, Field Artillery. I~ugene Owen Hopkin , Finance Department. CalYin DeWitt, jr., Cavalry. Elmer Ell worth Lockard, Finance Department. .Tames )Iitchell Crane, Field Artillery. Dana Wood. Morey, Finance Department. Lucien Samuel Spicet· Berry, Cavalry. Selden Brooke A1·mat, Finance Department. Vietor William Beck Wales, 'avalry. George Zinn Eckel , Finance Department. William Earl Chambers, Infantry. .Jerome lark, Finance Department. Joseph Merit Tully, Cavalry. Louis ::\Ialoney Thibadeau, Finance Department. James de Barth Walbach, Coast Artillery ~orps . . Frank B. helly, Finance Department. Warner William Carr, Infantry. Clarence Maynard Exley, Finance Department. Hugh ::'!litchell, Signal Corps. Otto Willlelm Gralund, Finance Department. Robert LeGrow Walsh, Air Service. Horace Grattan Foster, Finance Department. Itichard :;.\lar Levy, Coast Artillery Corps. .TamE'S ~racKay , Finance Department. Thomas Lyle Martin, Infantry. 'rhoma · Rcott Pugh, Finance Department. Geoffrey Prescott Baldwin, Infantry. .'tepllen no coe Beard, Finance Department. John Bennington Bennet, Infantry. George Xicoll Watson, Finance Department. Clarence Scott Maulsby, Cavalry. Guy Ru::: ell Doane, Finance Department. Kenneth ~facomb Halpine, Infantry. J~mmet •rawford ~lorton, Finance Department. George Sidney Andrew, Cavalry. Harold George Salmon, Finance Department. Roland Paget Shngg, Field Artillery. Ed Xorment Enders, Finance Department. To be ca,]Jtains. _-\..rehie Henry Willis, Finance Department. Ji~tlwanl Titrm Comegys, Finance Department. Hugh Whitt, Quartermaster Corp . Harri.·on WHlard Smith, Quartermaster Corp . Edward Haywaru Raymond, Corps of Engineer . Horace rant Rice, Finance Department. Charles Frederick Wilson, Quartermaster Corp.... Charle.· Rus. ell In ley, Quartermaster Corps. Fred William Ctisp, Coast Artillery Corp.. Erne t Palmer Hoff, Finance Department. Ray Aloysious Dunn, Air Service. Wilhelm P. A. '.r. YOn Hartung, Finance Department. Irwin Wilson Guth, Quartermaster orps. ~rontgornery Taft Legg, Finance Department. Crawford 1\lcl\lann Kellogg, Chemical \\'arfare Service. .Tame-· A. a ::\Iarmon, Finance Department. William Frank Johnson, Infantry . \\.,. alter DaYis Dabney, Finance Department. Frank Denni on Wheeler, QuartermDster Corps. Percy Gabriel Hoyt, Finance Depa,rtment. Herbert Allen- Gardner, Quarterma ter Corps. William Jame Lisle, Finance Department Fred Piace, Air Service. William Alexander l\lac...~icholl, Finance Department. Albert Lobitz, Quartermaster Corp . Ca rl Halla, Finance Department. Bi1·nie Lee Brunson, Finance Department. Chat·le Franklin Eddy, Finance Department. Simon Jacob. on, Quartermaster Corp . William )!aynard Dixon, Finance Department. Edward William Lachmiller, Quarterma ter orps. Ricl1ard LeRoy Cave, Finance Department. Talmage Phillips, Quartermaster Corp. . _-\lfrf'u .James .Maxwell, Finance Department. John Paul Tillman, Quartermaster Corps. Ona Earl Beezley, Finance Department. George ·wilbur McEntire, Air Service. Frank Elmer Parker, Finance Department. John Newport Greene, Cavalry. Edwin Fairbrother Ely, Finance Department. Frank ~t\.rthur Mertz, Quarterma ter Corp.J. lta;\·rnond George Moses, Corps of Engineer. . William l\icKee Dunn, Field Artillery. Wilh lm Delp • tyer, o~p of Engineers. A. a Jeremial1 Etheri,Jge, :\ir Service. [921.. CONGRESSIONAL :;REGORD- :SEN ATE. 591 Earl Spiker Schofield, Air Service. Egbert Frank Bullene, ·Ca-valry. Henry James ·Conner, Quartermaster COJ~ps. 1\lark Gerald Brislawn, Infantry. Arthur Emel Simonin, Air Service. Carleton Burgess, Ca~alry. Frank O'Driscoll Hunter, Air Service. Arthur Eugene Fox, Field .Artillery. Royal Barton Libby, Ordnance Department. Robert Francis Kelley, InfaHtry. Harold Huston George, Air Sevvi Hobert Hayden .James, Field Artillery. Lee ,V. Haney, Infantry. Eleuterio Su~i Yanga, Philippine Scouts. Leon Crescencio Reyna, Ordnance Department. Donald Raymond 'Ve t, Quartermaster Corps. David William Goodrich, Air SerVice. Edward Lowry Traylor, Infantry. Franklin Mitchell, Infantry. Robert Thomas Randel, Infantry. George William White, Infantry. John Barry Peirce, Infantry. Arnold Hoyer Rich, Infantry.' Arthur Jennings Grimes, Infantry. Philip li'isber Robb, Field Artillery. Walter Duval Webb, jr., Field Artillery. \Villiam Hypes Obenour, Field Artillery. Ernest Starkey l\loon, Air Service. Wallace Ellswo'rth Niles; Infantry. Charles Emmett Cheever; Quarterml} ster Corps. Lewis Edward Weston Lepper, Field Artillery. Paul Gustav Wehle, Air Service. Edward Harris Barr, Field· Artmery. V~sper Anderson Schlenker, Field Artillery. 1\felecio Manuel Santos, PhiUppine Scouts. Harry l\leyer, Corps of Engineers. James Augustus 1Vhelen, j1;., CaYalry. Peter Anthony Feringa, Corps of Engineers. James Roscoe Hamilton, Infantry. John Ru sell Perkins, jr., Field AI·tillery. Joe Robert Sherr, Signal Corps. Warren Catlin Hamill, Infantry. Harold Goodspeede Laub, Coast AI·tillery Corps. Edward Barber, Coast A1·tillery Corps. Charles Dawson McAllister, Field Artillery. Edward Hall Walter, Corps of Engineers. Henry Chester Jones, Infantry. David Albed Morris, Corps of Engineers. Louis Simelson, Infantry. Percy Earle Le Stourgeon, Infantry. Ft·ank Weddall Simpson, Coast Artillery Corps. Juan Segundo l\loran, Philippine Scouts. Christopher William Duffy, Infantry. Paul Cone Par&1lley, Corps of Engineers. Lewis Wellington Call, jr., Coast Artillery Corps. Charles Irish Preston, Field Artillery. Richardson Selee, Corps of Engineers. Edward .Albert Banning, Infantry. Luis 1\Iobo Alba, Philippine Scouts. Keff Dobbs Barnett, Coast Artillery Corps. Don 'Yaters l\fayhue, Field Artillery. Louis Leopold Lesser, Field Artillery. Charles Harold Crim, Coast .Artillery Corps. Walter Francis Jennings, CaYalry. iohn Harry, Field Artillery. Edward Cuyler Applegate, Infantry. Harold Oakes Bixby, Coast Artillery Corps. Henry Louis Love, Field Artillery. John Bruce 1\Iedaris, Infantry. Fay 'Van·en Lee, Field Artillery. Ambrose Lawrence Kerrigan, Coast Artillery Corps. Stanley Lane ;Engle, Infantry. Charles Ernest McKelvey, Chemical Warfare Service. ,, Asa Vern 'Vilder, Coast Artillery Corps. Irvin Albert Robinson, Infantry. Clinton Velony St~vens, Field Artillery. George Randall Scithers. Field Artillery. - Lewis Eugene Snell, Field Artillery. John Hem·y Peather:·ton, Coast Artillery Corps. • Harold 'Arthur Doherty, Infantry. Paul l\lassillion McConi, Infantry. Cranford Coleman Bryan Warden, Infantry. Ralph Roth Wentz, Ordnance Department. William Dawes 'Villiams, Field Artillery. Daniel Webster Kent, Infantry. 'Villiam ~'homas Semmes Roberts, Infantry. Michael Henry Zwicker, Coast Artillery Corps. McDonald Donegan \Veinert, Infantry. Frederic deLannoy Comfort, Cavalry. John Walker Childs, Signal Corps. Charles Andrew ..Jones, jr., Chemical Warfare Service. Vincent Joseph Tanzalo, Infantry. Cecil Au. tin Br:yru:J, Infantry. Carl Emil Hansen, Coast Artillery Corps. 'Villiam Conrad Jones, Infantry. Chru·les Donald Clay, Infantry. George .Marion Davis, Infantry. Wilmar Weston Dewitt, Infantry. Hubert Stauffer 1\filler, Infantry. Carl Philip Dowell, Field Artillery. Edward Harold Coe, Infantry. Gerald Handley Fitzpatr!ck, Air Service. A1lan Eugene Smith, Field Artillery. James Milliken BeYens, Field Artillery. Daniel Burnett Knight, Infantry. Floyd Raymond Bri ack, Field AI·tillery. Paul l\1acKeen Martin, Cavalry. Clarence Everett Jack on, Infa~try. Creswell Garrettson Blakeney, Field Artillery. Edward Joseph Walsh, Infantry. Alfred Griffin Ashcroft, Ordnance Department. Chester Arthur Cal'lsten, Infantry. Louis Jeter Tatom, Signal Corps. James Thoma Dismuke, Infantry. George Wythe Bott, jr., Ordnance Department. Russell Harold· Swartzwelder, Infantry. Louis Watkins Prentiss, Field Artillery. Hayden Purcell Roberts, Field .Artillery. William Edmund Water;:', Field Artillery. Aaron Gray. on Dawson, Infantry. Joseph Kennard Bush, Infantry. Alan Sydney Rush, Infantry. Orlando Clarendon Mood, Infantry. Thomas Brown l\lam1e1, Infantry. John Oliver Kelly, Coast Artillery Corps. Clifford Cleophas Duell, Field Artillery. Bert Nathan Bryan, Infantry. Harry Lynch, Signal Corps. Harvie Rogers 1\fatthews, Infantry. Thomas Whitfield Ross, Infantry. Louis Beman Rapp, Cavalry. Lauren Blakely Hitchcock, Field Artillery. Caryl Rawson Hazeltine, Infantr~. . Thomas Archer Bottomley, Infantry. James Thorburn Cum'Qerpatch, Air Service. Thomas Williams Williamson, Infantry. Edwards l\fatthews Quigley, Field Artillery. William Orville Collins, Infantry. Kent Roberts Mullikin, Chemical w·arfare Service. Frank Thomas Honsinger, Air Service. James Breakenridge Clearwater, Field Artillery. Harry Craven Dayton, Field Artillery. Henry Laurance Ingham, Field Artillery. William Larwill Carr, Field Artillery. Joseph 'Van·en Huntress, Quartermaster Corps. Russell George Duff, Field Artillery. Luther Daniel Wallis, Infantry. Raphael Fred Rabold, Air Service. William Daniel Bradshaw, Field Artillery. Ross Clyde Brackney, Infantry. We ley Tate Guest, Signal Corps. Alfred Clement, jr., Air Service. Edward Charles Engelhardt, Field AI·tillery. John Randolph Reilly, Infantry. Duncan Philip Frissell, Infantry. Roy Prewett Huff, Field Artillery. James Baker Dickson, Air Service. Herbert John .Affleck, Infantry. Henry Hammond Duval, Coast Artillery Corps. Nicolas Boadilla Dalao, Philippine Scouts. Charles Edward Neagle, Coast AI·tillery Corps. Lawrence August Dietz., Infantry. Leon Valentine Chaplin, Field Artillery. Narcisco Lopez 1\Ianzano, Philippine Scouts. John William Dwyer, Coast Artillery Corps. Paul Hanes Kemmer, Air Service. Alfred Vepsala, Field AI·tillery. Elmo Shingle, Infantry. Samuel Howard Davis, Air Service. Richard Sears, Field Artillery. Joseph Myles Williams, Cavalry. William McKinley Tonkay, Field Artillery. Edmund C. Langmead, Air Service. William Windom Dixon, Field Artmery. Carroll Heiney Deitrick, Ordnance Department. Thomas Simons Garrett, Infantry. Burton Larrabee Pearce, Field Artillery. Haynor Garey, Field Artillery. Alan Dean Whittnker, _jr., Coast Artillery Corps. Nathan l\fenzo Neate, Yeterimu·y Corps. 1921. CONGRESSIONAL R-ECORD-SENATE. 593 To be second lieutenant. To be s1.wgeons. George Work )[arvin, Infantry. William E. Eaton. Arthur E. Beddoe. To be chaplain,. Jasper V. Howard. Thomas A. Fortescue. Ora JHson Cohee, with rank of captain. Joseph J. O'Malley. .James G. Omelvena. Robert F. Sheehan. Lester L. Pratt. Pno:ruoTroNs IN THE NAVY. Luther Sheldon, jr. Clarence C. Kress. Capt. Mark L. Bristol to be a rear admiral. Richard H. Laning. Chester 1\1. George. · Civil Engineer-Luther E. Gregory to be Chief of the Bureau Robert F. Jones. Edward E. Woodland. of Yards and Docks. . William .E. Findei en. John C. Parham. To be ca-ptain.s. Carroll R. Baker. Charles L. Beeching. Charles T. Owens. Edward T. Constien. Ovid C. Foote. John T. Borden. Herbert G. Sparrow. Claude C. Bloch. Louis H. Roddis. Howard Priest. Cyrus W. Cole. William S. Miller. James D. Bobbitt. Arthur E. Younie. To be commanders. Harvey R. McAllister. Frank H. Haigler. Harry E. Jenkins. 'Villiam H. Massey. David Lyons. Julian H. Collins. Stanley D. Hart. Jesse B. Helm. Byron McCandle s. John H. Towers. Robert G. Davis. George W. Cal •er. George C. Pegram. .Milo F. Draemel. William E. Eberle. John W. Wilcox, jr. Penlie B. Ledbetter. William B. Hetfield. Theodore G. Ellyson. Russell-Willson. To be an assistant surgeon. Frank J. Fletcher. Leigh Noyes. Robert E. Duncan. Walter F. Jacobs. Arthur L. Bristol, jr. John J. Hannigan. Alexander S. Wadsworth, jr. To be 11assed assistant slt·rgeons. Lawrence P. Treadwell. James S. Woods. Joseph H. Durrett. W. Ivan King. Aubrey K. Shoup. Lloyd W. Townsend. William C. Darwin. Joseph J. 1\Iundell. Walter A. Smead. John 1\I. Smeallie. William W. Behlow. Edward J. Cummings. Bruce L. Canaga. William P. Gaddis. Reuben A. Barker. Frederick Ludwig. Edgar G. Oberlin. Kenneth Whitlng. James E. Andrews. Houston R. Farley. Jonathan S. Dowell, jr. George B. Wright. August Anderson. Hardy V. Huo-hens. William 0. Spears. Henry l\1. Jensen. William A. Epstein. William H. cYConnor. Harry E. Shoemaker. George S. Bryan. Isaac B. Polak. Paul V. Greedy. John H. Newton. William L. Calhoun. . Ray E. A. Pomeroy. Albert Norris. William A. Glassford, jr. To be ensigns. John 1\I. Poole, 3d. Thomas Withers, jr. Ross S. Culp. Pierre L. Wilson. Nathan W. Bard. Wellington E. Stickley. Benjamin Dutton, jr. Leo F. Welch. Arthur F. Blasiar. Rhea S. Taylor. To be lieutenant commandet·s. Albert M. Darby. Webster M. Wright. Robert E. Mason. John C. Parker. Gerard Bradford. 1\lurphy J. Foster. George C. Miller. 1\larvin G. Fox. Mark L. Hersey, jr. Harold T. Smith. . Russell H. Quynn. Glenn 0. Twiss. Francis W. Scanland. Benjamin V. McCandlish. George L. Richard. Frank Leghorn. John J. Saxer. Arthur S. Dysart. ·warren K. Sherman. Dennis B. Boykin. Ward lN. Waddell. Edmund S. R. Brandt. Robert R. Paunack. Wallace L. Lind. To be de-nta~ sla·ueons. Hugh V. McCabe. Freeland A. Daubin. William N. Cogan. Lucian C. Williams. Claude S. Gillette. Charles E. Reordan. Joseph D. Halleck. James L. Brown. \Villiam C. Faus. Vii·gil J. Dixon. Leon Martin. Emory A. Bryant. Comfort B. Platt. 1\lark C. Bowman. John W. Crand&ll. Eugene H. Tennent. Paul H. Rice. Clifford E. Van Hook. ~farion E. Harrison. Harry E. Harvey. Franklin Van Valkenburgh. Charles l\1. Elder. Harry W. Blaisdell. Joseph A. Mahoney. Eugene l\1. Woodson. Walter E. Brown. Ernest W. Lacy. James L. Brown. Banjamin F. Tilley, jr. Harry. W. Hosford. Cornelius H. Mack. Percy W. Northcr{)ft. Millington B. ~fcComb. David H. Stuart. Melville S. Brown. To be passed assistant dental S1.trgeon.s. James B. Rutter. Stanley R. Canine. Robert S. 1\la.~well. Adolphus R. Gleitsman. William N. Richard on, jr. Henry B. Cecil. Arthur H. Yando. Carlton B. Morse. Charles M. Cooke, jr. Raymond G. Thomas. To be pay di1·ectors. Chester C. Jersey. Aquilla G. Dibrell. Charles Conrad. 'Varren L. 1\loore. Henry D. McGuire. Charles Morris. Hugh 1\I. Branham. William W. Smith. To be tJa.y inspef?tors. Josiah 0. Hoffman, jr. David I. Hedrick. Bernard 0. Wills. Olaf 1\I. Hustvedt. John Irwin, jr. William L. F. Simonpietri. James A. Logan. Earl A. Mcintyre. Thomas DeF. Harris. Felix R. Holt. James T. Alexander. Robert T. Young. John F. Hatch. Stewart E. Barber. Howard B. Berry. Stewart A. Manahan. Edward E. Goodhue. Howard D. Lamar. John H. Wellbrock. Herbert H. Bouson. William R. Bowne. Eugene H. Tricou. Lewis Hancock, jr. Cecil S. Baker. Frank T. Watrous. To be lieutenants. Donald W. Nesbit. Edwards S. Stalnaker. Fred W. Holt. Harold S. Klein. John R. Hornberger. David 'Rittenhouse. Ben D. McGee. George R. Crapo. George E. 1\laynard. Anson A. Bigelow. Robert B. Matthews. W"illiam W. Lamar. Leon W. Becker. To be paymaste1·. Clark Withers. Herbert W. Jackson. John D. Jones. Walter L. Taylor. Harry W. Rusk, jr. Julian B. Timberlake, jr. . Clement B. White. To be fJa .ssed as8istant p·aymasters. Thomas C. Slingluff. William D. Thomas. Jonathan H. Sprague. Robert L. 1\labon. Walter W. Gilmore. Jacob l\1. Bregar. Charles D. Kirk. To be lieutenants (jimior grade). Leonard Doughty, jr. Clement B. White. To be clviZ engineers 1.0i·th tlz e 1·ank of captain. George E. l\Ia:ynnl'd. \Villiam H. Mays. Reuben E. Bakenhus. Anson A. Bigelow. Thomas B. Fitzpatrick. Homer R. Stanford. Robert B. 1\ln tthews. 'Vincent Benedict. Leonard M. Cox. Walter L. Taylor. Victor F. Marinelli. To be chief boatswain. Fred l\I. Byers. Earle P. ~IeKellar. Floyd S. Crosley. Braxton Rhodes. George R. Grob. LXII- 38 594 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.. DECEl\fBER 20, To be .chief f}tW!ners. Axel P. Lofgren, Kat·lstad. George Bradley. Roger J. Swint. Walter Peltoniemi, New York 1\Iills. Norris L. Wilcomb. Curl W. J. Reinman. John A. Fridgen, Parkers Prairie~ Russell K. Young. Laura E. Cronan, Rose Creek. Albert H. Sugg, Zumbro Falls. To be chief machinist. Jesse J. Oettinger. :UISSISIIPPI. To be chief phanna.cists. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from ~linne . ota a ~ ks unani mous consent to take from the Speaker s table- t he bill 4810, TUESDAY, Decmnbm· ~0, 19131. disagree to the Senate amendment, and ask for a confer e nce~ The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The Clerk w:ill report the title. The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Montgomery, D. D., offered The Clerk read as follows : H. R. 4810. To authorize the incorporation of companies t o promote the following prayer : trade with China. Almighty God, Thou do t come to us in so many ways that are The SPEAKER. Is there objection? beyond our under:standing. :We make no challenge, but we There was no objection. accept them, and in all our work we would be true and unafraid. The Speaker appointed as conferees on the part of the House Thou art the Lord of all and the strength of our lives, infinitely 1\fr. VOLSTEAD, .1\fr. DYEB, and Mr. S-c-M!\""ERS of Te.xa . gracious, unutterably near, and wonderfully divine. 0 do Thou BETI\OR OF Sl:ITS AT LAW. ripen love and gratitude in us that we shall be worthier of all Thy bounties. Continue to inspire all nations with an in Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to pro vincible desire for peace. Cast down and consume the spirit ceed for one minute in reference to the enrolling of a bill that wrecks and destroys and lift the whole earth to the higb passed by the last Congress. plane of intelligence, law, and righteousness. Then indeed The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks shall we see the beginning. of the new heaven and the new unanimous consent to address the House for one minute. I' earth. In the name of the world's Savior. Amen. there objection? There was no objection. The Journal of the proceedings of yesterday wa read and ap Mr. 'VALSH . Mr. Speaker, la t session we pa. sed an act proved. amending one of the sections of the Revised Statutes with ref ISSUANCE OF CHECKS AND DRAFTS IK Dl TRICT OF COLUMBIA. erence to the re"Vi-vor of causes of action in cases on the death Mr. ZIHLMAN. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to of one of the parties. The bill was amended by the Senate take from the Speaker's table the bill S. 1033, insist on the and the House concurred in the Senate amendment. In the amendments of the House, ana agree to the conference asked enrollment of the bill, however, all of the language which the for. Senate amendment struck out was not omitted from the enrolled The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Maryland asks unani copy of the bill. The bill as signed by the President and which mous consent to take fTom the Speaker's table the bill which is now the law is, by reason of the inclusion of some language the Clerk will report. which the Senate struck out, contradictory in its term . r ask The Clerk read as follows : to have this bill repassed in order that it may conform j:o what ·s. 1033. An act regulating the issuance of checks, drafts, and orders was done by both branches of Congress, but which was vitiated for the payment of money within the District of Columbia. by the error in the enrollment. I ask unanimous consent for The SPEA.KER. Is there objection? the present consideration of the following joint re olution, Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Reserving the right to object, which I send to the desk. has the gentleman consulted with the minority member of the The Clerk read as follows : committee, and does he concur in the de irability of this mo Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 238) to amend an act entitled "An act to tion? amend section 955 of the Revised Statutes by extending the juris diction of courts in cases of revivor." 1\fr. ZffiL~fAN. Yes. Resolved, etc., That an act entitled "An act to amend section 93;) of The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the Revised Statutes by extending the jurisdiction of courts in cases There was no objection. of revivor," approved November 23, 1021 (public No. 104) , be amended The SPEAKER appointed as conferees on the part of the so as to read as follows : " SEC. 955. When either of .the parties, whether plaintiff or petitioner House Mr. FOCHT, ~Ir. ZIHLMAN, and Mr. WOODS of Virginia. or defendant, in any suit in any court of the United States dies before The SPEAKER laid before the House the following Senate final judgment, the executor or administrator of such deceased party resolution. may, in case the cause of action survives by law, prosecute or defend any such suit to final judgment. The defendant shall answer accord The Clerk read a follows : ingly, and the court shall hear and det~rmine the cause and render Senate resolution 196. judgment for or against the executor or administrator, as the case Resol1:ed, That the House of Representatives be, and hereby is, re may require. And if such executor or administrator, having been duly quested to return to the Senate the bill (S. 205) entitled "An act relat served with a scire facias from the office of the clerk of the court ing to the fiscal system of the District of Columbia, and for other where the suit is depending 20 days beforehand, neglects or refuses to purposes." become party to the suit, the court may render judgment against the estate of the deceased party in the same manner as if the executor or The SPEA.KER. Without objection, the Committee on the administrator had voluntarily made himself a party. The executor District of Columbia will be discharged from further considera or administrator who becomes a party as aforesaid shall, upon motion to the court, be entitled to a continuance of the suit until the next term tion of the bill, and the request of the Senate granted. of aid' court. There was no objection. " The provisions of this section shall apply to suits in equity and Mr. McKENZIE. :i\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to in admiralty as well as to suits at law, and the jurisdiction of all courts of the United States shall extend to and over executors and take from the Spenker's table Senate joint resolution 142 and administrators of any party, who dies before final judgment or decree, consider it. appointed under the laws of any Stat'e or Territory of the United The SPEAKER. .The gentleman from Illinois asks unani States, and such courts shall have jurisdiction within two years from the date of the death of the party to the suit to issue its scire facias mous consent to take from the Speaker's table the resolution to execu:tors and administrators appointed in any State or Territory which the Clerk will report. of the United States \Vhich may be served in any judicial district by The Clerk read as fono·ws : the marshal thereof: Provided, however, That no executor ot· admin istrator shall be made a party unless such service is made before final S. J. Res. 142. .An act to extend the time within which the special settlement and distribution of the estate of said deceased party to committee on the readjustment of the pay of the Army, Navy, Marine the suit. Corps, Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Survey, and Public Health " SEC. 2. That the provisions of section 955 of the Revised Statutes • ervice may make its report to Congress. of the United States as amended by this act shall apply to suits in The Clerk read the joint re olution, as follows : which any party has deceased prior to the passage of this amendatory ResoLt:ed, etc., That the special committee of the Senate and House act as well as to suits in which any party may die hereafter." of Representatives, appointed in accordance with the last proviso of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considera section 13 of the act entitled "An act to increase the efficiency of the Army. Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Coast and Geodetic Survey, tion of the joint resolution? and Public Health Service," approved :May 18, 1920, be, and it is Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, re erving the hereby authorized to make t he report required in said section not later right to object, I understand that the act in which the error than the fir t :Monday in March, 1922, notwithstandin~ that the said was made was passed just before the recess in the last session act requires the report to be made on or before the first Monday in January, 1922. of the Congress. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. 'VALSH. It was approved on the day the recess was 1\fr. GARRETT of Tenne-·see. Let me ask the gentleman is taken. It was one of the last acts which the President signed. this a concurrent or a joint resolution? Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Can the gentleman state. to us it l\lr. l\lcKE:NZIE. .:c\ joint resolution. how it passed the House? Was on the Unanimous Consent The SPEAKER. I · there objection? Calendar or did it pass on Calendar Wednesday? How did it There was no objection. come up for consideration? The resolution was ordered to a third reading, was read the Mr. WALSH. As I recall, it came up on the Unanimous Con third time, and pus. ed. sent Calendar. There was quite a little discussion upon the matter. The gentleman from Oregon participated and I think PROMOTIOK OF TRADE WITH CHIX A. the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Jo~"'Es] and one or two others. Mr. VOLSTEAD. :.\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to The bill passed as it was reported by the Committee on the take from the Speaker's table the bill H. R. 4810, disagree to J udiciary. It went to the Senate and was amended by the the Senate amendment, and ask for a -conference. Senate strilring -out some language which was included in the 596 CONGRESSIONAL ~ R.ECORD-HOUSE. DECE1\1BER 20, bill as it pa sell the House and by inserting: a few w·ords in 1\Ir. IRELAND. 1\Ir. Vandenort sen-ed for·two months prior lieu thereof. When it carne back to the House the Senate to the time he was appointed Assistant Pension Commissioner, amendment was concurred in. and this is to coYer that period on a pro rata basis. Mr. GA..RRETT of Tennessee. And the enrolling clerk in The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed to. cluded in the em·ollment some of the- words that were in fact SUllSTITtJTE TELEFHONE OPERATORS. stricken out by the Senate? Ir. WALSH. Yes; that is the only difference. l\lr. IRELA.J\TD. Mr. Speaker, I offer another privileged reso· Mr. WINGO. 1\lr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, will lution. the gentleman state just what the error was? The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the r esolution. 1\lr. WALSH. In the first paragraph which the Cler k read is The Clerk Tead as follows : the present law. The second paragraph,• which begins with House r esolution 240. Resolved, That there shall be paid, out of the contingent fund of the " The provisions of the section shall apply to suits in equity and House, compensatiorr at the rate of $3 per diem each for the services ot causes in admiralty as well as actions in law," is the amenda two substitute telephone operators during the present session. tory ..;ection, and the language left in was the words-" in which 1\f.r. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the the action is pending," which refer red to the courts· of the resolution. · United States or the Territory of the United States-suits at The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed to. law in courts in which the action is pending. It makes- the til' t part of that paragraph contradictory when compared with MAnY H~ YORKS. the latter part of the second paragraph. 1\lr. IRELAND. I offer the following privileged resolution. l\Ir. WINGO. I do not quite catch that. The gentleman has The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution. given one phrase. Will he kindly gi\e the phrase that was left The Clerk read as follows: in which contradicts it'? House resolution 239. l\Ir. \VALSH. The words left in, as· I recall it, were "in Resolved, That the Clerk of the House of Representatives be directed which the action is pending." Then it goes on to say "and to pay, out of the contingent fund of the House, to. Mary H. Yorks, widow of B. C. Yorks, late employee in the House post office, a· sum such courts shall have jurisdiction within two years from the equal to six months' salary as employee in the House post office, and date of the death of the party to the suit to issue its scire facias thnt. the Clerk be further directed to J2UY, out of the contingent fund, to executors and administrators appointed in any State or Ter the expenses of the last illness and funeral of said B. C. Yorks, such ritory of the United.States," and so forth, whereas· the first part expenses not to exceed $250. refers· to a court of any State or Territory in which the action Mr. IDCKS. Will the gentleman yield? is-pending. Mr. IRELAND. I will. 1\Ir. KING. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object; I . am 1\Ir. HICKS. Is that the customary·payment? wondering-by what authority-we could' pass-:an act by which a Mr. IRELAND. Yes, sir. court might render judgment against· an executor. The question· was· taken,. and· the resolution was agreed to. lUr: WALSH. It. does. not. render its judgment until the ex L. D. ARNOLD A.ND LENORE· HUGHES. ecutor is really a party to the action by the service. of this 'Wlit. Mr. IRELAND. 1\Ir. Speaker, I · offer' the following privileged Mr. KING. Is it not universally understood· that you, can resolution: not render. a judgment against an executor? The SPEAKER~ The Clerk will report the resolution~ Mr. WALSH. You can not unless' he· is· made a party. The Clerk read as follows: l\1r. KING. Even when he is"made a ·party?· House resolution 243. 1\fr. WALSH. Oh, no. A suit is brought· agairrst the estate Resolved, That the Clerk o! the House of Representatives be, and be and of course the· executor· is the representative of. the estate. is hereby, authorized and directed to pay, out of the contingent fund of the House, to L. D. Arnold the sum of $186.67, and to Lenore Hughes The SPEAKER. Is there objection to·the present· considera the sum of $120, being · tbe amount received by them per month as tion of the joint resolution. clerks to tbe late Hon: HE!-.TRY D. FLOOD at the time of his death, De. There was·Jm objection. cember· r 8, 1921. T.he SPEAKER. The question is on: the engrossment and 1\Ir. IRELAND. I move the adoption of the resolution. third reading of the joint resolution~ The question was taken, and the resolution was agreed to. The joint resolutio was ordered to be-engrossed and read a ARTHlJR LUCAS. third time, was read the third time; and passed. M'r. Mr. I On motion of.l\Ir: 'VALSH, a motion to. reconsider the vote by IRELAND. Speaker, offer the following privilegeJ whicjl the joint resolution was passed was ordered to lie on the resolution~ table. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the resolution. EXTENSION OF REMA.RKS. The Clerk read as·follows--: House resolution 220. 1\fr.. I to l\lr. ROUSE. Speaker, ask·· unanimous consent ex;; Resolved, That the Clerk of i:he House of Representatives be, and he tend my remarks on the bill H. R. 8441 relating to special is hereby, authorized and directed to pay, out of the contingent fund· of deliwry of mail matter. the House, $80 to Arthur Lucas for special janitor services rendere1 The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky asks unani during the first sessiorr ot the Sixty-seventh Congress. mous consent to extend· his remarks-in the RECORD in the man 1\Ir. IRELAND. I move the adoption of the resolution. ner stated. Is thet·e objection? The question was taken, and the resolution was· agreed to. Tl1ere wa. no objection. ADDITIONAL: ROOMS. NORMAN E. IVES. 1\Ir. IRELAND. Mr. Speaker, I offter the following pyivilegell Mr. IREL.A.ND. .i\Ir. Speaker, I present the following privi resolution. leged report from the Committee on ACC9Uilts; which I send to The 8-PEAKER. The Clerk will report. the resolution~ the desk and ask to have read. The Clerk read as follows: The Clerk read as follows: House resolution 247. House. resolution 230. Resolv ed, That the Committee on Appropriations is hereby assigned R es olve d, That there be paid out ot the contingent fund of the House as an additional room the room on the· basement ftoor, House wing of $700 to Norman JlL Ives i'or extra and: exp-ert services- i:o the Committee the Capitol, now occupied by the chief bill clerk and assistants; thnt on Invalid Pensions from May 6, 1921, to the end of the first sess.ion the journal clerk, tally clerk, chief bill clerk, and their respective of t he Sixty-seventh Congress, as assistant clerk to said committee by assistants. and such other-employees of the Clerk's office as may therein detail from the Bureau of Pensions, pursuant to law. be accommodated are hereby assigned to the rooms occupied by l.hc House L. ibrary ou the gallery floor, House wing of the Capitol; that the l\Ir. illEL... ~.. ~-p. 1\fr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the contents of the House Library be removed to such available spa.ce in tile resolution. House O.fllce Building as may be selected by the· House Office Building The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the resolu Commission; and that the Architect of the Capitol and the Clerk of the House, under the direction and with the approval ot the Committee tion. on Accounts, are hereby directed to make ready such rooms for oc The resolution was agreed to. cupancy for the several purposes indicated, the expense thereof to be paid out of the contingent fund of the House. H. Af. VA.NDERVOR"l'. Mr. IRELAND. 1\Ir. Speake-r and gentlemen of the 'House, Mr. IRELA..ND. Mr. Speaker, I also present the following this offers the happiest solution we have been able to :find after resolution which I send to the desk. a rather extended consideration of the subject of the present The Clerk read as follows : congested condition of the Capitol as to rooms for committees House resolution 231. and Members. This removes the present library under au R esol1:ed, That there be paid out oi the contingent fund of the House thority in the resolution to the House Office Building, where it $'200 t o H. 1\I. Vandervort for extra and · expert· services to the Co111: mittee on Invalid Pensions from March o, 1921,. to· May 5, 1921, as w.ill probably serve the conyenience of Members to betteJ.' ad assistant clerk to said committee by detail from the Bureau of Pensions. vantage than where it is at present located. It contemplates Pllrsuant to law. the removal of the clerks to committees and employees specified 1921. 00N.GRESSIO·l AL RECORD-HOUSE. 597 therein, after some slight remodeling, to the space now occu Mr. IRELAND. Yes. The Committee on Appropriations has pied by the library ; it gives the present room OCCU];Iied on the been in need of additional rooms for subcommittees. The Com main floor by those clerk~ to the Committee. on Appropriations, mittee on the Post Office and Post Roads, which could be re and it is the only room available that will seat thenr arrd have moved. to other quarters without action of the House, has been sufficient space for the committee, as it has- been"enlarged. This removed to the House Office B'uilding aud has been provlded question :bas been gone over very- carefully, and' it has beea the with adequate quru:i;eJ:s there~ The Committee on Appropria- 'endeavor not to disturb any more than was absolntely necessary tions has those two rooms for additional subcommittee rooms, the present assignment at committees in the Capitol. We can in addition to what they already had, and I think this will find less objection to do tliis than any other possible way to suffice for the present. accommodate the Appropriation~ Committee in their work-- Mr. BARKLEY. As to this library, it strikes me that the Mr. CARTER. Will the gentleman yield? resources of the-library are apt. to be more useful to the 1\Iem 1\Ir. IRELAND. I will. bers of the Honse_when the House is in session than during the :Mr. CARTER. Is the room which is to be given to the Com morning hours when the. M'embers are in. their offices. If we mittee on Appropriations the old room of the Committee on remove the library over there, would it not be practically im Indian Affairs? possible to- get books back and forth. to the floor of the Rouse 1\Ir. IRELAND. Yes, sir. on. the spur of the moment( Mr. ASWELL. What is the approximate cost of the repairs? :Mr. IRELAND. Investigation and inquiry have sho·wn that Mr. IRELAND. That is rather diffi-cult- to determine. It the House library is very little used nowadays by. the Members. might run in the neighborhood of $20,000 for the removal of The.re are days when no- one ente~:s it at all, as I under.Stand. the library. It is quite a large job, the preparation of that It is thought that we can.. provide needed facilities in the little room, but there will be no other expense we can contemplate library off the floor of the House, where neede . 598 CONGRESSION .A.L RECORD-HOUSE. DJ~cE~IBEn 20 - ' Mr. MANN. Does this also include the room recently as Mr. IRELAND. The gentleman inspected his quartet·s, and signed to the Journal clerk? I understood he was satisfied with them. Mr. ffiELAND. No; it does not. They will be removed Mr. STEENERSON. It was all in one room. from there, such members of the force as a1·e there at present. Mr. IRELAND. The gentleman knew the size of it. Mr. 1\fAJ\TN. Has it been indicated to my colleague that the Mr. STEENERSON. I sent the boys over there to see it. Committee on Appropriations will be satisfied to occupy that Mr. IRELAND. Did not the gentleman see it himself? large room down there? Mr. STEENERSON. I did not measure the table, and no-.,v I Mr. IRELAND. Yes. That is the preference of the chair find the table would not fit if it was divided into three rooms. man. It has been my thought that the Committee on Appro Mr. IRELAND. Well, we -will provide the gentleman with a priations, meeting as a whole not so very often, did not need tape measure. [Laughter.] ~ the ventilation and light and healthful conditions, because they Mr. ASWELL. Has the gentleman's committee considered would not remain in session very long, whereas the bill clerks th.e proposition of turning over this Hall of the House to the and the Journal clerks that are there all the time did need it. Post Office Committee and finding some other place for tllc Mr. MANN. Well, the Speaker some time ago very consider House to assemble? [Laughter.] ately and very properly assigned the room that Gen. Sherwood 1\:f.r. IRELAND. In good weather we might go out on the used to have, down below, to the Journal clerks and tally Plaza. clerks, because that room was killing off the boys down there. Mr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the resolution. Of course, I do not know what the Committee on Appropria The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the resolution. tions are going to do with it, but I have no doubt they will be The question being taken, on a d.i\'ision (demanded by l\lr. able to take care of themselves. I anr not worrying about that. WINGo) there were-ayes 79, noes 39. Mr. IRELAND. Very probably. Mr. 'VINGO. I object to the vote on the grotrnu that !.here is Mr. MANN. Now, has anybody any idea at all where the no quorum present. library is to go in the House Office Building? The SPEAKER. Tile geutleman from Arkausas makes the Mr. IRELAND. Not definitely; no. But there is available point that there is no quorum present. Tile Chair ,..,.m count. space there that can be accommodated to the use of the library. Mr. ·wiNGO. Mr. Speaker, I withdraw the point for the Mr. MANN. I agree with the gentleman that there is no use present. in maintaining this library upstairs where it is. If anybody The SPEAKER. The ayes llaYe it, an I· the partition that is now there and make the room occupied SENATE COXCURRE~T Bl!:SOLUTIO~ m~FEI:Ri':D. by the chairman smaller in order to give room for the com mittee. Instead of getting three rooms, I got two rooms. They Under clause 2, Rule L~IV, the following Senate coucurrent are, however, nice, airy light rooms. If I had three rooms resolution was taken from the Speaker's table and ref rrcd to so that the clerks could work while the committee is in ses its appropriate committee as indicated below: sion, that would be what I expected. Senate concurrent resolution 17. 1\fr. RAYBURN. l\1r. Speaker, I object to the gentleman Resoli/ed by the Senate (tl!e House of Rep,·escutati,;es conourri11!J). speaking in so .low a tone of >oice that nobody can Lear what That there be printed 3,500 copies of the hearings before tbe Com mittee on Finance of the Senate on the bill (H. n. 7456) to provide he says. He has been talking quite a while about some room reTenue, to regulate commerce with foreign countries, to encourage thl' over in the House Office Building, but nobody here has heard a industries of the united States, and for other pm·poses, revised and word that he said. indexed, of which 2,000 copies shall be printed as separates by schedules (including not to exceed three supplemental volumes), l,OOO Mr. STEENERSON. I can not hear what tile gentleman copies for the usc of the Committee on Finance of the Senate an(} 1,000 from Texas says. I am simply calling attention to the fact copies for the use of the Committee on Ways and Means of the House that I can not let the remark go unchallenged that the gentle of Representatives, and the t·emaining 1,500 copies shall be held fOL' compilation by volume of which 500 copies shall be for the usc of man from illinois [Mr. IRELAND] has made, when he said that the Senate document room and 1,000 copies for the. use of the House they have provided ample quarters for the Post Office Com document room:. Pt·ovided) That the compiled edition onlr shall be mittee; because I under tood I would have space for three printed as a Senate document- rooms, nnd I find that the space i · only sufficient for two. to the Committee on Printing. 1~21. OONGRESSION ---~L -R.ECORD-HOUSE. 599 PRINTING OF SE::s-:ATE TARIFF HEAlUNGS. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Wisconsin asks unani )lr. KIESS. M.r. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to take mous consent for the present consideration of House joint reso from the Speaker's table Senate concurrent resolution No. 17. lution, which the Cierk will report. The "SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania asks to The Clerk -read as follows: take from the Speaker's table a Senate concurrent resolution, House joint resolution 233 providing for the postponement of the which the Clerk will report. World's Dairy Congress. Whereas the Secretary of State in his letter of November 22, 1D21, .to The Clerk read as follows: the President indicates the inability of the World's Dairy Congress llesol~;ecl by the Senate (the House ot Rep1·esentat·ives cotiCU·1Ting), Association to make necessary preparations for the holding of the That there be printed 3,500 copies of the bearings before the Com World's Dairy Congress in the year 1922, as authorized by the act mittee on Finance of the Senate on the bill (H. R. 7456) to provide approved March 3, 1921, making appropriations for the Department revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign countries, to encourage the of Agriculture, · and suggests that the said World's Dairy Congregs industries of the United States, and for other purposes, revised and be postponed until 1923 ; and indexed, of which 2,000 copies shall be printed as separate volumes Whereas the President in his letter, dated November 23, 1921, to the by schedules, including not to exceed three supplemental volumes, 1,000 Senate and Bouse of Representatives, recommends the postponement copies for the use of the Committee on Finance of the Senate and of said World's Dairy Congress in accordance with the suggestions of 1,000 copies for the use of the Committee on Ways and Means of the the Secretary of State: Therefore be it House of Representatives, and the remaining 1,500 copies shall be held Resolved, etc., That the World's Dairy Congress authorized by the act for compilation by volume, of which 500 copies shall be for the use approved March 3, 1921, making appropriations for the Department of of the Senate document room and 1,000 copies for the use o:f the House Agriculture be postponed from 1922 to 1923. document room : Provided, That the compiled edition shall only be printed as n Senate document. With the following committee amendment: Strike out the preamble and all after the enacting clause and insurt The SPEAKER. Is there objection? the following : Mr. '\VALSH. Reserving the right to object, it seems to me "'!'hat the authority granted by the act entitled "An act mnk.in,g that the number to be printed will be rather small for Members appropriations for the Department of Agriculture for the fiscal >ear who will have reque ts for these hearings upon this important ending June 30, 1922, approved March 3, 1921, to the President to ex tend invitations to foreign Governments to be presented by delegates piece of legislation. in a ·world's Dairy Congress to be held in the United States in l!J22 is .:\lr. KIESS. Mr. Speaker, the number does not seem large, hereby modified so as to authorize the extending of such invitations but it was thought that we could get through with this number, for such congress to be held in 1923." and I have been advised that this is the minimum number that l\Ir. BROWNE of Wisconsin. 1\lr. Speaker, as an explanation should be printed. The cost of the printing of these hearings of this resolution I will say that in the last agricultural appro will be considerable. I can not give you the figures, because priation bill of November 21, 1921, provision was made for a this resolution was passed in the Senate to-day and messaged world's dairy congress. This was .done at the request of the over here with the idea of having the House ·pass it promptly dairy associations all over the United States, and it was to be so that the hearings could be printed and be used by the mem of no expense to the United States Government. They have bers of the Finance Committee and the members of the Ways found, on account of the reconstruction in different countries, and 1\leans Committee during the recess. that they can not prepare for the congress in 19-221 and this i-s You will note that the resolution provides that 1,000 copies simply to extend the time until 1923. are to be printed for the use of the Ways and 1\Ieans Committee The SPEAKER. Is there objection? and 1,000 copies for the F'inance Committee of the Senate, 1,000 Mr. WINGO. Reserving the rigbt to object, where are they copies to be sent to the House document room and 500 copies to going to hold it? the Senate document room. Mr. Speaker, I mo\e the adoption Mr. 'BROWNE of Wisconsin. In Washington. of the resolution. Mr. WINGO. It has no connection with the League of Na The SPEAKER. Is there objection? tions? [Laughter.] ~Ir. WALSH. Reserving the right to object, I do not think Mr. BROWNE of \Visconsin. No; it is nothing except·a dairy we ought to print an edition which there is no question will be congress. insufficient. I think the Committee on Printing ought to give The SPEAKER. Is there objection.? it further consideration. It only came over from the Senate There was no objection. to-day. I think rather than to have to come in again with an 1\lr. .MANN. 1\fr. Speaker, I move to amend the committee other resolution for additional printiri.g the Committee on Print amendment by striking out. page 2, line -10, the word " pre ing might well give ·it further consideration and see whether we sented" and insert in lieu thereof the word "represented." can not get a larger number. The amendment to the committee amendment was agreed to. 1\lr. 1\IANN. 'Viii the gentleman yield? The ·committee amendment was agreed to. Mr. \V ALSH. 'Yes. The bill as amended was ordered to be engrossed and read a lUr. MANN. Would not it be quite practicable, if these hear third time, was read the third time, and :passed. ings are printed in plate form, and if it is found that they are On motion of Mr. BROWNE of Wisconsin, a motion to Tecon valuable for people outside of Congress, to order a reprint with sider the vote whereby the bill was passed was laid on the table. out any additional expense. •Only a small number of these are to be bound-1,500 out of the 3,500. CHANGE OF REFERENCE. l\fr. KIESS. That is true, and it will be possible to order a The . SPEAKER. The Chair yesterday -referred to the Com reprint, as ·the plates will not be destroyed. mittee on Military Affairs a bill for the creation of an American 1\lr. :MANN. The plates will be there if there is a demand memorial highway commission. The Chair thinks that he was for a greater number. mistaken, that it should go to the Committee on 'Foreign Affairs, Mr. KIESS. The purpose of the ·resolution was to ·get the and without objection the Chair will make that reference. 1,000 copies for the Finance Committee of the Senate and the There was no objection. Committee on Ways and Means of the House quickly. M:r. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I make the point Mr. 1.\IANN. I think the Ways ~nd :Means Committee ought of order that no quorum is ·present. to have them, but I want to expedite in any. possible way that I The SPEAKER. .The gentleman from Tennessee makes the can the action of the Senate. point of order that no quorum is present, and it is evident that Mr. WALSH. Nobody expects that the printing-of these docu there is no quorum present. ments in this way is going to expedite any action at the point Mr. l\lONDETIL. :Mr. Speaker, I move a call of the House. where the gentleman from Illinois expresses a wish for .action. The motion was agreed to. Mr. Speaker, at present, I object. The Clerk called the roll and the following Members failed to SEN ATE BILLS REFERRED. answ-er to their names : Ackerman .Brooks, Ill. Connell Freeman Under clause 2, Rule XXIV, Senate bills of the following .Almon Brooks, Pa. Connolly, Pu. French titles were taken from the Speaker's .table and Teferred to their Anthony :Brown, Tenn. Coughlin Funk appropriate committees, as indicated below: Appleby Bulwinkle Crago Gahn Atkeson Burke Cullen Gallivan 8.1856. An act to reimburse Horace :A. Ohoumard, ·chaplain Bacharacb ;Burtness Davis, Tenn. Garner in the Twenty-'third Infantry, for loss of certain personal ·prop Barbour Byrnes, S. C. Deal Gilbert erty; to the Committee on Claims. 'Beedy Campbell, Pa. Denison 'Goldsborough Bell Carew Dominick ·Gorman 8.1535. An act for the relief of the-estate of Catherine Locke, Benham Chandler, N. Y. Drane Gould deceased; to the Committee on Claim . Bixler Christopherson Dunn Griest S. 136. An act for the relief of Dr. ·0. H. Tittmann, former Bland, Ind. Clague Edmonds Griffin Blanton Clark, Fla. Faxrot Hardy, Tex. superintendent of the 'United States Ooa .t and Geodetic Survey; Bond Clarke,~. Y. Fenn IIurrison to the Committee on Reform in the Civil Seniee. Bowers Classon Fess Haugen Bowling Coda Fieltls Hawes WORLD'S D'AIRY GO'XGRESS. .Brand Cole, Iowa Fish Hayden Mr. BROWNE of Wisconsin. 11r. ·, peaker, 'I a:sk unanimous Brennan Collier Fisher ~ Hays ·Brinson ·Collins Focht Hooker consent for the present ... onsideration of E. J'. Res. 233. Britten Connally, Tex. Free Houghton 600 CONGRESSIOX AL RECORD-HOUSE. DE El\IBER ·20, Hud ' P th McDuffie Petersen Statfot·d NOT ,.OTIXG-216. Hull McFadden Pou Stedman Ackerman li'enn Lineberger Riddick Humphreys McLaughlin, Nebr.Pringey Stevenson Almon Ifess Linthicum Riordan .Jefferis, Xe!Jr. Maloney Pu~nell Stiness Appleby Field. Logan Roach .Jeffers. Ala. Mansfield Ramey, Ala. Sullivan Atke on Fish Longworth Rodenberg Johnson, Miss. Mead Rainey, Ill. Summers, Wash. Bachara h Fisher Luhring Rosenbloom Johnson, S. Dak. Merritt Raker Swing Barbour Focht McArthm· Rossclale Kahn Michaelson Ransley Tague Beedy Free McClintic ·Rou ·e Kearn. Michener Reavis Taylor, Ark, Benham Freeman McDuffie Rucker Kennedy Mills Reber Taylor, Colo. Bixler French McFadden Ryan I'inclleloe Montagne Rhodes '.Caylor, N.J. Bland. Ind. Funk McSwain Sabath KiDdt·ed Moore, Ill. Riddick Thomas Blautou Galln Madden Sanders, Ind. Kitchin Moores, Ind. Riordan Tinkham Rond Gallivan Maloney , 'ander , Tex. Knight Mudd Roach _Tyson Bowen; Garner Mansfield Sears Knut ou Newton, Mo. Rodenberg Underllill Bowling Gilbert Mead , 'haw Kreider Nolan Rosenbloom Vestal Brand Goldsbot·ough Merritt Shreve Kunz Norton Rossdale Walters Brennan Gorman Michael on Sisson Langley O'Bt·ien Rouse Ward, N.Y. BriD on Gould l\Jichener Slemp Lawrenc O'Connor Rucker Ward, N.C. . Britten Greene, Yt. Mills 'mithwiclc J,ayton Oldfield Ryan Webster Brooks, Ill. llamm r Montague Snell Leu, Calli. Olpp Saoatll Williams Brooks Pa. Hardy, Tex. Moore, Ill. Snyder Lea tberwood Osborne Sanders, Ind. Wood, Ind. Brown. Tenn. Haugen Moore, Ya. StaO:ot·d Lee, N. Y. Padgett Sanders, Tex. Woodruff B'uchanan Hawe · Morin ~teagall Lehlbach Paige Sear Woods, \'a, llurkc Hayden Mud l\lt·. GARRETT of Tenne see. Mr. Speaker, I ask for a divi Reavis Sandet·s, Tex. Stiuess Underbill Reber Sears Sullivan Yes tal sion. Well, to save time, l\lr. Speaker, I will ask for the yeas Rhodes Shaw Summer , WasiL Walters and nays. . Riddick Shreve Swing Ward, N.Y. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee Riordan Sisson Tague Ward,K C. Roach Slemp Taylor, Ark. Webster demands the yeas and nays; 43 gentlemen ha\e arisen, a suffi Rodenberg Smithwick Taylor, Colo. Williams cient number, and the yeas and nays are ordered. Rosenbloom Snell Taylor, N.J. Wood, Ind. The question was taken ; and there were-yeas 50, nays 168, Rossdalc Snyder Thomas Woodruff Rucker Stafford Tilson Woods, Ya. answered "present" 6, not voting 207, as follows: Ryan Steagall Tinkham Woodyard YEAS-50. Sabath Stedman '.freadway Wnrzbach Aswell Garrett, Tenn. Lowrey • Sumners, Tex. Sand~rs, Ind. Stevenson Tyson Bankhead Garrett, Tex. Lyon Swank Bell Hammer Moore. Va. TenEyck So the motion to adjourn was rejected. Black Harrison Oldfield Tillman The Clerk announced the following additional pairs: Briggs Huddleston Overstreet Upshaw Until further notice: Bulwinkle Jacoway P::u·ks, Ark. Vinson Byrns, Tenn. Jones, Tex. Parri h Weaver Mr. ELLIOTT with 1\fr. BOWLING. Carter Lanham Quin Wilson 1\lr. BABBOUR with Mr. KINCHELOE. Crisp Lankford Rankin Winao l\lr. APPLEBY with l\Ir. FISHER. Doughton Larsen, Ga. Rayburn wise Drewry Lazaro Rouse Wright Mr. DENISO:iir with Mr. DAVIS of Tennessee. Dupre Lee, Ga. Sandlin 1\lr. RHODES with 1\lr. SEABS. Fulmer Logan Stoll 1\Ir. TREADWAY with 1\lr. COLLIER. NAYS-168. 1\Ir. BRENNAN w·ith Mr. HUDSPETH. Anderson Fitzgerald Kissel Rogel'S 1\rr. ROACH with Mr. SANDERS of Texas. Andrew, Mass. Fordney Kleczka Rose Andrews, Nebr. Foster Kline, N. L Sanders, N.Y. 1.\fr. FUNK with Mr. HAYDEN. Ansorge ll'rear Kline, Pa. Schall 1\Ir. FISH with 1\Ir. DOMINICK. . Antnony l•'rench Kraus Scott, Mich . ~Ir. BLAND of Indiana with Mr. THOMAS. Arentz Frothingham Lampert Scott, Tenn. Begg . l!'uller Larson, Minn. Shelton Mr. NoRTO~ with Mr. WooDs of Virginia. Bird Gensman Little Siegel l\Ir. TAYLOR of New Jersey with Mr. BRAND. Blakeney Gernerd London Sinclair Mr. KE.Ar.Ns with l\Ir. JoHNSON of Mississippi. Boies Glynn Luce · Sinnott Bowers GoodykQontz McCormick Smith, Idaho Mr. LINEBERGER with Mr. KITCHIN. Burdick Graham, Ill. McKenzie Smith, Mich. 1\fr. ROSENBLOOM with l\lr. l\IANSFIELD. Burroughs Graham, Pa. McLaughlin, 1\licb Speaks 1\fr. PATTERSON of Missouri with l\!r. TA1.L.OR of Arkansas. Burton Greene, 1\Iass. McLaughlin, Nebr Sproul Butler Greene, Vt. McLaughlin, Pa. Steenerson l\f.r. RODE "BliliG with l\Ir. RUCKER. Cable Griest McPherson Stephens l\Ir: EDMONDS with l\lr. HARDY of Texas. Campbell, Kans. Hadley l\ladden Strong, Kans. l\Ir. FREE With ..1\lr. MONTAGUE. Chalmers Hardy, Colo. Magee Strong, Pa. Chandler, Okla. Hawley Mann Sweet l\lr. l\IooRE of Illinois with l\fr. .A.LMo~. Chindblom Hersey Mapes Taylor, Tenn. l\Ir. 0SBORKE with l\Ir. 1\lCDUFFIE. Clouse Hickey l\l.iller Temple l\lr. LANGLEY with 1\Ir. CLARK of Florida. Cole, Ohio Hicks Millspaugh Thompson Colton Hill l\Iondell Timberlake Mr. WooDYABD witb l\Ir. SABATH. Cooper, Ohio Himes Montoya. Tincher l\fr. l\fOPJN with 1\fr. SISSON. Cooper, Wis. Hoch Moore, Ohio Towner l\Ir. PURNELL with l\lr. STEDMAN, Copley Hogan Moores, Ind. Vaile Cramton Hukriede- Morgan Vare Mr. LEE of New York with Mr. HUMPHREYS. Curry Husted Murphy Voigt Mr. CoLE of Iowa "'ith Mr. WARD of North Carolina. Dale Hutchinson Nelson, A. P. Volk Dallinger Ireland Newton, Minn. Volstead Mr. DuNN with l\Ir. BnNEs of South Carolina. Darrow Johnson, Ky. Ogden Walsh Mr. CRAGO with l\lr. BANKHEAD. Davis, Minn. Johnson, Wash. Parker, N.J. Wason Mr. ELLIS with Mr. RAKER. Dickinson Kahn Patterson, N.J. Watson Dowell Keller Porter Wheeler Mr. LAYTON with Mr. WINGO. Dunbar Kelley, Mich. Radcliffe White, Kans. Mr. FESS with Mr. KINDRED. Dy~ Kelly, Pa. Ramseye1· White, Me. Mr. KING with Mr. RAYBURN. Echols Kendall Reece Williamson Ellis Ketcham Reed, N.Y. Winslow Mr. HL"'LL with l\fr. GoLDSBOROuGH. Evans Kiess Reed, W. Va. Wyant Mr. KNUTSON with l\Ir. Pou. Fairchild King Ricketts Yates Mr. KENNEDY with Mr. OLDFIELD. Fairfield Kinkaid Robertson Young Mr. Mr. Faust Kirkpatrick Robsion Zihlman l\1UDD with RAINEY of Alabama. ANSWERED " PRESENT "-6. Mr. BEEDY with Mr. Aswm. Box Driver Focht He nick Mr. NOLAN with l\lr. SMITHWICK. Crowther Elliott Mr. BRITTEN with Mr. CAREW. NOT VOTING-207. l\Ir. BOWERS with l\Ir. STEAGALL. Ackerman Codd Hayden MacGregor l\Ir. LAWRENCE with l\f'r.· RAINEY of Illinois. Almon C l\lr. BOXD with Mr. COCKRAN. Montoya Reed, W.Va. Speak Voigt Moore, Ohio Ricketts Sproul Volk Mr. BIXLER with 1\Ir. JEFFERS of Alabama. Moores, Ind. Robertson • teenerson Volstead Mr. CoNNELL with Mr. HooKER. Morgan Robsion Stephens Walsh l\lr. KrNKAID with Mr. DRA!o.TE. Mott Rogers Strong, Kans. Wason Murphy Rose Strong, Pa. Wats<>n Mr. A.TKESON with Mr. DREWRY. Nelson, .A. P. Sanders, N.Y. Sweet WbeelCl· ~Ir . SA31>E.RS of Indiana with l\Ir. CoxN.ALLY of Texas. Newton, Minn. Schall Taylor, Tenn. White, Me. '.llr. STAFFORD With 1\!Ir. CoLLL"'iS. Ogden Scott, Mich. Temple Williamson Parker, N . .J. Scott, Tenn. Thompson Winslow 1\lr. RO.SSDALE with Mr. BLANTON. Patterson, N . .J. Shelton Timberlake Wyant Ur. WooD of Indiana with l\Ir. BUCHANAN. Radcliffe Sinclair Tincher Yates Mr. 'V.ARD of New York with l\Ir. DEAL. Ramse;rer Sil'lnott Towner Young Reece Smith, Idaho Vaile Zhilman l\Ir. SNELL with 1\Ir. GARNER. Reed, N.Y. ·mitb, M~ch. Vare l\lr. SH.RE'\:X: with Mr. FIELDs. NAYS-7. l\Ir. ToWNER with Mr. GALLIVAN. Briggr Garrett, Tenn. Lowrey Tillman l\Ir. FOCHT. 1\fr. Speaker, I desire to Tote. Byrns, Tenn. Harrison Sumners, Tex. The SPEAKER pro tempol'e [Mr. WALSH]. Was the gentle ANSWERED PUESEKT-1. man present, listening, when his name was called? Elliott ~rr. FOCHT. I was not. NOT VOTING-248. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Th-e gentleman can be recorded Ackerman Dunn Lehlbach Riduick as present. Almon Dupre Lineberger Riordan l\lr. DRIVER. Mr. Speakel"t I may not haYe been he.re in the Appleby Edmonds Linthicum Roach Aswell Fan·ot Logan Rodenberg last Yote. I wish to Yote " present." Atkeson Fenn Longworth Rosenbloom ·The SPEA..KER pro tempore. The gentleman can be recorded Eacba.racll. Fess Luhring Rossdale Bankhead Fields Lyon Rouse as present. Barbour Fish l\IcArthnr Rucker The ..result of the Yote was annotm~ed as aboYe recorded. Barkley Fisher McClintic Ryan The SPEAKER pro tempore. The House refuses to adjourn. Beck Free .McCormick a bath Beedy Freeman McDuffie Sanders, Ind. The gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. VOLSTE.A.D] is recognized. ·Bell Fulmer McFadden Sanders, Tex. ANTILYN·CH~G . Bixler Funk McSwain Sandlin Black Gahn Maloney , 'ears :\Ir. VOLSTEAD. Mr. Speake!', I mo-ye that the House re Bland, Intl. Galliyan Mansfield ljhaw sol\e itself into Committee of the Whole House on the state of Bland, Vn. Ga.rner Martin Shreve Blanton Garr-ett, Tex. llfead Siegel the Union for the consideration of the bill H. R. 13. Bond Gilbert Merritt Hisson The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Minnesota Box Goldsborough Michaelson ~lemp moves that the House resolve itself into Oommittee of the Brand Gorman Michener 'mithwick Brennan Got:Wd Mills Hnen Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration of Brinson Hammer Aontague r:inyder the bill H. R. 13, which the Clerk "ill report by title. Britten Hardy, Tex. Moore, Ill. Sta1fur"(} The Clerk read as follows: Brooks, Ill, Haugen Moore, Va. Steagall Brooks, Pa. Hawes Morin Stedman A bill (H. R. 13) to assure to persons within the jurisdiction of Brown, Teru1. Hayden Mudd Stevenson every State the equal protection of the laws and to punish the crime Browne, Wis. Hays ~relson, J. M. Stiness ot lynching. Buchanan Hill Kewton, Mo. Stoll The SPEAKER pro tempore. Th~ question is on agreeing to Bulwinkle Hooker 1\'olan Sullivan Burke Houghton Norton Summers, Wa h. the motion of the gentleman from Minnesota. Burtness Huddleston O'Brien - Swank The question was taken, and the Speaker pro tempore an- Byrnes, S. C. Hudspeth '()'Connor Swing nounced that the ayes appeared to have it. Campbell, Pa. Hull ·OI Howse, of his owu motion, un The Clerk read tlle bill, as follows : three o~· more persons openly acting in concert, in. violation of law and in default of protection of such person by such State or the officers A bill (H. R. 13) to assure to persons within the jurisdiction of every thereof, shall be deemed a de.nial to such person by such State of the State the equal protection of the laws, and to punish the crime or· equal protection of the laws and a violation of the peace of the United lynching. States and an offense against the same. Be it enactecl, etc., That whenever any criminal prosecution shall have B.Ec. 9. That every person participating in such mob or riotous assem been instituted or any warrant of arrest shall have been issued, or any blage by which such person is put to death, as described in the section arrest shall have been made, or attempted, with the purpose and intent immediately preceding, shall be guilty of murder and shall be liable to of criminal prosecution, in any State court, against any person within prosecution, and, upon conviction, to punishment therefor, according t~ the jurisdiction of the Stati!, whether he be a citizen of the United law, in any district court of the United States having jurisdiction. in the States or not, and .such person shall appeal, as hereinafter provided, place wher.e such putting to death occurs. for the protection of the Government of the United States upon the S:uc. 10. That every county in which such unlawful putting to death ground that he has reasonable cause to apprehend that he will be denied occn:m shall b_e subject to a forfeiture of $10,000, which may be re the equal protection of the laws by the State within whose jurisdiction covered by action therefor in the name of the United States against he 1s, or by any officer or inhabitant of such State, such person shall be such county for the use of the dependent family, if any, of the person entitled to the protection of the courts and officers of the United States so put to death; and if none, for the use of the United States, which to the end that the protection guaranteed by the Constitution of the action shall be brought and prosecuted by the attorney of the United United States may be given. States for the district in which such county is situated in any district SEc. 2. That any person within the jurisdiction of any State charged court of the United States having jurisdiction therein. If such for ldth a felony or other crime who shall :tne with the clerk of the district feiture is not paid upon t:ecovery of judgment therefor, such court court of the United States within whose jurisdiction he is a duly shall have jurisdiction to enforce payment thereat by extent of levy vcrHied petition showing (1) thnt he is charged with, or has been ar of execution upon any property of the county, o~· may compel the levy rested for, the alleged commission of, or participation in, some and collection of a tax therefor, or otherwise compel payment thereof felonious or criminal act, the nature of which shall be set out in his by mandatory or other appropnate process; and every officer of such petition..; (2) that he has reason to apprehend that, because of his county and every other person who disobeys or fails to comply with race, nationality, or religion, whi'ch shall be specifi.cally stated in his any lawful order of the court in the premises shall. be liable to pun petition, the petitioner is likely to be denied the equal protection of the ishment accor citizens of the Ur.ited States by its Constitution may be secured it is provided: CALENDAR WEDNESDAY. " SEc. 3. 'l'hat any State or municipal officer charged- with the duty Mr. MONDELL. Mr. Speake1·, I ask unanimous consent that or who possesses the power or authority as such officer to protect the life of any person that may be put _to death by any mob or riotous the House dispense with the business of calendar Wednes· assemblage, or· who has any such person in his charge_ as. a prisoner, day to-morrow. who fails, neglects, or refuses to make all reasonable efforts to pre The SPEAKER. ·The gentleman from 'Vyoming asks unani· vent such person from being so put to death, or any State or munic ipal. officer charged with ' the duty of apprehending or prosecuting any mous consent that the business of calendar Wednesday to person participating in such mob or riotous assemblag~ who fails, neg morrow be dispe-nsed with. Is there objection? lects, or refuses to make all reasonable efforts to perform his duty in There was· no objection. apprehending or pr By 1\1r. FROTHI~GHA1\f: A bill (H. R. 96G9) to continue in SENATE. effect paragraph 8 of the ection relating to medals of honor, disUrigui hed service crosses, and distinguished service medals WEDNE DAY, Decmnber ~1, 1921. of an act making appropriations for the support of the Army The Chaplain, Rev. J. J. Muit·, D. D., offered the following for the :fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, as approved July 9, prayer: 1918 ( 40 Stat., 871) ; to the Commj.ttee on Military Affairs. . By 1\fr. HOGAN: Joint.resolution (H. J. Res. 244) declarmg Our Father, we thank Thee for the privileges of living anll October 12 a legal public holiday, to be known as Columbus the opportunities of service. Grant that our hearts may be Day; to the Committee on the Judiciary. always inspired by the example of Him who went about doing good. In these days may there be gladness in evidence, hope and cheer constantly presented, and may we be willing to serve PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIO~S. Thee with the largest consecration and devotion. We ask in Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions Christ Jesu ' name. Amen. were introduced and severally referred us follows: . ATLEE PoMERENE, a Senator from the State of Ohio, appeared By 1\Ir. BEGG: A bill (H. R. 9660) granting an increa e of in his seat to-day. pension to Margaret Kuhn; to the Committee on Pensions. • The reading clerk proceeded to read the Journal of yester By Mr. CABLE: A bill (H. R. 9661) granting a pen ion to day' proceedings, when, on request of Mr. CURTIS and by unan Addie Pie1·ce; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. imous consent, the further reading was dispensed with and the By l\fr. FREE: A bill (H. R. 9662) granting a pension to Journal was approved. Lorenz.o A. Talcott ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. MOVING-PICTURE INDUSTRY IN FOREIGN COUNTniES. By 1\lr. KELLEY of Michigan: A bill (H. R. 9663) for there lief of Frank Suggs; to the Committee on Military Affairs. The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica By Mr. 1\'.ucGREGOR: A bill (H. R. 9664) granting a pension tion from the Secretary of Commerce, transmitting, in re ponse to Eliza J. Spencer; to the Committee on Pen. ions. to Senate resolution 121 of August 5, 1921, a report on the By Mr. PURNELL: A bill (H. R. 9665t granting a pension to development of the moving-picture industry in foreign countries Edward Dupler ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and the extent of the importation of films of foreign manufac By Mr. SUTHERLAND: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 239) ture, which was ordered to lie on the table. authorizing a preliminary examination or survey of Oliver ME SAGE FROM THE HOUSE. Inlet, Alaska ; to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. A mes age from the House of Representatives, by Mr. Over Also, joint resolution (H. J. Res. 240) authorizing a pre hue its enrolling clerk, announced that the House agreed to liminary examination or survey of Gastineau Channel, Alaska; the 'concurrent resolution ( S. Con. Res. 17) to print 3,500 copies to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. of the hearings before the Committee on Finance of the Senate .Also, joint resolution (H. J. Res. 241) authorizing a pre on the bill (H. R. 7456) to provide revenue, etc., the tariff 1Jil1. liminary examination or survey of Yukon-Ku.-kokwi.)n Portage, The message also announced that the House disagreed to the Alaska; to the Committee on Rivers and Harbor . amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. n. 9548) for the relief Also, joint re olution (H. J. Res. 242) authorizing a prelimi of the distressed and starving people of Russia, agreed to the nary examination or survey of Tolovana Rh·er, Alaska; to the conference requested by the Senate on the disagreeing votes of Committee on Rivers and Harbors. the two Houses thereon, and that Mr. RooEEs, l\Ir. TEMPLE, and Also, join.t resolution (H. J. Res. 243) authorizing a pre Mr. CoNNALLY of Texas were appointed p1anagers of the con liminary examination or survey of Hawk Inlet, Ala. ka; to the ference on the part of the House. Committee on Rivers and Harbors. The message further announced that the Hou e had pas e