CHAPTER: ±
PETE YADGAON: HISTORY AMP INDUSTRIAL BACKGROUND.
1.1 LOCATION OF PETE YADGAON:
Peth Tadgaon is situated 20 K.m. t&; the north-east of
, * Kolhapur* It is a small town in Hatkanangle Taluka of
Kolhapur District# " Kolhapur-Yadgaon road breaks away from
' 1 ' / Pune-Bangalore National High-way npar Top* As there is a road joining Vadgaon-Hatkanangle; Vadgaon is also connected with Sangli and lohalkaranji. The west road links 'Malkapur,
Ratnagiri eto* Thus Yadgaon is trafically linked with hig •1 cities.'* The location of Yadgaon in Maharashtra is shown in figure 1* K —
1*2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PETH YADGAON:
Yadgaon is having different names which are explained i here. Mhile entering Yadgaon, you come across big bunyan trees. Every enteranoe to vadgaon is guarded by these tall trees, as if they are placed there to Wel-come the Visitors.
As Yadgaon is situated on low lying land, from a distance you
l can only see these bunyan trees. Thus the name Yadgaon is derived from two words "Vad” means bunyan tree and ” gaon"
\ means town.
Yadgaon is called as Kasaba Yadgaon. As there is a big market of grains, clothes and cattles it is also called as Bazar or Peth Yadgaon. M Yadgaon is known as a famous Fia. 1 2
market place, So the adjective Peth (market place) comes before Tadgaon. Kings liked this town and used to spend some time here, so some time call it 'Rajache* means King's
'Tadgaon, So Kasaba, Peth or Bazar and Raj ache Tadgaon is 2 still known by these three names,"
As far as the historical background of Peth Tadgaon is concerned, it has been noted that " during the^egiail of "7
Sambhaji ( ,1712-1760) Tadgaon was favorite residence of the
Kolhapur family and had a strong detachment of horse. During feuds between the Kolhapur state and the Patwardhans at the / close of eighteenth century,, Tadgaon was several time burntS~? r~ — * About 1761-62 it was plundered by Raghunatarav, uncle of the
i Pesva, Tadgaon has a large Brahmanic temple of Iakshmi is \ ( about 4,160 feet to the South-west of the .town; It is
Hemadpanti style. It is twenty-four feet long, twenty-one feet broad and thirty feet high. The Jain temple in the centre of the town,, is said to have been built in 1696 on Adapa Bhugset at a cost of fc, 40,000/-"^
Further, " When Ghhatrapati1s established their Kingdom at Satara and Kolhapur, they fought many battles between themselves and Taggaon had beoome an army camp and then a fort had been built at Tadgaon," ^
All these reference shows historical background of ' Peth-Tadgaon, 3
1.3 ACTIVITIES OP MOHICIPALITY AT PEIH VADGAOHs i
Peth Vadgaon has municipality for nearly hundred years. In this connection it may be noted that," the civic affairs of the town are managed by a municipality which was establi shed on 1st August 1887. The municipal' area covers nearly 5/8 square miles. There is Government dispensary and maternity home in the 'town. There is also a Veterinary Sub-dispensary run by Government* The municipality has contributed Bs. 2,500/- towards the cost of a new building for this dispensary which was completed in 1940. In almost all parts of the town there are pucca gutters and waste water is drained through these. There is piped water supply from Lakshnii tank. The distribution of water is, under the control of the municipality. Compulsory primary education in the town is administrated by Kolhapur District School Board, the municipality contributing its statutory
\ K share of the expenditure."3
Thus it may be noted that Vadgaon has municipality for nearly hundred years.
1.4 EDtJOATIOML. COMMERCIAL AMP IHPUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES AT
.educational activities. Earlier the town had 4
school run by ISLlla parishad, hat'then local leaders thought
about it and a high school was established with the help of
Shikshan Prasarak Mandal of Kolhapur. This new era began
in 1948. It was followed by another local high-school,
called Balwantrao Yadav High School, in 1969. A girl’s high-school was began without grant in aid*. lanasaheb Mane, £ <
former M.l.A. of this constituency established a Junior <
1 College and developed it into a Senior College. Balwantrao
Yadav High School too opened its Junior wing and it has I —--- X established reputation.. During the last two years, two
Mglish medium school Commenced. Shortly a D.Ed. College . ] and a D.P.Ed. College will attract the students. Erom the ^
surrounding rural area. Thus Beth Vadgaon has proved to be
'a good centre for educational activities. i 1 «
The people of Yadgaon were hesitant about the working
of banks as Kolhapur Bank had gone into liquidation and the
deposites of the poor people were lost. The local merchants
strived to alter the situation by establishing Yadgaon Urban
Co-operative Bank, in 1957. Ratnakar Co-operative Bank
of Kolhapur opened a branch in 1962. j Recently The Bank
of India under Government's Schemes of Rural Development,
opened a branch in 1973. Kolhapur District Central Co-operative
Bank and land Development Bank have opened their branches at
Pe"5h Yadgaon for the convenience of the farmers. Besides these Banks Janata Bank <£ Ichalkaranji established its branch' in 1974 which also is having good business. 5
As far as the power loom industry is concerned we get a reference that in the year 1956-57. " There are about 1905 handloom and 75 powerloom establishments in the whole of
Kolhapur district with Ichalkaranji, Kolhapur, Rendal, Vadgaon,
Kagal, Kodoli, Halkarni, Uandani, Bhirewadi and Sarud as 6 important Centres."
1 t Due to the Centre of powerloom industry the weavers (Sali, Kosti), ground-nut oil producers (Teli) and merchants have been a majority in Vadgaon*s population. Farmers are relatively less in number, but still as the town progressed
Vadgaon became a centre of agricultural an$ commercial activities.
1 Thus we also find a reference that " the population consisted of traders, cloth merchants and grocers in majority Teli, Kosti, rangari, sali, Momin, the makers of fcagote (tarban) 33hor (leather processers) etc. in a 7 good number"
V Regarding powerloom industry and other industries at
Peth Vadgaon it has been noted that " Cloth markating is “? the main business of this town, in 1966 there were 3*00 powerlopms and also few handlooms. Tap quality dhoti and sari is woven on them. A Special kind of rug called'"ghongadi" is also woven on special looms. There are 55 tanneries where leateher is tanned, there are 7 bandsaw machines and some 6
8 to 10 shops of carpentery and hlack-smithy. Some Xumbhars^
prepare "bricks and there are 25 to 30 brick work factories,
where bricks tiles and earthen pots are made, Shri Xakshmi
Cement Pipe Victory, prepares Cement Pipes, for agricultural 8 purposes.„
Apart from these existing industrial activities local
people have come forward to establish a co-operative cement
factory and the work for its construction has started. There
are also plans for Co-operative Spinning Mill and Co-operative
powerloom Units,, These factories in Co-operative sector will
open a new chapter in Peth Vadgaon's industries as these new
factories, will provided job apportunities to the people of
Co-operative Sugar factory.
Thus it can be noted that Peth-Vadgaon is a small centre for educational, commercial and industrial activities.
1.5 GROWTH OP POPULATION AT PETH YADGAOHt
/
After dealing with historical background and activities 1 at Peth Yadgaon, it ls"18forkh see the population dimension of Peth Vadgaon.
Before hundred years the population of Peth Yadgaon was 4890, The increase and decrease of population from
1881 to 1981 is presented in Table 1.1. 7
TABlSs 1.1 GROWTH. OR. POPULATION A3? PREH VAPGAON:
YEAR POPUXATION'
1881 4,890
1891 5,848
1901 5,164
1911 3,179
1921 4,160
1931 3,938
1941 5,003 1951 6,173 1961 8,6389
1971 10,92510
1981 14,430 *
v' ?
' ®ie population figures of Peth Yadgaon in the year 1881 to 1931 shows fluctuations i.e* growth in some decades and decred.se in some decades* But from 1931 there has been constant growth of population and it has reached upto
14*430 in the year 1981.
The table shows that decrease in the population from the year 1901 to 1931* because of the disease like plague, cholera etc. later on, after 1931 we notice there has been continuous growth in the population* 8
Thus we do not find a definate trend in the population
/ ' of Peth Vadgaon during the year 1981 to 1931 as growth and
« decrease of population is' seen simulteneously., But from 1941, , t a definite ’trend in the growth,,population of Peth Vadgaon is observed.
1.6 PfROMTA&E Off GROM OR DECREASE IH POPUMTIOH AT • PETH VADGAON:
i On the basis of actual population, the percentage
l of growth or decrease in population isipresented in Table Ho. 1.2. 9
5ABLE t U2 PERCENTAGE OF GROWTH OR DECREASE IS POPULATION AT BETH VADGAON
* YEAR PERCENTAGE OE POPULATION
1881-1891 + 19.59$ 1891-1901 - 11.70$
- 38.44$ 1901-1911 1 1911-1921 + 30.86$
1921-1931 - 05.34$ 1931-1941 + 27.04$ 1941-1951 + 23.38$ 1951-1961 + 39.93$ + 1961-1971 / 26.48$ 0 00 CM 1971-1981 .
The percentage of growth or decrease -in population « , figures of Peth Vadgaon in the year 1881 to 1981 shows the fluctuations between-05.34$ to + 39.93$ in the period of hundred years. 5*rom 1931 there has been increase in percentage of population. In decade 1951 to 1961 it has been increased by highest percentage. (+ 39.93$) 10
1.7 COMPOSITION OP TOTAL WORKERS AT BETH YADSAON:
After ^notirig_the^growth and decrease J>f population at Peth Yadgao'n for hundred years, now the attention is focused on the composition of total workers at Peth
TTadgaon in the years 1971 and 1981* The data on total workers is presented in Table 1.3.
TABLE 1.3 COMPOSITION OOP TOTAL WOEKISS AT PETH VABGAONj *11 *12 1971 1981
Cultivators 533 (18.8955) 837.(18.54$)
Agricultural 283 (10.03$) 589 (13.05$) labourers J s
live Stock or 46 (01.63$) — Chonds’ etc*,
Mining quarriying. 7 (00.-25$) ■VMM*
Household Ind. 457 (16.19$) 412 (09.13$) Other than household 384 (13.61$) 2576 (59.28$) Industry. r Construction 37 (01.31$) — Trade and Comence 638 (22.61$) —
Transport Storage and 104 (03.68$) •mm1 Communication.
Other services 333 (11.80*) mmmm
TOTAL.. 2822(100.00) 4514 (100.00)
Q The table indicates in the year 1971 there were 2822 total workers at Peth Vadgaon. Out of them the 11
proportion of workers in trade and commerce, was the
highest, (22.61$) She remaining workers were engaged
mainly as cultivators (18.89$), workers in household
industry (16*19$) and workers in other than household
industry (13.61$). In the year 1981, there were 4514
total workers at Peth Yadgaon. Out of them majority of
the workers (2676 i.e. 59.28$) were working in other than household industries. The remaining workers were engaged
mainly as cultivators (18.54$) and agricultural labourers
(13.95$).
While comparing the figures of the workers in both
the years i.e. 1971 and 1981, it is seen that the proportion
) 01 agricultural labourers and
household industry fields are more or less constant. But
the proportion of workers in the other than household
industry has increased to a greater extent.
Thus the composition of total workers in the year
1981 indicates that majority of the workers are engaged
in other than household industries, is noted earlier
powerloom industry is the main industry at Peth Vadgaon I So the present study deals with the powerloom weavers
1 at Peth Vadgaon. REFERENCES 12
1. NAVSANDESH : SUNDAY 7th JUXLY 1968 P.2.
2. ” VADGAON NAG-ARP ALIKA AMR.UT MAHOCHAVA 1887-1966 REPORT” P.1
3. Maharashtra State Gazetters Kolhapur District”
(Revised Edition of volume^-XXIY of the original Gazetteer
of the Bombay Presidency relating to Kolhapur.) P-894-895.
4. NAVSANDESH : SUNDAY 7th JULLY 1968.P.2
5.. "Maharashtra State Gazetters Kolhapur District.”
Revised editionof Yolom XXIV of the original. Gazetteers
6. Ibid. P. 369
7. ” DAILY NAVASANDESH” Op.Cit.
8. "Yadgaon Nagarpalika Amrut Mahoohava 1887-1966 Report
P.35
9. Ibid, p.28
10. ”2 Census of India: 1981, Series 1, India Paper 1 of 1982 Final Population Totals P.58, 60.
11. Census of India. 1971, District census Handbook Kolhapur
P*92,93.
12. Census of India: 1981 series 1, India Paper 1 of 1982
final Population totals P.58,60.