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QMS21: Purchasing and Inventory Management, 1St Edition

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QMS21: Purchasing and Inventory Management, 1St Edition 1st Edition QMS21 Purchasing and Inventory Management This guideline describes effective purchasing and inventory management processes, which ensure availability of the appropriate equipment,SAMPLE instruments, reagents, consumable materials, other products, and services procured from external sources needed for providing quality laboratory services. A guideline for global application developed through the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute consensus process. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Setting the standard for quality in medical laboratory testing around the world. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) is a not-for-profit membership organization that brings together the varied perspectives and expertise of the worldwide laboratory community for the advancement of a common cause: to foster excellence in laboratory medicine by developing and implementing medical laboratory standards and guidelines that help laboratories fulfill their responsibilities with efficiency, effectiveness, and global applicability. Consensus Process Consensus—the substantial agreement by materially affected, competent, and interested parties—is core to the development of all CLSI documents. It does not always connote unanimous agreement, but does mean that the participants in the development of a consensus document have considered and resolved all relevant objections and accept the resulting agreement. Commenting on Documents CLSI documents undergo periodic evaluation and modification to keep pace with advancements in technologies, procedures, methods, and protocols affecting the laboratory or health care. CLSI’s consensus process depends on experts who volunteer to serve as contributing authors and/or as participants in the reviewing and commenting process. At the end of each comment period, the committee that developed the document is obligated to review all comments, respond in writing to all substantive comments, and revise the draft document as appropriate. Comments on published CLSI documents are equally essential, and may be submitted by anyone, at any time, on any document. All comments are managed according to the consensus process by a committee of experts. Appeals Process When it is believed that an objection has not been adequately considered and responded to, the process for appeals, documented in the CLSI Standards Development Policies and Processes, is followed. All comments and responses submitted on draft and published documents are retained on file at CLSI and are available upon request. Get Involved—Volunteer! Do you use CLSI documents in your workplace? Do you see room for improvement? Would you like to get involved in the revision process? Or maybe you see a need to develop a new document for an emerging technology? CLSI wants to hear from you. We are always looking for volunteers. By donating your time and talents to improve the standards that affect your own work, you will play an active role in improving public health across the globe. SAMPLE For additional information on committee participation or to submit comments, contact CLSI. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500 Wayne, PA 19087 USA P: +1.610.688.0100 F: +1.610.688.0700 www.clsi.org [email protected] QMS21, 1st ed. November 2016 Purchasing and Inventory Management Lucia M. Berte, MA, MT(ASCP)SBB, DLM, Gregory Olsen, MT(ASCP)SBB CQA(ASQ)CMQ/OE Edward J. Peterson, Jr., MBA, MT(ASCP) Kathleen A. Grindle, MT(ASCP), CQA(ASQ)CPGP Susan Shuptar, BS, MT(ASCP) Keith Kirkland, MLT, BTECH Susan Wright, CPSM, MBA, SSGBC Julie W. McGowan, MA, MT(ASCP)DLM, CMQ/OE(ASQ) Abstract Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline QMS21—Purchasing and Inventory Management provides laboratories with guidance on developing processes for qualifying and selecting suppliers of laboratory equipment, instruments, reagents, consumable materials, other products, and services obtained from external sources; procuring, receiving, and managing inventory; and monitoring supplier performance. Laboratories need efficient and effective purchasing and inventory management processes to provide timely and high-quality services to their customers and meet regulatory, accreditation, and customer requirements. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Purchasing and Inventory Management. 1st ed. CLSI guideline QMS21 (ISBN 1-56238-800-2 [Print]; ISBN 1-56238-801-0 [Electronic]). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 USA, 2016. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute consensus process, which is the mechanism for moving a document through two or more levels of review by the health care community, is an ongoing process. Users should expect revised editions of any given document. Because rapid changes in technology may affect the procedures, methods, and protocols in a standard or guideline, users should replace outdated editions with the current editions of CLSI documents. Current editions are listed in the CLSI catalog and posted on our websiteSAMPLE at www.clsi.org. If you or your organization is not a member and would like to become one, and to request a copy of the catalog, contact us at: P: +1.610.688.0100 F: +1.610.688.0700 E: [email protected] W: www.clsi.org QMS21, 1st ed. Copyright ©2016 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Except as stated below, any reproduction of content from a CLSI copyrighted standard, guideline, companion product, or other material requires express written consent from CLSI. All rights reserved. Interested parties may send permission requests to [email protected]. CLSI hereby grants permission to each individual member or purchaser to make a single reproduction of this publication for use in its laboratory procedures manual at a single site. To request permission to use this publication in any other manner, e-mail [email protected]. Suggested Citation CLSI. Purchasing and Inventory Management. 1st ed. CLSI guideline QMS21. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2016. SAMPLE ISBN 1-56238-800-2 (Print) ISBN 1-56238-801-0 (Electronic) ISSN 1558-6502 (Print) ISSN 2162-2914 (Electronic) Volume 36, Number 15 ii QMS21, 1st ed. Contents Abstract . i Committee Membership. iii Foreword . vii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................. .1 1.1 Scope ........................................................................................................2 1.2 Background . 3 1.3 Terminology ..................................................................................................4 Chapter 2: Overview of Purchasing and Inventory Management ........................................ 11 Chapter 3: Purchasing .................................................................................. 15 3.1 Determining Specifications for Needed Equipment, Materials, and Services..................................16 3.2 Potential Suppliers Are Qualified.............................................................................22 3.3 Supplier Proposals Are Compared............................................................................25 3.4 Supplier Is Selected ..........................................................................................27 3.5 Agreement Is Finalized.......................................................................................29 Chapter 4: Inventory Management ..................................................................... 37 4.1 Procurement Is Initiated . .38 4.2 Equipment, Reagents, and Consumables Are Received .......................................................41 4.3 Equipment, Reagents, and Consumables Are Entered Into Inventory .........................................44 4.4 Reagents and Consumables Are Used .......................................................................49 4.5 External Services Are Used ..................................................................................53 4.6 Supplier Performance Is Evaluated...........................................................................55 Chapter 5: Key Features of an Electronic Inventory Management System ................................ 59 5.1 Inventory Management Considerations......................................................................60 5.2 Real-Time Information.......................................................................................61 5.3 Perpetual vs Periodic Inventory ..............................................................................61 5.4 System Compatibility........................................................................................61 5.5 Lot Number and Expiry Date Tracking........................................................................62 5.6 Information Reporting.......................................................................................62 5.7 ExpectedSAMPLE Upgrade Schedule .................................................................................62 v QMS21, 1st ed. Contents (Continued) Chapter 6: Quality System Essentials.................................................................... 63 6.1 Quality System Essentials as the Management Infrastructure for Purchasing and Inventory Management ...64 6.2 Quality System Essentials Considerations for Purchasing and Inventory Management .......................64 Chapter 7: Conclusion .................................................................................. 67 Chapter 8:
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