Overview of Health and Wellbeing Needs for Vale of Glamorgan Locality
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Overview of health and wellbeing needs for Vale of Glamorgan Locality, 2015-2025 Version number Date Author/s Comments 1.0 draft 18 August 2015 Dr Tom Porter & Dee Hickey First draft for circulation among locality leads for feedback, suggested additional useful info etc. Any comments please to [email protected] 1.1 10 December Updates by TP Incorporating feedback – summary info on 2015 students, added overall summary, info from GP cluster plans, info on non-co-terminosity of USOAs and cluster areas Contents Summary of health and wellbeing needs in the Vale of Glamorgan ................................................................. 2 Needs highlighted in Vale GP cluster plans ....................................................................................................... 3 1. Population size and composition................................................................................................................... 5 (i) Population size, structure and projected change ..................................................................................... 5 (ii) Birth and in-migration rates ..................................................................................................................... 7 (iii) Ethnicity and languages spoken .............................................................................................................. 8 2. Risk factors for disease ................................................................................................................................ 10 (i) Self-reported behaviours and USOA maps for reference ....................................................................... 10 (ii) Specific risk factors ................................................................................................................................. 11 3. Equity, inequalities and wider determinants of health ............................................................................... 15 (i) Health equity and inequalities ................................................................................................................ 15 (ii) Deprivation and wider determinants of health...................................................................................... 17 (iii) Community assets ................................................................................................................................. 19 4. Ill health and service use in the Vale ........................................................................................................... 20 (i) Self-reported ill health ............................................................................................................................ 20 (ii) Burden of disease across GP clusters ..................................................................................................... 21 (iii) Service use ............................................................................................................................................. 21 (iv) Change in disease profile....................................................................................................................... 24 (v) Cancer incidence .................................................................................................................................... 27 5. Working in partnership with our local residents ......................................................................................... 29 1 Summary of health and wellbeing needs in the Vale of Glamorgan The following information is a summary of a detailed assessment presented in chapters 1 to 5. Population size and composition The population age structure of the Vale of Glamorgan is very similar to the Wales average, with the exception of a slightly lower number of young adults (20-24yrs) The population of the Vale will increase modestly over the next 10 years, by around 3% or 4,000 people. However, this masks significant growth in the over 65s and over 85s categories Risk factors for disease Unhealthy behaviours which increase the risk of disease are endemic among adults in the Vale o Nearly half (43%) drink above alcohol guidelines o Two thirds (67%) don’t eat sufficient fruit and vegetables o Over half (54%) are overweight or obese o Around three quarters (73%) don’t get enough physical activity o Just under one in five (18%) smoke There is considerable variation in rates of unhealthy behaviours in the Vale o Smoking rates vary between 17% and 29% across the Vale Many children in Cardiff and Vale are also developing unhealthy behaviours o Two thirds (67%) of under 16s don’t get enough physical activity o Over a third (34%) of under 16s are overweight or obese Equity, inequalities and wider determinants of health There are stark inequalities in health outcomes in Cardiff and Vale o Life expectancy for men is nearly 12 years lower in the most-deprived areas compared with those in the least-deprived areas o The number of years of healthy life varies even more, with a gap of 22 years between the most- and least-deprived areas o Premature death rates are nearly three times higher among the most-deprived areas compared with the least deprived There are also significant inequalities in the ‘wider determinants’ of health, such as housing, household income and education o For example, the percentage of people living without central heating varies by area in Cardiff and Vale from one in a hundred (1%) to one in eight (13%) There are inequalities in how and when people access healthcare In addition to health needs, each community has ‘assets’, such as social capital, community groups or community buildings 2 Ill health and service use The disease profile in Cardiff and Vale is changing o The number of people with two or more chronic illnesses in Cardiff and Vale has increased by around 5,000 in the last decade, and this trend is set to continue o Around 1 in 7 (15%) people consider their day-to-day activities are limited by a long-term health problem or disability o Many people with chronic conditions are not diagnosed and do not appear on official registers o Due to changes in the age profile of the population and risk factors for disease, new diagnoses for conditions such as diabetes and dementia are increasing significantly Around 1 in 5 adults have visited their GP within a 2 week period; and nearly three quarters visit a pharmacy over a year period The highest rates of attendance at the Emergency Department are from people living in more deprived areas of Cardiff and Vale Rates of delayed transfer of care for social care reasons are nearly twice as high in Cardiff and Vale than the Wales average Heart disease, lung cancer and cerebrovascular disease are the leading causes of death in men and women Preventable illness and deaths o Many (but not all) of the most common chronic conditions and causes of death may be avoided by making changes in health-related behaviours Working in partnership with our local residents There are a number of consistent themes from local residents and health professionals about how they would like services to look in future These include: o Helping people stay healthy and independent for as long as possible o Early diagnosis of disease and receiving the best treatment available, wherever an individual lives o Co-ordinated and convenient care, as close to home or work as possible 3 Needs highlighted in Vale GP cluster plans The 2015/16 GP cluster plans in the Vale include the following needs and demands, set out in the context of the UHB’s strategic priorities. Understand the needs of the population (in addition to information provided in this document) o Cater for an increasing population size o Improved communication for patients with English as a second language o Improve uptake of vaccines for Western Vale o Increase flu immunisation ‘at risk’ uptake o Improve alcohol awareness o Increase engagement with smoking cessation pathway o Improve access to primary care mental health services, CAMHS, optometry o Improve healthcare provision to housebound elderly o Patients with early mental health issues not meeting criteria for mental health services Ensure the sustainability of GP services o Reduce number of ‘did not attends’ o Reduce number of inappropriate frequent attendees at out-of-hours and emergency services o Improve access to primary care Urgent care o High emergency admissions Central Vale Planned care o Reduce unnecessary hospital admissions o Improve access and equity of access to planned care including cardiology, dermatology, family planning, minor surgery, dermatology, ENT, paediatric services o Improve care of patients with chronic health problems o Improve management of patients with AF End of life care o Improve patient choice over place of death and to ensure as comfortable as possible o Ensure needs of patients in nursing homes are met o Identify needs of patients on dementia register Cancer o Improve rates of early detection and treatment o Increase awareness of national screening programmes Locality issues o Reduce incidence of flu cases 4 1. Population size and composition Key points The population age structure of the Vale of Glamorgan is very similar to the Wales average, with the exception of a slightly lower number of young adults (20-24yrs) The population of the Vale will increase modestly over the next 10 years, by around 3% or 4,000 people. However, this masks significant growth in the over 65s and over 85s categories (i) Population size,