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Innovation and Action for a Secure World

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Innovation and Action for a Secure World Innovation and Action for a Secure World NUCLEAR THREAT INITIATIVE Former Senator Sam Nunn, NTI co- founder, co-chairman and chief executive officer, speaks at the International Atomic Energy Agency in 2006. Joan Rohlfing, NTI president, addresses the Seoul 2012 Nuclear Industry Summit. THE NUCLEAR THREat Initiative (NTI) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization with a mission to strengthen global security by reducing the risk of use and preventing the spread of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. Founded in 2001 by former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn and CNN founder Ted Turner, NTI is guided by a prestigious, international board of directors. NTI is focused on closing the gap between global threats from nuclear, biological and chemical weapons and the global response to those threats. Recognizing that governments have most of the resources and authority in NTI is a role model the large-scale work of threat reduction, NTI emphasizes leverage. It’s not just “of a private-public what NTI can do throughout the world. It’s what we can persuade others to partnership in do. We use our voice to raise awareness and advocate solutions. issues of security and of survival.” At our founding in 2001, NTI set out to take actions to lead the way and not simply point the way. NTI designs and implements projects that directly reduce Mohamed ElBaradei, threats and show governments how to reduce threats faster, smarter and on former director-general, IAEA a larger scale. These direct action projects demonstrate new ways to reduce threats. The danger posed by nuclear, biological and chemical weapons is among the most consequential issues facing the United States and the world. Historically, chemical weapons have been, by far, the most widely used and widely proliferated weapons of mass destruction. Today, the threat of nuclear terrorism, fueled by the spread of nuclear materials, know-how and weapons, has brought us to a nuclear tipping point. At the same time, the biological threat looms—and that threat is in many ways more precarious and complex, as it is inextricably tied to the vast, ongoing advances in biotechnology. Nuclear Threat Initiative 1 Our Hallmarks: Innovation and Cooperation Our operating model is one of our hallmarks: Through innovative field projects that show governments how to reduce threats from weapons of mass destruction on a larger scale, we demonstrate proof-of-concept for our ideas. As an independent and trusted partner, NTI has been able to transcend traditional thinking within global bureaucracies and expert communities to stimulate new ways to address threats from weapons of mass destruction. NTI also has a track record of developing persuasive communications What I like about initiatives aimed at a range of audiences, from senior officials around the globe the way NTI “ to ordinary citizens concerned about the safety and security of their children operates, they want and grandchildren. to hear all the views and they try to bring them together in NTI Leadership initiatives that unite Former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn is co-chairman and chief executive officer of us all.” NTI. During his 24 years in the U.S. Senate, Nunn served as chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Permanent Subcommittee on Sergey Kislyak, ambassador of the Russian Federation to Investigations. One of his key legislative achievements was the Nunn-Lugar the United States Cooperative Threat Reduction Program, which provides assistance to Russia and the former Soviet republics for securing and destroying their excess nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. Joan Rohlfing became NTI’s president and chief operating officer in 2010, after nine years as NTI’s senior vice president for programs and operations. She also directs NTI’s work in coordinating the Nuclear Security Project, led by Nunn with former Secretary of State George P. Shultz, former Secretary of Defense William J. Perry and former Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger in their effort to build support for reducing reliance on nuclear weapons, ultimately ending them as a threat to the world. 2 www.nti.org NTI was founded by Ted Turner and Sam Nunn in January 2001. Charles B. Curtis served as president for nine years. NTI produced Nuclear Tipping Point, a documentary about working toward the vision of a world without nuclear weapons and the steps to achieve it. The film has been screened at the White House, the U.S. Library of Congress, the UK Parliament and other venues around the globe. SIGNA TURE PROJECTS: NUCLEAR THREA TS Since its inception, NTI has worked to lock down weapons and materials from theft, update reduce nuclear arsenals and reduceCold risks War posed force by postures, the spread of nuclear materials production. With the end of the the chances of global, all-out nuclear war declined significantly,Cold War, but today, new threats have emerged: Nine countries now have nuclear weapons, and more are seeking them; terrorists are seeking nuclear weapons and materials; and dozens of countries house materials that terrorists could use to build a nuclear weapon. To address these threats, NTI has initiated a host of groundbreaking projects. NTI Nuclear Materials Security Index In January 2012, NTI launched a first-of- its-kind public benchmarking project of nuclear materials security conditions in 176 countries. The NTI Index, prepared with the Economist Intelligence Unit, NTI Nuclear MaTerIals has helped to spark an international securITy INdex January 2012 The Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) Nuclear Materials Security Index is a nti n discussion about priorities required first-of-its-kind public benchmarking project of nuclear materials security conditions on a country-by-country basis. The NTI Index, prepared with uclear m the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) with guidance from an international panel of experts, was created to spark an international discussion about priorities required to strengthen security and, most important, encourage s aterials to strengthen security and is governments to provide assurances and take actions to reduce risks. Building a Framework for Assurance, www.ntiindex.org Accountability, and Action ecurity i encouraging governments to provide From members oF the international panel oF experts: ndex “If countries use this Index wisely … there’s much truth they can assurances and take actions to learn from it. Even on items that they may not agree with what the Index says, they still can learn something about where the world thinks they are.” Ramamurti Rajaraman, Emeritus Professor of Physics, Jawaharlal Nehru University; Co-Chair, International Panel on Fissile Materials (IPFM) reduce risks. “I think this Index will highlight areas where there’s significant work to be done and … at least get a discussion going about prioritization.” Matthew Bunn, Associate Professor of Public Policy, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard University “One of the reasons why it’s so powerful is that countries will want to get further up the rankings.… To do that, they’ll have to be more transparent.” Roger Howsley, Executive Director, World Institute for Nuclear Security Index developed with 1747 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW | Seventh Floor | Washington, DC 20006 | www.nti.org 4 www.nti.org Released in advance of the March 2012 Nuclear Security Summit in South Korea, the NTI Index underscores the need to build global consensus about what steps matter most to secure some of the world’s most dangerous materials against theft and recommends actions to hold countries accountable, increase transparency and benchmark progress. Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist David Hoffman called the Index “a very open attempt to hold countries up to the same yardstick” and noted that “the value of such an index is that it can serve as a public early warning system.” Working Toward a World Without Nuclear Weapons In coordination with Stanford University’s Hoover Institution, NTI supports the NTIGeorge goes Shultz, to the flanked White House by photoHenry Kissinger,caption here Sam Nunn work of former U.S. Secretaries of State George Shultz and Henry Kissinger, and William Perry, speaks to former U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry and former U.S. Senator Sam the press after their 2009 Nunn in their global effort to reduce reliance on nuclear weapons, to prevent meeting at the White House. their spread into potentially dangerous hands, and ultimately to end them as a global threat. In January 2007, they published the first in a series of op-eds in The Wall Street Journal linking the vision of a world without nuclear weapons with urgent and substantive steps designed to reduce nuclear dangers. The response was dramatic in the United States and around the globe. The New York Times said the op-eds reframed the global debate on nuclear issues and “sent waves through the global policy establishment.” Leaders from 13 countries responded with similar statements in support of the vision and steps, and in 2009, the United Nations Security Council voted unanimously for a resolution “to create the conditions for a world without nuclear weapons.” The vote included China, Russia, the United States, France and Great Britain. Nuclear Threat Initiative 5 To help build on that global momentum, NTI has sponsored conferences in Oslo, Rome, Berlin, Munich and London for political leaders and experts to help advance the vision and steps toward a world without nuclear weapons. In addition, NTI supports new leadership groups whose common goal is to advance the agenda of the four principals, including the: › Asia Pacific Leadership Network for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (APLN), convened by former Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans. Its membership includes five ormerf prime ministers and 10 former foreign and defense ministers. APLN has representation from the nuclear weapons-possessing states of China, India and Pakistan. › European Leadership Network for Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation (ELN), which includes nearly 60 former senior European political, military and diplomatic figures.
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