Cervicitis PATIENT EDUCATION SERIES

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Cervicitis PATIENT EDUCATION SERIES What is cervicitis? How is it diagnosed? Cervicitis is a general term describing inflamma- Your provider may run tests on the cervical or tion of the cervix. The cervix is the neck like part vaginal discharge to determine what organism is of the uterus that opens into the vagina. causing the inflammation. How does it occur? How is it treated? Infections by bacteria or viruses are common Treatment for cervicitis is usually very successful. causes of cervicitis. Often the infections are Treatment usually requires that you take a course transmitted by sexual contact. Examples of of antibiotics. Take all of the medication you are cervical infections include bacterial vaginosis, given, even if the symptoms start to go away before trichomonas, gonorrhea, chlamydia, ureaplasma, the medicine is gone. If you stop taking the medi- mycoplasma and herpes. Frequent douching may cine, you may leave some of the infection in your also be associated with cervicitis. Some of these body. See your medical provider again for a follow- microorganisms, if left untreated, may ascend into up visit to insure that the treatment was effective. the female reproductive tract to infect the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, and result in pelvic inflam- If you are sexually active, and your cervicitis matory disease (PID). PID is a serious condition is due to an STI, it is very important that any which can damage reproductive organs and pos- sexual partner(s) within the past 60 days be treated sibly lead to infertility. as well. If you are treated and a sexual partner is not, you may become reinfected if the partner still What are the symptoms? has the organism. During treatment, it is impor- Cervicitis may produce symptoms in women such tant to abstain from intercourse or any exchange of as: genital fluids. If treatment is a single dose, then you • a vaginal discharge that is not normal should abstain from sex for the seven days follow- for you ing. If given a seven day course of antibiotics, part- • discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen, ners, should abstain for that seven day time period. including after sexual intercourse Untreated male partners can develop infections in • bleeding or spotting from the vagina the urethra, testicles and/or prostate gland. 100% after intercourse or between menstrual use of condoms and dental dams is advised for the periods best STI protection. 1/14 Cervicitis may produce no symptoms at all and may go undetected until your medical provider discovers the inflammation during a routine pelvic exam. BROWN UNIVERSITY HEALTH SERVICES | www.brown.edu/health | 401.863-3953.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Reference Sheet 1
MALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 8 7 8 OJ 7 .£l"00\.....• ;:; ::>0\~ <Il '"~IQ)I"->. ~cru::>s ~ 6 5 bladder penis prostate gland 4 scrotum seminal vesicle testicle urethra vas deferens FEMALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 2 1 8 " \ 5 ... - ... j 4 labia \ ""\ bladderFallopian"k. "'"f"";".'''¥'&.tube\'WIT / I cervixt r r' \ \ clitorisurethrauterus 7 \ ~~ ;~f4f~ ~:iJ 3 ovaryvagina / ~ 2 / \ \\"- 9 6 adapted from F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System Reference Sheet 3: GLOSSARY Anus – The opening in the buttocks from which bowel movements come when a person goes to the bathroom. It is part of the digestive system; it gets rid of body wastes. Buttocks – The medical word for a person’s “bottom” or “rear end.” Cervix – The opening of the uterus into the vagina. Circumcision – An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Cowper’s Glands – Glands on either side of the urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra when a man gets an erection, making it less acid-like to protect the sperm. Clitoris – The part of the female genitals that’s full of nerves and becomes erect. It has a glans and a shaft like the penis, but only its glans is on the out side of the body, and it’s much smaller. Discharge – Liquid. Urine and semen are kinds of discharge, but the word is usually used to describe either the normal wetness of the vagina or the abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the penis or vagina. Duct – Tube, the fallopian tubes may be called oviducts, because they are the path for an ovum.
[Show full text]
Ovarian Cancer and Cervical Cancer
What Every Woman Should Know About Gynecologic Cancer R. Kevin Reynolds, MD The George W. Morley Professor & Chief, Division of Gyn Oncology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI What is gynecologic cancer? Cancer is a disease where cells grow and spread without control. Gynecologic cancers begin in the female reproductive organs. The most common gynecologic cancers are endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and cervical cancer. Less common gynecologic cancers involve vulva, Fallopian tube, uterine wall (sarcoma), vagina, and placenta (pregnancy tissue: molar pregnancy). Ovary Uterus Endometrium Cervix Vagina Vulva What causes endometrial cancer? Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer: one out of every 40 women will develop endometrial cancer. It is caused by too much estrogen, a hormone normally present in women. The most common cause of the excess estrogen is being overweight: fat cells actually produce estrogen. Another cause of excess estrogen is medication such as tamoxifen (often prescribed for breast cancer treatment) or some forms of prescribed estrogen hormone therapy (unopposed estrogen). How is endometrial cancer detected? Almost all endometrial cancer is detected when a woman notices vaginal bleeding after her menopause or irregular bleeding before her menopause. If bleeding occurs, a woman should contact her doctor so that appropriate testing can be performed. This usually includes an endometrial biopsy, a brief, slightly crampy test, performed in the office. Fortunately, most endometrial cancers are detected before spread to other parts of the body occurs Is endometrial cancer treatable? Yes! Most women with endometrial cancer will undergo surgery including hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) in addition to removal of ovaries and lymph nodes.
[Show full text]
Echography of the Cervix and Uterus During the Proliferative and Secretory Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Bonnet Monkeys (Macaca Radiata)
Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Vol 53, No 1 Copyright 2014 January 2014 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 18–23 Echography of the Cervix and Uterus during the Proliferative and Secretory Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Bonnet Monkeys (Macaca radiata) Uddhav K Chaudhari,1,* Siddnath M Metkari,2 Dhyananjay D Manjaramkar,2 Geetanjali Sachdeva,1 Rajendra Katkam,1 Atmaram H Bandivdekar,3 Abhishek Mahajan,4 Meenakshi H Thakur,4 and Sanjiv D Kholkute1 We undertook the present study to investigate the echographic characteristics of the uterus and cervix of female bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) during the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. The cervix was tortuous in shape and measured 2.74 ± 0.30 cm (mean ± SD) in width by 3.10 ± 0.32 cm in length. The cervical lumen contained 2 or 3 col- liculi, which projected from the cervical canal. The echogenicity of cervix varied during proliferative and secretory phases. The uterus was pyriform in shape (2.46 ± 0.28 cm × 1.45 ± 0.19 cm) and consisted of serosa, myometrium, and endometrium. The endometrium generated a triple-line pattern; the outer and central lines were hyperechogenic, whereas the inner line was hypoechogenic. The endometrium was significantly thicker during the secretory phase (0.69 ± 0.12 cm) than during the proliferative phase (0.43 ± 0.15 cm). Knowledge of the echogenic changes in the female reproductive organs of bonnet monkeys during a regular menstrual cycle may facilitate understanding of other physiologic and pathophysiologic changes. Ultrasound imaging is a noninvasive, atraumatic, and simple Materials and Methods method to assess various organs in humans and nonhuman pri- Animals and husbandry practices.
[Show full text]
Sexually Transmitted Infections DST-1007 Mucopurulent Cervicitis (MPC)
Certified Practice Area: Reproductive Health: Sexually Transmitted Infections DST-1007 Mucopurulent Cervicitis (MPC) DST-1007 Mucopurulent Cervicitis (MPC) DEFINITION Inflammation of the cervix with mucopurulent or purulent discharge from the cervical os. POTENTIAL CAUSES Bacterial: • Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) • Neisserria gonorrhoeae (GC) Viral: • herpes simplex virus (HSV) Protozoan: • Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) Non-STI: • chemical irritants • vaginal douching • persistent disruption of vaginal flora PREDISPOSING RISK FACTORS • sexual contact where there is transmission through the exchange of body fluids • sexual contact with at least one partner • sexual contact with someone with confirmed positive laboratory test for STI • incomplete STI medication treatment • previous STI TYPICAL FINDINGS Sexual Health History • may be asymptomatic • sexual contact with at least one partner • increased abnormal vaginal discharge • dyspareunia • bleeding after sex or between menstrual cycles • external or internal genital lesions may be present with HSV infection • sexual contact with someone with confirmed positive laboratory test for STI Physical Assessment Cardinal Signs • mucopurulent discharge from the cervical os (thick yellow or green pus) and /or friability of the cervix (sustained bleeding after swabbing gently) BCCNM-certified nurses (RN(C)s) are responsible for ensuring they reference the most current DSTs, exercise independent clinical judgment and use evidence to support competent, ethical care. NNPBC January 2021. For more information or to provide feedback on this or any other decision support tool, email mailto:[email protected] Certified Practice Area: Reproductive Health: Sexually Transmitted Infections DST-1007 Mucopurulent Cervicitis (MPC) The following may also be present: • abnormal change in vaginal discharge • cervical erythema/edema Other Signs • cervicitis associated with HSV infection: o cervical lesions usually present o may have external genital lesions with swollen inguinal nodes Notes: 1.
[Show full text]
Caring for Yourself After Your Cone Biopsy of the Cervix | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
PATIENT & CAREGIVER EDUCATION Caring for Yourself After Your Cone Biopsy of the Cervix This information explains how to care for yourself after a cone biopsy of your cervix. About Your Cone Biopsy of the Cervix Your cervix is the bottom part of your uterus. It connects your uterus to your vagina (see Figure 1). It’s the part of your uterus that dilates (opens) during childbirth. When you have your period, menstrual blood flows through your cervix to your vagina and out of your body. Figure 1. Uterus, cervix, and vagina Caring for Yourself After Your Cone Biopsy of the Cervix 1/3 During a cone biopsy, your doctor will remove a small, cone-shaped part of your cervix. They will study it under a microscope to look for abnormal cells. It usually takes about 4 to 6 weeks for your cervix to heal after this procedure. Caring for Yourself at Home In the first 24 hours after your procedure: Drink 8 to 12 (8-ounce) glasses of liquids. Eat well-balanced, healthy meals. The first 4 days after your procedure, you may have vaginal discharge that looks like menstrual bleeding. The amount varies for everyone. Over the next 2 to 3 weeks after your procedure, your vaginal discharge will become clear and watery and then will stop. Use sanitary pads for vaginal discharge. For 4 to 6 weeks after your procedure or until your doctor tells you your cervix is healed: Don’t put anything inside your vagina (such as tampons and douches) or have vaginal intercourse. Take showers instead of baths.
[Show full text]
Colposcopy of the Uterine Cervix
THE CERVIX: Colposcopy of the Uterine Cervix • I. Introduction • V. Invasive Cancer of the Cervix • II. Anatomy of the Uterine Cervix • VI. Colposcopy • III. Histology of the Normal Cervix • VII: Cervical Cancer Screening and Colposcopy During Pregnancy • IV. Premalignant Lesions of the Cervix The material that follows was developed by the 2002-04 ASCCP Section on the Cervix for use by physicians and healthcare providers. Special thanks to Section members: Edward J. Mayeaux, Jr, MD, Co-Chair Claudia Werner, MD, Co-Chair Raheela Ashfaq, MD Deborah Bartholomew, MD Lisa Flowers, MD Francisco Garcia, MD, MPH Luis Padilla, MD Diane Solomon, MD Dennis O'Connor, MD Please use this material freely. This material is an educational resource and as such does not define a standard of care, nor is intended to dictate an exclusive course of treatment or procedure to be followed. It presents methods and techniques of clinical practice that are acceptable and used by recognized authorities, for consideration by licensed physicians and healthcare providers to incorporate into their practice. Variations of practice, taking into account the needs of the individual patient, resources, and limitation unique to the institution or type of practice, may be appropriate. I. AN INTRODUCTION TO THE NORMAL CERVIX, NEOPLASIA, AND COLPOSCOPY The uterine cervix presents a unique opportunity to clinicians in that it is physically and visually accessible for evaluation. It demonstrates a well-described spectrum of histological and colposcopic findings from health to premalignancy to invasive cancer. Since nearly all cervical neoplasia occurs in the presence of human papillomavirus infection, the cervix provides the best-defined model of virus-mediated carcinogenesis in humans to date.
[Show full text]
Fitz-Hugh–Curtis Syndrome
Gynecol Surg (2011) 8:129–134 DOI 10.1007/s10397-010-0642-8 REVIEW ARTICLE Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome Ch. P. Theofanakis & A. V. Kyriakidis Received: 25 October 2010 /Accepted: 14 November 2010 /Published online: 7 December 2010 # Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome is characterized by Background perihepatic inflammation appearing with pelvic inflamma- tory disease (PID), mostly in women of childbearing age. The Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome, perihepatitis associated Acute pain and tenderness in the right upper abdomen is the with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) [1], was first most common symptom that makes women visit the described by Carlos Stajano in 1920 to the Society of emergency rooms. It can also emerge with fever, nausea, Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Montevideo in Uruguay vomiting, and, in fewer cases, pain in the left upper [2]. Ten years later, in 1930, Thomas Fitz-Hugh and Arthur abdomen. It seems that the pathogens that are mostly Curtis took the description of the syndrome one step further responsible for this situation is Chlamydia trachomatis and by connecting the acute clinical syndrome of right upper Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Because of its characteristics, quadrant pain due to pelvic infection with the “violin- differential diagnosis for this syndrome is a constant, as it string” adhesions (Fig. 1) present in women with signs of mimics many known diseases, such as cholelithiasis, prior salpingitis [3, 4]. After having studied several cases of cholecystitis, and pulmonary embolism. The development patients with gonococcal disease, baring these adhesions of CT scanning provided diagnosticians with a very useful between the liver and the abdominal wall, Curtis demon- tool in the process of recognizing and analyzing the strated a couple of years later that these signs are absent in syndrome.
[Show full text]
CERVICAL CANCER About Gynecologic Cancer
CERVICAL CANCER About Gynecologic Cancer There are five main types of cancer that affect a woman’s reproductive organs: cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginal, and vulvar. As a group, they are referred to as gynecologic (GY-neh-kuh-LAH-jik) cancer. (A sixth type of gynecologic cancer is the very rare fallopian tube cancer.) This fact sheet about cervical cancer is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Inside Knowledge: About Gynecologic Cancer campaign. The campaign helps women get the facts about gynecologic cancer, providing important “inside knowledge” about their bodies and health. What is cervical cancer? Cancer is a disease in which cells Are there tests that can prevent cervical cancer or find it early? in the body grow out of control. There are two tests that can either help prevent cervical cancer or find it early: Cancer is always named for the part of the body where it starts, even if it • Depending on your age, your doctor may recommend you have a Pap spreads to other body parts later. test, or an HPV test, or both tests together. When cancer starts in the • The Pap test (or Pap smear) looks for precancers, cell changes, on the cervix, it is called cervical cancer. cervix that can be treated, so that cervical cancer is prevented. The Pap The cervix is the lower, narrow test also can find cervical cancer early, when treatment is most effective. end of the uterus. The cervix The Pap test only screens for cervical cancer. It does not screen for any connects the vagina (the birth canal) other gynecologic cancer.
[Show full text]
UNDERSTANDING the CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCES of CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE SURVIVORS: a PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY by Caitlin Mathewson Bscn
UNDERSTANDING THE CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCES OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE SURVIVORS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY By Caitlin Mathewson BScN, (McMaster, 2008) A thesis presented to Ryerson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Nursing in the Program of Nursing Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2016 © Caitlin Mathewson 2016 AUTHOR'S DECLARATION I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I authorize Ryerson University to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize Ryerson University to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii UNDERSTANDING THE CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCES OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE SURVIVORS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY Abstract By Caitlin Mathewson Master of Nursing Ryerson University, Toronto, 2016 This study describes the childbirth experiences of survivors of childhood sexual abuse using an interpretative phenomenological approach. Data collection involved in-depth, semi-structured interviews of four women who gave birth to a baby within the last five years. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, three superordinate themes emerged: control, anxiety, and detachment. This contributes to the current body of research by extending knowledge on what it means to experience childbirth for survivors of childhood sexual abuse, told by the woman herself. These findings are especially important in understanding what is required in providing safe, sensitive care for all childbearing women, and has important implications for practice, education, and further research.
[Show full text]
Ovarian Differences Cow Mare
Animal/Dairy Science 434 Female comparative anatomy; History of Reproductive Physiology Ovarian Differences Cow Mare Sow Cow Cow, Sow, Ewe, Human Sow • Cortex on outside • Ovulation can occur on any point of the ovary Preovulatory Tertiary Follicle Mare Blood vessels and connective tissue in medulla • Inversion of the cortex and medulla • Ovulation occurs at the Ovulation Fossa Internal CL Cow Mare Rabbit, Oposum Duplex Mouse 2 Uterine Horns 2 2 Cervixes 1 Vaginas Vagina Uterine and Cervical Differences Cow Sow Mare Cow Bicornuate Sow Ewe Smaller uterine horns 1 Vagina 1 Cervix Large 1 Uterine Body uterine 2 Uterine Horns horns Bicornuate Mare Large uterine body 1 Vagina Smaller uterine horns 1 Cervix 1 Uterine Body 2 Uterine Horns Bicornuate Bitch (Canine) Queen (Feline) 1 Vagina 1 Cervix 1 Uterine Body 2 Uterine Horns Small uterine body Long uterine horns Simplex Woman Large uterine body 1 Vagina No uterine horns 1 Cervix 1 Uterine Body Human Tract Human Tract A 47-year old woman underwent a hysterectomy for excessively heavy menses. She had previously had four normal deliveries. This structure was removed, what is wrong? COW Uterine Body Internal Cervical Os • Cervix is composed of thick connective tissue • Mucus is secreted near the time of Cow has 4-5 breeding and annular rings ovulation. Cervix External Cervical Os Vagina Uterine Body Uterine Body Longitudinal Mare Folds Sow No obstacles Interdigitating pads No fornix vagina Fornix Vagina Vagina Vagina Cervical Folds Cervix FV IP Sow Mare External Genitalia Sow Mare Cow Ewe What
[Show full text]
Chlamydia Trachomatis: an Important Sexually Transmitted Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults
Chlamydia Trachomatis: An Important Sexually Transmitted Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults Donald E. Greydanus, MD, and Elizabeth R. McAnarney, MD Rochester, New York Chlamydia trachomatis is being recognized as an important sexually transmitted disease in adolescents and young adults. This report reviews the recent literature regarding the many clinical entities encompassed by this organism; this includes urethritis and cervicitis as well as epididymitis, salpingitis, peritonitis, perihepatitis, urethral syndrome, Reiter syndrome, arthritis, endocarditis, and others. It is emphasized that many aspects of chlamydial infections parallel those of gonorrhea, including incidence, transmission, carrier state, reservoir, complications, (local and systemic), and others. A paragonococcal spectrum of sexual chlamydial disorders is discussed as well as effective antibiotic therapy. This micro biological agent must always be considered if venereal disease is suspected by the clinician in teenagers or adults. Mixed infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonor- rhoeae are common in both males and females. It may be preferable to treat gonorrhea with tetracycline to cover for this possibility. Recent reviews1-3 have implicated Chlamydia ically distinct, causing “nonspecific” urethritis or trachomatis as a major cause of sexually transmit cervicitis, trachoma, and lymphogranuloma vene ted disease (STD) in young adult and presumably reum). adolescent populations in the Western world. The Chlamydia trachomatis infections have been
[Show full text]
Prevention of Salpingitis by a Chlamydia Eradication Control Effort Background
PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY SOURCE DOCUMENT PREVENTION OF SALPINGITIS BY A CHLAMYDIA ERADICATION CONTROL EFFORT BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis causes about 4 to 5 million infections annually in the U.S.1 Since chlamydia became a reportable disease in the U.S. in 1986, the number of cases in both men and women have increased each year to current rates of 290/100,000 women and 52/100,000 men in 19951. The greater number of reported cases in women than men reflects more widespread screening for chlamydia in women than men and the increase in rates also probably reflect increased screening over this time. The prevalence of chlamydia infection is highest for sexually active women aged 15-21 and declines thereafter. However, based upon serum antibody to chlamydia, women continue to become infected until about age 30 at which time the prevalence of chlamydial antibody plateaus at about 50%. The prevalence of chlamydia infection has ranged widely from 3 to 5% in asymptomatic women to over 20% in women seen in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics2. Chlamydia causes well-defined symptomatic infections of the mucosal surfaces of the urethra, cervix, endometrium and fallopian tubes. However, most women with chlamydia have infections at these sites that produce non-specific symptoms or, commonly, no symptoms. It has been demonstrated repeatedly that sexually active populations where little diagnostic testing and specific treatment is being used, the prevalence of infection can reach very high levels because chlamydia is so often asymptomatic. DIAGNOSIS OF CHLAMYDIA Considerable advance has occurred in diagnostic tests for C. trachomatis in the past decade.
[Show full text]