Lake – Basin – Evolution

20–24 May 2016 Zagreb / Croatia

RCMNS Interim Colloquium 2016 Croatian Geological Society Limnogeology Workshop

Program & Abstracts

Zagreb 2016

RCMNS Interim Colloquium 2016 Croatian Geological Society Limnogeology Workshop

20–24 May 2016, Zagreb

Lake – Basin – Evolution

Stratigraphy, Geodynamics, Climate and Diversity of Past and Recent Lacustrine Systems

Program & Abstracts

Hrvatsko geološko društvo / Croatian Geological Society Zagreb 2016 ISBN 978-953-95130-9-0 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Scientific committee

José P. Calvo (University of Madrid) Liviu Matenco (Utrecht University) Wout Krijgsman (Utrecht University) Werner E. Piller (University of Graz) Mathias Harzhauser (NHM Vienna) Frank Wesselingh (Naturalis Leiden) Fabrizio Lirer (IAMC-CNR Napoli) Thomas Wilke (University of Giessen) Imre Magyar (MOL Budapest)

Organization committee - Editors of the volume

Oleg Mandic (NHM Vienna) Karin Sant (Utrecht University) Davor Pavelić (RGNF – Univ. of Zagreb) Nevena Andrić (Univ. Belgrade) Marijan Kovačić (PMF – Univ. of Zagreb) Hazim Hrvatović (FGS Sarajevo)

Technical editing by: Thomas A. Neubauer (Natural History Museum Vienna)

How to cite: Mandic, O., Pavelić, D., Kovačić, M., Sant, K., Andrić, N., Hrvatović, H. (eds.) 2016. Program & Ab- stracts. Lake - Basin - Evolution, RCMNS Interim Colloquium 2016 & Croatian Geological Society Lim- nogeology Workshop, 20-24 May 2016, Zagreb, Croatia. Hrvatsko geološko društvo / Croatian Geo- logical Society. 62 pp. ISBN 978-953-95130-9-0

Wilke, T. 2016. Drilling the oldest lake of Europe – deep-time evolutionary and environmental archive Lake Ohrid. In: Mandic, O., Pavelić, D., Hrvatović, H., Kovačić, M., Andrić, N. Sant, K. (eds). Program & Abstracts. Lake - Basin - Evolution, RCMNS Interim Colloquium 2016 & Croatian Geological Society Limnogeology Workshop, 20-24 May 2016, Zagreb, Croatia. p. 13. Hrvatsko geološko drustvo / Croa- tian Geological Society.

SPONSORS

4 Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface ...... 8

Program ...... 9

PLENARY LECTURE ...... 13 Harzhauser et al.: History of European lake systems – evolution, geodynamics, and climate change 13

SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY ...... 14 T. Wilke: KEYNOTE • Drilling the oldest lake of Europe – deep-time evolutionary and environmental archive Lake Ohrid ...... 14 A. Bertini et al.: Palynology as an indicator of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic changes at Lake Ohrid (south-eastern Europe) during the past 500 ka ...... 14 E. Georgopoulou et al.: European Quaternary: Insights from freshwater gastropods ...... 15 N. Ilijanić et al. A sedimentary record of Late Pleistocene and Holocene environmental changes from lakes on the Eastern Adriatic coast P ...... 16 S. Miko et al.: Late Quaternary evolution of lakes and submerged paleo-karst on the Eastern Adriatic ...... 17 S. Smiljkov et al.: Qualitative composition of the leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea) of Prespa Lake – Republic of Macedonia P ...... 18 C. Wrozyna et al.: Shape variation in Neotropical Cytheridella using semilandmarks-based geometric morphometrics: a methodological approach ...... 18 A.G. Yanchilina et al.: The change in the elevation of the Bosporus sill during the last deglaciation and its role in the delay of the early Holocene marine transgression of the Black Sea-Lake ...... 19

SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY ...... 21 F.P. Wesselingh et al.: KEYNOTE • Documenting mollusc biodiversity rise and demise in long-lived lakes: a combined geo-biological approach ...... 21 D. Botka & I. Magyar: Diversity of Lake Pannon molluscs in the Transylvanian Basin (Romania) P ..... 22 Y. Büyükmeriç: Quaternary Pontocaspian lake phases in the Marmara Sea Basin ...... 23 Y. Büyükmeriç & F.P. Wesselingh: A Late Pleistocene Pontocaspian refuge in the south of Turkey? P 24 V. Csoma et al.: Palaeoecology of Pannonian ostracod faunas from Pécs-Danitzpuszta in S Hungary: a preliminary study P ...... 24 D. Đurić: Latonia gigantea (Anura, Alytidae) from the Middle Miocene of Lake Vračević (Serbia) P ... 25 M. Gross & W.E. Piller: A minute ostracod (Crustacea) from the Miocene Solimões Formation (western Amazonia, Brazil) – Evidence for marine incursions? ...... 25

5 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

V. Hajek-Tadesse et al.: Lacustrine Karpatian to lowermost Badenian ostracods and palynomorphs from Sjeničak section (Croatia) P ...... 26 G. Jovanović: The first paleontological records of dreissenid bivalve larvae in Sarmatian of Serbia P . 28 G. Jovanović & D. Đurić: Mollusks and ectothermic vertebrates from the Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) Lake Vračević (Serbia) ...... 28 T.A. Neubauer et al.: Predictors of shell size in long-lived lake gastropods ...... 30 A. Pisera et al.: The biota of an Arctic Eocene maar lake during a greenhouse environment with an emphasis on the sponges ...... 30 K. Sebe et al.: New data on Karpatian-Badenian freshwater and brackish lacustrine sediments in the Mecsek Mts., Hungary P ...... 31 D. Vasilyan & N. Ognjanova-Rumenova: Pliocene freshwater paleolake Jradzor, Armenia: Preliminary data P ...... 32 W. Wessels et al.: Rodent assemblages from the early Miocene and Oligocene of Bosnia Herzegovina and Serbia ...... 33

SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY ...... 35 W. Krijgsman et al.: KEYNOTE • Dating the lake histories – integrated stratigraphy and correlation of isolated paleoenvironments ...... 35 M. Garcés et al.: Long-term Sedimentary Trends of Neogene Lake Systems of the Iberian Plate ...... 35 T. Kurečić et al.: Stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O) composition of Lake Slavonia mollusks from the Pliocene Viviparus beds in the region of Kravarsko (Cernikian, Central Croatia) P ...... 36 D. Marinović et al.: Subsurface distribution model of the “Post-Cardids” Neogene of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia) P ...... 38 K. Palotás et al.: Sarmatian evaporites in the Zagyva Trough (North Hungary) P ...... 39 L. Rundić et al.: Pliocene lake deposits and the Pliocene/Quaternary boundary at the Fruška Gora (Serbia): an integrated study ...... 40 K. Sant et al.: Late Burdigalian sea retreat from the North Alpine Foreland Basin: new magnetostratigraphic age constraints P ...... 41 K. Sant et al.: A middle Miocene age for the Popovac Lake (Serbia): Ar/Ar dating and magnetostratigraphy in the Serbian Lake System ...... 42 K. Sebe et al.: Linking bio- and chronostratigraphy in Lake Pannon: pyroclastics and biozones in the southwestern Pannonian Basin ...... 43

SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS ...... 45 L. Matenco: KEYNOTE • Lake basin evolution dynamics – tectonic control of depositional processes in isolated settings ...... 45 A. Andrić et al.: The link between tectonics and sedimentation in asymmetric extensional basins: inferences from the study of the Sarajevo-Zenica Basin ...... 46

6 Table of Contents

D. Groß & R.F. Sachsenhofer: Geodynamic controls of organic matter deposition in lacustrine basins: The case of Miocene pull-apart basins in the Eastern Alps ...... 46 J. Jankov et al.: Upper Miocene sedimentation processes in Croatian part of Pannonian basin based on results of 3D seismic interpretation P...... 48 K. Krizmanić et al.: Lake Pannon sedimentation model in the Legrad field area (NW Croatia) ...... 48 E. Márton et al.: Tectonically oriented paleomagnetic study of the Pag and Drniš-Sinj intramontane basins, External Dinarides ...... 49 E. Mencin et al.: Plio-Quaternary intramountain basins of southeastern Slovenia: first steps towards landscape evolution model P ...... 50 O. Sztanó et al.: Correlation of Late Miocene lacustrine to fluvial lithostratigraphic units in the Danube–Kisalföld Basin (Slovakia, Hungary) P ...... 51 M. van Unen et al.: Structural analyses and petroleum potential along regional transects across the Dinarides mountain chains P ...... 52 D. Životić et al.: Organic geochemical and maceral composition of coal and shales from the Ibar lacustrine basin (south Serbia) P ...... 53 N. Zupan Hajna et al.: Age of karst sediments in SW Slovenia ...... 55

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ...... 57

7 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Preface

Lacustrine basins are dynamic depositional systems depending on regional climate and geodynamic settings. Their isolation may lead to diversification of endemic faunas that complicate biostratigraphic correlations and palaeoecological assessments. Even today, age constraints for a number of prom- inent lacustrine complexes are inadequately resolved. Improved time resolution relies on the thor- ough integration of multiproxy data. For that reason, the Regional Committee on Mediterranean Neogene Stratigraphy (RCMNS) decided to devote a special Interim Colloquium to this particular topic. The Dinarides area of Croatia provides the ideal geological setting of an active fold and thrust belt that separated the Mediterrane- an and Paratethys basins and recorded an extended history in lacustrine deposition. Those basins offer spectacular examples how geodynamic processes controlled duration and depositional modes in lacustrine systems. Several of the Neogene-Quaternary lakes became evolutionary hotspots. Large-scale research projects such as the Lake Ohrid deep drilling (SCOPSCO, PI Thomas Wilke), the Freshwater Gastropods of the European Neogene (FreshGEN, PI Mathias Harzhauser), the Pontocas- pian biodiversity Rise and Demise (PRIDE, PI Frank Wesselingh), and the Evolution of the Paratethys (NWO, PI Wout Krijgsman) show the interest in lacustrine systems and biotic evolution within. The Croatian Geological Society (CGS) represents the key partner responsible for the on-site organization of this meeting, which became integrated into its CGS Limnogeology Workshop. Beside RCMNS and CGS as parent organisations, a great number of national and international scientific bodies and companies became active supporters and sponsors of the meeting – University of Zagreb (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Science), Croatian Natural History Museum, Natural History Museum Vienna, INA-Industrija nafte, Zagreb Tourist Board, Croatian Geo- logical Survey, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, International Union of Sedimentologists, and International Union of Geological Sciences. The 2016 RCMNS Interim Colloquium and CGS Limnogeology Workshop will bring together a variety of experts and disciplines in lacustrine basin research. Stratigraphers, sedimentologists, structural geologists, paleontologists, biologists and geochemists will present current results from their ongoing research and will share their experience. This will lead to new cooperations still better integrating the constantly growing knowledge toward a new synthesis of the still underexplored field of limnogeology.

The Organization Team

8 Program

Program

Friday, 20 May 2016

EXCURSION 1 NW Croatia (Mt. Medvednica – Hrvatsko Zagorje – Zagreb)

08:00 Meeting point - Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottieva 1 (45.806911, 15.964327)

OPENING CEREMONY Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1

18:30 Registration

19:00 Welcome notes by organisors and umbrella organizations Oleg Mandic – Organisation Committtee Wout Krijgsman – Regional Committee on Mediterranean Neogene Stratigraphy Lilit Cota – Croatian Geological Society

19:15 Welcome notes by sponsors Niko Dalić – INA (Industrija nafte, d.d.) Zoran Nakić – RGN (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb) Jasenka Sremac – PMF (Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb) Josip Halamić – HGI (Croatian Geological Survey) Ivan Gušić – HAZU (Croatian Academy of Sciences) Tatjana Vlahović – HPM (Croatian Natural History Museum)

19:45 PLENARY LECTURE • Mathias Harzhauser: History of European lake systems – evolution, geodynamics, and climate change

20:30 Katarina Krizmanić: Introduction to Croatian Natural History Museum

20:45 Ice breaker party and guided tours

Saturday, 21 May 2016

PRESENTATIONS AND POSTER SESSIONS Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Pierottieva 1

08:00 Registration 9 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Session A. LIMNOGEOLOGY – RECENT LAKES AS BIOTIC AND CLIMATE ARCHIVES Chair: Nada Horvatinčić

08:30 KEYNOTE • Thomas Wilke: Drilling the oldest lake of Europe – deep-time evolutionary and environmental archive Lake Ohrid 09:00 Adele Bertini: Palynology as an indicator of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic changes at Lake Ohrid (south-eastern Europe) during the past 500 ka 09:15 Claudia Wrozyna: Shape variation in Neotropical Cytheridella using semilandmarks- based geometric morphometrics: a methodological approach 09:30 Anastasia G. Yanchilina: The change in the elevation of the Bosporus sill during the last deglaciation and its role in the delay of the early Holocene marine transgression of the Black Sea-Lake 09:45 Slobodan Miko: Late Quaternary Evolution of Lakes and submerged paleo-karst on the Eastern Adriatic 10:00 Elisavet Georgopoulou: European Quaternary: Insights from freshwater gastropods

10:15 Coffee break & Poster session A-B

Session B. PALEOBIOLOGY – DIVERSITY AND ENVIRONMENTS IN PAST LACUSTRINE ECO- SYSTEMS Chair: Mathias Harzhauser

11:00 KEYNOTE • Frank P. Wesselingh: Evolution and biodiversity change – lessons from Amazonian and Pontocaspian Lake Basins 11:30 Yeşim Büyükmeriç: Quaternary Pontocaspian lake phases in the Marmara Sea Basin 11:45 Martin Gross: A minute ostracod (Crustacea) from the Miocene Solimões Formation (western Amazonia, Brazil) – Evidence for marine incursions? 12:00 Andrzej Pisera: The Biota of an Arctic Eocene Maar Lake During a Greenhouse Envi- ronment with an Emphasis on the Sponge 12:15 Gordana Jovanović: Mollusks and ectothermic vertebrates from the Middle Mio- cene (Sarmatian) Lake Vračević (Serbia) 12:30 Thomas A. Neubauer: Predictors of shell size in long-lived lake gastropods

12:45 Lunch break at Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering & Poster Ses- sion A-D

10 Program

Session C. STRATIGRAPHY / HISTORICAL GEOLOGY Chair: Imre Magyar

14:00 KEYNOTE • Wout Krijgsman: Dating the lake histories – integrated stratigraphy and correlation of isolated paleoenvironments 14:30 Karin Sant: A middle Miocene age for the Popovac Lake (Serbia): Ar/Ar dating and magnetostratigraphy in the Serbian Lake System 14:45 Miguel Garcés: Long-term Sedimentary Trends of Neogene Lake Systems of the Ibe- rian Plate 15:00 Wilma Wessels: Rodent assemblages from the early Miocene and Oligocene of Bos- nia Herzegovina and Serbia 15:15 Krisztina Sebe: Linking bio- and chronostratigraphy in Lake Pannon: pyroclastics and biozones in the southwestern Pannonian Basin 15:30 Ljupko Rundić: Pliocene lake deposits and the Pliocene/Quaternary boundary at the Fruška gora (Serbia): an integrated study

15:45 Coffee break & Poster session C-D

Session D. GEODYNAMICS – SEDIMENTARY SYSTEMS Chair: Davor Pavelić

16:30 KEYNOTE • Liviu Matenco: Lake basin evolution dynamics – tectonic control of depositional processes in isolated settings 17:00 Nevena Andrić: The link between tectonics and sedimentation in asymmetric extensional basins: inferences from the study of the Sarajevo-Zenica Basin 17:15 Doris Groß: Geodynamic controls of organic matter deposition in lacustrine basins: The case of Miocene pull-apart basins in the Eastern Alps 17:30 Krešimir Krizmanić: Lake Pannon sedimentation model in the Legrad field area (NW Croatia) 17:45 Nadja Zupan Hajna: Age of karst sediments in SW Slovenia 18:00 Emő Márton: Tectonically oriented paleomagnetic study of the Pag and Drniš-Sinj intramontane basins, External Dinarides

11 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

CLOSING CEREMONY

18:15 Koraljka Bakrač / Marijan Kovačić: RCMNS IC 2017

18:25 Notes by organisators and and umbrella organizations / Discussion Oleg Mandic: Conference summary, proceeding volume and next venue Wout Krijgsman: Note by RCMNS Lilit Cota: Note by the Croatian Geological Society

18:45 Light drinks

SOCIAL DINNER

19:30 Location - Pivnica Medvedgrad, Ilica 49 (45.813146, 15.967988)

Sunday, 22 May 2016 – Tuesday, 24 May 2016

EXCURSION 2 Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina (Plitvice – Vrana – Sinj – Livno – Tomislavgrad – Kupres – Bugojno - Kakanj)

08:00 Meeting point - Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ulica 1 (45.806911, 15.964327)

12 Abstracts • SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY

ABSTRACTS

PLENARY LECTURE

History of European lake systems – evolu- rising rate of endemism are all largely con- tion, geodynamics, and climate change trolled by the varied presence of long-lived lakes. The underlying mechanism for this pat- Harzhauser, M., Neubauer, T.A., Kroh, A., tern is the ongoing continentalization of Eu- Georgopoulou, E., Mandic, O. rope triggered by the Alpidic Orogenesis and the simultaneous retreat of the Paratethys Sea. Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural As shown by the alternation of the biogeo- History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, graphic regions through time, the changing Austria shorelines of the Paratethys had a massive impact on the evolution of surrounding fresh- The title of the current RCMNS Interim Collo- water systems. quium links the biologic developments in past Climate, in contrast, was surprisingly less and recent lacustrine systems with abiotic fac- important in constraining lacustrine biodiversi- tors such as climate and geodynamics. During ty. A major exception from this observation is the last years the FreshGEN working group the impact of the Pleistocene glacials. This tried to decipher these relations based on an dramatic event caused the near complete loss extensive data collection on spatial and tem- of caenogastropod-dominated lakes, which poral distributions of Neogene to Recent were often characterised by eye-catching radi- freshwater gastropods. We chose gastropods ations of hydrobiids and melanopsids. What as model organisms because these molluscs remained after the crises were pulmonates- are speciose, systematically comparatively well dominated lakes. Even these pioneer assem- understood and have a rich fossil record. The blages were hit by the expansion of the ice database allows studying the evolutionary pat- shields. Still, the distribution of European lim- terns in individual lakes through time – e.g. in nic gastropods at least partially carries the Lake Pannon – and to describe large-scale pat- imprint of the last Ice Age. The differences in terns on a European scale. Our data strongly species richness and composition of modern indicate that geodynamics, respectively the lakes point toward a gradual, ongoing process formation and demise of large and long-lived of species recolonization after deglaciation. sedimentary basins, is the main driving force in Hence, the Holocene biotic development in lacustrine biogeography. The large-scale Europeans lakes is “work in progress”, which is changes of the community composition on the strongly threatened by anthropogenic habitat family level, differences of the relative species destruction. richnesses per biogeographic regions and the

13 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY

KEYNOTE not indicate the occurrence of catastrophic environmental events, i.e., events that lead to Drilling the oldest lake of Europe – sudden drastic regime shifts and thus potential- deep-time evolutionary and environmental ly to mass extinction. archive Lake Ohrid Combined evidence from geological, paleolimnological, and biological data suggest that Wilke, T. the extraordinary biodiversity in Lake Ohrid is largely driven by i) the long and continuous Justus Liebig University Giessen, Department of Ani- existence of the lake, ii) the lack of catastrophic mal Ecology and Systematics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, events during its lifetime, and iii) a high ecosys- 35392 Giessen, Germany tem resilience. The cumulative effect of these factors might have resulted in overall low ex- Ancient Lake Ohrid on the Balkan Peninsula tinction rates and continuous speciation events. constitutes the oldest and most biodiverse These findings highlight the role of catastrophic freshwater lake in Europe. The processes gen- or near-catastrophic events in shaping patterns erating this amazing species richness with a of extant biodiversity in isolated ecosystems. high share of endemic taxa, however, are not fully understood. In order to unravel the geological, envi- Palynology as an indicator of paleoenvironmental, and evolutionary history of the lake ronmental and paleoclimatic changes at and to infer the influence of major geological Lake Ohrid (south-eastern Europe) during and environmental events on the evolutionary the past 500 ka trajectories of its endemic taxa, an international research initiative – the SCOPSCO drilling pro- Bertini, A.1, Sadori, L.2, Combourieu-Nebout, ject – was launched. The project combines sed- N.3, Donders, T.H.4, Kouli, K.5, Koutsodendris, imentological, tephro-stratigraphical, seismic, A.6, Joannin, S.7, Masi, A.2, Mercuri, A.M.8, and paleontological studies of lake sediment Panagiotopoulos, K.9, Peyron, O.7, Sinopoli, G.2, cores with molecular-dating and empirical Torri, P.8, Wagner, B.10 modelling approaches applied to extant taxa.

Preliminary analyses of sediment core and 1Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di borehole logging data from drill sites with a Firenze, Firenze, Italy maximum penetration depth of 569 m below 2Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di lake floor suggest that Lake Ohrid reached Roma “La Sapienza”, Italy deep-water conditions c. 1.3 Ma ago. The age of 3Département de Préhistoire, Muséum national its oldest sediments is c. 2.0 Ma. Moreover, d’Histoire naturelle, Institut de Paléontologie Hu- seismic data, fossil information, and coarse- maine, Paris, France 4 grained sediments in the basal cores revealed Palaeoecology, Department of Physical Geography, that Lake Ohrid had no marine origin, as it was Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands speculated in the past. Interestingly, high- resolution data for the last 0.65 Ma so far do

14 Abstracts • SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY

5Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment, National 42. The complete record of changes in flora and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, composition and vegetational structure during Greece both glacials and interglacials will furnish indis- 6 Paleoenvironmental Dynamics Group, Institute of pensable insights for understanding the role of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, refugia, ecosystem resilience and maintenance Germany 7 of terrestrial biodiversity in the Mediterranean CNRS UMR 5554, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpel- area. lier, France 8Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy European Quaternary: Insights from 9 Institute of Geography and Education, University of freshwater gastropods Cologne, Cologne, Germany 10Institute for Geology and Mineralogy, University of Georgopoulou, E., Neubauer, T.A., Harzhauser, Cologne, Cologne, Germany M., Kroh, A., Mandic, O.

Lake Ohrid (Balkan peninsula) is the deepest, Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural largest and oldest extant lake in Europe. Such a History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, unique, terrestrial natural archive is especially Austria relevant for both paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstructions but also for ge- The first detailed study of Quaternary biogeo- netic studies. In the frame of the International graphical patterns of freshwater faunas based Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP), a on spatial and temporal analyses is presented. deep drilling campaign was carried out within Six distinct time intervals of the Quaternary, i.e. the scope of the Scientific Collaboration on Past Gelasian, Calabrian, Middle Pleistocene, Last Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid (SCOPSCO) Interglacial, Last Glacial and Holocene, were project in 2013. Here, we present the summary investigated. Turnover rates and potential dif- of palynological analyses carried out in the up- ferences in species richness were explored. Late per 200 m of the overall 569 m long DEEP site Pliocene records were also included in order to sediment succession from the central part of evaluate the magnitude of the Plio-Pleistocene the lake. These studies, performed by an inter- turnover. Changes in species geographical national palynological team, document the ranges among the predefined time intervals main floristic, vegetation and climate changes were checked for nested patterns using nest- during the last ca 500 ka, at a millennial-scale edness analysis. resolution (~1.6 ka). The continuous sediment 398 freshwater gastropod species were infill permitted to trace multiple non forest- recorded across 1129 European Quaternary ed/forested phases as a response to glacial- localities. Species richness differed significantly interglacial cycles as well as to sub-Milankovitch among the studied time intervals, mainly re- climate changes. The pollen record, corre- flecting the differences between the intervals’ sponding with marine isotope stages MIS 13 durations. Turnover was low among the Qua- (p.p.) to MIS 1, points to a progressive change ternary intervals, but high at the Plio- from cooler and wetter to warmer and drier Pleistocene boundary. Species ranges were interglacials. New palynological studies are significantly nested in all time intervals; nested- underway to reconstruct vegetational and cli- ness was highest for the Late Pleistocene and matic conditions over older intervals as well as Holocene. to obtain high resolution data for some key Highly endemic aquatic systems (e.g. the intervals such as MIS 5–6, MIS 11–12, MIS 35– long-lived lakes Bresse and Tiberino) are re-

15 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume sponsible for increased species richness during lake sediments on the eastern Adriatic coast the Early Pleistocene. Fluvial and/or lacustrine (Lake Vrana on the Island Cres, Bokanjačko bla- systems with short temporal durations mostly to, Lake Vrana near Biograd and Lake Baćina- account for diverse assemblages of the Middle Crniševo) and they enabled reconstruction to Late Pleistocene and Holocene. The gradual paleoenvironmental conditions from the late loss of provincialism during the Quaternary is Pleistocene until present. Due to the proximity reflected in the decreasing turnover rate and of the sea and permeable karst, the lake levels increasing nestedness. The demise of long-lived are influenced significantly by the sea level rise lakes and their rich, endemic faunas at the end during the Holocene. Lakes represent typical of the Pliocene is related to the Plio-Pleistocene karst lakes dominated by carbonate sedimenta- boundary turnover event. The prevalence of tion, with periodic siliciclastic input. In every generalist species with wide geographical rang- lake, three periods can be distinguished, the es during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene is beginning of the Holocene with increased ero- indicated by an increase of nestedness, parallel- sion and higher concentrations of siliciclastic ing the retreat of long-lived lakes and a declin- material, middle Holocene with formation of ing speciation rate. Holocene patterns of spe- deeper lakes and carbonate sedimentation, and cies’ distributions are a result of recolonization Late Holocene characterised by erosion of si- of formerly glaciated areas following deglacia- liciclastic material as a result of deforestation tion after the Last Glacial Maximum. and human impact. Deposition of the siliciclastic material in Lake Vrana near Biograd lasted until 9.1 ka BP, when carbonate lake sedimen- A sedimentary record of Late Pleistocene tation started and the lake was formed. At the and Holocene environmental changes from end of the period from 9.6 to 9.1 ka BP the dark lakes on the Eastern Adriatic coast P organic rich sediment was deposited. The marine influence on the Lake Vrana sediments is Ilijanić, N., Slobodan, M., Ozren, H., evident after 6.1 ka BP. The present lake water Koraljka, B. conditions (alternating seasonal changes in the salinity, freshwater-brackish) were established Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10 000 Za- at 3.8 ka BP. Deposition of homogenous car- greb, Croatia bonate mud (lake marl) started at 3 ka BP. In Lake Baćina deposition of the siliciclastic mate- Lake sedimentary record was used to recon- rial was very intense from 11.7 to 10 ka BP, and struct paleoenvironmental changes during Late then gradually decline until 7.5 ka BP. Dominant Pleistocene and Holocene along the Croatian carbonate deposition lasted from 7.5 until 4.5 karst region on the Eastern Adriatic. Lake sedi- ka BP, when intensive changes in the sediments ments were studied using multidisciplinary ap- began, observed by the high sand fraction until proach, combining sedimentological, miner- 2.5 ka BP, and in between the alternate inter- alogical and geochemical analysis with paleon- vals were developed with calcite and quartz and tological proxies like pollen, ostracods or dia- those in which only calcite is present. In Bo- toms and dated using radiocarbon absolute kanjačko blato the deposition of siliciclastic dating. The most of the lakes cover the end of material lasted from 10.3 to 6.1 ka BP and then Pleistocene and beginning of the Holocene and gradually decreases until 5.2 ka BP, when car- show the evolution of the lakes and environ- bonate deposition began. In Lake Vrana on the mental changes during the last 12.000 years. Island Cres, the beginning of the Holocene is Paleolimnological research was conducted on characterized by the deposition of the siliciclastic material, but which continues to the middle 16 Abstracts • SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY

Holocene, until 4.5 ka BP when the carbonates in the southern part of the Croatian Adriatic appear. During the Holocene contrasting cli- coast. Due to the permeable nature of karst mate pattern has been identified in the central some of the coastal lakes never developed as Mediterranean. Paleoenvironmental recon- freshwater bodies (Veliko jezero, Mljet Island). structions of investigated lakes on the Eastern Sediment core records show a tight correlation Adriatic coast correlate well with the lakes situ- between sea level rise and lake formation dur- ated north of around 40°N of latitude, which ing early Holocene. Terrestrial paleosol se- are characterised by a wetter early Holocene, quences in the Croatian coastal karst regions followed by relatively drier conditions during are often incomplete due to erosion or non- the middle Holocene and gradually increased deposition. Therefore, accumulation of lake and moisture in the Late Holocene. South of 40°N of marine sediments offer complete and well- latitude there is opposite trend, very dry condi- dated archives spanning through most of the tions in the first half of the Holocene and wet- Holocene. Part of the karstified AdCP is test period during the Mid Holocene followed drowned and its palaeo-dolines and depres- by a progressive aridification, evident in lakes sions of variable size contain up to 900 m of Preola and Pergusa on Sicily. well stratified sediments (Kvarnerić bay, N. Adriatic) as indicated by seismic data. This allows an insight to earlier periods of the Quater- Late Quaternary evolution of lakes and nary. Generally larger karst depressions lie be- submerged paleo-karst on the Eastern tween the islands at present day water depths Adriatic from -40 m to -90 m. These geomorphological and sedimentological landscapes contain ar- Miko, S.1, Ilijanić, N.1, Hasan, O.1, Razum, I.2, chives of climate change and have experienced Durn, T.3, Brunović, D.1, Papatheodorou, G.4, repeated relative sea-level cycles during the Bakrač, K.1, Hajek-Tadesse, V.1, Crmarić, R.5 Quaternary. Between the last interglacial (MIS 5.5, 125 kyr BP) and Holocene (10 kyr cal BP) 1Croatian Geological Survey, Sachova 2, 10000 Za- periods the present submerged depressions of greb, Croatia Kvarnerić bay (-80 to -90 m below present day 2Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, sea level), Valun bay and Lošinjski kanal due to 10000 Zagreb, Croatia submerged sills at various sea depths and the 3 Croatian Hydrocarbon Agency, Miramarska 24, amounts of fresh water feeding the basins dur- 10000 Zagreb, Croatia ing the glacial low-stand favored development 4 Laboratory of Marine Geology & Physical Oceanog- of shallow glacial freshwater lakes. The ongoing raphy, Department of Geology, University of Patras, LoLADRIA (Lost Lake Landscapes of the Eastern 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece 5 Adriatic Shelf) project is using 5–10 m long sed- Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia – Split, Zrinsko-Frankopanska 16, 21000 Split, Croatia iment cores collected from 17 sites (7 lacustrine and 12 marine) along eastern Adriatic coast. The Croatian coastal region is a part of Mari- These sediments allowed multiproxy recon- time Dinaric Alps which coincides with the Adri- structions of the Holocene millennial- and cen- atic Carbonate Platform (AdCP). Some of the tennial-scale environmental change. A land- coastal karst depressions developed into larger scape reconstruction of selected sites, based on lakes. Although not numerous (<10) these Hol- high resolution geophysical methods, allowed ocene lakes are quite evenly distributed along insight into the preserved changes of marine the coast from Istria (Ćepić polje) in the north sediments, submerged landscapes and the to the Baćina lakes and the Neretva river delta morphology of paleo-lakes in Lošinjski kanal, Kvarnerić, Novigradsko more and Karinsko 17 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume more, Pirovački zaljev and Koločepski kanal. The Dominant family is Glossiphonidae, who thickness of paleo-lake sediments varies from was represented by the following species: Glos- 2 m in Karinsko to more than 10 m in Lošinjski siphonia complanata, G. concolor, Alboglos- kanal. Details of environmental change are ex- siphonia heteroclite, Helobdela stagnalis, tracted by integrating mineralogy, lithostratig- Hemiclepsis marginata, Haementeria costata, raphy, biostratigraphy (pollen, foraminifers, then comes family Erpobdellidae with the rep- ostracods, tephrostratigraphy and chemical resentatives Erpobdella octoculata, Dina lineatа stratigraphy, with well-defined 14C AMS radio- and Dina sp., and the families Haemopidae and carbon chronologies. Most of the present day Hirudidae, each represented by one species, lakes along eastern Adriatic coast formed dur- Haemopis sanguisuga and Hirudo medicinalis, ing the early Holocene (Bokanjačko blato, respectively. Most representatives of the fauna Vransko jezero near Biograd, Veliko jezero- of the leeches are found in the littoral zone, and Mljet). Vransko jezero on the Island of Cres least representatives are found in profundal survived from the Pleistocene as probably did zone. Lake Crniševo (Baćina lakes). The LGM lakes of Unlike Prespa Lake, in the Ohrid Lake bio- Lošinjski kanal and Valun bay were flooded at diversity of fauna of the leeches is far greater, onset of the Holocene, while the Pleistocene namely there are 24 described species, of which lake in Pirovac bay was flooded by the sea 8 ky 11 species are endemic, and the rest are cos- cal BP and Veliko jezero on Mljet Island at 3 ky mopolite. cal BP. The Holocene lakes of Čepić polje, Bo- kanjačko blato, Nadinsko blato, Vrgoračko polje and most of the lakes of the Neretva river delta Shape variation in Neotropical Cytheridella ceased to exist during the early 20th century using semilandmarks-based geometric due to human intervention to gain agricultural morphometrics: a methodological lands. approach This work is supported by Croatian Science

Fund Project LoLADRIA (Project no. 9419) and 1 2 1 Wrozyna, C. , Neubauer, T.A. , Meyer, J. , Piller, the EMODnet Geology II project funded by EC 1 W.E. DG Mare.

1University of Graz, Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 26, 8010 Graz, Austria Qualitative composition of the leeches 2Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural (Annelida: Hirudinea) of Prespa Lake – History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Republic of Macedonia P Austria

1 1 2 Non-marine ostracods are a diverse group of Smiljkov, S. , Ilieska, R. , Zikov, M. , Gusheski, 1 1 microcrustaceans which occur in a wide range D. , Nakova, S. of aquatic habitats. Some morphological criteria

1Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and (e.g., size, shape) of ostracods reflect the envi- Mathemathics, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia ronment at the time the ostracod was calcifying 2Institute of Geography, Faculty of Natural Science its carapace. The type and amount of phenotyp- and Mathemathics, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia ic variability can, thus, provide valuable information with regard to relationships between From our research of the representatives of the populations of a species. There is, however, a class Hirudinea (leeches) in Prespa Lake, were conspicuous deficit on studies dealing with sys- found 11 species from 4 different families. tematic investigations on intraspecific morpho-

18 Abstracts • SESSION A. LIMNOGEOLOGY logical variability (of soft and hard parts) within The change in the elevation of the Bospo- and between populations. rus sill during the last deglaciation and its To overcome the problem of addressing role in the delay of the early Holocene ma- only a part of the morphological information, rine transgression of the Black Sea-Lake we applied morphometric analyses to ostracod valves. To test the applicability of geometric Yanchilina, A.G., Ryan, W.B.F, McManus, J.F. morphometrics using a combination of landmarks and semilandmarks for ostracods, we Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia Uni- investigated shape variation among recent and versity, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, United fossil populations of the genus Cytheridella States Daday, 1905. With this study, we aim to investigate the species' intraspecific morphological Evidence of a 95-mbsl paleo-shoreline on all of variability on a supra-regional scale, comparing the Black Sea margins is coincident with persis- living populations from Florida, Yucatán, Co- tent outflow through the Bosporus to the Mar- lombia and Brazil collected during 2009 and mara Sea-Lake when the Black Sea-Lake was at 2015. We performed Generalized least-squares this level during the glacial and deglacial peri- Procrustes Analysis including Relative Warps ods. The positive hydrological balance of precip- analysis based on 8 traditional landmarks and itation and riverine inflow over evaporation 60 semilandmarks defining the valve outline. In kept both of the lakes fresh and outflowing at order to exploit as much morphological infor- the elevation of this paleoshoreline, which was mation as possible, we used left and right well above the global sea level during the glacial valves from adults and instars, including stages and early deglacial periods. Yet, the delayed A-1 to A-4. In total, 508 valves were used for entry of Mediterranean water into the Black the analyses (247 right valves, 261 left valves). Sea-Lake in the early Holocene indicates that The analyses show that the primary pat- the threshold depth of the Bosphorus was tern in shape variation is ontogenetic allometry, much shallower at that time, sitting at 35 mbsl. supporting a clear separation of adults and ju- Reflection profiles, cores, and geochemical veniles. Juveniles are not aligned according to measurements in the form of 14C, δ18O, δ13C, instars. Insufficient differentiation of sexes is and 87Sr/86Sr from all of the Black Sea shelves caused by females with less developed brood are brought together here support a proposed pouches. Disentangling size- and non-size- resolution to this apparent inconsistency in the depending shape changes reveals regional dif- form of a dynamic sill. ferences between populations of the species C. During the glacial period encompassing ilosvayi Daday, 1905 and supports its taxonomic Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3 and 2, erosive distinction from a fossil relative (C. danielopoli outflow lowered the sill to its bedrock minimum Purper, 1974). The regional morphological dif- such that the strong freshwater throughflow ferences of C. ilosvayi indicate genetic diver- kept both the Black Sea-Lake and Marmara Sea- gence and may suggest taxonomic differentia- Lake fresh. The onset of warm and dry condi- tion. tions during the deglacial Bølling/Allerød interval led to a lake-wide regression, a phenomenon that exposed the sill sub-aerially and allowed loose sediment to fill the sill to a much shallower depth. This shallower sill prevented inflow of water from the Mediterranean until the early Holocene, several thousand years

19 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume later after the entry of Mediterranean water its variable connection to the global ocean. This into the Sea of Marmara. It is likely that the presentation features a unique interplay be- phenomenon of a dynamic sill is not unique to tween lacustrine and terrestrial environments the most recent deglaciation but also character- that should be explored in other paleoenviron- ized the MIS 6 to MIS 5 deglacial transition, and mental systems. may be an integral feature of the Black Sea and

20 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

KEYNOTE study driving processes behind speciation and extinction and to relatively easily identify immi- Documenting mollusc biodiversity rise and grant species and track their role in turnover. demise in long-lived lakes: a combined The biodiversity development in two long-lived geo-biological approach lake systems, Miocene Lake Pebas in western Amazonia and the Quaternary Pontocaspian Wesselingh, F.P.1, Jorissen, E.2, Wilke, T.3, Yani- Lake System comprising the Black Sea Basin na, T.4, Anistratenko, V.5, Stoica, M.6, Popa, L.7, (BSB) and Caspian Sea Basin (CSB) are reviewed. van de Velde, S.1, Flecker, R.8, Aygün, G.6, In Miocene Lake Pebas origination appears Büyükmeriҫ, Y.9, Leroy, S.10, Radan, S.11, to have been a relatively gradual process over Kroonenberg, S.12, and the PRIDE team13 millions of years with only few immigrant species playing minor roles (Wesselingh & Salo, 1Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 2006). A diversity drop has been linked to in- RA Leiden, The Netherlands creased marine influence and the fauna went 2 Paleomagnetic Laboratory ‘Fort Hoofddijk’, Utrecht almost entirely extinct with the transition of the University, Utrecht, The Netherlands 3Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics Justus lake system to a fluvio-estuarine system c. Liebig University Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32 IFZ 35392 10 Ma (Hoorn et al., 2010). Drivers behind spe- Giessen, Germany ciation include ecological specialisation ena- 4 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of bling the occupation of dysoxic habitats and Geography, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow 119991, Rus- sia very high predation pressure (Salas-Gizmondi et 5Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of NAS Ukraine, al., 2015). Kiev, Ukraine The Pontocaspian system has undergone 6Department of Geology, Faculty of Geology and very rapid successions of speciation and extinc- Geophysics, Bucharest University, Bucharest, Roma- nia tions in its two million year’s history (e.g. 7"Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural His- Nevesskaja, 2007). The two main basins (BSB, tory Bucharest, Romania CSB) experienced periods of isolation and con- 8Geography department, Bristol University, United nection (Badertscher et al., 2011) and during Kingdom 9Geological engineering department, Bülent Ecevit the Middle-Late Pleistocene Pontocaspian biota University Zonguldak, Turkey in the BSB were pushed into marginal coastal 10 Institute of Environment, Brunel University, Ux- areas during marine ingressions at interglacials. bridge, United Kingdom 11Geoecomar, Bucharest, Romania Speciation bursts are poorly understood but 12Department of Geosciences and Engineering, Delft likely followed major extinctions. The latter can University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands be correlated to interglacial marine intervals in 13 PRIDE: Drivers of Pontocaspian biodiversity RIse the BSB and to major deep regressions in the and DEmise, Marie-Curie Innovative Training Net- work (MSCA-ITN-2014-ETN) CSB (Yanina, 2012). Furthermore, migration of Pontocaspian biota between the basins during Long-lived lakes are laboratories and archives of episodic connections also shaped their faunal evolution (Martens, 1997). Their (semi-) isolat- composition. In the 20th century the Pontocas- ed position makes them model systems to pian biota suffered a severe biodiversity crisis (Kosarev & Jablonskaya, 1994; Grigorovich et 21 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume al., 2003). Although difficult to prove extinction Diversity of Lake Pannon molluscs in the it appears that many of the c. 160 endemic Transylvanian Basin (Romania) P species in the Caspian Sea have been wiped out, apparently as a result of a few immigrant Botka, D.1, Magyar, I.2,3 species only. Pontocaspian coastal habitats in the BSB suffer degradation (Popa et al., 2009) 1Department of Palaeontology, Eötvös Loránd Uni- yet we present a case from the Lake Razim versity, Budapest, Hungary complex in Romania where habitats expanded 2MOL Hungarian Oil and Gas Plc., Budapest, Hungary 3 due to human interference. MTA–MTM–ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, In this review we will show an interactive Budapest, Hungary effort to study and understand anthropogenic turnover and to make a distinction from natural During the Late Miocene, Lake Pannon covered background processes. We document the case most of the Pannonian Basin System, including of Lake Razim and also will elaborate on the the Transylvanian Basin. The estimated age of search of possible refuges in the Caspian Sea. the Pannonian sediments in this basin is be- This contribution is part of the PRIDE pro- tween 11.6 and 9.5 Ma. The younger deposits gram funded through the EU’s Horizon 2020 were eroded due to the tectonic inversion and research and innovation programme under the intense erosion, therefore the thickness of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No Pannonian sequence is only 300 metres. Today, 642973. these sediments occur in an isolated but more or less contiguous area in the central and Badertscher, S. et al. 2011. Nature Geoscience 4: southern part of the basin. The position of the 236–239. original palaeogeographic connection between the Pannonian and Transylvanian Basins is still a Grigorovich, I.A. et al. 2003. Biological Invasions 5: 103–115. matter of debate; it was probably through the Sălaj area (north) and/or the Mureş Valley Hoorn, M.C. et al. 2010. Science 330: 927–931. (south). Kosarev, A.N. & Jablonskaya, E.A. 1994. The Caspian No detailed and comprehensive treatise Sea. SPB Academic Publishers, The Hague. 259 pp. has ever been published on the Pannonian mol- Martens, K. 1997. Trends in Ecology and Evolution luscs of this basin, therefore our first and most 12: 177–182. important objective is the taxonomic revision of the fauna. We collected molluscs from 12 locali- Nevesskaja, L.A. 2007. Paleontological Journal 41: 861–949. ties (Agârbiciu, Bodogaia, Chibed, Cristuru Secuiesc, Gârbova de Jos, Gârbovița, Gușterița, Popa, O.E. et al. 2009. Travaux du Museum Lopadea Veche, Mihalț, Oarba de Mureș, Tău d’Histoire Naturelle Grigore Antipa 52: 7–15. and Vingard), and compare them with the pub- Salas Gizmondi, R. et al. 2015. Proceedings of the lished data. We investigate the collections of Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 282: the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Buda- 2014–2490. pest (5 localities: Apoldu de Sus, Crișeni, Lo- Wesselingh, F.P. & Salo, J. 2006. Scripta Geologica padea Veche, Săcădate and Sâncrai-Dealu) and 133: 439–458. that of the Geological and Geophysical Institute Yanina, T. 2012. Quaternary International 271: 120– of Hungary (19 localities: Bucerdea Grânoasă, 129. Cetea, Cunța, Deda, Galda de Jos, Gârbova de Sus, Gârbovița, Geoagiu de Sus, Jidvei, Miercu- rea Sibiului, Nocrich, Ruși, Sângeorgiu de Mureș, Șilea Nirajului, Șoimușu Mic, Șona, Țapu,

22 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

Tătârlaua and Vurpăr). Altogether the fauna of tion Office (NKFIH – 116618). Dániel Botka 34 localities was determined so far. acknowledges the travel grant of IAS. Although the literature and the museum labels display a large number of species names, the real number of forms in the Pannonian of Quaternary Pontocaspian lake phases in the Transylvanian Basin is rather limited. So far the Marmara Sea Basin we have identified 27 species in the newly collected and revised materials. The most species- Büyükmeriç, Y. rich fauna, that of Gușterița, included only 14 species. The reason of this low diversity is two- Bülent Ecevit University, Engineering Faculty, Geo- fold. First, the littoral deposits of Lake Pannon, logical Department, 67100 İncivez/Zonguldak, Tur- together with their probably highly diverse fos- key sil fauna, have mostly been eroded since the Late Miocene as a consequence of basin inver- The Marmara Sea Basin is the doorstep be- sion. Only 4 of our 34 localities (Geoagiu de Sus, tween the Black Sea and Aegean- Nocrich, Sâncrai-Dealu and Vingard) contain Mediterranean basins. In the Quaternary condi- unanimously autochthonous littoral mollusc tions in the Marmara Sea Basin switched re- fauna (with dreissenids, such as Congeria peatedly from marine to isolated lacustrine to partschi and C. ramphophora, unioniids, such as Pontocaspian lacustrine settings. The Quater- Unio mihanovici, and grazing snails, such as nary record in the Marmara Sea is very frag- Melanopsis bouei, M. fossilis, M. magna, M. mented, yet improved age estimates of fossilif- pygmaea and M. vindobonensis). The second erous deposits improve very much our under- reason is that mollusc diversity sharply declined standing of the lake phases in the region and with depth in Lake Pannon, and the sublittoral their potential for understanding biotic evolu- and profundal sediments preserved low- tion in Pontocaspian basins. Here I present diversity mollusc assemblages. The characteris- Middle and Late Pleistocene intervals and fau- tic forms of these faunas include thin-shelled nas, present an improved stratigraphic frame- cardiids (Paradacna lenzi, P. syrmiense, “Lym- work and show their significance for the re- nocardium” praeponticum and “L.” undatum), gional evolution of lake basins and faunas. The dreissenids (Congeria banatica), pulmonate intervals contain diverse Middle Pleistocene snails, such as planorbids (Gyraulus praeponti- (Chaudian: Gelibolu in the west and Early Khza- cus, G. tenuistriatus, G. vrapceanus, Orygoceras rian: Iznik Lake Basin in the East) and Late Pleis- brusinai and O. levis) and lymnaeids (Undu- tocene (Surozhian–Neoeuxinian) localities (Iznik lotheca pancici, U. rotundata, Velutinopsis nobi- Lake Basin, Izmit Bay area and core samples lis and V. velutina). from the southern Marmara Basin/ Gemlik Bay With further collection and investigation of area). Pontocaspian overflow and marine hig- the fossil material, sedimentological field stud- stands are matched to the stratigraphic scheme ies, and revision of other fossil collections, our developed by Bardetscher et al. (2011). objective is to get better acquainted with the low-diversity mollusc fauna of the Early Panno- Badertscher, S., Fleitmann, D., Cheng, H., Edwards, nian, to explore the palaeogeographical rela- R.L., Göktürk, O.M., Zumbühl, A., Leuenberger, M., tions, and to develop the biostratigraphic reso- Tüysüz, O. 2011. Pleistocene water intrusions from the Mediterranean and Caspian seas into the Black lution of the Early Pannonian sediments. Sea. Nature Geoscience 4: 236–239. The research was funded by the Hungarian

National Research, Development and Innova-

23 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

A Late Pleistocene Pontocaspian refuge in Present study is focused on Lower Pannonian the south of Turkey? P marly series of Lake Pannon exposed in a sand pit in Pécs-Danitzpuszta. The investigated layers Büyükmeriç, Y1, Wesselingh, F.P.2 consist of calcareous marls, claymarls and calcareous sands belonging to the the Endrőd Marl 1Bülent Ecevit University, Engineering Faculty, Geo- Formation. They belong to the Lymnocardium logical Department, 67100 İncivez/Zonguldak, Tur- schedelianum mollusc biozone, with an age of key ~11–10 Ma. The sequence is heavily tilted, 2 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 nearly vertical and is conformably overlain by RA Leiden, The Netherlands Pannonian sand layers famous for their unique Middle to Late Miocene reworked terrestrial A Late Pleistocene mollusc fauna from the and marine vertebrate remains. Well preserved, Karapinar Basin (Anatolia, Turkey) contains relatively diverse benthic ostracod faunas were three Lymnocardiine species. Two of the spe- recovered from the studied 23 samples. Twen- cies are described as new. Radiocarbon datings ty-one euryhaline benthic ostracod taxa could imply an age of approximately 35–43 ka. We be identified suggesting a limno-brackish envi- speculate that the Karapinar fauna is a geologi- ronment with low-energy conditions based on cal short-lived record of Pontocaspian biota far their morphological and ecological characteris- away from their main Black Sea – Caspian Sea tics. The ostracod assemblages of the older centres of origin and that avian dispersal is the layers in the studied sequence are dominated only realistic way to explain their occurrence. by several species of Candona s.l. beside This rises also the possibility that southern Ana- Cyprideis, Cypria and Loxoconcha suggesting a tolian lakes may have served as Pontocaspian mio- to mesohaline (3–9 ‰), littoral/shallow refugia. sublittoral (with ca. 10–15 m water depths) environment. Towards the younger strata the Büyükmeriç, Y. & Wesselingh, F.P. 2016 (in press). ornamented specimens of the genus Cyprideis New cockles (Bivalvia: Cardiidae: Lymnocardiinae) become dominant beside Herpetocyprella, from Late Pleistocene Lake Karapınar (Turkey): dis- Hemicytheria and Amplocypris indicating meso- covery of a Pontocaspian refuge? Quaternary Inter- national Special Volume. to pliohaline (5–16 ‰) sublittoral (with 10– 80 m water depths) conditions. Based on the biostratigraphical interpretation of the ostracod Palaeoecology of Pannonian ostracod fau- faunas, the studied section belongs to the Hem- icytheria tenuistriata Zone of Lower Pannonian nas from Pécs-Danitzpuszta in S Hungary: (Krstić, 1985). In summary, the sedimentologi- a preliminary study P cal variability of the sequence and the palaeoe-

cological evaluation of the ostracod faunas indi- Csoma, V.1, Szuromi-Korecz, A.2, Tóth, E.1, cate a nearshore position of the section during Sebe, K.3 the early Late Miocene and a slight increase in

salinity and in water depth towards the open 1Department of Palaeontology, Eötvös University, lacustrine depositional environment in this 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter stny 1/c, Hungary 2MOL Plc. Exploration and Production Division, 1039 subbasin of Lake Pannon. Budapest, Szent István str. 14, Hungary The research is supported by the Hantken 3Department of Geology and Meteorology, Universi- Foundation and by the Hungarian National Re- ty of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, Hungary search, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH – 116618 and PD 104937).

24 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

Krstić, N. 1985. Ostracoden im Pannonien der Umge- (Sarmatian) this locality was characterized by bung von Belgrad. In: Papp, A. (Ed.), Chronostrati- lacustrine-swampy paleohabitat. graphie und Neostratotypen, Miozän der Zentralen Paratethys VII. M6, Pannonien. Akadémiai Kiadó, Biton, R., Geffen, E., Vences, M., Cohen, O., Bailon, Budapest, 103–143. S., Rabinovich, R., Malka, Y., Oron, T., Boistel, R., Brumfeld, V., Gafny, S. 2013. The rediscovered Hula painted frog is a living fossil. Nature Communica- Latonia gigantea (Anura, Alytidae) from tions 4: 1959. the Middle Miocene of Lake Vračević Jovanović, M., Djurić, D. 2005. Fosilna herpetofauna (Serbia) P sela Vračević kod manastira Bogovađa (Centralna Srbija). Zbornika radova za 14 Kongres geologa SCG (CD izdanje). Đurić, D. Roček, Z. 1994. Taxonomy and distribution of Ter- tiary Discoglossids (Anura) of the Genus Latonia v. Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Bel- MEYER, 1843. Geobios 27 (6): 717–751. grade, Serbia Venczel, M. & Stiuca, E. 2008. Late middle Miocene The Middle Miocene sediments of Vračević amphibians and squamate reptiles from Taut, Ro- mania. Geodiversitas 30 (4): 731–763. yielded rich fossil vertebrates association. The herpetological remains at this site were partially described in an earlier paper (Jovanović & Đurić, 2005). Presence of frog Latonia at A minute ostracod (Crustacea) from the Vračević was the first record in Serbia. This ge- Miocene Solimões Formation (western nus of large frogs belongs to a family Alytidae Amazonia, Brazil) – Evidence for marine (Discoglossinae). Until recently Latonia was incursions? considered to be an extinct genus present from late Oligocene to Pleistocene. (Biton et al. 2013) Gross, M.1, Piller, W.E.2 believe that the rediscovered hula painted frog (Israel, Hula Valley) is actually a living fossil 1Department for Geology and Palaeontology, Univer- named Latonia nigriventer. salmuseum Joanneum, Weinzöttlstrasse 16, 8045 The fossil remains include disarticulated Graz, Austria 2 and highly fragmented jaw bones and axial Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, NAWI skeleton. The poor state of preservation made Graz, Heinrichstrasse 26, 8010 Graz, Austria identification very difficult. The maxilla fragments lack secondary ornamentation which as A huge wetland (the ‘Pebas system’; Hoorn et L. ragei. However ornamentation may be ab- al., 2010) covered western Amazonia during the sent in younger individuals of L. gigantea Miocene, hosting a highly diverse and endemic (Roček, 1994). Due to the fact that remains aquatic fauna (e.g., molluscs, ostracods). One of have the features of a smaller individual, they the most contentious issues concerns the exist- were identified as Latonia cf. gigantea. ence, potential pathways and effects of marine Latonia is a representative of periaquatic incursions on this ecosystem. Palaeontological Amphibians (Venczel & Stiuca, 2008). It is found evidences (body fossils) are still rare. The find- in humid habitats near water bodies, as is the ing of a presumably marine ostracod species case with the species L. nigriventer. Presence of (Pellucistoma curupira Gross, Ramos & Piller, this species in sediments of Vračević leads to 2015) in the upper middle Miocene Solimões conclusion that during the Middle Miocene Formation initiated a taxonomic, ecological and biogeographic review of the genus Pellucisto-

25 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume ma. We demonstrated that this basically marine 2010. Amazonia Through Time: Andean Uplift, Cli- (sublittoral, euhaline), subtropical-tropical tax- mate Change, Landscape Evolution, and Biodiversity. on is biogeographically confined to the Ameri- Science, 330, 927–931. cas. The biogeographic distribution of Pellu- cistoma largely depends on geographic, thermal and osmotic barriers (e.g., land bridges, deep Lacustrine Karpatian to lowermost Badeni- and/or cold waters, sea currents, salinity). We an ostracods and palynomorphs from assume an Oligocene/early Miocene, Caribbean Sjeničak section (Croatia) P origin for Pellucistoma and outline the dispersal of hitherto known species up to the Holocene. 1 1 2 Hajek-Tadesse, V. , Bakrač, K. , Mandic, O. , P. curupira is dwarfed in comparison to all other 3 Kovačić, M. species of this genus and extremely thin- shelled. This is probably related to poorly oxy- 1Croatian Geological Survey,Department of Geology, genated waters and, in particular, to strongly Sachsova 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia reduced salinity. The associated ostracod fauna 2Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural (dominated by the eurypotent Cyprideis and a History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, few, also stunted ostracods of possibly marine Austria 3 ancestry) supports this claim. Geochemical University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department analyses (δ18O, δ13C) on ostracod valves fur- of Geology, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia nished constantly very light values, indicative for a freshwater setting. These observations In Croatia the pre-Badenian lacustrine, alluvial, point to a successful adaptation of P. curupira fluvial and deltaic deposits occur in the Sava to freshwater conditions and therefore do not and Drava depressions, in their sub- signify the presence of marine waters. P. depressions, as well as on the inselbergs be- curupira shows closest affinities to Caribbean tween them. The Sjeničak section is located in species. We hypothesise that Pellucistoma the Karlovac sub-depression which, according reached northern South America (Llanos Basin) to Mandic et al. (2012) could represent a zone during marine incursions in the early Miocene. independent from the Sava depression. It is While larger animals of marine origin (e.g., fish- related to the intra-mountainous basin of the es, dolphins, manatees) migrated actively into Dinaride Lake System. the Pebas wetland via fluvial connections, small The present work is a continuation of an biota (e.g., P. curupira) were phoretically earlier study of the Sjeničak section (Mandic et freighted and developed freshwater tolerance al., 2012). According to Mandic et al. (2012) over long time scales. lacustrine deposits from the Karlovac sub- depression are characterized by abundant Gross, M., Ramos, M.I.F. & Piller, W.E. 2015. A mi- dreissenid bivalve accumulations of the Illyrian nute ostracod (Crustacea: Cytheromatidae) from the Bioprovince type. Weighted mean Ar/Ar age for Miocene Solimões Formation (western Amazonia, the Sjeničak ash is 16.00 ± 0.09 Ma (De Leeuw Brazil) – Evidence for marine incursions? Journal of et al., 2012; Mandic et al., 2012). This age indi- Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: cate that the Southern Pannonian Basin conti- 10.1080/14772019.2015.1078850. nental phase lasted at least 2 Ma (Mandic et al., Hoorn, C., Wesselingh, F.P., Steege, H. ter, Bermudez, 2012) and that it coincides with the deposition M.A., Mora, A., Sevink, J., Sanmartín, I., Sanchez- of lacustrine sediments with similar fauna in the Meseguer, A., Anderson, C.L., Figueiredo, J.P., Jara- more interior parts of the Dinarides. millo, C., Riff, D., Negri, F.R., Hooghiemstra, H., For the present study two samples were Lundberg, J., Stadler, T., Särkinen, T. & Antonelli, A. analyzed from the Sjeničak section; a clayey

26 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY sediment sample (Sjeničak 1) and a sandy sedi- belt (Krstić, 1987). Findings of the endemic ge- ment sample (Sjeničak 2), located just below nus Dinarocythere can be correlated to the lo- and above the dated volcanic ash layer. cality Sjeničak with the locality Žegar near Bihać The dominant, rich and exceptionally pre- in Bosnia and with other different localites in served ostracod fauna was separated from the Serbia (Miocene Serbian lake) where this genus clay sediment sample Sjeničak 1. The most has been found (Krstić, 1987). common are ostracod species Dinarocythere cf. The composition of the ostracod fauna and reticulata Krstić & Sokač, Sarscypridopsis cf. the dominance of well-preserved saltwater aculeata (Costa) and Pontoniella sp. Ostracod ostracods like endemic species Dinarocythere species Herpetocypris cf. chevreuxi (Sars) and cf. reticulata which lived in calm environment Darwinula stevensoni (Brady & Robertson) as (Krstić, 1987) and Sarscypridopsis cf. aculeata accompanying, are less abundant taxa. Species cosmopolitan species widely distributed along Dinarocythere cf. reticulata and Sarscypridopsis the sea costs of Europe which prefer a slightly cf. aculeata recognised in the sample, are rec- brackish water (Meisch, 2000), imply to rela- orded for the first time in Miocene deposits of tively saline water bodies (mesohaline) in a Croatia. Furthermore, Sarscypridopsis cf. acule- close distance to the Badenian sea with poten- ata recognised here is recorded for the first tial influence of the sea water by sea spray time in Miocene lacustrine deposits of Europe. and/or through the aquifer system. The sample below the volcanic ash layer is also Thermophilous fern (Echinatisporis, Verru- characterized by a very diverse palynomorph catosporites, Cingulisporis, Leiotriletes) and assemblage dominated by conifer pollen (Pinus, pollen (Platycarya, Myrica) indicate a subtropi- Cathaya), riparian trees (Carya) and thermophi- cal climate and Karpatian–Lower Badenian age lous fern spores (Echinatisporis, Verrucatospor- of the lower sample, and a less humid and more ites, Cingulisporis, Leiotriletes) as well as fresh- warm-temperate climate, for the upper sample. water algae (Spirogyra, Pediastrum, Botryococ- cus). Along with ostracod and palynomorphs De Leeuw, A., Mandic, O., Krijgsman, W., Kuiper, K., some limonitic shell of gastropods, few oogo- Hrvatović, H. 2012. Paleomagnetic and geochrono- nies of Characeae and rhizolits were deter- logic constraints on the geodynamic evolution of the mined. Central Dinarides. Tectonophysics 530–531: 286– 298. In the sample above the volcanic ash layer thermophilous fern spores decrease, while pol- Krstić, N. 1897. Three new ostracode genera from len of riparian trees (Carya, Alnus) and conifer lacustrine Miocene. Bulletin de l’ Academie serbe des (Pinus, Cathaya, Picea, Podocarpus) increase. sciences et des arts, 92, Classe des sciences mathe- matiques et naturelles, Sciences naturelles 27: 129– Ostracode fauana of sample Sjeničak 2 slightly 140. differ from the previous sample. Ostracod cara- paces are poorly preserved and wrapped with Mandic, O., de Leeuw, A., Bulić, J., Kuiper, K.F., the sediments, broken and were determined on Krijgsman, W., Jurišić-Polšak, Z. 2012. Paleogeo- the genus level. Ostracods from sample Sjeničak graphic evolution of the Southern Pannonian Basin: 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the Miocene continental 2 belongs to genera Sarscypridopsis, Pontoniella series of Northern Croatia. International Journal of and Herpetocypris. Earth Sciences 101: 1033–1046. Ostracod assemblages from sample Sjeničak 1 differ from all known ostracod as- Meisch, C. 2000. Freshwater Ostracoda of Western and Central Europe. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. semblages of the same age in a wider area of 515 pp. Croatia. Endemic genus Dinarocythere with four different species are known from the lacustrine Middle Miocene of the inner and central Dinaric 27 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

The first paleontological records of particularly regarding the Sarmatian dreissenid dreissenid bivalve larvae in Sarmatian of fauna of bivalves in central Paratethys. In the Serbia P previous studies the family Dreissenidae was represented with the single genus Mytilopsis, so Jovanović, G. it would be logical to conclude that the larvae are also belonging to this genus. However, Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Bel- presence of several forms of adult individuals grade, Serbia and the newest data on older lacustrine fauna of the Dinaric system of lakes (Neubauer et al., Representatives of Neogene dreissenids, like 2016) indicate a possibility that other genera of many other bivalves, pass through several stag- bivalves from family Dreissenidae might have es during their ontogenetic development. Due existed at the territory of Jelovik during the to their economic importance, there is an in- early Sarmatian. creasing interest in studying the modern inva- sive species. Special field guide (Conn et al., Conn, D.B., Lutz, R.A., Hu, Y.-P., Kennedy, V.S. 1993. 1993) was prepared for determination of cer- Guide to the identification of larval and postlarval tain modern representatives of family Dreis- stages of zebra mussels Dreissena spp. and the dark false mussel Mytilopsis leucophaeata. New York Sea senidae (Mytilopsis leucophaeata and Dreissena Grant Institute. 22 pp. spp.). However, identification of larvae in various bivalve genera, both recent and fossil, is Krstić, N., Jovanović, G., Ilić, B., Kovalenko, V. 2011. much more difficult than with gastropods. Miocene fossils from Jelovik at the foothills of Bukulja mountain. Comptes Rendus des séances de Very few records of well-preserved fossil la société Serbe de géologie pour l'année 2008: 23– bivalve larvae have been published so far. Loca- 53. tion of one of these rare records is in the territory of village Jelovik, within the Kovačevac Neubauer, T.A., Mandic, O., Harzhauser, M. 2016. stream south of Mt Bukulja (Serbia). Larval The freshwater mollusk fauna of the Middle Miocene Lake Drniš (Dinaride Lake System, Croatia): a taxo- shells were preserved in clayey silt determined nomic and systematic revision. Austrian Journal of as being of Lower Sarmatian age (Krstić et al., Earth Sciences 108 (2): 15–67. 2011). The collected material includes more than 50 well-preserved, densely packed solid larval shells at the surface area less than 1 cm2, as well as several individual shells widely Mollusks and ectothermic vertebrates spaced around the sediment. In addition to from the Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) Lake bivalve larvae there are also several damaged Vračević (Serbia) juvenile specimens and deposited shells of adult dreissenids. The shells of larval forms are Jovanović, G., Đurić, D. thin and relatively solid, almost circular in shape, pointed with a pronounced umbo, indi- Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, 11000 Bel- cating the postlarval phase of bivalve develop- grade, Serbia ment when the foot is developed. In juvenile specimens shell is elongated and slightly point- While there is a wealth of data on marine Sar- ed, and the umbo is well-developed. matian fauna of Serbia, life in lacustrine and Shells of both larvae and juvenile stages terrestrial environments has remained almost recorded at Jelovik may be significant for stud- unstudied. This paper presents the newest re- ies of development of Neogene dreissenids, sults of studies on Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) fauna of mollusks and ectothermic vertebrates

28 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

Lake Vračević. This site is situated close to Bel- Anura are represented by Latonia cf. gigantea, grade, at the southern periphery of Pannonian Rana sp., Pelobates sp., Bufotes sp., while iden- Basin. The fossil material was collected from tified Urodela include Salamandra cf. sansani- clay and sand-based sediments about 2 m thick. ensis and Lissotriton cf. vulgaris. Among the According to micromammalian fauna and the remains of Squamata the most abundant are previous studies (Marković, 2003; Jovanović & osteoderms of Pseudopus sp. Snake vertebrae Đurić, 2005), the assumed age of sediments is belong to small Colubridae and Viperidae, with late Middle Miocene (MN 7+8). Kovalenko only one identified vertebra of Scolecophidia (2004) and Prysjaznjuk & Rudjuk (2005) used a indet. smaller number of described mollusk species to Alternation of different sediment types assign a somewhat earlier age (early Sarmatian and various life and deposition environments on boundary with Badenian of the Ukraine) to enable reconstruction of lake development and these sediments. According to borehole data processes influencing the alternations, as well (Filipović et al., 1978), the lacustrine sediments as the diversity of life in region of Vračević dur- show lateral alternation with brackish sedi- ing the Middle Miocene (Sarmatian). The ter- ments including the Upper Sarmatian bivalve restrial mollusks and ectothermic vertebrates from Paratethys, Sarmatimactra vitaliana are excellent indicators of paleoenvironments, eichwaldi. enabling the researchers to properly recon- Mollusks are important for studies of an- struct life on dry land at the time when Parate- cient lakes that also contain numerous remains thys started to retreat from present-day Serbia. of various vertebrates in form of individual parts of skeleton, and small lake Vračević Filipović, I., Pavlović, Z., Marković, B., Rodin, V., Mar- matches this description. Therefore the im- ković, O., Gagić, N., Aćin, B., Milićević, M. 1978. OGK portance of stratigraphic position of continental i Tumač lista Gornji Milanovac. L 34–137. Savezni mollusks is increasingly recognized (Harzhauser geološki zavod, 1–70. et al., 2008). Rich mollusk fauna shows a certain Harzhauser, M., Gross, M., Binder, H. 2008. Biostra- degree of endemism. Small gastropods are tigraphy of Middle Miocene (Sarmatian) wetland dominant over the bivalves. Larger gastropods systems in an Eastern Alpine Intramontane Basin are represented only by shell fragments. This (Gratkorn Basin, Austria): the terrestrial gastropod approach. Geologica Carpathica 59: 45–58. paper includes first records of freshwater Bi- thynia as well as terrestrial gastropods Derocer- Jovanović, M., Đurić, D. 2005. Fosilna herpetofauna as, Vallonia, Carychium, Vertigo, Strobilops, sela Vračević kod manastira Bogovađa (Centralna Acanthinula etc. Very common species include Srbija). Zbornika radova za 14 Kongres geologa SCG Carychium sandbergeri and bivalve Pisidium. (CD izdanje). Opercula of Bithynia and Pomatias are rare as Kovalenko, V. 2004. Lymnaeidae iz mestonahodždeni well as Characea gyrogonites. Collected materi- Trijebine i Vračević, Serbia. Bulletin de l’Academie al also includes numerous ostracods, pincers of serbe des sciences et des arts 42: 327–339. freshwater decapod (Potamon) crustaceans and Markovic, Z. 2003. The Miocene small mammals of insect remains. Serbia, a review. In: Reumer, J.W.F. & Wessels, W. Although highly fragmented, remains of (eds.). Distribution and migration of Tertiary mam- ectothermic vertebrates show high taxonomic mals in Eurasia. Deinsea 10: 393–398. diversity. Fish remains are most common. One Prysjazhnjuk, V. A. & Rudjuk, V. 2005. Buliminidae i fish scale about 1 mm in diameter was identi- Planorbidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata) iz mes- fied as belonging to a small member of Gobi- tonahozhdenia Vračević. In: Gozhyk, P. (ed.), Bio- idae. The otoliths belong to genera Aphanolebi- stratigrafichni kriterii rozčlenuvania ta korelacii vi- as (Cyprinodontiformes) and Gobius (Gobiidae). kladiv fanerozoiu Ukraini, 9 pp. Institute of Geologi- 29 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume cal Sciences National Academy of Sciences of the Although the most outstanding and attrac- Ukraine, Kiev. tive examples for size evolution in lacustrine gastropods derive from lakes with extensive durations, shell size appears to be independent Predictors of shell size in long-lived lake of the duration of the lake as well as longevity gastropods of a species. Consequently, the analogue of long-lived lakes as “evolutionary islands” does

not hold for developments of shell size because Neubauer, T.A., Georgopoulou, E., Harzhauser, different sets of parameters predict size chang- M., Mandic, O., Kroh, A. es.

Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria The biota of an Arctic Eocene maar lake during a greenhouse environment with an This study aims at investigating shell size varia- emphasis on the sponges tion among gastropod faunas of fossil and recent long-lived European lakes and discussing Pisera, A.1, Siver, P.2, Wolfe, A.3 potential underlying processes. Based on a dataset of 1412 species of lacustrine gastropods 1Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Scienc- from 23 Miocene to Recent long-lived lakes, we es, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland assessed differences in shell size in terms of 2Connecticut College, Botany Department, New Lon- characteristics of the faunas (i.e., species rich- don, Connecticut 06320, United States 3 ness, degree of endemism, differences in family Department of Biological Sciences, University of composition) and the lakes (i.e., surface area, Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada latitude and longitude of lake centroid, distance The Giraffe fossil locality in Northern Canada is to closest neighboring lake) using multiple and contained within a crater formed during em- linear regression models. Because of a strong placement of a kimberlite diatreme that intrud- species-area relationship, we applied a ed the Slave Craton of the Canadian Shield ap- resampling approach to determine whether any proximately 47.8 ± 1.4 Ma. The crater filled with observed correlation is driven by that relation- an organic sediment sequence and was later ship. capped with Neogene glacial deposits. Over The regression models indicated size range 60 m of lacustrine sediments (laminated shales expansion rather than unidirectional increase or and mudstones) comprise the lower maar faci- decrease as the dominant pattern of size evolu- es, which is succeeded by approximately 40 m tion. The multiple regression models for size of terrestrial sediments that include significant range and maximum and minimum size were amounts of Metasequoia foliage and wood. The statistically significant, while the model with transition between lacustrine and terrestrial mean size was not. Individual contributions and sedimentation occurred approximately 38 Ma, linear regressions indicated species richness implying that the entire lake sequence is middle and lake surface area as best predictors for size Eocene (Lutetian Stage) in age. The lake sedi- changes. Resampling analysis revealed no sig- ments from the Giraffe locality have yielded a nificant effects of species richness on the ob- rich assemblage of siliceous microfossils, includ- served patterns. The correlations are compara- ing diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), chrysophytes ble across families of different size classes, sug- (Chrysophyceae and Synurophyceae), eu- gesting a general pattern. glyphids (Euglyphidae, Rhizaria) and spongillids.

30 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY

The waterbody contained within the crater began as a shallow water pond situated at the New data on Karpatian-Badenian freshwa- base of a relatively deep crater. This aquatic ter and brackish lacustrine sediments in phase lasted for thousands of years, slowly the Mecsek Mts., Hungary P infilling part of the crater. Then, over a short period of time, the crater filled to form a deep Sebe, K.1, Selmeczi, I.2, Szuromi-Korecz, A.3 lake as evidenced by sudden appearances of large concentrations of planktonic diatoms and 1University of Pécs, Dept. of Geology and Meteorolo- planktonic colonial chrysophytes, coupled with gy, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság ú. 6., Hungary a significant decline in abundances of eu- 2Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, glyphids and sponges. Over time, the deep lake 1143 Budapest, Stefánia út 14, Hungary 3 progressively infilled and once again became a MOL Plc. Exploration and Production Division, 1039 shallow pond or wetland. Thermal and tectonic Budapest, Szent István str. 14, Hungary stability of the locality post kimberlite em- placement has resulted in excellent preserva- After the Early Miocene fluvial, marsh and part- tion of both siliceous and non-siliceous fossils. ly lacustrine sedimentation, the “Congeria- The sponge microfossil record from the Gi- bearing unit” and the „fish-scale-bearing clay- raffe locality comprises a wide array of loose marl” (Pécsvárad Limestone and Komló Clay- spicules including numerous megascleres, marl Members of the Budafa Fm.) in SW Hunga- gemmuloscleres (spicules forming an armor of ry are considered to represent transition from the resting bodies and including both birotules brackish water to fully marine conditions. Due and non-birotules), and microscleres. At least to the lack of marine fossils the age of the Con- 10 distinct taxa can be identified based on spic- geria unit is uncertain, latest Karpatian or Early ule morphology, the most common belonging Badenian; part of the Komló Claymarl contains to Ephydatia, but representatives of Racekiella, rare forams indicating earliest Badenian (NN4). Heteromeyenia, Dosila, Radiospongilla, Spon- Sedimentological, stratigraphical and paleonto- gilla, Paleospongilla, Hosuayella and Trocho- logical investigations are conducted recently in spongilla are also present. A new species, Po- order to gain more information on the age and tamophlois canadensis, belonging to the warm environmental conditions of these sediments; water freshwater sponge family Potamolepi- some preliminary results are presented here. idae, was described from these sediments. An- The Congeria-bearing unit usually overlies other species belongs unambiguously to the basement rocks. However, separate Congeria genus Ephydatia (family Spongillidae) and is beds occur in higher parts of the succession as morphologically nearly identical with the living well, both within the Komló Claymarl and the rd species E. facunda. The latter species is known Budafa Sandstone Member (the 3 , upper from Brazil and Argentina and is characteristic member of the Budafa Fm.). Because of the of a warm climate. Taking additionally into ac- complete lack of marine fauna like foraminifers, count data about some diatoms and synu- they are usually considered to represent brack- rophytes, a warm to tropical climate is postu- ish conditions. lated in Northern Canada during Middle Eo- Congerias occur both as moulds and as cene. Lastly, many of the fossil taxa represent- shells in several lithofacies: ing the euglyphid thecamoebans, synurophytes – Thick bioclastic limestone beds com- and sponges display morphologies similar to posed of mostly double Congeria valves and modern congeners and represent examples of sporadic gastropods, with or without little evolutionary stasis. sandy matrix. They occur between sand layers. They may represent in situ Congeria colonies, 31 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume though the indistinct layering may also refer to bone and scale fragments and ostracod rem- agitated shoreface waters with redeposited nants and no forams. shells. Besides the “Congeria unit”, this litho- Based on own and literature data, it seems type occurs interbedded into the fish-scale that foraminifers indicating at least brackish claymarl and in the Budafa Sandstone as well. marine conditions preferentially occur at loca- – Bioclastic – sometimes sandy – limestone tions where there are no Congeria beds, neither composed of single Congeria valves and sporad- below the claymarl nor within it. Although not ic gastropods, both moulds and shells, with exclusively, Congeria beds occur within the shells oriented parallel with bedding. These distribution area of the Komló Claymarl in more coquinas indicate agitated shoreface waters marginal positions, often with more coarse- and can be interpreted as storm beds. They grained (silty-sandy) sedimentation. This may occur as interbeds in coarse littoral conglomer- indicate intense freshwater inflow, perhaps in a ates. low-salinity lagoon, and/or stratification of the – Coarse, monomictic littoral conglomer- water in the basin. It also means that these ates, with sporadic single Congeria valves marginal successions can only be dated indi- among the clasts. These are high-energy wave- rectly, which needs very careful lateral correla- worked sediments. They usually directly overly tion. basement rocks. Congeria assemblages are typically mono- specific, with Congeria (now Trigonitaxis) Pliocene freshwater paleolake Jradzor, boeckhi and less frequent Bulimus(?) (now Armenia: Preliminary data P Ferebithynia) vadaszi. The occurrence of a single bivalve species, Trigonitaxis boeckhi in rock- Vasilyan, D.1, Ognjanova-Rumenova, N.2 forming quantities, together with Ferebithynia sp., occurring together with Theodoxus in 1JURASSICA Museum, Route de Fontenais 12, 2900 freshwater sediments in NW Hungary (Bakony Porrentruy, Switzerland Mts.), may indicate quasi-freshwater environ- 2Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, ment. The ostracod assemblage dominated by Acad.G.Bonchev-Street Build. 24, 1113 Sofia, Cyprinotus(?) sp., Cypria sp. and Candona sp. Bulgaria also indicates freshwater conditions; double valves refer to rapid sedimentation. The studied diatomite deposit is situates in the Into the Komló Claymarl fairly different Yeranos mountainous range, Central Armenia, sediments are classified: massive or laminated at the elevation of the 1920 masl. The diato- claymarls, also sands, with high organic con- mite deposit has thickness of about 8 m and tent, often with macroflora. They were inter- lateral extension of ca. 150 m. The deposit is preted partly as lagoonal, partly offshore, while underlain by a bed of solid pyroclastic breccia. in certain sub-basins as fluvial. The formation Nearly entire section contains pure and porous contains interbeds of the Tar Dacite Tuff Fm. diatomite rock with extremely low clay and („middle rhyolite tuff”). In connection with ef- sand content. Due to this property the diato- forts to improve the dating of both the tuff mite sediment is actively mined. In the lower- layers and the sediments, parallel sampling of most part of the section two black sandstones tuffs and host sediments is being carried out. are present in the diatomite, indicating erosion The already processed few samples were of the lake surrounding volcanic rocks and their treated with acetic acid. They contained no age fluvial transport. Overlying 7 m tick diatomite indicator fossils and refer to fresh to brackish bed shows fine (red to yellow coloured) lamina- water. They include a few sponge spicules, fish tion. The bed is intercalated by the 2–10 cm tick 32 Abstracts • SESSION B. PALEOBIOLOGY layers rich on clay and sand, indicating phases of the section in the central part of the deposit, with terrestrial input during the lake develop- whereas incomplete specimens are found from ment. The uppermost 60 cm of the diatomite is its distal part as well as from overlying layers. represented by grey-brown clayey diatomite The taphonomy of the fish remains allow to and overlying grey-bluish sandstone. The diat- conclude about their resident lacustrine popu- omite is covered by conglomerate, showing lations in the lake, at least in earlier staged of sharp erosive contact with underlying beds. the lake sedimentation. The resident lacustrine Laterally the upper bed is eroded and conglom- fish populations were energetically supported erates lie directly on upper part of the 7 m thick by the extremely abundant food availability diatomite pocket. The presence of the strati- within the palaeolacustrine system. The accu- graphic markers – pennatic diatoms Cymbella mulation of skeletal remains likely occurred in elongata Poretzky and Pinnularia meisteri f. the distal deep portions of the palaeolake armenica Poretzky in the diatom assemblage where the preservation was favoured by the allows tentatively date the age of deposition poorly oxygenated bottom conditions caused back to the Pliocene. by the seasonal diatom blooms, as well as by Fossil diatom algae have excellent preser- their consequent high sedimentation rates. vation. Overall, the diatom flora suggests that a freshwater lacustrine palaeobiotope was characterized by high productivity and eutrophic Rodent assemblages from the early Mio- conditions during the deposition of diatomites. cene and Oligocene of Bosnia Herzegovina The common presence of epiphytic diatoms of and Serbia the genera Cymbella, Epithemia, Rhopalodia and Gomphonema is clearly indicative of the Wessels, W.1, de Bruijn, H.1, Marković, Z.2 presence of standing macrophyte vegetation along the littoral zone of the palaeolake. Pres- 1Utrecht University, Department of Earth Sciences, ence of the mainly pure diatomite rock reflects Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands low clastic input from the surrounding land. 2Natural History Museum Belgrade, Njegoševa 51, Laminated diatomites indicate probably a gen- 11000 Belgrade, Serbia eral absence of bioturbation in anoxic basin, seasonal variations. The presence of a perma- Mammalian biostratigraphic correlation be- nent cover of littoral macrophytes is also testi- tween the Oligocene and early Miocene of fied by the abundant fossil remains of mono- western Europe and Anatolia is hampered by a cotyledons, as well as of the marsh frog Pelo- large area in between with almost no infor- phylax cf. ridibundus, which is more pro- mation on fossil mammals, only a few assem- nounced in the upper layers of the deposit. blages from Serbia and northern Greece are Beside botanical remains, the diatomite known. Fieldwork and research since 2003 in deposit provide remains of fishes (Leuciscus cf. this area resulted in several small mammal as- souffia, Leuciscus sp., Garra sp., Capoeta sp.), semblages, mainly of early Miocene age, and an amphibian (Pelophylax cf. ridibundus), a two Late Oligocene ones. The early Miocene reptile (Geoemydae indet.) and mammals (? and late Oligocene assemblages show similari- Hypolagus sp., Rhinocerotidae indet.), allowing ties to both Anatolian and western European reconstruct the paleoenvironment of the lake ones, indicating a transition area of mammalian during different staged of its development. The fauna between the two areas. fishes are presented both complete and incom- Older small mammal assemblages from the plete (fragments) skeletons. The (nearly) com- Late Eocene/Early Oligocene sites have been plete skeletons are found from the lower layers discovered in south east Serbia in 2010–2014. 33 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Preliminary identification of the rodents from forward correlation with successions from these sites shows that these are quite diverse elsewhere. A few associations with a somewhat and contain a large number of new species. similar composition are known from the Lesser These Paleogene assemblages from Serbia are Caucasus and Baluchistan. The occurrence in dominated by Muridae, which is in sharp con- Serbia of a representative of the Diatomyidae, a trast to the contemporary theridomyid- family that has so far been considered to be dominated ones from western Europe. Com- endemic to south east Asia, in the early Oligo- mon members in many Eurasian faunas such as cene assemblages suggests that this family may Eucricetodon, as well as members of Eomyidae, have a different area of origin than previously Sciuridae and Gliridae, are also absent in the assumed. the Late Eocene/Early Oligocene assemblages The new faunas are of great interest for a from Serbia. The presence of an array of new better understanding of the distribution and species suggests that we are dealing with hith- evolution of the Muridae around the “Grande erto unknown rodent associations that devel- Coupure” as well as for reconstructing the oped on a Dinaro/Balkanian micro-continent. paleogeography of the Balkans. The peculiar composition of these Paleo- gene rodent associations hampers a straight-

34 Abstracts • SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY

SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY

KEYNOTE tion of the DLS, the timing and mechanism of basin formation, and the interpretation of mol- Dating the lake histories – lusk speciation and radiation rates. integrated stratigraphy and correlation of The conducted integrative research of the isolated paleoenvironments last decade has allowed us to determine a detailed chronology and paleogeographic setting Krijgsman, W.1, De Leeuw, A.1,2, Mandic, O.3 for different DLS basins. Those results provided and co-workers a completely new insight into the evolutionary history of a unique mollusk fauna originating 1Paleomagnetic Laboratory ’Fort Hoofddijk’, Utrecht from that fresh-water setting. The investiga- University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The tions were carried out in Croatia and Bosnia and Netherlands Herzegovina, where corresponding lacustrine 2 CASP, West Building, 181A Huntingdon Road, Cam- deposits crops out in tectonic depressions of bridge, CB3 0DH, United Kingdom the Dinaric Alps or on isolated hills of the 3 Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural southern Pannonian basin. Our integrated geo- History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, physical and geochemical measurements ena- Austria bled the exact age calculations delimiting the

Dinaride Lake System duration to the time in- The long-lived Dinaride Lake System (DLS) was a terval between 17 and 13 Ma, i.e. during Early vast lacustrine environment covering an area of to Middle Miocene, concurrent with profound up to 75,000 square kilometer in today south- extension in the neighboring Pannonian Basin. eastern Europe. It occupied multiple tectonic Our paleomagnetic results further indicate that depressions within the Dinaride mountain chain the Dinarides have not experienced any signifi- and was located at a crucial geographic position cant tectonic rotation since the late Oligocene. between Central Paratethys and Mediterrane- an. While the richly preserved Neogene mollusks of the Dinaride basins provide an impres- Long-term Sedimentary Trends of Neogene sive example of mollusk radiation, the strictly endemic character of these mollusks inhibits Lake Systems of the Iberian Plate straightforward biostratigraphic correlation 1 1 1 1 with regions outside the DLS. Until recently, the Garcés, M. , Valero, L. , Cabrera, L. , Sáez, A. , 2 age of these lacustrine deposits remained en- Beamud, E. igmatic. Good constraints can, however, be 1 obtained using magnetostratigraphic, cy- Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, Universi- tat de Barcelona, Facultat de Geologia, Martí i clostratigraphic and radiometric dating tech- Franquès s/n 08028-Barcelona, Spain niques. An absolute timescale and good correla- 2Unitat de Paleomagnetisme (CCiTUB-CSIC), Institut tions between the different Neogene basins de Ciències de la Terra "Jaume Almera", C/ Solé i provide better insight in the space-time evolu- Sabarís s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

35 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

shift of the middle Miocene. This middle Mio- Internally drained basins are frequent in the cene lacustrine expansion in the Ebro Basin was Cenozoic history of the Iberian Plate. Their preceded by a sequence of lacustrine units origin and evolution resulted in first order from which developed in the basin since the late a complex geodynamic context, related to the Eocene at periods of about 2.4 myr, correlating convergence of the major bounding plates of with times of the eccentricity maxima. In north- Africa and Eurasia, and the rifting and opening central Iberia, lacustrine to palustrine car- of the western Mediterranean Basin. Attempts bonate units of late Miocene (Vallesian) age are to provide an integrated chronostratigraphic topping the sedimentary fill of the eastern Due- frame for all these disparate records have fol- ro, Almazán and Calatayud-Daroca Basins. The lowed different approaches, including tec- synchronous development of these widely dis- tonosedimentary analysis, fossil vertebrate tributed carbonate units also suggests climate biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy and cy- forcing. clostratigraphy. An outstandingly long sedimen- Cyclostratigraphic analysis on a number of tary record is found in the Ebro Basin, where records show evidence for orbital forcing in the the combination of foreland flexure and uplift alluvial-lacustrine sedimentation over a wide of bounding thrust-belts provided with the ac- range of time scales, from periods of 20 kyr of commodation space for long-lived lacustrine precession to the million-year scale of very-long systems since the late Eocene to middle-late eccentricity, and over a wide range of basin Miocene. Sedimentation in the Ebro basin end- scenarios. More elusive is the understanding of ed when fluvial drainage opened towards the the pathways by which the climate signature is Mediterranean basin about 12 Ma ago. Large transmitted into the sedimentary sequences. areas, such as the Duero and Tajo basins, re- Models must account for contrasting sedimen- mained closed during the late Miocene, favor- tary responses depending on the interplay being the development of ponded environments tween upstream (sediment supply) and down- and the accumulation of significant volumes of stream (base level) controls. Accentuated basin sediments which filled the basins up to present asymmetry such that found in foreland systems day altitudes of circa 1000 masl. These sedi- may add further complexities in the interpreta- ments represent the youngest record of inter- tion of climatic signature in the sedimentary nal drainage over wide areas of the Iberian Me- record. In the Ebro Basin, the variable balance seta, preceding the incision of the modern Due- between downstream and upstream forcing ro and Tajo river valleys. Sedimentation of controls between different site locations could younger age (Turolian and Pliocene) remained account for the contrasting development of restricted to small intramontane basins, such as sedimentary cycles. the Teruel and Villaroya basins. The improved age control of sedimentary sequences has helped robust interbasinal corre- Stable isotope (δ13C, δ18O) composition of lations, revealing common trends that can be Lake Slavonia mollusks from the Pliocene confidently related to climate. During the early- Viviparus beds in the region of Kravarsko middle Miocene transition, a synchronous (Cernikian, Central Croatia) P shrinking of evaporitic environments followed by the expansion of fresh-water lacustrine envi- 1 2 3 Kurečić, T. , Mandic, O. , Grunert, P. ronments is recorded in the Ebro, Tajo, and

Calatayud-Daroca basins. This is interpreted as 1Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 a large scale change towards more humid con- Zagreb, Croatia ditions, coeval with the global isotopic warming 36 Abstracts • SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY

2Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural area. Samples from upper Cernikian Viviparus History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, hoernesi Zone (strongly sculptured viviparid Austria shells) were collected from outcrop with pre- 3 Institute for Earth Sciences, University of Graz, NA- dominantly silty to sandy sediments. They mark WI Graz Geozentrum, Heinrichstraße 26, 8010 Graz the second lacustrine transgression of Lake

Slavonia, which coincides with the Pliocene Long-lived Lake Slavonia existed during the Climate Optimum (PCO). Pliocene in the southern part of Pannonian In the Lower Cernikian, δ18O values range Basin System (PBS). It was characterized by the from -11.2 ‰ to -1.9 ‰ (VPDB), whereas δ13C explosive adaptive radiation of viviparid snails, values range from -11.8 ‰ to -5.4 ‰ (VPDB). In which enabled establishment of regional bio- the Upper Cernikian δ18O values range from - stratigraphy and excellent stratigraphic control 11.3 ‰ to -10.1 ‰, and δ13C values from - of lake deposits along the southern margin of 11.7 ‰ to -7.4 ‰. Therefore, total ranges of PBS. The present investigation deals with sam- the δ13C record are fairly similar in both hori- ples from the region of Kravarsko, located in zons. In contrast, δ18O values show a wider central Croatia, approximately 30 km south range in Lower Cernikian than in the Upper from Zagreb. Situated on the southern margin Cernikian. This variability is probably related to of the Sava depression, this area represents the different habitat preferences and life-strategies western-most extent of Lake Slavonia. of evaluated gastropod taxa. It might also result The study region is composed of Pliocene from a larger number of species measured from sediments deposited in predominantly lacus- the Viviparus kockanskyae Zone. trine and some alluvial freshwater environ- In the future, our stable isotope data will ments. Mandic et al. (2015) in their recent serve as the basis for paleoenvironmental and study recognized the history of Lake Slavonia as paleotemperature reconstructions of Lake Sla- an independent phase in the geodynamic evo- vonia in correlation with known temperature lution of PBS. They introduced consequently a data for period of warm Pliocene Climate and new regional stage Cernikian, defined by the also for PCO. Also it will serve for an evaluation complete depositional sequence of Lake Slavo- of the impact of mollusk life-strategies and hab- nia, and the Viviparus beds, respectively. In the itat preferences on expected isotope signatures area of Kravarsko two stratigraphic horizons are (e.g., Harzhauser et al., 2007; 2012). detected, Lower Cernikian Viviparus kochanskyae and Upper Cernikian Viviparus hoernesi Harzhauser, M., Latal, C., Piller, W.E. 2007. The sta- zone. ble isotope archive of Lake Pannon as a mirror of The aim of the present study is a detailed Late Miocene climate change. Palaeogeography, paleoenvironmental reconstruction of Cernikian Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249: 335–350. at Kravarsko based on stable isotope (δ13C, 18 Harzhauser, M., Mandic, O., Latal, C., Kern, A. 2012. δ O) composition of mollusk shells. A total of Stable isotope composition of the Miocene Dinaride 52 specimens was chosen belonging to seven Lake System deduced from its endemic mollusc fau- mollusk genera. Based on the position within na. Hydrobiologia 682: 27–46. the new regional stratigraphic scheme of the Mandic, O., Kurečić, T., Neubauer, T.A., Harzhauser, Lake Slavonia their ages are determined from c. M. 2015. Stratigraphic and paleogeographic signifi- 4.5 Ma to c. 2.0 Ma. The samples of Viviparus cance of lacustrine mollusks from the Pliocene kochanskyae Zone (upper part of Lower Viviparus beds in central Croatia. Geologia Croatica Cernikian) were collected from outcrops which 68 (3): 179–207. are mostly clayey to silty in composition. They mark the Early Cernikian transgression in this

37 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Subsurface distribution model of the lected from many boreholes and outcrops. For “Post-Cardids” Neogene of Vojvodina example, in the area west of Beočin (boreholes (Northern Serbia) P B-115, elevation at 198 m), the Lower Paludina Beds (Dacian) were identified in the depth in- Marinović, D.1, Rundić, Lj.2, Knežević, S.2 terval between 5.5–27 m. Numerous mollusks and ostracods were found (Viviparus neumayri, 1Radnička 41, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia Melanopsis lanceolata, Dreissena polymorpha, 2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geol- Theodoxus semiplicatus, Bithynia vukotinovici, ogy, Department of Regional Geology, Kamenička 6, Neglecandona paludinica, Zonocypris mem- 11000 Belgrade, Serbia branae, etc.). At the right-hand bank of the Danube River near the „Freedom“ bridge at Palaeogeographic distribution and the strati- Sremska Kamenica (e.g. borehole BP-2, eleva- graphic-depth position of the Pliocene lacus- tion on 106.5 m) the Paludina Beds were dis- trine-fluvial sediments have a great significance covered in the depth interval between 5.6– in the context of current Neogene geological 76 m. Findings of lightly sculptured viviparids considerations of the Pannonian basin. The such as Viviparus stricturatus and other fresh- term “Post-Cardids” Neogene indicates a signif- water fauna indicate the Middle Paludina Beds icant biostratigraphic event which marks the (Lower Romanian). Furthermore, near the Or- end of well-known evolution of the endemic lovat loess plateau, depending on the position mollusks of Lake Pannon. The disappearance of of structural wells, the Middle Paludina Beds Limnocardids and some other saline lake dwell- with V. bifarcinatus and V. stricturatus are ers is the one of crucial criteria for the Mio- proven in depths between 135 and 320 m, near cene/Pliocene boundary (Janković, 1970). The Plandište in SE Banat at 335 m, and near the subsurface distribution pattern a predominantly village of Lokve at the depth of 477 m. Also, lacustrine-fluvial Post-Cardids Neogene was they have been identified in the central Banat based on the original map of the first author in different depth intervals: near the village of (Marinović, in press). Basically, the mentioned Boka (455–571 m), at the Elemir structure map at a scale 1:200.000 has a regional- (520–548 m), Begejci (696 m), near Kumane prognostic character and is constructed on the (765 m) and Melenci (832–844 m). In the basis of more than 600 hundred boreholes (200 northern Banat near Kikinda, they are found of them with the fossil content) drilled during between 885–956 m. Similarly, the Upper Palu- the last 50 years. It represents the author's dina Beds (predominantly with V. pilari) were interpretation of the averaged depth-level of determined in different intervals near Plandište transition from more caspibrackish-lacustrine at depth of 250–335 m or in Melenci between sediments (“upper Pontian”) to the lacustrine- 600–653 m. The uppermost part of these beds fluvial deposits (Lower Paludina Beds s.str.). The contains V. ornatus and V. hoernesi such as at map is constructed primarily on the basis of the Elemir structure in depth of 276 m. Howev- paleontological facts relevant for the delimita- er, on the left-hand bank of the Danube River, tion of the aforementioned formations, and near the “Žeželj” bridge in Novi Sad (elevation data were correlated with geophysical logs. at 85.8 m), the strong sculptured viviparids (e.g. Variable configuration of the delimitation V. sturi) and numerous unionids were drilled depths, ranging to 1600 m on the boundaries of immediately below the Quaternary alluvial sed- northern Banat, was adapted by structural ele- iments. Furthermore, based on spatial distribu- ments that were interpreted on the seismic tion of the Pliocene deposits and their elevation sections. This great data base is further updated it is possible to mark the main neotectonic investigations of junior authors and facts col- structures and processes that led to the present 38 Abstracts • SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY status of these sediments. The Pliocene– continuous transition into the Pannonian sedi- Quaternary tectonic compression reactivated ments. some older structures whereby the Pliocene We resampled the cores in 2015 and reex- sediments were differentially displaced and lost amined the material. In the present study we its lateral continuity. As a result, the Paludina focus on the microfauna of the Lower Sarmati- Beds are exposed at different altitudes on the an evaporitic succession and that of its bounda- northern and southern flanks of the Fruška ry beds. Gora horst structure (Rundić et al., in press). The evaporite-bearing beds (Budajenő Formation) in the lower part of the Sarmatian Janković, P. 1970. Paludina Beds in Vojvodina. Pro- succession (1150.5–1270 m) were formerly ceedings of the VII Congress of Geologists of Yugo- thought to have been deposited in shallow- slavia 1: 103–115. (In Serbian) water, semi-restricted lagoon environment. As Marinović, D. (in press). The Map of the base of the a result of our revision it turned out that the Post-Cardium Neogene of Vojvodina (Serbia). Re- lower (1210.5–1258.7 m) section of the Buda- ports of the Serbian Geological Society for the year jenő Formation was deposited in deeper (mid 2015. to deep sublittoral) environment (water depth Rundić, Lj., Vasić, N., Životić, D., Bechtel, A., Knežević, of 30–120 m is estimated). This idea is based on S., Cvetkov, V. (in press). The Pliocene Paludina Lake the foraminiferal assemblage dominated by the of Pannonian Basin: New evidence from Northern newly found Anomalinoides dividens, which Serbia. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae 86. occurs together with e.g. Buliminella elegantis- sima (d'Orb.), Bolivina sarmatica Didk., Ammo- nia beccarii (L.), Lobatula lobatula (W. & J.) and Sarmatian evaporites in the Zagyva Trough is accompanied by the ostracods Cythereis sar- (North Hungary) P matica (Jir.) and Xestoleberis fusca Schn. In borehole Tengelic-2, drilled in probably similar Palotás, K.1, Szuromi-Korecz, A.2, Selmeczi, I.1, palaeogeographic setting 170 km to the SW of Bereczki, L.1,3 Szirák, sedimentation took place in a maximum 50 m-deep environment (Bohn-Havas, 1982; 1Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, Korecz-Laky, 1982). Similarly to that, the small 1143 Budapest, Stefánia út 14, Hungary size of the microfauna – presumably due to the 2MOL Plc. Exploration and Production Division, 1039 high salinity content – was also remarkable in Budapest, Szent István str. 14, Hungary the Szirák-2 succession. 3Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary This contradiction can be eliminated by the conception of a local anti-estuarine circulation The area around Szirák in North Hungary was between the Zagyva Trough basin and the Sar- part of the Paratethys Sea in the Sarmatian matian open waters, due to the formation of a (Middle Miocene). This part of the Central Par- sill triggered by tectonic movements. Thus, the atethys belonged to the Zagyva Trough, which deep water outflow from the Zagyva Trough had been formed as a result of a NW–SE exten- was restricted, and it led to the formation of sion. evaporites (anhydrite) from the brine at the The thickness of the Sarmatian succession bottoms. in borehole Szirák-2 exceeds 500 m (763.5– The Anomalinoides dividens dominated as- 1270 m) (Hámor, 1992). The marine Badenian sociation shifted into a Miliolidae dominated sequence is overlain by evaporitic Early Sarma- assemblage in the upper part of the Budajenő tian deposits, followed by marl, then with a Formation. This indicates the shallowing of the

39 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume water depth (< 30 m) and the persistence of the high salinity conditions. 1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geol- In the closing marine marl layer (Kozárd ogy, Đušina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2 Formation) of Late Sarmatian age (763.5– University of Leoben, Department of Applied Geo- 1150.5 m) a rather poor foraminiferal assem- sciences and Geophysics, Peter-Tunner-Str. 5, 8700 Leoben, Austria blage comprising Ammonia, Elphidium and 3Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” of the Serbian Nonion has been revealed, whereas in the basal Academy of Sciences and Arts, Djure Jakšića 9, 11000 beds of the Pannonian succession the Tro- Belgrade, Serbia chammina-Miliammina association was identified, which indicates very shallow, lagoonal/ A new research from the Fruška gora Mt. in swamp environment with rich vegetation northern Serbia sheds new light on the physico- (Fuchs & Schreiber, 1988; Korecz-Laky, 1985). chemical conditions, ecology and evolution of the “Paludina” Lake (i.e. Lake Slavonia after Bohn-Havas, M. 1982. A Tengelic 2. sz. fúrás bádeni Harzhauser & Mandic, 2008; Mandic et al., és szarmata mollusca faunája. Mollusca fauna of 2015). An integrated study combines sedimen- Badenian and Sarmatian stage from the borehole tology, sequence stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, Tengelic–2 (in Hungarian, abstract in English). – Annals of the Hungarian Geological Institute 65: palaeontology, palaeobotany, coal petrology, 189–203. organic geochemistry and magnetic mineralogy. The sedimentary succession studied in the Fuchs, R., Schreiber, O. 1988. Agglutinated forami- Sremski Karlovci clay pit (Rundić et al., in press) niferal assemblages as indicators of environmental changes in the early Pannonian (late Miocene) of the represents the lake margin at the foot of the Vienna Basin. Abh. Geol. Bundesanst. 41: 61–71. eastern part of Fruška Gora ridge. Sedimentary facies reveal minor and major lake-level chang- Hámor, T. 1992. A Szirák–2. sz. alapfúrás földtani es, including a forced regression with fluvial eredményei. Annual Report of the Geological Insti- valley incision in the succession middle part and tute of Hungary 1990: 139–168. the ultimate emergence and covering of the Korecz-Laky, I. 1982. A Tengelic 2. sz. fúrás miocén lake floor by Pleistocene loess. Mollusc and Foraminifera faunája. Miocene Foraminifera fauna ostracod fauna indicates an oligohaline shallow from the borehole Tengelic–2. Annals of the Hungar- calm-water environment, no deeper than 5– ian Geological Institute 65: 151–187. (in Hungarian, with English abstract) 6 m, with an active inflow of spring water (Krstić, 2006). The lake local depth during Korecz-Laky, I. 1985. Foraminiferen im Pannon Un- transgression maxima did not exceed 20 m. garns. In: Papp, A., Jámbor, Á., Steininger, F.F., (eds.) Organic geochemical analyses indicate a rich Chronostratigraphie und Neostratotypen, Miozän der Zentralen Paratethys, v. VII, M6 Pannonien and diversified assemblage of gymnosperm (Slavonien und Serbien): 265–269; Budapest (Akad. plants with a contribution of angiosperms, Kiadó). weeds and microbial biomass in the peat- forming suboxic to oxic coastal swamp envi-

ronment. Maceral analysis of organic matter

shows a prevalence of mixture detro- and telo- Pliocene lake deposits and the Plio- huminite, accompanied richly by inertinite in cene/Quaternary boundary at the Fruška lignite and by liptinite in clay. The Pleistocene Gora (Serbia): an integrated study shift to terrestrial semiarid environment resulted in oxidizing groundwater conditions, with 1 1 1 1 Rundić, L. , Knežević, S. , Vasić, N. , Životić, D. , the reddening of sediments around a fluctuat- 2 3 1 Bechtel, A. , Gaudenyi, T. , Cvetkov, V. ing groundwater table and the diagenetic trans-

40 Abstracts • SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY formation of bacteria-derived greigite into raphy, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 260: 417– magnetite (Rundić et al., in press). In regional 434. stratigraphy, the occurrence of Viviparus neu- Krstić, N. 2006. Pliocene Ostracodes of the Palu- mayri in the lower part of the succession (e.g. dinian Layers in Pannonian Plain, Serbian Part. Her- Sremski Karlovci clay pit, Čerević clay pits, a few ald of the Natural History Museum, Belgrade, 401 boreholes west of Beočin, small outcrops along pp. the right bank of Danube River, etc.) indicates Mandic, O., Kurečić, T., Neubauer, T.A., Harzhauser, the Lower Paludina Beds of Dacian Stage (early M. 2015. Stratigraphic and palaeogeographic signifi- Zanclean age). Other lightly sculptured cance of lacustrine molluscs from the Pliocene viviparids such as Viviparus stricturatus and Viviparus beds in central Croatia. Geologia Croatica certain ostracodes indicate to the Middle Palu- 68 (3): 179–207. dina Beds (e.g. Sremski Karlovci clay pit, Rundić, Lj., Vasić, N., Životić, D., Bechtel, A., Knežević, Sremska Kamenica area, etc.) of lower Romani- S., Cvetkov, V. (in press). The Pliocene Paludina Lake an Stage (late Zanclean–early Piacenzian). In the of Pannonian Basin: New evidence from Northern Sremski Karlovci clay pit, the upper part of the Serbia. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae 86. section lacks age-diagnostic fossils and is considered to represent Middle Paludina Beds possibly with an erosional relic of Upper Paludina Late Burdigalian sea retreat from the Beds at the top – below the Pleistocene loess North Alpine Foreland Basin: new magne- cover. On the other hand, at the left bank of the tostratigraphic age constraints P Danube River, near the „Žeželj“ bridge in Novi

Sad, the Paludina Beds are drilled directly be- Sant, K.1, Kirscher, U.1,2, Reichenbacher, B.3, low the Quaternary alluvial sediments. The Pippèrr, M.3, Jung, D.4, Doppler, G.4, Krijgsman, strong sculptured viviparids such as Viviparus W.1 sturi indicate to the Pliocene climate optimum

(Mandic et al., 2015) which corresponds to the 1Paleomagnetic Laboratory Fort Hoofddijk, Depart- Upper Paludina Beds of Upper Romanian Stage ment of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Buda- (Piacenzian-Gelasian). For the reasons of inade- pestlaan 17, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands quate correlations of regional stages within the 2Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Depart- Paratethys, it is proposed that a sedimentation ment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Geophys- cycle that involves all the Paludina beds inte- ics, Theresienstr. 41, 80333 Münich, Germany 3 grates under the name of new regional stage – Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Depart- Chernikian, which covers a time span of 4.5– ment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleon- 2.0 Ma (Mandic et., 2015). Actually, its young- tology and Geobiology, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 München, Germany est part that corresponds to the Upper Paludina 4Bavarian Environmental Agency, Hans-Högn-Str. 12, beds would represent the oldest Pleistocene 95030 Hof/Saale, Germany (Gelasian). If all this is true, then a younger part of Pliocene stratigraphic succession represent- Accurate paleogeographic reconstruction of the ed by alluvial deposits below the well-known North Alpine Foreland Basin (NAFB) during the the loess-paleosoil sequences (e.g. Sremski Burdigalian (Early-Middle Miocene) is ham- Karlovci clay pit) could be the base of the Qua- pered by a lack of reliable age constraints. In ternary in this area. this high resolution magnetostratigraphic study

we try to solve a long-lasting age bias for the Harzhauser, M., Mandic, O. 2008. Neogene lake onset of freshwater deposition in the neighbor- systems of Central and South-Eastern Europe: Faunal ing S-German and Swiss Molasse basins. We diversity, gradients and interrelations. Palaeogeog-

41 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume measured ~600 samples from eleven drill cores The Miocene Serbian Lake System (SLS) repre- covering the transition from marine to brackish sents a series of endemic lakes that were locat- to freshwater environments in the S-German ed southeast of the Pannonian Basin in the Molasse Basin. The composite magnetostrati- junction area between the Dinarides and South graphic pattern of these cores provides two Carpathians. So far, no independent age con- possible age correlation options (model 1 and straints are known from the Serbian lakes, and 2). In model 1, the base of the brackish succes- estimates for the age of the lacustrine infill sion lays within C5Cr (~16.7–17.2 Ma), and the range from 17–14 Ma (e.g. Krstic et al., 2012). onset of freshwater deposition has an age of New age constraints for the SLS could improve ~16.5 Ma. Correlation model 2 suggests the this and allow comparison to similar environ- transition to brackish conditions to be within ments such as the Dinaride Lake System. In this C5Dr.1r (~17.7–17.6 Ma), and yields an age study we used magnetostratigraphy and radio- around 16.7 Ma for the shift to freshwater envi- isotopic dating to quantify the age of the ~70 m ronments. Most importantly, both models ar- thick, fine-grained lacustrine series in the gue for a latest Burdigalian age of 16.6 ± 0.1 Ma Popovac basin (Serbia). One sanidine-bearing for the retreat of marine conditions in the cen- tuff provided a very reliable total fusion tral NAFB, which is approximately 0.7 myr 39Ar/40Ar age of 14.40 ± 0.01 Ma including all younger than previously suggested. We discuss errors using the approach of Kuiper et al. the implications of our new age for the biostrat- (2008). The paleomagnetic results show a nor- igraphically important ‘Kirchberg Fm’ (Rzehakia mal polarity pattern with a 2 m-thick reversed Beds) and present revised paleogeographic interval in its lower part. If we take the Ar/Ar reconstructions of the NAFB in the late Burdi- into account, the normal polarity can be corre- galian. lated to Chron C5ADn in the Global Polarity Time Scale (Hilgen et al., 2012). The reversed interval is too short to fit and suggests that part A middle Miocene age for the Popovac of the magnetic carrier is of secondary origin. At Lake (Serbia): Ar/Ar dating and magneto- least 12 climate-induced obliquity or precession stratigraphy in the Serbian Lake System cycles are interpreted based on alternating dark marl/silt with light-colored limestone patterns Sant, K.1, Mandic, O.2, Rundić, Lj.3, Kuiper, K.4, and geophysical proxies. Krijgsman, W.1 Our new age suggests that the deepest lake phase in Popovac existed around 14.4 Ma (late 1Paleomagnetic Laboratory Fort Hoofddijk, Depart- Langhian), which coincides with a peak of sub- ment of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Buda- sidence in the south-eastern Pannonian Basin pestlaan 17, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands between 15–14 Ma (e.g. Stojadinovic et al., 2Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural submitted). This is after the Miocene Climatic History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, Optimum, and ~1 Myr later than deposition in Austria most Dinaride Lakes (De Leeuw, 2011). Moreo- 3 Department of Regional Geology, Faculty of Mining ver, the new age suggests that the ‘Badenian’ and Geology, University of Belgrade, Kamenička 6, marine transgression flooded the area only 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 4 after 14.4 Ma. Department of Isotope Geochemistry, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije University, De Boele- laan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands De Leeuw, A. 2011. Paleomagnetic and geochrono- logic constraints on the Miocene evolution of semi- isolated basins in southeastern Europe. PhD Study, Utrecht University.

42 Abstracts • SESSION C. STRATIGRAPHY

Kuiper, K.F., Deino, A., Hilgen, F.J., Krijgsman, W., endemic faunas, it should be tied to “absolute” Renne, P.R., Wijbrans, J.R. 2008. Synchronizing rock chronology in order to be correlatable beyond clocks of Earth history. Science 320: 500–504. the given basin. This is especially the case with Krstić, N., Savić, L., & Jovanović, G. 2012. The Neo- the late Neogene sediments of the Pannonian gene lakes on the Balkan land. Geološki Anali Bal- Basin. The more than 4 km thick deposits, ac- kanskoga Poluostrva 73: 37–60. cumulated in Lake Pannon during a long time Hilgen, F.J., Lourens, L.J., Van Dam, J.A. 2012. The span of approximately 7 million years, are sub- Neogene Period. In: Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., divided mainly using mollusc and dinoflagellate Schmitz, M.D., Ogg, G.M. (eds) The Geologic Time biozones. However, there are very few tie- Scale 2012. Volume 2, pp. 923–978. points available to calibrate these zones against Stojadinovic, U., Matenco, L., Andriessen, P., Toljić, chronostratigraphy. M., Rundić, Lj., Ducea, M.N. (submitted). Structure Here we present a site from the SW Pan- and provenance of Late Cretaceous – Miocene sedi- nonian Basin, Pécs-Danitzpuszta in the Mecsek ments located near the NE Dinarides margin: infer- Mts., Hungary, where a direct linkage between ences from mechanics of orogenic building and sub- bio- and chronostratigraphy can be attained. sequent extensional collapse. Tectonophysics. This large outcrop of lower Upper Miocene sediments of Lake Pannon is composed of offshore white marls overlain by a sandy succes- Linking bio- and chronostratigraphy in Lake sion and has a good mollusc and ostracod rec- Pannon: pyroclastics and biozones in the ord in both units. A few centimeters thick, bio- southwestern Pannonian Basin tite-rich tuff layer was found in the uppermost part of the white marls. The composition and

1 1 2 sedimentary features indicate primary origin by Sebe, K. , Konrád, G. , Harangi-Lukács, R. , Ha- 2 3 3 4,5 ash fall, presumably in a distal position from the rangi, S. , Benkó, Z. , Pécskay, Z. , Magyar, I. , 6 7 7 source. Dunkl, I. , Sztanó, O. , Józsa, S. Biostratigraphically the succession contain-

1University of Pécs, Dept. of Geology and Meteorolo- ing the tuff interbed belongs to the Lymnocar- gy, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság ú. 6., Hungary. dium schedelianum sublittoral mollusc biozone, 2MTA-ELTE Volcanology Research Group, 1117 Bu- which corresponds to the age range of ca. 11 to dapest, Pázmány sétány 1/C, Hungary 10.2 Ma. K/Ar dating of the tuff layer carried 3MTA ATOMKI K-Ar Laboratory, Bem tér 18/c., 4026 out on altered biotite and fresh volcanic glass Debrecen, Hungary gave an isochron age of 11.8 ± 0.2 Ma. Detailed 4 MOL Hungarian Oil and Gas Plc., Október huszon- petrological study of the tuff showed a peculiar harmadika utca 18, 1117 Budapest, Hungary mineralogical assemblage (plagioclase, K- 5MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, feldspar, biotite, amphibole, augite, aegirine- P.O. Box 137, 1431 Budapest, Hungary augite, aegirine and apatite) in addition to fresh 6Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, Georg- August-University, Göttingen, Goldschmidtstrasse 3, glass shards. This suggests eruption of alkaline 37077, Germany magmas, presumably that of the alkaline tra- 7Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Physical chyte volcano at Pásztori located in over and Applied Geology & Department of Petrology and 200 km distance, in the northwestern Panno- Geochemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117 Bu- nian Basin. This offers further correlation possi- dapest, Hungary bilities. The Pásztori volcano was dated to 13.3 to 8.6 Ma with the K/Ar method, whereas the In the lack of marine fossils, the dating of lacus- zircon fission track dating yielded 11.4 ± 0.6 Ma trine successions is often problematic. Even and 12.3 ± 0.8 Ma ages. In order to obtain more where a local biostratigraphy can be based on precise ages, we conducted laser ablation zir- 43 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume con U-Pb geochronology on rare zircon grains preserved at relatively large distances in the from an alkaline trachyte sample and got an age Upper Miocene lacustrine sequence. Thus, it of 10.4 ± 0.3 Ma. could be an important marker horizon through- These data have a wide range and some of out this area. Although probably not numerous, them represent disagreement between bio- and volcanic marker horizons like the presented one chronostratigraphy. Work is ongoing to resolve might be widespread in the Pannonian Basin this discordance. However, the case offers a and should be looked for, because they greatly unique possibility to directly correlate various enhance the dating possibilities of the other- methods against each other, possibly to correct wise problematic lacustrine succession. the temporal boundaries of mollusc biozones Research was supported by the European previously estimated by indirect methods, and Union and the State of Hungary, co-financed by to take a step towards a solid stratigraphic the European Social Fund in the framework of framework for the lacustrine sequence of the TÁMOP 4.2.4. A/2-11-1-2012-0001 ‘National Pannonian Basin. The occurrence of the tuff in Excellence Program’, and by the Hungarian the southern part of the basin shows that vol- Scientific Research Fund (OTKA/NKFIH) projects canic ashes were transported by the wind and PD104937 and 116618.

44 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS

SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS

KEYNOTE For instance, the formation of the Pannonian back-arc basin is generally related to the rapid Lake basin evolution dynamics – Miocene roll-back of a slab attached to the Eu- tectonic control of depositional processes ropean continent. The present-day extensional in isolated settings geometry of the Pannonian back-arc formed essentially during the Carpathians collision and Matenco, L. was also driven by an additional Middle Mio- cene roll-back of a Dinaridic slab. As a result, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, crustal thickening takes place in the foreland of Budapestlaan 17, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands the orogen, while the gradual extension is mi- grating and thinning the crust in a foreland di- The large number and distribution of syn- to rection. The mechanics of extension is of key post-orogenic extensional systems in Mediter- importance for the stability of the Dinaridic ranean orogens infers the possibility of the lakes. As long as the extension remained formation and evolution of isolated lacustrine asymmetric at the beginning of its evolution, sedimentary basins, driven by different tectonic the subsidence in the normal faults hanging- mechanisms. Classical models of orogenic evo- wall remained moderate and the basins evolved lution assume that back arc basins form in the in continental alluvial to lacustrine environ- hinterland of orogens, collapsing the upper ment. When the extension changed to symmet- plate above oceanic subduction zones. This is a ric, the larger amounts of regionally induced common characteristic thought to apply to all subsidence connected the lakes and ultimately low-topography orogens of Mediterranean type resulted in their partial connection with the driven by the fast roll-back of genetically relat- marine realm. These observations demonstrate ed slabs. In the case of the Dinarides, such an the need for an active reconsideration of cou- extensional evolution is recorded both far at pling the endemic biostratigraphy with existing the interior of the orogen creating the larger orogenic models of contraction and extensional Pannonian Basin, but also superposed over the evolution, which should include an active inves- main mountain chains, demonstrating the tigation of the role of continental subduction gradual migration of the couple contraction - during various phases of mountain build-up and extension towards the Adriatic foreland. Such a back-arc collapse. migration may result in a complex evolution of the Miocene sedimentary basins that change from contractional to extensional as a function of the spatial position of the back-arc mechanics at any given time. Mediterranean orogens often diverge from the typical scenario by widespread extensional deformation taking place during moments of continent-continent collision and by the interference of such deformation driven by different subduction zones. 45 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

The link between tectonics and sedimenta- mapping in outcrops correlated with earlier tion in asymmetric extensional basins: in- local and regional studies enables us to derive a ferences from the study of the Sarajevo- high-resolution evolutionary model of the ba- Zenica Basin sin. The new results suggest a close relation between moments of normal faulting and asso-

1,2 1 1 ciated high-order sedimentological cycles. The Andrić, N. , Sant, K. , Matenco, L. , Mandic, 3 4 4 5 overall extensional basin was filled by sedi- O. , Tomljenović, B. , Pavelić, D. , Hrvatović, H. , 5 ments deposited by flows dominantly draining Demir, V. the neighbouring uplifting mountain chain. The

1Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht, temporal and spatial migration of synthetic The Netherlands listric normal faults across the basin created an 2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geol- overall regressive, coarsening upwards deposi- ogy, Belgrade, Serbia tional cycle with a strong asymmetric deposi- 3Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural tional geometry. This lower order cycle com- History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Wien, prises three higher order transgressive- Austria regressive cycles driven by the individual mo- 4 University of Zagreb, Institute of Geology and Geo- ments of normal faulting. This Early - Middle logical Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia Miocene extensional deformation is the most 5Federal Institute for Geology - Sarajevo, Ustanička external area in the Dinarides, documented so 11, 71210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina far, to be affected by extension of the neigh-

bouring Pannonian Basin. In tectonically active basins, depositional ge- The deformation was predated and post- ometry is dominantly controlled by the balance dated by two phases of contraction. The Oligo- between basin subsidence enhanced by the cene - Early Miocene phase of contraction took pulses of fault activity and coeval footwall uplift place during the final stages of the Dinaric colli- and erosion influencing sediment supply. In sion and was related to the onset of deposition extensional basins, coupled tectonic and depo- in the basin. The post-Middle Miocene phase of sitional history is usually described in terms of contraction inverted the basin fill by reactivat- stratigraphic sequences linked with the activity ing the earlier basal listric detachment. This of normal faulting. The interplay between dep- event is correlated with the regional indenta- osition and normal faulting stages is less under- tion of the Adriatic continental unit. stood in basins bounded by major extensional detachments or normal fault systems associated with significant exhumation of footwalls. The link between sedimentation and tectonic during Geodynamic controls of organic matter the spatial and temporal migration of defor- deposition in lacustrine basins: The case of mation across the basin is especially interesting. Miocene pull-apart basins in the Eastern The optimal place to study coupled deposition- Alps al-kinematic history is the Sarajevo-Zenica Ba- sin, located in Bosnia and Hercegovina. This is Groß, D., Sachsenhofer, R.F. the largest intramontane basin in the Dinarides. The basin fill overlays pre-existing orogenic Chair of Petroleum Geology, Montanuniversität Leo- fabrics and records Late Oligocene–Miocene ben, Peter-Tunner-Str. 5, 8700 Leoben, Austria lake evolution deposited in an endemic and isolated environment. An integrated study of The evolution of the Eastern Alps was con- field kinematics and detailed sedimentological trolled by large-scale extension and lateral tec-

46 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS tonic extrusion in Early to Middle Miocene ments in the ENE-WSW striking Granitztal, times. Main eastward movements of the central started slightly earlier (Ottnangian/Karpatian). parts of the Eastern Alps occurred along sinis- In comparison to the Noric Depression, no coal tral NE- and dextral SE-trending strike-slip seams exist in the transition between fluvial faults. Consequently, pull-apart basins were and lacustrine environments in the Badenian. formed along the sinistral Mur-Mürz fault sys- Furthermore, after deposition of the lacustrine tem (Noric Depression) at major oversteps. The to brackish lower part of the Badenian more than 2 km deep Fohnsdorf Basin, the 1 km Mühldorf Formation, marine conditions estab- deep Trofaiach Basin and the relatively shallow lished in the upper part of the Formation (Mid- Leoben, Aflenz and Parschlug basins were dle Badenian). Salinity decreased and freshwa- formed in the central part of the Mur-Mürz ter conditions prevailed during Late Badenian. fault system. The SSE-trending Pöls-Lavanttal Whereas deposition stopped in the Late fault system comprises 12 km of accumulated Badenian along the Noric Depression, deposi- dextral strike-slip movement and vertical off- tion continued after a sea level fall and conse- sets of several kilometers since Miocene times. quent erosion at the Badenian/Sarmatian Several basins, including the asymmetric La- boundary. The subsequent transgression is visi- vanttal Basin with a > 2 km thick Miocene suc- ble in brackish sediments at the base of the cession, are aligned along this fault system. Sarmatian succession. The Sarmatian is charac- Basin evolution along the Noric Depression terized by brackish and freshwater sediments started in the Late Karpatian/Early Badenian. which host several, partly economic coal seams. Sedimentary sequences are usually similar, Frequent sea level fluctuations and a constant comprising coarse-grained alluvial, fluvial and slow subsidence lead to the formation of these fluvio-deltaic sediments at the base, often fol- seams. lowed by coal seams overlain by sapropelic Gas-prone coals and oil-prone sapropelic rocks and fine-grained sediments which were shales, frequently overlying coal seams, accu- deposited in a lacustrine (partly brackish) envi- mulated during initial stages of lacustrine depo- ronment with high subsidence rates. The top of sition. Sapropelic shales indicate drowning the succession is frequently characterized by a mires, caused by elevated subsidence rates. In coarsening-upward sequence terminated by the Noric Depression, these shales show hydro- coarse-grained fluvial gravels, deposited after gen indices (HI) up to 300 mgHC/gTOC, pointing the present lakes filled up in times of tectonic to a certain oil potential. Brackish conditions in quiescence. the Fohnsdorf Basin suggest a connection to the The Fohnsdorf and Leoben basins contain Miocene sea which existed in the Lavanttal more than 10 m of sub-bituminous coal. Alt- Basin. Sapropelic shales above Sarmatian coal hough they accumulated in similar ages, similar seams in the Lavanttal Basin reach HI values up tectonic settings, and similar stratigraphic posi- to 480 mgHC/gTOC, again suggesting a source tion within the sedimentary sequence, variable potential for oil. conditions during peat accumulation resulted in In comparison to the Noric Depression, la- differing coal properties. properties of the coals custrine to brackisch sediments of the Mühldorf and therefore peat accumulation differ signifi- Formation, deposited in the Early Badenian in cantly. Whereas the ash- and sulfur-rich the Lavanttal Basin, show high total organic Fohnsdorf coal was deposited in a low-lying carbon (TOC) contents (up to 10 %) and high HI mire, the main body of the Leoben coal formed values (up to 600 mgHC/gTOC), suggesting a in an ombrotrophic raised mire. kerogen type II resulting from algal blooms. A Basin evolution in the Lavanttal Basin, also transgression led to marine conditions in the commencing with coarse-grained fluvial sedi- upper part of the Mühldorf Formation, where 47 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

TOC contents around 1–2 % and HI values be- in the area of interest its mechanism of sedi- low 200 mgHC/gTOC occur due to low produc- mentation indicate overall process of Drava tion rates. depression filling. The result of this work is sedimentological model which is applicable to or at least good starting point for other parts of Pan- Upper Miocene sedimentation processes nonian basin. Indeed, very similar experience is in Croatian part of Pannonian basin based also present in Sava depression. on results of 3D seismic interpretation P

Jankov, J., Čikeš, K., Marić-Đureković, Ž., Lake Pannon sedimentation model in the Rakarić, D., Krizmanić, K. Legrad field area (NW Croatia)

INA Oil Industry, Subiceva 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia Krizmanić, K.1, Bigunac, D.1, Majstorović Bušić, A.1, Čikeš, K.2, Sabol, N.1, Zopf, D.1, Pecimotika, The study presents geological data related to G.1, Kranjčec, B.1 sedimentation process which resulted in filling of Croatian part of Pannonian basin (Upper 1INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Exploration Sector, Miocene). Conclusions are based on 3D seismic 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia 2 interpretations for development and explora- INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Field Development Sec- tion purposes in oil industry. Approach used in tor, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia the interpretation was multidisciplinary and The Neogene to Quaternary Lake Pannon sedi- included seismic interpretation and analyses, mentary successions of the SW part of the Pan- stratigraphy and petrophysics as well as sedi- nonian Basin are characterized by three 2nd mentological core analyses. order megacycles divided by major regional Main target is exploration and develop- unconformities. In here described sediments ment of sandstone reservoirs, in deeper parts are related to the transtensional post-rift ther- of Drava depression, related to existing HC mal basin subsidence and belong to the second fields and their correlation on broader area megacycle between the Base Pannonian to the between them. The process covered therefore Base Pliocene unconformity regional to single well approach. Regional ap- For the interpretation of the genesis and evolu- proach included seismostratigraphical interpre- tion of the wider depositional area around the tation on 3D seismic dataset and corresponding recent gas field Legrad in the NW Croatia inter- well log correlation as well as sedimentological disciplinary approach were used. core analyses. The result was regional sedimen- Information on lithology, ichnology, sedi- tological frame which was filled with detailed mentary structures and structural elements interpretation of sandstone reservoirs on mul- were obtained from complete macroscopic tiple levels, field scale. Detailed seismic attrib- examination of cores. Petrophysical and calci- ute analyses enabled delineation of sedimento- metry measurements, detailed petrographical logical bodies. Together with well log interpre- (and microporosity) and palynological analyses tation and sedimentological core analyses it were done. Geochemical evaluations were con- revealed the sedimentation mechanism as a sidered. All available well data were correlated part of broader sedimentation process (frame) and calibrated with well log and seismic data. which filled the Drava depression. Paleorelief features (like channel position and Since the Upper Miocene (Pannonian and their direction) are visible on coherency time- Pontian) represents the majority of sediments slices.

48 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS

Investigated deposits and related cores are (Pediastrum simplex, Spirogyra sp.), various presented by alteration of sandstone, siltstone polled grains (chiefly bisaccate) and a few and marls. Sandstones, generally lithic arenites, spores, make 10–20 % of palynofacies. are very well cemented with intergranular po- The Lower Pontian age is confirmed by rosity. They are moderately sorted, with grains Spiniferites balcanica, S. bentorii coniunctus and in the range from very fine to medium sand S. validus. According to the dinocyst palynozo- size. Sandstones are sporadically rich in organic nation, samples belong to Spiniferites balcanica matter. Siltstone is also well cemented. Marls main zone, to the Spiniferites bentorii coniunc- occasionally contain smaller amount of si- tus subzone. liciclastic component and pyrite occurrences. Sediments originate in lacustrine environ- Open and reduced microfractures are some- ment as channel (and interchannel) deposits times visible. and subaquatic fans caused by gravity flow Sandstones are largely homogenous and mechanisms (mostly turbidites). The Late Pan- thick to several meters. Horizontal and cross- nonian sedimentation took place in slightly lamination are detected only in uppermost part deeper environment of decreased salinity, of the studied sedimentary succession (Lower moderately distant to shore and terrigenous Pontian deposits). Soft sediment deformation influx. The Early Pontian sediments were creat- structures like load casts, ball-and-pillow and ed in also somewhat distal and deeper freshwa- flame structures are relatively frequent. Rip-up ter environment but in the zone of the signifi- marl clasts are sporadically observed suggesting cant terrigenous influence. channel sedimentation. Subvertical bioturbation is common. Terrigenous organic matter (phytoclast debris) are ubiquitous. Tectonically oriented paleomagnetic study Palynological macerals of the cored sedi- of the Pag and Drniš-Sinj intramontane ments in the lower part of the investigated in- basins, External Dinarides terval are rich in organic contents. Most of the palynofacies (70–80 %) is amorphous matter. Márton, E.1, Pavelić, D.2, Vranjković, A.3, Liptinite kerogene, generally made of weakly Ćosović, V.4 diverse dinocyst assemblage, some pollen grains (mostly bisaccate) and a few green algae 1Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, remnants (Botryococcus brauni), completed the Budapest, Hungary organic residue (10–20 %). Lignohumine clasts 2University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology are scarce. Macerates are biodegraded. Pyrite and Petroleum Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia 3 inclusions in palynomorphs are frequent. Index NIS a.d., Gazprom Neft, Science and Technology fossils Spiniferites bentorii and S. bentorii ob- Center, Novi Sad, Serbia 4 longus specify the Upper Pannonian age. By the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Geology, Zagreb, Croatia biostratigraphical classification of the organic walled microphytoplankton, samples belong to Magnetostratigraphy studies for a number of Spiniferites bentorii main zone, to the Spinifer- Miocene intramontane basins of the Dinarides ites bentorii oblongus subzone. Younger sedi- documented that the lake sediments were good ments, although somewhat different, are also targets for paleomagnetism. Subsequent to the rich in organic matter. Lignohumine clasts of publication of magnetostratigraphy results from variable sorts and size make 30–60 %, while a series of sections (Mandic et al., 2008; Jimé- amorphous matter makes 30–40 % of total or- nez-Moreno et al., 2009; De Leeuw et al., 2010), ganic matter content. Liptinite component, we collected samples in 2011 from two of the composed of dinocysts, some freshwater alga 49 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume basins, Pag and Drniš-Sinj for tectonic interpre- and full tectonic correction has an effect on the tation. In these basins lacustrine sedimentation declination. Even more important is that a took place, characterized by low sedimentation paleomagnetic direction based on geographical- rate of predominantly carbonate material with ly distributed localities with different local tec- tephra (Sinj basin) coal and bentonite intercala- tonic positions, enhances the tectonic signifi- tions (Pag Island). Post-depositional defor- cance of a paleomagnetic result. mation affected the basin sediments in a non- As the External Dinarides are the loci of a uniform manner and intensity. In Pag Island, the complicated network of Miocene and even Miocene basin sediments crop out in the younger tectonic zones, we cannot export the 1200m long Crnika section. As several segments observed rotation for the whole unit, but con- of it were obviously detached, we sampled the sider our results as one more step for the kine- oldest and youngest segments, which seemed matic constraints of the post-Oligocene tectonic to be in situ, the former from the reversed, the history of the External Dinarides. latter from the normal polarity zone. The pale- We thank Bruno Tomljenović for the field omagnetic directions obtained for the two parts assistance and for discussion. This study was were statistically different before tilt correc- supported by the Republic of Croatia, Ministry tions, and remained so after restoring the strata of Science, Education and Sports Projects: no. to horizontal. A repeated visit to the section 195-1951293-2703 and no. 119-1191152-1167, revealed that modern gravity–driven creeping by the Croatian Science Foundation, no. IP- can account for this, i.e. the results from the 2014-09-9541 and by Hungarian Scientific Re- Pag basin should be rejected from regional tec- search Fund project no. K105245. tonic interpretation. From the Drniš-Sinj basin eight geograph- De Leeuw, A., Mandic, O., Vranjković, A., Pavelić, D., ically distributed Miocene localities and one Harzhauser, M., Krijgsman, W., Kuiper, K.F, 2010. Santonian yielded good paleomagnetic mean Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology directions. Positive tilt test proved the pre- 292: 155–167. tilting age of the remanence for seven sedimen- De Leeuw, A., Mandic, O., Krijgsman, W., Kuiper, K. tary localities. The overall-mean paleomagnetic Hrvatović, H. 2012. Tectonophysics 530–531: 286– direction implies CCW rotation of 13–20° with 298. respect to Africa and 21–27° with respect to Jiménez-Moreno, G., de Leeuw, A., Mandic, O., stable Europe, during the last 15 million years. Harzhauser, M., Pavelić, D., Krijgsman, W., A tephra intercalation with secondary rema- Vranjković, A. 2009. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclima- nence suggests similar rotation. The angle of tology, Palaeoecology 280: 193–206. the CCW rotation for the Santonian locality is Mandic, O., Pavelić, D., Harzhauser, M., Zupanič, J., somewhat larger than the one for the Miocene. Reischenbacher, D., Sachsenhofer, R.F., Tadej, N., The above conclusions are different from Vranjković, A. 2008. Journal of Paleolimnology 41: those by De Leeuw et al. (2012) for the Pag and 431–452. Sinj basins, although the published paleomagnetic directions for the respective parts of the Crnika and the Lučane sections (in the latter Plio-Quaternary intramountain basins of case using simple tilt correction) are very simi- southeastern Slovenia: first steps towards lar. However, we had to come to the conclusion landscape evolution model P that the Crnika section must be excluded from regional tectonic interpretation, as it was dis- Mencin, E.1, Jamšek Rupnik, P.1, Bavec, M.1, cussed above. Concerning the Drniš-Sinj basin Poljak, M.1, Šmuc, A.2 Lučane section belongs to a plunging structure 50 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS

Correlation of Late Miocene lacustrine to 1 Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva 14, 1000 fluvial lithostratigraphic units in the Dan- Ljubljana, Slovenia ube–Kisalföld Basin (Slovakia, Hungary) P 2University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences

and Engineering, Department of Geology, Privoz 11, 1 2 3,4 2 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Sztanó, O. , Kováč, M. , Magyar, I. , Šujan, M. , 5 6 2 1 Fodor, L. , Csillag, G. , Rybár, S. , Tőkés, L. , 7 This study targets Plio-Quaternary intramon- Uhrin, A. tane basins of the southeastern part of Slovenia 1 that structurally lies at the junction of three Department of Physical and Applied Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter large entities: Southern Alps, Dinarides and sétány 1/c, Hungary Pannonian basin. In Cenozoic the landscape 2 Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty evolution of this area was strongly influenced of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská by Alpine-Dinaric tectonic processes. Tectonic dolina 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia activity caused not only formation of an undu- 3MOL Hungarian Oil and Gas Plc., 1117 Budapest, lating landscape with intramontane basins, but Október 23. u. 15, Hungary also strongly influenced the concurrent terres- 4MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, trial sedimentation. From late Neogene on- 1431 Budapest, Pf. 137, Hungary 5 ward, the terrestrial sediments, traditionally MTA-ELTE Geological, Geophysical and Space Sci- called “Plio-Quaternary” gradually infilled in- ence Research Group, 1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Hungary tramontane basins. Due to the spatial and tem- 6Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, poral diversity of the sedimentation, the sedi- 1143 Budapest, Stefánia út 14, Hungary ments have not been unambiguously character- 7Eriksfiord AS, 4068 Stavanger, P. Boks 8034, Norway ized so far. State of the art knowledge interpreted these deposits as shelf-edge deltas mo- The northwestern subbasin of the Pannonian lasses deposits, or as terrestrial sediments de- Basin System is crossed in the middle by the posited in intramontane basins. The sediments Danube river which marks the international are preserved in topographic depressions, as boundary between Slovakia to the north and well as in highs, indicating that tectonics also Hungary to the south. The basin is called “Dan- played an important role after their deposition. ube basin” in Slovakia and “Kisalföld” in Hunga- The main aim of this study is to develop a land- ry. The lithostratigraphic subdivision of the scape evolution model of the southeastern more than 4 km thick Upper Miocene to Plio- Slovenia from the Pliocene onward. For this aim cene sedimentary succession of the basin, de- a detailed investigation of composition, prove- posited in Lake Pannon and in the adjacent nance, genesis, age and uplifting/subsiding fluvial environments, has been developed inde- rates of these sediments is needed. First results pendently in the two countries. A careful study suggest that the “Plio-Quaternary unit” has of the sedimentary formations across the entire diverse composition and genesis, ranging from basin, however, led us to claim that these for- fluvial deposition to thick residuals of bedrock mations are identical or similar between the weathering. Subunits vary from pure clays to two basin parts to such an extent that their sands and gravels. The residual of bedrock correlation is indeed a matter of nomenclature weathering subunit will also be investigated in only. Nemčiňany Formation corresponds to detail since composition of the residual partly Kálla Fm., representing locally derived course- indicates its transport rather than in situ grained deltas and gravelly shores along the weathering only. basin margin developed during the early transgressive phase of Lake Pannon (11–9.5 Ma). The

51 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume deep or open lacustrine sediments are collec- Structural analyses and petroleum poten- tively designated Ivanka Formation without tial along regional transects across the considering genetics in Slovakia, whereas they Dinarides mountain chains P are subdivided into four formations in Hungary depending on their position and depositional van Unen, M.1,2, Matenco, L.2, Nader, F.H.1, processes. Endrőd Marl is found in deep lacus- Darnault, R.1 trine settings and on wings of depressions (11.6–10 Ma), while Szák Claymarl marks flood- 1Institut Français du Pétrole Energies nouvelles (IFP- ings of the basement highs (ca. 10.2 and EN), 1–4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil- 8.9 Ma) and comprises a few meters of trans- Malmaison Cedex, France gressive lag overlain by open-lacustrine fossilif- 2Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Buda- erous marls. Szolnok Sandstone represents pestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands deep basin turbidite systems (10.5–9.5 Ma), and Algyő Fm comprises the fine-grained slope The Dinarides can be characterized as a com- deposits prograding through the basin between plex fold-and-thrust belt. Such mobile belts are 10–9 Ma ago. Beladice Formation represents likely to potentially host considerable petrole- shallow lacustrine (littoral) and deltaic deposits, um reserves, and therefore constitute an at- fully corresponding in its definition to Újfalu tractive target for exploration. The first step to Formation (10.5–8.5 Ma). The fluvial deposits, derive the petroleum potential of the studied assigned into Volkovce Formation in Slovakia area will be the focus of this project, which is are designated Zagyva Formation in Hungary the structural analysis of transects extending (10–6 Ma). The synoptic description and char- from the offshore in the west to the onshore in acterization of the formations offer a basin- the east of the Dinaridic region. The structural wide insight into the development of this sedi- analysis has been done by doing field research, mentary basin during the Late Miocene. The using geological maps, and obtaining turbidite systems, the slope, the overlying del- knowledge from already existing data and bibli- taic and fluvial systems are all genetically relat- ography. ed and are coeval at any time slice after the The Dinarides include a sedimentary basin regression of Lake Pannon initiated about covering northwestern Slovenia, Croatia, Mon- 10 Ma ago. All these formations are younging to tenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Albania. the S, SE as the progradation of the shelf-slope Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic heterogene- went on. The basin got filled up to lake level by ous sediments (with cumulative thickness 8.5 Ma, since then fluvial deposition dominated reaching up to 15 km) characterize the basin fill. in areas of subsidence, transmitting huge Based on the age and distribution of syn- amount of sediment further to the SW and SE kinematic contractional turbidites (i.e. flysch), parts of the Pannonian Basin. classical studies of the Dinarides have postulat- The project was supported by the National Re- ed an Eocene episode of major shortening in search, Development and Innovation Office of the entire Dinaridic chain. By contrast, recent Hungary (TÉT-12_SK-HU-2013-0020) and by the kinematic and thermochronological studies Slovak Research and Development Agency un- infer a more complex evolution, characterized der the contracts SK-FR-2015-0017, APVV-14- by accelerated moments of differential shorten- 0118, APVV 0099-11 & APVV-0625-11. Structur- ing-related exhumation that took place during al results were partly achieved by the support Eocene–Quaternary times in the external Di- of OTKA grant No 81530. naridic nappes of Montenegro, SE Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina. The shortening is laterally variable along the strike of the orogen towards

52 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS the NW, where the amplitude of post-Eocene Organic geochemical and maceral compo- deformation is rather reduced, being apparent- sition of coal and shales from the Ibar ly transferred by an unknown mechanism to lacustrine basin (south Serbia) P more internal Dinaridic areas. Significant amounts of thrusting were accommodated in Životić, D.1, Bechtel, A.2, Sachsenhofer, R.2, particular by the Budva-Cukali zone in the ex- Gratzer, R.2, Stojanović, K.3, Andrić, N.1, ternal nappes (~100–130 km) and at the lower Simić, V.1 nappe contact of the Durmitor unit in Monte- negro. More to the hinterland, the contraction 1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geol- is partly coeval with a gradual migration of ogy, Djusina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia back-arc extension that generally reactivated 2Department Angewandte Geowissenschaften und the previous NE-dipping thrust contacts and Geophysik, Montanuniversität Leoben, Peter-Tunner- induced large-scale exhumation of the SW-ward Str. 5, 8700 Leoben, Austria 3 located footwalls along a series of detachments University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Stu- with variable offsets. Preliminary studies dentski trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia demonstrate that the extension migrated to- The Lower Miocene Ibar Basin is located in the wards the external Dinarides, either creating innermost part of Dinarides, 200 km south of Miocene basins (such as the Sarajevo basin) or Belgrade (Serbia), covering an area of approxi- exhuming rocks previously buried in various mately 320 km2. It is a northwest-southeast metamorphic degrees at nappe contacts and elongated tectonic depression with a maximum created large extensional klippens (such as the length of 20 km and width of 12 km which con- Durmitor nappe structure of Montenegro). Ex- sists of several coal deposits (Ušće, Tadenje, isting kinematic and exhumation data infer that Jarando, Progorelia) and boron mine (Pobrdje) the extension was subsequently followed by and boron deposit (Piskanja). At present high widespread contraction in the entire orogen volatile bituminous coal is exploited in two un- starting likely around 8 Ma, generally interpret- derground mines: Jarando and Tadenje, and ed as an effect of slab detachment in the exter- one open pit Progorelica. The present study is nal Dinarides and/or the indentation of the based on thirteen channel coal samples, thir- Adriatic microplate. teen core shale samples and tree boron miner- The second step of this project will be to alisation samples with oil, taken at different balance and restore the structural sections into locations of the Ibar basin. Coal samples were their initial, pre-orogenic configuration. Eventu- taken from Jarando and Tadenje underground ally the aim will be to subsequently perform mine and Progorelica open pit. Shale core sam- kinematical and thermal modeling to constrain ples were taken from Piskanja deposit, while the main episodes of structural deformation, boron samples with oil were taken from source rock maturation and hydrocarbon migra- Pobrdje boron mine. tion, and better predict the current petroleum The paleorelief of the Ibar basin is made of potential of the studied area. Direct extrapola- Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Tertiary rocks. Paleo- tion from the sedimentary thicknesses pre- zoic is represented by amphibole schist, serici- served in synclines, paleo-thermometers such te-chlorite schist, calc schist, marble and meta- as Tmax and Ro, and 1D basin modeling on se- basic rocks. Mesozoic sedimentary rocks in- lected wells could provide crude estimates on clude Triassic limestone, dolomite, marble, the thickness of eroded series. sandy marlstone and marlstone, and Jurassic

serpentinite, gabbro, rodingite and other rocks

of the ophiolite mélange. Tertiary igneous rocks

53 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume are Oligocene dacito-andesite lava flows, and liptinite group, while suberinite, cutinite, resin- Neogene quarztlatite/rhyodacite extrusions and ite and exsudatinite are present in lower and pyroclastic rocks. Eastern basin margin is char- variable amount. The inertinite, mainly in- acterized by Oligocene I-type granitoides ertodetrinite and funginite, are present in low Kopaonik and Drenje. The northern border rep- amount. The shale samples are characterised by resents Miocene S-type granite Polumir. Sedi- a high contents of liptinite and variable amount mentary rocks are mainly Neogene in age and of inertinite and vitrinite. Lamalginite, telal- are made of conglomerate, sandstone, three to ginite, liptodetrinite and sporinite are the most nine coal seams, coal shale, shale, and marl- abundant macerals of liptinite group. Content stone. of cutinite, resinite, suberinite, and exsudatinite The Ibar basin was formed during Miocene is low. The highest content of telalginite has large scale extension in the NE Dinaride seg- been detected in the uppermost sample, indi- ment of the Alpine-Carpathian-Dinaride system. cating a shallow lake environment. The Miocene extension let to exhumation of The molecular composition of coal alkane deep seated core-complexes (e.g. Studenica fraction is characterized by a high abundance of and Kopaonik core-complex) as well as to the n-alkanes of long chain (>n-C27) with odd pre- formation of extensional basins in the hanging dominance (CPI 1.06–1.73). The distribution of wall (Ibar Basin). Sedimentation started in the n-alkane in most of shales show bimodal distri- Lower Miocene followed by basin subsidence bution with maximum at n-C29 and n-C27, resulting in formation of an up 1500 m thick which is consistent with higher CPI value sequence. The basin is filled with clastic sedi- (CPI>1) and maceral composition (mixture of ments deposited in alluvial and later in lacus- alginite and terrestrial liptinite in variable trine phase. The alluvial clastics are represented amount). by breccia, conglomerates, sandstones marl- Hopanes with domination or predomi- stones and several coal layers. The lacustrine nance of C3017α(H)21β(H) hopane, and acyclic phase is characterized by laminated dolomitic isoprenoids (pristane and phytane) are present marlstones and shales rarely intercalated with in considerable amounts in saturated, as well as sandstones lenses. The swamp stage cyclically a series of C32- to C35-benzohopanes in aro- repeated several time, causing formation from matic hydrocarbon, implying higher maturity of three to nine coal seams in the deepest parts of OM. The regular steranes are present in lower the basin (Jarando). Later post-depositional quantities in coal and in higher quantities in thermal overprint in the Ibar Basin influenced shales, with domination or predominance of the higher thermal maturity of OM confirmed C29 5α,14α,17α(H) isomer. Higher content of by measurement of vitrinite reflectance and diasterane, diagenetic products of steroids, organic geochemical composition of OM. detected in shale samples. Methyl steroids with The mean random vitrinite reflectance val- a C30 dinosterol structure, detected in all sam- ues in coal samples ranging from the 0.75 %Rr ples, were considered as biomarkers of dino- (Progorelica) to 0.90 %Rr (Tadenje) and from flagellates. Higher maturity of coal samples 0.63 %Rr to 0.79 %Rr in the Piskanja deposit. reflects trace amount of monoaromatic steroids Microscopic investigation showed that vitrinite and presence of triaromatic steroids and their is the prevailing maceral group in coal samples. methylated products. Variable content of mon- The most abundant maceral is collodetrinite oaromatic and triaromatics steroids could re- with variable amount of collotelinite and flect catagenetic stage of maturity of OM. vitrodetrinite. Content of gelinite and corpo- Diterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids and non- gelinite is relatively low. Sporinite and liptode- hopanoid triterpenoids are present in low trinite are the most abundant macerals of the quantities. Highest concentrations of sesquit- 54 Abstracts • SESSION D. GEODYNAMICS erpenoids and diterpenoids imply higher con- 2Institute of Geology AS CR, v. v. i., Rozvojová 269, tribution of gymnosperms over angiosperm in 165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic almost all coal samples. Contrary, the highest concentrations of non-hopanoid triterpenoids The territory of Slovenian Dinarides (Dinaric of the oleanane skeleton and des-A-degraded Karst) is mainly built of Mesozoic carbonates non-hopanoid triterpenoids over diterpenoids and Paleogene flysch deposits. There is no evi- suggest a higher contribution of angiosperm in dence of younger marine deposition in the SW shales. part of Slovenia. Due to the missing record it is The aromatic hydrocarbons include naph- very difficult to define tectonic, paleoclimatic thalene, alkyl naphthalenes, phenanthrene, and other processes for the last 30 million alkyl phenanthrenes, alkyl thiophene, which are years. the most abundant aromatic biomarkers in A valuable additional source of data repre- almost all coal and some shale samples. Mono- sents karst sediments, especially cave sedi- and triaromatic steroids, with alkyl naphtha- ments. These can be allochthonous, which are lenes, phenanthrene and alkyl phenanthrenes mostly fluvial clastic sediments or autochtho- are the most abundant biomarkers in most of nous, for example speleothems. shale samples. Other polycyclic aromatic hydro- Systematic research of cave sediments in carbons (PAH) such as biphenyl, fluorene, fluo- Slovenian caves in the last 20 years with differ- ranthene, pyrene, chrysene, triphenylene, ent dating methods (paleomagnetic studies, U benz[a]anthracene and their methylated deriva- series dating, paleontology, palynology,…) tives methylbiphenyl, dimethylbiphenyl, showed that the sediments are much older than methylfluorene, dimethylfluorene, methylpy- was originally assumed, as identified age cover rene and methylchrysene are found in almost not only the entire period of the Pleistocene all samples, and imply catagenetic stage of ma- but also the Pliocene and even reach into the turity of OM. Miocene. Volcanic activity was an additional factor Distinct phases of massive deposition in that gave rise to higher temperature in the shal- caves with as yet still preserved sediments were low crustal levels. It was accompanied by intru- dated to about 5.4–4.1 Ma (Miocene–Pliocene), sive magmatism represented by Oligocene 3.6–1.8 Ma (Pliocene) and Quaternary, follow- granitoid of Mt. Kopaonik and Miocene granite ing the cessation of Miocene deposition in the of Polumir. In addition, the basin hosts boron Pannonian Basin in the central, E and SE Slove- mineralization (borates and howlite) and mag- nia and post-Messinian evolution in the SW and nesite deposits and that further implies elevat- W Slovenia. These sedimentation phases in ed temperatures in this lacustrine system and underground suggest climatic changes on the can indicate a possible role of hydrothermal surface with possible flood events and/or solutions. changes of the tectonic regimes during Neo- gene and Quaternary. Regarding chemical denudation rate from Age of karst sediments in SW Slovenia 20 m to 50 m/Ma many older caves and cave sediments already no longer exists, but their Zupan Hajna, N.1, Mihevc, A.1, Pruner, P.1,2, residues are present on the surface as unroofed Bosák, P.1,2 caves or bigger accumulation of clastic sediments. Those sediments were once interpreted 1Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU, Titov trg 2, 6230 as remains of rivers deposits, deposited on Postojna, Slovenia karst surface during the so called “pre-karst” phase.

55 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

However, since the processes of sedimen- (Pleistocene and Holocene sediments of tation in the caves is very complex and strongly Planinsko nad Cerkniško polje) in fifties of the influenced by local factors, sediment thickness last century. of profiles usually only a few meters and inter- With paleomagnetic methods we were rupted by several unconformities, the interpre- studied two profiles of surface sediments. In tation of cave sediments and the resulting data Velenje basin we studied sediments of upper of the surface and subsurface processes are part of 1000 thick terrestrial to lacustrine se- very complex. Calibrated data contributed to quence containing thick lignite seam. The whole reconstruction of the speleogenesis, deposition analysed profile was N polarized, most probably in caves, and indirectly to evolution of karst deposited within the Brunhes chron (<780 ka), surfaces and succession of tectonic displace- which is in accordance with general geological ments. From the age of the cave sediments data of the area. Studied was also sediment follows that the caves and karstification have to profile at Hrastje north of Novo mesto. The be even older and we can conclude that the depression was filled with greyish laminated to evolution of caves in South Slovenia took part thin bedded clayey lacustrine deposits with few within one post-Eocene karstification period. gastropod shells, plant remains and plant roots. In the bottom of karst poljes (intramon- The whole profile was N polarized except the tane basins of External Dinarides) in southern last sample, which was R; pollen analyses and Slovenia prevail Pleistocene sediments, except U-series dating of gastropod are still in pro- in the Kočevsko polje where in the bottom are gress. also Miocene sediments. Lake deposits of karst In the future it will be necessary to study poljes were mainly studied regarding coal de- also the clastic sediments of karst poljes of posits in the Kanižarica (Pliocene brown coal) southern Slovenia get more information on and Kočevje (Miocene, Pliocene brown coal) or time of deposition, climate changes and tecton- regarding hydromelioriation of karst poljes ic evolution.

56 List of Participants

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Nevena Andrić Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Koraljka Bakrač Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Adele Bertini Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via G. La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy E-mail: [email protected]

Dijana Bigunac INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Exploration Sector, Šubićeva 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Marija Bošnjak Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Dániel Botka Department of Palaeontology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Yeşim Büyükmeriç Bülent Ecevit University, Engineering Faculty, Geological Department, 67100 İncivez/Zonguldak, Turkey E-mail: [email protected]

Lilit Cota INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Šubićeva 29, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Vivien Csoma Department of Palaeontology, Eötvös University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Niko Dalić INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Šubićeva 29, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Vedad Demir Federal Institute for Geology - Sarajevo, Ustanička 11, 71210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina E-mail: [email protected]

57 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Dragana Đurić Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51. 11000 Belgrade, Serbia E-mail: [email protected]

Miguel Garcés Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Geologia, Martí i Franquès s/n 08028 Barcelona, Spain E-mail: [email protected]

Elisavet Georgopoulou Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Doris Groß Chair of Petroleum Geology, Department of Applied Geological Sciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversität Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Martin Gross Universalmuseum Joanneum, Geologie & Paläontologie, Weinzöttlstraße 16, 8045 Graz, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Ivan Gušić Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zrinski trg 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Josip Halamić Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Mathias Harzhauser Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Morana Hernitz Kučenjak INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Šubićeva 29, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Nada Horvatinčić Institut "Ruđer Bošković", Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Radmila Ilieska Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathemathics, 1000 Skopje, R. Macedonia E-mail: [email protected]

Nikolina Ilijanić Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

58 List of Participants

Kristina Ivančič Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva ulica 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: [email protected]

Jura Jankov INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Šubićeva 29, Zagreb 10 000, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Gordana Jovanović Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, Belgrade, Serbia E-mail: [email protected]

Slobodan Kolbach Trpimirova 27, 10000 Zagreb, Ctoatia E-mail: [email protected]

Marijan Kovačić Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Wout Krijgsman Paleomagnetic Laboratory Fort Hoofddijk, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 17, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Katarina Krizmanić Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Krešimir Krizmanić INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Exploration Sector, Šubićeva 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Tomislav Kurečić Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Imre Magyar MOL Hungarian Oil and Gas Plc., Budapest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Ana Majstorović Bušić INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Exploration Sector, Šubićeva 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Oleg Mandic Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

59 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Nikola Markić Javna ustanova Nacionalni park Plitvička jezera, Znanstveno stručni centar „dr. Ivo Pevalek“, Plitvička jezera bb, 53231 Plitvička jezera, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Emő Márton Eötvös Loránd Geophysical Institute of Hungary, Palaeomagnetic Laboratory, Columbus ut. 17–23, 1145 Buda- pest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Liviu Matenco Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Budapestlaan 4, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Eva Mencin Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department for Regional geology, Dimičeva ulica 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: [email protected]

Juliane Meyer University of Graz, Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 26, 8010 Graz, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Slobodan Miko Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Zoran Nakić Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Cro- atia. E-mail: [email protected]

Thomas A. Neubauer Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Andelko Novosel Javna ustanova Nacionalni park Plitvička jezera, Znanstveno stručni centar „dr. Ivo Pevalek“, Plitvička jezera bb, 53231 Plitvička jezera, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Klára Palotás Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, 14 Stefánia Street, 1143 Budapest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Davor Pavelić Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Cro- atia. E-mail: [email protected]

60 List of Participants

Gabrijela Pecimotika INA - Industrija nafte, d.d., Exploration Sector, Subiceva 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Đurđica Pezelj Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Andrzej Pisera Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland E-mail: [email protected]

Gudrun Radtke Hessisches Landesamt für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG), G1 Geologische Grundlagen, Geologi- scher Landesdienst, Rheingaustraße 186, 65203 Wiesbaden, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

Ljupko Rundić University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Đušina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia E-mail: [email protected]

Luisa Sabato Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e GeoAmbientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Uni- versitario, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy E-mail: [email protected]

Markus Sachse Naturmuseum Augsburg, Ludwigstr. 14, 86152 Augsburg, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

Karin Sant Paleomagnetic Laboratory Fort Hoofddijk, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 17, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Krisztina Sebe University of Pécs, Dept. of Geology and Meteorology, 7624 Pécs, Ifjúság ú. 6., Hungary E-mail: [email protected]

Jasenka Sremac Department of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Bruno Tomljenović Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Cro- atia. E-mail: [email protected]

61 RCMNS IC 2016 Lake - Basin - Evolution – Abstract & Program Volume

Marcello Tropeano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e GeoAmbientali, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Campus Uni- versitario, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy E-mail: [email protected]

Marianne van Unen Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Budapestlaan 4, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Davit Vasilyan JURASSICA Museum, Route de Fontenais 12, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected]

Tatjana Vlahović Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia E-mail: [email protected]

Frank P. Wesselingh Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Wilma Wessels Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, Budapestlaan 4, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Thomas Wilke Justus Liebig University Giessen, Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany E-mail: [email protected]

Claudia Wrozyna University of Graz, Institute of Earth Sciences, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 26, 8010 Graz, Austria E-mail: [email protected]

Anastasia G. Yanchilina Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, United States E-mail: [email protected]

Dragana Životić University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Đušina 7, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia E-mail: [email protected]

Nadja Zupan Hajna Karst Research Institute ZRC SAZU, Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia E-mail: [email protected]