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Salah on Specific Occasions Jumu'ah In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful Salah on Specific Occasions . Jumu'ah (or Friday) Prayer. Tarawih (or Ramadhan) Prayer. The 'Id Prayers (Salatul-'Idayn). Funeral Prayers (Salatul-Janazah). Shortened Prayer (Salatul-Qasr). Jumu'ah (or Friday) Prayer Friday, is a religious festival for the Muslims. In this holy day, the Muslims gather at the Masjid (mosques). The Salah is offered in congregation. In a hadith, Prophet Muhammad (saw) orders, “The most propitious day the sun rises on is Friday. Adam (as) was put on the Heaven at that day, was taken out of it at that day. The doomsday will be Friday” All these events bear in itself many goods and wisdom. Narrated Abu Huraira: I heard Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) saying, "We (Muslims) are the last (to come) but (will be) the foremost on the Day of Resurrection though the former nations were given the Holy Scriptures before us. And this was their day (Friday) the celebration of which was made compulsory for them but they differed about it. So Allah gave us the guidance for it (Friday) and all the other people are behind us in this respect: the Jews' (holy day is) tomorrow (i.e. Saturday) and the Christians' (is) the day after tomorrow (i.e Sunday)." [Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 1] Narrated 'Abdullah bin Umar: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "Anyone of you attending the Friday (prayers) should take a bath." [Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 2] NasirIslam.com – In the Path of Light Page 1 Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "When the Imam is delivering the Khutba, and you ask your companion to keep quiet and listen, then no doubt you have done an evil act." [Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 56] Narrated Salman-Al-Farsi: The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven." [Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 8] Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "When it is a Friday, the angels stand at the gate of the mosque and keep on writing the names of the persons coming to the mosque in succession according to their arrivals. The example of the one who enters the mosque in the earliest hour is that of one offering a camel (in sacrifice). The one coming next is like one offering a cow and then a ram and then a chicken and then an egg respectively. When the Imam comes out (for Jumua prayer) they (i.e. angels) fold their papers and listen to the Khutba." [Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 51] Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "Any person who takes a bath on Friday like the bath of Janaba and then goes for the prayer (in the first hour i.e. early), it is as if he had sacrificed a camel (in Allah's cause); and whoever goes in the second hour it is as if he had sacrificed a cow; and whoever goes in the third hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a horned ram; and if one goes in the fourth hour, then it is as if he had sacrificed a hen; and whoever goes in the fifth hour then it is as if he had offered an egg. When the Imam comes out (i.e. starts delivering the khutba), the angels present themselves to listen to the khutba." [Sahih Al- Bukhari, Volume 2, Hadith no. 6] The time for Friday prayer (Salat al Jumu'ah) is the time for Zuhr salat. Athan is read at the minarets of the mosques. As the same for Zuhr (noon) salat, 4 raka'at Sunnah salat (Khablal Jumu'ah) is performed individually. Then, an interior Azan is read in the mosque. The Imam delivers a sermon (Khutba) on the pulpit (Minbar). After the Khutba, the Imam leads the congregation in a two raka'at fardh salah (prayer), by reading the Fatiha and the verses aloud. After fardh salat, another 4 raka'at Sunnah salat (Badh-al-Jumu'ah) is performed individually. After this 2 or more raka'ats of Sunnah or Nafilah prayers are offered individually. NasirIslam.com – In the Path of Light Page 2 Tarawih (or Ramadhan) Prayer. Tarawih consist of eight, twelve or twenty raka'at salah that is Sunnat-e-Maukida and is prayed in the month of Ramadhan after the Fardh salah of Isha, every night. The salah is offered two by two with a short rest between every four raka'at. They may be said alone but collective prayers are recommended. These are additional Sunnah prayers. It is Mustahhab to delay it until one third of the night has passed. The 'Id Prayers (Salatul-'Idayn) Eid is a special occasions of great festivity for the Muslims. The first is called 'Idul-Fitr or the festival of fastbreaking. It is celebrated on the first day of the tenth Islamic Month (Shawwal) following Ramadan, the month of fasting. It marks great thanks-giving for the Muslims all over the world. The second 'Id is the 'Idul-Adha or the festival of great sacrifice, which is observed on the tenth of Dhul-Hijjah, the last Islamic Month. The animals are sacrificed to celebrate the great sacrifice of the Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him). The presence of all Muslims, women and children included, is strongly recommended. On both these 'Ids, 'Id prayers are offered in congregation any time after sunrise and before noon. There is no Adhan (call for prayer) or Iqamah (second call before congregation). Since this prayer comes only once a year, there is often confusion about how to perform this prayer. Here is how to do it: In general, when praying any Salah, always follow the Imam in prayer. Do not make your movements (i.e. bowing, prostrating, etc.) before he does or different from him. Eid prayer consists of two units (Rakat in Arabic, singular is Raka). The main difference in the way this prayer and any other prayer of two Rakat is performed is the number of Takbirs that are done. NasirIslam.com – In the Path of Light Page 3 Takbirs is an the Arabic word referring to when "Allahu Akbar" is said and the hands are raised to the ears. Step 1: Make an intention of doing two Rakat behind the Imam for Eid prayer along with six additional Takbirs. The First Raka Step 2: After the Imam has said "Allahu Akbar" the first time, you should raise your hands and follow. This is the first Takbir of the prayer. Step 3: There will be 3 Takbirs before the Imam starts reciting Qur’an. Each time the Imam says "Allahu Akbar", you should follow by raising your hands, then putting them on your sides. After the third Takbir, the Imam will begin reciting the Qur’an. At that point, you should put your hands on your chest, with your right hand on top of the left. Step 4: Listen to the recitation of the Holy Qur’an. The Imam will recite Surah Al Fatiha (the first Surah of the Qur’an) and then another Surah. Step 5: When the Imam says "Allahu Akbar" go into Ruku (the bowing position). Step 6: Stand up straight when he says Sami Allahu liman Hamidah (Allah hears those who praise Him), and say "Rabbana lakal Hamd" (our Lord praise be to You) in a low voice. Step 7: When the Imam says "Allahu Akbar" go into Sujud (prostration). You will do two prostrations as in normal prayer. The Second Raka Step 8: The Imam will first recite from the Holy Qur’an (first Surah Al Fatiha and another Surah. Step 9: After the recitation, before going into Ruku, there will be 3 Takbirs. Follow the Imam. Raise your hands after each "Allahu Akbar". After the third Takbir, go into Ruku (the bowing position). Step 10: Stand up straight when the Imam says Sami Allah huliman Hamidah, and say "Rabbana lakal Hamd" in a low voice. NasirIslam.com – In the Path of Light Page 4 Step 11: When the Imam says "Allahu Akbar" go into Sujud. You will do two prostrations. Step 12: After this, you sit for the complete Tashshahud. Step 13: After the Imam ends the prayer by turning to his face to the right first and saying "Assalamu alaikum wa Rahmatullah" and then to his left and doing the same, you should follow. Step 14: Do not get up right away. The Imam will give a short Khutbah (speech). Please stay still and listen. It is recommended to do so. Funeral Prayer - Salatul Janazah Salatul Janazah is Fard Kafayah, that is, if one prays the prayer than all are bareeuz zimma [free of the responsiblity] otherwise all those who received the news but did not come are sinners. The Salatul Janazah is offered in congregation but unlike other formal prayers, it has neither any Ruku' (bowing) nor any Sajdah (prostration). It is sufficient even if one person prays. Some people pray while wearing shoes and many people pray Janazah while standing on the shoes.
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