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Pacific Region PACIFIC REGION INTEGRATED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN SALMON TRANSBOUNDARY RIVERS (ALSEK, STIKINE, AND TAKU) April 1st 2015 to March 31st 2016 Genus Oncorhynchus This Integrated Fisheries Management Plan is intended for general purposes only. Where there is a discrepancy between the Plan and the Fisheries Act and Regulations, the Act and Regulations are the final authority. A description of Areas and Subareas referenced in this Plan can be found in the Pacific Fishery Management Area Regulations, 2007. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents _______________________________________________________ ii List of Tables __________________________________________________________ ix List of Figures _________________________________________________________ x Departmental Contacts __________________________________________________ xi INDEX OF WEB-BASED INFORMATION ________________________________ xii FOREWARD _________________________________________________________ xvi NEW FOR 2015/2016 _________________________________________________ xvii 1 OVERVIEW _________________________________________________________ 1 1.1 Introduction ___________________________________________________________ 1 1.2 History ________________________________________________________________ 1 1.3 Types of Fishery and Participants __________________________________________ 1 1.4 Location of Fishery _____________________________________________________ 2 1.5 Fishery Characteristics __________________________________________________ 2 1.6 Governance ____________________________________________________________ 3 1.6.1 Sustainable Fisheries Framework _____________________________________________ 3 1.6.2 Policy Framework for the Management of Pacific Salmon Fisheries __________________ 4 1.6.3 First Nations and Canada’s Fisheries ___________________________________________ 5 1.6.4 Pacific Integrated Commercial Fisheries Initiative ________________________________ 6 1.6.5 Fishery Monitoring and Catch Reporting _______________________________________ 6 1.7 Consultation ___________________________________________________________ 7 1.8 Approval Process _______________________________________________________ 7 2 STOCK ASSESSMENT, SCIENCE AND TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE _________________________________________________________ 7 2.1 Biological Synopsis ______________________________________________________ 7 2.2 Ecosystem Interactions __________________________________________________ 10 2.3 Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge/Traditional Ecological Knowledge ____________ 11 2.4 Stock Assessment ______________________________________________________ 12 2.5 Precautionary Approach ________________________________________________ 14 2.6 Research _____________________________________________________________ 14 3 SOCIAL CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE __________________ 16 3.1 Aboriginal Participation _________________________________________________ 16 3.2 Recreational Sector ____________________________________________________ 18 3.3 Commercial Sector _____________________________________________________ 20 3.4 Processing Sector ______________________________________________________ 21 ii 4 REGIONAL MANAGEMENT ISSUES __________________________________ 22 4.1 Conservation __________________________________________________________ 22 4.1.1 Wild Salmon Policy _______________________________________________________ 22 4.2 International Commitments – Pacific Salmon Treaty _________________________ 24 4.3 Oceans and Habitat Considerations _______________________________________ 26 4.3.1 Oceans Act ______________________________________________________________ 26 4.3.2 Pacific North Coast Integrated Management Area _______________________________ 26 4.3.3 Marine Protected Area Networks ____________________________________________ 27 4.3.4 Marine Protected Areas ____________________________________________________ 27 4.3.5 National Marine Conservation Areas__________________________________________ 28 4.3.6 Marine National Wildlife Areas _____________________________________________ 29 4.3.7 Terrestrial Parks and Protected Areas _________________________________________ 30 4.3.8 Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife Species Assessments _______________ 30 4.3.9 Species at Risk Act _______________________________________________________ 30 4.3.10 Whale, Turtle and Basking Shark Sightings __________________________________ 33 4.3.11 Northern and Southern Resident Killer Whales _______________________________ 34 4.3.12 Environment Canada Project: Assessing the Impact of Gill Nets on Seabirds _______ 37 4.3.13 Aquaculture Management ________________________________________________ 38 4.3.14 Salmonid Enhancement Program __________________________________________ 39 4.3.15 Fishing Vessel Safety ___________________________________________________ 40 5 OBJECTIVES ______________________________________________________ 41 5.1 Fisheries Management Objectives for Stocks of Concern ______________________ 41 6 ACCESS AND ALLOCATION _________________________________________ 42 6.1 International Objectives _________________________________________________ 42 6.2 Domestic Allocation Objectives ___________________________________________ 42 6.3 First Nations Objectives _________________________________________________ 42 6.4 Recreational and Commercial Objectives ___________________________________ 43 6.5 Allocation Guidelines ___________________________________________________ 43 6.6 First Nations – Food, Social and Ceremonial (FSC) __________________________ 44 6.7 Recreational Fisheries __________________________________________________ 44 6.8 Commercial Fisheries __________________________________________________ 45 6.9 Excess Salmon to Spawning Requirements Fisheries _________________________ 45 7 DECISION GUIDELINES AND SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT MEASURES ___ 45 7.1 General Decision Guidelines _____________________________________________ 46 7.1.1 Pre-season Planning _______________________________________________________ 46 7.1.2 In-season Decisions _______________________________________________________ 46 7.1.3 Selective Fisheries ________________________________________________________ 47 7.1.4 Post-Release Mortality Rates ________________________________________________ 47 7.2 Chinook – AABM/ISBM Management _____________________________________ 48 8 SHARED STEWARDSHIP ARRANGEMENTS __________________________ 50 9 COMPLIANCE PLAN _______________________________________________ 52 9.1 Compliance Objectives __________________________________________________ 52 iii 9.2 Regional Compliance Program Delivery ____________________________________ 52 10 PERFORMANCE/EVALUATION CRITERIA ____________________________ 54 APPENDIX 1: ALSEK RIVER INTEGRATED SALMON FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PLAN, 2015. ___________________________________________ 55 1 INTRODUCTION ___________________________________________________ 55 1.1 Description of the Alsek River Salmon Resources ____________________________ 55 1.1.1 Chinook Salmon _________________________________________________________ 55 1.1.2 Sockeye Salmon _________________________________________________________ 56 1.1.3 Coho Salmon ____________________________________________________________ 56 1.1.4 Pink and Chum Salmon ____________________________________________________ 57 1.1.5 Steelhead _______________________________________________________________ 57 1.2 Description of Alsek-Tatshenshini River Salmon Fisheries _____________________ 57 1.2.1 Champagne and Aishihik First Nations (CAFN) Fishery __________________________ 57 1.2.2 Recreational Fishery ______________________________________________________ 58 2 SPAWNING ESCAPEMENT GOALS FOR ALSEK SALMON ______________ 58 2.1 Chinook Salmon _______________________________________________________ 58 2.2 Sockeye Salmon _______________________________________________________ 59 2.3 Coho Salmon _________________________________________________________ 60 3 RUN OUTLOOKS FOR ALSEK RIVER SALMON IN 2015 _________________ 60 3.1 Chinook Salmon _______________________________________________________ 60 3.2 Sockeye Salmon _______________________________________________________ 60 3.3 Coho Salmon _________________________________________________________ 61 4 CONSULTATION PROCESSES FOR ALSEK SALMON FISHERIES ________ 61 4.1 Yukon Umbrella Final Agreement and the CAFN Final Agreement _____________ 61 4.2 Yukon Salmon Sub-Committee (YSSC) _____________________________________ 61 4.3 Transboundary Rivers Panel of the Pacific Salmon Treaty _____________________ 62 5 ALSEK-TATSHENSHINI DECISION GUIDELINES FOR 2015 ____________ 63 6 ALSEK-TATSHENSHINI FISHERY PLANS FOR 2015 ___________________ 64 6.1 First Nation Fishery ____________________________________________________ 64 6.1.1 Champagne-Aishihik First Nation Basic Needs AllocationBNA ____________________ 64 6.1.2 Alsek-Tatshenshini First Nation Controls and Monitoring of Removals_______________ 64 6.1.3 Alsek-Tatshenshini First Nation Fishery Licencing ______________________________ 65 6.2 Alsek-Tatshenshini Recreational Fishery ___________________________________ 65 6.2.1 Alsek-Tatshenshini Recreational Fishery Control and Monitoring of Removals ________ 65 6.2.2 Alsek-Tatshenshini Recreational Fishery Licencing ______________________________ 68 7 ALSEK-TATSHENSHINI STOCK ASSESSMENT PLAN FOR 2015 _________ 69 8 ALSEK-TATSHENSHINI POST SEASON REVIEW ______________________ 71 8.1 Conservation __________________________________________________________ 71 8.2 First Nation Fishery
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