Walton-On-Trent Statement Adopted 2014

Walton on Trent Conservation Area

Character Statement

2014

SOUTH DERBYSHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

3 8 9 1 1 2 3 13 15 20

Contents Trent

Conservation Area Approaches Details and Materials Building Views Historic Development Historic

Appendix Distinctive architectural details architectural Distinctive Appendix Conservation Area Map Area Conservation Conservation Area Description Area Conservation Damage and Loss    Area of Archaeological Potential Archaeological of Area Analysis Area Conservation  Introduction Summary Walton WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement subdivided or their sites redeveloped into smaller cottages. The old hall had become run run become had hall old The cottages. smaller into redeveloped sites their 19 or subdivided the of the By half area. conservation the first of perimeter southern the at parkland and Hall substantial timber large 17 the In pattern, settlement medieval the to related probably river. the at a of point importance crossing result as a ofitscame about strategic which is village the occupation Age of Iron form of the evidence although considerable has area immediate The Trent. River the Walton Summary District Derbyshire South by designated was January 16th 1992. on Council Area Conservation Trent on Walton The professional making when Council the by used be applications. development of merits the on judgements will future for document opportunities thus This and interest enhancement. special that to damage of degree the assesses Walton of appearance and character the makes that interest architectural and historic special the out sets It Council. District Derbyshire South with, association in and for, Conservation Morris Mel by produced been has statement This Introduction  strong a is Walton characteristics of distinctive The environment lush The buildings. historic the the winter. in depths of even characteristic, for rich and verdant setting a provide and today and foreground matured have shrubs and trees These Farm. Hall to houses large and the of effects setting the picturesque enhance create to planted consciously species evergreen many shrubs, and trees with planted heavily was village the development, this with Along merit. individual 18 picturesque The its village the given has that contribution this is character. it part in and Walton villages. exception, local the on mark their made and countryside the into 19 later the By small a with compact, park. quite building, splendid a was This river. the overlooking site fresh 1724 In decay. into fell eventually and down Walton

a linear river frontage settlement, formed by Main Street, located within a gently gently a within located Street, Main by landscape undulating formed settlement, frontage river linear a th - on

th and 19 and

- century the village was well off by the standards of the day and had a number of number a had and day the of standards the by off well was village the century Conservation Area Conservation Trent lies in the Trent valley, just to the south of Burton, on the east bank of bank east the on Burton, of south the to just valley, Trent the in lies Trent - rmd oss ond y emn amr u utl h 18 the until up farmers yeomen by owned houses, framed th

century several of the local industrialists from Burton from industrialists local the of several century

century development of the village left a number of distinct buildings of buildings distinct of number a left village the of development century th

etr, oee, ay f hs hue apa t hv been have to appear houses these of many however, century, -

- Trent - – on

notably Walton Hall, The Old Rectory and Barr and Rectory Old The Hall, Walton notably -

1 Trent can be summarised as follows: summarised be can Trent

- 9 nw al Wlo Hl) a bit n a on built was Hall) (Walton hall new a 29 - on

- Trent worthy of protection. It also It protection. of worthy Trent

- on - - th Trent had moved moved had Trent on

etr, ih a with century, - Trent was no no was Trent

LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

th framed framed -

centuries, characterised by highly

and 19

century and “Old English” style timber

th 2 th

form evidence of the settlement. It has been carried - centuries

th View of Walton Hall from the riverside the from Hall of Walton View and 20 century

th th framed houses of the 17 - a long uninterrupted history of development from the medieval period present up until day the in a gradual progression, decade of the 19 with a building surviving from almost every prominent brick buildings of the decorative details 18 true timber of the 19 houses plantations plantations and soft, broad, planted edges to the roadside, and standing as individual or within the larger clumps fieldsspecimens common use of privet and mixed native hedges and an unusually high degree of 19 yew)centuryplanting conifer (particularly a small rural village with agriculturala roots rural village small with a wealth of mature and impressive trees defining boundaries to fields, forming

out out as part of the Archaeologist, review of the each Development conservation Control area Archaeologist County Council. Record Officer at Derbyshire in and consultation the with Sites the County and Monuments Area of Area of Archaeological Potential An area of archaeological potential has been defined through an assessment of the known archaeological, documentary and plan

      WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement or holloway, cutting across Rosliston Road and and Road Rosliston across cutting holloway, or main sunken route The early an suggests Road Trent. Coton of character the River the on formed crossing ford have the to down ground high may the from thoroughfare Road Coton on. system field early open ofthe out taken were these long that perhaps into suggesting parcels, divided thin was land the Road Rosliston the and Road from End Bells Between Street. Road, Main No.25 beside emerges Coton which fields, the between as well as Road, Rosliston south and Road End Bells by represented east, Walton the from village the into River, coming ford. routes two a were case there that the this suggests regression in Map point, to crossing major a adjacent with association in established developed have to were appears that settlements many Like “tun” name and The foreigner or origins. Celtic meaning Saxon “wealh” farmsteada or village. meaning Anglo English Old earlier the even from derived suggest is Walton that features stylistic of number well a was it that indicating 1086, in mentioned were house priest’s and church A manor. royal archaeological a was it time which at recent (1086), and Book Domesday in mentioned was village The boundaries area. conservation the of side north field the on ancient floodplain, the within settlement Age and Iron further possible indicated has excavation cropmarks furrow earthworks, for and entries of number ridge a has Record Monuments and Sites County The Age. hill a of site south the to area, conservation the outside Immediately activity. and occupation early of evidence archaeological with peppered is valley Trent Staffordshire. the bordering of Trent, part This River the of bank east the on located is Trent on Walton Development Historic Analysis Area Conservation area. conservation the of boundary the with coincide necessarily not need potential archaeological of area an Consequently, shift. may focus their develop, and grow settlements as centuries, the Over that expectation reasonable ground. below be survive may may periods medieval post and/or there medieval the to relating potential evidence archaeological archaeological of area the and/or Within medieval the during activity industrial and settlement post of extent probable other the and Gardens) and Parks Historic non Registered and Monuments Ancient Scheduled (including designations statutory both encompass may potential archaeological of area An ih h mi cr acs t te oa windmill, local the to access cart main the with association in used heavily was this that possible is It church. the opposite crossroads or junction a at river theto ground higher the from dropping - - statutory site information from the Derbyshire Sites and Monuments Record. It shows It Record. Monuments and Sites Derbyshire the from information site statutory medieval periods. periods. medieval - east. Rosliston Road continued straight on in the line of the public footpath that runs runs that footpath public the of line the in on straight continued Road Rosliston east. - fort, Borough Hill, a Scheduled Ancient Monument believed to be of the Iron Iron the of be to believed Monument Ancient Scheduled a Hill, Borough fort,

- salse cmuiy y hn Te rsn cuc hs a has church present The then. by community established

Coton RoadCoton within deepcutting - west, is the 7½ the is west, - on - Trent Trent

- acre acre LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

drained drained ground. The - east side of Main Street are clues to the -

acre field is shown on the Tithe Map and was part of the - made mound, rather than be part of the natural contours. -

prosperity at this time. prosperity at this Amongst the standing buildings on the medieval south form of the village. Cottages are interwoven with narrow access paths, one of way the Old Hall. to The village supported a largely agricultural community and was relatively prosperous. The Hearth Tax indicateReturns (1664) a village with 57 properties that were taxed, of which 7 had 2 or more hearths, and 38 had one hearth. Only 12 properties were occupied by poor unable to pay the returns, which in an agricultural area indicates a village of relative house house is the Old Hall (long ruined before a remaining fragment was consolidated for use as a garage). Walton Old Hall was the ancestral home of a branch of the Ferrers family. This eventually came into the possession of the Marquis of Townshend, who was related to the Ferrers family. There are a number of building platforms in the field north of the Old Hall and there has been a suggestion that these represent a shrunken village or relate in some possible possible crossing point and then divert off to the north On the and east the side of present the river bridge a crossing. number of footpaths also converge on this around fields Hall. point Walton from the After the Norman Conquest the ownership of Walton was transferred from the Saxon Earl Alfgar to the king and it became a royal manor. The most likely site for an early manor and there is documentary evidence for two crossings at Walton. Main Street does appear to lead gradually down to the river, which it meets in the garden of No.64. Interestingly, a map of the County of upstream of 1830 the current (Greenwood) Bailey shows bridge, at a opposite the southern Walton bridge end Hall. of crossing Was the the village, this more river a Barton or Turn less temporary slightly approaching Walton bridge? from the Certainly west the does seem present to run road straight towards from this The Trent was prone to massive seasonal variations. It was only in 1834 that a bridge was built. Until then, the river was crossed by the ford or ferry. It is possible that ford crossing was the slightly further original upstream of the current bridge, where it could have been overlooked by the hill fort at Borough Hill. Ford crossings did sometimes change location junction junction with Main Street. With encroachment, houses have reduced the width of the road where it meets Main Street. The large, raised, embanked earthwork within the field to the west of Coton Road follows the route of this deep cutting. It is interesting, as it appears to contain an exaggerated, man Was this an enhanced mound, designed to provide a archaeologicalanother earlier feature? vantage point or does it represent the Coton Road”. the Coton The current depth of Coton Road may be the result of more recent excavation to make a smooth transition down to the junction, which has left a mound in the field to the west of the road. The road may also have been originally wider than at present, particularly at the excavation and there is a deep ditch following the road time alignment. been This part may of a have sunken at holloway, one with the course of the road date being shifted at to a later the current road plantation alignment and the on adjoining 5 slightly higher and Ratcliff better estate sold in 1909 and then described as “a very land, together eligible with the Plantation field adjoining the same of and forming accommodation an important frontage to which was once located at the top of Coton Road of Coton atat the top which brow on the was Windmill Bank. once hill of the located Within the plantation near the school the ground appears to have had some localised WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement shown link direct no was There road. sidesmall as a only isRoad shown End Rosliston.Bells with east. south the to Road) Coton (now and Coton from north one the to Drakelow from one south, the to Catton from one village, the roads into leading three were There Esq.” Taylor “D. by occupied as “a noted is out Hall Walton marks of and Ferry” It bridge. the map of construction Walton county shows 1791) detailed in updated 1767, of map (Burdett’s Derbyshire earliest The agreements. enclosure Farm farms independent large some 18 mid the in growth agricultural of burst a was There 1652 in Walton agreement private by enclosed 18 of been swathe the before had land the of most as map, enclosure no is There south the to continues and north Hall Old sitethe of west beyond that boundary field medieval It a across house. built ordinary been any have for to appears entertained been have not would that conceit a Staffordshire, seen Barton be from to and views the of most the make to river the above hillside the on located was 1724 in built 18 the Hall, Walton unknown. the whereabouts another, hall(The or Hall) Old to theearlier criss Itwas Orchard. Hall called was then 19 the in undivided was Farm Warren and river the road, the churchyard, the between extending field large this of whole The settlement. earlier an for location the or man arc the an largeis a Road, End in Bellsof of end the and wall churchyard the of point northern the sweeping between north church, the the to to Closer site inconclusive. present moated at is a this is although church, there that suggested for been evidence has possible It is occupation. there church, early the of north the to area, conservation the Within as far as Road, Coton of side east the fronting Croft. Leedhams properties the and behind) (and Road 1 survived, at seen be have can pattern boundaries same this of These Evidence 1841. land. since unchanged, largely of strips narrow, the long, on the in property preserved the are Road of occupier the Coton by and Street Main between enclosure medieval of farmed pattern old this of Traces frontage. been have as would far as These reaching tofts), Road. and Coton (crofts property frontage and each outbuildings behind to land access of provided plots gaps narrow These footpath. public a as preserved is which ot, n Hl Fr ad alns js otie h vlae ae lal mre i large in the by marked area 19 of the beginning the clearly in farms large are of status the village, in increase the the to clue outside a formalised provides This just letters. a Oatlands, as and Rosliston Farm to road Hill the and shows route, 1830 of County the of map Greenwood’s

- made earthwork earthwork made - th

etr eiet n h ceto of creation the in evident century that may have followed private private followed have may that - - 29 for William Taylor, probably on a previously undeveloped site. Certainly, it site. Certainly, undeveloped aon previously probably Taylor, William for 29 under - 3 survives, but there is no accompanying map. is accompanying no there but survives, 3

th - Needwood, as it is the first thing you see on approaching Walton from Walton approaching on see you thing first the is it as Needwood,

th century.

– century brick mansion in the middle of the conservation area, was area, conservation the of middle the in mansion brick century

th on a level platform platform level a

century enclosure acts. A private agreement for the enclosure of enclosure the for agreement private A acts. enclosure century - rn bfr the before Trent

–

e.g. Barr Hall Barr e.g. – -

crossed with footpaths. The name may be related related be may name The footpaths. with crossed that may indicate either an extended churchyard extended an either indicate may that 5

- east behind the Main Street properties. Main east the behind

Thehandsome frontageof Hall Barr Farm

th -

11 Bells End Bells 11 century and century

- LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

century, century, century. century.

existing existing barn, to - century.

th century century and 19 up and pinfold, a and up and smithy pinfold,

- th

house house from which the “Proprietors of - 54 Main Street is a good example where - Barn Farm Cottage had been turned into a separate small house created out by of 1841. the which pre It was was added time. arrangementunusual at this a small extension, an Although the land landowners did pass through on generations same to family or by private sale, the blocks or new of the parcels of land and ownership distribution remained the same, more until or less the intact, beginning There of were some minor private exchanges the 20 between the estates, but nothing significant.between the estates,

6 Trent Trent is the Tithe Map of 1841, and this provides a - on -

century, by the time of the Tithe Award some of the houses 54) 54) was subdivided into three cottages, to which were added

- th

11 Bells End Road one End dwelling. was large 11 Bells Road Barn Farm Farm Cottage Barn -

north side of Main Street between the Rectory and no. 44. These include a butchers shop and and garden, house yard,a shop shoemakers the village lock of the houses (nos.36 andtwo stand a shop Of these, still saddlers number of small houses. At the time of the 1841 Tithe Map there were a cluster of small buildings running along the servants’ servants’ accommodation for the subdivided largerinto smaller units. The terrace nos. 46 houses. Several of the the original house (nos. yeoman 50 houses were another three cottages. They appear to have been unified in appearance by rendering brickwork the and inserting matching casement windows. Award, Nos.7 At the time of the 1841 Tithe Although the village had clearly yeomen farmers in served the 16 as the residence had been subdivided into for smaller cottages. The pattern some of development indicates a growth small independent in demand for small cottages in perhaps the for second agricultural half of labourers, the as 18 farms became bigger but less numerous, or as Slightly outside the village there was also land owned by Right Honourable Sir Robert John Wilmot Baronet, whose land had passed down by 1908 (Kelly’s Directory) to Henry Anson Horton Esq. of Catton Hall, which landowners, lies there were four just freeholders, individuals who to owned their the own property, and south. respectable villagethat the status. denoted some had this In addition to the principal Edward Cromwell Disbrowe Knight (his estate, occupied which by included Matthew Walton Gisborne), Hall, Marquis was Townshend Rectory then and and a the previous Rector incumbent who who owned owned and Rectory river. the the some glebeland, which lay between the The The next major map of Walton great deal of information about the various householders village, and users not of the only land, but the also trades the explain to the village helps the way today. looks pattern or of land occupations ownership. This of the At the time of the Tithe Award there were three principal landowners in the village: Sir The The toll bridge opened in 1834 and there was a toll in was 20 the demolished their This tolls. Bridge”Walton extracted WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement ubr f rpris ih cmo pten f aeet idw wt to r three or two with a the windows of ownership the in properties to are relate and casement distinctive quite are These bars. horizontal of there pattern Interestingly, common a patterns. with joinery properties common of number by unified often are villages Estate Marquis of part were were Townshend’s estate). they 1841 and (in architect Farm, same the by Hill designed probably Borough with similarities strong have schoolhouse school and former The estate. Hall Walton the to unrelated completely was character This time. this until existed not had that 19 late a with village the imbued thus and style Revival the of Gothic the in fashion build to chose the Ratcliff time, In unusual. not was half and and brickwork moulded decorative of choice The built. were 7 and Street Main 19 17 cottages, style estate the that appears it Ratcliff Richard of ownership the under Whilst Croft). as Hill known Coach Stable, with Croft Hill as known residence erected “newly a and Street) Main 60 and 58 nos. with properties replaced modern (now Trent” River the to down running gardens and yards the with Street, Main the of side west the on situate Cottages Tree “Yew called houses three Street), Main semi of pair Swan a White Inn”, “The included Ratcliff Richard of estate the that show particulars estate The Newton in estate Monuments Record (National their extending also 1909 in auction at sold was wereit but 1895 in estate the owned Burton, still Ratcliff time. this at Solney of James family Mr brewing agent a his Ratcliffs, to The 1855 1875. in in Gretton and Ratcliff Bass, sold of Esquire Ratcliff Richard to was turn in then and Townshend Ridgeway Marquis to belonging estate The Burton 19 the of end the until remained settlement agricultural an as character predominant Walton’s junction. group atthe formtight a 1850,and circa built encroachment, roadside a be to appear also Road End Bells and Street Main of corner the turn that properties The alignment. building earlier an on fall they road; the from are back setMutton) of Shoulder The (now 113 and 110 plots on buildings the why explain would This green. village former a possibly junction, larger slightly a a onto probably encroachment was roadside house) schoolmasters the of site the (now Map Tithe the on 112 no. Plot modern 42. and nos.40 properties the and 1920 of Hall Village the with replaced been have remainder The 38). and modern joinery. In 1929 the Walton Hall estate was broken up. broken estate was InHall Walton 1929 the withjoinery. modern replaced recently more, been have may There Cottage). Farm Barn Lane, End Ladle 20 the of turn the at Hall Walton of family Disbrowe th

etr, hn oa epomn etne otie h vlae o h beeis of breweries the to village the outside extended employment local when century, - on - Trent and the nearby railway line at Barton and Walton Station. BartonWalton line at railway and nearby the and Trent th

century estate character character estate century - detached “Villa Residences” fronting the Main Street (now nos. 17 nos. (now Street Main the fronting Residences” “Villa detached

- 1 el Ed Road, End Bells 11

- – house, outbuildings, Yard, Garden and Appurtenances” (still Appurtenances” and Garden Yard, outbuildings, house,

- sale particularssale timbering timbering 7

–

SC00206).

century (i.e. 46 (i.e. century

19 Main19 Street

- 54 Main Street, 7 Street, Main 54

- 19 - LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

century Primary

th century, although the

th century century housing on the

century, century, or thereabouts,

th th

with Barr Hall Farm elevated on the the left on elevated Farm Hall Barr with Drakelow Road approach to Walton village village Walton to approach Road Drakelow

8 century entrepreneur.

th built built - Elms leads down into Walton from the higher ground and - holloway. holloway. This now screens both the 20 the - in - storey storey brick - covered backdrop to the village. Here, the church comes into view, -

storey storey cowsheds running -

catching landmark at the entrance to - alongside alongside the road is an important and strong boundary feature. The enclosure continues with a line of yew edging the garden. The road sweeps in a gentle curve, through the trees, to open out where there are views of the church across the open fields, leading down the river. to hay barn at Warren Farm, with central its gable tall and round window, eye is an the village. The plain blank elevation the of single the west, Warren Farm hugs the ground. Warren Farm and Barr Hall Farm work effectively as a gateway into the although village, they were look both inward towards designed the village and to the church. The tall three From Drakelow, the land east rises to the of incorporates the a conservation straddling a revetment between the road long area thin and and the raised site of Barr Hall Farm. To plantation east east side of the road is outside the conservation area. Along the west side of Coton Road runs a shelter belt of trees, planted as a plantation in the early 19 and possibly disguising an early School and the recreation ground from the main road. Coton Road descends the hill, in a west the steeply to and a formingdeep cutting. rising gentle the landsweep, The approach from Coton rolling agricultural landscape. The conservation area boundary hugs the west side of Coton Road as far as Leedhams Croft, and then it runs along the east side of the street, to include the walled frontage, but not the properties. The modern and 18 From Barton Turn and the A38, the approach to Walton follows the flat first flood plain. sight The of the village is from the mainline conservation railway area, from where bridge,there are important long almost distance views of ½ Walton Hall. By a mile outside the the time that the visitor crosses the river, Walton Hall is behind no the dense tree longer visible and is hidden platform. on a raised slightly within the churchyard, sitting The The largest change to the character of the village came in the 1950s with the construction area).the conservation the east (outside to of a estate large housing Approaches appears to have been created by a 19 appears havecreated to been The village had a large amount of development at the end of the 19 map evidence suggests that far from a growth in the village, the static. fairly remained and village has of the the size of the core replacedearlier properties new houses have merely Thus Thus it appears that whilst the Walton Hall estate owned approximately a third of the land in the village, there is very little estate character influence. that Only can the be joinery patterns directly give attributed this to away. In their fact, the dominant estate character WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement photograph of The Village Hall shows a picket fence running along the front boundary of boundary boundary front the bull tothe cottage,fixed historic adjacent the this and along running common fence picket a a shows Hall was Village The of this photograph that suggests fencing, of 19 old any that and treatment, type this of much so is there that fact the Simply forms. several has found be can that fencing picket timber The copings. brick blue 19 later some with brick, red triangular moulded originally are Copings kilns. clamp temporary in made been have would bricks where pits, brick local of evidence some is there and making brick of tradition local 18 mid to 17 early the is example from known earliest village the into from introduced formed been walls have are boundary may Brick area fences. picket timber conservation or railings the iron simple walls, within brick hedgerows, boundaries traditional of majority The Boundaries buff brown paler, reddish from built of was blocks chancel sandstone. large the from of built bulk the was and tower sandstone the no source; was there local that indicating reliable, stones, single, different very of church. assortment the is an stone from from built entirely was built This be to area conservation the in building only The dressings for doors. windows for and stonewas reserved imported low a in was Walton 18 the In Street). timber early the for footing Main 54 plinth and (35 footing a as use this of instances surviving known a two are There buildings. as mortared roughly laid and wall retaining stone.- building much generated have not would blue shaly, of a form the in village the in found be stonecan therefore, surprisingly, Perhaps plain flood the of soils alluvial rich The Stone details. vernacular local snapshot tothe a give of photographs, by is supplemented and form and area, conservation the within encountered details building traditional typical and special the influenced the lists 1 appendix The identity. local directly with linked intricately is details building local in used materials building of Walton of appearance availability and geology Local Details and Materials Building the as noticeable, particularly are passingcloseskirts river, by. the road very river the with relationship strategic its and the of settlement setting agricultural The Trent. River conservation the meets the road the entering where and less or hill more the area, descending before Age, Iron the of be to believed Hill, Borough of fort hill impressive the passes road the Road Catton and south the From and 24 Main Street. Main 24 and street the to edge soft a creating and beyond gardens 19 ry ietn, nw a “kry, sd ey cainly ad r i sal etos of sections small in dry laid occasionally very used “skerry”, as known limestone, grey th

century railings survive to a number of corner frontages, enabling views through to the the to through views enabling frontages, corner of number a to survive railings century

and 19 and

centuries, when transportation of heavy goods radically improved, as improved, radically goods heavy of transportation when centuries, - - lying area where the local building stone was so sparse and poor, poor, and sparse so was stone building local the where area lying on - Trent. The range of materials and the way in which they were they which in way the and materials of range The Trent. th th

century examples have rotted away. An early 20 early An away. rotted have examples century etr eape o half of examples century

- century. Within the Trent valley there was a was there valley Trent the Within century. nosed blue bricks, which still which exist. bricks, blue nosed

–

at the former school, The Rectory The school, former the at th - on, bull round,

etr owrs lhuh the although onwards century

- oord fine coloured, - oe ad triangular and nosed

- - century grained framed framed LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

- - th and - framing framing was -

century the Gothic

th framing and a cruck - create the structure of framing, a type of

- Remnants offraming survive in several timber buildings, of which there are examples visible at 35 Main Street and 3 End Road. Bells The latter was in fact erected 1960s from a demolished in the building in Midlands. the example incorporates box West The - local construction associated with this region. There are remnants of 16 timbering was combined with -

54 Main Street and there may be frame with panels of wattle - - timbering”. timbering”. Invariably, this black and - 17 Main 17 Main

- framing. The Village Hall, built in 1920, is -

century tradition. The Schoolhouse is another 10

others, as yet unknown. others, In the second half of the 19 Revival movement vernacular picked tradition upon reinterpreted and in the black and white form that is this timber called “half local white effect of half brickwork, in different degrees. Numbers 17 and century or earlier timber truss within 50 th weave bond and moulded bricks are used for the - Walton Village Hall, 1920 Hall, Village Walton

century, century, “polychromy”, i.e. the use of multiple colours of

Timber framing of three different eras different three of framing Timber

35 Main Street, 17th century. Above right right Above century. 17th Street, Main 35

framing - century the Arts and Crafts movement delighted in the detailed decorative use of

framing but rather to use it simply as a decorative surface effect. By the beginning of framed building, although it had been extended in brick at some time. atin itsome brick had been framed although extended building, - - th shaped shaped ornamental chimney stacks. The gable front is jettied with a moulded Street, late 19th century. Below Below century. 19th late Street, - Above left Above By By the last decades of the 19 in the crafta of new hadreplaced by beeninterest effects, largely brickdecorative create to the bricklayer. Although evidence for polychromy can be seen directly in the village, where Brickwork Brick is now the dominant material in the village and it has been used to great effect decorative in many of the buildings. Some of the most notable are the Gothic Revival cottages, create to details.which of brick use an interesting incorporate exuberant the epitome of the style called Old English. Panels of brickwork between the timber frame are laid in both herringbone and basket star bressumer, which carries the first floor in a jetty over a ground floor bay window, a flamboyantvillage affair forhall. a very 19 Main Street are typical of this late 19 example, although less typical, timber as it does not the 20 attempt to re brickwork and the celebrated structure of timber original Old Hall, which timber was partially demolished in 1840, was a highly decorative Timber The earliest surviving buildings were built from daub. timber These panels have over the years been generally replaced with brickwork. In fact the WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement render surviving on the chimney stacks suggests that the house frontage might have been been have might frontage house the that suggests stacks chimney the on surviving render lined and render smooth a in century 19 the in rendered but brick originally Lane; End Ladle 1 e.g. exceptions, some are there but alteration, later a is this cases most In properties. of handful a on found be can Render been has brickwork floor ground the though even later date. at a painted seen, be can walls lower brick with of 20 Shoulder early The At the origins. Mutton, vernacular and texture softness, its loved they as repertoire their into roughcast) (particularly finishes rendered reintroduced architects Crafts and Arts roughcast and Render Road). Bells End 1 Street, Main 56 and 37 36, 33, (e.g. coating weatherproof “sacrificial” aprovide to designed region this in technique common a limewashing, of practice old the in originated have may This brickwork. painted white have buildings brick of number large A 34Street). (as ofstack at thebase Main a at chimney or eaves the along continue can which band, simple a with brickwork in corbelled or Road) Coton 6 and 4 at (as verge close plain a as treated plainly either typically are decorative verges Gable a effect. create to projects brick header alternate each where brickwork, “dentilled” 18 or other the above one projecting brick of several courses with plain some eaves, corbelled the in used was Brickwork former the at (as bands. mouldedbrick and ofbrickwork, courses school), tumbling verges brick corbelled multiple details, other 19 amongst late include, the in century buildings the on used were that details building decorative distinctive The white time, norm. the become and this as By walls brick plain Street). between such contrast a Main achieving 19 patterns, and Hall in Village The at used (as the herringbone laid and on school) old seen panels the of at be stacks courses can chimney tumbling (as of brickwork use and the and carved lime with laid moulded, bricks rubbed with was Decoration achieved ca.1878). (also 17 Street and (the house) Street school Main former 11 become at had as bricks fashionable, moulded 1878 By colour with brick red using subtlebluey a or out in buff picked headers are instances the of number a In commonplace. was builder more the is brickwork bond Flemish 1869 use. its of instance only of the is this dressings, brick Road) yellow Coton (8 Cottage Keepers the at Nos. 23 and 25 have been rendered at a later date and No.21 has been painted. has been laterNo.21 a date at and been have rendered 25 and Nos.23 seen. be to intended been have would brickwork the and details brick moulded incorporate Nos.21 modern. lined and rendered originally -

Warren Farm, 2Road. Farm, Warren Coton

- 5 an tet hr smlrte wt 7 with similarities share Street Main 25

- ane jiey had joinery painted th

etr fsin o pcueqe edrd pe wls contrasting walls upper rendered picturesque for fashion century

- - out to imitate stone. The current textured roughcast finish is is finish roughcast textured current The stone. imitate to out putty joints joints putty - th 19 Main Main 19

n ery 19 early and -

out to imitate ashlar. At 44 Main Street the smooth smooth the Street Main 44 At ashlar. imitate to out 11

th 11 Main11 Street, formerthe houseschool

etr fr tutrl eal sc as such details structural for century

- 11 Bells End Road. They They Road. End Bells 11

- 3 Main Street, 2 Street, Main 3

- 6 th th

LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

th th

century century

plate could - century century on the

th century century on, they

th century century (e.g. Warren

th century century tiled roofs survive

th century century when a parapet was

and early 19

th th and 18

12 century in Walton and can be found the on Gothic

11 Bells End Road, 21 Main Street and the former school and - end, as at 56 Main Street and Barn Farm, commonly referred to -

6 Bells End 6 Bells Road). -

stone, stone, generally found during Farmhouse, 2 the second half of the 19 the stone wedge lintel, the stone generally 1800 and through found from halfthe first of the 19 century (e.g. The White Swan, 2 Coton Road, 44 Main Street). Although the lintels at The White Swan are quoins. stone rusticated with exaggerated and rusticated combined plain, the slightly earlier examples at 44 Main Street the chamfered are and moulded stone lintels, and variations of this using plain squared the gauged brick arch/the cambered technically difficult to construct used generally on more arch substantial houses in the 18 of rubbed bricks. century (e.g. Barr Hall Farm has the only This example of this in the conservation area). It was the most“rub” together. the bricks a to skilled and bricklayer required bricks special the segmental brick arch is generally found in the 18 smaller domestic buildings. This was the simplest and easiest was to accommodated construct wholly in as the taper mortar joints, without the need to This was used throughout the 19 cut the brick. Revival cottages.

and blue tiles. A variation of the pitched roof can also be found in the 18 often added at each gable tiles. tiles. These tiles were easily imported opened into in the 1777. area They after are the extremely Trent replace also incorporate tended to clay clayred handmade tiles. Original the local blue tiles durable and and, Mersey from canal the late subtle 18 fluctuations in colour, which are not found in the being new manufactured Staffordshire today, blue so clay it tiles is important to preserve the early examples of both red Roofs The earliest roofs in would Walton have been either thatched or tiled. There are a number of examples where the form of the steeply pitched 17 (54 Main Street, Barn Farm), although there are no surviving and examples in most cases of the original thatched red clay tiles roofs have been replaced with Staffordshire blue clay moulded moulded bricks or tiles have properties, blue and red moulded clay cills were been incorporated as original details, as a more added at a effective weathering (e.g. later 7 date. On the schoolhouse, Coton Road). The more substantial houses and farmhouses have stone lintels later 19 Road). Coton 2 cillsSwan, The White (e.g. Farm, Warren stone combined with dressed the support required. There are many instances of this practice (e.g. 34, 38 Street). and 44 Main In combination with the brick arches, stone cills were simple weathering not properties of the brickwork. Unfortunately, normally this detail has been replaced used, relying on the in most cases by a modern window with a projecting timber cill. In a few instances On the uppermost floor there was often no need for a brick lintel as the wall be carried over the window, sometimes supplemented by a simple timber lintel, providing     Lintels and cills Lintels and types in common the appendix): building of photographs most of lintel (see The details are WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement viewpoints referred to are included in the conservation area map included in this this in included map area conservation the in included are to the referred of Some area. viewpoints conservation the of experience visitor’s a in This strongly scope. most impress to themselves likely this are that of views specific more document and general a of selection in a describes section comprehensively cover close to both numerous views, changing too of expansive, multitude a has area conservation Every Views simpler are there 19 profiles. scalloped or moulded mid Elsewhere the century. from pierced survive and bargeboards carved original the Rectory timber 17 on based probably were they 19 are examples of the All bargeboards. decorative and roofs undulating picturesque pitched overhanging large with streetscape, a the creates of which number a frontages, gable pronounced roof, have buildings pitched the of verge close plain simple the to addition In of junctions the are mitred. slate roof neatly faceted the where Street, Main 1 at seen clearly be can this and pitch roof shallower much a tolerate can Slate material. the a of requirement and a degrees, degrees 45 35 of pitch of typical more minimum a between vary tiles clay with associated pitches roof The Road. End 17 Mutton, of Shoulder The Road, Coton on schoolhouse machine with built hand earlier originally an for replacement a be to appear machine these red but have Road End Bells 5 and 3 slate. of dominance the to clay challenge plain century smooth consistent, the of of availability quarter last the in 19 later the machine of instances several these also are There date to help Road End Bells on terrace the and firsthalf 19 the of the in buildings Swan White The at examples into brought were 18 19 of the first half the in common was and more by rail transported slatesgenerally the Westmoreland in Cumbria roofs. from slate Welsh Derbyshire have Road End Bells and Street Main of junction the at cottages of terrace the and Swan White The only this, from Apart material. natural beautiful a roof, slate Westmoreland graduated a has Farm Hall Barr laidedge. on brickwork in finished simply are parapets these supply short in was stone Where gable”. “coped a as inclined hillside that follows the course of the river. that followsofthe course hillside the inclined Walton The document. - rmd xmls A Te Old The At examples. framed

th -

on century properties. After the universal use of Welsh slate in the 19 the in slate Welsh of use universal the After properties. century - Trent Conservation Area falls between the riverbank and the gently gently the and riverbank the between falls Area Conservation Trent th

etr, although century, - made red clay tiles; Hill Croft, the former school and and school former the Croft, Hill tiles; clay red made

th - th etrd machine textured

century.

century th

century, possibly by canal, but Welsh slate was was slate Welsh but canal, by possibly century, th

13 - made red clay tiles being used at Walton on Walton at used being tiles clay red made

- tiled roofs came back into fashion. The The fashion. into back came roofs tiled

- ae ie i te 80 ws major a was 1870s the in tiles made - - ae ie Te olwn were following The tile. made 19 Main Street and 7 and Street Main 19 The OldRectory - ag ad more and range

century. The century. - made tiles made th

- century, century, 11 Bells 11 LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

View of the Church from Walton Bridge Walton from Church of the View

century church tower looking from: various locations along

storey buildings storey in village. the They were catch orientated to passing trade, -

the views of the 14 Coton Road, from the entrance to Walton Hall Hall as the field Orchard across known historically on Main Street, from Main Street across across the open fields towards the River the churchFarm looking towards Trent from Barr Hall Farm and Warren century tower church from Walton Bridge (Station Lane) looking across the River Trent towards the garden of no. 56 Main Street looking across the River Trent Hall Walton towards from Walton Bridge (Station Lane) looking towards the 14 from the B5016 (Station Lane) Trent House (56 Main (56 Street) House Trent Rectory Old The Walton HallWalton and tower the church Church particularly The St. Laurence of Barr Farm Hall

 are: defining area,the conservation views Within the best    The best outside defining the boundary are: views conservation from area  shopfront at survives). 1 Main shopfront Street Occasionally there are wider views where there is some height and vantage point, such as from Walton Bridge, or where Road. and along Road descending Coton running Drakelow the curvature of the road creates points of interest, Views Views are generally restricted to the more intimate relationships between buildings. This is the case for the length of Main Street, and views are created where where it the opens out road at curves the junction and with Station Lane and Coton Road. No. 1 Main Street and 2 Coton Road form important focal points at the road junctions. 2 Coton Road is one of the few three an opportunity not lost on those who built them to incorporate shops (although only the      Some of the most important views within Walton are those on the main approaches into the village. A number of buildings form important landmarks in long views within the village village; the into or approaches WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement The name Station Lane seems at first rather anomalous, as there is no station in the village, the in station no is there as anomalous, rather first at seems Lane Station name The now is crossroads the that so space, this onto staggered. encroachment of deal great a been a has is there although bridge, road there time Over the Street. Main along further crossing ford another of was there that suggestion construction the before long crossing, river the to Lane, Station via Walton, through down ground higher the from route main the formed once Road Rosliston / Road Coton that appears it apparent, immediately now not Although cusped the to pierced entrance village. the parts of 20 early the the and reflects and churchyard frames its structure bargeboards, with lychgate, 14 timber attractive The and buttresses. sandstone striking of a blocks red of is character robust tower a with church landmark, The bridge. road even the orand Lane Station rectory of development the new before and the of role construction central the before more Street, Main a fronting position had prominent have may village, the of but centre the from adrift the slightly be at once to appears was now This village. the of Laurence heart historic St. of church The End Ladle Road, End and Bells Street Coton Road and Lane on Main properties follows and that Church village Laurence’s the St. of includes part main the includes area This 1 AREA Description Area Conservation     h frteiin rnne uvy a adery htgah hw ht h jnto of junction the that show photographs early and map Survey Ordnance edition first The the for development important an was Barton nearby 19 in mid the village at river the over station the but

point at a bend in the in road bend a at point focal a is which House, Trent towards south looking Walton at Hall up looking Trent, River the meets it where Street, Main from of glimpses west tothe river the and east the to the pasture of view the with river, the parallel with running Road, Catton along the from Trent Hill bottomof Borough River the across

- th west along Main Street Main along west

century, significant enough to influence the name change. name the to influence enough significant century,

century diagonal diagonal century

etr At ad rfs hrce o cran small certain of character Crafts and Arts century 15

View along MainViewalong Street towards Trent House Church of Church St Lawrenceand lychgatethe

LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement / th 25. As has - The The Shoulder of

at an acute angle to the main frontage and do not street follow any obvious building alignment. lane from approached Main Street; Nos. 33, 35 and 37 and Nos. 39, 41, 43 and 45. These stand The The group closest – century rows century cypress of

th 19 Main Street and the -

century century buildings on the south

century. century. Here, boundaries to the th

th estate estate owned none of these. Despite being few in number, the village nevertheless has an estate character, largely because these buildings are integrated amongst earlier and There are three distinct groups of late 19 early 20 side of the Main Street that give the street an estate character Mutton, Schoolhouse, The 17 heavily Former altered row Nos. 21 been School explained in development of and the assessing village, the Walton Hall the historic later properties, settings. generous green with spacious and

century. century. There are 20 several

century iron railings and a heavily planted edge. a heavily andiron railings century

Glimpsed views between 33 and 35, and 39 and 43 Main Street Street 43 Main and 39 and and 35, 33 between views Glimpsed 25 Main Street create an estate character estate an create Street 25 Main - 17 more yew planting. There are two distinct groups of buildings that appear to be served by short sections of holly and in privet, planted the 19 planted along boundaries and in some cases these have planted become quite boundaries overgrown. of These yew and cypress increase privacy between and the road disguise and the the properties change on in the south level side of the built on a raised street,level. properties The in the 1909 sale particulars Yew called Tree Cottages many of which are (on the river side of the street) have gone, as have the trees, but the name reveals even In several places the boundaries of the properties are emphasised by rows of planted yew, street street are soft, planted with rounded hedges of clipped privet and yew and wooden picket or metal fences. In contrast, several of the properties on the northern (river) side of Main Street follow a building line along the street frontage or alternatively the boundary. a brick wall defines Street retain 19 On the southern side of Main Street the buildings are set back from the road frontage and are well spaced. They are therefore Street, prominent and in form views picturesque in groupings. This both was directions during probably the along a development Main of conscious the design village intention in the late 19 Main Street and Station Lane had a small triangle of grass with a tree in the centre. By 1900 this had been removed and the junction character. had At this been pivotal simplified corner, and the lost boundaries to some both of The its Rectory and rural No. 24 Main WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement footpaths were there area) conservation directly toBarr Farm. Hall leading the (outside cottages contemporary of group 18 the in other the and built group this both From Farm. Hall probably Barr with association in dwellings labourers were Lane End Ladle on cottages The lost. largely been has however, Road, End Bells on houses the with relationship historic Its hedge. laid and fence picket timber a by defined is boundary field the Road End Bells 1 of back the At gable its with 18 This is an orientation. positioned is opposite, 12, No. 18 late a suggests eaves brick dentilled The cottages. labourers’ of pair a as timber structure unusual an is (Campanile) 1 No. way. track old of an part was Road End Bells property. at frontage the by farmed land of crofts plotslong back, the with out laid were Road End Bells of side north the along run that buildings The atuntil least up 1900. visible and useThis in was to theHall. copse the through snaked that cut short a footpath, tiny a served once which Street, Main onto gate metal pedestrian much now yew, of understorey lush asmalla retains stillbut visible hardly and overgrown is wall boundary brick The overgrown. with Wellingtonia one least at is There 19 conifers. its of amount still large It and a grounds, Street. retains Main Hall on the properties the of from privacy layout and the separation of of degree part a first provided as was conceived it was since it untouched that much appears very It survives Street planted. it Main today 45 and no. Map and Tithe Hall the Walton on to appears entrance the between lying copse wooded The trees. these including path or drive a with way this out extended had garden Rectory Old the of part OS, edition second the of time the by and glebe was land This Pine. Scots of stand a is church the Near this on site. muchhistory had longer a rectory the thisalthough also, time circa of house a is today 1830 appears it original as Rectory Old the The planting. garden However, mature the its and with gone. maintained setting largely been has have Lane chapel Station and privateStreet Main to the boundaries and development housing private for years the over subdivided been have gardens The village. the in prestigious most the is building the Hall, Walton from Aside gardens. landscape generous with Rectory substantial Stanton and Etwall Like the of viability of settlementpattern. the in to (1800) led of this change turn century the the by farms small lack the and cottages small for demand the that probable is It buildings. farm of cluster a as explained be can pattern settlement historic the of part unusual an like firstseems at what Therefore, separatedwellings. of number a intoup broken been have to service appear plots these of ancillary Both date. later a at cottages small of into converted apparently survive, number a and buildings farm or service farmhouse ancillary the of number large a but gone, has a house main The buildings. contained time one at Hall the to

- 1840, with a distinctive Gothic character and the tree planting probably dates from from dates probably planting tree the and character Gothic distinctive a with 1840, - framed building. The Tithe Map and Award suggests that Nos. 3 and 5 were built built were 5 and 3 Nos. that suggests Award and Map Tithe The building. framed

th -

by century building, possibly built on the site of an earlier building. sitethe ofan on earlier possiblybuilding, built century - rde as frhr on h Tet aly Wlo hd a had Walton valley, Trent the down further also Bridge, th

century planting planting century 17

- end facing the street, a typical medieval medieval typical a street, the facing end -

a mixture of deciduous trees and and trees deciduous of mixture a -

a reconstruction of an earlier earlier an of reconstruction a th

etr a agricultural as century

century date. century

LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

iron -

contained. Another -

The The entrance to Walton Hall is very understated, between Barn and Farm and a falls small Cottage wooded copse. has It a simple metal estate fence lining the entrance drive with a wrought iron gate and cast posts. The parkland occupies a long, tranche of land stretching from Catton Road Road. to The Coton landscape parkland to Walton Hall is and quite small self informal entrance appears have existed onto Coton to Road, but this was probably just designed designed for access and ease of maintenance. The lack of shaping. -

18 century, century, brick retaining wall with a chamfered

do family, who, like many within this part of the County, shared - to -

Entrance to Walton Hall Walton to Entrance

century century desire to have a house in a picturesque setting that overlooked the River

th “shrunken village”. As the road approaches the retaining site wall appears. This was probably recently built by the of County highway authority to the Old Hall, a coursed and mortared sandstone by a narrow strip of embankment at a lower level. Field walking by the Archaeological South Survey has Derbyshire highlighted earthworks or building platforms all along the length of the road between the site of Walton Hall and the Old Hall, overlooking the river. This would indicate that at one time the main street continued all along the frontage of the river as far as Borough Hill. It is not clear, however, whether this was taken construction out of use of by the the Old Hall or Walton Hall, or whether it predates both and is a There is a of matureThere is stand adjacent trees the road to roughly the road. halfway along These also appear on the first edition Ordnance Survey map and may have been planted to create the views. of the picturesque qualities device enhance a to clump a of interest, landscape Main Street continues to run very close to the River Trent, only protected from the road Although the land between Walton Hall parkland, it must have been and a high priority to acquire this area and protect the views of the the road was not part Hall. of the The landscaped road is lined moulded brick coping. This continues along the road as far as was necessary to protect the by a low, 18 views to and from the Hall. Presumably, further along the road, where the wall finishes, the boundary would have been at one time defined by a hedge, potentially blocking views. Trent. Trent. The house is imposing from the west bank there of the river. is It appears nothing quite large, to as compare heightened sense of its scale. The building is in it fact quite small by country house standards. with, and the The parkland is also simply planted, with mature trees sitting within the natural contours giant of order of the re and landscape no obvious the landmass devices or pilasters do give a gatepiers or a significant entrance into the Hall does tend was to the house of a support well the sense that this the 18

AREA 2 AREA This area includes Walton Hall and its garden and parkland setting, the site of these the river and between buildings lying the fields and Hall the Old WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement buildings with the needs of of needs utilitarian the so, Even the design. the of forefront the with industrial at placed mechanisation as regarded buildings now and were increased power of labour steam result a mechanisation, as farming in interest renewed a was there also time this At 1870s. the of depression agricultural the before just built 1870), mid of later, years hundred a contrast, almost built was by opposite, Farm Warren Farm (Barn area conservation in added the been 19 the have of to appear end buildings, farm farther storey single other the the of at Several Cottage). barn the at vernacular local found a also gable, coped detail, raised a incorporates It ventilation. of levels multiple and floor threshing central a with barn, hay traditional a is farmyard the within barn large The lawn the lining trees thin The long bank. a lowered. and largely eroded wall, the by into road cut the from been brick a of remains theis bank the separated has of top the At road. the from house the screen effectively is which It verge, village. the imposing the in and fine plantation river very the a to down is vista a farmhouse overlooking land of platform The raised a on built landholdings. proportions, elegant of consolidated building, Georgian to of farms large most for the opportunities creating make was act) parliamentary and agreement private 18 mid the in built probably was It complex. earlier the is family, Hamp the of property former east, the to Farm, Hall Barr a with built been distance. far the in thechurch fields towards have to appear both They both buildings. south of were ranges farmsteads the low from hidden long The activities behind the road of most evolution. with yards”, building “fold or farm courtyards around of designed phases different entirely two exhibit also they and Drakelow, from Street. village the Main to entrance from historic Warren the views define both and in They prominent Farm are Hall and Barr character area, strong particularly conservation a the have of Farm, end north the at farms two The area conservation north inthe complexes farm large two includes the area This 3 AREA and date late a at associatedHall. park, Old much the with a larger of extent beenthe have may (enclosed) that this area subdivided been have may they that suggesting boundaries, regular large have Spinney Marlpit and Road Catton Hall, Old The between falling fields The the is of area. notcharacteristic and bank stabilise the and erosion control noprt, ie ar al a al hay tall a Hall, Barr like incorporate, and simplicity functional stark a have they that means buildings the of nature - west facing aspect, orientated to make the most of the views overlooking the open the overlooking views the of most the make to orientated aspect, facing west th - - saving devices. Farm buildings buildings Farm devices. saving

ae 19 late century.

etr dt (1850 date century –

Barr Hall Farm and Warren Farm Warren and HallFarm Barr th

century, at a time when the enclosure of land (by both (by land of enclosure the when time a at century, - 19

View of WarrenViewof Farm with itsgarden to west the

- east corner of the of the corner east

LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

century as its century as its original

west west side facing the River Trent may -

west side side two largewest contains of Warren Farmhouse and important -

a Cedar of Lebanon and a beech. The elevationfront faces Road, Drakelow but the

–

Throughout Throughout the village there has been a cumulative loss of traditional joinery, the particularly loss of window and door patterns. traditional windows Despite and this, doors there intact are and still surviving, many at particularly examples in present of the there larger are properties, still that sufficient the examples damage to the character of the planning authority to reverse some of in the future. mistakes the damaging alterations and to avoid the same details building Loss of 1992. The designation was put in place as a safeguard against further harmful development, far could for permission. be planning so this as achieved by the need In defining the character of the conservation area we can also identify instances where the village has suffered alterations or losses that either individually or cumulatively have diluted this character. It is hoped that identifying these will help householders, designers and the acknowledgement of the need to accelerated following War. intended change that development wasthe Second not It World conserve the “cherished local scene” should in be prevented, but the rather that face settlements should of develop over time in reflects a way that and strengthens their undesirable changes described special below predate the character. designation of the At conservation area Walton in on Trent, some of the where the field meets the road is marked by a row of impressive, mature, deciduous trees, Drakelowwhich into follow Main Street Road. Loss and Damage The concept of conservation areas was introduced by the Civic Amenities Act 1967, as an apple trees. The field is now subdivided subdivided with timber fences. apple now field The is trees. Within the field know as Hall Orchard are occasional trees dotted quite in likely, the givenlandscape. It the is relationship with the two farmhouses, that planted to these create points of were interest, or that they deliberately were left for this purpose. The boundary an iron fence to the southern perimeter of the house, grow obscure the views. to rather than a hedge, which could The open space between the churchyard, the road and Warren Farm still retains its largely mayuninterrupted although this have vista, been conceived in the 18 purpose as the Hall Orchard would have meant that a large proportion was covered in landscape. The tall brick garden wall to the have north been designed as a glasshouses. forcing wall for fruit and contains some evidence of former Similarly the boundary between Barr Hall and its landscape setting was kept open by using gardenThe south on the trees opportunity to enjoy the views was not lost on the designer. The brick garden wall at the southern boundary faces “Hall Orchard” and was apparently deliberately built lower than the other walls, to enable long views from the drawing room windows across the barn with ventilation slots and ranges of single storey cowsheds and stables. There are only a few moulded brick details, introduced the house. to as ventilation slots, principallyelevation, in deference and chamfered can be seen on the corbelled verges to the roadside WaltonLullington-on-Trent ConservationConservation AreaArea CharacterCharacter StatementStatement In the absence of a local natural walling stone, a number of property owners have have owners property of number a stone, walling natural local a of absence the In stone Artificial surviving no haphazard ragged, rather boundary. is there but fencing, of a type of impression an creates patterns of variety The village. historic the in left fence picket traditional an in roots its has This Road). Coton 52 Street, Main 27 of front in (e.g. fencing picket of types many are There Old fencing Picket The to boundary northern the Street, Main and Rectory). Road Coton between footpath public the (e.g. scene historic the on impact significant a make which introduced, been have fence panel timber and post concrete of expanses large where instances several are There fencing Panel of loss either with area. conservation altered or the adapted within note jarring a strike beenthat features new of introduction the have or detail architectural boundaries instances of number a In treatmentsBoundary 43. and 34 25, 24, 23, Street: Main on fall found examples the of All restore. to costly and difficult more is original of proportions This lintels. original the the replacing and of brickwork widening by alteration buildings, historic in windows the is however, alteration, damaging most The Road). End 1 Street, Main 54 where particularly groups, or 46 (e.g. pairs preserved been have others the and altered terraced been have properties two or one only of character the spoilt has it cases some In Farm. Warren and Road 9 Road, Coton 8 and 6 4, Lane, End Ladle Bank, East and 2 doors: windows and traditional of loss considerable also is there streets other On 52. and 48 44, 41, to joinery 37, 33, 21, timber Cobwebs, The 3 original Street: Main on their properties following lostthe include These uPVC. have area conservation the within properties Many critical stage. nota has area reached conservation

Concrete blocksConcrete artificial and stone are alien to the character of Walton

3 Main Street and 2 and Street Main 3

- 8 Bells End Road, 21 Road, End Bells 8 21

- 25 Main Street and 7 and Street Main 25 - 11 and 12 Bells End Bells 12 and 11 - 54 Main Street, 4 Street, Main 54

- 11 Bells 11 - LullingtonWalton Conservation-on-Trent Conservation Area Character Area CharacterStatement Statement

picket fences, sheepwire sheepwire and

- –

Trent Trent largely because they are -

on - iron bollards in front, and a wide strip -

Birch House (27 Main Birch(27 Street) House Centre) Business End Former Office, Road no.10 (Walton Bells Post 9 Main Street 11 Bells End Road. At Nos. 9 and 11 the loss of enclosure combined with the use of -

24 and 26) is largely hidden area. behind retained. a effect conservation have has the trees neutral on specimen been This the original tall brick boundary wall, and the large   In contrast, the development on Main Street within the grounds of The Old Rectory (nos. A number of buildings stand out in the conservation area for their inappropriate design and details. They are damaging to the character of Walton abovelevel; verythe road built prominent, being  also also been occasionally supplemented by stockproof post and wire fencing barbed wire. The use of tubular steel is out eyesore. an deteriorated leaving painted, but the paint has of place in this rural setting. This has been development New boundaries of Neglect The railings that run along the riverside of Catton Road and Main Street were considered essential, as there is a significant drop between the road and the riverbank. These are in a poor condition, with several sections that are damaged, missing and distorted. These have century (1900 OS). In both cases the setting of the building now has a forecourt of tarmac. The frontage to The White Swan has a row of cast of tarmac pavement, which seems to encourage parking on the pavement, despite the large car park to the rear. At The street Shoulder is of created Mutton, by the the large impression expanse of of tarmac. a large In both would be the tarmacand surfacean to planting finish gap improvement. softer cases, in a more the sympathetic and 7 block paving is out of place material. precedenthistoric for this in this largely rural conservation area, where there is no Both The White Swan and The Shoulder of Mutton had an open frontage at the turn of the privet, yew or holly hedges or simple brick walls, depending upon the context of adjacent boundaries. walls Loss boundary of cases loss ofIn some the a boundary aeffect the character has on detrimental of the street, particularly where it was part of a unified treatment, e.g. the terrace of three cottages at introduced artificial stone or concrete blockwork as a boundary feature, (e.g. 38, 45 and (e.g. a as 48 feature, 38, boundary 45 or introducedconcrete artificial stone blockwork Main Street). This is totally alien alternatives to that the would character enhance of the Walton. character There of are the a conservation number area of This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Oce Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. South Derbyshire District Council. LA 100019461.2014

0 250 500

metres

3 BARR HALL FARM

N LANE STATIO

B EL LS E ND R OAD

WALTON HALL

OLD HALL (SITE OF)

BOROUGH HILL

1 Character Areas Conservation Area boundary Character Area boundary Open spaces Principal views Architectural landmarks & focal points Listed buildings Other buildings which contribute positively to the special architectural or historic character Scheduled Monuments Walton on Trent Conservation Area Areas of high archaeological potential Designated : 16th January 1992 Appendix

Distinctive Architectural Details

WALTON ON TRENT

Checklist of details

The details in this appendix illustrate those building elements that help to define Walton on Trent’s particular character. These may be common everyday vernacular details found repeatedly throughout the conservation area or may be more exceptional, consciously designed features.

This appendix may prove useful in providing inspiration for new development, whether traditional or contemporary, if used with care. Paradoxically, the outstanding architectural details of a conservation area may not be the ones that are most typical of the area. They often belong to the important key buildings of a village and may look out of place on smaller buildings in subordinate locations. The majority of buildings in the conservation areas of South Derbyshire are plainly and simply detailed.

Boundary treatments • hedges and timber picket fences • red brick walls with wide range of red and blue triangular and half-round clay copings • estate-type wrought iron railings • simple bar iron or wrought iron railings

Chimney stacks and pots • rubbed red brick stacks in a star pattern • square spiked buff chimney pots • simple brick stacks with a few bands or oversailing courses in blue brick

Doors • panelled doors • pointed arched doors, boarded and panelled and gothic details

Lintels and cills • stone wedge-lintels • segmental arched and pointed arch brick lintels • plain cills

Roof types and details • overhanging pitched roofs and decorative bargeboards • hipped roofs • raised coped brick gables

Walls • timber box-frame and Gothic Revival mock timber-framing • Flemish bond brickwork • moulded bricks • multiple corbelled brick verges • tumbling courses of brickwork, and moulded brick bands • “dentilled” or corbelled eaves

Windows • multi-paned casement windows • three-light, three-paned Estate casement windows • sash windows

BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Walls and copings

Walls were generally built from red/orange brick, with a clay coping. Copings varied a great deal from the moulded red clay triangular copings at the former rectory (above left) to the blue clay triangular copings at the churchyard (top right). Elsewhere copings are bull-nosed blue brick (below left), triangular moulded red clay (painted off-white - below right), moulded red clay at the churchyard (bottom left), and half-round blue brick on Coton Road (bottom right).

Bull-nosed blue bricks reappear as a shallow plinth on Main Street (above right). Blue brick was introduced widely in the late 19th century for its semi-engineering properties. BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Gates and railings

In Walton on Trent railings were reserved for certain key buildings.

Estate-type fencing and gates were generally erected by the Walton Hall estate. They were simple to fabricate, and could be produced by a local blacksmith, although the cast-iron gateposts (top right) would have been ordered from a catalogue of stock items.

The railings surrounding the former rectory (right - second from top) are simple spiked wrought iron.

By the late 19th century, steel railings could be fabricated in thinner sections with similar properties to wrought iron (the former school - below). CHIMNEY STACKS AND POTS

Left - decorative brick chimney stacks of the early 20th century Arts & Crafts movement emulate Tudor chimneys (the Village Hall). The distinctive star shape is created from rubbed bricks.

Right - plain rendered chimney stack, lined out to imitate ashlar, with single oversailing course of stone ashlar and buff square spiked pots.

Below left - red brick stack with bands of blue brick and square spiked pots. Blue bricks were occasionally used as an oversailing course, where a stronger brick was required, sometimes also used decoratively, but this was generally a mid-late 19th century replacement. DOORS

Four-panel door with simple “bead” mouldings (right).

A few original vertically boarded doors can still be Six-panel door with simple “bead” found on the mouldings (above), incorporating fanlight agricultural buildings and Georgian style classical doorcase with (left). cornice, frieze rail and plain pilasters.

The Gothic Revival introduced a range of doors - nine- panel within a pointed arch (left), plank door with applied fillets and pointed Gothic arches (above centre) and boarded within a pointed arch (above right). LINTELS AND CILLS

During the 17th and 18th centuries in Walton on Trent lintels were mainly brick or timber. By the first half of the 19 th century, the use of stone was much more widespread, partly due to improvements in the transportation of heavy goods (by canal and later rail). Wedge-shaped stone lintels were common, sometimes plain (as at The Swan Inn - above) and sometimes incised and carved (as at 2 Coton Road - above right). The squared stone lintel with stone lugs (right) emulates the hood mould of Gothic architecture and was introduced in the mid 19th century.

Later in the 19th century, brick lintels returned. They were often made from moulded bricks and clay details; pointed Gothic arch (below left) and segmental arch (below right).

Many of the smaller cottages had no cill (above left). Elsewhere, some of the cottages had a blue brick cill added at a later date in the 19th century (above centre). The larger, grander buildings generally had stone cills (above right). ROOF TYPES AND DETAILS

Local roof details Top right - raised coped brick gable with tiled roof of Staffordshire blue clay tiles

Right - hipped clay tiled roof with lead flashings

Above and below - pitched clay tiled roofs with decorative bargeboards

Brick verge details below - corbelled with several courses of bricks (below left) and corbelled with a single course (below right) Left - timber ventilator at the old school. This distinctive feature of the late 19th century is combined in the red clay tiled roof with swept valleys.

Timber gable (right) with timber dentil moulding, timber console bracket and roughcast render. After about 1910, roughcast render became fashionable throughout the country, largely influenced by the architecture of Charles Voysey and the Arts & Crafts movement. WALLS - Brickwork details

During the 18th century, brickwork was often embellished with a corbelled and dentilled eaves (above). Elsewhere, brickwork was made decorative purely by the treatment of openings, such as ventilation slots in the hay barn (top right).

An influx of late 19th century picturesque estate- type buildings within the village has left a legacy of intricate brickwork details. During the last decades of the 19 th century, there was a new interest in the craft of the bricklayer. By 1878 moulded bricks had become fashionable, as at 11 Main Street and 17-19 Main Street (right). Decoration was achieved with moulded, carved and rubbed bricks and the use of tumbling courses of brickwork (below right) and panels laid in patterns, such as herringbone (gable end - right, and see next page).

Flemish bond brickwork (bottom left), although associated mainly with Georgian architecture, continued to be used in the 19th century for its decorative effect by incorporating coloured “headers” picked out in a subtle contrasting shade. WALLS - Up until the 18 th century, the principal Timber-frame and stone details building material for the smaller houses was timber, with panels of wattle-and-daub. The type of timber- frame used in Walton is known as small box-framing - squared panels made up of posts and short horizontal rails. The example at 35 Main Street (left) is the principal surviving 17th century building in the village. The wattle and daub was replaced with bricks, known as “nogging”.

In the mid to late 19th century, there was a revival of interest in vernacular materials. Timber-frame was valued particularly for its picturesque qualities. The Arts & Crafts movement reintroduced timber-frame in conjunction with other materials. It is found used in combination with brick & render in Walton-on-Trent (below). The early 20th century Village Hall (below left) incorporates close- studding and decorative herringbone brickwork, not the local small box-framing tradition. Other late 19th century buildings (below right and bottom left) also adopted timber-frame for its appealing surface decoration, and used it in conjunction with rendered panels and brickwork.

Stone - the use of stone within the village is limited to the occasional stone plinth (right), using shaly blue-grey limestone, known as “skerry”, or quarried, imported, reddish/pink sandstone from Staffordshire, as at the church (bottom right). WINDOWS - Joinery

Left - vertically sliding sash windows. As glass production evolved and the size of panels of glass increased, the small-paned sash windows of Georgian England gave way to larger panes of glass, separated by single vertical glazing bars. The examples in Walton- on-Trent date from the very early 19th century (top left) up to the mid 19th century (left).

Right - three-light, side- hinged timber casements, with flush fitting opening casements and frames.

The simple casements with two of three horizontal glazing bars were introduced by the Walton Hall estate, probably in the second half of the 19th century (right -second and third from top).

Below - examples of six paned casements survive at Trent House.

Above - casements were often favoured over sashes by late 19th century architects for their more authentic vernacular origins and were most commonly used on Gothic Revival buildings. There are few traditional shopfronts left in the village. The 19th century shopfront had several important elements, illustrated in the photographs above - a stall riser under the shop window, a fascia, where the name of the shop or owner would have appeared, the cornice, which helped to shed water from the whole shop window and door, and the pilasters, which framed the window and door. All of these elements together are based on principles of composition from classical architecture. The stained timber is, however, a modern alteration.

The two-storey canted bay window found at The Shoulder of Mutton (left) is very typical of the early 20th century and was introduced by architects following a style called “vernacular revival”. Roughcast render used in combination with small- paned casements windows is also typical of this architecture. By 1900 panes of glass were being made smaller again in timber or lead to emulate the older styles.