Integrated Renewable Energy Resource Assessment for Gujarat
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Final (March 2012) Project code 2010RT08 IInntteeggrraatteedd rreenneewwaabbllee eenneerrggyy rreessoouurrccee aasssseessssmmeenntt ffoorr GGuujjaarraatt Integrated renewable energy resource assessment for Gujarat © The Energy and Resources Institute 2012 Suggested format for citation T E R I. 2012 Integrated renewable energy resource assessment for Gujarat New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute. 121pp. [Project Report No. 2010RT08] Disclaimer: This initiative is supported by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (―Foundation‖), however the views expressed and analysis in this document /tool does not necessarily reflect views of the Foundation. The Foundation also does not guarantee the accuracy of any data included in this publication and/or product nor does it accept any responsibility for the consequences of its use. For more information Project Monitoring Cell T E R I Tel. 2468 2100 or 2468 2111 Darbari Seth Block E-mail [email protected] IHC Complex, Lodhi Road Fax 2468 2144 or 2468 2145 New Delhi – 110 003 Web www.teriin.org India India +91 • Delhi (0)11 ii Integrated renewable energy resource assessment for Gujarat Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................ XI GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................................... XV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. XVII Introduction .........................................................................................................................xvii Objective of study ...............................................................................................................xvii Methodology of study...................................................................................................... xviii 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Importance of renewable energy resources .................................................................. 1 1.2 Energy scenario of India .................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Energy overview of Gujarat ............................................................................................ 4 2. POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES ..................... 7 2.1 Land use land cover analysis of Gujarat ....................................................................... 7 Introduction to geoinformatics ...................................................................................... 7 Land use land cover mapping ........................................................................................ 8 2.2 Solar energy ....................................................................................................................... 9 Basic introduction ............................................................................................................ 9 Scope of refinement/improvement in potential estimation .................................... 10 Approach and methodology for current study ......................................................... 10 2.3 Wind energy .................................................................................................................... 21 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 21 Previous estimates of wind power potential .............................................................. 22 Approach and methodology for current study ......................................................... 24 Repowering potential for wind energy systems in Gujarat ..................................... 29 2.4 Biomass energy ............................................................................................................... 29 Objective .......................................................................................................................... 30 Methodology................................................................................................................... 30 Estimation of biomass generation potential ............................................................... 31 Estimation of biomass potential from agricultural residues .................................... 31 Estimation of biomass potential from forests ............................................................ 32 Power generation potential from biomass ................................................................. 32 2.5 Tidal energy ..................................................................................................................... 36 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 36 Methodology for tidal power potential assessment .................................................. 37 2.6 Geothermal energy ......................................................................................................... 37 3. INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR RE ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 41 iii Integrated renewable energy resource assessment for Gujarat 3.1 Solar and wind integration............................................................................................ 41 Concept ............................................................................................................................ 41 Methodology................................................................................................................... 41 Estimated solar and wind integrated power potential ............................................. 45 3.2 Ground water potential ................................................................................................. 48 3.3 Narmada canal water ..................................................................................................... 52 Main canal ....................................................................................................................... 52 Distribution system........................................................................................................ 53 3.4 Existing grid Sub Stations ............................................................................................. 53 3.5 Gas grid infrastructure................................................................................................... 54 4. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................ 59 4.1 Limitation of solar power potential assessment study ............................................. 59 4.2 Limitation of wind power potential assessment study ............................................. 59 4.3 Limitation of biomass power potential assessment study ........................................ 60 4.4 Other limitations ............................................................................................................. 60 5. CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................... 61 ANNEXURE 1: LAND USE LAND COVER PATTERN IN GUJARAT ............................................... 63 Description of land classes ............................................................................................ 63 District wise land area covered under all land classes ............................................. 64 ANNEXURE 2: SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES ................................................ 65 ANNEXURE 3: SOLAR RADIATION DATA SOURCE AND ACCURACY ........................................ 67 ANNEXURE 4: DETAILS OF DISTRICT WISE LAND AREA AND MW POTENTIAL ESTIMATES FOR SOLAR POWER AT DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE OF LAND AVAILABILITY .............................. 71 ANNEXURE 5: WIND POWER TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPROVEMENT .................................... 77 Wind power plant components ................................................................................... 77 ANNEXURE 6: WIND POWER DENSITIES AT 50M AND 80M LEVEL AT THE C-WET WIND MONITORING STATIONS ....................................................................................................... 83 ANNEXURE 7: THE SAMPLE OF WIND SPEED FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION DATA FOR ONE LOCATION IN GUJARAT ........................................................................................................ 85 ANNEXURE 8: DISTRICT WISE LAND AREA AND MW POTENTIAL ESTIMATES FOR WIND POWER CONSIDERING DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE OF LAND AVAILABILITY ................................... 87 ANNEXURE 9: DISTRICT WISE WIND POWER POTENTIAL FOR DIFFERENT WIND POWER DENSITY AREAS...................................................................................................................................... 91 ANNEXURE 10: TIDAL POWER .................................................................................................... 95 Tidal power resource ..................................................................................................... 95 Gulf of Kachchh .............................................................................................................. 97 ANNEXURE 11: GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ..................................................................................