A Catalogue of the Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) of Eritrea
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Wild Bees of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: Richness, Abundance, and Spatio-Temporal Beta-Diversity
Wild bees of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: richness, abundance, and spatio-temporal beta-diversity Olivia Messinger Carril1, Terry Griswold2, James Haefner3 and Joseph S. Wilson4 1 Santa Fe, NM, United States of America 2 USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, UT, United States of America 3 Biology Department, Emeritus Professor, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America 4 Department of Biology, Utah State University - Tooele, Tooele, UT, United States of America ABSTRACT Interest in bees has grown dramatically in recent years in light of several studies that have reported widespread declines in bees and other pollinators. Investigating declines in wild bees can be difficult, however, due to the lack of faunal surveys that provide baseline data of bee richness and diversity. Protected lands such as national monuments and national parks can provide unique opportunities to learn about and monitor bee populations dynamics in a natural setting because the opportunity for large-scale changes to the landscape are reduced compared to unprotected lands. Here we report on a 4-year study of bees in Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (GSENM), found in southern Utah, USA. Using opportunistic collecting and a series of standardized plots, we collected bees throughout the six-month flowering season for four consecutive years. In total, 660 bee species are now known from the area, across 55 genera, and including 49 new species. Two genera not previously known to occur in the state of Utah were discovered, as well as 16 new species records for the state. Bees include ground-nesters, cavity- and twig-nesters, cleptoparasites, narrow specialists, generalists, solitary, and social species. -
A Visual Guide for the Identification of British Coelioxys Bees
1 Introduction The Hymenoptera is an order of insects that includes bees, wasps, ants, ichneumons, sawflies, gall wasps and their relatives. The bees (family Apidae) can be recognised as such by the presence of feather-like hairs on their bodies, particularly near the wing bases. The genus Coelioxys Latreille belongs to the bee subfamily Megachilinae. There are six species of Coelioxys present in mainland Britain. Two other species are found in Guernsey but not mentioned in this pictorial key (C. afra Lepeletier and C. brevis Eversmann). Natural History Coelioxys (their various English names are: Sharp-tailed Bees, Sharp-abdomen Bees and Sharp-bellied Bees) are among those known as cuckoo bees because the larvae grow up on food stolen from Leaf-cutter Bees (Megachile Latreille) or Flower Bees (Anthophora Latreille). The genus Megachile probably includes the closest relatives of Coelioxys. Female Megachile construct nests of larval cells from leaves and provision each cell with a mixture of pollen and nectar for the young. A female Coelioxys will seek these out and apparently uses its sharp abdomen to pierce the cells. An egg is then laid in the Megachile cell. The egg of the Coelioxys hatches before that of the Megachile and the newly-hatched larva crushes the Megachile egg with its large jaws. The Coelioxys larva can then feed on the contents of the cell. Pupation occurs within a cocoon spun within the host cell where the larva overwinters as a prepupa. The genus Anthophora excavates nest burrows in sandy soil or rotting wood, where they may also become the hosts of Coelioxys larvae. -
Revision of the Neotropical Subgenera Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C
Zootaxa 3941 (2): 151–203 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.2.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EADB0C53-EE0E-45CF-8E21-59143C5EC389 Revision of the Neotropical subgenera Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C. (Rhinocoelioxys) Mitchell (Hymenoptera; Megachilidae) with the description of one new species LÉO CORREIA DA ROCHA FILHO & LAURENCE PACKER York University, Department of Biology, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Table of contents Abstract . 151 Resumo . 152 Resumen . 152 Introduction . 152 Material and methods . 153 Taxonomy . 155 Subgenus C. (Rhinocoelioxys) Mitchell . 155 Key to Females of C. (Rhinocoelioxys) . 156 Key to males of C. (Rhinocoelioxys) . 159 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) agilis Smith. 162 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) barbata Schwarz & Michener . 166 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) clypearis Friese. 170 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) nasidens Friese . 172 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) paraguayensis Schrottky . 176 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) platygnatha n. sp. 180 Coelioxys (Rhinocoelioxys) zapoteca Cresson . 182 Subgenus C. (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell . 193 Coelioxys (Platycoelioxys) alatiformis Friese . 197 Acknowledgements . 202 References . 202 Abstract Two Neotropical subgenera of Coelioxys Latreille are revised. The monotypic C. (Platycoelioxys) Mitchell and C. (Rhi- nocoelioxys) Mitchell has seven valid species; six of them (C. agilis Smith, C. barbata Schwarz & Michener, C. clypearis Friese, C. nasidens Friese, C. paraguayensis Schrottky and C. zapoteca Cresson) previously described, and one, C. platyg- natha Rocha-Filho & Packer n. sp. is new from Amazonas State, Brazil. Coelioxys nasidens, previously considered a ju- nior synonym of C. clypeata Smith, is resurrected. -
Disturbance and Recovery in a Changing World; 2006 June 6–8; Cedar City, UT
Reproductive Biology of Larrea tridentata: A Preliminary Comparison Between Core Shrubland and Isolated Grassland Plants at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico Rosemary L. Pendleton, Burton K. Pendleton, Karen R. Wetherill, and Terry Griswold Abstract—Expansion of diploid creosote shrubs (Larrea tridentata Introduction_______________________ (Sessé & Moc. ex DC.) Coville)) into grassland sites occurs exclusively through seed production. We compared the reproductive biology Chihuahuan Desert shrubland is expanding into semiarid of Larrea shrubs located in a Chihuahuan desert shrubland with grasslands of the Southwest. Creosote (Larrea tridentata) isolated shrubs well-dispersed into the semiarid grasslands at the seedling establishment in grasslands is a key factor in this Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Specifically, we examined (1) re- conversion. Diploid Larrea plants of the Chihuahuan Des- productive success on open-pollinated branches, (2) the potential ert are not clonal as has been reported for some hexaploid of individual shrubs to self-pollinate, and (3) bee pollinator guild Mojave populations (Vasek 1980). Consequently, Larrea composition at shrubland and grassland sites. Sampling of the bee guild suggests that there are adequate numbers of pollinators at establishment in semiarid grasslands of New Mexico must both locations; however, the community composition differs between occur exclusively through seed. At McKenzie Flats in the shrub and grassland sites. More Larrea specialist bee species were Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, there exists a gradient found at the shrubland site as compared with the isolated shrubs. in Larrea density stretching from dense Larrea shrubland Large numbers of generalist bees were found on isolated grassland (4,000 to 6,000 plants per hectare) to semiarid desert grass- bushes, but their efficiency in pollinating Larrea is currently un- land with only a few scattered shrubs. -
Leafcutting Bees, Megachilidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Megachilinae)1 David Serrano2
EENY-342 Leafcutting Bees, Megachilidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Megachilinae)1 David Serrano2 Introduction Distribution Leafcutting bees are important native pollinators of North Leafcutting bees are found throughout the world and America. They use cut leaves to construct nests in cavities are common in North America. In Florida there are ap- (mostly in rotting wood). They create multiple cells in the proximately 63 species (plus five subspecies) within seven nest, each with a single larva and pollen for the larva to eat. genera of leafcutter bees: Ashmeadiella, Heriades, Hoplitis, Leafcutting bees are important pollinators of wildflowers, Coelioxys, Lithurgus, Megachile, and Osmia. fruits, vegetables and other crops. Some leafcutting bees, Osmia spp., are even used as commercial pollinators (like Description honey bees) in crops such as alfalfa and blueberries. Most leafcutting bees are moderately sized (around the size of a honey bee, ranging from 5 mm to 24 mm), stout-bod- ied, black bees. The females, except the parasitic Coelioxys, carry pollen on hairs on the underside of the abdomen rather than on the hind legs like other bees. When a bee is carrying pollen, the underside of the abdomen appears light yellow to deep gold in color. Biology Leafcutting bees, as their name implies, use 0.25 to 0.5 inch circular pieces of leaves they neatly cut from plants to construct nests. They construct cigar-like nests that contain several cells. Each cell contains a ball or loaf of stored pollen and a single egg. Therefore, each cell will produce a Figure 1. A leafcutting bee, Megachile sp. single bee. -
Bees of Sub-Saharan Africa Poster
Bees of Sub-Saharan Africa It is estimated that there are around 30 000 bee species worldwide of which about 20 500 have been described, 2755 occur in sub-Saharan Africa and about 1200 occur in South Africa. Bees, in many shapes and sizes, pollinate about 80% of all flowering plants and 75% of the vegetables, fruits and nuts we eat. The symbols next to each bee indicate their sociality, where they nest and where they get their food. Megachilidae are long tongued bees with two submarginal cells on their wings that collect pollen Apidae are long tongued bees with two or three submarginal wing cells that collect pollen on their hind legs. under their abdomens. The group comprises almost every type of nest building behaviour. Most are solitary but some are social. Parasitism includes social parasites, cleptoparasites and robbers. ♂ ♂ ♀ ♀ ♀ ♀ ♀ ♂ C ♀ C ♀ ♂ F Pasites ♀ appletoni C C F Cleft Cuckoo Ammobates ♀ Nomada gigas Bee auster Gnathanthidium Wasp Cuckoo Sandwalker prionognathum Bee Cuckoo Bee F Big Jawed Afromelecta fulvohirta Euaspis abdominalis Xylocopa lugubris Fidelia braunsiana Redtailed Cuckoo Bee Carder Bee Coelioxys circumscriptus Large Carpenter Bee Pathwork Cuckoo Bee Pot Bee Cone Cuckoo Bee ♀ ♂ ♀ ♀ ♂ C ♂ ♀ F ♂ C ♂ ♀ ♀ ♂ ♀ ♀ F ♀ ♂ F Ceratina Sphecodopsis Icteranthidium ♀ ♂ Schwarzia emmae moerenhouti Max Cuckoo Bee vespericena F grohmani Small Carpenter Bee Cape Cuckoo Ridge Cheeked Bee C F Hoplitis similis Carder Bee F Lithurgus spiniferus Big Resin Bee Aglaoapis trifasciata Stone Bee Toothed Cuckoo Bee F ♀ ♂ ♀ ♂ Aspidosmia arnoldi ♀ ♂ Ugly Faced Carder Bee ♀ F ♀ ♀ Thyreus pictus Xylocopa scioensis F F Neon Cuckoo Bee Afroheriades sp. ♀ Large Carpenter Bee Compsomelissa Macrogalea candida African Resin Bee Ochreriades F ♀ Stenoheriades sp. -
How to Operate a Successful Bee Hotel
How to Operate a Successful Bee Hotel Making space for wood and stem nesting bees in home landscapes, parks, and gardens Draft Elsa Youngsteadt Assistant Professor & Extension Urban Ecology Specialist Department of Applied Ecology North Carolina State University Meredith Favre Graduate Student—MS Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State University DRAFT VERSION in progress and not yet peer-reviewed, Feb 27, 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS What is a bee hotel? .................................................................................................................................. 1 The benefits of bees ............................................................................................................................. 1 Who lives in a bee hotel? ...................................................................................................................... 2 How bees and wasps use a hotel .......................................................................................................... 3 Meet the residents ............................................................................................................................... 5 Family Megachilidae ........................................................................................................................ 2 Blue orchard bee ........................................................................................................................ 5 Other mason bees ..................................................................................................................... -
The Very Handy Bee Manual
The Very Handy Manual: How to Catch and Identify Bees and Manage a Collection A Collective and Ongoing Effort by Those Who Love to Study Bees in North America Last Revised: October, 2010 This manual is a compilation of the wisdom and experience of many individuals, some of whom are directly acknowledged here and others not. We thank all of you. The bulk of the text was compiled by Sam Droege at the USGS Native Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab over several years from 2004-2008. We regularly update the manual with new information, so, if you have a new technique, some additional ideas for sections, corrections or additions, we would like to hear from you. Please email those to Sam Droege ([email protected]). You can also email Sam if you are interested in joining the group’s discussion group on bee monitoring and identification. Many thanks to Dave and Janice Green, Tracy Zarrillo, and Liz Sellers for their many hours of editing this manual. "They've got this steamroller going, and they won't stop until there's nobody fishing. What are they going to do then, save some bees?" - Mike Russo (Massachusetts fisherman who has fished cod for 18 years, on environmentalists)-Provided by Matthew Shepherd Contents Where to Find Bees ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Nets ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Netting Technique ...................................................................................................................................... -
Interactions of Wild Bees with Landscape, Farm Vegetation, and Flower Pollen
WILD BEE SPECIES RICHNESS ON NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA PRODUCE FARMS: INTERACTIONS OF WILD BEES WITH LANDSCAPE, FARM VEGETATION, AND FLOWER POLLEN By ROSALYN DENISE JOHNSON A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2016 © 2016 Rosalyn Denise Johnson To my family and friends who have supported me through this process ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To Rose and Robert, Rhonda and Joe, and Katherine and Matthew without whose encouragement and support I could not have done this. I am grateful to my co- advisors, Kathryn E. Sieving and H. Glenn Hall, and my committee, Rosalie L. Koenig, Emilio M. Bruna III, David M. Jarzen, and Mark E. Hostetler for the opportunity to contribute to the knowledge of wild bees with their expert guidance. I would also like to thank the farmers who allowed me to work on their land and my assistants Michael Commander, Amber Pcolka, Megan Rasmussen, Teresa Burlingame, Julie Perreau, Amanda Heh, Kristen McWilliams, Matthew Zwerling, Mandie Carr, Hope Woods, and Mike King for their hard work 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 8 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. -
Overview of the Bee Genus Trachusa Panzer, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) from China with Description of Three New Species
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334656199 Overview of the bee genus Trachusa Panzer, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) from China with description of three new species Article in Zootaxa · July 2019 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.3 CITATIONS READS 0 36 5 authors, including: Ze-Qing Niu John S. Ascher Chinese Academy of Sciences National University of Singapore 58 PUBLICATIONS 194 CITATIONS 126 PUBLICATIONS 2,889 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Michael Orr Chao-Dong Zhu Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 16 PUBLICATIONS 42 CITATIONS 314 PUBLICATIONS 1,978 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Methods to bridge species diversity, species interaction and evolutionary biology View project Pollinator Insects Forum View project All content following this page was uploaded by Chao-Dong Zhu on 31 July 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Zootaxa 4646 (2): 251–270 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C786FF36-DDD7-4BA3-B5DD-555093A7C15B Overview of the bee genus Trachusa Panzer, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini) from China with description of three new species ZE-QING NIU1, JOHN S. ASCHER2, MICHAEL C. ORR1, TERRY GRISWOLD3 & CHAO-DONG ZHU1,4,5,6 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. -
FORTY YEARS of CHANGE in SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-15-2019 FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Cumberland, Catherine. "FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES." (2019). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/321 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Cumberland Candidate Biology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Kenneth Whitney, Ph.D., Chairperson Scott Collins, Ph.D. Paula Klientjes-Neff, Ph.D. Diane Marshall, Ph.D. Kelly Miller, Ph.D. i FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology, Sonoma State University 2005 B.A., Environmental Studies, Sonoma State University 2005 M.S., Ecology, Colorado State University 2014 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy BIOLOGY The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico July, 2019 ii FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology B.A., Environmental Studies M.S., Ecology Ph.D., Biology ABSTRACT Changes in a regional bee assemblage were investigated by repeating a 1970s study from the U.S. -
(Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) in Serbia
ZooKeys 1053: 43–105 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1053.67288 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Contribution to the knowledge of the bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) in Serbia Sonja Mudri-Stojnić1, Andrijana Andrić2, Zlata Markov-Ristić1, Aleksandar Đukić3, Ante Vujić1 1 University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 2 University of Novi Sad, BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 3 Scientific Research Society of Biology and Ecology Students “Josif Pančić”, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia Corresponding author: Sonja Mudri-Stojnić ([email protected]) Academic editor: Thorleif Dörfel | Received 13 April 2021 | Accepted 1 June 2021 | Published 2 August 2021 http://zoobank.org/88717A86-19ED-4E8A-8F1E-9BF0EE60959B Citation: Mudri-Stojnić S, Andrić A, Markov-Ristić Z, Đukić A, Vujić A (2021) Contribution to the knowledge of the bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) in Serbia. ZooKeys 1053: 43–105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.67288 Abstract The current work represents summarised data on the bee fauna in Serbia from previous publications, collections, and field data in the period from 1890 to 2020. A total of 706 species from all six of the globally widespread bee families is recorded; of the total number of recorded species, 314 have been con- firmed by determination, while 392 species are from published data. Fourteen species, collected in the last three years, are the first published records of these taxa from Serbia:Andrena barbareae (Panzer, 1805), A.