DOCSLIB.ORG

Conservation Status of the Endangered Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes Verus) in Lagoas De Cufada Natural Park (Republic of Guinea-Bissau)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conservation Status of the Endangered Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes Verus) in Lagoas De Cufada Natural Park (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL Conservation status of the endangered chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in Lagoas de Cufada Natural Park (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) Joana Isabel Silva Carvalho DOUTORAMENTO EM BIOLOGIA ESPECIALIDADE EM ECOLOGIA 2014 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL Conservation status of the endangered chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in Lagoas de Cufada Natural Park (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) Joana Isabel Silva Carvalho Tese orientada pelo Professor Doutor Luis Vicente e Doutor Tiago A. Marques, especialmente elaborada para a obtenção de grau de doutor em Biologia (Especialidade em Ecologia) 2014 This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through a PhD grant (SFRH/BD/60702/2009) and by the Primate Conservation, Inc., Conservation International Foundation. With the institutional and logistical support of: This thesis should be cited has: Carvalho, J.S. (2014). Conservation status of the endangered chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) in Lagoas de Cufada Natural Park (Republic of Guinea- Bissau). PhD Thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, xvi +184 pp. iii NOTA PRÉVIA A presente tese apresenta resultados de trabalhos já publicados ou submetidos para publicação (capítulos 2 a 4), de acordo com o Regulamento de Estudos Pós-Graduados da Universidade de Lisboa, publicado no Despacho Nº 4624/2012 do Diário da República II série nº 65 de 30 de Março de 2012. Tendo os trabalhos sido realizados em colaboração, a candidata esclarece que liderou e participou integralmente na concepção dos trabalhos, obtenção dos dados, análise e discussão dos resultados, bem como na redacção dos manuscritos. Lisboa, 25 de Julho de 2014 Joana Isabel Silva Carvalho iv Ao Christoph Aos meus pais e avó “As I was looking at that queer bird I spied a monkey, two monkeys, three monkeys, four, five, six, ten monkeys… were called oshengui by the natives. Then I saw more of the queer birds, and lo! I perceived they were all playing with these little monkeys—yes, playing with these oshenguis. …They followed those little monkeys as they leaped from branch to branch; sometimes I thought they would rest on the backs of the monkeys, but no, they would perch close to them, and then the monkey and the bird would look at each other. ... The oshengui would look at them and utter a kind of kee, kee, kee, and then they would move on, and the birds would follow. Day after day I would meet those birds, and then I would look for the monkeys, and was sure to see them. ... I wondered why they followed them; I could not imagine the reason. I never saw them resting on the birds, but I noticed that these birds were fond of the fruits and berries the oshneguis feed upon. … Did the birds follow the monkeys, or the monkeys the birds? I came to the conclusion that the birds followed the monkeys, whom they could hear telling them, as it were, where they could get food without searching for it.” Paul du Chaillu - Lost in the Jungle v Agradecimentos Antes de mais, gostaria de agradecer a todos aqueles que de diversas “formas e feitios” contribuíram para a realização desta tese. Sem vocês esta experiência não teria sido tão enriquecedora! Grata! Agradeço ao meu orientador Luís Vicente (Joca), especialmente pela oportunidade, desafio e apoio. Obrigada pelo elogio que partilhaste há umas semanas, que tanto valor e impacto tiveram em mim! Força nessa nova vida! Um especial agradecimento ao meu co-orientador Tiago Marques! Não tenho palavras para descrever o quanto foi importante a tua entrada e participação neste doutoramento! Grata pelo apoio, proximidade, boa disposição, e competência. Obrigada por todas as discussões de ideias que tivemos, sempre extremamente úteis! Acho que será muito dificil voltar a encontrar um orientador como tu. Grata por tudo! Raquel e Céline, que aventura a nossa, não?! Foram umas companheiras e peras! Raquel, obrigada por todos os momentos partilhados na Guiné-Bissau, e pela abertura, força e paixão pela vida que sempre transmitiste. A tua boa disposição coloriu todos os bons e maus momentos nas terras africanas! Obrigada pela compreensão, carinho e amizade! Força com o próximo passo e não desistas de acreditar! Céline, obrigada pelo apoio, companheirismo e bons momentos que passamos na Guiné! Alguns foram difíceis, mas conseguimos! Grata pela experiência! África, Guiné-Bissau! Mantenhas! Um agradecimento ao projecto Dári pela oportunidade em trabalhar na Guiné, especialmente à Catarina Casanova, Cláudia Sousa, e aos meus colegas/amigos André, Rui, Tânia, Joana Silva e Joana Sousa. André a minha profunda gratidão pela tua ajuda e apoio! Agradeço ao IBAP todo o apoio logístico e acompanhamento, especialmente ao director Alfredo Silva, Justino Biai, Ayssa Regalla, e a todos os condutores pelas viagens divertidas até Buba. A todo o staff do Parque Natural das Lagoas de Cufada, especialmente ao director Honório Pereira, ao capitão Justo, Benjamim, Idrissa, Musa, Umaru, Bacari, Agostinho, Bafode e Abu, um profundo agradecimento e apreço pelo vosso esforço e trabalho! Um grande abraço a todos os guardas pela ajuda, pela troca de conhecimento e por todas as aventuras, sem as quais esta experiência não tinha sido tão rica e cheia de boas lembranças! Obrigada vii Benjamin pela paciência e prontidão em todas as adversidades! Sadjo, o meu grande suporte de Bubatumbo, grata pela ajuda extraordinária e pela partilha de um conhecimento e cultura tão ricos! Um bem haja às vossas famílias pela hospitalidade e a todas as tabancas do parque que sempre me receberam de um modo tão acolhedor! Um profundo agradecimento a todos os residentes do parque que contribuiram para a recolha de dados e a todas as crianças por colorirem esta experiência com os seus belos sorrisos! Duana, obrigada pela companhia e diversão, e obrigada Abdon pelas boas refeições e convívio! A solidão era bem menor nestes momentos! Um grande abraço ao Patrício por todo o apoio e disponibilidade em “tirar-nos do mato”. Agradeço também a todas as pessoas maravilhosas que conheci em Bissau! Um carinhoso agradecimento à minha família pela compreensão e apoio! Obrigada Mãe por me teres tornado uma mulher tão forte e corajosa! Grata também por todos os telefonemas que recebi na Guiné, o tempo passou bem mais depressa! Obrigada Pai por estares mais próximo, tem sido importante! Um agradecimento à malta da EcoComp, especialmente à Susana, Inês, Ana, Daniel, Manuel, Antonieta, Constança e Angela! Obrigada pelo silêncio e força com os vossos projectos! Agradeço também à malta da TheoEco, particularmente ao Henrique, Luís, Laetitia, Mia, Inês, Silvia e Ainara! Um grande abraço ao André e à Dona Elvira pelos simpáticos e divertidos momentos! Sem vocês as idas à faculdade teriam sido uma grande seca! Obrigada Paula, a minha querida professora de yoga, pela oportunidade em tornar-me uma pessoa melhor, e um enorme abraço a todos os amigos que fiz neste belíssimo centro de yoga. Vocês coloriram a minha vida em Lisboa! Grata a todos os amigos e amigas que fiz em Lisboa e afins! Ao meu companheiro Christoph, obrigada pelo amor, dedicação, compreensão e companheirismo! Grata por tudo e por vivermos bem mais felizes na companhia do Luigi, Chimpa e Popi! Mas que bela família! viii Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................. xi Resumo .............................................................................................................................. xii Chapter 1. General Introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1 Anthropogenic disturbance and its effects on primate distribution .......................... 2 1.2 Population size and distribution of the western chimpanzee ................................... 5 1.3 Surveys and monitoring of primates ........................................................................ 7 1.3.1 Sampling design considerations ....................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Methods for ape surveys .................................................................................. 8 1.3.2.1 Methods using nest count surveys ............................................................ 9 1.4 Chimpanzee sleeping sites ....................................................................................... 11 1.4.1 The evolution of ape nesting behaviour ........................................................... 11 1.4.2 How do chimpanzees build a nest? .................................................................. 12 1.4.3 The selection of sleeping site and nesting trees ............................................... 12 1.4.4 The function of arboreal nesting ...................................................................... 14 1.4.5 Ecological determinants of chimpanzee nesting .............................................. 15 1.5 Chimpanzee diet and food availability .................................................................... 16 1.5.1 Primate diets and ecology ................................................................................ 16 1.5.2 Chimpanzee diet and food availability ............................................................. 17 1.6 Study site .................................................................................................................. 19 1.6.1 Republic of Guinea-Bissau .............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • World Bank Document
    BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT Public Disclosure Authorized PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized -· I ~ . Public Disclosure Authorized AMBALARA FOREST RESERVE NORTHERN SAVANNAH BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION PROJECT (NSBCP) Public Disclosure Authorized JULY 2007 BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN AMBALARA FOREST RESERVE PART 1: DESCRIPTION 1.1. Location and Extent Ambalara Forest Reserve lies m the Wa District of Upper West Region. The Wa- Kunbungu motor road crosses the reserve benveen Kandca and Katua. The Reserve lies between Longitude zo0 ' and 2° 10' West and Latitude 9° 53 'anti lOV 07' North. (Survey of Ghana map references are: North C-30 North C-30 and North C-30 ) . J K Q The Reserve has an area of 132.449 km2 1.2 Status . The Ambalara Forest Reserve was recommended to be constituted under local authority Bye laws in 1955 and was constituted in 1957. The Ambalara Forest Reserve was created to ensure the supply of forest produce for the local people in perpetuity. It has therefore been managed naturally with little or no interventions for the benefit of the people domestically. 1.3 Property/Communal Rights There is no individual ownership of the land. The Wa Naa and his sub-chiefs, the Busa Naa and Kojokpere Naa have ownership rights over the land. 1.4 Administration 1.4.1 Political The Forest Reserve is within the jurisdiction of Wa District Assembly of Upper West Region. Greater part of the reserve, 117.868 km2 lies within the Busa - Pirisi - Sing - · Guile Local Council with headquarters at Busa. A smaller portion 14.581 km2 North of the Ambalara River lies within the Issa- Kojokpere Local Council with headquarters at Koj?kpere.
    [Show full text]
  • Ebola & Great Apes
    Ebola & Great Apes Ebola is a major threat to the survival of African apes There are direct links between Ebola outbreaks in humans and the contact with infected bushmeat from gorillas and chimpanzees. In the latest outbreak in West Africa, Ebola claimed more than 11,000 lives, but the disease has also decimated great ape populations during previous outbreaks in Central Africa. What are the best strategies for approaching zoonotic diseases like Ebola to keep both humans and great apes safe? What is Ebola ? Ebola Virus Disease, formerly known as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever, is a highly acute, severe, and lethal disease that can affect humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas. It was discovered in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo and is a Filovirus, a kind of RNA virus that is 50-100 times smaller than bacteria. • The initial symptoms of Ebola can include a sudden fever, intense weakness, muscle pain and a sore throat, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Subsequent stages include vomiting, diarrhoea and, in some cases, both internal and external bleeding. • Though it is believed to be carried in bat populations, the natural reservoir of Ebola is unknown. A reservoir is the long-term host of a disease, and these hosts often do not contract the disease or do not die from it. • The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals through the consumption and handling of wild meats, also known as bushmeat, and spreads in the human population via human-to-human transmission through contact with bodily fluids. • The average Ebola case fatality rate is around 50%, though case fatality rates have varied from 25% to 90%.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposal for Inclusion of the Chimpanzee
    CMS Distribution: General CONVENTION ON MIGRATORY UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.1.1 25 May 2017 SPECIES Original: English 12th MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES Manila, Philippines, 23 - 28 October 2017 Agenda Item 25.1 PROPOSAL FOR THE INCLUSION OF THE CHIMPANZEE (Pan troglodytes) ON APPENDIX I AND II OF THE CONVENTION Summary: The Governments of Congo and the United Republic of Tanzania have jointly submitted the attached proposal* for the inclusion of the Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) on Appendix I and II of CMS. *The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CMS Secretariat (or the United Nations Environment Programme) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author. UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.1.1 PROPOSAL FOR THE INCLUSION OF CHIMPANZEE (Pan troglodytes) ON APPENDICES I AND II OF THE CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF MIGRATORY SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS A: PROPOSAL Inclusion of Pan troglodytes in Appendix I and II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals. B: PROPONENTS: Congo and the United Republic of Tanzania C: SUPPORTING STATEMENT 1. Taxonomy 1.1 Class: Mammalia 1.2 Order: Primates 1.3 Family: Hominidae 1.4 Genus, species or subspecies, including author and year: Pan troglodytes (Blumenbach 1775) (Wilson & Reeder 2005) [Note: Pan troglodytes is understood in the sense of Wilson and Reeder (2005), the current reference for terrestrial mammals used by CMS).
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Stasis of the Pseudoautosomal Boundary In
    Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates Rylan Shearn, Alison E Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Régis, Simon Penel, Jean-François Lemaître, Guillaume Douay, Brigitte Crouau-Roy, Emilie Lecompte, Gabriel Ab Marais To cite this version: Rylan Shearn, Alison E Wright, Sylvain Mousset, Corinne Régis, Simon Penel, et al.. Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates. eLife, eLife Sciences Publication, 2020, 9, 10.7554/eLife.63650. hal-03064964 HAL Id: hal-03064964 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03064964 Submitted on 14 Dec 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. SHORT REPORT Evolutionary stasis of the pseudoautosomal boundary in strepsirrhine primates Rylan Shearn1, Alison E Wright2, Sylvain Mousset1,3, Corinne Re´ gis1, Simon Penel1, Jean-Franc¸ois Lemaitre1, Guillaume Douay4, Brigitte Crouau-Roy5, Emilie Lecompte5, Gabriel AB Marais1,6* 1Laboratoire Biome´trie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS / Univ. Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; 2Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom; 3Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 4Zoo de Lyon, Lyon, France; 5Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite´ Biologique, CNRS / Univ. Toulouse, Toulouse, France; 6LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Dept, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Abstract Sex chromosomes are typically comprised of a non-recombining region and a recombining pseudoautosomal region.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolutionary History of Human and Chimpanzee Y-Chromosome Gene Loss
    The Evolutionary History of Human and Chimpanzee Y-Chromosome Gene Loss George H. Perry,* à Raul Y. Tito,* and Brian C. Verrelli* *Center for Evolutionary Functional Genomics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe; and àSchool of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe Recent studies have suggested that gene gain and loss may contribute significantly to the divergence between humans and chimpanzees. Initial comparisons of the human and chimpanzee Y-chromosomes indicate that chimpanzees have a dis- proportionate loss of Y-chromosome genes, which may have implications for the adaptive evolution of sex-specific as well as reproductive traits, especially because one of the genes lost in chimpanzees is critically involved in spermatogenesis in humans. Here we have characterized Y-chromosome sequences in gorilla, bonobo, and several chimpanzee subspecies for 7 chimpanzee gene–disruptive mutations. Our analyses show that 6 of these gene-disruptive mutations predate chimpan- zee–bonobo divergence at ;1.8 MYA, which indicates significant Y-chromosome change in the chimpanzee lineage Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/24/3/853/1246230 by guest on 23 September 2021 relatively early in the evolutionary divergence of humans and chimpanzees. Introduction The initial comparisons of human and chimpanzee Comparative analyses of single-nucleotide differences (Pan troglodytes) Y-chromosome sequences revealed that between human and chimpanzee genomes typically show although there are no lineage-specific gene-disruptive mu- estimates of approximately 1–2% divergence (Watanabe tations in the X-degenerate portion of the Y-chromosome et al. 2004; Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consor- fixed within humans, surprisingly, 4 genes, CYorf15B, tium 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023
    Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023 This plan is written in collaboration with various institutions that have interest and are working tirelessly in conserving chimpanzees in Tanzania. Editorial list i. Dr. Edward Kohi ii. Dr. Julius Keyyu iii. Dr. Alexander Lobora iv. Ms. Asanterabi Kweka v. Dr. Iddi Lipembe vi. Dr. Shadrack Kamenya vii. Dr. Lilian Pintea viii. Dr. Deus Mjungu ix. Dr. Nick Salafsky x. Dr. Flora Magige xi. Dr. Alex Piel xii. Ms. Kay Kagaruki xiii. Ms. Blanka Tengia xiv. Mr. Emmanuel Mtiti Published by: Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) Citation: TAWIRI (2018) Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023 TAWIRI Contact: [email protected] Cover page photo: Chimpanzee in Mahale National Park, photo by Simula Maijo Peres ISBN: 978-9987-9567-53 i Acknowledgements On behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resource and Tourism (MNRT), Wildlife Division (WD), Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA), and Tanzania Wildlife Authority (TAWA), the Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI) wishes to express its gratitude to organizations and individuals who contributed to the development of this plan. We acknowledge the financial support from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for the planning process. Special thanks are extended to the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) and Kyoto University for their long-term chimpanzee research in the country that has enhanced our understanding of the species behaviour, biology and ecology, thereby greatly contributing to the development process of this conservation action plan. TAWIRI also wishes to acknowledge contributions by Conservation Breeding Specialist Group - Species Survival Commission of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Evaluation and Research Technologies for Health, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • February1 19 Heterochromatin Sup Tables
    Table S1. Data used in this study. The individual number of reads for each data file (after filtering) are available in the repository file “rcounts”. number of Sample Sample libraries Species M:F* Subspecies M:F* insert size size size (technical replicates) Diverse human populations from HGDP 9 9:0 9 Human (Homo sapiens) 18 14:4 Families of human trios 9 5:4 9 Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti)4 1:3 4 200-233 Eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) 6 2:4 35 212-507 Central chimpanzee(Pan troglodytes troglodytes) 4 1:3 19 434-501 Western chimpanzee(Pan troglodytes verus) 4 3:1 21 211-492 Chimpanzee(Pan troglodytes) 19 10:9 Hybrid of Western and Central chimpanzee(Pan troglodytes1 verus/troglodytes)1:0 4 214-387 Bonobo (Pan paniscus) 13 2:11 Bonobo (Pan paniscus) 69 532 Eastern lowland gorilla Gorilla (Gorilla) 27 6:21 (Gorilla beringei graueri) 3 2:1 18 472 Cross river gorilla(Gorilla gorilla diehli) 1 0:1 4 450 Western lowland gorilla(Gorilla gorilla gorilla) 23 4:19 82 522 Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) 5 1:4 Sumatran orangutan(Pongo abelii) 5 1:4 24 460-506 Bornean orangutan(Pongo pygmaeus) 5 1:4 Bornean orangutan(Pongo pygmaeus) 5 1:4 15 463-503 * M:F represents the ratio of males to females. Human trios Source amplification Read length sequencer Son77 family Illumina platinumPCR- 101 HiSeq2000 Daughter78 family Illumina platinumPCR- 101 HiSeq2000 Ashkenazi family GIAB PCR- 150 trimmed to 100 HiSeq2500 Table S2. 39 abundant repeated motifs. List of repeated motifs that are potential derivatives List
    [Show full text]
  • West African Chimpanzees
    Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan West African Chimpanzees Compiled and edited by Rebecca Kormos, Christophe Boesch, Mohamed I. Bakarr and Thomas M. Butynski IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group IUCN The World Conservation Union Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Programme and West African Chimpanzees Action Plan The IUCN Species Survival Commission is committed to communicating important species conservation information to natural resource managers, decision makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC’s Action Plans, Occasional Papers, newsletter Species and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation. To date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to SSC Specialist Groups. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Council of Agriculture (COA), Taiwan has awarded major grants to the SSC’s Wildlife Trade Programme and Conser- vation Communications Programme. This support has enabled SSC to continue its valuable technical advisory service to the Parties to CITES as well as to the larger global conservation community. Among other responsibilities, the COA is in charge of matters concerning the designation and management of nature reserves, conservation of wildlife and their habitats, conser- vation of natural landscapes, coordination of law enforcement efforts, as well as promotion of conservation education, research, and international cooperation. The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) provides significant annual operating support to the SSC.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Edition
    2 BULLETIN OTTER PELT SEIZURES IN NEPAL REPTILE PET MARKET IN JAPAN MEDICINAL USE OF PRIMATES IN BENIN OCTOBER 2018 OCTOBER 2 30 NO. VOL. The journal of TRAFFIC disseminates information on the trade in wild animal and plant resources 75$)),&ZDVHVWDEOLVKHG LQWRSHUIRUPZKDW UHPDLQVDXQLTXHUROHDVD JOREDOVSHFLDOLVWOHDGLQJDQG VXSSRUWLQJH൵RUWVWRLGHQWLI\ DQGDGGUHVVFRQVHUYDWLRQ FKDOOHQJHVDQGVROXWLRQV OLQNHGWRWUDGHLQZLOG NATURE PICTURE LIBRARY / WWF PICTURE LIBRARY NATURE DQLPDOVDQGSODQWV TRAFFIC’s Vision is of a world in which trade in wild plants and animals is managed at sustainable levels without damaging the integrity RIHFRORJLFDOV\VWHPVDQGLQVXFKDPDQQHUWKDWLWPDNHVDVLJQLÀFDQWFRQWULEXWLRQWRKXPDQQHHGVVXSSRUWVORFDODQGQDWLRQDO economies and helps to motivate commitments to the conservation of wild species and their habitats. rade in wildlife is vital to meeting created by illegal and/or unsustainable wildlife trade. the needs of a significant proport- TRAFFIC’s aim is to encourage sustainability by providing Tion of the world’s popul ation. government, decision-makers, traders, businesses, consu- Products derived from tens of thousands mers and others with an interest in wildlife trade with of species of plants and animals are reliable information about trade volumes, trends, pathways traded and used for the purposes of, and impacts, along with guidance on how to respond where among other things, medicine, food, trade is illegal or unsustainable. fuel, building materials, clothing and ornament ation. TRAFFIC’s reports and advice provide a technical basis for the establishment of effective conservation policies and Most of the trade is legal and much of it programmes to ensure that trade in wildlife is maintained sustainable, but a significant proportion is within sustainable levels and conducted according to not. As well as threatening these resources, national and inter national laws and agreements.
    [Show full text]
  • Vocal Activity of Lesser Galagos (Galago Spp.) at Zoos
    Zoo Biology 9999 : 1–10 (2016) RESEARCH ARTICLE Vocal Activity of Lesser Galagos (Galago spp.) at Zoos Irena Schneiderova, 1* Jan Zouhar,2 Lucie Stefanska, 1 Barbora Cerna Bolfıkova, 3 Stanislav Lhota,4,5 and Pavel Brandl6 1Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 2Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic 3Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical Agrisciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 4Department of Husbandry and Ethology of Animals, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 5Ust ı nad Labem Zoo, Ust ı nad Labem, Czech Republic 6Prague Zoological Garden, Prague, Czech Republic Almost nothing is known about the natural vocal behavior of lesser galagos living in zoos. This is perhaps because they are usually kept in nocturnal exhibits separated from the visitors by a transparent and acoustically insulating glass barrier. The aim of the present study was therefore to fill this gap in knowledge of the vocal behavior of lesser galagos from zoos. This knowledge might be beneficial because the vocalizations of these small primates can be used for species determination. We performed a 10-day-long acoustic monitoring of vocal activity in each of seven various groups of Galago senegalensis and G. moholi living at four zoos. We quantitatively evaluated the occurrence of four loud vocalization types present in both species, including the most species-specific advertisement call. We found that qualitative as well as quantitative differences exist in the vocal behavior of the studied groups.
    [Show full text]
  • OPTIMAL FORAGING on the ROOF of the WORLD: a FIELD STUDY of HIMALAYAN LANGURS a Dissertation Submitted to Kent State University
    OPTIMAL FORAGING ON THE ROOF OF THE WORLD: A FIELD STUDY OF HIMALAYAN LANGURS A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Kenneth A. Sayers May 2008 Dissertation written by Kenneth A. Sayers B.A., Anderson University, 1996 M.A., Kent State University, 1999 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2008 Approved by ____________________________________, Dr. Marilyn A. Norconk Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee ____________________________________, Dr. C. Owen Lovejoy Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee ____________________________________, Dr. Richard S. Meindl Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee ____________________________________, Dr. Charles R. Menzel Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Accepted by ____________________________________, Dr. Robert V. Dorman Director, School of Biomedical Sciences ____________________________________, Dr. John R. D. Stalvey Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................... viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................x Chapter I. PRIMATES AT THE EXTREMES ..................................................1 Introduction: Primates in marginal habitats ......................................1 Prosimii .............................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies
    ISSN: 2028-9324 Impact Factor: 4.063 CODEN: IJIABO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED STUDIES Vol. 24 N. 2 September 2018 International Peer Reviewed Monthly Journal Innovative Space of Scientific Research Journals http://www.issr-journals.org/ International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies (ISSN: 2028-9324) is a peer reviewed multidisciplinary international journal publishing original and high-quality articles covering a wide range of topics in engineering, science and technology. IJIAS is an open access journal that publishes papers submitted in English, French and Spanish. The journal aims to give its contribution for enhancement of research studies and be a recognized forum attracting authors and audiences from both the academic and industrial communities interested in state-of-the art research activities in innovation and applied science areas, which cover topics including (but not limited to): Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Business, Management and Accounting, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Computer Science, Decision Sciences, Dentistry, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Energy, Engineering, Environmental Science, Health Professions, Immunology and Microbiology, Materials Science, Mathematics, Medicine, Neuroscience, Nursing, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, Physics and Astronomy, Psychology, Social Sciences, Veterinary. IJIAS hopes that Researchers, Graduate students, Developers, Professionals and others would make use of this journal publication for the development of innovation and scientific research. Contributions should not have been previously published nor be currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. All research articles, review articles, short communications and technical notes are pre-reviewed by the editor, and if appropriate, sent for blind peer review.
    [Show full text]