BildnerWorld Bulletin of the Bildner Center vol.1 2004-2005 IN THIS ISSUE: The Bildner Center Enters a New Era The New Bildner Center 1 by Mauricio A. Font 3 Brazilian Presidents at the The new century brought major change to Bildner Center the Bildner Center. In 1999-2000, when Lula touts Brazil's economic we began to explore new directions for prospects the Center, our attention was drawn to two main ideas. Past President Cardoso First, we agreed that the Bildner Center receives Honorary Degree should focus on the assessment of emergent tendencies in the region—processes of de- 2004 Conferences 4 mocratization and the promotion of human Humboldt Conference rights, structural reforms and sustainable Cuba Today Conference development, globalization, regional inte- Albert Bildner, President Lula da Silva, gration, and changing US-Latin America Mauricio Font US–Cuba Relations relations. Emphasis would fall on new de- great venue for bringing people together. Conference bates about social, political, and economic The University’s mandate to reach out to shifts in the region. Though much of Latin Recollections 5 all sectors in this great global city, together America and the Caribbean seemed to be with the latter’s prominence in the region, Diego, Frida and Trotsky moving in the same direction, various voic- naturally implied a serious look at our es demanded reforms that effectively pro- Special Projects 6 many links with Latin America and the Ca- mote social and sustainable development. ribbean. New York is the paramount global Brazil Project Important distinctions had to be better un- city and millions of Latin Americans have derstood. A bird’s eye comparison of pro- Cuba Project made it their home. cesses of reform in Brazil, Mexico, Chile These ideas reinforced each other and Bildner Western Hemisphere 7 and Cuba showed not only contrasting bal- convinced us to rededicate the Center as Book Series ances between continuity and change, but a policy-oriented international forum fo- also the emergence of new voices claiming cused on the well-being of the peoples of Bildner Center Launches New roles in strategies for development, political the Americas. The first objective of the new Book Series modernization, and redefined roles in glob- Bildner Center was to aggressively design Reforming Brazil al affairs. To play a significant role in the a program of seminars, international sym- study of those processes the Center should posia, related events, and publications to Cuban Counterpoints fully address the international debate about bring together faculty and students from how best to improve the well-being of the Bildner 2003-2004 8 The City University of New York, policy- peoples of the Western Hemisphere. Highlights makers, academics, and other stakeholders from other research centers, foundations, Latin American Consuls As a forum, the Center non-governmental organizations, and civil Luncheon addresses debates on how society organizations in the Americas and the rest of the world. Cuba Project Launches Online best to improve the well- Directory of Cuba Specialists We have achieved our basic aims in this being of the peoples of regard. In the last four years the Bildner Bildner Fellows and CUNY 10 Center organized dozens of seminars and Faculty the Western Hemisphere five international symposia, as listed on our website. We sharpened the focus on a hand- Bildner Fellows Research Second, the idea of organizing the Bild- ful of themes, working with colleagues and CUNY Faculty Research ner Center as a broad international forum programs throughout the CUNY system seemed natural, considering the compara- and beyond. We learned to cooperate with tive advantages related to The Graduate diplomatic corps, research centers and non- Center’s mission and location. The very governmental organizations throughout move of The Graduate Center to the re- furbished B. Altman building provided a Continued on next page

Bildner Center for Western Hemisphere Studies one BILDNER CENTER The Graduate Center, City University of New York FOR WESTERN HEMISPHERE STUDIES 365 Fifth Avenue Suite 5209 New York, NY 10016 ourselves of the sustained collaborative Continued from page 1 BILDNER CENTER effort called for in the next four years and The Bildner Center brings together the New York area. As a result, the Cen- beyond. Building on current strengths, we scholars, policy makers, civil society ter has become widely known throughout need to launch research initiatives and aug- leaders, and other stakeholders to further the Americas as a world-class forum and ment the Bildner Center’s contribution to understanding and policy-oriented re- research center. In 2004 alone, we were the generation of new knowledge. We need search concerning governability, human greatly honored by visits from two presi- to better sell our ideas to academic authori- security and the economic well-being of peoples in the Americas. dents from Brazil, the largest country in ties and vital supporters. We face the chal- Latin America: President Luiz Inácio Lula lenges of consolidating our position in the Founded in 1982 with the support of phi- da Silva and former President Fernando midst of challenges from competing agen- lanthropist Albert Bildner, the Center has Henrique Cardoso. das, budget constraints, and inevitable in- been directed by sociologist Mauricio stitutional change. Font since 2000. The non-partisan and In the last four years the There are plenty of grounds to be opti- multi-disciplinary center organizes and Bildner Center organized mistic. The new Bildner Center’s mission sponsors a range of activities. is today more sharply defined, shared and dozens of seminars and supported than at the turn of the century. It DIRECTOR five international may be more relevant than ever. New York’s Mauricio Font long history of ties to Latin America and FELLOWS symposia. the Caribbean—financial, economic, polit- Desmond Arias ical, and cultural—is well documented. We John Jay College of Criminal Justice Faculty and student involvement has been are still reckoning the full extent to which Jerry Carlson a major ingredient in the Center’s achieve- recent and ongoing migration flows have City College ments. Our country specific programs and further connected us inextricably to the rest Margaret E. Crahan other special projects are good examples. of the Americas. As New York is now home Hunter College & The Graduate Center In 2004, Distinguished Professor Margaret to some four million people from Latin Kenneth Erickson Crahan (The Graduate Center and Hunter America and the Caribbean, it and its en- Hunter College & The Graduate Center College) played the key role in organiz- virons have become a fundamental point of Ted Henken ing a conference on US-Cuba relations, an Baruch College event in which professor Ted Henken (Ba- The new Bildner Center’s Alfonso Quiroz ruch College) and two graduate students mission is today more Baruch College & The Graduate Center also coordinated. These and other members J. Michael Turner of faculty and student body, as well as staff sharply defined, shared Hunter College and interns at the Center, helped organize and supported than at the Mark Ungar the international symposium on today’s Brooklyn College Cuba. Later this year, Distinguished Pro- turn of the century. fessor Raquel Chang-Rodriguez, Alfonso STAFF Quiroz, and others joined the large inter- reference to the region. The census, school Outreach Coordinator national conference, “Alexander von Hum- counts, and other surveys report Hispanics, Danielle Xuereb boldt: From the Americas to the Cosmos.” Latinos, and Latin Americans at large to be Conference Coordinator The Brazil Project has led to equally im- one of the largest and fastest-growing blocs Scott Larson pressive forms of collaboration with senior in the Greater New York area. Research Assistants faculty and recently hired professors. Alto- Today, the Bildner Center plays an im- Carlene Buchanan gether, the new phase of the Bildner Center portant role in The City University of New Alejandra Bujones has drawn from the efforts of nearly two York’s new importance in policy-oriented Anthony Buttaro dozen members of the CUNY faculty and a studies of the Americas. We are in tune with Michael Landis large number of students. Collaboration has the evolving agenda of the Western Hemi- Grant Writer/Copy Editor been critical in the launching of the Bildner sphere. Our accomplishments invite atten- Karen Young Western Hemisphere Studies book series. tion. We have mechanisms and momentum. We have reasons to be proud of these and We are much better able than ever to ad- Interns other achievements described in this bulle- dress major issues in our changing world Marie-Claude Jean Baptiste tin or on the Bildner Center website. Yet it with academic rigor and responsibility. The Wilmer Castro would be a mistake to take the new Bildner agenda is clear and much work remains to Lillian Gilbert Center for granted. We all need to remind be done. Manos a la obra! Steve Perez Liz de Souza Alejandro Zulberti

BILDNER WORLD Editorial Committee www.bildner.org Mauricio Font Visit our website for Danielle Xuereb information on upcoming events and minicourses. Scott Larson Lay-Out and Graphics Danielle Xuereb two BRAZILIAN PRESIDENTS AT THE GRADUATE CENTER Lula offers optimistic view of Brazil's economic prospects Brazil is on the road to economic recovery net-based remittance program administrat- Paulinho’s infectious melodies and Lula’s and remittances from citizens ed by the government-owned populist appeal – at one point he compared living abroad are helping drive Caixa Economica Federal, the Brazilian immigrants on hand to his fa- the country’s development, Brazil’s third largest bank. ther, who migrated from northern Brazil to Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Remittances by more-than São Paulo in the 1950s “in order to survive” “Lula” da Silva told a festive 2 million Brazilians living – made for an emotional evening. “He was gathering of more than 500 ac- abroad pumped an estimated so lucky,” Lula said of his father, “that his ademics, media and Brazilian $5.2 billion into the Brazilian immigrants at The Graduate economy in 2003, according "Brazil is a country that Center on June 23. to the Caixa. The new pro- offers no risks, only “The worst is over,” Lula said, gram is designed to stream- speaking to a standing-room line the remittance process by opportunities." crowd that packed the Center’s allowing Brazilian expatriots Harold M. Proshansky Audito- to establish online accounts, son became president.” Audience members, rium and two adjoining confer- thereby avoiding tariffs and some waving Brazilian flags, repeatedly in- ence rooms. “I am convinced that Brazil fees charged by private banks and financial terrupted Lula with standing ovations, and has entered a cycle of sustainable growth services. when he finished his speech, dozens rushed that will only move ahead without return. The evening, which was hosted by The the stage to shake the President’s hand. Brazil is a country that offers no risks, only Graduate Center’s Bildner Center for The evening was the latest in a series of opportunities.” Western Hemisphere Studies, also featured events related to the Bildner Center’s Bra- Lula, a member of the left-leaning Partido a performance by renowned musician Pau- zil Project, which encourages the study of dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party) who linho da Viola, whose Samba-infused songs the processes of reform and sustainable was elected president in 2002, visited The have made him a popular international per- social development in the South American Graduate Center to help launch a new Inter- former and folk hero in Brazil. nation and surrounding countries.

Fernando Henrique Cardoso awarded honorary degree Fernando Henrique Since his presidency Mr. Cardoso has A large number of professors, dignitaries, Cardoso, noted worked on several issues regarding global business and civil society leaders, admin- world intellectual dynamics and international development. istrators, and students attended the cer- and former Presi- He served as Chairman to the United Na- emony. dent of Brazil tions panel on the relationship between the The guest list included Ambassador Her- (1994-2002), was U.N. and civil society and he is currently aldo Muñoz, Chile’s Representative to the awarded a Doctor involved in the development of the Insti- United Nations and long-term acquain- of Humane Let- tuto Fernando Henrique Cardoso - a center tance of President Cardoso since the years ters honoris causa with the dual mission of storing documents he spent in Santiago de Chile (1964-68) as by The Graduate related to Cardoso’s career and forum for exile from Brazil’s military regime. Cardo- Center of the City debate on the choices and challenges that so’s enduring significance as statesman and University of New Brazil and Latin America face in the pur- public intellectual throughout the Americas York this past Fri- suit of sustainable growth and human de- also accounts for the presence of several day, October 29, velopment. other diplomats from the region. 2004. This prestigious honorary degree rec- The Graduate Center’s President Fran- A large number of Brazilianists from ognizes Mr. Cardoso’s long achievements ces Degen Horowitz hosted the ceremony the region attended the ceremony. From as academic, public intellectual, reformer, awarding the degree, with Vice President CUNY, the Brazil experts included Des- and champion of democracy. Steve Gorelick acting as moderator. Mr. mond Arias, John Collins, Amy Chazkel, In a speech accompanying the ceremony, Albert Bildner and Mrs. Lin Bildner, ac- Margaret Crahan, Kenneth Erickson, Mau- Mr. Cardoso addressed the role of civil quaintances of President Cardoso who were ricio Font, John Hammond, and Michael society in global affairs. According to Mr. actively engaged in his visit, were present Turner. Also present were members of the Cardoso, civil society is a vital force in the at the ceremony. Mr. Bildner performed the faculty at Fordham University, Yale, Princ- new forms of international and global co- hooding of President Cardoso. Speaking eton University, Harvard, Temple, Rutgers, operation to foster democracy, well-being, in fluent Portuguese and without notes, he and the University of Connecticut. Several and sustainable development. The trans- discussed Cardoso’s significance as states- leading figures from the business world, in- national role of civil society organizations man and intellectual. Professor Mauricio cluded Robert Smith, Bob Stebbings, Paulo plays an integral role in the globalization Font, Director of the Bildner Center, read Vieira da Cunha, and others. process. the official Citation. three 2004 CONFERENCES Alexander von Humboldt: Cuba Today: From the Americas to the Cosmos Continuity and In 1804, German scientist and explorer Al- Change since the exander von Humboldt concluded a five- year journey of discovery through South 'Periodo Especial' America, New Spain (Mexico) and Cuba On October 4-5, The Bildner Center played with a visit to the United States at the invi- host to 89 academicians, experts and stu- tation of President Thomas Jefferson. This dents who gathered to examine contem- extraordinary expedition established Hum- porary reality on the island in the wake of boldt as the greatest and most famous ex- the collapse of global socialism in the early plorer of the time, and his voyage became 1990s. the highpoint of a life-long investigation Conference Organizers Brian Schwartz, The two-day international event drew and documentation of the unity of nature. Mauricio Font and Ray Erickson. Cuba specialists from Europe, Austra- Upon his return to Europe, Humboldt pro- lia, Latin America and the United States, duced a thirty-volume account of his jour- of fields, including literature, botany, geog- and its multidisciplinary focus provided a ney that continues to inspire to this day, and raphy, music, the visual arts, human rights, unique forum for the sharing of ideas and his travel writing is now considered to be early environmentalism and society in the observations across a broad spectrum of groundbreaking. His American experience New World. The three-day event proved disciplines. Presentors probed patterns of also moved the politically engaged Hum- the largest-ever gathering of Humboldt continuity and change in economics, poli- boldt, a man inspired by the Enlightenment enthusiasts, and its multidisciplinary focus tics, civil society, religion, race relations, and ideals of the French Revolution, to provided a unique forum for the sharing of national identity, culture and the arts. publish books on Cuba and Mexico that of- ideas and observations across a broad spec- The papers presented will be published fered critiques of colonialism and slavery trum of disciplines. in PDF format to make them available on- and strongly advocated on behalf of the na- Support for the conference came from a line. tive peoples he saw cruelly exploited. variety of sources, including the Consul- On Oct. 14-16, 2004, 127 academicians ates General of the Federal Republic of and experts from 14 countries gathered at Germany and Mexico, the Alexander von The Graduate Center of the City University Humboldt Foundation, the German Aca- of New York to celebrate the 200th anni- demic Exchange Service (DAAD), the versary of Humboldt’s momentous jour- Goethe Institute, The Graduate Center ney. The celebration featured the opening and the Queens College’s Aaron Copeland performance of Wide World, a play com- School of Music. missioned for the event, and the North The Bildner Center will publish the pa- Mauricio Font, Sujatha Fernandes and Margaret Crahan at the Cuba Today Opening American premier of Felix Mendelssohn- pers presented in PDF format to make them Plenary. Bartoldy’s Cantata, which was written to available online. A selection of the papers commemorate Humboldt’s expedition. Ac- is also being considered for publishing in The Bildner Center plans to use the event ademic papers presented examined Hum- book form. as a model for a series of ongoing sympo- boldt’s ongoing legacy in a large number sia, to be held every 18 months, at which scholars meet to analyze the cultural, po- litical, economic, social and environmental issues underlying conditions in Cuba. US–Cuba Relations: Past Experience and Current Realities current realities in US-Cuban relations. for achieving agreement between the two The conference, which drew 32 partici- governments, based on past experience, in pants, including many prominent research- order to offer strategies for future interac- ers and writers and several specialists with tions and bilateral negotiations. first-hand experience in past US-Cuba ne- Among the panelists were Ambassadors gotiations, focused on the issues of coun- John Ferch and Kenneth Skoug, academi- terterrorism, diplomatic representation, cians Jorge Dominguez of Harvard Univer- migration and drug control. The purpose sity, Saul Landau of California Polytech- of the conference was to review the history nic State University and Philip Brenner of of US-Cuban negotiations – both formal American University, and think tank repre- Discussions during US-Cuba Conference. and informal – and related exchanges since sentatives such as Philip Peters of the Lex- Policy experts, diplomats and legislators 1960 in order to identify areas of consen- ington Institute and Shelley McConnell of gathered at The Graduate Center on April sus on bilateral issues. One chief objective the The Carter Center. 29-30, 2004 to discuss past experiences and was to identify the most effective strategies four RECOLLECTIONS Diego, Frida and Trotsky by Albert Bildner The recent movie Frida, brought back vivid country willing to receive Trotsky. Diego Trotsky. I did not get the impression that memories of my youth. I knew all three Rivera, already internationally acclaimed as she was a lover of the much older Trotsky, principals - Diego Rivera, Frida Kahlo and a muralist, and Frida were both communist although the movie “Frida” portrays her Leon Trotsky. sympathizers, so they offered Trotsky one as such. of their homes as a refuge. I embarked on a journey The Coyoacán house became a meeting My encounters with place for the artist friends of Diego and Diego Rivera were starting in NYC headed Frida. One of the regulars was Doctor Atl, for Mexico City... I was the one legged painter whose specialty was memorable. He was fat, painting Mt. Popocatepetl, a mountain the lured by the prospect of amputee would climb with one leg and a a jovial character with a traveling to Latin Ameri- crutch. Pablo O’Higgins and Alfredo Zalce pleasant personality. were also visitors there. David Alfaro Si- ca and meeting Trotsky. quieros, another famed artist friend who My encounters with Diego Rivera were was known to be somewhat crazed, was memorable. He was fat, unlike in the movie, The year was 1937. I had just graduated already in jail for trying to kill Trotsky. a jovial character with a pleasant personal- from Yale University. With $200 saved Since the house was mainly a refuge for ity, and an eye for women. He loved my from working in a grocery store owned by Trotsky, there were several, perhaps a dozen Packard when he first saw it and asked if my father, I had bought a second-hand 1931 young people, doing translation work for I would be his chauffeur to drive him to Packard limousine, color black. It had a the exiled Communist leader. I was given Chapingo, some forty miles away. He was roll-up window between the front and back the job of reading Spanish magazines and touching up the murals he had painted on seat; there was a voice tube for the back seat newspapers and translating certain articles the walls of the Agricultural School, where passenger to speak through to give orders to into English, or vice-versa. Trotsky was he had painted a theme of the Goddess of the driver; two small flower vases were on intelligent, well-read and articulate. He the Waters. I would drive him twice a week; either side of the rear interior. looked and sounded like a professor. He had Diego would sit in the back seat wearing a With two friends, I embarked on a journey a wide vocabulary, with a good command big sombrero. I would also drive Diego to starting in New York City headed for Mexico of the English language, but spoke with a the house in San Angel where he would paint City. I had kept in touch with another Yale heavy accent and mispronounced words. portraits of women. He allowed me to watch graduate, Bernard Wolf, then based in Mex- (For example, he would say “monses” when him paint. One day I watched him paint an ico City who was doing translating work for he meant “months”.) One time I asked him obese, unattractive woman whom he made the exiled Russian communist leader Leon about Stalin’s statistics on the USSR’s appear slim and beautiful. Later, I said to him Trotsky. I spoke Spanish fluently, having increased production of wheat, corn and “Diego, tu sabes que esa mujer no parece studied it in university, and Bernard had as- other agricultural products. I will always guapa y bonita como tu la pintaste.” I will sured me of a job doing Spanish translation. remember Trotsky’s answer to me; he said never forget his answer: “A nosotros los I was lured by the prospect of traveling to “Everyone has a coefficient of exaggeration artistas tambien nos gusta comer.” Latin America and meeting Trotsky. The ... and Stalin’s is about 30%.” I would come Four months later, it was time for me to trip took four days to Laredo, Texas, plus to use this expression of Trotsky’s many return home, where I had a job waiting: to another four days from the US border to times during my business career. run the Big Ben, the first supermarket chain Mexico City. established on Long Island. I was saying Upon arrival in Mexico City, the three of Trotsky was intelligent, my good-byes to the people at the Coyo- us, including Kevin Lynch who would later acán house. Trotsky came downstairs in his become a world-renowned professor in the well-read and articulate. bathrobe and asked me if I wanted a glass field of urban planning, checked into a flea He looked and sounded (not a cup) of tea. He asked me to go to the joint on Calle Ayuntamiento; we paid $5.00 garden and pick a lemon from a tree. When per day for a room with three cots. In my like a professor. I returned, he had two glasses of tea ready. Packard, I drove to the house in Coyoacán I watched him sip his tea “Russian style”; (a suburb of Mexico City), owned by the art- I met Frida Kahlo on several occasions with a cube of sugar between his teeth. In ists Diego Rivera and his wife Frida Kahlo, while working in the Coyoacán house. She one of his books, Trotsky argues the basic but then occupied by Trotsky, his wife and and Diego would come in and out of the differences he had with Stalin, who wanted grandson. house. Frida typically wore the Mexican the communist revolution contained in the Leon Trotsky arrived in Mexico in 1935. peasant blouse with a long skirt down to her USSR while Trotsky, who was to be Lenin’s He was ordered into exile by Stalin first to ankles. She had been partially maimed in a heir, challenged Stalin, believing that the some island off the coast of Turkey, then street car accident, (where she was impaled revolution should have been exported to to Norway. Due to the dictator Stalin’s on a metal rod), and in this way covered her the world. Before I left, Trotsky gave me paranoia about the proximity of Trotsky to leg deformity and limp. My first impres- an autographed English version of his book Moscow, the exiled former Russian leader sion of her face revealed bushy, connected The Revolution Betrayed. ended up in Mexico City, as then Mexican eyebrows and a mustache. She was friendly, When I told Frida I was going back to the president Lázaro Cárdenas, known for his made small talk with the young people and United States, she asked me about some would have purposeful conversations with socialist views, was the only Latin American Recollections continued on page 9 five SPECIAL PROJECTS Bildner Center Director Mauricio Font, politics. Brazil Project editor of the above volume, contributes to The Bildner Center sponsored an event The Brazil Project fosters the study of re- that brought President Luiz Inácio Lula da forms, social change, and sustainable de- Silva to The Graduate Center. In this event velopment in Brazil and neighboring coun- with the “Caixa Economica Federal,” Pres- tries. Through it, the Bildner Center works ident Lula and members of his Cabinet and closely with affiliated faculty and other the Caixa discussed a new government- Brazil specialists to organize seminars, supported service aiming at facilitating the international symposia, research, special remittance process and related investments events, and publications. This collabora- in Brazil. The evening closed with a won- tion has resulted in over 30 seminars, two derful performance by Paulinho da Viola. international conferences, cultural pro- the scholarly literature about the chang- The long list of seminars and special grams, and several publications over the ing facets of modern Brazilian democracy. events included a visit by Congressman last three years. The list of guests and par- He also authored Transforming Brazil: A Mauro Benevides, who discussed challeng- ticipants has included several policymak- Reform Era in Perspective (Rowman and es to reform in the Brazilian Congress in ers and diplomats from Brazil—including Littlefield, 2003) and is now completing an exceptionally informative session on an former President Fernando Henrique Car- Brazilian Statism: Rise and Limits (forth- issue of great importance in contemporary doso, ambassadors Rubens Barbosa and coming). In addition, he edited and wrote Brazilian politics. Gelson Fonseca, former minister Luiz Car- the introduction to Charting a New Course: To cap off a busy October, 2004, the Bild- los Bresser-Pereira, and others. the Politics of Globalization and Social ner Center collaborated with The Graduate The discussions and publications of Bra- Transformation, a collection of 26 essays Center in a visit by former president Fer- zil’s important processes of economic and by Fernando Henrique Cardoso (Rowman nando Henrique Cardoso, in which he was political reform probe their depth and ef- and Littlefield, 2001). granted an honorary degree. The accom- fectiveness in addressing societal needs. Recognizing the vital role Brazil plays in plishments of the Brazil project since have More generally, the Brazil Project explores the Western Hemisphere, the Bildner Cen- been remarkable. Brazil’s process of democratization and the ter declared last September to be “Brazil In conclusion, the Brazil Project has stood country’s new role in regional and world month.” A highlight of this festival was out in organizing programs that illuminate affairs. They consider Brazil’s responses to a talk on US-Brazil relations by US Am- multiple aspects of change in Brazil, while globalization and relations with the United bassador to Brazil Donna Hrinak. A large highlighting the impressive expertise on States and other countries in the Western audience also enjoyed a show with No em this country at The City University of New Hemisphere. Pingo D’Agua, the renowned “choro novo” York. The Bildner Center’s Brazil Project The Bildner Center’s Western Hemisphere ensemble from Rio de Janeiro. Last year’s looks forward to additional programs to Studies book series emphasizes Brazil, as seminar series on Brazil included a presen- bring together faculty, students, other spe- do several affiliated faculty in other publi- tation in the Faculty Development Work- cialists, and interested publics concerned cations. Reforming Brazil, includes a doz- shop series by professors Andrew Baker with political, economic, and social devel- en original essays by noted Brazilian and of the University of Houston and Scott B. opments in this fascinating and important American scholars which were originally Martin of Columbia University, who dis- country. presented at a Bildner Center conference. cussed emergent approaches to Brazilian

Cuba Project In 2004, The Cuba Project reviewed the The Cuba Project enjoyed a successful history of US-Cuban negotiations and re- 2003-2004 program and is working to- lated exchanges since 1960 in the seminar wards an exciting 2004-2005 calendar. series “US-Cuban Relations: Past Experi- In 2003, The Cuba Project welcomed ence and Current Realities.” Also, in Feb- John H. Coatsworth of Harvard Univer- ruary the Cuba Project explored the eco- sity to discuss “The History and Context nomic relationship between the US and gaged in the cultural portrayal of Cuban of US Policy Toward Cuba.” In April, Uva Cuba with the seminar “US-Cuba Eco- life with the screening of the documentary de Aragón, Associate Director of the Cu- nomic Relations: What are the Real Pos- “Suite Habana.” ban Research Institute at Florida Interna- sibilities?” Panelists included Ted Henken Looking ahead, the Cuba project antici- tional University spoke on “Cuban Miami: of Baruch College, Reverend Raimundo pates the publication of two books, Cuban Changing Culture and Politics.” In May, Garcia Franco of Christian Center of Re- Counterpoints: The Legacy of Fernando Ivan A. Schulman (University of Illinois), flection and Dialogue and Kirby Jones of Ortiz and La República cubana y José Oscar Montero (Lehman College and The Alamar Associates. Martí (1902-2002) Recepción y usos de un Graduate Center), Mauricio Font (Bildner In October, the Cuba Project organized símbolo nacional. Both texts are compila- Center for Western Hemisphere Studies, the symposium “Cuba Today: Continuity tions of papers presented at conferences The Graduate Center and Queens College), and Change since the Periodo Especial” at hosted by the Cuba Project, and are edited and Esther Allen (PEN Translation Com- which more than 50 participants explored by Professors Mauricio A. Font and Alfon- mittee), contributed to the seminar “Tribute contemporary Cuban reality since the early so W. Quiroz. to José Martí.” 1990s. In addition, the Cuba project en- six BILDNER WESTERN HEMISPHERE BOOK SERIES New Book Series Cuban Counterpoints: The Legacy of Fernando Ortiz Edited by Mauricio A. Font and Alfonso W. Quiroz on Western While Fernando Ortiz’s contribution to our understanding of Cuba and Latin America Hemisphere Studies more generally has been widely recognized The publication of Reforming Brazil marks since the 1940s, recently there has been re- the launch of Western Hemisphere Studies, newed interest in this scholar and activist a joint publication initiative by the Bildner who made lasting contributions to a stag- Center for Western Hemisphere Studies at gering array of fields. This book is the first the City University of New York and Lex- work in English to reassess Ortiz’s vast in- ington Books. The scholarly works pub- tellectual universe. Essays in this volume lished in this series endeavor to support the Bildner Center’s mission of furthering Cuban Counterpoints understanding of contemporary issues in explores the bold new the Americas, creating international dia- logue on policy and generating research on perspectives that Ortiz a range of topics that are both country and brought to bear on theme specific. For more information or for purchasing Cuban society information please visit www.bildner.org. analyze and celebrate his contribution to Among the contributors are María Fer- Series Titles scholarship in Cuban history, the social nanda Ortiz Herrera, Mauricio Font, Al- fonso Quiroz, Pamela Maria Smorkaloff, • Reforming Brazil (2004) sciences--notably anthropology--and law, religion and national identity, literature, Consuelo Naranjo Orovio, Miguel Puig- Edited by Mauricio A. Font and Anthony Peter Samper Mulero, Octavio di Leo, María Spanakos with the assistance of Cristina Bordin. and music. Presenting Ortiz’s seminal thinking, including his profoundly influ- del Rosario Díaz, Rafael Rojas, Marifeli • Cuban Counterpoints: The Legacy of ential concept of ‘transculturation’, Cuban Pérez-Stable, Carmen Almodóvar, José Fernando Ortiz (2004) Counterpoints explores the bold new per- Matos Arévalos, Jean Stubbs, Enrique S. Edited by Mauricio A Font and Alfonso W. Quiroz spectives that he brought to bear on Cuban Pumar, Fernando Coronil, Alejandra Bron- society. Much of his most challenging and fman, Tomás Fernández Robaina, Patricia • La Republica Cubana y José Martí Catoira, Jorge Ramírez Calzadilla, Roberto (1902-2002) (Forthcoming) provocative thinking--which embraced si- Edited by Mauricio A Font and Alfonso W. Quiroz multaneity, conflict, inherent contradiction González Echevarria, Ricardo Viñalet, An- and hybridity--has remarkable relevance tonio Fernández Ferrer, Benjamin Lapidus • New Approaches to Social Reform in for current debates about Latin America’s and María Teresa Linares Savio. Brazil (Forthcoming) complex and evolving societies. Edited by Mauricio A. Font Reforming Brazil Edited by Mauricio A. Font and Anthony Peter Spanakos with the assistance of Cristina Bordin

distribution of wealth and runaway infla- Contributors include: Maria Hermínia Ta- tion. In the 1990s, long-overdue reforms vares de Almeida, Eliana Cardoso, Sônia began to help tame inflation, streamline Draibe, David Fleischer, Eduardo Gomes, bloated and ineffective government and Fabrícia C. Guimarães, Peter Kingstone, address chronic social ills. But problems Karina Mariano, Marcelo Mariano, Alfred and questions remain: Why is Brazil still so Montero, João Paulo Machado Peixoto, poor, and why is inequality so intransigent? Anthony Pereira, Salvador Sandoval, An- Were some reforms counterproductive or thony Peter Spanakos, Tullo Vigevani. could they have been implemented better? Reforming Brazil is a thought-provoking examination of these and other important "A timely work, Reforming Brazil issues facing Brazil today, from privatiza- is a vast mosaic of authoritative tion and agrarian reform to entrepreneur- perspectives that help to clarify ial programs and hemispheric integration. the complex and often serendipi- Written by 11 Brazilianist scholars from tous most recent phase of Brazil- ian modernization." a range of disciplines and intellectual tra- –Luis Bitencourt ditions, the book offers compelling new Brazil Project, Woodrow Wilson For years, successive governments in Brazil insights for international policymakers, International Center for Scholars grappled with the vexing issues of unequal economists and scholars of Brazil.

seven 2003-2004 BILDNER CENTER HIGHLIGHTS September 2003 was Brazil month at the Cuban society and US-Cuban relations. Ambassador Rosales discussed Chile’s de- Bildner Center. The Bildner Center hosted On October 24, the Bildner Center began velopment strategy both economically and seven events on Brazil that ranged from a the seminar series New Scenarios for US- socially. Ambassador Rosales affirmed that look back at Brazil’s military dictatorship to Cuba Relations with the seminar US-Cuba the interest of international actors like the a Choro concert by Nó Em Pingo D’Água. Relations: A United States Perspective, US and the EU does not lie in the size of During this month there were two seminars featuring Kevin Whitaker, Chile’s market, but in its that were of particular importance. Coordinator of the Office institutional stability and its On September 26, the Bildner Center held of Cuban Affairs in the US strategy of opening up re- an event entitled US-Brazil Relations. As Department of State. Mr. gional and global trade. the two largest countries in the Western Whitaker took this oppor- On June 8, the Bildner Hemisphere, the relationship between the tunity to discuss current US Center and the Inter-Ameri- US and Brazil can largely influence inter- policy towards the island, can Development Bank American relations, and has lately centered as well as the historical fac- teamed up to produce a on the proposed Free Trade Area of the tors shaping US-Cuba rela- procurement seminar en- Americas (FTAA), as well as bi-national tions. titled, Business Opportuni- trade and cooperation issues. One major accomplish- ties with Latin America and Amb. Donna Hrinak, US Ambassador ment this year was the Kevin Whitaker the Caribbean through the to Brazil, highlighted the relationship be- gathering of a wide array of IDB Group. This seminar tween the two countries with regards to the CUNY Cuba specialists on December 5 to covered an overview of the proposed FTAA and the ascension of the discuss their current research. Cuban Stud- IDB, project cycle (how to track business Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party) ies at CUNY: History and Promise brought opportunities), sources of information, cur- government in Brazil. Ambassador Hrinak together over twenty interdisciplinary spe- rent lending priorities, procurement oppor- discussed the current state of US – Brazil- cialists, and created a network of academ- tunities, opportunities in the private sector ian relations as well as the factors that have ics currently working on and in Cuba. financing activities by the IDB Group and shaped it. remittance. Additionally, one-on-one ses- Part of the mission of the Bildner Center sions were used to discuss issues of inter- As part of the Bildner Center’s Latin is to provide a forum for dialogue and fos- est with IDB Group representatives. Also America Challenge series, which strove to ter problem-oriented research on pressing covered was the role of remittances based identify positive policy responses to hemi- issues in Latin America, and on January on the IDB’s 2004 survey on remittances as spheric prob- 21, it sponsored the seminar The Water a source of capital for Latin American and lems derived City: A Public Art Project in Mexico City the Caribbean. The IDB is the largest mul- from an anal- with Bernd M. Scherer, Director General tilateral provider of development financing ysis of past of the Goethe-Institut in Mexico City. Mr. for Latin America and the Caribbean, with crises, the Scherer gave attendees his insight into the a cumulative lending of $118 billion, of- Bildner Center problems caused by the lack of access to fering substantial business opportunities to held Economic water in Mexico City, and discussed the the private sector. The Bank has an annual Crises Then role of the Goethe-Institut, in collaboration lending capacity of $8.5 billion and is gen- and Now: A with the Mexican government, in combat- erating business opportunities in the form Comparison ing this problem. Mr. Scherer's approach of approximately 13,000 activities. of Responses to this issue was based on art and culture, Amb. Donna Hrinak to the Mexi- and focused on the pre- and post-Colum- On September 17, 2004, the Bildner Cen- can Crisis of bian factors that shaped the water system ter played host to Chilean officials to dis- 1994 and the Argentine Crisis of 2001. The in Mexico City. cuss their country’s role in international event, which featured Joyce Chang, Man- peacekeeping operations. Entitled Chile in As part of the Bildner Center’s Fac- aging Director and Global Head of Emerg- Haiti: The Changing Face of Latin Ameri- ulty Development workshop series Jorge ing Markets Research at JP Morgan, Lacey can Involvement in Regional Peacekeeping Dominguez of the Weatherhead Center Gallagher, Director of Emerging Markets Operations, the panel’s speakers included: for International Affairs at Harvard Uni- Research at Credit Suisse First Boston, and Oscar Fuentes, Consul General of Chile in versity came to speak about US-Policy to- Shari Spiegel from Columbia University’s New York; Marcos López, Military Attaché ward Latin America on February 27. The School of Public and International Affairs at the Mission of Chile to the United Na- Future of Inter-American Relations looked and the Initiative for Policy Dialogue, at the recent political and social changes in focused on the dissimilarities of the poli- Latin America that challenge conventional cies adopted by the United States and the understandings and assumptions about the international financial community towards region. Mexico and Argentina. Chile’s Development Strategy and the Along with the Brazil Program and its Recent Trade Agreement with the United general Latin America scope, the Bildner States took place on March 4, and featured Center is also host to the Cuba Project; Ambassador Osvaldo Rosales, General Di- which aims to shed light into the sources rector for International Economic Relations, of conflict within by convening a forum One-on-one sessions with the IDB Chilean Ministry of International Relations. dedicated to exploring the undercurrents of Continued on next page eight 2003-2004 BILDNER CENTER HIGHLIGHTS Bildner Center hosts Cuba Project Launches Online Directory of Cuba Latin American consuls Specialists Representatives from 10 Latin American In keeping with its mission to promote related subjects and by disseminating in- consulates gathered at The Graduate Cen- studies and research about Cuba, The Cuba formation about their works. ter of the City University of New York Project launched an online Directory of To be listed in the directory one must: March 31 to explore issues of regional in- Cuba Specialists in early 2004. The direc- terest during a working luncheon hosted tory, which now includes the names of more (1) hold faculty or research appoint- by The Bildner Center for Western Hemi- than 200 experts from around the world, is ments at a university; sphere Studies. a searchable database of specialists who (2) hold policymaking or other govern- are actively engaged in Cuban studies and ment positions related to Cuba, Cuba-related issues. Specialists are listed (3) hold a professional position at an in- by area of expertise, making the directory a ternational organization, powerful tool for scholars, media and oth- (4) be a professional practitioner affili- ers looking to find experts in fields ranging ated with a foundation or non-govern- from policy, civil society and economics to mental organization, or literature, music and the arts. The directory (5) publish frequently on Cuban affairs. also promotes the development of a com- munity of Cuba specialists by allowing For more information or to browse the di- The representatives – eight consul generals users to identify colleagues who work on rectory visit www.cubadirectory.org. and two deputy consuls from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Uruguay and Venezuela – were joined by Recollections continued from page 5 Mauricio Font, director of the Bildner Cen- hill-billy (mountain) music, which she said his ashes are buried in the courtyard under ter, as well as Brian Schwartz, The Gradu- she loved. She asked me to send her some a stone that bears his name above a hammer ate Center’s vice president for research and hill-billy records, which I did, months later. and sickle. sponsored programs, and Steven Gorelick, That was the last time I saw or heard from The house is now a vice president for institutional advance- her. In 1954, Frida Kahlo died in her bed popular tourist stop. ment at The Graduate Center. Among the on the top floor of the Coyoacán house; the Trotsky’s office topics discussed were ways to promote ed- last thing she saw was a picture on the wall where he was killed ucation of Latin American society and cul- of Marx, Engels and Stalin. Her wheelchair is exactly as he left ture, including a range of upcoming Bild- and easel were by her bedside. it, with an old-fash- ner Center and Graduate Center events. In 1939, Diego and Frida had violent argu- ioned typewriter with Russian letters. ments with Trotsky on political grounds; the Diego Rivera passed away in the late 50s couple had reverted to Stalinism. Trotsky after a bout with cancer. He had gone to Continued from previous page was forced to leave the house where I had Russia for an operation but died shortly after met him and moved into another a few his return to Mexico. Before I left Mexico, tions; Martin Poblete, the Latin American blocks away called “Casa Azul.” Diego gave me three small drawings. Seminar at Columbia University, and Fran- In August 1940, Leon Trotsky was assas- The world has only recently come to ap- cois Pierre-Louis, Queens College-CUNY. sinated in Casa Azul by Jacques Mercader, preciate Frida Kahlo’s great artistic talents On October 20, 2004, the Bildner Center a Spaniard who was brought by his mother with the rise of feminism. Details of her welcomed Arturo Sarukhán, the Consul to the USSR after the Spanish Civil War and personal life have surfaced, particularly her General of Mexico in New York, to discuss raised as a rabid Stalinist. He was trained by life-long excruciating physical pain and the current Mexican foreign policy. In his talk, the secret police to kill Trotsky. Mercader emotional suffering she endured from her entitled Mexican Foreign Policy During the met an American woman named Silvia near famous philandering artist husband, and Fox Administration, Mr. Sarukhán spoke Notre Dame cathedral in Paris (the meeting their camaraderie with the exiled Trotsky. about Mexico’s ever-growing role in inter- was set up by the Russians). The two became Frida has since been acclaimed in interna- national politics and how this increased par- lovers and Silvia brought Mercader back tional art circles as a great artist with her ticipation is related to the domestic changes to Mexico. She knew the Coyoacán group self-portraits surrealistically portraying her that have taken place since Vicente Fox’s and vouched for Mercader to enter the inner inner struggles with pain and with Diego: election in 2000. Mexico’s changing posi- circle of Casa Azul. today, her paintings are valued in the mil- tion is evidenced by greater participation in Mercader split Trotsky’s skull with an lions of dollars. the United Nations and a strengthening of alpenstock (an ice-climber’s axe) which interest in bilateral negations with the Unit- he had hid inside his raincoat. For this, he ed States. Mr. Sarukhán’s talk highlighted spent 25 years in a Mexican prison. Upon key developments in recent US-Mexico re- his release, a Czech plane picked him up lations, as well as offered speculation as to and brought him to Russia where he disap- where the relationship is headed. peared. Trotsky’s body was cremated and

nine BILDNER FELLOWS AND CUNY FACULTY one on the Rio de Janeiro city jail and an- Archibald Ritter on the recent growth of Bildner Fellows other on petty crime and post-abolition ur- Cuba’s underground economy and the Desmond Arias ban society in Brazil. emergence and future potential of micro- Desmond Arias, John Jay College, is cur- enterprise on the island since 1993. He rently working on a book entitled The Dy- Margaret E. Crahan is also writing a general country study of namics of Criminal Governance: Illegal Margaret E. Crahan, Dorothy Epstein Pro- Cuba to be published by ABC-CLIO in its Networks and Public Order in Rio de Ja- fessor, Hunter College & The Graduate Global Studies series. He has been a con- neiro which is under advance contract with Center, continues to serve on the Execu- sultant on Cuba for the U.S. Department of the University of North Carolina Press. tive Committee of the Interamerican Insti- State and is a member of the board of direc- Earlier this year he published “Faith in our tute of Human Rights, which together with tors of the Association for the Study of the Neighbhors: Networks and Social Order in the Interamerican Court and Commission Cuban Economy. Three Brazilian Favelas” in Latin American constitute the institutional framework for Politics and Society. Both of these projects the Interamerican system of human rights. Mark Ungar are based on research he conducted on vio- She is also on the Board of Trustees of St. Mark Ungar, Associate Professor of Politi- lence and politics in Rio de Janeiro. Edward’s University and ForCHILDREN, cal Science at Brooklyn College, is work- Inc. ing with the government of Argentina to Jerry Carlson She recently edited and coauthored Re- implement police reforms. With financial Jerry Carlson, Associate Professor of ligion, Culture and Society: The Case of support from the UN, he will begin a course Film Studies at The City College and The Cuba (2003) and coedited and coauthored for the Policía Federal Argentina this fall to Graduate Center (CUNY), is co-producer The Wars on Terrorism and Iraq: Human change police station management and pro- of the bilingual feature film Dirt directed Rights, Unilateralism, and US Foreign Pol- motion criteria, followed by new training by Nancy Savoca. Shot in New York and icy (2004). Field research on religion took courses and community policing projects. El Salvador, the movie tells the story of an her to Cuba twice in 2004. She is currently In the 2004-05 academic year, Mark was a undocumented Salvadoran family living writing on religion and civil society, as well fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Internation- in the USA. Produced by Showtime Net- as on the culture of resistance among fe- al Center for Scholars, writing a book on works, the film will have worldwide distri- male political prisoners in Argentina under police reform in four Latin America coun- bution by MGM International. the 1976-1983 military dictatorship. tries. He is also directing a project funded In December, he attended the Havana by the Ford Foundation to develop propos- International Film Festival for the Latin Ted Henken als for improving prison conditions in Latin American premiere of the performance Ted Henken is an Assistant Professor in America. film Reno: Rebel without a Pause, directed the Black and Hispanic Studies and the by Nancy Savoca and co-produced by him. Sociology and Anthropology Departments CUNY Faculty He returned to Cuba in January to teach at Baruch College. At Baruch, he teaches a course “Tendencies of the New Latin courses on Latin American Immigration to Carolina Bank Muñoz American Cinema” at EICTV, the interna- the United States, Immigration to new York Carolina Bank Muñoz is an Assistant Pro- tional film school founded by Gabriel Gar- City, Race and Ethnic Relations, U.S.-Latin fessor at Brooklyn College. She obtained cia Marquez. American relations, and on Contemporary her Ph.D at the University of California, In spring 2003 he was nominated for an Cuban Culture and Society. He also offers Riverside in 2004. Prior to arriving at Emmy award for his work as producer of a mini-course through the Bildner Center Brooklyn College she worked as a project Canape, a monthly TV cultural magazine each semester on the origins and develop- director at the University of California In- about French-American cultural relations. ment of Cuban Music. stitute for Labor and Employment (ILE). He is currently co-writing a book with At the ILE she conducted immigration pol- Amy Chazkel Amy Chazkel spent the summer of 2003 Internships in Western Hemisphere Studies carrying out archival and library research The Bildner Center for Western Hemisphere •Available 10-15 hours per week for her book-length study in progress, Studies offers internship opportunities Laws of Chance: The City, the Animal throughout the year. The interns will work •Language ability in Spanish and/or Game, and The Making of Modern Pub- closely with the outreach coordinator and Portuguese preferred. lic Life in Brazil, 1880-1968. Fellowships other staff. •These are unpaid internships. from the PSC-CUNY, Harvard University Responsibilities: Please mail or E-mail a resume and cover David Rockefeller Center for Latin Ameri- letter to: can Studies, and the Yale University Gilder •Assist with research projects through Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery, on-line research Bildner Center for Western Hemisphere Resistance, and Abolition gave support for •Assist with event and conference co- Studies her research. ordination 365 Fifth Avenue, Suite 5209 Thanks to a CUNY-Center for the Hu- •Edit materials for publication New York, NY 10016 manities Mellon Postdoctoral Fellowship, •Various office duties [email protected] she was on leave from Queens College for Qualifications: No phone calls, please. Only those candi- the 2003-2004 academic year. She spent •Knowledge of Latin America dates who will be considered for an inter- the year co-organizing an interdisciplinary view will be contacted. faculty seminar and completing her book •Knowledge of Microsoft Office manuscript. Articles in progress include applications ten BILDNER FELLOWS AND CUNY FACULTY Autonomy of Weak States" (Sociological Edward Paulino CUNY Faculty Perspectives 1997). Her interests include Professor Edward Paulino, History, John icy research, coordinated educational pro- the study of central states, fiscal systems, Jay College, presented a paper at the Latin grams on the Immigrant Workers’ Freedom and citizenship in Latin American coun- American Studies Association meeting Ride, and developed leadership schools for tries. She is currently working on a com- in Las Vegas, Nevada on October 7-9th, immigrant workers in Los Angeles. She is parative project on States and Citizenship 2004. The session is called "Civil Society currently working on a book manuscript in Colombia and Bolivia. Effort to Expand Justice." He received a based on that work. Her most recent ar- PSC/CUNY grant award for 2004-2005 ticle is "Mobile Capital, Immobile Labor: Alfonso Garcia Osuna and a Faculty Research Award from the Inequality and Opportunity in the Tortilla Alfonso Garcia Osuna’s recent work is a National Endowment for the Humanities, dual-language critical edition of the Laz- Industry" (Social Justice Journal, 2004). 2004-2005. arillo de Tormes, published this year in Sherrie Baver London by McFarland Press. Last year Mc- Peter Roman Professor Sherrie Baver, Political Science, Farland Press published Prof. Garcia Osu- Dr. Peter Roman, Hostos Community Col- City College and The Graduate Center, na’s book The Cuban Filmography: 1897- lege and The Graduate Center, published has co-edited Beyond Sun and Sand: Ca- 2001. Recently he has been approached by the second, updated edition of People’s ribbean Environmentalisms, with Barbara the University of Valladolid and the Gov- Power: Cuba’s Experience with Repre- Deutsch Lynch of Cornell University. The ernment of Castile-Leon, in Spain, to trans- sentative Government in October 2003 by book will be published by Rutgers Univer- late some of Miguel Delibes’ major works. Rowman and Littlefield. His paper “The sity Press next year. Prof. Garcia Osuna is currently working on National Assembly and Political Represen- an anthology of Spanish medieval litera- tation” will appear in Cuban Socialism in a Jonathan Conning ture. New Century: Adversity, Survival and Re- Professor Conning, together with Profes- newal. Editors Max Azicri and Elsie Deal, sor Jonathan Morduch of N.Y.U. recently Stephanie R. Golob University Press of Florida, 2004, and in received grant funding from the Ford Foun- Stephanie R. Golob, Assistant Professor of TEMAS in Cuba in Spanish. He has re- dation for a research project on the “Foun- Political Science at Baruch College, contin- ceived PSC-CUNY Grants for 2003-2004 dations of Social Investment.” The project ues to pursue research on regional integra- and 2004-2005 for work on a book on the will study frameworks that donors might tion in ‘North America,’ with an emphasis Cuban National Assembly. Dr. Roman is work with to target and evaluate social in- on Mexico and Canada. She recently co-di- currently Unit Coordinator of Social Sci- vestments in the microfinance sector. His rected a tri-national study group in Montre- ences at Hostos Community College, and most recent publication, “Why isn’t there al on “Mapping the New North America,” member of the Doctoral Faculty of the Po- more financial intermediation in develop- and is currently co-editing the collected litical Science Program at The Graduate ing countries?” (written with Michael Kev- papers for publication. Her research on the Center-CUNY. ane) is to appear in Insurance against Pov- role of ideas in North American integra- erty, to be published by Oxford University tion has appeared in World Politics (April For more information on on Bildner Cen- Press. 2003) and Canadian-American Public Pol- ter Fellows and CUNY Faculty please visit icy (December 2002). She is also pursuing www.bildner.org. Mario Gonzalez Corzo a second research project on transitional Currently, Dr. Gonzalez Corzo is Assistant justice in Chile, focusing on the evolution Professor at the Department of Economics, of ideas about ´rule of law´ within the ju- Accounting, and Business Administration diciary and the legal profession. She was Acknowledgements at Lehman College of The City University awarded a Frank Cass Prize for 2002 by the The Bildner Center would like to take the of New York (CUNY) where he teaches editors of the British journal Democratiza- opportunity to thank all the former employ- courses in Financial Institutions, Human tion for her articles on the Pinochet Case. ees, interns and minicourse instructors who Resource Management, International Eco- have contributed to the New Bildner Cen- Samuel Farber nomics, Labor Economics, and Security ter. These employees include Gary Aguayo, Samuel Farber is currently working on a and Investment Analysis. In addition, he Sandra Black, Cristina Bordin, Natalia Ca- teaches mini-courses on Cuba’s Post-So- book tentatively entitled Why the Cuban ruso, Rosa Conceiçao, Andres Salas, and viet Economy sponsored by the Bildner Revolution? A New Look under contract Center for Western Hemisphere Studies. with the University of North Carolina Danielle Zach. Former interns that volun- His research interests and areas of special- Press. The book discusses, with the help teered their time include Janaina Saad and ization include Cuba’s post-Cold War eco- of recently declassified information from Graziella Reis-Trani. Minicourse instruc- nomic reforms, the informal economy, and U.S. and Soviet archives, why the Cuban tors, include Esther Allen, Elba Barzelatto, the role of foreign investment in contem- Revolution evolved from a multi-class, the late Evaldo Cabarrouy, Geraldo Galvão porary Cuba. anti-dictatorial, political revolution into Ferraz, Philip Galinsky, Mario Gonzalez- a Communist social revolution. The book Corzo, Ted Henken, David Oquendo, Sil- Carmenza Gallo addresses questions that are relevant to the mara Roman, Luis Simas, Sandra Vascon- Carmenza Gallo is an Associate Professor larger issue of whether the social radical- cellos, and Cláudia Sobral Vaz. In addition, in the Sociology Department at Queens ism of the Cuban Revolution was rooted in College and The Graduate Center. Her the social and economic conditions of the the Bildner Center would like to thank all publications include Tax and State Power: country, or whether the Cuban Republic the Bildner Center fellows and CUNY Fac- Political Instability in Bolivia 1930-1952 was politically reformable and developing ulty who have helped out during the past (Temple University Press 1991) and "The economically. year. eleven Bildner Center for Western Hemisphere Studies The Graduate Center The City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue, Suite 5209 New York, NY 10016

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