Boston Post Road

Home , Boston Post Road

FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number

Massachusetts Historical Commission I 62-3 I I Sudbury 11~__ 15__ 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116

Town M'arlboTOugb

982 Boston post Road

istoric Name Amos and Jouas Darling House

Present Dwelling

Original DweIling

ate of Construction ca] 760

Maps; style; Bigelow

le/Form Georgian vernacular Cape Cod cottage rchitect/Builder unknown

erior Material:

Sketch Map Foundation granite Draw a map of the area indicating properties within it. Number each property for which individual Wa]l!frim wood clapboard inventory[arms have been completed. Label streets, including rowe numbers, if any. Attach a separate Roof slate sheet if space it; not sufficient here. Indicate north: Outbuildings/Secondary Structures _

barn; cottagetgarage

Major Alterations (with dates) _

one-story addition on east--20tb C

Condition good

Moved [X] no [ ] yes Date __ N....••.•../A _

Acreage 247 acres

Recorded by Anne Forbes Setting On remnant of early £ann overlooking

Organization for Marlboro Hist Camm Hager's pond across Rte 10 Spacious front

Date 4n S/Q4, lawn with stone retaining wal] along road BUILDING FORM

ARCHITECIURAL DESCRIPTION [ ] see continuation sheet Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community.

This house is extremely rare in Marlborough as an example of a 1 lI2-story Cape Cod cottage of the Colonial era. Although it has acquired at least three additions over the years, the form of the main house remains as a five-by-two-bay, center-chimney structure. Most of the windows, which appear to retain their original narrow, projecting enframements, are primarily 8-over-12-sash; a pair of 6- over-S-sash windows appear under the roof gables. Three paired six-pane casement windows that light the upper story on the facade would date to the twentieth century. The center entry is high and narrow, with narrow flat pilasters, a high frieze, and molded lintel. (The door is not visible.) Typical '] of the era, other architectural detail includes narrow comer posts and a shallow boxed, molded cornice, without any roof overhang at the gable ends. .J

A long one-story west ell appears to be of early date, and a 1 112-story rear ell, perpendicular to the main house, may be early as well.

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [X] see continuation sheet Explain history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community.

Historical information about this house has been hampered by errors in the Darling geneaology given ... by Charles Hudson in his History of the Town of Marlborough, in which he confuses the two Amos, Darlings, father and son.

U this house was constructed in about 1760, as its style implies and the 1978 inventory form states, th- it was probably built for farmer Amos Darling, who moved here from Framingham (possibly after livin., in Danvers), and married Hepzibah Bruce of Southborough in about 1745-46. Their children included Jonas, (b. 1753), and Amos, Jr., who was born in 1757 and would have been the one mentioned by Hudson who died in 1837 at the age of 80. Members of the Darling family were undoubtedly associated with the nearby Hager Sawmill (see Forms 907 and 14); one ofthe mostly likely ones would have been Amos Darling, Jr., who married Lovice (Lovisie) Hager, daughter of Ebenezer Hager, Jr. in 1800.

(Other sources contend that the house was built in about 1726 by Hezekiah Cutting, who sold it in 1733 to Thomas Sanderson, and that it was later owned by Ebenezer Winchester and Joseph Maynard.) (Cont.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES [] see continuation sheet Bigelow, Ella. Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough. 1910. Hudson, Charles. History of the Town of Marlborough. 1862. Maps and Atlases: Holman, 1803; Wood, 1830; Hudson, 1835; Walling: 1853, 1857; Beers: 1875; Walker: 1889; Sanborns. Marlborough Directories. Marlborough Enterprise. 6/12/93. Vital Records of Marlborough, Framingham, and Danvers. 1978 Inventory Form.

[ X] Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, a completed National Register Criteria Statement form is attached. INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Darling House Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form Boston, Massachusetts 02116 15

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. The house was apparently inherited by Jonas Darling, who is shown as the owner on the map of 1803. By 1830, however, this was the property of "E, Hager". This may have been Ephraim Hager (b. 1764), son of William Hager (Ebenezer, Jr.'s brother) of 929 Boston Post Road, and thus Lovice Hagar Darling's cousin. He owned the property through at least 1835, but eventually moved to Framingham, where he settled on the estate of his grandfather, Ebenezer Hager, Sr.

By 1853 the farm was owned by George Jones, who was here through the end of the nineteenth century. It is likely that it was during the early part of his ownership that the building acquired its traditional name of "Jones's Tavern." In the 1920's, this farm, along with the Howe Tavern (Wayside Inn) in Sudbury and many associated properties in both Sudbury and Marlborough, including the Hager Sawmill, were acquired by Hel11YFord as part of a restored inn and mill area. Massachusetts Historical Commission Community Property Address 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116 Marlborough 982 Boston Post Rd.

Area(s) Form No(s).

National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form

Check all that apply:

[x] Individually eligible [ ] Eligible only in a historic district [ ] Contributing to a potential historic district [] Potential historic district

Criteria: [x] A [] B [x] C [] D

Criteria Considerations: [] A [] B [] C [] D [] E [] F [] G

Statement of Significance by __ F_o_rb_e_s_I_S_c_h_u_le_r _ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here.

The Amos and Jonas Darling House, more commonly referred to as Jones Tavern, meets Criteria A and C of the National Register. The late eighteenth century property is signficant as one of only a few remaining Marlborough farmhouses which expresses the passage of time in the evolution of the building. Darling was a farmer from Framingham. In the 1830s the property was occupied by Hagers who were probably associated with the sawmill on the opposite side of the road. By 1853 it was Jones Tavern. Architecturally the building is significant as one of the only extant one and one-half story Georgian cottages in the Cape Cod tradition. The property retains integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. FORI\,l B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no.

MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION /5"* Office of the Secretary, State House, Boston

Address (~G2 :Joston .::ost ~(oad

Name Jonas 0R.Tling Fornestead

Present use ,(;tesidence

Present owner :,-l.. Leroy Temple

3. Description: 1! Story Center Chimney

Date 1760

Source l1..lb. Local ::ristories

style CaDc Cod Colonial

4. Map. Draw sketch of building location Architect None in relation to nearest cross streets and other buildings. Indicate north. Exterior wall fabric ..lood Clapboard

Outbuildings (describe) __B_a_rn _

Other features Corner posts extend

above ceiling to accomodate eye

Altered Date o @ Moved Date 5. Lot size: 8(1 STOll PO$ r /{OAD One acre or less Over one acre X D Approximate frontage ------150 Feet Approximate distance of building from street

60 Feet

6. Recorded by Ernest Ginnetti

Organization Harlborough Historical -'-:.',J COUlffilsslon ~- . Date 9/21/78 , (over) M-5-77 7. Original owner (if known)------Original use za rtu ------_-.:.-_--, Subsequent uses (if any) and dates------~(esicJence \. 8. Themes (check as many as applicable)

Aboriginal Conservation Recreation Agricultural Education Religion Architectural x Exploration/ Science/ The Arts settlement x invention Commerce Industry .A. r Social! Communication Military humanitarian Communitydevelopment Political Transportation

9. Historical significance (include explanation of themes checked above) I Amos Darling was the first of his name in i1arlborough, he moved \. here from Framingham but was originally from Oanvers. lle married Hepzebah Bruce of Southborough and. he died in 1837 at the age of 80. His son Jonas "vas living in this house in 1803 according to the map of Harlborough. Jonas was born June 4, 1753 and married Nary Knights in 1778, he died in Sterling. During the early part of the 20th century this house was o~med by the Ford Found.ation along with th.e ~':ayside Inn (Em'Te Tavern) as part of effort to restore some of the Colonial Eor..estead.. It now remains an excellent example of a Georgian Cape '::od. house, the only one left in the city.

10. Bibliography and/or references (such as local histories, deeds, assessor's records, ear ly maps, etc.)

Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough, Ella Bigelow, Marl., 1910.

History of Harlborough Mass., Charles Hudson, Boston I'lass. FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's number USGS Quad Area(s) Form Number Massachusetts Historical Commission I I Sudbury I 1 14 _ 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116

Town Marlborough

Place (neighborhood or village) _

East Marlborough

9'9 Boston post Road

···Historic Name Wi11iam Hager House

Uses: Present Dwelling

Original Th.velling

Date of Construction late 18th century

Maps; style; Bigelow

Style!Form GeorgianfFederaJ vernacular

unknown

Exterior Material:

Sketch Map Foundation granjte Draw a map of the area indicating properties within it. Number each property for which individual WaUffrim wood clapboard inventory forms have been completed. Label streets, including route numbers, if any. Attach a separate Roof wood shingle sheet if space is not sufficient here. Indicate north. Outbuildings/Secondary Structures _

long 1-stoty shop near road

Major Alterations (with dates) False center

o chimney added, one of twin chimneys removed Door replaced, long rear ells removed after ca. 1920 (See Pp 2-3)

Condition fair/goad

Moved pq no [ ] yes Date N/A

Acreage less than one acre

Recorded by Anne Forbes Setting On remnant of early funn at west end

Organization for Marlboro Hist Camm of Haoer's pond faeiDa modern commercial bUi1di~gsacross 'Rte. 2'6. Granite posts and Date 4115/94 fieldstone wall west of house BUILDING FORM ARCIDTEcruRAL DESCRIPTION [ ] see continuation sheet Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community.

Although this house has undergone several updatings, it is still an excellent representative of a typical farmhouse of the late eighteenth century. Although it is said to have been built about 1760, the remaining rear chimney (one of a pair) indicates that it may have been built as a one-room-deep house with a center through-hall and interior rear chimneys, a housetype that would not have been built in the Marlborough area until after the Revolution. The main structure is 2 1I2-stories, still one- room deep, and has a low one-story shed-roofed rear leanto abutting the rear southwest wall, giving the west end of the house a "saltbox" profile. The facade is five bays wide, with a narrow center entry with a flat surround and molded lintel. The windows are primarily replacement 8-over-12-sash, also with flat surrounds. The architectural trim includes some details typical of the late eighteenth ) century, including flat comer posts, sill board, and a shallow molded cornice with a compound bed ) molding below. In contrast to the Darling House across the street, the cornice here has short returns on the gable ends.

A long series of rear ells and an attached bam, demolished sometime in this century, once stretched south from the house. In the latter part of the nineteenth century the house acquired a two-story projecting bay window on the west end, and 2-over-2-sash windows throughout. The main entry has been changed at least twice; late in the nineteenth century it acquired a bracketed entry hood supported on turned posts (since removed.) A bam southwest of the house blew down in the 1938 hurricane.

) HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [X] see continuation sheet Explain history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of th building, and the rale(s) the owners/occupants played within the community.

According to local tradition, this house was built in about 1760 by farmer and miller William Hager (1733-1811). He and his brother Ebenezer married sisters Abigail and Sarah Stow-Ebenezer married Abigail in 1753, and William married Sarah (1738-1804) in 1761; thus, if the traditional date of 1760 is correct, it is likely that this house was built as a "marriage house." William and Ebenezer were the sons of Ebenezer Hager, who is believed to have built the sawmill on the nearby brook known for two centuries as Hager's Sawmill. The mill was probably built in about 1730, and by the time Ebenezer, Sr. and his wife Lydia Barnard Hager moved back to their former hometown of Framingham in 1763, the mill was apparently under the operation of one or both of their sons.

The house is located in the southern section of the part of Marlborough that in 1738 was proposed as a separate town by some of its residents, including Ebenezer Hager. The petition was unsuccessful, however. (Cont.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES [] see continuation sheet Bigelow, Ella. Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough. 1910. Hudson, Charles. History of the Town of Marlborough. 1862. Maps and Atlases: Holman, 1803; Wood, 1830; Hudson, 1835; Walling: 1853, 1857; Beers: 1875; Walker: 1889; Sanborns. Marlborough Directories. 1978 Inventory Form. Marlborough Vital Records. Wayside Inn: photo collectiion.

[X] Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, a completed National Register Criteria Statement form is attached. INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough William Hager House

Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form No. Boston, Massachusetts 02116 14

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. Ebenezer Hager, Sr., had owned a considerable amount of property in the vicinity. WiJliam eventually acquired most of it, both through inheritance, and by purchasing some of the holdings of Ebenezer, Jr., and another brother, Thaddeus. One of Marlborough's wealthiest citizens during the Revolution, William Hagar did not serve in the army or militia, and in 1778 is recorded as paying the fine of $50, rather than assume his required eight months of service. He was nevertheless a highly-respected man, and served his country and community in other capacities, including as a member of the Committee of Correspondence in 1781, as selectman in 1789, and for several years, beginning in 1791, as tax collector.

William and Sarah's son, William Hager, Jr. (1774-1858) succeeded his father as the owner of both the mill and this property.. Also a respected man with strong political loyalties, he was an avid federalist, and staunchly opposed the United States' involvement in the War of 1812. He married Nancy Parmenter in 1803, and they had ten children. She died in 1828; his second wife, the "widow Winn", survived him, and lived until 1875.

The family farm and mill passed into the hands of William and Nancy's sons, William and Martin. It was apparently William (1808-1890) who owned this house; by 1853 Martin (1818-1881) had built a house directly across the road (demolished.) Both brothers owned and managed the sawmill. Upon William's death in 1890, the mill and house became the property of his son, farmer George Hager, who was also president of the Marlborough Society of Natural History. Massachusetts Historical Commission Community Property Address 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116 Marlborough 929 Boston Post Rd.

Area(s) Form No(s).

National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form

Check all that apply:

[x] Individually eligible [ ] Eligible only in a historic district [ ] Contributing to a potential historic district [] Potential historic district

Criteria: [x] A [] B [x] C [] D

Criteria Considerations: [] A [] B [] C [] D [] E [] F [] G

Statement of Significance by __ F_o_r_b_es_I_S_ch_u_l_e_r _ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here.

The William Hager House meets Criteria A and C of the National Register. The late eighteenth century property is associated with one of the Marlborough's early mill families, the Hagers who owned and operated a sawmill on the brook adjacent to their property. Architecturally the dwelling was changed substantially in the late 1800s when it was "victorianized" and in the 1930s when it was "colonialized". These architectural changes are important for the light they shed on the history of preservation and the customs of the times. The property, one of a few Marlborough properties purchased by Henry Ford in the late 19205, is important for its association with Henry Ford's move to create a New England village around the nearby Wayside Inn. The property retains integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. ~ B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no.

MASSACHUSETTSHISTORICALCOMMISSION Office of the Secretary, State House, Boston

1. Town J.vlarlborough

Address 929 Boston Post ,Road

Name ~-Jil1iam Hager Homestead

Present use Real Estate Office

Present owner Mr. William Curley

3. Description: 2t Story ~olood Frame

Date 1760

Source Pub. Local Histories

Style Colonial

4. Map. Draw sketch of building location Architect None in relation to nearest cross streets and other buildings. !">di.~~tenorth. Exterior wall fabric -Wood Clapboard Outbuildings (describe) ------None Other features False center chimney,

originally a twin chimney one

room deep Altered ~------Date 1977 Moved------Date------5. Lot size:

One acre or less -- Over one acre ---X o o Approximate frontage 100 Fee t Approximate distance of building from street 8~STOJI p(JS, R,O!tP \---@ 30 Feet 6. Recorded by' Ernest Ginnetti --v Organization Marlborough Historical . Comm~ss~on RECEW~D Date 7/22/78 (over) i , DEC 13 1978 J,i,~,

MASS.. HIST. COM~ 7. Originalowner (ifknown) .iilliam Hager

Originaluse i:~e sidence Subsequentuses (ifany)and dates ;:~ealEst<3.te Office for 20 years

8. Themes (checkas many as applicable)

Aboriginal Conservation Recreation Agricultural Education Religion Architectural x Exploration/ Science/ The Arts settlement invention Commerce Industry x Social! Communication Military humanitarian Community development x Political X Transportation

9. Historicalsignificance(includeexplanationofthemes checked above) { This william Hager was born April 21, 1733, and. married Sarah Stow, a sister of his brothe~leanort s "Wife. She died in 1804 and he in January 1811 in his 78t~ year. He was evidently a man of unusual nat- ura~~y ability, well educated for his time and of large financial means. By inheritance and purchase he seems to have acquired most of his fathers and brother's property, and adding to it from time to time, with his already extensive holdings. Although in the prime of his life during the revolution he did not serve in the military, instead a SO dollar fine was paid to Capt. William Morse for use in hiring men for the Continental Army. In spite of this he retained the confidence of his fellow to\VllSmenwho repeatedly elected him to important offices. In 1781 he served as a member of the committee of correspondance, in 1789 as selectman, and for a number of terms starting with 1791 he served as collector of taxes. His grandfather also named William is credited with starting the Hager saw mill and farm in this section of Marlborough and apparently was in a joint business venture with the father of Samuel Adams in 1740, the object being to alleviate the distress and poverty of the country. This family originally moved to }larlborough from Watertown about 1726.

10. Bibliographyand/or references(suchas localhistories,deeds, assessor'srecords. 'earlymaps, etc.j

Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough, Ella Bigelow, Marl., 1910

History of Marlborough Mass., Charles Hudson, Boston 1862.

1803 Map of Marlborough, Silas Holman Surveyor •

! - .~. k.••••itrtitbriid,; . FORM B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no.

MASSACHUSETTSHISTORICALCOMMISSION 77 Iffice of the Secretary, state House, Boston ~ ,£) d ~ f > i l*:.' 1. Town Marlborough I Address 1 Boston Post Road Name S~on Maynard Homestead

~ " ~':~"'~~:;'~.;' Present use Residence ...~~r 2. . . ~:- '..'~~.:[~1!.\.:~~;-~. • Present owner Mr. Felix Krysa r 3. Description: Center Chimne.y Date Circa 1750

Source Pub. Local Histories

Style Colonial - . 4. Map. Draw sketch of building location Architect None in relation to nearest cross streets and other buildings. Indicate north. Exterior wall fabric Wood Clapboard Outbuildings (describe) ------None Other features Typical nine windmv o facade but building does not 00 o face south?

Altered------Date------MAIN -----1 Moved Date C ------o 5. Lot size: a K One acre or less X Over Oneacre L 0 Approximate frontage 80 Feet A Approximate distance of building from street tJ [J E 15 Feet 6. Recorded by Ernest Ginne.tti

Organization FarlboI'ou'0.:h Historical ''I • - • L>Ofru',llSSlon Date 7!G!7C

(over) • ------c

7. Originalowner (ifknown) Sinon Havnard earlie.st kno\Tn Originaluse__ ;~...:.a...:.rm:....L_l -:-__ :. _ Subsequentuses (ifany)and dates__:{_e_s_i_d_.e_n_c_e _

8. Themes (checkas many as applicable)

Aboriginal Conservation Recreation Agricultural Education Religion Architectural x Exploration/ Science/ The Arts settlement invention Commerce Industry Social! Communication Military humanitarian Community development Political Transportation

9. Historicalsignificance(includeexplanation ofthemes checked above)

Ella Bigelow called this house the Peace Peters or Elijah Dickins'n Homestead., howe ve r- on the map of 1803 Simon Baynard is clearly listed as living here, and. whenever there is a doubt between publications and maps, I take the name on the map because in many instances it is the earliest knovm reference I could find. Simon l'1aynard is a descendant of John Maynard, one of the original petitioners of Marlborough, the family has been so numerous in to,vn that it is difficult to keep track of them. For more information on the Baynard. family refer to Uriah Baynard and Hezekiah Maynard in this survey. On the corner of the Boston and Concord road stands the large square house of Hannah, the widow of Peace Peters, \vho lived here with her four children. She used. to keep a milliner's shop in the northeast corner and. her mother kept a store in the next room where the children bought peppermints until their pennies gave out. After the death of Peace Peters Hannah married Stephen How'e by whom she had. one child, who the records say was "awfully drowned" on Gates Pond. on the 4th of July. Both ;husbands of Hannah were blacksmiths and worked in a shop opposite the ~arren farm accross the street. The late Elijah Dichinson lived here for more than ten years before he moved to Fitchburgh and turned the blacksmith shop into a shoe shop which was later destroyed by fire.

10. Bibliographyand/or references.(suchas localhistories,deeds, assessor'srecords, early maps, etc.)

Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough, Ella Bigelow, Marl., 1910.

History of Marlborough Mass., Charles Hud.son, Boston, 1862.

1803 Map of Marlborough, Silas Holman Surveyor.

, j INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Simon Maynard/ Peters/Howe House Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form No. Boston, Massachusetts 02116 AA 77 Additional information by Anne Forbes, consultant to Marlborough Historical Commission, 6/21/95:

ASSESSOR'S #58-82 less than one acre PHOTO #95-18: 19

ARCHITECfURAL DESCRIPTION. This house, which was altered in 1990 by the replacement of its original 6-over-9-sash windows, still retains its typical form as a 2 1/2-stOl)',side-gabled, five-bay, center-chimney farmhouse of the end of the eighteenth century. The foundation is granite; the walls are presently shingled. The main part of the house is two rooms deep, and has been altered by the addition of a one-story ell at each end, and a deck at the rear. The main entry retains its early Federal period surround of flat pilasters, high frieze with leaded, semi-circular fanlight, and projecting, molded lintel. The pediment above it is a modem addition. The door is 6-paneled. At the roof line is a molded, boxed cornice, with returns, but no roof overhang on the gable ends.

A wide 3- over 3-panel door, apparently from a former shed or attachment to this house, was installed in the 1930's at the Newton/Dadmun House on Broadmeadow Road. (See Form #22.)

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. Although the construction date of this house is unknown, its form and style suggest that, as the 1978 inventory form surmises, it was probably built by its first known owner, Simon Maynard (1748- 1818). He married Silence Priest sometime before 1779, but it is likely that, since little building took place during the Revolution and the recession that followed, they might have built the house sometime in the 1780's-90's. Simon Maynard, like his neighbors, was apparently a farmer, and Mrs. Maynard kept a small store in the house, at least after her husband died.

In 1802 their daughter, Hannah (b. 1782), married Peace Peters (who may have come to Marlborough from Medfield). Mr. Peters was a blacksmith, one of only three (including his brother, in the north part of town), in Marlborough during his day. With the family blacksmith shop across the road, his mother-in-law's little store, and, eventually his wife's millinery shop in the house, this property helped make the three-way intersection here a hub of village activity east of the town center.

It is not known for certain whether Peace Peters ever actually owned the entire property, as he died in 1819, just after his father-in-law. In any case, Hannah Peters evidently inherited the house, as the next owner shown on maps is her second husband, Stephen Howe (son of Eleazer and Catyjfsarnard'[), whom she married in 1821. He was also a blacksmith, and worked at the blacksmith shop of his prececessor.

By about 1840, Elijah Dickinson and his family occupied the house. It is not known whether he owned it either, however. He was one of Marlborough's "first generation" shoe-makers in the late- 1830's-1840's. In 1842 he turned the old blacksmith shop into a small shoe factory, and operated here for about ten years before moving to Fitchburg. He eventually became quite prosperous, and in later years donated a library to his native town of Northfield. (Cont.) INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Simon Maynard/ Peters/Howe House Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form No. Boston, Massachusetts 02116 AA 77

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. By 1875 this property is shown under the name of H.M. Richards. He lived here until at least 1889. By 1900 the owner was Joseph E. Newton, who was here until at least 1927.

ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. Maps and atlases: 1803, 1830, 1835, 1853, 1856/57, 1875, 1889. Marlboro vital records. Marlboro directories and tax valuations. Bigelow, James. "Photographs and Descriptions of Some Old Houses in Marlbrough, Mass." 1927. Bigelow, James, "Map of Marlborough". 1900. Hurd, D.H. llistOIy of Middlesex County. 1890.

[ ] Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, a completed National Register Criteria Statement form is attached. FORM B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no.

MASSACHUSETTSHISTORICALCOMMISSION Office of the Secretary, State House, Boston

1. Town L:arlborou::;h

Address 91 Boston l-ost i.~oad

Name Joseph "\n11iams homestead

Present use Residence 2.

Present owner Mr. Sal Bova Conti

3. Description: 2t Story Center Chimney

Date 1660

Source Pub. Local Historie.s

Style Colonial

4. Map. Draw sketch of building location Architect None in relation to nearest cross streets and other buildings. Indicate north. Exterior wall fabric Asbestos Shingle R Outbuildings (describe)_N_o_n_e _ T Other features Rear ell is original ~ house which faces' south and has a ~------&~ PSTt:=.~> AVt=. 0 five window facade! o B Altered Date o ~ Moved Date @r 5. Lot size: 'tI One acre or less Over one acre X o p Approximate frontage 200 Fe.et o o 5 Approximate distance of building from street I 50 Feet

6. Recorded by Ernest Ginnetti _------=::-fi- ~ PHE.LPS It Organization Marlborough Historical sr . Comm~ss~on ~ ~ Date 9/21/78

(over)

30M-S-77 • 7. Ori~nalowner (likno~)~~_b_r_a_'_n_a_m~!_Jl_'1~1_i_Q_~_13~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_.~~ Original use ~~~~----~~~~------~~------,.-~_:_---~'ar"l~ Subsequent uses (if any) and dates --~~~~---~------~-~-~---~~-.ce s i dericc 8. Themes (check as many as applicable)

Aboriginal Conservation Recreation Agricultural x Education Religion Architectural X Exploration/ Science/ The Arts settlement invention Commerce Industry Social! Communication Military humanitarian Community development x Political Transportation r 9. Historical significance (include explanation of themes checked above) \

I Abraham williams was in Harlborough prior to 1660. He wa s one 01: the original petitioners for the new plantation and I believe the rear ell of this house Has the original structure. The three quarter center chimney which faces the street was probably built about 1760 by his grandson Joseph when he married. his first wife Lydia. His 2nd \",ifewa s Zenda Johnson whom he married April 1, 1766 and by ",hom they had. nine children. His son Joseph was born June 3, 1745 and married Anna Stow, daughter of Samuel and. Rebecca st ow , in 1766 the same year his father married his second wife Zeruia Johnson. The following is a quote from Ella Bf.geLow, "Here lived in early times Joseph ~Ji11iams and his trwo Maiden sisters. They tell us that during the Revolutionary war a wounded soldier sick unto death wa s left here in care of Mr. Hilliams who gave him every care, and. at his d.eath buried him in his own door yard. If He was still living until 1831 when Levi Hhitmore bought it. He wa s an excellent farmer and. a good school teacher in District No. 1 at Spring Hill. In 1887 Mr. Theodore Temple bought the house and his family oiVD0d the property until the present Ovmer purchased it in the late 50!s.

10. Bibliography and/or references (such as local histories, deeds, assessor's records, 'early maps, etc.)

Historical Reminiscences of Marlborough, Ella Bigelow, Marl., 1910.

History of Marlborough Mass., Charles Hudson, Boston Mass., 1862 •

.;~~.-., .'" . . .'';:'!~'t'~.;.•••.__ ••.~. INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Stow/Williams/Temple House Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form No. Boston, Massachusetts 02116 93

Additional information by Anne Forbes, consultant to Marlborough Historical Commission, 6/19/95:

ASSESSOR'S #58-50 28.9 acres PHOTO #95-19: 13, 14

ARCIDTECTURAL DESCRIPTION. The theory that the rear, southeast-facing wing predates the rest of this house is intriguing; an interior inspection may prove that this two-story section dates to the second quarter of the eighteenth century, or perhaps earlier. The main house, abutting the front end of the wing, faces northeast toward the road. It is a 2 lI2-story, two-room-deep building, four- by two-bays, with a large chimney located just off-center, behind the roof ridge. Although its proportions are typical of the second half of the eighteenth century, (it may, in fact, have been built after the 1766 marriage of Anna Stow and Joseph Williams), much of its surviving detail is typical of the Greek Revival period, and would post-date 1830. The main entry is through an enclosed vestibule, which has two 4-panel doors with applied moldings, one on each side, and a long 6-over-9-sash window on the front. Spanning the facade on either side of the vestibule is a hip-roofed porch, now on square posts, with an echinus-molded cornice. The roof of the porch continues over a long, one- bay extension aligned along the southeast side of the main house and northeast end of the wing, ending again over an open porch at the southwest end of the wing. The windows here are a mixture of types. Long 6-over-9-sash on the first story facade are typical of the Greek Revival period, as are the 6-over-6's at the second story. Some later 2-over-2-sash appear on the southeast side. Some trim has been lost to the synthetic and asphalt siding presently on the house, but a boxed cornice with echinus molding and returns adorns the roof line. Indicative of an earlier date, however, the roof does not overhang the gable ends.

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. Although this farm was occupied by Joseph Williams as early as 1803, future deed research may show that it did not come to him through the Williams family, but rather through the Stow( e)s, who owned considerable land in this vicinity in the eighteenth century. (Cf. Joab Stow House, Form 8). The actual owners of the house in 1803 were Samuel Stow and Joseph Williams. Samuel Stow (1723-1813) was the cousin of Simon Stow, who in the late 1700's owned the property on which the Marlborough Country Club is located. Samuel married Rebecca Howe in 1748, a likely date for the building of the rear section of the house, if it is indeed earlier than the rest. He was elected a Deacon in the town church on Spring Hill in 1770.

Samuel and Rebecca's daughter, Anna, married Joseph Williams in 1766, and they probably lived here with her parents for most of their married life. (Both Samuel and Rebecca lived to an advanced age-Samuel to the age of 90, and Rebecca, who died in 1818, to 91.) Joseph Williams, who, contrary to the 1978 inventory form statement, does not appear to have been the great- grandson of early Marlborough proprietor Abraham Williams, was born in 1745. He and Anna had at least eight children, of whom one of the two youngest, Rebecca (b. 1783) or Lucy (b. 1790), is shown as the owner of the house in 1830 and 1835. Both sisters lived here together for many years. (Cont.) INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Stow/Williams/Temple House Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area(s) Form No. Boston, Massachusetts 021.16 93

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. The purchase of the property by Levi F. Whitmore thus must have taken place sometime after 1835. How long he and his family lived here is not known; he was here in 1853, but by 1875 M. Dadmun (probably either Marshall Dadmun, or Martin Dadmun, Jr.), is shown as the owner. Theodore Temple, who bought the farm in 1887, was a descendant of Elijah Dadmun.

ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. Maps and atlases: 1803, 1830, 1835, 1853, 1856/57, 1875, 1889. Marlboro vital records Marlboro directories and tax valuations. Bigelow, James. "Photographs and Descriptions of Some Old Houses in Marlbrough, Mass." 1927. . ~ 1

I \

[ J Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, a completed National Register Criteria Statement form is attached. FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's number USGS Quad Areats) Form Number

.Massachusetts Historical Commission I 62-13 I I Sudbury I 1'--_--'---_124 _ 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116

1015 Boston Post Road

Parmenter/Garfield Store

Wayside Country Store

store

f Construction ca 1790; updated ca 1840 sign on store

Federal/Greek Revival

Architect/Builder unknown

Exterior Material:

Foundation granite

Wallrrrim wood c1apboard

Roof asphalt shingle

Outbuildings/Secondary Structures two one-

story modem and two one-story 19th-c' buildings on site (See p. 2). Major Alterations (with dates)•. _

long one-story east wing added, mjcl-20tb-C

See also page 2 Condition __ ,....go...•o....d""-- _

Moved [ ] no [XJ yes Date 1929-1930

Acreage 41 acres

Recorded by Anne Forbes Setting Part of fOllr-building commercial com-

Organization for Marlboro Hist Comm plex on north bank of Hager pond large

Date 3/31/94 parkin~ area in front BUILDING FORM

ARCHITEcruRAL DESCRIPTION [ ] see continuation sheet Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community.

A magnificent, though altered, example of a large 2 1I2-story "temple-front" Greek Revival building, this store actually dates to the Federal period of ca. 1790. In the winter of 1929-1930 it was moved here in two pieces, at which time it was lengthened and enlarged. Remaining from the original 'I structure are likely to be the 9-over-9- and 12-sash windows, and some of the architectural trim. The I building clearly underwent a major renovation in about 1840, when it would have acquired its stylish, J tetrastyle facade portico with wide, faceted Doric columns. Two 9-over-9-sash windows appear in the facade pediment, three in the second story of the .facade, and five 12-over-12-sash in the first. All windows have flat surrounds, and many have what appear to be early louvered blinds (shutters.) Windows on the sides of the building are 9-over-9-sash. The facade is almost symmetrical, with a central, mid-nineteenth-century double-leaf, glass-and-panel door. The entry's seven-light transom and splayed, flat lintel may remain from the Federal period. At the west edge of the facade is another door, a narrow glass-and-panel type.

The rear of this building may be nearly as indicative of the property's the facade. It stands on the slope of the bank of the pond, with a high granite-block basement story, where triple 12-over-12-sash flank a double-leaf, multi-light glass-and-panel door of ca. 1930 vintage. The stone blocks may have come from the ca. 1830 Hager Sawmill, which stood across the dam from this site until after Henry Ford bought it in the 1920's. I Flanking the store, between it and two outer modern one-story store buildings, are two relocated .1 buildings. One, a mid-eighteenth-century cobbler's shop, is a tiny 2- by l-bay building with a side- gabled, wood-shingle roof and small 6-over-6-sash windows (MHC #125). The other (MHC #126), apparently of late-nineteenth-century construction, is a long 1 1I2-story building with a series of through -cornice dormers on front and back. Like the store, it is built into the ground slope, its real wall supported on a high stone basement story.

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [] see continuation sheet '\ Explain history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the ; building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. )

This building is significant in both the 18th-19th-century history of Sudbury and in the early modem period in Marlborough. Built ca. 1790 in Sudbury center, it became known over the years as the Parmenter/Garfield Store.

In the 1920's the building, and this property near the site of the old Hager Sawmill in Marlborough, were acquired by Henry Ford for part of the restored rural colonial village that he was creating around the historic Howe's Tavern (now the Wayside Inn--NR, NHL) in Sudbury. He had the building moved here over the winter of 1929, and re-opened it as a general store for the tourist trade. At the same time he moved two other buildings into place beside it, a small, probably late- nineteenth-century "workman's quarters" of unknown origin (MHC #126), and a little cobbler's shop from Henniker, New Hampshire, said to date to ca. 1753 (MHC #125).

BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES [] see continuation sheet Anne Forbes: Interview with Lee Swanson, curator of Wayside Inn, Sudbury, 6/8/94. Gretchen Schuler: " " "" """"", 9/7/94.

Marlborough Parmenter/Garfield Store Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area Form No.(s) Boston, MA 02116 124, 125, 126 \'

o t"'

. ~~" l Massachusetts Historical Commission Community Property Address 80 Boylston Street Boston, Massachusetts 02116 Marlborough 1015 Boston Post Road Parmenter/Garfield Store complex

Area(s) Form No(s).

124-126

National Register of Historic Places Criteria Statement Form Check all that apply:

[ ] Individually eligible [x] Eligible only in a historic district [x] Contributing to a potential historic district [] Potential historic district

Criteria: [x] A [] B [ C [] D

Criteria Considerations: []A []B []C []D []E []F []G

Statement of Significance by _A_. _F_or_b_e_s _ The criteria that are checked in the above sections must be justified here.

This property, though it includes some modern structures, and all of the historically significant ones were moved to Marlborough from other locations, meets Criteria A for its contribution to the understanding of the Colonial Revival restoration movement of the 1920's, as exemplified by Henry Ford, who brought the Parmenter/Garfield Store from Sudbury, the cobbler's shop from New Hampshire, and the workmen's quarters from an unknown locality, to become part of his vision for a re-created New England village to accompany the nearby Wayside Inn, just over the border in Sudbury. FORM H - PARKS AND USGS Quad Area(s) Form No. Forms within LANDSCAPE FEATURES I Sudbury I 1=====1 I 907 908

.Town Marlborough •Place (neighborhood or village) _

Fast Marlborough

off Boston post Road

Hager pond

private [X] public Type of Park or Landscape Feature (check one):

park farm land green or common j mine or quarry arden ! training field tOlllevard/parkway J other mW poud Sketch Map Date of Construction 18th century; enlarged Draw a map of the area indicating properties within mid-19th C. it. Number each property for which individual ':;j Source town histories inventory forms have been completed. Label streets, .:::: including route numbers, if any. Attach a separate ;:5) Landscape architect none sheet if space is not sufficient here. Indicate north. ~f~ . _

Location of Plans ------r:!7' none

Alterations/Intrusions (with dates) _

none

Condition good

Acreage 33 acres

Setting On south side of ROllte 20 ) SlIT-

Organization for Marlboro Hist O,mm rounded by wooded banks , larue4J recent office

aD Date S/1 5/94 building complex S ,. Wayside* Store on N PARKS AND LANDSCAPES FORM

VISUAL/DESIGN ASSESSMENT [X] see continuation sheet Describe topography and layout. Note structures such as bandstands, gazebos, sheds, stone walls, monuments, and fountains. Note landscaping features such as [ormal plantings, agricultural plantings, and bodies of water. If possible, compare current appearance with original. ) Hager Pond is a long, irregular-shaped 33-acre body of water located at the eastern edge of Marlborough, just south of the Boston Post Road (Route 20). It is fed by Hop Brook and its .J subsidiary streams, and discharges over a small stone and concrete dam (#908) at its northeast corner into the wetlands leading to Grist Mill Pond. There are two small wooded islands in the pond, one at each end. The pond is ringed primarily by deciduous woods; a few modern houses stand along Hager Street at the eastern shore, and a large modem brick office building occupies part of the south shore. At the pond's west end is the mid-eighteenth-century William Hager House, and overlooking the north shore is a shopping complex dominated by a large Greek Revival building moved here in ca. 1925 from Sudbury, the GarfieldlParmenter (now the Wayside Country) Store. (Cont.) )

! J HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [] see continuation sheet Discuss history of use. Evaluate the historical associations of the landscape/park with the community.

Although the eighteenth-century sawmill that once stood on its northeastern shore is gone, this beautiful pond, created by the sawmill dam, (#908), survives as the only true millpond remaining in Marlborough. The sawmill and an early dam were erected in about 1730 by Ebenezer Hager, (b. 1698), originally of Watertown, who came to Marlborough in that year, after having lived in Framingham for five years.

He and his wife, Lydia Barnard Hager, built their homestead nearby on the north side of the Post Road, and lived here for over thirty years, managing the mill and acquiring a considerable amount of property in both Marlborough and Framingham. An illiterate man, Ebenezer Hager was nevertheless actively involved in business ventures, including a manufacturing scheme with the father of Samuel Adams. Ebenezer and Lydia returned to Framingham in 1763, and the management of the sawmill was taken over by their son, William, possibly in partnership with his brother, Ebenezer, Jr. In 1794 the Hager sawmill was one of six mills in Marlborough, and one of only two sawmills; the other was Cogswell's sawmill on the Assabet in today's Hudson. By 1803 Simon Maynard had a sawmill on Fort Meadow Brook, and by 1835 two others, Arnold's and Parmenter's, were also operating on the streams of the east part of town. (Cont.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES: Hudson. Bigelow. Maps and atlases: 1794, 1803, 1830, 1835, 1853, 1857, 1875, 1889. (See Master Bibliography.) Gretchen Schuler: interview with Lee Swanson, curator of Wayside Inn, Sudbury, 9n/94.

[ ] Recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form. INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property

Marlborough Hager Pond Massachusetts Historical Commission 80 Boylston Street Area Form No. Boston, MA 02116 907

VISUAUDESIGN ASSESSMENT, cont. The narrow dam (MHC #908), which was restored and probably rebuilt in the 1920's, is mostly concrete with rough, partially-mortared granite abutments, open in its cent.er, where the wat.er flows freely to a race roughly lined with large stones. A large corrugated metal culvert, its abutments faced with mortared fieldstone, carries the water under Hager Street.

HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cant. The sawmill passed down through Ebenezer and Lydia's descendants for several generations, and was still operating over 150 years later under the management of their great-great-grandson, George Hager. (See Form #14: William Hager House.)

In the 1920's, the mill, dam, and much of the pond, along with Ebenezer Hager's homestead and a large tract of land here at the eastern border of Marlborough, were acquired Henry Ford a part of a plan to establish a restored historic village at the border of Marlborough and Sudbury, to be associated with the Wayside Inn (Howe's Tavern), a short distance over the town line in Sudbury.

As part of the project., three buildings were moved to the 11011h bank, just west of the dam (sec Form 124, including MHC #s 125 and 126), and the dam was reinforced with stone and concrete. The old stone sawmill itself, however, was torn down, and many of its stones were apparently used in the construction and reconstruction of other structures on the Ford properties.