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Type Catalogue of Reptiles in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München

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Type Catalogue of Reptiles in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München SPIXIANA 30 2 201–274 München, 1. November 2007 ISSN 0341–8391 Type catalogue of reptiles in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München Michael Franzen & Frank Glaw Franzen, M. & F. Glaw (2007): Type catalogue of reptiles in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München. – Spixiana 30/2: 201-274 We provide a fi rst complete list of the present and lost reptile type material of the Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM) and discuss various problems involved. The collection currently houses primary types of 184 taxa (128 holotypes, 44 lectotypes, and 12 taxa based on syntype series), 112 of them currently considered valid. Furthermore, 63 taxa are exclusively represented by secondary types (para- types, paralectotypes). The ZSM collection strongly suffered from losses during World War II. Approximately 90 primary reptile type specimens or primary type series are considered to be destroyed during that time. The historical focus of the collection is the South American region. This is pri- marily based on material collected by Spix and Martius during their expedition to Brazil from 1817 to 1820. Primary types of 83 reptile taxa were collected during this expedition – approximately half of them described by J. G. Wagler – but currently specimens of only 53 taxa are still present in Munich. Subsequently, herpetological research in South America was continued during the fi rst half of the 20th Century by L. Müller und W. Hellmich, who deposited primary type material of 95 reptile taxa (49 from South America, among them 26 of the iguanid genus Liolaemus) in the ZSM, 47 of them still represented by primary types. Another geographical focus of the reptile type collection is the Mediterranean area, the Macaronesian region and the Middle East with a total of 46 extant pri- mary types. Herpetological research in this area dates back to descriptions by G. Jan in 1863 and was continued by L. Müller, H. H. Schleich, A. Beutler, and especially J. F. Schmidtler and their respective collaborators. Michael Franzen & Frank Glaw, Zoologische Staatssammlung, Münchhausenstr. 21, D-81247, München, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Introduction and historical development with currently 56 extant holo- and lectotypes. Only of the reptile type collection 19 of the 52 taxa described by Spix are currently considered valid, whereas 23 of the 43 names by The Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM) Wagler are still in use. is one of the major natural history collections in Other early herpetologists that described reptil- Germany. A short history of the herpetological col- ian taxa based on material in the collection are lection was already given by Gruber (1992) and Glaw Giorgio Jan (1858-1872; 8 primary types, 5 extant) & Fuchs (2001). The collection dates back to the and Franz Werner (1897-1930; 18 primary types, early 19th century and is primarily based on mate- 8 extant). rial obtained by Johann Baptist von Spix and Carl The fi rst half of the 20th century was dominated Friedrich Philipp von Martius during their expedi- by the works of Lorenz Müller and resulted in the tion to Brazil 1817-1820. The entire herpetological designation of 84 primary types of which only 40 works of Spix and Wagler resulted in a total of 95 are still extant. This includes 23 taxa (types of 22 newly described taxa (83 primary types of the South extant) based on works in collaboration with his American expedition originally housed in ZSM), successor Walter Hellmich. Later, W. Hellmich 201 continued Müller’s work on the South American detailed and convincing discussions for each taxon. tropidurid genus Liolaemus and described fi ve more We refer to Glaw & Franzen (2006) regarding infor- taxa in addition to 21 species and subspecies that mation on the three numbering systems of the ZSM. have been described together with L. Müller. As in the previous catalogue underlined numbers More recent authors which deposited material indicate extant specimens, whereas “(lost)” imme- in the ZSM are Josef Friedrich Schmidtler and Hans diately after a catalogue number indicates its absence. Hermann Schleich. The collection today houses The term “missing”, after a catalogue number nearly all type specimens of the former private col- refers to material which is absent in the collection, lection of J. F. Schmidtler, representing a total of 22 in most cases due to a considerable exceeding of the taxa. This material includes 17 holotypes (which loan period. already had been catalogued in ZSM) and several If the present name is identical to the name hundred paratypes. Taxa involved are mainly lacert- under which a taxon was described, the paragraph ids (current genera Anatololacerta, Darveskia, Lacerta, “Present name” is not listed. Phoenicolacerta), dwarf snakes of the genus Eirenis, and the scincid genus Ablepharus. H. H. Schleich and AS Private collection of Alfredo Salvador, Estación collaborators deposited primary types of 15 taxa in Biológica de Doñana AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New the ZSM, mainly North African Mauremys leprosa York subspecies and Capeverdian Tarentola and Mabuya BH Private collection of Barry Hughes, London (currently Chioninia). Other more recently described BMNH The Natural History Museum, London taxa include Madagascan snakes and gekkonids CAS California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco described by Frank Glaw and collaborators (seven CS former private collection of J. F. Schmidtler, primary types) and Cyrtopodion kotschyi subspecies München, now ZSM described by Axel Beutler and collaborators (fi ve EBRG Estacion Biologia de Rancho Grande, Museo, primary types). Maracay We located type material of a total of 347 reptile FMNH Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago taxa which was or still is housed in the herpeto- FML Instituto Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Tucuman logical collection. At present, 248 taxa are repre- GNM Göteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum IRSNB Institut Royal des Sciences Naturales de Belgi- sented by extant type material, including 184 taxa que, Brussels represented by primary types (128 holotypes, 44 MCZ Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge/ lectotypes, and 12 taxa based on syntype series), Mass. whereas 63 additional taxa are exclusively repre- MCNG Museo Civico di Historia Naturale, Genova sented by secondary types (paratype, paralecto- MHNL Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Lyon types). The extant primary type material includes MNHN Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris 22 turtle, two crocodilian, 106 lizard, and 53 snake MNHP National-Museum, Museum of Natural His- taxa. The most frequent families involved are Igua- tory, Prague nidae sensu lato (44 extant primary types), Colubri- MNHNC Museo Nacional de Historia Nacional, San- dae (39), and Gekkonidae (18). Lacertids suffered tiago de Chile most strongly from losses during World War II. MHNG Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneve MSMN Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano Currently only 11 of originally 36 primary types are MTKD Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden still present in the collection and most of the holo- MZF Museo Zoologico de “La Specola”, Firenze types of the Balearic wall lizard subspecies (Podarcis NHRM Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm lilfordi, P. pityusensis) described by L. Müller are NMR Natuur-historisch Museum Rotterdam presumed to be destroyed during that time. The NMBA Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel most frequent genus in the collection is the South NMBE Naturhistorisches Museum, Bern American tropidurid genus Liolaemus (Iguanidae NMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien s. l.) with 33 extant primary types or type series. MZUF Museo Zoologico dell’Università di Firenze QSMI Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok Format and Abbreviations RMNH National Museum of Natural History, Leiden SMF Natur-Museum und Forschungsinstitut “Sen- ckenberg”, Frankfurt This type catalogue follows the same general format SMNS Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart as used by Glaw & Franzen (2006) in the amphibian SRSN Società Romana di Scienze Naturali catalogue. For taxa obtained during Spix and Mar- USNM National Museum of Natural History, Wash- tius expedition to Brazil and described by Spix and ington Wagler we follow the opinions and conclusions of UMMZ University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology, Hoogmoed & Gruber (1983), who already provided Ann Arbor 202 Fig. 1. Holotype of Adelochelys crassa Baur, 1896 (ZSM 3049/0), currently considered a synonym of Orlitia borneensis Gray, 1873, a large South East Asian batagurid turle. ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Mauremys caspica siebenrocki Wischuf & Fritz Koenig, Bonn (in Fritz & Wischuf), 1997 ZMA Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amster- dam Zool. Abh. Staat. Mus. Tierkunde 49 (13): 240 ZMB Zoologisches Museum an der Humboldt-Uni- Paratypes: ZSM 37/1957/1-15, 9 subadult males, 6 versität zu Berlin subadult females, “Dez, Süd-Persien” (original de- ZMH Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg ZMUC Zoological Museum, University of Copenha- scription), “Dez (Süd-Persien), Chusistan – Har- gen malah, 120 km vor Ahwaz” (label), collected by J. ZDEU Zooloji Anabilim Dali, Ege Üniversitesi, Bor- Popp, 10.1957. nova-Izmir Remarks: In addition to the holotype, a total of 82 ZISP Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, St. individuals is listed – but not explicitly indicated – as Petersburg paratypes in the original description, including the ZSM specimens. The type status of these specimens is indicated by the remark of Fritz (2002), that para- Order Testudines types are housed in several collections, including
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