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The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility

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The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility Final Report Prepared by Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) Anstalt des öffentlichen Rechts for DG Energy and Transport European Commission The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility Final Report The findings, conclusions and interpretations expressed in this document are those of Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) alone and should in no way be taken to reflect the policies or opinions of the European Commission. This report has been prepared by Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG). Contributors to the study: Michael Grunwald, Inês Löff Barroso, Andris Mamis, Andrea Neumann and Jürgen Senst. 2003 The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility Contents Synopsis....................................................................................................................1 1 Introduction................................................................................................................3 2 The Situation for citizens with reduced mobility in the EU Member States .......5 2.1 People with reduced mobility.......................................................................................5 2.2 The number of people with reduced mobility ..............................................................6 2.2.1 Structural data of the EU Member States ...................................................................6 2.2.2 The number of people with disabilities........................................................................7 2.2.3 The total number of people with reduced mobility ......................................................8 2.2.4 Future development in the number of PRM................................................................8 2.3 Transport services for PRM.......................................................................................10 2.3.1 Public transport..........................................................................................................10 2.3.2 Special dedicated services........................................................................................10 2.3.3 Taxis ..........................................................................................................................11 2.3.4 Private cars................................................................................................................12 2.4 The mobility of PRM in local public transport............................................................13 3 Estimates and measures in the selected cities ...................................................14 3.1 Survey of selected cities............................................................................................14 3.2 PRM in the cities........................................................................................................14 3.2.1 Approach of cities to making public transport accessible .........................................14 3.2.2 Obstacles to accessibility ..........................................................................................15 3.2.3 Use of different transport means...............................................................................16 3.3 Buses .........................................................................................................................17 3.3.1 Low-floor technology .................................................................................................17 3.3.2 Raised bus stop platforms and kneeling ...................................................................18 3.3.3 Wheelchair users.......................................................................................................19 3.3.4 Measures for audibly and visually impaired passengers ..........................................19 3.3.5 Bus deployment strategies ........................................................................................20 3.3.6 Improvement of bus stops .........................................................................................21 3.4 Trams.........................................................................................................................22 3.4.1 Step-free boarding.....................................................................................................22 3.4.2 Meeting the needs of people with sensory disabilities..............................................23 3.4.3 Tram stops.................................................................................................................23 3.4.4 Tram deployment strategies......................................................................................23 3.5 Underground and suburban railways ........................................................................24 3.5.1 Accessibility of stations..............................................................................................24 3.5.2 Boarding.....................................................................................................................26 3.5.3 People with visual impairments.................................................................................26 3.6 Further features/aids for persons with disabilities.....................................................27 3.7 Information systems ..................................................................................................29 3.8 Financial aspects.......................................................................................................30 3.8.1 Investment and operation costs ................................................................................30 3.8.2 Concessionary fares..................................................................................................31 3.9 Accompanying measures ..........................................................................................33 Page III The Accessibility of Urban Transport to People with Reduced Mobility 4 Requirements for PRM and their implementation ...............................................36 4.1 Vehicle manufacturer questionnaire..........................................................................36 4.1.1 Bus manufacturers ....................................................................................................36 4.1.2 Rail-bound vehicle manufacturers.............................................................................38 4.2 Recommendations for the application of technical aspects......................................38 4.2.1 Buses and people with walking disabilities ...............................................................39 4.2.1.1 Kneeling and lifts .......................................................................................................39 4.2.1.2 Ramps........................................................................................................................40 4.2.1.3 Street level measures................................................................................................40 4.2.1.4 Vehicle interior measures..........................................................................................41 4.2.1.5 Wheelchair safety measures .....................................................................................41 4.2.2 Trams and people with walking disabilities...............................................................41 4.2.3 Underground systems and people with walking disabilities .....................................42 4.2.4 Ferries and people with walking disabilities..............................................................43 4.2.5 Requirements for blind and visually impaired people ...............................................43 4.2.6 Requirements for audibly impaired people ...............................................................44 5 Legislation and National Action Plans..................................................................45 5.1 Legislation at EU-level...............................................................................................45 5.2 National legislation ....................................................................................................46 5.2.1 Vehicles .....................................................................................................................48 5.2.2 Infrastructures............................................................................................................49 5.2.3 Transport services offered.........................................................................................49 5.2.4 Information systems ..................................................................................................50 5.2.5 Costs and financing ...................................................................................................50 5.2.6 Other specifications ...................................................................................................51 5.3 National Action Plans ................................................................................................51 5.3.1 Accessibility to vehicles and infrastructure ...............................................................52 5.3.2 Transport services offered and information systems................................................53 5.3.3 Costs and financing ...................................................................................................53 5.3.4 Other specifications ...................................................................................................53
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