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The Transcriptome of the Avian Malaria Parasite Plasmodium
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/072454; this version posted August 31, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 The Transcriptome of the Avian Malaria Parasite 2 Plasmodium ashfordi Displays Host-Specific Gene 3 Expression 4 5 6 7 8 Running title 9 The Transcriptome of Plasmodium ashfordi 10 11 Authors 12 Elin Videvall1, Charlie K. Cornwallis1, Dag Ahrén1,3, Vaidas Palinauskas2, Gediminas Valkiūnas2, 13 Olof Hellgren1 14 15 Affiliation 16 1Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 17 2Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania 18 3National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Lund University, Lund, Sweden 19 20 Corresponding authors 21 Elin Videvall ([email protected]) 22 Olof Hellgren ([email protected]) 23 24 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/072454; this version posted August 31, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 25 Abstract 26 27 Malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.) include some of the world’s most widespread and virulent 28 pathogens, infecting a wide array of vertebrates. Our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms these 29 parasites use to invade and exploit hosts other than mice and primates is, however, extremely limited. 30 How do Plasmodium adapt to individual hosts and to the immune response of hosts throughout an 31 infection? To better understand parasite plasticity, and identify genes that are conserved across the 32 phylogeny, it is imperative that we characterize transcriptome-wide gene expression from non-model 33 malaria parasites in multiple host individuals. -
TEXT-BOOKS of ANIMAL BIOLOGY a General Zoology of The
TEXT-BOOKS OF ANIMAL BIOLOGY * Edited by JULIAN S. HUXLEY, F.R.S. A General Zoology of the Invertebrates by G. S. Carter Vertebrate Zoology by G. R. de Beer Comparative Physiology by L. T. Hogben Animal Ecology by Challes Elton Life in Inland Waters by Kathleen Carpenter The Development of Sex in Vertebrates by F. W. Rogers Brambell * Edited by H. MUNRO Fox, F.R.S. Animal Evolution / by G. S. Carter Zoogeography of the Land and Inland Waters by L. F. de Beaufort Parasitism and Symbiosis by M. Caullery PARASITISM AND ~SYMBIOSIS BY MAURICE CAULLERY Translated by Averil M. Lysaght, M.Sc., Ph.D. SIDGWICK AND JACKSON LIMITED LONDON First Published 1952 !.lADE AND PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LlMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vii PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION xi CHAPTER I Commensalism Introduction-commensalism in marine animals-fishes and sea anemones-associations on coral reefs-widespread nature of these relationships-hermit crabs and their associates CHAPTER II Commensalism in Terrestrial Animals Commensals of ants and termites-morphological modifications in symphiles-ants.and slavery-myrmecophilous plants . 16 CHAPTER III From Commensalism to Inquilinism and Parasitism Inquilinism-epizoites-intermittent parasites-general nature of modifications produced by parasitism 30 CHAPTER IV Adaptations to Parasitism in Annelids and Molluscs Polychates-molluscs; lamellibranchs; gastropods 40 CHAPTER V Adaptation to Parasitism in the Crustacea Isopoda-families of Epicarida-Rhizocephala-Ascothoracica -
COEVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS in a NEW TRIPARTITE MARINE SYMBIOSIS Phylogenetic Affinities of the Symbiotic Protist Nephromyces
COEVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS IN A NEW TRIPARTITE MARINE SYMBIOSIS Phylogenetic affinities of the symbiotic protist Nephromyces Mary Beth Saffo Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole & Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University Abstract 2. Phenotypic features suggestive of general protistan affinities All molgulid ascidian tunicates (Urochordata, phylum Chordata) : •tubular mitochondrial cristae (fig. 5,8) contain, in the lumen of the peculiar, ductless “renal sac,” an equally •thraustochytrid-like sporangia (fig. 4); other developmental stages bear vague peculiar symbiotic protist, Nephromyces. From the first description of resemblances to various other protistan taxa. Nephromyces in the 1870’s, the phylogenetic affinities, even existence, of this taxon has been a matter of debate. Though classified by Alfred Giard in 1888 as a chytridiomycete, Nephromyces has 3. Ssu rDNA sequences indicate that Nephromyces is an apicomplexan clade (preliminary phylogenetic analysis: a sample resisted definitive identification with any particular fungal or protistan Maximum likelihood trees shown) taxa. While its chitinous walls and hyphal-like cells support the notion of fungal affinities for Nephromyces, many other features , including the divergent phylogenetic implications of its morphologically eclectic life cycle , do not. Sequencing of ssu rDNA, indicates, however, that Nephromyces is an apicomplexan; these molecular data are supported by apicomplexan-like characters in the morphology Nephromyces’ host-transfer and infective stages. Other morphological and biochemical features of Nephromyces , some of Phylogenetic analyses, still in progress, consistently indicate thatNephromyces is a distinct them unusual among apicomplexa, or even protists generally, clade within the Apicomplexa. Although the challenge us to consider the significance of certain phenotypic relationship of Nephromyces to other apicomplexan characters as diagnostic tools in inferring deep phylogenies. -
Protistology Mitochondrial Genomes of Amoebozoa
Protistology 13 (4), 179–191 (2019) Protistology Mitochondrial genomes of Amoebozoa Natalya Bondarenko1, Alexey Smirnov1, Elena Nassonova1,2, Anna Glotova1,2 and Anna Maria Fiore-Donno3 1 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia 2 Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia 3 University of Cologne, Institute of Zoology, Terrestrial Ecology, 50674 Cologne, Germany | Submitted November 28, 2019 | Accepted December 10, 2019 | Summary In this mini-review, we summarize the current knowledge on mitochondrial genomes of Amoebozoa. Amoebozoa is a major, early-diverging lineage of eukaryotes, containing at least 2,400 species. At present, 32 mitochondrial genomes belonging to 18 amoebozoan species are publicly available. A dearth of information is particularly obvious for two major amoebozoan clades, Variosea and Tubulinea, with just one mitochondrial genome sequenced for each. The main focus of this review is to summarize features such as mitochondrial gene content, mitochondrial genome size variation, and presence or absence of RNA editing, showing if they are unique or shared among amoebozoan lineages. In addition, we underline the potential of mitochondrial genomes for multigene phylogenetic reconstruction in Amoebozoa, where the relationships among lineages are not fully resolved yet. With the increasing application of next-generation sequencing techniques and reliable protocols, we advocate mitochondrial -
A Revised Classification of Naked Lobose Amoebae (Amoebozoa
Protist, Vol. 162, 545–570, October 2011 http://www.elsevier.de/protis Published online date 28 July 2011 PROTIST NEWS A Revised Classification of Naked Lobose Amoebae (Amoebozoa: Lobosa) Introduction together constitute the amoebozoan subphy- lum Lobosa, which never have cilia or flagella, Molecular evidence and an associated reevaluation whereas Variosea (as here revised) together with of morphology have recently considerably revised Mycetozoa and Archamoebea are now grouped our views on relationships among the higher-level as the subphylum Conosa, whose constituent groups of amoebae. First of all, establishing the lineages either have cilia or flagella or have lost phylum Amoebozoa grouped all lobose amoe- them secondarily (Cavalier-Smith 1998, 2009). boid protists, whether naked or testate, aerobic Figure 1 is a schematic tree showing amoebozoan or anaerobic, with the Mycetozoa and Archamoe- relationships deduced from both morphology and bea (Cavalier-Smith 1998), and separated them DNA sequences. from both the heterolobosean amoebae (Page and The first attempt to construct a congruent molec- Blanton 1985), now belonging in the phylum Per- ular and morphological system of Amoebozoa by colozoa - Cavalier-Smith and Nikolaev (2008), and Cavalier-Smith et al. (2004) was limited by the the filose amoebae that belong in other phyla lack of molecular data for many amoeboid taxa, (notably Cercozoa: Bass et al. 2009a; Howe et al. which were therefore classified solely on morpho- 2011). logical evidence. Smirnov et al. (2005) suggested The phylum Amoebozoa consists of naked and another system for naked lobose amoebae only; testate lobose amoebae (e.g. Amoeba, Vannella, this left taxa with no molecular data incertae sedis, Hartmannella, Acanthamoeba, Arcella, Difflugia), which limited its utility. -
Studies on Blood Parasites of Birds in Coles County, Illinois Edward G
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1968 Studies on Blood Parasites of Birds in Coles County, Illinois Edward G. Fox Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in Zoology at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Fox, Edward G., "Studies on Blood Parasites of Birds in Coles County, Illinois" (1968). Masters Theses. 4148. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4148 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PAPER CERTIFICATE #3 To: Graduate Degree Candidates who have written formal theses. Subject: Permission to reproduce theses. The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for inclusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements. Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for inclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. I respectfully request Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University not allow my thesis be reproduced because------------- Date Author STUDIES CB BLOOD PARA.SIDS 0, BlRDS Xlf COLES COUIITY, tI,JJJIOXI (TITLE) BY Bdward G. iox B. s. -
Real-Time Dynamics of Plasmodium NDC80 Reveals Unusual Modes of Chromosome Segregation During Parasite Proliferation Mohammad Zeeshan1,*, Rajan Pandey1,*, David J
© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Cell Science (2021) 134, jcs245753. doi:10.1242/jcs.245753 RESEARCH ARTICLE SPECIAL ISSUE: CELL BIOLOGY OF HOST–PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS Real-time dynamics of Plasmodium NDC80 reveals unusual modes of chromosome segregation during parasite proliferation Mohammad Zeeshan1,*, Rajan Pandey1,*, David J. P. Ferguson2,3, Eelco C. Tromer4, Robert Markus1, Steven Abel5, Declan Brady1, Emilie Daniel1, Rebecca Limenitakis6, Andrew R. Bottrill7, Karine G. Le Roch5, Anthony A. Holder8, Ross F. Waller4, David S. Guttery9 and Rita Tewari1,‡ ABSTRACT eukaryotic organisms to proliferate, propagate and survive. During Eukaryotic cell proliferation requires chromosome replication and these processes, microtubular spindles form to facilitate an equal precise segregation to ensure daughter cells have identical genomic segregation of duplicated chromosomes to the spindle poles. copies. Species of the genus Plasmodium, the causative agents of Chromosome attachment to spindle microtubules (MTs) is malaria, display remarkable aspects of nuclear division throughout their mediated by kinetochores, which are large multiprotein complexes life cycle to meet some peculiar and unique challenges to DNA assembled on centromeres located at the constriction point of sister replication and chromosome segregation. The parasite undergoes chromatids (Cheeseman, 2014; McKinley and Cheeseman, 2016; atypical endomitosis and endoreduplication with an intact nuclear Musacchio and Desai, 2017; Vader and Musacchio, 2017). Each membrane and intranuclear mitotic spindle. To understand these diverse sister chromatid has its own kinetochore, oriented to facilitate modes of Plasmodium cell division, we have studied the behaviour movement to opposite poles of the spindle apparatus. During and composition of the outer kinetochore NDC80 complex, a key part of anaphase, the spindle elongates and the sister chromatids separate, the mitotic apparatus that attaches the centromere of chromosomes to resulting in segregation of the two genomes during telophase. -
Protist Phylogeny and the High-Level Classification of Protozoa
Europ. J. Protistol. 39, 338–348 (2003) © Urban & Fischer Verlag http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/ejp Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa Thomas Cavalier-Smith Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK; E-mail: [email protected] Received 1 September 2003; 29 September 2003. Accepted: 29 September 2003 Protist large-scale phylogeny is briefly reviewed and a revised higher classification of the kingdom Pro- tozoa into 11 phyla presented. Complementary gene fusions reveal a fundamental bifurcation among eu- karyotes between two major clades: the ancestrally uniciliate (often unicentriolar) unikonts and the an- cestrally biciliate bikonts, which undergo ciliary transformation by converting a younger anterior cilium into a dissimilar older posterior cilium. Unikonts comprise the ancestrally unikont protozoan phylum Amoebozoa and the opisthokonts (kingdom Animalia, phylum Choanozoa, their sisters or ancestors; and kingdom Fungi). They share a derived triple-gene fusion, absent from bikonts. Bikonts contrastingly share a derived gene fusion between dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase and include plants and all other protists, comprising the protozoan infrakingdoms Rhizaria [phyla Cercozoa and Re- taria (Radiozoa, Foraminifera)] and Excavata (phyla Loukozoa, Metamonada, Euglenozoa, Percolozoa), plus the kingdom Plantae [Viridaeplantae, Rhodophyta (sisters); Glaucophyta], the chromalveolate clade, and the protozoan phylum Apusozoa (Thecomonadea, Diphylleida). Chromalveolates comprise kingdom Chromista (Cryptista, Heterokonta, Haptophyta) and the protozoan infrakingdom Alveolata [phyla Cilio- phora and Miozoa (= Protalveolata, Dinozoa, Apicomplexa)], which diverged from a common ancestor that enslaved a red alga and evolved novel plastid protein-targeting machinery via the host rough ER and the enslaved algal plasma membrane (periplastid membrane). -
The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231610049 The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes Article in Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology · September 2012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 961 2,825 25 authors, including: Sina M Adl Alastair Simpson University of Saskatchewan Dalhousie University 118 PUBLICATIONS 8,522 CITATIONS 264 PUBLICATIONS 10,739 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Christopher E Lane David Bass University of Rhode Island Natural History Museum, London 82 PUBLICATIONS 6,233 CITATIONS 464 PUBLICATIONS 7,765 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Biodiversity and ecology of soil taste amoeba View project Predator control of diversity View project All content following this page was uploaded by Smirnov Alexey on 25 October 2017. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. The Journal of Published by the International Society of Eukaryotic Microbiology Protistologists J. Eukaryot. Microbiol., 59(5), 2012 pp. 429–493 © 2012 The Author(s) Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology © 2012 International Society of Protistologists DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x The Revised Classification of Eukaryotes SINA M. ADL,a,b ALASTAIR G. B. SIMPSON,b CHRISTOPHER E. LANE,c JULIUS LUKESˇ,d DAVID BASS,e SAMUEL S. BOWSER,f MATTHEW W. BROWN,g FABIEN BURKI,h MICAH DUNTHORN,i VLADIMIR HAMPL,j AARON HEISS,b MONA HOPPENRATH,k ENRIQUE LARA,l LINE LE GALL,m DENIS H. LYNN,n,1 HILARY MCMANUS,o EDWARD A. D. -
Plenary Lecture & Symposium
PLENARY LECTURE & SYMPOSIUM SYMPOSIuM From genomics to flagellar and ciliary struc - MONDAY 29 JulY tures and cytoskeleton dynamics (by FEPS) PlENARY lECTuRE (ISoP Honorary Member lECTuRE) Chairs (by ISoP) Cristina Miceli , University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Helena Soares , University of Lisbon and Gulbenkian Foun - Introduction - John Dolan , CNRS-Sorbonne University, Ville - dation, Lisbon, Portugal franche-sur-Mer, France. Jack Sunter - Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK- Genome Tom Fenchel University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Den - wide tagging in trypanosomes uncovers flagellum asymmetries mark Dorota Wloga - Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, War - ISoP Honorary Member saw, Poland - Deciphering the molecular mechanisms that coor - dinate ciliary outer doublet complexes – search for “missing Size, Shape and Function among Protozoa links” Helena Soares - University of Lisbon and Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal - From centrosomal microtubule an - SYMPOSIuM on ciliate biology and taxonomy in memory choring and organization to basal body positioning: TBCCD1 an of Denis lynn (by FEPS/ISoP) elusive protein Chairs Pierangelo luporini , University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy Roberto Docampo , University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia TuESDAY 30 JulY Alan Warren - Natural History Museum, London, UK. The bio - logy and systematics of peritrich ciliates: old concepts and new PlENARY lECTuRE (PAST-PRESIDENT LECTURE, by ISoP) findings Rebecca Zufall - University of Houston, Houston, USA. Amitosis Introduction - Avelina Espinosa , Roger Williams University, and the Evolution of Asexuality in Tetrahymena Ciliates Bristol, USA Sabine Agatha - University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. The biology and systematics of oligotrichean ciliates: new findings David Bass and old concepts Natural History Museum London, London & Cefas, Weymouth, laura utz - School of Sciences, PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. -
Systematic Index
Systematic Index The systematic index contains the scientific names of all taxa mentioned in the book e.g., Anisonema sp., Anopheles and the vernacular names of protists, for example, tintinnids. The index is two-sided, that is, species ap - pear both with the genus-group name first e.g., Acineria incurvata and with the species-group name first ( incurvata , Acineria ). Species and genera, valid and invalid, are in italics print. The scientific name of a subgenus, when used with a binomen or trinomen, must be interpolated in parentheses between the genus-group name and the species- group name according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In the following index, these paren - theses are omitted to simplify electronic sorting. Thus, the name Apocolpodidium (Apocolpodidium) etoschense is list - ed as Apocolpodidium Apocolpodidium etoschense . Note that this name is also listed under “ Apocolpodidium etoschense , Apocolpodidium ” and “ etoschense , Apocolpodidium Apocolpodidium ”. Suprageneric taxa, communities, and vernacular names are represented in normal type. A boldface page number indicates the beginning of a detailed description, review, or discussion of a taxon. f or ff means include the following one or two page(s), respectively. A Actinobolina vorax 84 Aegyriana paroliva 191 abberans , Euplotes 193 Actinobolina wenrichii 84 aerophila , Centropyxis 87, 191 abberans , Frontonia 193 Actinobolonidae 216 f aerophila sphagnicola , Centropyxis 87 abbrevescens , Deviata 140, 200, 212 Actinophrys sol 84 aerophila sylvatica -
Ecology and Evolution of Malarial Parasites In
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF MALARIAL PARASITES IN VERTEBRATE HOSTS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Holly Lynn Lutz August 2016 © Holly Lynn Lutz 2016 ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF MALARIAL PARASITES IN VERTEBRATE HOSTS Holly Lynn Lutz, Ph.D. Cornell University 2016 This dissertation represents a culmination of extensive field work and collections of African vertebrates and their symbionts, as well as experimental studies carried out in the laboratory. Field work was conducted primarily in the East African countries of Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Uganda. Throughout these expeditions, efforts were made to improve field protocols for the comprehensive sampling of wild vertebrates and their symbionts, with particular focus on the sampling of avian blood parasites (haematozoa), ectoparasites (arthropods), endoparasites (helminths), and microbial symbionts (bacteria and viruses). This dissertation therefore includes a chapter with detailed guidelines and protocols for sampling avian symbionts based on these experiences. Following chapters rely on data from both field collections and laboratory experiments, which provide a foundation for addressing the ecology, systematics, and molecular evolution of malarial parasites in vertebrate hosts. Specifically, haemosporidian data from 2,539 Afrotropical birds and small mammals (bats, rodents, and shrews) collected during field inventories were used to (1) test hypotheses linking host life history traits and host ecology to patterns of infection by three haemosporidian parasite genera in birds (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon), and (2) re-evaluate the molecular phylogeny of the order Haemosporida by incorporating existing genomic data from haemosporidian parasites with data from novel parasite lineages infecting major vertebrate host groups, including birds, mammals, and reptiles.