Viaducts | Archaeological Overview Assessment
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October 2, 2015 Archaeological Overview Assessment Northeast False Creek Project Vancouver, BC Submitted to: Business Planning & Services City of Vancouver #300 - 515 West 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 4A8 Prepared under Musqueam Indian Band Permit MIB-15-105-AOA Stó:lō Heritage Investigation Permit 2015-052, Squamish Nation Archaeological Investigation Permit 15-0117, and Tsleil-Waututh Cultural Heritage Investigation Permit 2015-021 Report Number: 1405994-012-R-Rev0 Distribution: 1 E-Copy – City of Vancouver 1 E-Copy and 1 Copy – Archaeology Branch, Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations 1 E-Copy and 1 Copy– Musqueam Indian Band 1 E-Copy – Stó:lō Research and Resource Management Centre REPORT 1 E-Copy – Squamish Nation 1 E-Copy – Tsleil-Waututh Nation 2 Copies - Golder Associates Ltd. ARCHAEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW ASSESSMENT NORTHEAST FALSE CREEK PROJECT Executive Summary Golder Associates Ltd. (Golder) was retained by the City of Vancouver (CoV) to conduct an archaeological overview assessment (AOA) for the proposed Northeast False Creek Project (the “Project”) within the City of Vancouver, BC. The CoV is proposing to remove the Georgia and Dunsmuir Viaducts within the Pacific Place lands and replace them with a network of streets at grade. The Project area is bordered by Keefer Place to the north, Beatty Street to the west, Pacific Boulevard and Milross Avenue to the south and Main Street to the east. The AOA was conducted under the terms and conditions of Musqueam Indian Band Permit MIB-15-105-AOA, Stó:lō Heritage Investigation Permit 2015-052, Squamish Nation Archaeological Investigation Permit 15-0117, and Tsleil-Waututh Cultural Heritage Investigation Permit 2015-021. The objectives of the AOA were to: 1) identify known archaeological and historical sites within the Project area, to the degree possible, using existing records; 2) identify and evaluate the potential of encountering archaeological sites within the Project area; 3) assess the need for more detailed archaeological investigations (e.g., an archaeological impact assessment) within the Project area; and, 4) provide guidelines for any future proposed developments. The Project area is situated within an area that previously composed the eastern mudflats of False Creek. Infilling of this area began in the 1910s to allow the construction of passenger terminals for the Great Northern Railway and the Canadian Northern Pacific Railway. This filling continued for over half a century for other industrial and recreational purposes. The Project area was heavily used by industry (e.g., coal gasification plant, lumber yard and mill, shipbuilding facilities) during this time period. No previously registered archaeological sites were identified within 100 m of the Project area. Three First Nations place name and / or land use areas, a pre-contact / historical trail northwest of the Project area, and a documented travel route were identified within 100 m of the Project area. Three heritage properties, 128 West Pender Street, 901 Main Street, and 190 Prior Street, overlap the overall Project footprint; however, none of these properties appear to overlap the proposed road infrastructure. The potential is low that these properties will be affected by Project-related construction activities. This archaeological overview assessment examined the archaeological potential of the Project area; that is the likelihood that unrecorded archaeological sites are, or were at one time, present in the Project area. It is based on an evaluation of ethnographic, historical, environmental, and archaeological data relating to First Nations and Euro-Canadian land use patterns and known archaeological site locations. While the Project area has potential to contain low density stone artifact scatters, isolated finds, temporary encampments, and Heritage Conservation Act-protected historical sites, the likelihood of encountering archaeological and historical resources is considered low. Golder recommends implementation of an Archaeological Chance Find procedure for Project-related construction activities. October 2, 2015 Report No. 1405994-012-R-Rev0 i ARCHAEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW ASSESSMENT NORTHEAST FALSE CREEK PROJECT Credits Project Manager Erik von Krogh, BSc (Hons), RP Bio. Archaeology Lead Shauna Huculak, MA, RPCA Report Authors Lindsay Foreman, PhD Shauna Huculak GIS Jonathan Pokotylo, BSc, Advance Dipl. Sidney Rempel, MA Gabriel Iturralde, Dipl. Senior Technical Review Andrew Mason, MA, RPCA October 2, 2015 Report No. 1405994-012-R-Rev0 ii ARCHAEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW ASSESSMENT NORTHEAST FALSE CREEK PROJECT Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................................ 1 2.1 Proposed Development ....................................................................................................................................... 1 2.2 Potential Project Impacts ..................................................................................................................................... 2 3.0 HERITAGE LEGISLATION ............................................................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Heritage Conservation Act ................................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Municipal By-laws ................................................................................................................................................ 3 3.3 First Nations Heritage Policy and Permitting Systems ......................................................................................... 3 4.0 METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 4.1 Identification of First Nations with Potential Interests ........................................................................................... 4 4.2 Archaeological and Heritage Background Review ............................................................................................... 4 4.3 Identification of Potential Archaeological and Heritage Constraints ..................................................................... 4 4.4 Evaluation of the Need for Additional Archaeological and Heritage Studies ........................................................ 5 4.5 Reporting ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 5.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HERITAGE REVIEW RESULTS ........................................................................................... 5 5.1 First Nations with Potential Interests .................................................................................................................... 5 5.2 False Creek Pre-urbanization .............................................................................................................................. 5 5.3 The Urbanization of False Creek ......................................................................................................................... 6 5.4 Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites .......................................................................................................... 7 5.5 First Nation Place Names and / or Land Use Areas ............................................................................................ 7 5.6 Heritage Resources ............................................................................................................................................. 8 6.0 POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................................ 9 7.0 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................. 10 8.0 CLOSURE ....................................................................................................................................................................... 10 9.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 October 2, 2015 Report No. 1405994-012-R-Rev0 iii ARCHAEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW ASSESSMENT NORTHEAST FALSE CREEK PROJECT TABLES Table 1: Halq'eméylem Place Names in the Vicinity of the Project Area .................................................................................... 8 Table 2: Halq'eméylem Travel Routes in the Vicinity of the Project Area ................................................................................... 8 FIGURES Figure 1: Archaeological Overview Assessment – First Nations Permit Application Area Figure 2: Archaeological Overview Assessment – First Nation Place Names and Land Use Areas in the Vicinity of the Project Area Figure 3: Archaeological Overview Assessment – Historical Shoreline, Built Heritage and