Asian Longhorn Survey Report

A study by Puget Creek Restoration Society Compiled by: Scott Hansen (Puget Creek Restoration Society); Leonard S. Perez (American Public University APUS); Maria Lourdes B. Alampay (PCRS Intern); Albert Rodriguez (Clover Park Technical College).

INTRODUCTION

Puget Creek is a 66-acre natural area located on the Northern End of Tacoma, Washington. Puget creek provides a suitable habitat for indigenous species wildlife and a home to salmon. Puget Creek Restoration Society (PCRS) aims towards protecting and enhancing these habitats for future generations to come. Since November 2011, PCRS has been monitoring the vegetation seeking signs for Asian Longhorn (ALB) as well as associated wood-boring . To monitor ALB, 20 trees within the creek were chosen; 12 located in the lower portion of the park, 8 in the upper portion. Once a month these trees were analyzed to check whether or not they had signs of ALB or associated pests. Data from the general public were also taken into account. Data sheets from PCRS and the general public will the compiled together. At every year, we would compare the number of symptoms found versus the time in months; with this information, we would be able to determine which months of the year would have the highest number of symptoms. When comparing year-to-year averages, we would be able to determine if there is a climatic pattern in which ALB prefer to grow. Since 2011 there were numerous identifications of common symptoms of ALB, but no recorded accounts. Future monitoring is needed within Puget Creek. Monitoring ALB is essential to prevent significant disruption within this sensitive ecosystem. It is important to remember that there are other factors that contribute to tree loss and that to fully understand environments like an urban forest, we must take all considerations into account. It may seem like ALB infestation is a large obstacle, but it is nothing compared to the degradation and loss of environment that urban development brings upon the environment.

BACKGROUND

The Asian is an exotic woodboring beetle native to Eastern China, Japan, and Korea. The first recorded account of ALB in North America was in New York in 1996. This species of beetle was also recorded in Canada, Europe, and in the United Kingdom. The first detections of ALB were from private citizens. It is believed that ALB beetles were transported to the United States from China through a shipment of plumbing supplies that landed in Brooklyn, New York.

1 The typical size for an ALB is 1”-1.5” body length with long antennae that are usually longer then their body length. They are typically black in color with small white markings on the body and antennae. ALB usually take between one to three years to reach full maturity, and have a lifespan between 50-66 days as an adult; variables such as type of host plant and temperature influence the lifespan of ALB. ALB tend to attack coniferous and deciduous trees; mainly aiming to feed on their leaves and twigs. Although ALB do not wander far from their host tree, there have been accounts where they will travel as far as a kilometer or two in one season in search of a new host tree. Several other types of wood-boring insects are also associated with the presence of ALB. It is important to spot the differences between the non-native wood-boring insects and the insects that are native to this area that look similar to ALB but raise no harm in this environment.

ASSOCIATED WOOD-BORING PEST SPECIES

Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: ) First discovered in southeastern Michigan in 2002 and have been reported in 18 states; mainly from the Midwest to the East Coast as well as parts of Canada. Depending on temperature, their lifespan is 1-2 years. After adult development, EAB adults fly into the canopy and feed on the ash trees. 2-3 weeks post emergence, females will lay their eggs at the base of the tree; females will usually lay over 100 eggs in their lifetime.

Citrus Longhorn Beetle (Anoplophora chinensis)

Native to China, Japan, and Korea, Citrus Longhorn beetles were first intercepted in Georgia in 1999, then discovered in Washington in 2001. CLB were most likely transported via Bonsai collections and nursery stock. Males are generally smaller than females and have antennae that are twice the length of their body. The tunnels that they bore within tree trunks are used for their transportation; the irregular tunnels interfere with the transportation of water and nutrients within the tree causing the tree to die. They usually emerge within the summer months, the strongest being May to July. Eggs are laid at the base of the trunk after the female bores the hole. The average female will lay about 15 eggs, although here have been special cases were a female laying up to 200 eggs.

2 Fir Sawyer

Part of its life cycle is dependent on dead or dying wood. When colonizing, they use the pheromones of bark beetles as kairomones to seek a high quality residence. Eggs are white but turn brown over time and are oblong in shape, measuring 0.8-3.8 millimeters. Females prefer to lay their eggs in trees with thick bark and a thick phloem.

BEETLE SPECIES COMMONLY MISTAKEN FOR ASIAN LONGHORN BEETLE

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, pp.15 June 2012.

3 White Spotted Sawyer Monochamus scutellatus

The habitat range encompasses the area from Newfoundland to North Carolina, westward towards Minnesota and northwestward to Alaska; typically anywhere a coniferous forest would be located because adults feed on their needles and twigs (FID 1998).

The white spotted sawyer, Monochamus scutellatus, resembles ALB and is often mistaken for ALB (WSDA 2011).

The differences between this and ALB:

 White spotted sawyer has a dusting of small dots; ALB has more solid, larger white dots. The white spotted sawyer has a white dot between the wing covers.

 White spotted sawyer is a native insect and not usually damaging to its host trees. It feeds on pines and other conifers.

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, pp.15 June 2012.

4 Banded Alder Borer funebris

The habitat range encompasses the area from Alaska to southern California then eastward to the Rocky Mountains from Idaho to New Mexico (Antonelli 2003). This is another ALB look-alike that is often mistaken for ALB. As the name suggests, these beetles feed on alder trees, so are generally seen around alders or on a wood pile that contains alder wood. They are native and generally do not cause much damage to their host trees (WSDA 2011).

The differences between this insect and ALB:

 This beetle has black and white bands rather than spots as ALB does.

 Has a very large round dot in the center of the pronotum (the cylinder above the wing covers).

If you see this beetle it does not hurt to capture it or photograph it and report it to us.

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, pp.15 June 2012.

5 METHODOLOGY

Searching for Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB)

Instructions: The USDA-APHIS Washington Volunteer beetle survey

1. Locate at least 10 host trees on your property, public property (such as street trees, parks, and hiking trails) near your residence, or public property you frequent in your community. 2. Examine the trees for signs and symptoms of beetle infestation 3. Fill out the data form (down load online USDA-APHIS web site)

At Puget Creek, we have selected 12 trees in the lower Puget Creek Natural Area and 8 host trees located in Upper Puget Park Natural area. This gives us a total of 20 host trees to monitor monthly for the Asian Longhorn Beetle study.

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, pp.15 June 2012.

TREES SPECIES MONITORED FOR ALB STUDY IN PUGET CREEK

 Red Alder (Alnus rubra)  Apple Tree (Malus domestica)  Big leaf Maple ( Acer macrophyllum)  Beaked Hazelnut ( Corylus cornuta )  Sitka willow ( Salix sitchensis)  Common Hawthorn ( Cretagous communis)  Holly tree (Ilex aquifolium)  Rhododendron  Pacific willow ( Salix lucida)  Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)

6

MONITED HOST TREES AND LOCATIONS FOR ALB SURVEY IN PUGET CREEK

Tree # Species Location Description LOWER PARK 1 Red Alder (Alnus rubra) 30ft NE of toolshed 2 Apple Tree in picnic area, just W of tables 3 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) N of picnic area 4 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) N of #3 behind LARGE alder 5 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) N of #4, laurel growing very close 6 Beaked Hazelnut (Corylus cornuta) N end of park, 15ft E of stream 7 Sitka Willow (Salix sitchensis NW part of creek by plank bridge near gate 8 Sitka Willow (Salix sitchensis E of #7, lying on side 9 Rhododendron 15ft S of outhouse 10 Pacific Willow (Salix lucida) E of #9, b stream Common Hawthorn (Cretagous 11 communis) 5 ft S of compost container 12 Holly Tree E of toolshed, S of #1 UPPER PARK 13 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) NE of handicapped parking sign Horse Chestnut (Aesculus 14 hippocastanum) NE of handicapped parking sign Horse Chestnut (Aesculus 15 hippocastanum) N of path near please don't litter sign 16 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) 50' down trail from #15, near larger maple 20ft N of N 31st street into park, across from big blue 17 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) house 10ft SW of small trail closed sign within park, near 18 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) fence Horse Chestnut (Aesculus 19 hippocastanum) 20ft W of small trail closed sign within park 20 Big Leaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) 15ft N of small trail closed sign within park

7 OBSERVATIONS

 Defoliation  Exit holes in the trunk or larger branches, particularly if they are perfectly round and dime-sized  Frass, a sawdust-like substance of plant material and insect waste, and sap oozing out of holes in the trunk  Woodpeckers working on the tree, more than usual or more so than on other trees in the area, (they would be feeding on the larvae found under the bark)  Suckering, an unusual amount of secondary shoots at the base or along the trunk of the tree  Yellowing leaves, in one branch or one section of the tree  Anything unusual, especially if a patch of trees, not just one, appear affected, or if you are familiar with the trees and they do not look as healthy as normal.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ALB

Over the course of a year, larvae will mature and then pupate near the surface of the tree, under the bark. From the pupa, an adult beetle emerges, chewing its way out of the tree; forming characteristic round holes approximately 3/8ths of an inch in diameter.

 After mating, adult females chew depressions into the bark of various hardwood tree species in which they lay their eggs.

 The eggs hatch, small white larvae bore their way through the bark into the tree.

 Feeding on the sensitive vascular layer beneath the bark, this feeding activity can interrupt the flow of water and nutrients from the roots to the upper tree.

 This damage weakens the integrity of the tree and will eventually kill it if the infestation is severe enough.

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, pp.15 June 2012.

8 Asian Longhorned Beetle (ALB) Survey Data Form

Please read the instruction sheet for specific information about signs of ALB infestation. Reminder- please observes at least 10 trees to complete the data form. In the event that an invasive species is found: capture, photograph, and note setting/environment. Contact local WSDA and USDA Pest Survey Specialist.

Date of Observations: Name (optional): Contact information (email or phone, optional):

Location of observations Street address or closest intersection: City: Zip Code:

Number of host trees examined: Species of host trees if known:

Total time spent searching for signs of Asian Longhorned beetles (ALB):

If you did not observe signs of ALB infestation of your trees, check here:

How did you hear about this survey? (Check all that apply) Master Gardeners Green Tacoma Partnership Green Seattle Partnership Nature Conservancy Other (write in)

Comments:

If you find signs of ALB contact Yolanda Inguanzo as soon as possible. Even if you do not find any ALB signs, please send this form in, this information is all very important.

[email protected], or USDA-APHIS-PPQ 1550 Irving Ave SW Suite 100, Olympia, WA 98502

Reporting your observations is extremely important, even if you saw no sign of ALB. Please completely fill out the enclosed data form and return as an e-mail attachment to [email protected]. If you prefer, print the form and return by mail to: USDA-APHIS-PPQ 1550 Irving St Suite 100, Tumwater, WA 98512, Attn: Yolanda Inguanzo

9 DATA: ASIAN LONGHORN BEETLE SURVEY FORMS

NOVEMBER 2011

Date Time Tree ALB Notes (symptom types, location, Symptoms etc…) Nov Y/N 11/14/2011 n/a 1 N 11/14/2011 n/a 2 N 11/14/2011 n/a 3 N Sawdust at base of trunk 11/14/2011 n/a 4 Y Excessive woodpecker activity 11/14/2011 n/a 5 N 11/14/2011 n/a 6 N 11/14/2011 n/a 7 N 11/14/2011 n/a 8 N 11/14/2011 n/a 9 N Observed defoliation 11/14/2011 n/a 10 Y Observed unusual amount of suckering 11/14/2011 n/a 11 N 11/14/2011 n/a 12 N 11/14/2011 n/a 13 N Defoliation 11/14/2011 n/a 14 Y Defoliation; yellowing 11/14/2011 n/a 15 Y Yellowing of leaves 11/14/2011 n/a 16 N 11/14/2011 n/a 17 Y Woodpecker activity 11/14/2011 n/a 18 Y Yellowing; loose bark at trunk 11/14/2011 n/a 19 Y Excessive woodpecker activity; exit holes; 11/14/2011 n/a 20 Y Possible exit hole; defoliation of leaves

10 DECEMBER 2011

Date Time Tree ALB Symptoms Notes (symptom types, location, Y/N etc…) 12/5/2011 n/a 1 N 12/5/2011 n/a 2 Y 12/5/2011 n/a 3 Y Woodpecker activity in higher branches; some suckering at trunk 12/5/2011 n/a 4 Y Woodpecker activity 12/5/2011 n/a 5 Y Woodpecker activity 12/5/2011 n/a 6 N 12/5/2011 n/a 7 N 12/5/2011 n/a 8 N 12/5/2011 n/a 9 Y 12/5/2011 n/a 10 Y Suckering 12/5/2011 n/a 11 N 12/5/2011 n/a 12 Y Yellowing of leaves; visible suckering 12/5/2011 n/a 13 N 12/5/2011 n/a 14 N 12/5/2011 n/a 15 N 12/5/2011 n/a 16 N 12/5/2011 n/a 17 Y Woodpecker activity; suckering; tree has two trunks 12/5/2011 n/a 18 Y Woodpecker activity; suckering 12/5/2011 n/a 19 Y Woodpecker activity 12/5/2011 n/a 20 Y Woodpecker activity

**NO DATA FOR JANUARY 2012.

11

FEBRUARY 2012

Date Time Tree ALB Symptoms Notes (symptom types, location, etc…) Y/N

2/1/2012 n/a 1 N 2/1/2012 n/a 2 N 2/1/2012 n/a 3 Y Has branch with no bark 2/1/2012 n/a 4 N 2/1/2012 n/a 5 Y Small holes, woodpecker working on “root’ of the tree 2/1/2012 n/a 6 N 2/1/2012 n/a 7 N 2/1/2012 n/a 8 N Tree fell from wind 2/1/2012 n/a 9 N 2/1/2012 n/a 10 N 2/1/2012 n/a 11 N 2/1/2012 n/a 12 N Holly was present 2/1/2012 n/a 13 N 2/1/2012 n/a 14 N 2/1/2012 n/a 15 N 2/1/2012 n/a 16 N 2/1/2012 n/a 17 N 2/1/2012 n/a 18 N 2/1/2012 n/a 19 N 2/1/2012 n/a 20 N

** FEBRUARY 27 2012 ALB SURVEY SHOWS NO SYMPTOMS ON ALL 20 TREES.

12 MARCH 2012

Date Time Tree ALB Notes (symptom types, location, etc…) Symptoms Y/N 3/21/2012 n/a 1 N 3/21/2012 n/a 2 N 3/21/2012 n/a 3 N 3/21/2012 n/a 4 N 3/21/2012 n/a 5 Y Small holes and woodpecker worked on the “root” part 3/21/2012 n/a 6 N 3/21/2012 n/a 7 N 3/21/2012 n/a 8 N Has fallen due to storm 3/21/2012 n/a 9 N 3/21/2012 n/a 10 N Some pill bugs on bark 3/21/2012 n/a 11 N 3/21/2012 n/a 12 N 3/21/2012 n/a 13 N 3/21/2012 n/a 14 N 3/21/2012 n/a 15 N Lost tag 3/21/2012 n/a 16 N 3/21/2012 n/a 17 N One rotten side 3/21/2012 n/a 18 N 3/21/2012 n/a 19 N 3/21/2012 n/a 20 N

13 APRIL 2012

Date 17 April 2012 Time In: 12:50 Time Out: Tree Symptoms of If Yes, Describe Number ALB? (Y/N)

1 N

2 N

3 N

4 N

5 Y EXIT HOLES NEAR THE ROOTS- PICTURE TAKEN

6 N

7 N

8 N

9 N

10 N

11 N

12 N

13 N

14 N

15 N

16 N

17 N

18 N

19 N

20 N

14 MAY 2012

Date 09 May 2012 Time In: 1:00pm Time Out: Tree Symptoms of If Yes, Describe Number ALB? (Y/N)

1 N

2 N

3 N

4 Y Signs of excessive woodpecker activities , and Defoliation

5 Y Signs of Defoliation

6 Y Signs of Defoliation

7 N note: Second Trunk show signs of excessive woodpecker activities

8 N

9 N

10 N

11 N

12 N

13 N

14 N

15 N

16 N

17 N

18 N

19 N

20 N

15

JUNE 2012

Date 04 June 2012 Time In: 1:30pm Time Out: Tree Symptoms of ALB? If Yes, Describe Number (Y/N)

1 N

2 N

3 N

4 n

5 n

6 Y Signs of unusual Suckering

7 N

8 N

9 N

10 N

11 N

12 N

13 N

14 N

15 N

16 N

17 Y Unusual Suckering

18 Y Unusual Suckering; excessive Woodpecker activities

19 N

20 Y Unusual Suckering

16 JULY 2012

Date 07 July 2012 Time In: 8:28 A Time Out: 11:40A Tree Symptoms of If Yes, Describe Number ALB? (Y/N)

1 N

2 N

3 N

4 N

5 N

6 N

7 N

8 N

9 N

10 N

11 N

12 N

13 N

14 N

15 N

16 N

17 Y Sign of Woodpecker activities; Suckering

18 N

19 N

20 N

17

AUGUST 2012

Date: August 28 2012 Time: 1:06 PM Tree ALB Notes (symptom types, location, etc…) Symptoms Y/N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 Y DEFOLIATION,SIGNS OF SUCKERING 8 N 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 N 13 N 14 Y YELLOWING LEAVES 15 Y DEFOLIATION, YELLOWING 16 N 17 N 18 N 19 Y DEFOLIATION,YELLOWING 20 N

**SEPTEMBER 19 2012 ALB SURVEY DATA SHOWS NO ALB SYMPTOMS ON ALL 20 TREES. NO ALB SURVEY DONE FOR THE MONTH OF OCTOBER 2012.

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NOVEMBER 2012

Date : November 21 Time: 1:30 pm – 3:30 pm 2012 Tree ALB Notes (symptom types, location, etc…) Symptoms Y/N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 N 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 N 13 N 14 N 15 N 16 N 17 N 18 Y SIGNS OF SUCKERING 19 N 20 N

** NO DATA FOR DECEMBER 2012.

19

JANUARY 2013

Date: January 9 Time: 11:00 am 2013 Tree Number Symptoms of ALB? Description (Y/N) 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 N 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 Y Suckering; no other symptoms 13 N 14 N 15 N 16 N 17 N 18 N 19 N 20 N

** FEBRUARY 13TH 2013 ALB SURVEY DATA SHOWS NO SYMPTOMS ON ALL 20 TREES.

20

MARCH 2013

Date: March 27 Time: 12:50 PM 2013 Tree Number Symptoms of ALB? Description (Y/N) 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 N 9 Y Dead branches; likely stress related 10 Y Dead Branches, Suckering; likely stress related 11 N 12 N 13 N 14 N 15 N 16 N 17 N 18 N 19 N 20 N

21 APRIL 2013

Date: April 10 2013 Time: 3:25 PM Tree Number Symptoms of ALB? Description (Y/N) 1 N 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 N 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 N 13 N 14 N 15 N 16 N 17 N 18 Y Minor Suckering 19 N 20 N

**MAY 1ST 2013, 1:05 PM ALB SURVEY DATA SHOWS NO SYMPTOMS ON ALL 20 TREES.

22 CONCLUSIONS

Since the ALB monitoring began at the Puget Creek Natural Area in November, 2011, we have identified signs or symptoms that are consistent with Asian Longhorned beetle infestation on the 20 survey trees. However, no actual beetle has been seen at the Puget Creek Natural Area. Continuous monitoring is suggested in order to maintain sufficient information and conclusion of this study.

 This is a pest that has the potential of being introduced into Washington State not just from overseas but also from reproducing and established populations in the eastern US (NY and MA)(WSDA 2011).  This pest has the potential of surviving and reproducing in Washington (WSDA 2012).

 This pest has the potential of causing significant harm to Washington, both economic damage to plant industries and also damaging native plants and habitats (WSDA 2012).  With the predominant of deciduous trees in what was once evergreen trees, we have great concern that if the ALB get established that it could spread quickly.  If we get an evergreen tree-dominated ecosystem, that may help deter the Asian Longhorn Beetle.  We may expand the study to other sections of the natural areas’ perimeter to see if any new information can be obtained from the residential area that surrounds the Puget Creek Natural Area.  We did 2 monitoring periods in February 2012 because we missed January.  ALB surveys done from November 2011 to December 2011- the symptoms surveyed from the twenty host trees found at the Puget Creek Natural area show more signs of yellowing of leaves, woodpecker activity, and defoliation compared to surveys done on June 2012 to July 2012.  The survey done on July 2012 showed healthier trees- no signs of defoliation, yellowing of leaves, suckering, ailing or weakened trees. We observed full leaf canopy and flowering.  The ALB symptom-like signs are more likely signs experienced from weather patterns (drought) that have affected the Pacific Northwest, and are observed in non-native trees (defoliation and yellowing of leaves).  The observed defoliation or yellowing of the leaves is seasonal changes associated with deciduous trees, and the excessive suckering is seen from fallen host trees.  The lost bark is due to activities from the wildlife living in the Puget Creek Natural Area and not from an ALB infestation.  At present, no adult Asian Longhorn Beetle has been seen or observed at the Puget Creek Natural Area for the past year. The Asian longhorn Beetle Invasive Species Monitoring Survey Project started on the 28th of October, 2011.

23 WORK CITED:

Forest Entomology-watching forInvasion.Washington Volunteer beetle survey. WSDA plant protection and quarantine. USDA-APHIS 2011, ppt.15 June 2012.

M.Robson(ret.).Citrus Longhorned Beetle: Get Acquainted Here.Washington State University gardening western Washington Regional Garden Column August 26, 2001.web. 15 June 2012

William T. Hlubik,Weidman,Marco, et al.The Asian Longhorned Beetle.Rutgers Cooperative Extension.USDA Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry. nd.Web.15June2012

CLB Citrus Longhorn Beetle,WSDA plant protection and quarantine USDA-APHIS 2011.ppt.15June2012.

Martin, Deborah, and John Rogan. "Research Documents Multiple Threats to Urban Trees." Washington Urban and Community Forestry [Worchester, MA] 21 May 2013, n. pag. Print.

Emerald Ash Borer Pics: (website) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/emerald_ash_b/gallery.shtml (image address) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/emerald_ash_b/images/large/eab dview.jpg http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/emerald_ash_b/images/large/eab vside.jpg Information: (website) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/emerald_ash_b/index.shtml (article) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/emerald_ash_b/downloads/EAB -FieldRelease-Guidelines.pdf Citrus Longhorn Beetle Information: (website) http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/asian_lhb/downloads/ewbb_guid elines.pdf http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/trees/beetles/citrus_longhorned_beetle.htm

24 Fir Sawyer (information) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochamus_scutellatus (images) http://www.invasive.org/images/192x128/2160021.jpg http://bugwoodcloud.org/images/192x128/5316060.jpg

White Spotted Sawyer (website) http://na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/fidls/ws_sawyer/ws_sawyer.htm (images) http://asianlonghornedbeetle.com/spot-it/

Banded Alder Borer (image) http://whatcom.wsu.edu/images/gardener/alder_large.jpg (information) http://puyallup.wsu.edu/plantclinic/resources/pdf/pls55bandedalder.pdf

Symptoms of ALB (image) http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2559/3968890297_9971d0a15e.jpg http://extension.unh.edu/ALB/images/EAB_Tracesresized.jpg

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