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24. Governors by the State

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24. Governors by the State https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions Provision of free and compulsory education 24. Governors by the state. Resolution on National Economic Programme 1. At a time when empires in Europe were at Karachi Congress Session 1931 crumbling before the might of Napoleon, At the Karachi Congress Session 1931 a which one of the following up Governor- resolution on a national economic programme General kept the British flag flying high also adopted. The main features of the national in India? economic programme included: a) Warren Hastings Reform in the land revenue and rent on b) Lord Cornwallis land to give relief to small peasantry and c) Lord Wellesely exemption of revenue in case of d) Lord Hastings uneconomic land holdings. 2. Who among the following Governor Reduction in military expenditure by at Generals created the Covenanted Civil least one half of the present scale. Service of India which later came to be Relief from the agricultural indebtedness. known as the Indian Civil Service? Control on usury and money lending. a) Warren Hastings Improvements in the working conditions, b) Wellesley improvement in the living wage, limited c) Cornwallis hours of work and protection for women d) William Bentinck workers. Right to form unions for workers and 3. By a regulation in 1793, the District peasants. Collector was deprived of his judicial Government ownership and control of key powers and made the collecting agent industries, mines, and means of transport. only What was the reason for such Regulation of currency and exchange rate regulation? in the National interest. a) Lord Cornwallis Felt That The District Collector's Efficiency Of Revenue Collection Educational Objective: Indian National Would Enormously Increase Without The Congress Karachi Session in 1931 Burden Of Other Work 12. Key:D b) Lord Cornwallis Felt That Judicial Power Explanation: A statement is false as role of Should Compulsorily Be In The hands Of moderates continued after partition of Bengal. Europeans While Indians Can Be Given The Extremists and moderates separated at Surat Job Of revenue Collection In The Districts session in 1907 but reunited at 1916 session at c) Lord Cornwallis Was Alarmed At The Extent Lucknow. Of Power Concentrated In The District Educational Objective: Partition of Bengal in Collector And Felt that such Absolute Power 1905 and Surat Split. Was Undesirable In One Person www.laex.in Page No. 116 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions d) The Judicial Work Demanded A Deep c) Lord Curzon Knowledge Of India And A Good Training In d) Lord Hardinge Law And Lord Cornwallis Felt That District 8. Which one of the following pairs is not Collector Should Be Only A Revenue correctly matched? Collector a) Pitt's India Act : Warren Hastings 4. Who was the Viceroy of India when the b) Doctrine of Lapse : Dalhousie Rowlatt Act was passed? c) Vernacular Press Act : Curzon a) Lord Irwin d) Illbert Bill : Ripon b) Lord Reading C) Lord Chelmsford 9. Consider the following Viceroys of India d) Lord Wavell during the British rule: 1) Lord Curzon 5. Consider the following statements: 1) Robert Clive was the first Governor-General 2) Lord Chelmsford of Bengal. 3) Lord Harding 2) William Bentinck was the first Governor- 4) Lord Irwin General of India. Which one of the following is the correct Which of the statements given above is/are chronological order of their tenure? correct a) 1-3-2-4 a) 1 only b) 2-4-1-3 a) Both 1 and 2 c) 1-4-2-3 b) 2 only d) 2-3-1-4 d) Neither 1 nor 2 10.With reference to colonial period of Indian history, Match List-I with List-II and select 6. The First Factory Act restricting the the correct Key: working hours of women and children and authorizing local government to make List-I (Person) List-II (Event) necessary rules was adopted during whose A. Macdonald 1. Doctrine of Lapse time? B Linlithgo 2. Communal Award a) Lord Lytton C. Dalhousie 3. August Offer b) Lord Ripon D. Chelmsford 4. Dyarchy c) Lord Bentinck Codes: d) Lord Canning A B C D a) 3 2 1 4 7. Who among the following repealed the b) 3 2 4 1 Vernacular Press Act? c) 3 2 1 4 a) Lord Dufferin d) 2 3 4 1 b) Lord Ripon www.laex.in Page No. 117 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions 11. The last major extension of British Indian 24. Key and Explanations territory took place during the time of a) Dufferin 1. Key : C b) Dalhousie Explanation: Lord Wellesely(1798-1805)- Lord c) Lytton Wellesley (as Governor General) came to India in d) Curzon 1798 at a time when the British were locked in a life and death struggle with France all over the 12. The Governor-General who followed a world. spirited forward policy towards Educational Objective: Chronological knowhow Afghanistan was of Governor General’s of India a) Minto 2. Key : C b) Dufferin Explanation: c) Elgin The present civil services of India are mainly d) Lytton based on the pattern of the former Indian 13. “The Congress is tottering to its fall and Civil Service of British India. Warren one of my great ambitions while in India, Hastings laid the foundation of civil service is to assist it to a peaceful demise" This and Charles Cornwallis reformed, statement is attributed to modernised, and rationalised it. Hence, a) Lord Dufferin Charles Cornwallis is known as 'the father of b) Lord Curzon civil service in India'. c) Lord Lytton Cornwallis introduced two divisions of the d) None of these Indian Civil service—covenanted and uncovenanted. The covenanted civil service 14. A: According to the Wavell Plan, the consisted of only Europeans (i.e., British number of Hindu and Muslim members in personnel) occupying the higher posts in the the Executive Council were to be equal. government. The uncovenanted civil service R: Wavell thought that this arrangement was solely introduced to facilitate the entry would have avoided the partition of India. of Indians at the lower rung of the a) Both A and R are true but R is the correct administration. explanation of A Educational Objective: Evolution of Civil b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct Services in India explanation of A 3. Key : C c) A is true but R is false Explanation: By 1793 the judicial reforms of d) A is false but R is true Cornwallis took the final shape and were embodied in the famous Cornwallis Code. Separation of powers was the basis of the new reforms. The collector was deprived of all his www.laex.in Page No. 118 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions judicial and magisterial powers. The judges tried Robert Clive’s position was of Major all civil cases in the districts. Cornwallis was General. the believer of the idea of Separation Of Educational Objective: Know about Governor Power. Generals and Viceroys Educational Objective: Reforms by Lord 6. Key : B Cornwallis- Administrtative reform, Judicial Explanation: The Factory Act -1881 (1st Act) reforms, commercial reforms, Cornwallis code Children between age of 7-12, were to work 4. Key : C for 9 hours/ day. Employment of Explanation: Rowlatt Acts, (February 1919), Children below 7 years was prohibited legislation passed by the Imperial Legislative Mid-day meal interval, 4 holidays/ month Council, the legislature of British India. The and fencing of machinery in the factory also acts allowed certain political cases to be tried provided. without juries and permitted internment of This act applicable only to factories using suspects without trial. Lord Chelmsford was the mechanical powers, employing not less than Viceroy of India when the Rowlatt Act was 100 works and working for not more than 4 passed. months in a year limitations: Educational Objective: Governor Generals , In 1890, Indian factory commission Viceroys and important initiatives during their appointed and on its report the next factory tenures. act of 1891, was passed. 5. Key : B Educational Objective: Factory Acts Explanation: 7. Key : B The Regulating Act of 1773 was the first step Explanation: taken by the British Government to control Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was proposed and regulate affairs of the East India by Lord Lytton, then Company. It designated the Governor of viceroy of India (governed 1876–80), the act Bengal as the Governor-General of Bengal was intended to prevent the vernacular and created an Executive Council of 4 to press from expressing criticism assist him. Lord Warren Hastings was the of British policies—notably, the opposition first Governor-General of Bengal. that had grown with the outset of the Second First governor general of British India was Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). LORD WILLIAM BENTINCK. Charter act of The act excluded English-language 1833 made the Governor General of Bengal publications. as the Governor General of India. Lord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press And first such one was LORD WILLIAM Act in 1881. BENTINCK. Educational Objective: Vernacular Press Act, 1878 www.laex.in Page No. 119 https://elearn.laex.in https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains https://t.me/UPSC_Prelims https://t.me/UPSC_Mains Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions 8.
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