Theories of Social Psychology Is an Essential Resource for Researchers and Students of Social Psychology and Related Disciplines
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Van Lange, Kruglanski Van This innovative, two-volume Handbook provides a comprehensive exploration of the major developments of social psychological theories that have taken place over the past half century, culminating in a state of the art overview of the primary theories and models that have been developed in this vast and fascinating field. Authored by leading international experts, each chapter represents a personal and historical narrative Handbook of of each theory’s development including the inspirations, critical junctures and problem-solving efforts and that have effected the choices made in each theory’s evolution as well as the impact each has had on the canon of social psychology. Unique to this Handbook, these narratives provide a rich background for Higgins understanding how theories are created more generally; how they’re nurtured and shaped over time; Edited by Theories of and how through examination we can better understand their unique contribution to society as a whole. The Handbook also illustrates how the various theories contribute to understanding and solving critical social issues and problems. Social Psychology Vol 2 Volume 2 Volume 1 Part I: Biological/Evolutionary Level of Analysis Part II: Cognitive Level of Analysis Part III: Motivational/Affective Level of Analysis Volume 2 Part III (cont.): Motivational/Affective Level of Analysis Part IV: Interpersonal Level of Analysis of Social Theories Part V: Group and Cultural Level of Analysis Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology is an essential resource for researchers and students of social psychology and related disciplines. Psychology Paul A. M. Van Lange is Arie W. Kruglanski is E. Tory Higgins is Stanley Professor and Chair at the Distinguished University Schachter Professor of Handbook of Department of Social and Professor at the Department Psychology and Professor of Edited by Organizational Psychology at of Psychology, University of Business at Columbia University. the VU University, Amsterdam. Maryland. Paul A. M. Van Lange Arie W. Kruglanski and E. Tory Higgins Cover image © iStockphoto I Cover design by Wendy Scott spine 36mm Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology Volume 2 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd i 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:502:43:50 PPMM 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd iiii 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM Handbook of Theories of Social Psychology Volume 2 Edited by Paul A. M. Van Lange, Arie W. Kruglanski, and E. Tory Higgins 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd iiiiii 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM Preface and Editorial arrangement © Paul A.M. Van Lange, Arie W. Kruglanski, and E. Tory Higgins 2012 Chapter 26 © Walter Mischel 2012 Chapter 40 © Morton Deutsch 2012 Chapter 27 © William B. Swann, Jr. 2012 Chapter 41 © Robert B. Cialdini 2012 Chapter 28 © Carol S. Dweck 2012 Chapter 42 © John T. Jost and Chapter 29 © Michael A. Hogg 2012 Jojanneke van der Toorn 2012 Chapter 30 © Marilynn B. Brewer 2012 Chapter 43 © Tom R. Tyler 2012 Chapter 31 © Leonard Berkowitz 2012 Chapter 44 © Charlan Jeanne Nemeth 2012 Chapter 32 © Roy F. Baumeister 2012 Chapter 45 © Naomi Ellemers and Chapter 33 © Mark R. Leary 2012 S. Alexander Haslam 2012 Chapter 34 © Phillip R. Shaver and Chapter 46 © John C. Turner and Mario Mikulincer 2012 Katherine J. Reynolds 2012 Chapter 35 © Gerald Echterhoff 2012 Chapter 47 © Jim Sidanius and Chapter 36 © Elaine Hatfield and Felicia Pratto 2012 Richard L. Rapson 2012 Chapter 48 © Samuel L. Gaertner and Chapter 37 © Caryl E. Rusbult, Christopher R. Agnew John F. Dovidio 2012 and Ximena R. Arriaga 2012 Chapter 49 © Alice H. Eagly and Wendy Wood Chapter 38 © Margaret S. Clark and Chapter 50 © Patrick Rateau, Pascal Moliner, Judson R. Mills 2012 Christian Guimelli, and Jean-Claude Abric 2012 Chapter 39 © Paul A.M.Van Lange and Chapter 51 © Harry C. Triandis and Caryl E. Rusbult 2012 Michele J. Gelfand 2012 First published 2012 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Oliver’s Yard 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Mathura Road New Delhi 110 044 SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd 33 Pekin Street #02-01 Far East Square Singapore 048763 Library of Congress Control Number: 2010936852 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-85702-961-4 Typeset by Glyph International Printed in India at Replika Pvt Ltd Printed on paper from sustainable resources 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd iivv 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM Contents VOLUME 2 Notes on Editors and Contributors ix Preface xix 26 Self-Control Theory 1 Walter Mischel 27 Self-Verification Theory 23 William B. Swann, Jr. 28 Implicit Theories 43 Carol S. Dweck 29 Uncertainty-Identity Theory 62 Michael A. Hogg 30 Optimal Distinctiveness Theory: Its History and Development 81 Marilynn B. Brewer 31 A Cognitive-Neoassociation Theory of Aggression 99 Leonard Berkowitz PART IV INTERPERSONAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS 119 32 Need-to-Belong Theory 121 Roy F. Baumeister 33 Sociometer Theory 141 Mark R. Leary 34 Attachment Theory 160 Phillip R. Shaver and Mario Mikulincer 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd v 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM vi CONTENTS 35 Shared-Reality Theory 180 Gerald Echterhoff 36 Equity Theory in Close Relationships 200 Elaine Hatfield and Richard L. Rapson 37 The Investment Model of Commitment Processes 218 Caryl E. Rusbult, Christopher R. Agnew, and Ximena B. Arriaga 38 A Theory of Communal (and Exchange) Relationships 232 Margaret S. Clark and Judson R. Mills 39 Interdependence Theory 251 Paul A.M.Van Lange and Caryl E. Rusbult PART V GROUP AND CULTURAL LEVEL OF ANALYSIS 273 40 A Theory of Cooperation – Competition and Beyond 275 Morton Deutsch 41 The Focus Theory of Normative Conduct 295 Robert B. Cialdini 42 System Justification Theory 313 John T. Jost and Jojanneke van der Toorn 43 Justice Theory 344 Tom R. Tyler 44 Minority Influence Theory 362 Charlan Jeanne Nemeth 45 Social Identity Theory 379 Naomi Ellemers and S. Alexander Haslam 46 Self-Categorization Theory 399 John C. Turner and Katherine J. Reynolds 47 Social Dominance Theory 418 Jim Sidanius and Felicia Pratto 48 The Common Ingroup Identity Model 439 Samuel L. Gaertner and John F. Dovidio 49 Social Role Theory 458 Alice H. Eagly and Wendy Wood 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd vvii 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM CONTENTS vii 50 Social Representation Theory 477 Patrick Rateau, Pascal Moliner, Christian Guimelli and Jean-Claude Abric 51 A Theory of Individualism and Collectivism 498 Harry C. Triandis and Michele J. Gelfand Name Index 521 Subject Index 528 VOLUME 1 Notes on Editors and Contributors ix Preface xix Theories of Social Psychology: An Introduction 1 Paul A.M. Van Lange, Arie W. Kruglanski, and E. Tory Higgins PART I BIOLOGICAL/EVOLUTIONARY LEVEL OF ANALYSIS 9 1 Evolutionary Theory and Human Social Behavior 11 Douglas T. Kenrick 2 Tend and Befriend Theory 32 Shelley E. Taylor 3 The Evaluative Space Model 50 John T. Cacioppo, Gary G. Berntson, Catherine J. Norris, and Jackie K. Gollan PART II COGNITIVE LEVEL OF ANALYSIS 73 4 Accessibility theory 75 E. Tory Higgins 5 A Theory of Impulse and Reflection 97 Fritz Strack and Roland Deutsch 6 Construal Level Theory 118 Yaacov Trope and Nira Liberman 7 An Attribution Theory of Motivation 135 Bernard Weiner 8 A Theory of Social Information Processing 156 Robert S. Wyer, Jr. 9 Balance-Logic Theory 178 Chester A. Insko 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd vviiii 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM viii CONTENTS 10 Lay Epistemic Theory 201 Arie W. Kruglanski 11 The Elaboration Likelihood Model 224 Richard E. Petty and Pablo Briñol 12 A Theory of Heuristic and Systematic Information Processing 246 Shelly Chaiken and Alison Ledgerwood 13 The Continuum Model and the Stereotype Content Model 267 Susan T. Fiske 14 Feelings-as-Information Theory 289 Norbert Schwarz 15 The Linguistic Category Model 309 Gün R. Semin 16 Action Identification Theory 327 Robin R. Vallacher and Daniel M. Wegner 17 Social Cognitive Theory 349 Albert Bandura PART III MOTIVATIONAL/AFFECTIVE LEVEL OF ANALYSIS 375 18 Cognitive Dissonance Theory 377 Joel Cooper 19 Terror Management Theory 398 Jeffrey Greenberg and Jamie Arndt 20 Self-Determination Theory 416 Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan 21 The Theory of Planned Behavior 438 Icek Ajzen 22 Social Comparison Theory 460 Jerry Suls and Ladd Wheeler 23 Regulatory Focus Theory 483 E. Tory Higgins 24 A Model of Behavioral Self-Regulation 505 Charles S. Carver and Michael F. Scheier 25 Mindset Theory of Action Phases 526 Peter M. Gollwitzer Name Index 547 Subject Index 553 55618-van618-van LLange-Vol-II-FM.inddange-Vol-II-FM.indd vviiiiii 55/19/2011/19/2011 112:43:512:43:51 PPMM Notes on Editors and Contributors Jean-Claude Abric is emeritus professor of social psychology at Aix-Marseille University (France) where he directed the Social Psychology Laboratory for 16 years.